Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Using language 非限制性定语从句 语法串烧 我的发现 　　I have a good friend，who①is really thin. Yet he wants to become a great athlete. Every week he goes to the gym, where⑤ he exercises and lifts weights. But it has not worked, which② makes him unhappy. Now he is considering taking some pills，which① he thinks will help him become stronger. If my friend took this kind of pill for some time, his hair might fall out or he might have health problems，some of which③might even affect his liver or heart. Some athletes，whose④ achievements were great, died very young because they took this kind of pill. I will tell my friend not to take the pills because he may have health problems in the future，when⑤ it is too late. 非限制性定语从句是对主句中的先行词起补充说明作用的定语从句。其标志是主句和从句之间用逗号隔开。 ①中关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语；②中which引导非限制性定语从句，代指整个句子；③为“不定代词＋of＋which”引导非限制性定语从句；④中whose引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作定语；⑤中关系副词引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。 与限制性定语从句相比较，非限制性定语从句是指与主句关系不十分密切，只对主句中的先行词或整个主句起补充说明作用的定语从句。其标志是主句和从句之间用逗号隔开。 1．限制性/非限制性定语从句的区别 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号与主句隔开 Do you still remember the man who taught us English？你还记得教我们英语的那个人吗？ 用逗号与主句隔开 I've been to London, which is a beautiful city.我去过伦敦，那是一个美丽的城市。 意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删去，句子意思将不完整 This is the book(which/that)he lost yesterday.这就是他昨天丢的那本书。 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删去，句子意思仍然完整、明确 The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found.他昨天丢的那本书已经找到了。 译法上 通常译成先行词的定语 He is the man who lives next to me. 他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。 通常译成与主句并列的分句 He is a generous man, who lives next to me. 他是一个慷慨的人，住在我隔壁。 关系词的使用上 1.在从句中作宾语时可省略 2．可用that 1.不可省略 2．不可用that 学生用书第21页 2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词 (1)引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词指人时用who，whom或whose；指物时用which或whose。 This is our headmaster，who I think has something important to tell you. 这是我们的校长，我认为他有重要的事情要告诉你。 My elder sister has a beautiful car，which I want to have. 我大姐有一辆漂亮的车，我也想有一辆。 (2)引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有when和where。当先行词指时间时，关系副词用when；指地点时用where。 He left his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old. 他于1992年离开家乡，当时他只有12岁。 Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977. 卓别林在瑞士度过了他的晚年，1977年他被安葬在那里。 [巧学活用1]——用非限制性定语从句合并句子 1．I walk into the waiting area.Many people are sitting quietly there. I_walk_into_the_waiting_area，where_many_people_are_sitting_quietly. 2．They gave us many books.There was much information we needed in them. They_gave_us_many_books，where_there_was_much_information_we_needed. 3．The dress on the wall is a gift for me.Its color is bright. The_dress_on_the_wall，whose_color_is_bright，is_a_gift_for_me. 4．One may be at a loss when facing a sudden danger.That is quite natural. One_may_be_at_a_loss_when_facing_a_sudden_danger，which_is_quite_natural. 3．as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别 (1)as在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，修饰整个句子。as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之后，主句之前，或放在主句之中，意为“像……一样，正如，正像”。 As we all know，he studies very hard.(as作宾语) 我们都知道他学习很用功。 As is known to all，he is the tallest student in our class.(as作主语) 众所周知，他是我们班最高的学生。 (2)which引导的非限制性定语从句既可指代某个词或词组，也可指代整个主句的内容，但是不能放于句首。 I want to buy the house，which has a garden.(which指代the house) 我想买这座房子，它带有一个花园。 He was late for the meeting，which made the chairman very angry.(which指代整个主句的内容) 他开会迟到了，主席为此非常生气。 [巧学活用2]——补全句子 1．He has made great progress in his work，which_made_his_parents_very_proud(这让他父母很骄傲). 2．As_we_all_know(众所周知)，smoking is bad for your health. 学生用书第22页 课时测评3　Section Ⅳ　Using language (时间：45分钟　满分：79分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．