Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar(1)-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar(1) 进行时态 语法串烧 我的发现 Boys and girls！Today I will be speaking① to you about drones(无人机). During the last few years，scientists have been developing② many kinds of drones，which have already been used for all kinds of fields，such as photography，scientific research and military operations. At the moment，delivery drones that are mainly used for military action and disaster relief are the most popular.Just before the 20th century，most people had been using ③ trains and boats for long traveling.But now we can assume that with improved technology in passenger drones，we will be entering④ the age of personal flying vehicles. 句中黑体部分在时态上均属进行时态，其中句①④是将来进行时态，其构成是will be doing；句②是现在完成进行时态，其构成是have/has been doing；句③是过去完成进行时态，其构成是had been doing。 考点1　现在完成进行时 1．构成：have/has＋been＋动词-ing形式 2．用法 (1)表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，将来还可能延续下去，强调动作的延续性。这种时态常和all the time，this week，this month，all day，all the morning，these days，recently等时间状语连用，还常与since和for构成的时间状语连用。 学生用书↓第15页 The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end. 学生们一直在努力学习功课，他们的努力最终将会获得成功的回报。 (2)表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。 He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 自从任教以来，他一直在为报刊和杂志撰稿。 (3)表示动作刚刚结束，该动作一般不再继续，有时会指出结果。 I have been playing ping-pong all morning，so I'm sweating. 整个上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以我浑身是汗。 (4)表示某种感情色彩。 You know，you really have been making things terribly difficult for him. 你要知道，你真是太为难他了。 3．现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 区别 时态 基本语法功能 动作的反复 感情色彩 现在完成进行时 强调动作的持续性 可表示动作的反复 可表示强烈的感情色彩 现在完成时 强调动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 不表示动作的反复 一般平铺直叙，不含有感情色彩 [巧学活用1]——用所给词的正确形式填空 1．He has been coughing (cough) a lot.He should go to see a doctor. 2．She has been studying (study)English since she left school. 3．Many people around the world have been enjoying (enjoy) city centre streets without cars for many years. 4．Both his parents look sad.Maybe they have known(know) what's happened to him. 考点2　过去完成进行时 1．构成：had＋been＋动词-ing形式 2．用法 表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，到过去某一时间仍在进行或刚刚结束。和过去完成时一样，过去完成进行时也必须以过去的时间为前提。上下文清楚时，可省略时间状语。 They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came. 他们只等了一会儿，公交车就来了。 3．过去完成进行时与过去完成时的区别 过去完成时通常表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作或状态；过去完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。 She had cleaned the office，so it was very tidy. 她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。(强调结果) She had been cleaning the office，so we had to wait outside. 她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。(强调动作一直在进行) 学生用书↓第16页 [巧学活用2]——补全句子 1．The teacher told us that he had been teaching English (一直教英语) since he came here. 2．He had been doing research (一直在做研究) in the US for many years，but when he came back，he became a businessman. 3．I had been waiting (一直在等) here for an hour before she called on me. 4．He had finished the report (完成了这份报告) before I came back. 考点3　将来进行时 1．构成：will/shall be＋动词-ing形式 2．用法 (1)表示将来某一时间段内或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 Don't phone me between 8：00 and 9：00 tomorrow.I'll be having classes then. 明天8点到9点之间不要给我打电话，那时我正在上课。 (2)表示已经安排好将来某一时间段内或某一时刻要发生的动作。 Tom will be seeing his friend off at the airport at 6 o'clock this afternoon. 汤姆今天下午六点将在机场为他的朋友送行。 (3)用于询问别人的计划、打算，这比用一般将来时显得更礼貌；也可用于表示语气较缓和的命令。 Will you be staying here long? 你会长时间待在这儿吗？ If you will be needing me for help，please let me know. 如果你需要我的帮助，请告诉我。 3．将来进行时与一般将来时的区别 将来进行时表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作；而一般将来时表示将来要做的事，不表示动作正在进行。 I will be reading a book at 10：00 tomorrow morning. 明天上午10点我将正在看书。 It is a terribly heavy box.Don't worry.I'll help you to carry it. 这是一个很重的箱子。别担心，让我来帮你搬它。 [巧学活用3]——用所给词的正确形式填空 1．