阅读理解之环境保护篇 广西3年真题及全国2024真题汇编

阅读理解之环境保护篇原文 一、广西真题（2022-2024） （一） （2022·广西百色·中考真题） You probably see a lot of things made of plastic, like bottles and bags. What happens when the plastic was thrown away? Scientists say that much of it reaches the oceans in the end, and causes problems for ocean creatures (生物), like fish and birds. “Plastic makes ocean creatures in danger, some of them die when they are tangled (被缠绕) in pieces of plastic, and others eat the plastic and die, too.” says Allison Schutes of the Ocean Conservancy, a group that protects oceans. A recent study shows that lots of plastic reaches the oceans each minute. Scientists predict (预言) that by the year 2050, our oceans will have more plastic than fish. Most scientists say taking out all the plastic that has already in the oceans is impossible. Instead, they say the best way is to stop more plastic from reaching the oceans. Many groups are taking action. They pick up litter before it reaches the oceans. ▲ , volunteers from the Ocean Conservancy collected more than 16 million pounds of litter last year. Experts also encourage people to use less plastic. Many cities and towns in some countries have banned plastic bags. Experts also suggest that people should use more reusable bottles and bags. “These seem like small things,” says Schutes, “but they can help to make a big difference.” 根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。 1．How many things made of plastic are mentioned in this passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．It is predicted that by the year 2050, there will be ________ . A．no fish in the oceans B．no plastic in the oceans C．more plastic than fish in the oceans D．more fish than plastic in the oceans 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ . A．For example B．However C．In a word D．After all 4．What does the underlined word “banned” mean in Chinese? A．发明 B．生产 C．销售 D．禁止 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Bottles and Bags B．Fish and Birds C．Plastic and Ocean Creatures D．Scientists and Experts （二） （2022·广西·中考真题） ①Walk or drive to work? Which way is lower in carbon（碳）? To be friendly to the environment, you may choose to walk. Have you ever tried to live a low-carbon life through your diet（日常饮食）? ②A new study from the University of Oxford has looked into the health and environmental influences of 15 foods common in western diets. Among these, plant-based（基于植物的）foods included fruits, vegetables, nuts and potatoes. It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish. ③According to the study’s lead researcher, Michael Clark, “Choosing better and greener diets is one of the main ways people can improve their health and protect the environment.” That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment. ④To get this result, researchers compared the influence of eating another portion（一份）of each food with the increased risk of a few illnesses. They also find out the environmental harm for each animal-based food and each plant-based food. ⑤By using this method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment. Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane（甲烷）that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2. As well as making the earth warmer, eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses, such as heart trouble. ⑥Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefits in a much greener way. According to the study, without eating or using meat and milk products, global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and still feed the world. ⑦Speaking to the Guardian, Tim Benton of Chatham House said, “If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place.” 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。 6．Which one is animal-based food? A．Milk products. B．Fruits. C．Potatoes. D．Vegetables. 7．What’s the result of this study? A．Many people choose to walk to work. B．Plant-based diets are healthier and greener. C．The more we eat, the better the environment is. D．15 foods common in western diets are not healthy. 8．What is the main idea of paragraph⑤? A．The harm of CO2. B．The risk of heart trouble. C．A reason for keeping animals. D．Two disadvantages of red meats. 9．What does “benefits” in paragraph mean in Chinese? A．问题 B．方式 C．益处 D．状况 10．What will this study probably be used for? A．Teaching farmers to plant vegetables correctly. B．Offering doctors new methods to treat patients. C．Guiding people to lose weight by doing exercise. D．Giving official advice on health and environment. （三） （2022·广西贺州·中考真题） Several large companies have begun creating paper bottles to replace glass and plastic ones. A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. These companies are creating their own bottle designs. Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). The inside of the bottle needs a special liner (衬层) to make sure the liquid doesn’t leak through. Many companies are lining their bottles with thin plastic. Though bottle makers may say this liner can be removed and recycled, many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to deal with these liners. A Danish beer company called Carlsberg is working with Paboco on a paper bottle called the “Green Fiber Bottle”. Now the bottle uses a plastic liner. In the future the company hopes to use a “bio-plastic (生物塑料)” that will break down naturally over time. But even without the plastic, paper bottles aren’t perfect. Most paper bottles use wood pulp (木浆). That could lead to the loss of forests. Frugalpac, a company from the United Kingdom, has created bottles made of recycled paper, so no trees need to be cut down. Frugalpac still uses plastic liners, though. But with so many companies working towards the same goal, we will see more paper bottles on store shelves in the near future. 根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。 11．