Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 Step Ⅰ　Before listening 词汇热身 1．packet n．　　　　　小包，小盒 2．set out 开始做某事，着手进行 3．packaging n. 包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料 4．coconut n. 椰子 5．consumer n. 消费者 6．wasteful adj. 浪费的；挥霍的 7．wrap vt. 包，裹 8．shell n. 壳；贝壳 9．transportation n. 交通运输系统，运输方式 10．dirt n. 灰尘，尘土 11．swallow vi.& vt. 吞下，咽下 12．realistic adj. 现实的，实际的 13．innovative adj. 新颖的，创新的，革新的 14．refillable adj. 可再填充的 15．aware adj. 意识到的，明白的 16．collection n. 收集；收藏品；专辑 17．bin n. 垃圾箱 18．reusable adj. 可再使用的，可重复使用的 19．anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的 20．carton n. 硬纸盒；塑料盒 21．cutlery n. 餐具 22．chopsticks n. 筷子 23．council n. 委员会；理事会 Step Ⅱ　While listening Listen to the conversations and choose the best answer. Conversation 1 听教材P110的第一段对话，完成第1至4题。 1．What amazes Kevin when shopping? A．Plastic used to wrap. B．Goods placed on the shelves. C．Customers crowed in the shop. 2．Why are coconuts wrapped? A．To keep them fresh. B．To make them grow well. C．To attract customers' attention. 3．What makes Kevin disapprove of wrapping? A．It can't recycle. B．It causes pollution. C．It changes the coconut's taste. 4．What does Kevin suggest? A．Taking refillable containers. B．Replacing plastic with paper. C．Stopping using plastic bags or boxes. Conversation 2 听教材P111的第一段对话，完成第5题。 5．What are Lisa and Amy talking about? A．Plastic bags' use. B．Rubbish's collection. C．Environment's awareness. 答案：1－5 AABAC Step Ⅲ　Post listening 女士不清楚回收利用，男士通过举例的方式帮助女士理解其中的原则。请根据汉语提示完成对话。 W：I can't make clear these recycling rules. M：1.What's the problem(怎么了)? W：Well，for instance，these envelopes are made of paper，but they have a plastic window.So，do they go with the plastic or the paper? M：2.No，those can't be recycled(不，那些是不能回收的)．Just put them with the general waste. W：I don't see why everything can't go in there. 学生用书第107页 M：Because if things are recycled，the materials can be used again，saving the Earth's energy and resources. W：3.What about these plastic bottles and cans(这些塑料瓶和罐子怎么样)? Where do they go? M：In the white bag.Look，it tells you on the information card.If you lose that，the information is on the Internet. W：I suppose this big plastic plate can go in the bag too. M：Yes，but wash it first.It can't go in if it's covered in food. W：4.Oh，so many rules(哦，那么多规则)．Every Tuesday I have this problem，because it is collected the next day. M：Once you get used to it，it will be no problem at all.Plus，you can feel good about yourself because you are helping the environment. W：In the old days，we didn't have this problem.People used things again.They repaired things，5.because they were too precious to be thrown away(因为它们太珍贵了，所以不能被扔掉)． M：This is how things are in the modern world.We throw too many things away. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 set out开始做某事，着手进行 (教材原句)In the week when the government sets out its new environmental programme... 在政府推出其新的环保计划的那一周…… set out to do sth ＝set about doing sth 　　　开始/着手做某事 set out for＝set off for 动身前往…… set aside　　　　　　 留出；把……放置一旁；不理会；取消 set off 出发，使爆炸；引起，激发 set down 写下，记下；制定，规定 set up 建立，创立；建起，竖起 ◎用适当的介、副词填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①We set off at dawn so that we could get to the coast before lunch time. ②I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some workout. ③The government should set up a special organization to protect the earth. ④The designer would always set down new ideas that occurred to him. ⑤今年8月27日，我们和伯塔坐在一辆卡车后面，早早地出发前往密苏里河(Missouri River)。 On 27 August this year，we set out early for the Missouri River with Berta in the back of a truck. ⑥我们一到农场就开心地摘起苹果来。 →Upon arriving at the farm，we set about picking apples joyfully．(set about) →Upon arriving at the farm，we set out to pick apples joyfully．(set out) 学生用书第108页 wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的 (教材原句)．..it's completely wasteful and unnecessary.……这完全是浪费和不必要的。 (1)It is wasteful to do sth. 　 　　　　做某事是浪费的。 (2)waste n．& v. 浪费 adj. 废弃的，无用的(在句中只用作定语) It's a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。 waste money/time on... 在……上浪费金钱/时间 单句语法填空/读后续写之语言描写 ①The whole process is wasteful (waste)and inefficient. ②I don't like to waste money on things I don't like. ③It's wasteful to throw (throw) away glass，paper and metal. ④我低声说：“告诉他一些规则是在浪费时间。