Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking—Language points-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking—Language points ◎核心单词——练通 1．a sharp decrease 急剧下降 2．raw materials 原材料 3．provide a link 提供联系 4．replace the handle 替换手柄 5．the one to blame 应受责备的那个 6．pure water 纯净水 7．severe diseases 严重的疾病 8．have no proof 没有证据 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 →severely adv. 严重地；严厉地 2．contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 →contradict v． 同……矛盾；否认，反驳 3．infection n． 感染；传染 →infect vt. 使感染；传染 4．transform vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变 →transformation n． 改观；改变 5．proof n． 证据；证明；检验 →prove v． 证明；结果是 6．pure adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的 →purely adv. 完全；仅仅 7．suspect vt.&vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 n． 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 →suspicion n． 怀疑；嫌疑 →suspicious adj. 怀疑的 规律探究·知识横拓 规律：-ion表示“动作的行为、状态”，多用于动词变名词。 示例：create vt.创造→ creation n．创造；原创 invent v．发明 → invention n．发明　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．according to statistics 　　　 根据统计数字 2．feel frustrated 感到沮丧 3．a substantial number 巨大的数量 4．multiple choices 多样的选择 5．kill germs 杀菌 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．最终地；彻底地 once and for all 2．因为，作为……的结果 as a result of 3．幸亏；由于 thanks to 4．有可能去做某事 be likely to do sth 5．照顾，照料 attend to 6．(对某事)负有责任 be to blame (for) 第二组　英译汉 7．subscribe to 同意；赞同 8．water pump 水泵 9．in general 一般地；从总体上看 10．stop in one's tracks 突然中止 11．find out 弄清楚，查明 12．what's more 另外，而且 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．[句型公式]　It seems/seemed that... 看起来，似乎…… [教材原句]　It seemed that the woman liked(看起来这位女士喜欢) the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 2．[句型公式]　“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”省略结构 [教材原句]　Fortunately，we now know how to prevent(如何预防)cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow. 3．[句型公式]　more...than比较结构句型 [教材原句]　The people who drank this water were much more likely to(更有可能)get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. 学生用书↓第8页 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 infection n．感染；传染 (教材原句)The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. 另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。 (1)infect vt.　　　 使感染；传染 infect...with... 把……传染给……；用……感染…… be infected with 染上……；感染了…… (2)infected adj. 感染病菌的 infectious adj. 传染性的，感染的 单句语法填空/读后续写之情绪描写 (1)Many people in the city have been infected(infect)with the flu virus. (2)The virus quickly spread through the school，infecting(infect) several students and teachers. (3)她的笑声感染了整个房间，让在场的每个人都感受到了快乐和幸福。 Her laughter infected the entire room，spreading joy and happiness among everyone present. subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费) (教材原句) Snow subscribed to the second theory.斯诺赞同第二种看法。 (1)subscribe to　　 同意；赞同；捐助；订阅；预订 subscribe...to... 签署；捐赠 (2)subscription n. 订购款，订阅；定期捐款 subscriber n. 捐赠者；订阅人 单句语法填空/读后续写之心理活动 (1)To subscribe to a service，you typically need to follow the instructions by the provider. (2)We have subscribed(subscribe) to at least three kinds of monthly magazines so far. (3)她认真思考后决定订阅这个新闻杂志，以便跟上时事。 She decided to subscribe to the news magazine after careful consideration in order to stay updated. [名师点津]　subscribe to表示“同意；赞同”时，to是介词，后常跟view，belief，theory等词作宾语。 suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 (教材原句) Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。 suspect sth　　　　　　 怀疑某物 suspect sb/sth to be... 怀疑某人/某物是…… suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做)某事 suspect＋that从句 怀疑…… 单句语法填空/读后续写之心理描写 (1)I have no reason to suspect(suspect) her honesty. (2)Two suspects(suspect)in connection with the case are now being questioned. (3)I suspect that employee of stealing documents from the company. (4)我怀疑他对中国传统文化有深刻的理解。 I suspect that he has a deep understanding of traditional Chinese culture. 学生用书↓第9页 blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n．责备；指责 (教材原句) Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。 (1)blame sb for...　 因……责怪某人 blame sth on sb/sth 把某事的责任归咎于…… (be) to blame (for...) (因……)应受责备 (2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth 对某事负责任 单句语法填空/应用文写作之道歉信 (1)Don't blame others for your mistakes；take responsibility and learn from them. (2)Instead of blaming(blame) the weather for our cancelled plans，let's find an alternative activity. (3)Everybody knows the boy to blame(blame) for this problem. (4)我为自己的误解感到自责，并对由此带来的不便深表歉意。 