One of the biggest challenges of using paper bottles is _________. A．how to use few liners B．how to make perfect liners C．keeping the plastic bottles from breaking down D．keeping the paper bottles from leaking 12．What does the underlined word “Frugalpac” refer to? A．A Danish milk company. B．A Danish beer company. C．A company from the United States of America. D．A company from the United Kingdom. 13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．A company called Paboco has been working to develop paper bottles alone. B．Many paper bottles have thin plastic inside. C．It’s impossible to remove and recycle the liners of paper bottles. D．The loss of forests leads to the use of wood pulp in most paper bottles. 14．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Paper bottles are not perfect. B．Bottles are made of recycled paper. C．Some companies work to develop paper bottles. D．Some companies work to develop glass and plastic bottles. （四） （2022·广西玉林·中考真题） For 17 years, Mohamed Nasar has supported his family of five by fishing in the Nile River. But the 58-year-old says fishermen like himself catch fewer fish every year as the Nile has been filled with plastic bottles, bags and other waste. “The fish are caught in the bottles, and they die,” said Nasar. A local environmental group named “VeryNile” has asked the island’s fishermen to use their boats to collect plastic bottles from the river. VeryNile says it buys the bottles at a higher price than the market price offered by traders or recycling factories. The initiative (倡议) provides a solution for helping to clean up the Nile, while providing a way to make more money for fishermen like Nasar. “This job has helped us a bit. We come and collect about 10 to 15 kilos of plastic bottles, and we get about 12 Egyptian pounds for each,” Nasar said when he sat in his boat collecting bottles. Nasar, who made about 100 EGP a day after six hours of fishing, can now make another 200 EGP by collecting bottles. Another fisherman said cleaner Nile water would mean more fish. “On the one hand, the Nile is cleaner, and on the other hand, the fisherman now has more ways to make money,” he said. With the help of more than 40 fishermen, over the past year VeryNile has collected around 18 tons of plastic bottles, and most of them went to the recycling factory and were made into new things. 15．Why did Nasar catch fewer fish every year? A．Because he was too old. B．Because he was too lazy. C．Because he has fished for 17 years in the Nile River. D．Because the Nile has been filled with plastic bottles, bags ad other waste. 16．What did VeryNile ask the fishermen to do? A．To catch fish. B．To sell the bottles to traders. C．To buy the bottles. D．To collect plastic bottles from the river. 17．Which place did most of the plastic bottles go to? A．The traders’ home. B．The recycling factory. C．The market. D．The fishermen’s home. 18．What was the main purpose of VeryNile? A．To make the fishermen busier. B．To make the Nile River cleaner. C．To make the Nile River have more fish. D．To make the fishermen set up recycling factories. 二、全国真题（2024） （一） （2024·广东深圳·中考真题） After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world's oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat—has disappeared. If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean. The demand for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans. “People are consuming (消费) too much,” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute. A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal's life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food. The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying the environment. “If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,” says Morgan. “Then decide what you’re going to eat.” 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving a fact. B．By asking a question. C．By telling a story. D．By using a saying. 2．What does the underlined word “demand” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Wish. B．Support. C．Need. D．Price. 3．From Paragraph 3, we know that ________. A．if sharks die out, tuna will die out soon B．tuna will be more popular in restaurants C．tuna plays an important role in the ecosystem D．tuna disappeared because they found no food 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To tell people to stop polluting our oceans. B．To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans. C．To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood. D．To tell people to live a balanced and healthy life. 5．What does the last paragraph of the article explain ________. A．We need to care about wildlife B．We need to eat wild animals C．We need to reflect on our own values and beliefs D．We don’t want to protect wild animals （二） （2024·四川雅安·中考真题） On November 13, 2023, people across Kenya (肯尼亚) took part in their first national tree-planting holiday. The holiday was created to encourage people to plant trees. Kenya is famous for its beautiful forests and wildlife. But large areas of Kenya’s forests have been cut down, either for the wood or for farming. So there is less and less land covered by forests in Kenya. The government has a goal of planting 15 billion trees by 2032 to cover 30% of its land with trees. In early November, the government announced (宣布) National Tree Growing Day would fall on November 13. To prepare for the day, the government got 150 million young trees ready for planting. The government also created a special app to help organize the tree planting. The app helps people collect young trees, find places to plant, and record their efforts. It also helps the government find out how many trees have been planted in different areas around the country. On that day, people all over Kenya turned out (出现) in large numbers to take part in the holiday. In the capital, hundreds of people joined in, even though it was raining. Government leaders led planting efforts in different parts of the country. Workers, students, families and other groups showed up to take part. 6．