我敢打赌，他甚至不知道终点线在哪里。” I whispered，“It is a waste of time telling him rules．I bet he even doesn't figure out where the finish line is.” aware adj.意识到的，明白的 (教材原句)Two friends，Lisa and Amy are discussing how to become more environmentally aware. 丽莎和艾米这两个朋友正在讨论如何提高环保意识。 (1)be/become aware of 知道/明白/意识　 到…… be aware that... 知道/体会到…… as far as I'm aware 据我所知 make sb aware that/of 提醒某人注意…… (2)awareness n. 意识；认识 strengthen/raise/develop one's awareness of 增强/提高/培养某人……的意识 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It was Mr Liu who made me aware of the importance of learning English well. ②She was well aware that they didn't get along well with each other. ③It is important that the students develop an awareness (aware) of contributing to our country. ④每个人都应该意识到保护环境的重要性和紧迫性。 Everyone should be aware of the importance and urgency of protecting the environment．(应用文写作之观点表达) ⑤当看到混乱的情况时，经理愤怒地说：“据我所知，没有人对此采取任何措施。” When seeing the messy situation，the manager said angrily，“As far as I'm aware，nobody has done anything about it.”(读后续写之情感描写) anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的 (教材原句)I just get anxious when I think of the impact we have on the environment. 当我想到我们对环境的影响时，我只会感到焦虑。 (1)be anxious about/for 为……担心/担忧 be anxious to do sth　 渴望做某事 (2)anxiety n．　 担心；焦虑；渴望 with anxiety　 焦虑地 (3)anxiously adv.　 焦虑地 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作心理描写 ①The company is anxious to improve (improve) its image. ②My anxiety (anxious) grew with the job interview drawing nearer and nearer. ③People were waiting anxiously (anxious) for the government's final decision. ④He was waiting for the results with anxiety as if he was sitting on pins and needles. ⑤担心他生病的妈妈，安迪匆匆回到家，浑身湿透了。 Anxious about his sick mom，Andy rushed home，all over wet. 学生用书第109页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：状语从句的省略 (教材原句)Pay attention to the intonation used when agreeing and disagreeing. 注意同意和不同意时使用的语调。 when，while，though，even if，unless，if，as if 等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it，并且状语从句谓语中含有be动词，此时可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，构成“连词＋分词(短语)”结构，在句中作状语。 完成句子 ①一想到母亲的责骂，她不禁伤心地哭了起来。(读后续写之心理描写) She couldn't help weeping sorrowfully when thinking of the scolding from her mother． ②妈妈想了想，然后笑了，好像知道什么。 Mom thought about it，then smiled as if knowing something． ③“除非尝试一下，否则你永远不知道你能取得什么成就，萨姆，”他告诉我。 “You'll never know what you are able to achieve unless giving it a try，Sam，”he told me. 课时测评17　Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语或首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Tom wrapped(包) a book in a newspaper. 2．The new council(委员会) would consist of about 20 finance ministers. 3．The postman tried to put the packets(小盒) through the letter box. 4．The first time I went to the seaside，I picked up a great many shells(贝壳)． 5．He stuffed the newspapers into a litter bin(垃圾箱) and headed down the street. 6．His company offers a flexible packaging(包装盒) service for the food industry. 7．He was so hungry that he swallowed up a whole turkey. 8．We make use of chopsticks in China instead of knives and forks on the table. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Something that is innovative(innovate) is new and original. 2．The bag is reusable (reuse)．It can be used many times. 3．We should encourage pupils to set realistic(real) goals. 4．Anxious about the coming exam，I can hardly fall asleep at night. 5．My friend Lily showed me a large collection (collect) of CDs that evening. 6．The once beautiful rivers have turned into smelly and dirty(dirt) dustbins. 7．There is no doubt that the consumers(consume) are still very sensitive to the price. 8．People try to avoid public transportation(transport)delays by using their own cars. 9．His grandmother thinks it too wasteful (waste) for him to order the meal in the hotel. 10．Earth Day，marked on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness (aware) of environmental protection. 维度三　完成句子/句式升级(每小题4分，共12分) 1．你应该养成经常看报的习惯，因为报纸能够使你了解时事。 You should develop the habit of reading newspapers regularly because they can keep you aware of the current events． 2．