It will be raining (rain) all day on Sunday，so the party will be in the house，not in the garden. 2．This book is so interesting that I will be reading (read) it by this time next year! 3．Mrs Wang will be staying (stay) with her friends when she goes to Hainan. 4．You will feel (feel) better if you take the medicine. 课时测评3　Section Ⅲ　Grammar(1) (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　基础题型练(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Your uncle will be visiting (visit) us for the following holidays. 2．I had been lying (lie) to myself，pretending that everything was fine. 3．We had been waiting (wait) for him over an hour when he finally arrived. 4．By this time next month，we will be lying (lie) on the beach sunbathing. 5．I have been learning/have learnt (learn) dancing for more than ten years. 6．It is about strengthening my time management in study，to which I have been sticking (stick) for about a month. 7．Since my early age，I have been admiring (admire) tour guides who travel worldwide. 8．With a rapid spread of the virus，schools have been taking/have taken (take) various preventive measures. 9．There are many good qualities that have been passed (pass) from generation to generation in my family. 10．Seeing this，I couldn't help wondering how she had been going (go) to great lengths to give such a fantastic performance. 维度二　语法与写作(每小题2分，共10分) 1．自从我回到学校以来，我一直在努力学习。 I have been studying hard since I went back to school. 2．我们已经互相通信多年了，可是我实际上从未见过他本人。 We have corresponded with each other for years，but I've never actually met him. 3．很抱歉这个周六下午我不能去拜访你，因为那时我要代表我的班级去听一个关于垃圾分类的讲座。 I am sorry for being unable to visit you this Saturday afternoon because I will be attending a lecture about garbage classification on behalf of my class at that time. 4．你在北京学习已经快一个月了，在这期间你一定取得了很多成就。 You have been studying in Beijing for nearly a month，during which you must have achieved a lot. 5．疯狂的影迷们已经耐心地等了两个小时，他们要等到这位电影明星到来。 The crazy fans had been waiting with patience for two hours，and they would wait till the movie star arrived. 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题1分，共5分) 用所给词的正确形式完成语段 The eager fans 1.had arrived (arrive) at the stadium before it was opened.They 2.had been waiting (wait) for 3 hours before they finally got the tickets for the basketball match.Now they 3.are watching (watch) the match excitedly and they 4.have been enjoying (enjoy) it for 2 hours already.They hope they 5.will be watching (watch) another football match at this time next week. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共35分) A (2024·福建省三校协作高二摸底考试) For more than 50 years，Sesame Street has been introducing children to a diverse group of characters，cast members and puppeteers (木偶师)．Megan Piphus Peace is one of them：In late 2021，she became the show's first full-time black woman puppeteer，playing a 6-year-old black girl named Gabrielle.Last month，she officially left her real estate career.“I always dreamed of working in television，but I never imagined myself being on Sesame Street，” she says. Piphus Peace，now 29，grew up watching Sesame Street.As a young child，she considered the puppets to be her companions，not realizing until she was older that they weren't real.She has been pursuing puppeteering since then.At Vanderbilt University，where she studied economics，she was known as the “Vanderbilt Ventriloquist (腹语表演者)”．She even appeared on the Tonight Show in 2012 and America's Got Talent in 2013. One of Piphus Peace's teachers，Leslie Carrara-Rudolph，who played the Sesame Street character Abby Cadabby in 2006，says that Piphus Peace is a gifted storyteller and natural leader.“To say that I was amazed by Megan would be an understatement，” Carrara-Rudolph says.“I was inspired by her loving heart，strength of character，humour，humanity and what an energetic creative force she is.” Although Piphus Peace submitted her first video audition (试演) to Sesame Street in 2017，she didn't hear back until 2020，when Matt Vogel，the puppet captain of the show，reached out to her.