Why did Kenya create the tree-planting holiday? A．To help people relax. B．To tell people to develop farming. C．To encourage people to plant trees. D．To make people enjoy its beautiful forests. 7．Why is there less and less land covered by forests in Kenya? A．Because there are fewer farmers. B．Because wildlife needs the land. C．Because the rainwater takes away the land. D．Because people cut down the forests for a living. 8．How many trees does the Kenyan government want to plant by 2032? A．15 billion. B．13 million. C．30 billion. D．150 million. 9．What do we know about the special app in Paragraph 3? A．It is created to record the weather. B．It is helpful for people to collect young trees. C．It shows the number of trees in only one area. D．It tells people the importance of planting trees. 10．What was Kenyan people’s opinion about the national tree-planting holiday? A．They refused to join in it. B．They thought it was too boring. C．They made no effort to celebrate it. D．They provided strong support for it. （三） （2024·河北·中考真题） The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei. About 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government’s work, it has become much cleaner. Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by, it got dirty and started to dry up. To remediate (修复) the river, the government do a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees (防洪堤) . They plant trees, grass and flowers to green the riverside. They set up fences (防护栏) and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting waste water into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long-term plan to keep the river in good condition. Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again. The Hutuo River’s story shows that when people work together to take care of nature, good things can happen. 11．What was Wu Wenzhong’s favourite activity when he was a child? A．Boating. B．Swimming. C．Planting trees. D．Catching fish. 12．Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．How does the river look? B．When do people green the riverside? C．Why is the river important? D．What do the government do for the river? 13．What do we know about today’s Hutuo River? A．Many birds live around it. B．Factories get water from it. C．Over 20 kinds of fish live in it. D．Villagers make boats near it. （四） （2024·湖北武汉·中考真题） The silence of the pond (池塘) was broken by the first cry: “Found something!” A swimmer ducked (扎入) into the water with a lifeline connected to a boat. Soon, she appeared, holding a bright blue glass bottle. It was passed to another, then into the boat. On a fine Sunday morning in May, a team of 10 women over 65 years old, known as the Old Women Against Underwater Rubbish (OWAUR), looked for rubbish across Nova Pond in Scotia. When the team returned, they joked about the trip. “We didn’t even know what it was,” one swimmer said with a laugh, showing an electronic lighter they had found. “We had to ask a young person.” Part protection organization, part social club, OWAUR only accepted old women as its members. To improve the conditions of the ponds, the group made it its mission to take rubbish away from them. The idea of this group was from a moment of Sandy, a retired (退休的) reporter. As a lifelong nature lover, she liked swimming in ponds. However, the world of the pond, which was a little polluted, made her anxious. Then she came up with a slogan (标语): “OVER 65, IF YOU’RE HEALTHY ENOUGH, IS THE AGE OF ACTION.” Soon many people joined her. They found a sense of wonder at the pond cleanup moments. And their team could do a lot more than people might think. When many people thanked OWAUR for what they had done, some questioned why they called themselves “old women”. “You should call yourselves the Mermaids (美人鱼) Against Underwater Rubbish,” they said. 14．What does “another” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．A pond. B．A swimmer. C．A glass bottle. D．A boat. 15．The underlined word “mission” means “________”. A．an important task B．a fair game C．an interesting show D．a secret meeting 16．By searching for the rubbish in the ponds, OWAUR ________. A．found interest and did well B．changed people’s hobbies C．improved their health a lot D．won fame and got prizes 17．Why were the old women regarded as Mermaids? A．They must be good at swimming. B．They could be trusted by some people. C．They should be responsible for their group. D．They might be thought young and beautiful. 18．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Swimming Club B．A Worrying Pond C．A Ducking Moment D．A Warning Slogan （五） （2024·云南·中考真题） All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗池) and toilets (马桶) that conserve water. As for the materials used to build the building, it is important to use materials that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 19．What do we know about a green building? A．It is usually painted green outside. B．It uses more materials than other buildings. C．It is designed by famous architects. D．It is built in an environment-friendly way. 20．Why do architects design buildings to use natural light? A．To save energy. B．To save materials. C．To protect the plants. D．To protect the buildings. 21．What does the underlined word “conserve” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Save. B．Boil. C．Clean. D．Produce. 22．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By explaining reasons. 23．What can be the best title for the text? A．Designing Buildings B．Going Green C．Recycling Materials D．