I blame myself for the misunderstanding and I sincerely apologize for any inconvenience caused. [温馨提示]　to blame不定式结构主动表示被动，不能使用其不定式被动形式；to blame可作表语，也可作后置定语。 link n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 (教材原句)Moreover，Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.此外，斯诺后来还发现了其他霍乱病例与伦敦市内不同供水公司之间的联系。 (1)a link between...and... ……与……之间的联系/纽带 (2)link...with/to... 将……与……连接起来 be linked with/to... 与……相关联 (3)link up (with...) (与……)连接；结合 单句语法填空/高考在线真句补全 (1)Most of us subscribe to the idea that there is a strong link between smoking and lung disease. (2)English teaching needs to be linked up with the cultural teaching. (3)(2023·全国乙卷)It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature(把家和自然联系起来)． (4)【中国元素】　这条古老的丝绸之路在古时候把中国和西方连接了起来。 This old Silk Road linked China with/to the West in ancient times. transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变 (教材原句)Moreover，in his use of maps and statistics，Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. 此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家们研究疾病的方式。 (1)transform...into... 把……变成……　 transform from...to... 从……转变为……；转化 (2)transformation n. 变形；变质；变化 transformer n. 变压器 单句语法填空/高考真句赏析翻译 (1)During the past 20 years，the country has been transformed(transform) into an advanced industrial power. (2)It is high time that the old education systems were transformed(transform)． (3)The personal journey I went on last month was a true transformation(transform) for myself. 学生用书↓第10页 (4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. 最近，由于书籍变得便宜，甚至是一次性的，艺术家们把它们作为艺术品的原材料——把封面、书页甚至整卷书变成绘画和雕塑。 thanks to 幸亏；由于 (教材原句)Fortunately，we now know how to prevent cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow. 幸运地是，多亏了约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。 (1)thanks to　　　　　　 由于 thanks for 因……感谢 (2)表示“由于；因为”的短语还有： owing to，due to，because of，as a result of，on account of等。 完成句子/补全句子 (1)大卫说：“多亏了你的鼓励和帮助，我才能参加越野长跑。”感激的泪水在他的眼里闪烁。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)“Thanks to your encouragement and help，I could take part in the cross-country run，” David said，with tears of gratitude shining in his eyes. (2)(2023·全国乙卷)It's thanks to these TV chefs(正是因为这些电视节目大厨)rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. serve vt.招待；服务；提供；为……服务 vi.可用作 (教材原句) He was ready to serve dinner to his friends...他准备把晚餐端给他的朋友们…… (1)serve sb with sth＝serve sb sth 向某人提供某物；用某物招待某人 serve sth to sb 用某物招待某人 (2)serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务 serve in the army 在部队服役 (3)serve as 充当；担任 单句语法填空/高考真句赏析翻译 (1)As a waiter，now he is serving(serve) customers with excellent service in the restaurant. (2)The hotel usually serves(serve) tea at three.Don't miss it. (3)The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others. (4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)To serve its function，a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes written down or words underlined. 为了发挥它的功能，一本书必须由用户激活：打开封面，打开书页，查看内容，也许是写笔记或画下划线。 [温馨提示]　serve表示“为……服务”，是及物动词，不和for连用。 make sense 讲得通；有意义 (教材原句) Targeting the host rather than the infection was a bit non-traditional but made sense because it was tricky to target the virus.以宿主而不是感染为目标有点非传统，但很重要，因为很难以该病毒作为目标。 学生用书↓第11页 (1)not make (any) sense 没有意义，不合逻辑 make no/little sense 没道理；没意义 (2)make sense of 理解；弄懂 (3)in a sense 在某种意义上 in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装) (4)There is no sense in doing sth 做某事是没有道理的完成句子 (1)We read through the poem，but could not make sense of it(无法理解它)． (2)It doesn't make sense(没有什么意义)to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. (3)There is no sense in complaining(抱怨没有意义)．We should take action now. 认知深化 一、一词多义——subscribe to 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇的意思 A．订阅　B．赞成；同意　C．捐助 1．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)Bernard excitedly subscribed to my idea of making popcorn to earn some money.B 2．It was the outstanding astronomer who always subscribed to our school，for which we were sincerely grateful.C 3．To broaden our horizons and enrich our school life，we students willingly subscribe to China Daily.A 二、熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 1．(读后续写之情绪描写) My heart was pumping with extreme excitement.快速运动 2．They were arrested for handling stolen goods.买；卖　　 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”省略结构 (教材原句) Fortunately，we now know how to prevent cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow. 幸运地是，多亏了约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。 (1)“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”省略结构多在不强调主语或者句中有动作执行者时使用，其功能相当于名词性从句。 (2)用于该句型的常见特殊疑问词有who，what，which，how，when，where，whether等。 完成句子/高考真句赏析翻译 (1)I was totally at a loss，not knowing what to say(该说什么)． (2)He was still not sure whether to go there or not(是否去那儿)． (3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism，including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works，and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. 这本书的目的是为数字极简主义做一个案例，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么它有效，然后教你如何采用这种哲学，如果你认为它适合你。 学生用书↓第12页 句型公式：so(...) that句型 (教材原句) Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. 于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。 (1)so that可以引导结果状语从句或者目的状语从句。 (2)so...that引导从句时，so必须修饰形容词或者副词。 (3)such...that引导从句时，such必须修饰名词短语。 完成句子 (1)There are so many cars in the street that(那么多的车在街上以至于) I couldn't get through. (2)She spoke so quietly that(说话那么轻以至于) I could hardly hear her. (3)【中国元素】　他在学习中文，以便能够与中国的朋友交流。 He is learning Chinese so that he can communicate with his friends from China. 维度一　品句填词 1．He is good at handling(操纵) the huge calculating machine. 2．There is no doubt that steak was raw(生的) in the middle. 3. Fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple(数量多的) date and start time options. 4．The country is suffering from severe(十分严重的) economic problems. 5．I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame(责怪) for Miller's accident. 6．They are determined to transform(改变) the mountain in five years. 7．These results are a further proof of his outstanding ability. 8．If you subscribe to an opinion or belief，you are one of a number of people who have this opinion. 维度二　词形转换 1．I helped him purely(pure) out of friendship. 2．Which virus caused the infection(infect) is still unknown. 3．He failed in the exam again，which made him frustrated(frustrate)． 4．The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation(transform)． 5．Some social app companies were to blame(blame) because they didn't adequately check their users' registration. 6．Suspecting(suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs，the customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase. 7．Many people felt he would be angry to the idea of foreign intervention(intervene)． 8．The contradictory(contradict) interests of producers and consumers will never end. 维度三　固定搭配和句式 1．警方把这起交通事故归咎于他的粗心驾驶。(blame...on) The police blamed the traffic accident on his careless driving. 2．医生怀疑他可能有心脏病。(suspect that) Doctors suspect that he may have a heart condition. 3．据报道，每年有数百万人死于吸烟引起的疾病。(die from) It's reported that millions of people die from illnesses caused by smoking every year. 学生用书↓第13页 4．她逛公园时包被人偷了。(have sth done) She had her bag stolen when she visited the park. 5．这是一个如此具有挑战性的工作，我自己无法完成。(so...that...) It is so challenging a job that I can't finish it on my own. 维度四　教材知识迁移 　　阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(黑体词为本单元词汇复现) 　　In the 19th century，London 1.was struck(strike) by a severe outbreak of cholera，a deadly 2.infection(infect) that frightened multiple households.Many people had 3.contradictory(contradict) beliefs and some blamed the disease 4.on bad air.However，John Snow，a physician，had a different suspicion.He 5.subscribed(subscribe) to the theory that cholera was caused by polluted water，a new concept at the time. 　　Through tireless investigation and the collection of substantial 6.proof(prove)，Snow linked the cases of cholera to a specific water pump on Broad Street.His statistical analysis revealed a remarkable decrease in cholera cases in households 7.that/who did not use this particular water source.This intervention led to the transformation of the understanding of cholera，8. paving(pave) the way for modern public health practices. 　　Snow's pioneering work in 9.handling(handle) the cholera outbreak was 10.a turning point in the history of epidemiology.His creative approach and inspiring thinking changed the way infectious diseases were approached and managed.John Snow's successful intervention in the cholera epidemic not only saved lives in his time but also continues to inspire future generations in the ongoing battle against infectious diseases. 课时测评2　Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking—Language points (时间：45分钟　满分：61分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础语境练] Ⅰ.根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 (每小题1分，共8分) 1．The infection(感染)spread quickly through the crowded city. 2．Eco-friendly products are gaining popularity in many households(家庭)． 3．