The woman has a lot of friends，some of whom are very famous writers in China. 2．The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 3．I am most grateful to my parents，who are always there to encourage me and care for me. 4．Much of his youth was spent in Beijing，where he developed an interest in Beijing Opera. 5．There are plenty of good pubs and clubs in this area，most of which are friendly and safe. 6．The sports meeting will be put off till next month，when we will have made all the preparations. 7．Kate，whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia. 8．She and her family bicycle to work，which helps them keep fit. 9．But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 10．We will have a picnic in the park tomorrow，when the weather may be better. 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．她正在擦窗子，一些窗子很脏。 She is cleaning the windows，some_of_which_are_very_dirty． 2．李阳一直乐于助人，他是我们的班长。 Li Yang，who_is_our_monitor，is always ready to help others. 3．下午我们去了西湖，那里有很多游客。 In the afternoon，we went to the West Lake，where_there_were_a_lot_of_visitors． 4．这个乐队在20世纪70年代非常成功，它的大部分成员都很年轻。 The band was very successful in the 1970s，most_of_whose_members_were_very_young． 5．男孩打碎了那个贵重的花瓶，这使得他妈妈非常生气。 The boy broke the valuable vase, which_made_his_mother_very_angry． 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题2分，共14分) 阅读下面新情景，用适当的关系词完成下列语段 Mary, 1.whose drawings were shown at the exhibition last month，is a model student，2.who is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall, our eyes were caught by a very large picture，3.which was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse 4.which/that was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man 5.who was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture 6.that I had ever seen，and I should say Mary is the best young painter that I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter 7.that_has ever been heard of in her hometown. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2024·江苏省常州市高二上期中) It is common to see most livestreamers sitting in front of a desk in a well-decorated room. But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into a livestreaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life. Known as “Xiangmei Xinbao” on Douyin, Zeng now has more than 3 million followers. One of her videos about traditional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than 300，000 followers. Zeng used to study fashion design and has worked in some big cities before. In 2019 she returned to her village to care for her sick grandmother. She then found that she could build a career there—by being a livestreamer with the help of her cousin. At the beginning, she didn't make any money. Zeng's parents didn't give her any support until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products. She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan, like fermented tofu, preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes. “I'm a daughter of the great mountains. I can also be a contributor to rural development in this new times，” she said. Rural revitalization (振兴) is a key part of China's 14th Five-Year Plan(2021－2025), Zeng hopes her experience can encourage more young people to return to their rural hometowns and start their own businesses. In 2021, after she became a deputy (代表) of the Loudi Municipal People's Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one livestreaming host of its own”. She plans to help cultivate 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project. “I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and being a farmer will be seen as a respectable job too，” said Zeng. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了来自湖南娄底的曾庆欢利用直播技术带领当地人民过上幸福生活的事迹。 1．What does Zeng mainly introduce on Douyin? A．Fashion trends in her village. B．The education in her hometown. C．Traditional customs of her village. D．