Using Energy （六） （2024·江苏南通·中考真题） My friend Julie and I are keen on creating a beautiful green town. Gardening Course Every September, our city has a special festival. Crowds of happy people go to the park, waving ribbons in their hands. That’s because the gardening competition takes place there. For Julie and me, it was a pity that we couldn’t take part in the competition, for that was also the first day of our high school. We buried ourselves in choosing courses. We wanted to learn all about plants, gardening and farming. Finally, a course called Agriculture and Wildlife came into our sight. We thought it would help us succeed as gardeners. Project presentation After a year’s study, Julie advised me to give a presentation. There was a small plastic model of my idea on the table. On the other side of the table, my teachers were waiting to see my project—the green farm. “Good morning!” I said “During my studies I’ve learned a lot about city farming. Now. I want to do something with what I’ve learned.” I showed them the model. “This is the high street of our town. This is an old, nine-floor car park. No one has used it for the last two years and it’s now for sale.” I continued the presentation. They could see my designs on the big screen when I talked. “I’ve designed a city farm using the car park building. There will be eight floors to farm fruit and vegetables. This design can help us collect rainwater to wet the soil. And we can also use energy from the sun to power the special growing lights. “ “I will hire the space out to local people and they will sell everything good enough for the environment in local shops. Also, the ninth floor will be for those who want to grow their own plants.” My audience looked interested and my project got the highest marks in my class. But in the real world. it couldn’t happen because the car park was not available. ▲ Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening, not in front of the Town Hall or the shopping centre. We tried to look for something different. Somewhere that was not the best neighbourhood, but a poor one. One where the road was full of holes and the pavement (人行道) was all broken. At last, we made it. In the neighbourbood, we posted letters through people’s doors with gardening instructions. More and more people cared about that and began to plant vegetable gardens. Then in the same neighbourhood, we put grass over those broken old pavements for the kids to play on. Finally, we put up a sign that said, “Have fun here.” When we finished, we were both covered in soil and completely exhausted. But Julie put an arm around my shoulders and smiled. “Not bad!” she said. “We can do more to make our town greener!”. 24．The writer mentioned the gardening competition to ________. A．change her gardening projects B．express her interest in gardening C．discuss ways to get good prizes D．tell stories of gardening courses 25．Which is the most suitable for ▲ ? A．Grass Spaces B．Farming Instructions C．Vegetable Gardens D．Gardening Experiences 26．Which of the following is the correct order of the story? a. Julie helped find a perfect place for gardening. b. The writer explained the green farm project. c. Julie and the writer posted letters to neighbours. d. Julie and the writer were busy choosing the courses. e. Old pavements were covered with grass for kids to play on. A．d-b-a-c-e B．d-a-b-e-c C．a-b-c-e-d D．a-d-b-c-e 27．According to the underlined sentence, Julie and the writer may ________. A．hire out their green farms for parking and camping B．find more open spaces to plant grass and vegetables C．sell their grass and vegetables to the neighbourhood D．put up more signs to ask kids to have fun on the grass （七） （2024·山东泰安·中考真题） When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world see nothing but skyglow (天光，人为白昼现象). This man-made brightening of the sky masks the stars. The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons. But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened? Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc. Of course, people in modern societies need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all safer with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be harmful. It masks the stars and disturbs our natural sleep patterns, causing greater risk of cancer and heart disease. Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light. Outdoor lights can be covered so that the light shines down to the ground only where it’s needed. People can be more careful about using lights only when and where they are necessary. Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness. Most bright white lights, including LEDs, give off a large amount of shorter-wavelength (波长较短的) blue light, which brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution. 28．By studying the night sky full of stars, ancient peoples did a lot except ________. A．naming the constellations B．sailing on the sea in the correct direction C．predicting the changing of the seasons D．letting man-made light enter into the night sky 29．Today most people can’t see the night sky full of stars because of ________. A．the excess light caused by humans B．the reduction of stars C．the changes in the position of stars D．the influence of weather 30．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．How to save electricity in our daily lives. B．How to choose light bulbs correctly. C．Two ways of reducing light pollution. D．The advantages and disadvantages of man-made light. 31．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Too much light at night can do harm to people’s health. B．Man-made light hides the stars when it enters into the night sky. C．In ancient times, the night sky played an important role in human life. D．