Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Using language & Assessing your progress—Language points-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书

Section Ⅳ　Using language & Assessing your progress—Language points ◎核心单词——练通 1．a perfect setting　　　　 一个完美背景 2．in the surrounding area 在周边区域 3．have competence 有能力 4．challenging insights 挑战性见解 5．a dramatic increase 急剧增长 6．living expenses 生活费用 7．from an angle 从一个角度 8．mature enough 足够成熟 9．deny their talent 否认他们的才能 10．be optimistic about life 对生活很乐观 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．depress vt. 使忧愁；使沮丧 →depressed adj. 沮丧的；意志消沉的 →depressing adj. 令人沮丧的 →depression n． 沮丧；忧伤 2．competence n． 能力；胜任；本领 →competent adj. 有能力的；称职的 3．behave vt. 表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌 →behavior n． 行为 4．cooperate vi. 合作；协作；配合 →cooperation n． 合作 5．sincerely adv. 真诚地；诚实地 →sincere adj. 真诚的 →sincerity n． 真诚；诚实 6．dramatic adj. 突然的；巨大的；戏剧(般)的；急剧的 →drama n． 戏剧 7．logical adj. 合情合理的；合乎逻辑的 →logic n． 逻辑 8．surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 →surround v． 围绕 →surroundings n．[pl.] 环境；周围的事物 9．optimistic adj. 乐观的 → optimism n． 乐观主义 10．strengthen vi.& vt. 加强；增强；巩固 →strength n． 力量 →strong adj. 强壮的 规律探究·知识横拓 规律：-en动词后缀，多是把名词或形容词变为及物动词。 示例：short n．短→shorten vt.变短 wide adj.宽的→widen vt.加宽 length n．长度→lengthen vt.加长　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．tremendous amount 巨大的数量 2．in the surroundings 在周围 3．feel depressed 感到沮丧 4．economic boom 经济繁荣 5．different perspectives 不同的角度 6．a western envoy 一位西方使节 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．据我所知 as far as I know 2．就我而言；依我看来 as far as I am concerned 3．总的来说；总之 in summary 4．一般来说 generally speaking 5．(使)花一大笔钱 cost an arm and a leg 6．支持；站在……的一边 side with 第二组　英译汉 7．to begin with 首先 8．end up doing 以做某事而告终 9．the Belt and Road Initiative “一带一路”倡议 10．to sum up 总之；总计 11．break down 出毛病；失败；破裂；分解 12．all in all 总之 13．in the past few decades 在过去的几十年里 学生用书↓第52页 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．[句型公式]　while引导让步状语从句 [教材原句]　A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits(尽管留学确实有诸多潜在的益处)，young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 2．[句型公式]　动词-ing形式短语作主语 [教材原句]　Studying in China(在中国上学) is much more convenient and can help save money. 3．[句型公式]　with复合结构 [教材原句]　As China has boomed，the educational environment has improved significantly，with many great universities now available(许多优质大学比比皆是). Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 grasp vt. 理解；领会；抓紧 (教材原句)Well，I suppose it was difficult to grasp the tones at first.嗯，我想一开始很难掌握音调。 (1)grasp that/wh-从句 理解…… grasp sb by the hand/arm 抓住某人的手/手臂 grasp a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会 (2)have a grasp/command of sth 理解某事 beyond one's grasp 超出某人的理解能力 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)How come you have such a good grasp of English? (2)He grasped her firmly by the arm. (3)I grasped(grasp) the opportunity to work abroad without hesitation，so I succeeded. (4)(2022·浙江1月卷)America did not invent the steam engine，but once they grasped its possibilities(一旦他们抓住其可能性)they put it to more uses than anyone else. behave vt. 表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌 (教材原句)Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些学生可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。 (1)behave well/badly to/towards sb 对待某人好/不好 behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体 mind one's behavior 注意某人的行为 behave as if/though 表现得好像…… (2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的 badly-behaved adj. 表现差的 (3)behaviour n. 举止；行为；习性 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)What do you think of the host's behavior(behave) at the stage that day? (2)I hope the children behave themselves(they) at the party. (3)They behaved badly(bad)to the guests，which made us disappointed. (4)(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)教师和监护人应该为团体树立良好的行为榜样，并始终与学生在一起。 Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times. 学生用书↓第53页 (5)(应用文写作之建议信)以下是一些关于在公共场所如何表现自己的合理建议。 The following are some reasonable suggestions on how to behave yourselves in public places. strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固 (教材原句)They have great facilities and outstanding professors，helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country. 它们有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培养为经济作贡献并且进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。 (1)strengthen one's body 增强体质 (2)strong adj. 强壮的；坚强的 strength n. 