“She comes from a different kind of puppetry background than most of other Sesame Street puppet performers，” Vogel says.“We went to college to learn puppetry，or acting schools，etc.，but Megan learned the art of ventriloquism by herself.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Megan Piphus Peace对木偶的喜爱以及别人对她的评价。 1．What do we know about Piphus Peace? A．She used to work in television. B．She is now part of Sesame Street. C．She was called Gabrielle at a young age. D．She has been a puppeteer for over 50 years. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“For more than 50 years...playing a 6-year-old black girl named Gabrielle.”可知，Piphus Peace现在是芝麻街的一员，故选B。 2．How did Piphus Peace look at the puppets in her childhood? A．She thought they were unreal. B．She considered them to be humorous. C．She found it hard to distinguish them. D．She regarded them as her friends. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“As a young child...they weren't real.”可知，Piphus Peace小时候将玩偶当成自己的朋友，故选D。 3．What does Paragraph 3 strongly stress? A．Carrara-Rudolph's impact on Piphus Peace. B．The striking characteristics of Sesame Street. C．Carrara-Rudolph's opinion of Piphus Peace. D．The character Abby Cadabby in Sesame Street. 答案：C 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段重点强调了Carrara-Rudolph对Piphus Peace的看法，故选C。 4．Why is Piphus Peace different from most other performers according to Vogel? A．She is a self-trained ventriloquist. B．She is the most popular performer. C．She has played many different characters. D．She is the only female actress in the show. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She comes from a different kind of...but Megan learned the art of ventriloquism by herself.”可知，Vogel说Piphus Peace与其他大多数表演者不同，是因为她是个自学成才的腹语者。故选A。 B (2024·河南驻马店高二联考) Telling jokes requires intelligence，creativity，imagination and the ability to tell a story，while listening to jokes is more passive behaviour but one that demands attention，intelligence and being in the right mood in order to enjoy jokes.Besides，there are also clear similarities between joke tellers and appreciators.A new study takes this further and tries to find other connections between creating humour and appreciating humour. The author carried on the cartoon caption (字幕) task.159 participants were shown more than 30 cartoons without captions and were asked to come up with a funny caption for each one of them.Later，independent judges classified those captions based on how funny they were. The results showed that those who produced the funniest captions also produced more captions overall.What was more interesting was that creating funny captions was negatively related to appreciation of humour.In other words，funny people tend to find jokes less funny than other people do.It is not clear why this is the case，but it might be because creators of great humour have higher standards of humour creativity and expect higher levels of creativity from people who tell jokes，compared to those who are not so good at creating humour. Moreover，outgoing people and those who are open to new experiences found the cartoons funnier，but surprisingly，outgoing people are less likely to be funny.This is consistent with my own research that comedians were more introverted than the general population.They usually don't like to express themselves in social situations. Appreciation and production of humour are two different cognitive (认知的) tasks，each with unique characteristics.This is why when someone tells you he or she has a great sense of humour，you may ask，“Are you good at telling jokes or do you tend to laugh more？” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了讲笑话的人和欣赏笑话的人的共同之处是聪明才智，一项新的研究对此进行了进一步研究，并试图找到创造幽默和欣赏幽默之间的其他联系。文章解释了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。 