Choosing shorter-wavelength blue light can help prevent harmful light pollution. （八） （2024·广东广州·中考真题） Have you ever heard of upcycling? It is a way of turning old or unnecessary things into something useful and often beautiful. Is it the same as recycling? Recycling usually takes old things, like paper and glass, and breaks them down to make a new product. When you upcycle an object, you are probably doing something different. You can simply refashion it. For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt. Also, the upcycled object is usually in the same, or even better condition. Upcycling isn’t a new idea. Some of the best examples of modem-day upcycling come from the old times. In those days, things were repurposed over and over until they were no longer useful. Upcycling is a way of life. Things shouldn’t be just thrown away when they can be saved and turned into something useful. It’s clear that upcycling is green. It is also considered to be more environmentally friendly than recycling. Upcycling can just require your own ideas and work, but recycling requires energy (能源) or water to break down things. Grace, a young woman from the UK, takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses, shoes and even hats. Every day she drinks some tea, then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them. When they’re dry, she takes the tea out and puts the bags together to make an item of clothing. This can take a long time, but Grace has made lots of artworks. In fact, no matter you create objects from old things or buy ready-made products from upcycled things, both ways are helpful for the environment and can bring you something that’s both beautiful and useful. Get started today! 32．What does the underlined word “refashion” mean in paragraph 2? A．Break down useless things. B．Collect used things. C．Create things out of old ones. D．Come up with good ideas. 33．How is upcycling different from recycling? A．It’s a completely new idea. B．It needs more energy. C．It requires more time and work. D．It’s a greener way of life. 34．Why does the writer tell the story of Grace in paragraph 5? A．To list the steps of doing upcycling. B．To give a good example of upcycling. C．To express a different idea of upcycling. D．To provide basic knowledge of upcycling. 35．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage people to do upcycling. B．To introduce the history of upcycling. C．To compare upcycling with recycling. D．To explain the importance of recycling （九） （2024·山东日照·中考真题） Sounds from human activities spread across the ocean, causing much trouble to ocean animals. However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water. Human-caused climate change influences the ocean in many ways, such as changing its temperature, salt level, and acidity (酸度). For example, when the water becomes more acidic, it can’t take in certain sounds. So those sounds travel further, adding to the noise in some areas. However, this effect (影响) is not as big as other changes. Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers (层) mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels. Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean. They compared the models of the world now to those of the world in about 70 years if climate change continues. In the North Atlantic, they saw an increase in sound levels in the upper 125 meters of the Ocean. This was caused mostly by ice melting (融化) from Greenland, forming a cold layer of water near the Ocean’s surface. When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer. This made sound waves get stuck in the cold top layer and spread further out across the water instead of traveling deeper. As a result, the sound became louder at this depth in the North Atlantic. The rising noise levels in the Atlantic Ocean are worrying as they could disturb animals’ communication, hunting and travelling. Sharks already avoid loud ships, but with noise levels increasing everywhere, what will happen? 36．What has a bigger effect on ocean noise? A．Sea level. B．Wind speed. C．Water temperature. D．Ocean acidity. 37．How did researchers carry out the study? A．By modeling changes in ocean noise levels. B．By finding areas with increasing ocean noise. C．By doing field research in the North Atlantic. D．By comparing today’s ice size to that of the future. 38．What do we know about the sound traveling through water? A．It can be easily blocked by ice. B．It can get stuck by the seaside. C．It goes towards the colder areas. D．It travels faster in the deep ocean. 39．What is the main idea of the text? A．Ice melting brings changes to water level. B．Some ocean animals keep away from ships. C．The more the ocean is acidic, the more sounds it takes in. D．Climate change may influence the way sounds travel in the ocean. （十） （2024·北京·中考真题） The school year began. As president of the recycling club, Scott was thinking about new activities to encourage other students to become more enthusiastic (热心的) about recycling. His club had helped to recycle a lot of waste for the past five years and he hoped that this year they would do even better. Scott went home one day and looked online, hoping to find ideas for events the club could organize at school. During his research, he learned that the amount (数量) of electronic waste, or e-waste, is increasing rapidly. Scott was upset with himself for not noticing this problem sooner. At that moment, he began to develop a plan. “There is a special project I want us to work on this term,” Scott announced (宣布) at the recycling club meeting the next day. “We have all heard about e-waste, but recently I learned about the bad effects it’s having on our environment.” He went on to tell the club members that he wanted them to organize an e-waste drive—a day when students and their families could drop off unwanted electronics to be recycled. “Now let’s get to work!” For several weeks, the recycling club was busy preparing for the upcoming e-waste drive, or e-drive as it was soon called. The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous. He and the other members arrived at school early to make sure that everything would go smoothly. Everyone waited eagerly, hoping that students of the school would take part in the event. It wasn’t long before the first cars pulled into the school parking lot. After a while, more people arrived. Phones, TV sets, computers and keyboards soon began piling up (堆积) . At the end of the event, Scott heard someone suggest that the school should have an e-drive event every term. Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting influence. 40．What did Scott learn during his research online? A．Students are enthusiastic about recycling. B．There is a lot of waste recycled every year. C．The amount of e-waste is increasing rapidly. D．There are many recycling clubs in the country. 41．How did Scott feel at first on that big day? A．Proud. B．Upset. C．Excited. D．Nervous. 42．What did Scott realize at the end of the e-drive event? A．Environmental problems could be solved. B．A simple action could bring a long- term effect. C．Teamwork is valuable for the success of events. D．Family members are interested in school activities. （十一） （2024·江苏盐城·中考真题） How can we stop climate change? How can we stop air pollution? How can we live on a green planet? One way is to use clean energy. Clean energy does not harm the Earth. It never runs out. Energy from the Sun is clean. We just need to learn how to get and store more of it. Plants use energy from the Sun. They use it to turn water and air into sugar. The sugar can be used as food. Scientists know a lot about how plants make food. Some scientists want to get energy from the Sun like plants do. They want to make a machine that can use sunlight to make fuel (燃料) from water. Water is made up of two different parts. Breaking water into its parts is hard. Plants do it all the time, though. It is part of how they make food. With energy from the Sun, the new machine will break water into its parts. One of the parts will be used as fuel. Then the fuel is used to make electricity (电). The electricity can power cars, houses, and so on. This fuel is better for the Earth than gasoline (汽油). It does not pollute the air. Plants can help us learn how to make clean energy! 43．How does the writer start this article? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By comparing facts. D．By giving examples. 44．What will the new machine do? A．Break water into its parts. B．Make some food from plants. C．Turn water and air into sugar. D．Produce sugar as new energy. 45．In which part of a magazine can we read the article? A．Health. B．Society. C．Science. D．History. （十二） （2024·宁夏·中考真题） Recycling is good for the environment. It can also do good to a community in surprising ways. Brian, a 15-year-old boy, knows this well. In 2020, he started a community recycling program to offer help to football clubs in his hometown, Wyre. It now has 3, 000 participants (参与者) . When Brian was 11, he played football with Fleetwood Town F. C． The club was new and needed money to travel to Premier League (英超联赛). Brian came up with a plan. “There were bottles always thrown around the road,” he said. “In Wyre, these can be collected for money.” With his father’s help, Brian started a bottle drive. Since then, Brian’s recycling effort has raised £35, 000 and helped at least 20 local youth groups. It has also stopped more than 200, 000 bottles from littering the roadside and polluting Wyre’s lakes and rivers. “It’s kept our community a lot cleaner.” he says. In 2023, Brian won The Duke of Edinburgh’s Prize for young heroes. The prize goes to kids and teenagers working to help others and protecting Planet Earth. “I’m happy to know that all these clubs and kids around the community are benefiting (受益)”, Brian says, when asked about all he’s finished with his cleanup effort. Brian believes everyone can—and should—be of service. “Just do a little bit to help make the world a little bit of a better place,” he says. “Be creative”, he adds. “Have an idea and build on it.” 46．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指)? A．The environment. B．Brian’s hometown. C．The football club. D．The recycling program. 47．Which is the right order of the following facts? ① Brian came up with a plan to raise money. ② Brian started a bottle drive with his father’s help. ③ Brian played football with Fleetwood Town F. C． ④ Brian won The Duke of Edinburgh’s Prize for young heroes. A．①③②④ B．①④③② C．③①②④ D．③①④② 48．What is Brian like according to the passage? A．Quiet and polite. B．Helpful and creative. C．Careful and friendly. D．Honest and hard-working. 49．What can be the best title for the passage? A．A Young Hero B．A Clean Community C．A Tour of Premier League D．A Prize for Kids and Teenagers （十三） （2024·湖南长沙·中考真题） The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago. Since then, it has enjoyed worldwide popularity. The great musical work includes four parts: “Spring”, “Summer”, “Autumn” and ‘‘Winter”. Each part brings to mind the season it is meant to describe. “Summer”, for example, begins slowly. Listeners can easily picture a hot, lazy summer day when nobody wants to move. When you listen to “Autumn”, a harvest (收获) celebration will readily come to mind. But now, Hache Costa, a music director in Spain, has decided to give the old work a fresh feel. He says the climate (气候) today is very different from what it was in the 1700s. The Four Seasons would be “a lot dirtier” if it were written now. Costa has “updated” the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world. The ‘“updated” musical work has been played in Madrid, Spain. The performance takes place in front of a screen. As the musicians play, a video shows the effects (影响) of climate change, such as forest fires and unusually dry weather. After enjoying it, people find the new “Summer” now sounds noisier and more powerful. Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel “really sad” after listening to the new Four Seasons. “I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet,” says Costa. “And I believe Vivaldi would not be angry with my changes.” 50．What do we know about The Four Seasons? A．It is still unpopular now. B．It was written by Hache Costa. C．It was first played about 300 years ago. 51．What will come to mind when we listen to the old “Autumn” according to the passage? A．Forest fires and dry weather. B．A harvest celebration. C．A hot lazy day. 52．Which is close to the underlined word “updated” in meaning in Paragraph 4? A．提上日程 B．追根溯源 C．赋予新意 53．Why did Hache Costa give the old work a fresh feel? A．To call on more people to love music. B．To raise public awareness of climate change. C．To present the story of Antonio Vivaldi’s colorful life. （十四） （2024·内蒙古通辽·中考真题） On a cold day in winter, a 13-year-old boy, living in Qinghai Province, was heading down a mountaintop with his family. Suddenly, they saw two snow leopards (雪豹) near the Lancang River. “I see them for the first time. They look so cool!” he said. Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered. Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve (保护区)  to better protect the area and the wildlife there. In these years, the number of wild animals has been increasing. More than 70,000 Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊) live there now. And over 1,000 snow leopards can be found in the area. It’s higher than the average number around the world. The local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to protect the environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. They still live on selling caterpillar fungus (冬虫夏草) they’ve found in grasslands. In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realized they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands. People also take their plastic bags and food waste down the mountain after eating. The local environment has taken on a new look. Many young people there said, “We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful.” 54．What can we know from paragraph 1 and paragraph 2? A．Snow leopards are in danger. B．A boy raised two snow leopards at home. C．Two snow leopards first appeared near the Yellow River. D．The grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan have disappeared. 55．Why did China build Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve? A．To develop the local tourist industry. B．To improve the natural environment. C．To provide a home for more people. D．To find the source of three rivers. 56．The local people in Sanjiangyuan has changed their way of ________. A．making a living B．crossing the grasslands C．carrying food with them D．dealing with waste 57．What does the underlined word “harmony” mean? A．智慧 B．和谐 C．伤害 D．忠诚 58．What can we infer from the passage? A．The local people won’t sell caterpillar fungus any more. B．Many young people choose to leave Sanjiangyuan. C．The future of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve will be better and better. D．The number of Tibetan antelopes in Sanjiangyuan is the smallest. 试卷第2页，共24页 试卷第1页，共24页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 阅读理解之环境保护篇解析版 1、 广西真题（2022-2024） （一） （2022·广西百色·中考真题） You probably see a lot of things made of plastic, like bottles and bags. What happens when the plastic was thrown away? Scientists say that much of it reaches the oceans in the end, and causes problems for ocean creatures (生物), like fish and birds. “Plastic makes ocean creatures in danger, some of them die when they are tangled (被缠绕) in pieces of plastic, and others eat the plastic and die, too.” says Allison Schutes of the Ocean Conservancy, a group that protects oceans. A recent study shows that lots of plastic reaches the oceans each minute. Scientists predict (预言) that by the year 2050, our oceans will have more plastic than fish. Most scientists say taking out all the plastic that has already in the oceans is impossible. Instead, they say the best way is to stop more plastic from reaching the oceans. Many groups are taking action. They pick up litter before it reaches the oceans. ▲ , volunteers from the Ocean Conservancy collected more than 16 million pounds of litter last year. Experts also encourage people to use less plastic. Many cities and towns in some countries have banned plastic bags. Experts also suggest that people should use more reusable bottles and bags. “These seem like small things,” says Schutes, “but they can help to make a big difference.” 根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。 1．How many things made of plastic are mentioned in this passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．It is predicted that by the year 2050, there will be ________ . A．no fish in the oceans B．no plastic in the oceans C．more plastic than fish in the oceans D．more fish than plastic in the oceans 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ . A．For example B．However C．In a word D．After all 4．What does the underlined word “banned” mean in Chinese? A．发明 B．生产 C．销售 D．禁止 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Bottles and Bags B．Fish and Birds C．Plastic and Ocean Creatures D．Scientists and Experts 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 【知识点】人与动植物、环境保护、环境污染、新闻报道 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了大量的生活垃圾进入海洋，尤其塑料袋，对海洋生物造成了严重的危害。文章呼吁人们保护环境，减少使用塑料袋。 1．细节理解题。根据“You probably see a lot of things made of plastic, like bottles and bags.”可知你可能见过很多塑料做的东西，比如瓶子和袋子。由此判断，文章中提到了两件由塑料制成的东西。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Scientists predict (预言) that by the year 2050, our oceans will have more plastic than fish.”可知科学家预言到2050年我们海洋中的塑料将超过鱼类。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“volunteers from the Ocean Conservancy collected more than 16 million pounds of litter last year.”可知去年来自海洋保护协会的志愿者们收集了超过1600万磅的塑料垃圾。由此推知，此处是举例说明他们在海滩上清理垃圾。