力量；力气；优势 (3)strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势；长处和短处 build up one's strength 增强体力 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)I sat down for a moment to gather my strength(strong)． (2)We are learning to step back from ourselves and identify our strengths(strength) and weaknesses. (3)The exercises are designed to strengthen(strengthen) your stomach muscles. (4)【中国元素】　鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，因此敦煌正是理想的会址。 Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place. (5)(2022·全国乙卷)To strengthen the connection with young people(为了加强与年轻人的联系)，the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media... deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝 (教材原句)To sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages，so when you think about studying abroad，you should consider these many factors. 总之，我们无法否认的事实是：留学有其弊端。因此当你想要出国留学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。 deny (doing/having done)sth　 否认(做)某事　　　　　　 deny sb sth(＝deny sth to sb) 拒绝给某人某物 It can't be denied that... 不可否认…… There is no denying that... 毋庸置疑……；不可否认…… 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)The suspect at last admitted having received the stolen goods but denied having sold(sell)them. (2)It can't be denied(deny) that we need to devote more resources to this problem. (3)The President issued a brief statement denying(deny) the charges. (4)(2022·天津高考书面表达)没有人能否认这一事实：我从这个很棒的英语口语俱乐部中学到了很多东西。 No one can deny the fact that I have gained a lot from this fantastic Spoken English Club. 学生用书↓第54页 side with支持；站在……的一边 (教材原句)Which parent would you probably side with？你会站在父母中哪一边？ (1)side against　　 反对 (2)side by side 并排；并肩地 be on one's side 站在某人一边；和某人观点一致 take sides 表明立场；表示支持一方 单句语法填空/读后续写之主旨升华 (1)I will side with you through thick and thin. (2)She didn't think it was wise to take sides(side) in their argument. (3)那些在困境时支持你的人才是真朋友。 Those who side with you/are on your side in times of trouble are true friends. as far as I know 据我所知 as far as sb know/knew　 就某人所知 as far as sb/sth be concerned 就……而言 as far as I can see 依我看 as far as I can judge/tell 据我判断 as far as the eye can see 目之所及 as far as 和……一样远 补全句子/完成句子 (1)As far as we knew(就我们所知)，there was no cause for concern. (2)As far as I am concerned(就我而言)，you can do what you like. (3)As far as I can tell/judge(据我判断)，Jason is basically a nice guy. (4)(话题写作之人际关系)据我所知，只有当我们言行一致时，我们才能赢得别人的尊重。 As far as I know，only when what we say consists in what we do can we gain others' respect. (5)【中国元素】　据我所知，你对中国传统文化很感兴趣。 As far as I know，you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese culture. 认知深化 一、一词多义——firm 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇的意思 A．adj.坚硬的　B．adj.稳固的　C．adj.坚定的　D．n.公司 1．My former classmate opened a law firm in a suburb of the city last Friday.D 2．He is firm in his purposes，so he will accomplish his ambition.C 3．Do make sure the ladder feels firm before you climb up.B 4．The city walls are as firm as a rock.A 二、熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 1．Don't let the situation escape from your grasp.控制 2．Ten pounds for a good dictionary seems reasonable enough.(价钱)公道的 3．My watch gains by several minutes a day.(钟、表等走得)快　　 学生用书↓第55页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：强调谓语动词的句型 (教材原句)A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits，young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 最后还要考虑的一点是，虽然留学确实有潜在的好处，但在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期！ (1)使用“助动词do/does/did＋动词原形”的结构强调谓语动词，意为“的确，确实……” (2)这种强调结构仅用于一般现在时或一般过去时句子中。 (3)强调句子的主语、宾语、表语、状语等，需要用强调句型It is/was...that/who...单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Do write to us when you get there in case we worry about you. (2)She did tell me about her address but I forgot all about it. (3)(2022·浙江1月读后续写)正是从这个项目中，我才意识到那句老话的真正含义。 It was from this project that I did realize the true meaning of the old saying. 维度一　品句填词 1．It was the perfect setting(环境) for a wonderful New Year. 2．He grasped(抓住) my hand and shook it warmly. 3．Events took a dramatic(突然的) turn in the weeks that followed. 4．A tremendous(巨大的) amount of work has gone into the project. 5．The buildings have been designed to fit in with their surroundings(环境)． 6．I'll let you have an answer after mature(成熟的) consideration. 7．Everything you write about should have an angle(立场)． 8．His experience abroad provides a wider perspective(角度) on the problem. 维度二　词形转换 1．The mother prayed sincerely(sincere) for her son when he was ill. 2．They explained how to balance their expenses(expense) against their income. 3．That the player behaved(behave) badly in the competition made us disappointed. 4．A large city's service even covers numbers of the surrounding(surround) towns. 5．You sometimes feel anxious，but you don't often get depressed(depress)． 