5．What qualities do joke tellers and appreciators have in common? A．Attention. B．Creativity. C．Imagination. D．Intelligence. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Telling jokes requires intelligence...in the right mood in order to enjoy jokes.”可知，讲笑话的人和欣赏笑话的人的共同之处是聪明才智。故选D。 6．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The results of the study. B．The process of the study. C．The judgement of the study. D．The importance of the study. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段的主要内容是研究的过程。故选B。 7．According to the text，outgoing people ． A．are good at appreciating humour B．are more likely to be comedians C．are more likely to be funny D．are unwilling to express themselves in social situations 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Moreover，outgoing people and those...are less likely to be funny.”可推知，外向的人善于欣赏幽默。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2024·河南省开封市高二月考) Laughter is the best medicine.It helps solve problems，improve relationships，and support both physical and emotional health. 1 Read the following suggestions and learn to make laughter part of your life. Laugh at yourself.Laughing at yourself is one of the biggest differences between happy people and unhappy people.It tells both you and the people around you that it's no big deal.So be brave enough to share the moments when you feel embarrassed. 2 When something negative happens，try to make it a humorous story that will make you and others laugh. 3 Keep a toy on your desk or in your car.Put up a funny poster in your office.Choose a computer screensaver(屏幕保护程序) that makes you laugh.Frame photos of you and your family or friends having fun.All of these are good resources of laughter. Spend time with funny people.Even if you don't consider yourself a humorous person，you can still seek out new friends who are ready to laugh and who can make you laugh.These are people who find humour in everyday events.Their playful points of view and laughter are contagious (有感染力的)． 4 Don't spend a day without laughing.Set aside 10 minutes each day to do something that amuses you.You can watch some humorous videos or look at some funny photos online. 5 Try thinking back to a joke you heard or read，or a comedy you watched. As long as you have a joyful heart and purposely make time to laugh，you'll be amazed at how differently you will begin to view your job，your family，your relationships and yourself. A．Surround yourself with amusing reminders to make your face light up. B．If you can't find any humour at hand，recall something funny. C．When you are around them，you'll be more likely to laugh，too. D．But not everyone is good at laughing sincerely and accurately. E．Try to schedule this right after the most stressful part of your day. F．Attempt to laugh at your awkward situations rather than regret them. G．Avoid negative people and don't hold on to things that make you unhappy. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。笑是最好的药。它有助于解决问题、改善关系、维持身心健康。文章就如何让笑成为生活的一部分提出了一些建议。 1．答案：D 解析：由设空处前面提到的“笑是最好的药，它帮助解决问题，改善关系，维持身体和情感健康”以及设空处后面提到的“看看下面的建议，学会让笑成为你的生活的一部分”可知，设空处应该起到承上启下的过渡作用，D选项“但并不是每个人都擅长真诚而准确地笑”与上文构成转折关系，同时衔接下文，符合语境。 2．答案：F 解析：本段开头第一句就是本段主旨：笑自己。设空处上文讲到“勇敢地分享你的尴尬时刻”，空后讲到“当消极的事情发生时，努力把它变成一个幽默的故事，让你和其他人都笑起来”，F选项“试着笑你的尴尬处境，而不是惋惜它们”与前后两句共同说明了如何“笑自己”，符合语境。上文中的Laugh at yourself.与选项中laugh at your awkward situations对应，embarrassed与awkward对应。 3．答案：A 解析：设空处为本段的主旨句。设空处下文讲到玩具、有趣的海报、让你笑的电脑屏幕保护程序、你和你的家人或朋友玩得很开心的照片，由此可知，本段是在说明用一些东西来提醒自己露出喜色。故A选项“身边放一些有趣的提醒物来让自己露出喜色”符合语境。 4．答案：C 解析：本段主旨为“花时间和有趣的人在一起”，前文介绍了幽默的人的有趣的观点和笑声具有感染力。C项“当你在他们身边的时候，你也更有可能笑”为前一句的结果，同时呼应主题。此句中的them指代前文中幽默的人。 5．答案：B 解析：设空处前文提到看幽默的录像和有趣的照片，后文提到试着回忆听过或读过的笑话或看过的喜剧，B选项“如果你手边找不到任何幽默，回忆一些有趣的事情”承上启下，符合语境。B项中的recall与下文的thinking back to对应。B项中的something funny又与下文的joke和comedy呼应。