Agricultural products of her hometown. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，曾庆欢在抖音上主要介绍她家乡的农产品。故选D项。 2．What do we know about Zeng's livestreaming career? A．It was encouraged by her sick grandmother. B．It inspired more local villagers to follow. C．It brought her a fortune as soon as it was started. D．It was a great success with the help of her parents. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“In 2021, after she became a deputy(代表) of...taken part in the project.”可知，已经有村庄参与了曾庆欢提出的项目，她的直播事业激励了更多的当地村民仿效。故选B项。 3．What is Zeng going to do from the last paragraph? A．Invite more young people to her hometown. B．Expand her business to make more money. C．Train more social media influencers in her county. D．Produce more agricultural products to help the farmers. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“In 2021, after she became a deputy(代表) of...taken part in the project.”可知，曾庆欢打算在她的县培训更多的社交媒体影响者。故选C项。 4．Which of the following best describes Zeng? A．Responsible and modest. B．Gifted and faithful. C．Caring and fashionable. D．Down-to-earth and ambitious. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第三段前两句以及最后一段最后一句可知，曾庆欢可以放弃大城市的工作回到村子照顾家人，她是脚踏实地的，她的目标是利用电子商务帮助村民过上更好的生活，并相信农村将成为一个大舞台，她是一个有抱负的人。故选D项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·河北省张家口市高二上月考) Growing up in my Grandma's was an experience that greatly shaped me. We were __1__ in nothing but spirit, yet I learned so much about __2__ there. My Mom, Dad, Nana, two brothers and I were crowded into a home made from two __3__ cars and built on rooms. I can always __4__ what my next clothes would look like because I had seen my older brother __5__ them. I always knew what we were going to eat in the __6__， because I had __7__ it during the fall. Still, I never felt poor. No king ever ate as good as we did on Sundays when Nana cooked her homemade meatballs and spaghetti. Even though we had so little, Dad, Mom and Nana gave so much. We always __8__ what we had to others. Everyone who visited us would __9__ a plate of spaghetti, or a jar of canned vegetables, or a flower pot full of fresh blossoms. I can still remember the sparkle in Mom and Nana's eyes whenever they passed something on to others. We never felt richer or __10__ than when we shared what God had given us. I __11__ early that the greatest joy comes from giving. Giving fills your heart with love. Giving __12__ your spirit closer to Heaven. Don't be afraid to __13__ your blessings, gifts and talents to others. That is why God gave them to you. Share what you have. If you have a beautiful smile, then pass it on. If you have a few extra dollars, then pass them on. If you have a heart full of __14__， then give it to everyone. No life is ever __15__ lived until it becomes a gift itself, so make your whole life a gift to the world. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者主要通过自己的经历，介绍了人生最大的快乐来源于给予，而不是索取。生命只有在它成为对世界对他人的礼物后它才算真正地活过。 1．A.poor　　　　　　　 B．short C．rich D．lack 答案：C 解析：由转折词but和下一段的“Even though we had so little”可知，作者一家在物质上很贫穷，但在“精神”上很富有。故选C。 2．A.sharing B．living C．trusting D．getting 答案：A 解析：由下文“I can still remember the sparkle in Mom and Nana's eyes whenever they passed something on to others.”和“Share what you have”可知，作者在奶奶家学到了很多关于分享的东西。故选A。 3．A.luxurious B．vast C．beautiful D．old 答案：D 解析：由上文“a home made from”可知，作者一家在物质上很贫穷，应该是用两辆旧车来建造房子。故选D。 4．A.wonder B．guess C．imagine D．recognize 答案：B 解析：由下文“because I had seen my older brother ______ them”可知，作者一家在物质上很贫穷，衣服会重复利用，作者看到哥哥穿过，就猜到自己的下一件衣服会是什么样子。故选B。 5．A.washing B．buying C．wearing D．making 答案：C 解析：由上文“I can always_____what my next clothes would look like because I had seen my older brother”可知，作者一家在物质上很贫穷，衣服会重复利用，作者穿之前，看过哥哥穿过。故选C。 6．A.spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 答案：D 解析：由下文“during the fall”可知，冬天吃秋天收获的食物。故选D。 7．A.weeded B．harvested C．prepared D．