The cook used raw(生的) materials to prepare the salad. 4．The repair worker replaced the pump(水泵) in the car's engine. 5．The statistics(统计数字) showed a shocking increase in crime rates. 6．The severe weather conditions forced the school to close for the day. 7．Regular exercise can decrease the risk of heart disease. 8．The scientist discovered a link between genetics and certain diseases. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Technology has the power to transform(transform)traditional industries. 2．She felt frustrated (frustrate) with the slow progress of the project. 3．All the computers have been linked(link) to the Internet in our office so far. 4．The driver's careless driving of the car should be blamed (blame) for the accident. 5．The number of people riding motorcycles without helmets is on the decrease. 6．Sarah's poor handling (handle) of the situation resulted in a major misunderstanding among the team members. 7．The purity (pure) of the water in the mountain stream was obvious by its clear and untouched appearance. 8．Suspecting (suspect)nothing，he walked right into the trap. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题3分，共15分) 1．多亏了他的努力，他成功实现了自己多年来一直在努力争取的目标。(thanks to；人物行为描写) Thanks to his hard work，he was able to achieve his goal he had been working towards for years. 2．我们需要一劳永逸地解决这个问题，这样才不会在将来再带来任何麻烦。(once and for all；心理活动描写) We need to settle this matter once and for all，so that it doesn't cause any more problems in the future. 3．过去人们倾向于通过订阅报纸来了解最新动态。(subscribe to；行为习惯描写) In the past people tended to subscribe to newspapers to stay updated on the latest developments. 4．她决定在家庭聚会前找人把房子装饰一下。(have sth done；心理活动描写) She decided to have the house decorated before the family gathering. 5．天气似乎要放晴了，但接着又开始下雨了。(seem 句型；天气场景描写) It seemed that the weather was going to clear up，but then it started raining again. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 (每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·安徽安庆一中高二上阶段考试) 　　Across the planet，animals drop everything to walk，fly or swim to a new place.Some animals such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents.Others，including small songbirds，gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code.And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration. 　　Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model，and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way.The Cory's shearwater is an oceangoing seabird that migrates over the Atlantic every year.The young do not migrate with their parents，so culture cannot explain their journeys.And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual，making genetics equally unlikely. 　　Cory's shearwaters are long-lived，rarely producing young successfully before age nine.This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”，and until now it has been hypothetical (假设的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals' movements. 　　But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators(定位器) to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine.They found that younger birds traveled longer distances，for longer periods，and had more diverse paths than older birds.“We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration-refinement’ for migratory birds，” says Letizia Campioni，who led the study.Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults—but they do not，suggesting that the young do more exploring，which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course. 　　“Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies，exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes，” says Barbara Frei.“It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe.” 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物迁徙的遗传和文化两种模式，以及一种鸟类通过探索和精炼学习迁徙模式的特殊方式。 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．It describes animals' habitats. B．It compares different species. C．It talks about migration models. D．It introduces a tracking technology. 答案：C 解析：段落大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知，这一段主要描述了动物的不同的迁徙模式。故选C。 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The opening for learning and practice. B．The unique living habit of Cory's shearwaters. C．The process scientists track Cory's shearwaters' movements. D．The way Cory's shearwaters form their migration patterns. 答案：D 解析：代词指代题。根据画线单词上文“Cory's shearwaters are long-lived，rarely producing young successfully before age nine.This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.”可知，上文提到了该海鸥长寿的特点以及其不断开发迁徙模式。