我自愿成为一名学校的顾问，这样就可以给高中生们提供更多学习的建议。 I volunteer to be a school adviser so that I will be able to offer more learning suggestions to senior high school students. 3．When the little girl was asked where she was from，she was only crying，saying nothing. →When asked where she was from，the little girl was only crying，saying nothing.(“连词＋分词短语”结构) [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2024·浙江宁波高二期中) Work starts early on White Gate Farm in East Lyme，Connecticut.By 7 am，farm manager Dan Wood was at the East Lyme Post Office dropping off a box of fresh produce that later in the day would be delivered by mail to Chelsea Gubbins，who lives across town. White Gate Farm is a member of Farmers Post，a pilot program that enables smallholder farms across eastern Connecticut to ship fresh produce and other farm products to local households through the United States Postal Service (USPS)．Farmers Post takes advantage of a USPS program called Connect Local that allows small businesses to offer same-day and next-day delivery at a fixed low cost. Food remains in the fields because either market prices are too low or the cost of the workforce is too high，or because the size and shape of the produce make it unattractive to stores.Each year，around 10 million tons of crops never get harvested，causing about 16% of total US food loss and waste. “Food that is wasted has a much larger influence than just the loss of the food itself，” says Julia Kurnik，senior director of Innovation Start-ups at WWF.“Everything that went into growing it goes out the window as well—the water，the land，and the energy.And as the food breaks down，it produces greenhouse gases.The bad effects amplify greatly.” Besides reducing food waste，selling farm products directly to local customers cuts down on the cross-country shipping of food grown in California or elsewhere.This reduces the so-called food miles that researchers believe cause about 6% of the world's greenhouse gases.Fruits and vegetables，which are often transported out of season and require refrigeration，produce lots of greenhouse gases between farms and people's plates. Wood understands that Farmers Post can help to end that waste.“Farming is kind of like cooking for a big group，” he says.“This is helping us get right on the money，using almost 100% of what we grow and harvest.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国康涅狄格州的一个小型农场 White Gate Farm 通过邮政局的 Connect Local 项目将农产品送给当地居民的故事。 1．Why was Farmers Post started? A．To create more delivery jobs for local people. B．To provide professional modern farming methods. C．To make the delivery of produce easier and cheaper. D．To pick up and carry customers to different farms. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，“农民邮政”项目通过美国邮政服务(USPS)将新鲜农产品和其他农产品运送到当地家庭，该项目允许小企业以固定的低成本提供当日和次日送达服务，使农产品的运输更容易、更便宜。故选C项。 2．What may cause some US crops to remain unharvested according to the text? A．The shortage of workers and harvesting tool. B．The limited need for farm products. C．Bad weather and road conditions. D．Their low value and poor quality. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Food remains in the fields...make it unattractive to stores.”可知，因为农产品的市场价格低，大小和形状对商店没有吸引力即质量差导致美国的很多作物依旧没有收获，留在地里。故选D项。 3．What's the meaning of the underlined word “amplify” in Paragraph 4? A．Decrease. B．Increase. C．Weaken. D．Change. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容“Everything that went into growing it goes out the window as well—the water，the land，and the energy.And as the food breaks down，it produces greenhouse gases.”可知，浪费食物就意味着种植食物时消耗的水、土地和能源是被浪费的，同时分解食物又产生了温室气体，因此糟糕的影响是在不断增加的。故画线词与B选项“Increase.(增加)”为同义词。故选B项。 4．Which of the following is the best title for the test? A．A farm-to-table program helps reduce food waste B．The food safety movement has met some challenges C．Small farms play a leading role in serving communities D．Farmers Post explores ways to make high-quality products 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段内容以及倒数第二段中的“Besides reducing food waste，selling farm products directly to local customers cuts down on the cross-country shipping of food grown in California or elsewhere.”