stored 答案：B 解析：由上文“what we were going to eat”可知，吃的应该是秋天收获的食物。故选B。 8．A.gave B．delivered C．handed D．threw 答案：A 解析：由上文“Even though we had so little, Dad, Mom and Nana gave so much.”和下文“I can still remember the sparkle in Mom and Nana's eyes whenever they passed something on to others.”可知，作者一家总是把自己所拥有的给予别人。故选A。 9．A.receive B．discover C．bring D．fetch 答案：A 解析：呼应上文“Even though we had so little, Dad, Mom and Nana gave so much.”讲作者一家总是把自己所拥有的给予别人，所以来拜访作者家的人都会收到送的东西。故选A。 10．A.sadder B．happier C．wilder D．emptier 答案：B 解析：由上文“I can still remember the sparkle in Mom and Nana's eyes whenever they passed something on to others.”和下文“the greatest joy comes from giving”可知，该句用“否定词＋比较级”来表达最高级的含义，作者一家分享时，会感到最快乐。故选B。 11．A.regarded B．explored C．realized D．observed 答案：C 解析：由下文“the greatest joy comes from giving”可知，最大的快乐来自给予，是作者通过亲身经历意识到的事情。故选C。 12．A.permits B．blows C．forces D．takes 答案：D 解析：由上文“Giving fills your heart with love.”可知，此处承接上文讲给予的好处，给予让你的精神更接近天堂。故选D。 13．A.pass on B．pass through C．pass away D．pass by 答案：A 解析：由下文“Share what you have.”可知，作者建议分享和给予，所以是希望人们把祝福、天赋和才能传给别人。故选A。 14．A.determination B．admiration C．love D．sympathy 答案：C 解析：由上文“Share what you have. If you have a beautiful smile, then pass it on. If you have a few extra dollars, then pass them on.”可知，此处承接上文举例分享和给予的东西，如果有爱，那就分享给予它。故选C。 15．A.rarely B. really C．hopefully D．naturally 答案：B 解析：由下文“until it becomes a gift itself, so make your whole life a gift to the world”可知，作者认为人们应该分享和给予，所以只有当生命成为礼物时，生命才会真正存在。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·江苏省泰州市高二上期中) Acupuncture (针灸)is a traditional Chinese medical practice of treating 1.______(variety) physical and mental conditions. It gained respect and interest in the United States after New York Times journalist James Reston 2.______(visit) China with President Nixon and needed an operation. Chinese doctors used acupuncture on Reston after surgery 3.______(reduce) his pain, and his recovery was swift. Curious about this, Reston was allowed to watch surgery on patients 4.______received acupuncture for anesthesia (麻醉). Patients talked with their doctors during the operation and then walked back to their rooms 5.______their own. The effectiveness of acupuncture left Reston such a deep 6.______(impress) that he wrote a front-page article in the New York Times about his operation upon returning to the United States. “A leading medical specialist 7.______(send) by Premier Chou Enlai removed my appendix (阑尾).I was conscious in 8.______ whole process. ” The National Institutes of Health(NIH) began to sponsor some of their top 9.______(physician) to visit China to investigate acupuncture and its possible functions in western medicine. With years going by, acupuncture has earned 10.______ (it) a great reputation across the world with magical effect. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了《纽约时报》记者詹姆斯·莱斯顿(James Reston)与尼克松总统一起访问中国，当时他需要进行手术。中国医生用针灸来减轻他的疼痛，他恢复得很快。针灸给他留下了深刻的印象。它在美国获得了尊重和引起了人们的兴趣。随着时间的推移，针灸以其神奇的效果在世界上赢得了声誉。 1．答案：various 解析：考查词性转换。various 为形容词，修饰名词 conditions。故填various。 2．答案：visited 解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时。故填visited。 3．答案：to reduce 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to reduce。 4．答案：who / that 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，patients为先行词，空处在定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who或者that，故填who / that。 5．答案：on 解析：考查介词。on one's own “独自地”为固定短语，符合句意。故填on。 6．答案：impression 解析：考查词性转换。deep为形容词修饰名词impression。故填impression。 7．答案：sent 解析：考查非谓语动词。specialist与send之间在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填sent。 8．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。in the whole process“在整个过程之中”特指在整个过程之中。故填the。 9．答案：physicians 解析：考查名词的单复数。physician为可数名词，根据句意“一些顶尖的医生”，所以空处填复数 physicians。故填physicians。 10．答案：itself 解析：考查代词。主语与宾语为同一个人或者事物时，宾语用反身代词，再根据句意“随着岁月的流逝，针灸以其神奇的效果，在世界范围内赢得了巨大的声誉”。故填itself。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$