6．Exercise firms the body，strengthens(strength) the muscles，and prevents you from gaining weight. 7．To put it simply，if you want to be a success in the business world，you need a high level of English competence(competent)． 维度三　固定搭配和句式 1．不可否认，我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。(deny句型) There is no denying that our earth is suffering severe damage. 2．对于您的肯定答复，我真的感激不尽。(do强调谓语动词) I do appreciate the favorable reply you have shown to me. 学生用书↓第56页 3．当我还小的时候，我想我最终会像我父亲一样学习吉他。(end up) When I was little，I thought I'd end up learning the guitar like my father. 4．在炎热的夏天我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。(with复合结构) I like to sleep with the windows open in the hot summer． 5．我觉得爱在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。(as far as I am concerned) As far as I am concerned，love plays an important role in our daily life． 课时测评8　Section Ⅳ　Using language & Assessing your progress—Language points (时间：45分钟　满分：63分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础语境练] Ⅰ.根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 (每小题1分，共8分) 1．The team achieved a tremendous(巨大的) victory，securing their place in the finals. 2．The peaceful setting (环境)of the countryside provided the perfect escape from the busy city life. 3．Her mature(成熟的) approach to problem-solving impressed her colleagues and earned her respect in the workplace. 4．The tech industry experienced a significant boom(繁荣)，with new startups appearing at a rapid pace. 5．Regular exercise and a balanced diet helped her gain (增加) muscle and improve her overall health. 6．The journalist approached the story from a different angle(角度)，deeply looking into lesser-known aspects. 7．The unexpected car repairs were an additional expense that worsened their monthly budget. 8．Despite the challenges，she remained optimistic about the future and focused on finding solutions. Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 (每小题1分，共8分) 1．He managed to grasp (grasp) the opportunity to show his talent for the lead role. 2．I sincerely (sincere) apologize for the inconvenience caused by the delayed delivery. 3．Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help strengthen (strength) your immune system. 4．The student was distracted by the noise coming from his surrounding (surround) classmates. 5．She felt depressed (depress) after receiving the disappointing news about her job application. 6．The two companies finally agreed to cooperate (cooperate) on a joint project to develop creative technology solutions. 7．His experience and knowledge show his competence (competent) in the field of financial analysis. 8．The sunset over the ocean was a breathtaking sight，with the sky changing dramatically (dramatic) in different colors. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题3分，共12分) 1．不可否认，我们需要投入更多的资源来解决这个问题。(deny句型；描述事实主题) One cannot deny the fact that we need to devote more resources to this problem. 2．汤姆在有关谁应为损失负责的辩论中站在他兄弟这边。(side with；观点态度描写) Tom sided with his brother in the argument about who was responsible for the loss. 3．就我而言，没有什么比打排球更好的了。(concern；个人观点介绍) As far as I am concerned，there is nothing better than playing volleyball. 4．李华第一次到英格兰时，因无法适应当地的生活方式，感到很沮丧。(depress；情绪情感描写) When Li Hua first came to England，he felt depressed because he couldn't adapt to the local way of life． [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 (每小题2.5分，共10分) (2024·山东新泰市一中高二上月考) In valleys with thick plants，different-sized round and square buildings with faded yellow clay walls and wooden roofs，tulou lie in mountainous villages in Longyan，Fujian Province.There are more than 23，000 tulou in Yongding，which became well-known after 46 were given World Heritage status by UNESCO in 2008.“The structures were awarded because they are exceptional examples of a building of tradition and function demonstrating a particular type of communal living and defensive organization，and，in terms of their harmonious relationship with their environment，an outstanding example of human settlement，” UNESCO said. The giant multi-storied tulou were built with wood and mud walls.Constructed from the 15th to 20th centuries，these massive communal homes were sited based on feng shui principles，which claim to use energy forces to harmonize individuals with their environment.Tulou are also purposefully resting amid tea，tobacco，rice plantations and abundant forests of pine and bamboo. Throughout history，tulou residents have mostly been Hakka—migrants in southern China.Population pressures created conflict between the Hakka and their neighbors，so they built their homes to double as defending.The