由此可知，画线单词“This”指的是该海鸥形成这种迁徙模式的方法。故选D。 3．What does Letizia's study find about the younger Cory's shearwaters? A．They travel as much as adult birds. B．They lower the speed for exploration. C．They move in a predictable manner. D．They look for a course with their parents. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults...which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.”可知，年轻的科里海鸥为了进行更多的探索而降低了自己的飞行速度。故选B。 4．What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A．Exploration refinement contributes to birds' adaptability. B．Man-made changes make migration easier. C．Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track. D．A combination of strategies assures migration success. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies...but might no longer be safe.”可知，这种鸟类的这种探索改进虽然效率低，但是更有助于鸟类在这个瞬息万变的世界存活下去，也就是说探索迁徙路线会有助于鸟类的适应性。故选A。 B (2024·广东“深惠湛东”四校高二联考) 　　Contrary to popular opinion，the scientific pursuit(追求) of knowledge is not a predictable and well-defined process.To make new discoveries，researchers need the freedom to be creative，fail，and learn by chance.There is the romantic idea of the scientist who has a eureka moment(顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights.Another impression is that research only includes formal steps.Neither of those ideas is correct. 　　“Science and art are two different ways to make something understandable or imaginable，” says biochemistry professor Dolf Weijers.“From the outside，the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy.But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way.Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and establish links.” 　　There is an intersection(交点) between science and art.This is why scientists of Wageningen UR look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to amplify creative freedom.Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel，together with other scientists and artists，have designed a plan to learn from each other and to exchange ideas.One example is the recent and special project in which they measured the forces that act on plant cells.A molecular(分子的) sensor was used to bring out the different forces.They showed the results using colourful images，each representing a different force. 　　What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society.There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science.“The wrong impression is often created because only the results of scientific studies are presented，and people do not have any insight into the artistic process leading to discovery.As a scientist you will be criticized if you say that something is different a few years later.Then you are viewed as unreliable.But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science，” says Weijers. 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了艺术在科学研究中的作用以及艺术与科学之间的关联。 5．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．The purpose of scientific research. B．The views on scientific research. C．The attitude to scientific research. D．The hardship of scientific research. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的“Contrary to popular opinion，the scientific pursuit(追求) of knowledge is not a predictable and well-defined process.”，“There is the romantic idea of the scientist who...”，“Another impression is that...”和“Neither of those ideas is correct.”可知，第一段主要讨论对科学研究的认识问题。故选B。 6．What can we know from Weijers's view? A．The research process and the artistic process are totally different. B．The scientific process always unfolds in an unpredictable way. C．Scientists should have creative and associative thinking. D．The artistic process is too messy to be used in research. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段 Weijers说的话的最后一句“Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and establish links.”可知，Weijers认为创造和联想思维对科学家获得见解和建立联系非常重要，即科学家应该有创造和联想思维。故选C。 7．What does the underlined word “amplify” mean in the third paragraph? A．Design. B．Reduce. C．Limit. D．Increase. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。画线词上文“There is an intersection(交点) between science and art.”说明了科学和艺术之间有交集。结合第二段中的“Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists”可知，创造和联想思维对科学家非常重要。画线词所在句意为“这就是为什么瓦格宁根大学的科学家们期待从艺术家那里得到灵感，并就如何 amplify 创造性自由交换意见。”由此可知，画线词与D项意思相近。故选D。 8．Why does the author mention Weijers's research on plant cells? A．To display the beauty of colourful images. B．To stress the importance of thinking freely. C．To present the findings of his recent project. D．To show the connection between science and art. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“There is an intersection(交点) between science and art.”可知，本段主要讲科学和艺术之间有交集。第三句“Weijers and his colleague...and to exchange ideas.”讲到一些科学家和艺术家设计了一个互相学习、交流想法的计划，而 Weijers关于植物细胞的研究就是其中的一个例子，所以作者谈到 Weijers的研究就是想说明艺术与科学之间的交叉融合，表明艺术与科学的联系。故选 D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) Tornadoes (2024·北师大二附中高二上期中) 　　Tornadoes are essentially funnels of air rotating as fast as 300 miles per hour.Of course，not all tornadoes are so dangerous. 1 Such small tornadoes occur in many places around the world，even in southern Taiwan，where several are usually reported every spring. 　　It is，however，the big tornadoes that receive the most attention. 2 There can be flocks of dead birds dropping out of the sky，chickens still alive but with all of their feathers gone，pieces of straw stuck in trees.In a 1999 US storm，violent winds from one tornado lifted a church into the air and dropped it onto a house.In the same storm，a baby was whipped from its mother's arms and，miraculously，found alive in a nearby tree. 　　 3 Although scientists now know a great deal about tornadoes，they still cannot determine exactly when and where one will form.In addition，the path of a tornado can also be impossible to predict.It is unlikely to move in a straight line，and will often turn quickly.A tornado might blow down a line of houses，then suddenly lift up and leave one home unhurt，then touch back down and destroy the rest of the line. 　　To better understand tornadoes，scientists have developed special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-monitoring equipment that allow them to make close-up observations of these dangerous storms.Radar equipment is put on trucks and driven near a tornado，where it records wind speeds and other weather data. 4 　 　　In addition，better communication and warning systems are also helping to reduce deaths and injuries in many tornado-prone areas.Radio and television warnings as well as sirens help to alert people to potential danger.Public awareness is also important.When tornadoes do occur，people must act quickly.They should move immediately to a safe place such as a basement or under a strong stairway and cover themselves with blankets or heavy coats. 5 A．Either big storms or small ones can form quickly causing damage to some degree. B．These bring not only death and destruction，but also stories of strange phenomena. C．Many more are small storms that form quickly and disappear，causing little or no damage. D．A tornado can arrive so unexpectedly that a matter of seconds can mean the difference between life and death. E．Driving the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado is a best job that can be quite dangerous. F．What makes tornadoes so dangerous is not just their great power but also their unpredictable nature. G．Scientists often have to drive the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado—a job that can be quite dangerous! 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了龙卷风的形成及其特点等相关信息。 1．答案：C 解析：根据下文“Such small tornadoes occur in many places around the world，even in southern Taiwan，where several are usually reported every spring.”可知，此处应该提到了一些小型龙卷风。由此推断，C项(更多的是迅速形成并消失的小风暴，造成很少损害或没有损害)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。 2．答案：B 解析：根据上文“It is，however，the big tornadoes that receive the most attention.”及下文“There can be flocks of dead birds dropping out of the sky，chickens still alive but with all of their feathers gone，pieces of straw stuck in trees.”并结合常识可知，大型龙卷风会造成死亡和破坏，从而备受关注，还会造成一些奇怪的现象。由此推断，B项(这些不仅带来了死亡和破坏，还带来了奇怪现象的故事)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 3．答案：D 解析：根据下文“Although scientists now know a great deal about tornadoes，they still cannot determine exactly when and where one will form.In addition，the path of a tornado can also be impossible to predict.”可知，龙卷风的到来是出人意料的。由此推断，D项(龙卷风的到来非常出人意料，几秒钟的时间就意味着生与死的差别)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选D。 4．答案：G 解析：根据上文“To better understand tornadoes...where it records wind speeds and other weather data.”可知，科学家们驾驶带有雷达设备的卡车，追踪龙卷风、记录数据。由此推断，G项(科学家们经常不得不驾驶雷达数百英里去追踪龙卷风——这是一项相当危险的工作！)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。 5．答案：F 解析：根据上文“In addition，better communication and warning systems are also helping to reduce deaths and...and cover themselves with blankets or heavy coats.”可知，上文讲到了对龙卷风的预防和防范；由此推知，此处是对上文采取措施的原因陈述，也是对全文的总结。由此判断，F项(龙卷风之所以如此危险，不仅是因为它的威力巨大，还因为它的不可预测性)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$