并通读全文可知，该文章介绍了美国康涅狄格州的一个小型农场 White Gate Farm 通过“农民邮政”项目利用邮政局的 Connect Local项目将农产品送到当地居民的故事。这个项目不仅帮助农场直接销售农产品从而减少了食品浪费，还减少了其他地方运输水果和蔬菜带来的温室气体排放。A选项“A farm-to-table program helps reduce food waste(一个从农场到餐桌的项目有助于减少食物浪费)”最适合作文章标题。故选A项。 B (2024·湖北武汉高二期中) Located on the bank of the Yellow River，Zhuangshang village in Yuncheng，Shanxi Province，still has ancient temples and cave dwellings (窑洞)，some of which have a history of more than 800 years. But now，it has received a new label：a “zero-carbon” village，as recognized by the United Nations Development Programme. It starts with a new system.The old caves have been armed with a modern solar power system.The system，developed by Golden Cooperate Information and Automation Technology Co，can provide direct current (DC) power，to the homes of residents，rather than converting between DC and alternating current (AC)．It is the key to helping the village achieve carbon neutrality，China Daily reported on Aug 30. “Residents can directly use electricity that is produced from panels installed on their roofs without buying power from the grid (电力网)，” Chen Wenbo，the company's president，told China Daily.“The system has no effect on the stability of the power grid.It is safe and can improve energy efficiency.” Safe，reliable and green，the low-voltage DC power distribution technology now enables each local household to generate about 4，000 kilowatt hours (千瓦时) of electricity per year.That solves more than 90 percent of the power consumption，according to Yuncheng Daily. “I can save at least 3，000 yuan every year on charges for electricity and fuel，” resident Chen Jiuhong told China Daily.“Plus，without any fire wood or coal in the house，the environment has become cleaner and more comfortable.” “In my house，electrical appliances，such as rice cookers and electric heaters，have replaced traditional gas stoves and coal-fired heating，” said Chen.According to preliminary calculations，each household will reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 7，000 kilograms per year，Yuncheng Daily reported. In dealing with climate change，China aims to peak its carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and realize carbon neutrality before 2060.According to Chen Wenbo，the solar power system will be widely spread throughout Zhuangshang village.He also hopes the village will be a model for the country's energy revolution. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了山西运城庄上村配备了现代太阳能系统，实现了碳中和。 5．What is essential to the village's carbon neutrality? A．Switching between DC and AC. B．Buying power from the grid. C．Providing electricity directly from the panels. D．Not influencing the grid's stable state. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The system，developed by Golden Cooperate Information...China Daily reported on Aug 30.”可知，帮助该村实现碳中和的关键是他们使用了直流电。故选C项。 6．Which of the following may be the advantages of the new system? A．Inexpensive and efficient. B．Appropriate and extraordinary. C．Replaceable and crucial. D．Dependable and eco-friendly. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，新的电力系统安全、可靠并且环保。故选D项。 7．According to the passage，how much electricity does each household probably consume annually? A．3，600. B．4，000. C．4，400. D．5，000. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，4 000千瓦时占了90%以上的电力消耗，所以一个家庭总的电力消耗应该是：4 000/90%＝4 444，大约4 400千瓦时。故选C项。 8．Where is the passage likely to come from? A．A travel journal. B．A book review. C．A biography. D．A news report. 答案：D 解析：文章出处题。根据第三段中的“The system，developed by Golden Cooperate Information...China Daily reported on Aug 30.”可知，这篇文章应该是来自于报纸，是一篇新闻报道。故选D项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2024·福建省福州屏东中学高二期中) In the 2010s，34-year-old Miller travelled around the world as a marine biologist.However remote the location，she made the same alarming discovery：amounts of plastic littering the water and 1 marine life.Miller knew she needed to do something. Her group called A Greener Future estimates that 33 percent of what they 2 comes from food packaging after organizing litter clean-ups across Canada.If food 3 were a country，it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases.Miller，determined to tackle the problem at the source，envisioned a shop that 4 