buildings are mainly four or five stories high.The first floor serves as the kitchen，the second is used for grain storage and the upper floors act as living areas.The structures are mainly symmetrical，and their defensive features include ironclad gates，escape tunnels，narrow openings for weapons under the dark-tiled roofs，and a water well.For their defensive function，only rooms on the third floor and higher have windows，which are very small.With sufficient food，the residents could survive in the event of a lengthy conflict. Communal living is integrity to these villages，where the closed wall design boosts social interaction.Residents gather in the courtyard for ceremonies such as ancestor worship and weddings.Tulou is such an extraordinary piece of architecture，living up to the title given by UNESCO. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的土楼建筑，包括它的建造特点、文化内涵和功能等。 1．What do we know about tulou? A．Over 23，000 tulou were given World Heritage status. B．Among 23，000 tulou，only 46 became famous globally. C．They're exceptional buildings of tradition and function. D．Tulou is the most outstanding Chinese human settlement. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘The structures were awarded because...an outstanding example of human settlement，’UNESCO said.”可知，土楼是具有传统和功能的杰出建筑。故选C。 2．What is most important for residents during a long period of conflict? A．Escape tunnels.　　　 B．Enough food. C．Small windows. D．Defensive weapons. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“With sufficient food，the residents could survive in the event of a lengthy conflict.”可知，在长期的冲突中，居民最重要的是足够的食物。故选B。 3．What is probably the author's attitude to the protection of tulou? A．Favorable. B．Unclear. C．Negative. D．Unconcerned. 答案：A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“Tulou is such an extraordinary piece of architecture，living up to the title given by UNESCO.”可推知，作者对土楼保护持支持的态度。故选A。 4．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．Tulou：in Harmony with Their Environments B．Tulou：Different-Sized Round and Square Buildings C．Tulou：Given the World Heritage Status by UNESCO in 2008 D．Tulou：a Special Chinese Structure Combining Living and Defending 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中“‘The structures were awarded because...an outstanding example of human settlement，’UNESCO said.”并结合文章可知，D选项“土楼：中国特色的居住与防御相结合的建筑”最适合作文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (每小题1分，共15分) (2024·河北邢台市五岳联盟高二上月考) Liu Xiaoyu，the Chinese-Canadian ever won first place in the 18th International Fryderyk Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw.And he was the second pianist of Chinese origin to 1 the honor. It was his first 2 in China when he played at the 51st Hong Kong Arts Festival in February.However，it was his third trip to the special region.He had 3 here twice before when he was three and nine.He 4 remembered visiting some attractions in Hong Kong at nine years old.When he would play the 5 once again，he was very 6 and looked forward to bringing Chopin's music to the audience in Hong Kong as soon as possible. At the 7 in February at the Hong Kong City Hall，Liu played Chopin's two pieces of music，both of which he had played in the Warsaw competition.In the second half of the public performance of music，he played French composer Maurice Ravel's music.The applause and 8 from the audience made him return to the stage three times to take a 9 as a sign of politeness. Some say Liu's musical style is 10 ，with less romance but more 11 ．The young pianist just 12 to express his inner emotions clearly and directly.He 13 that if we still play the same music played 200 years ago，the way of playing will be undoubtedly different.To confirm it，he points out，“Austrian composer Mozart 14 Serenata Notturna (《月下小夜曲》) in a time of candles，but in the 21st century，we have electric lights—our way of living is 15 the way we play.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了华裔钢琴家刘晓禹及其艺术风格和文化意义。 1．A．refuse　　　　　　　 B．miss C．obtain D．admit 答案：C 解析：根据“Liu Xiaoyu，the Chinese-Canadian ever won first place in the 18th International Fryderyk Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw.”可知，刘晓禹是第二位获得这一荣誉的华裔钢琴家。故选C。 2．A．experience B．opinion C．proof D．show 答案：D 解析：根据“when he played at the 51st Hong Kong Arts Festival in February”可知，他在第51届香港艺术节上的演出是他在中国的第一次演出。故选D。 3．A．studied B．come C．taught D．performed 答案：B 解析：根据“However，it was his third trip to the special region.”可知，他三岁和九岁时曾两次来过这里。故选B。 4．A．particularly B．confusedly C．logically D．barely 答案：A 解析：根据“He had here twice before when he was three and nine.”可知，他三岁和九岁时曾两次来过这里时，他尤其记得九岁时参观了香港的一些景点。