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2024·湖北省沙市中学高二质检) It was a cool October evening.Excitement and family members filled the hall.I was only a 7-year-old girl，but I was the center of 1 ．Finally，after weeks of preparation，I would 2 all my hard work in a dance of performance.Everything would be 3 — so I thought.I waited backstage all 4 in my black tights with a golden belt.In a loud and clear voice，the master of ceremonies announced that my class was next. My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet，facing the 5 ．All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box.It really was a(n) 6 move.I was concentrating so much keeping the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look where I was going.I missed my partner's box altogether and 7 ．There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes.I could hear giggles coming from the audience，and I felt the 8 rush to my face.I remembered my dance teacher had told us，“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience will not 9 ．” I did my best to follow her 10 as I continued with the routine. When the curtain dropped，so did my 11 for the evening.I 12 bitterly，tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.I ran backstage，but no one could calm me down. Recently I realized I had been a 13 that night.I was 14 ，but I fought the urge to run off the stage. 15 ，I finished the routine with a smile on my face.Now when friends and family laugh about the time I slipped during a dance performance，I can laugh too. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者7岁时的一次演出，在舞台上因为失误而滑倒，但是采用老师的建议，面带微笑，继续把动作完成的故事。 1．A．pressure B．impression C．debate D．attention 答案：D 解析：根据后文“Finally，after weeks of preparation，I would all my hard work in a dance of performance.”可知，作者将要进行舞蹈表演，所以成为众人关注的焦点。故选D。 2．A．take over B．show off C．look after D．give up 答案：B 解析：根据后文“in a dance of performance”可知，作者要展示自己的努力成果。故选B。 3．A．reasonable B．suitable C．obvious D．perfect 答案：D 解析：根据前文“Finally，after weeks of preparation，I would all my hard work in a dance of performance.”可知，作者经过认真准备，和刻苦练习，相信表演会很完美。故选D。 4．A．dressed up B．folded up C．covered up D．mixed up 答案：A 解析：根据后文“in my black tights with a golden belt”可知，此处指作者的穿着打扮。故选A。 5．A．music B．audience C．curtain D．stage 答案：B 解析：根据常识以及前文facing可知，作者的演出要面向观众。故选B。 6．A．easy B．active C．adventurous D．extra 答案：A 解析：根据常识和前文“All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box.”并结合选项可知，作者认为这是个很容易的动作。故选A。 7．A．wandered B．slipped C．waved D．skipped 答案：B 解析：根据语境和前文“I missed my partner's box altogether”及后文“I could hear giggles coming from the audience”和“I slipped during a dance performance”并结合选项可知，作者应该是失误了——滑倒了。故选B。 8．A．blood B．pleasure C．pride D．tear 答案：A 解析：根据前文“I could hear giggles coming from the audience”可知，作者认为自己的失误引起了观众的嘲笑，紧张而羞愧，所以感到血液涌向脸上。故选A。 9．A．leave B．cheer C．believe D．notice 答案：D 解析：根据语境以及前文“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience”可知，老师的意思是，如果失误后仍能保持微笑，继续演出，这样观众就会忽视失误，不会注意到失误。故选D。 10．A．gesture B．example C．advice D．plan 答案：C 解析：根据前文“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience will not ．”可知，前文叙述了老师的建议，此处指作者听从老师的建议，继续演出。故选C。 11．A．doubts B．hopes C．voice D．patience 答案：B 解析：根据上文可知，作者在舞台上失误滑倒了，根据后文“I bitterly，tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.”可知，作者认为自己失败了，所以原来对演出所报的希望破灭了。故选B。 12．A．argued B．shouted C．begged D．sobbed 答案：D 解析：根据后文“tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face”可知，作者在哭泣。故选D。 13．A．star B．pioneer C．loser D．fool 答案：A 解析：根据后文“I was ，but I fought the urge to run off the stage. ，I finished the routine with a smile on my face.”可知，作者没有逃离舞台，并且带着微笑完成了舞蹈动作，这也是表演成功，所以后来作者意识到那天晚上自己是成功的，像个明星。故选A。 14．A．satisfied B．moved C．embarrassed D．confused 答案：C 解析：根据前文“I missed my partner's box altogether and ．”可知，作者在表演中失误滑倒了，作为舞蹈演员，这是很尴尬的事情。故选C。 15．A．However B．Instead C．Therefore D．Though 答案：B 解析：根据前文“run off the stage”以及后文“I finished the routine with a smile on my face”可知，此处前后动作行为是相反的，空格处意为“相反”。故选B。 学生用书↓第17页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$