plastic bags and quit the bad habit of wasting food itself. In 2018，Miller opened one of the first zero-waste grocery stores in Canada，with her mission 5 the emphasis on sustainability.She named it Nada，and ensured everything was designed to make the zero-waste shopping experience 6 to practise.For instance，the cafe uses food items 7 their expiry date (失效日期) to make baked goods，soups and more.Miller buys from some 115 small local companies.The suppliers must be 8 of a social or environmental responsibility，and just as importantly，they must be 9 to reducing waste in their own supply chain. Because food sales were 10 in pandemic，Nada closed its doors to the public for 18 months. 11 as the business was，Miller developed online ordering and delivery in a sustainable way.Carbon-free deliveries are made by e-bike and electric vehicles.Everything from olive oil to fresh eggs comes 12 　in upgraded containers，which are collected and reused again with the next deliveries. Not only do those containers just reduce waste，but they get people thinking big，just as Miller had hoped.“They are labeled with Nada stickers， 13 you can see how many times the container has been used，” she says，with a 14 smile.“If you open someone's cupboard and see all of these Nada-branded containers，it's 15 to start a conversation.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了加拿大一位环保人士Miller开设零浪费杂货店Nada的经历和成就。 1．A．comprising B．threatening C．causing D．protecting 答案：B 解析：根据上文“amounts of plastic littering the water”以及下文“Miller knew she needed to do something.”可知，海洋中的塑料垃圾开始威胁海洋生物，所以，Miller才觉得需要做些什么。故选B项。 2．A．pick up B．take up C．keep up D．put up 答案：A 解析：根据下文“after organizing litter clean-ups across Canada”可知，她所在的组织在加拿大各地进行垃圾清理，由此可知，空处指的是捡来的垃圾。故选A项。 3．A．waste B．nutrition C．price D．production 答案：A 解析：根据下文“quit the bad habit of wasting food itself”可知，空处指的是食物浪费，所以Miller才想着改掉浪费食物的坏习惯。故选A项。 4．A．gathered B．distributed C．banned D．shared 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Her group called A Greener Future estimates that 33 percent of what they comes from food packaging after organizing litter clean-ups across Canada.”可知，海洋污染中有很多是食品包装垃圾，由此可知，她想开的店应该是禁止使用塑料袋。故选C项。 5．A．changing B．reflecting C．completing D．influencing 答案：B 解析：根据上文内容以及上句“In 2018，Miller opened one of the first zero-waste grocery stores in Canada”可知，她的商店反映了对可持续性的重视。故选B项。 6．A．clear B．complicated C．impressive D．easy 答案：D 解析：根据下文“For instance，the cafe uses food items their expiry date (失效日期) to make baked goods，soups and more.”可知，她是想确保所有的设计都是为了让零浪费的购物体验好操作、易实践。故选D项。 7．A．providing B．showing C．approaching D．stressing 答案：C 解析：根据空后的“their expiry date (失效日期)”以及上文所指的好操作可推测，咖啡馆使用的食物都是临近失效日期的，这样才可以不浪费食物。故选C项。 8．A．aware B．independent C．typical D．worthy 答案：A 解析：根据空后的“a social or environmental responsibility”可推测，空处指的是供应商应该意识到环境或环境责任。考查短语：be aware of，意为“意识到……”，符合本句句意。故选A项。 9．A．exposed B．related C．compared D．devoted 答案：D 解析：根据上文“The suppliers must be of a social or environmental responsibility”可知，供应商必须意识到社会或环境责任；而且除了有这个意识之外，还应该致力于减少浪费。故选D项。 10．A．expanded B．created C．defeated D．restricted 答案：D 解析：根据下文“Nada closed its doors to the public for 18 months”可知，疫情期间食品销售受到限制。故选D项。 11．A．Opportunity B．Challenge C．Ambition D．Priority 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Because food sales were in pandemic，Nada closed its doors to the public for 18 months.”可知，疫情期间Miller不得不关店18个月，由此可知，这项生意面临挑战。故选B项。 12．A．removed B．restored C．delivered D．fried 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Miller developed online ordering and delivery in a sustainable way.Carbon-free deliveries are made by e-bike and electric vehicles.”可知，这些产品是用升级过的容器运送的。故选C项。 13．A．but B．or C．because D．so 答案：D 解析：根据上文“They are labeled with Nada stickers”可知，这些容器都贴上了Nada贴纸；而下文“you can see how many times the container has been used”则是贴纸后所产生的结果。故选D项。 14．A．confident B．shy C．bitter D．guilty 答案：A 解析：根据上文内容“Not only do those containers just reduce waste...the container has been used，’ she says”可知，Miller在说这一切的时候是充满自信的。故选A项。 15．A．strange B．bound C．vital D．realistic 答案：B 解析：根据上文“If you open someone's cupboard and see all of these Nada-branded containers”以及常识可知，两个人应该会因为共同拥有Nada品牌的容器开始一段对话。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$