故选A。 5．A．cards B．compositions C．games D．sports 答案：B 解析：根据“he was very and looked forward to bringing Chopin's music to the audience in Hong Kong as soon as possible”可知，因为他可以再次演奏肖邦的作品，他非常兴奋。故选B。 6．A．excited B．ashamed C．plain D．abnormal 答案：A 解析：根据“When he would play the once again”可知，当他再次演奏肖邦的作品时，他非常兴奋。故选A。 7．A．competition B．concert C．exhibition D．conference 答案：B 解析：根据“When he would play the once again，he was very and looked forward to bringing Chopin's music to the audience in Hong Kong as soon as possible.”可知，他要在香港大会堂举行的音乐会上演奏。故选B。 8．A．reviews B．intervention C．cheers D．comfort 答案：C 解析：根据“made him return to the stage three times to take a as a sign of politeness”可知，观众的掌声和欢呼声使他三次回到舞台。故选C。 9．A．lead　　 B．breath C．rest　 D．bow 答案：D 解析：根据“The applause and from the audience made him return to the stage three times”可知，观众的掌声和欢呼声使他三次回到舞台鞠躬以示礼貌。故选D。 10．A．unique B．familiar C．conventional D．common 答案：A 解析：根据“with less romance but more ”可知，刘的音乐风格很独特。故选A。 11．A．theory B．conflict C．security D．clarity 答案：D 解析：根据“Some say Liu's musical style is ”可知，刘的音乐风格少了浪漫，多了清晰，是他的音乐的独特之处。故选D。 12．A．pretends B．seeks C．hesitates D．agrees 答案：B 解析：根据“to express his inner emotions clearly and directly”可知，他寻求清晰而直接地表达他内心的情感。故选B。 13．A．regrets　 B．warns C．ensures D．suspects 答案：C 解析：根据“The young pianist just to express his inner emotions clearly and directly.”可知，他确信，如果我们仍然演奏200年前演奏的音乐，演奏的方式无疑会不同。故选C。 14．A．analyzed B．displayed C．created D．recalled 答案：C 解析：根据Mozart(莫扎特)可知，莫扎特创作了《月下小夜曲》。故选C。 15．A．opposite to B．dependent on C．separated from D．connected with 答案：D 解析：根据“but in the 21st century，we have electric lights”可知，我们的生活方式与我们的娱乐方式联系在一起。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) (2024·安徽滁州中学高二上月考) The tea 1. has delighted and fascinated the world for millennia has finally received top-level 2. (globe) recognition as a shared cultural treasure of mankind. Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices in China 3. (be) added to UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on Tuesday，Nov.29th. The status was conferred by the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage，hosted in Rabat，Morocco.It consists 4. knowledge，skills and practices concerning management of tea plantations，picking of tea leaves，and the processing，drinking and sharing of tea. According to UNESCO，in China traditional tea processing techniques are 5. (close) associated with geographical location and natural environment.The techniques are mainly found in the provinces and autonomous regions，6. (include) Zhejiang，Jiangsu，Jiangxi，Hunan，Anhui，Hubei，Henan，Shaanxi，Yunnan，Guizhou，Sichuan，Fujian，Guangdong and Guangxi.Associated social practices，however，are spread throughout the country and 7._________ (share) by multiple ethnic groups. Over 2，000 tea 8. (variety)，mainly in six categories—green，black，yellow，oolong，white and dark，are grown in China. Tea-related customs are not only found across the country，9. influenced the rest of the world through the ancient Silk Road and trade routes. As a document from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism to UNESCO explained，tea is ubiquitous in Chinese people's daily life.Steeped or boiled tea is served in homes，workplaces，tea houses，restaurants，temples and used as 10. important medium for communication in socializing and ceremonies. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗被列入联合国教科文组织的人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。 1．答案：that/which　 解析：考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tea，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词引导从句。故填that/which。 2．答案：global　 解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰名词recognition，应用形容词形式作定语。故填global。 3．答案：were　 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语on Tuesday，Nov.29th可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，主语Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices是复数。故填were。 4．答案：of　 解析：考查介词。consist of为固定短语，意为“包括”。故填of。 5．答案：closely　 解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词associated，应用副词形式作状语。故填closely。 6．答案：including　 解析：考查介词。结合语意可知，此处表示包括所列举的省份以及自治区，空处应用介词，表示“包括”。故填including。 7．答案：shared　 解析：考查动词的语态。空处与are spread并列，作句子谓语，share与主语Associated social practices之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，省略be动词are。故填shared。 8．答案：varieties　 解析：考查名词的单复数。空前由Over 2，000修饰，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填varieties。 9．答案：but　 解析：考查连词。not only...but (also)．..为固定短语，意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。 10．答案：an　 解析：考查冠词。结合语意可知，此处表示“一个重要的媒介”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，important发音是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$