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Experts also encourage people to use less plastic.”可知专家们也鼓励人们少用塑料。再根据下文“Experts also suggest that people should use more reusable bottles and bags.”可知专家还建议人们应该使用更多的可再次使用的塑料瓶和塑料袋。由此可知塑料袋应当被“禁止”使用，故推知“banned”是“禁止”的意思。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Scientists say that much of it reaches the oceans in the end，and causes problems for ocean creatures (生物), like fish and birds.”和全文可知，本文讲述了大量的生活垃圾进入海洋，尤其塑料袋，对海洋生物造成了严重的危害；呼吁人们保护环境，减少使用塑料袋。由此可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是“塑料和海洋生物”。故选C。 （二） （2022·广西·中考真题） ①Walk or drive to work? Which way is lower in carbon（碳）? To be friendly to the environment, you may choose to walk. Have you ever tried to live a low-carbon life through your diet（日常饮食）? ②A new study from the University of Oxford has looked into the health and environmental influences of 15 foods common in western diets. Among these, plant-based（基于植物的）foods included fruits, vegetables, nuts and potatoes. It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish. ③According to the study’s lead researcher, Michael Clark, “Choosing better and greener diets is one of the main ways people can improve their health and protect the environment.” That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment. ④To get this result, researchers compared the influence of eating another portion（一份）of each food with the increased risk of a few illnesses. They also find out the environmental harm for each animal-based food and each plant-based food. ⑤By using this method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment. Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane（甲烷）that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2. As well as making the earth warmer, eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses, such as heart trouble. ⑥Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefits in a much greener way. According to the study, without eating or using meat and milk products, global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and still feed the world. ⑦Speaking to the Guardian, Tim Benton of Chatham House said, “If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place.” 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。 6．Which one is animal-based food? A．Milk products. B．Fruits. C．Potatoes. D．Vegetables. 7．What’s the result of this study? A．Many people choose to walk to work. B．Plant-based diets are healthier and greener. C．The more we eat, the better the environment is. D．15 foods common in western diets are not healthy. 8．What is the main idea of paragraph⑤? A．The harm of CO2. B．The risk of heart trouble. C．A reason for keeping animals. D．Two disadvantages of red meats. 9．What does “benefits” in paragraph mean in Chinese? A．问题 B．方式 C．益处 D．状况 10．What will this study probably be used for? A．Teaching farmers to plant vegetables correctly. B．Offering doctors new methods to treat patients. C．Guiding people to lose weight by doing exercise. D．Giving official advice on health and environment. 【答案】6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．D 【知识点】健康饮食、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了低碳的日常饮食方式——植物性饮食，这种生活方式不仅对人们的健康有好处，对保护环境也有益处。 6．细节理解题。根据“It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish.”可知，动物性食物包括红肉、鸡肉、奶制品、鸡蛋和鱼，故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据“That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment”可知，植物性饮食对我们来说更健康，对环境更友好，故选B。 8．主旨大意题。根据“Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane（甲烷）that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2”及“As well as making the earth warmer, eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses, such as heart trouble”可知，第五段主要介绍了红肉的两个缺点，故选D。 9．词义猜测题。根据“Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefits in a much greener way”可知，植物性饮食可以以更绿色的方式给我们带来同样的健康益处，所以benefits表示“益处”，故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据“If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place”可知，目的是为了提供健康和环境方面的官方建议，故选D。 （三） （2022·广西贺州·中考真题） Several large companies have begun creating paper bottles to replace glass and plastic ones. A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. These companies are creating their own bottle designs. Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). The inside of the bottle needs a special liner (衬层) to make sure the liquid doesn’t leak through. Many companies are lining their bottles with thin plastic. Though bottle makers may say this liner can be removed and recycled, many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to deal with these liners. A Danish beer company called Carlsberg is working with Paboco on a paper bottle called the “Green Fiber Bottle”. Now the bottle uses a plastic liner. In the future the company hopes to use a “bio-plastic (生物塑料)” that will break down naturally over time. But even without the plastic, paper bottles aren’t perfect. Most paper bottles use wood pulp (木浆). That could lead to the loss of forests. Frugalpac, a company from the United Kingdom, has created bottles made of recycled paper, so no trees need to be cut down. Frugalpac still uses plastic liners, though. But with so many companies working towards the same goal, we will see more paper bottles on store shelves in the near future. 根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。 11．One of the biggest challenges of using paper bottles is _________. A．how to use few liners B．how to make perfect liners C．keeping the plastic bottles from breaking down D．keeping the paper bottles from leaking 12．What does the underlined word “Frugalpac” refer to? A．A Danish milk company. B．A Danish beer company. C．A company from the United States of America. D．A company from the United Kingdom. 13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．A company called Paboco has been working to develop paper bottles alone. B．Many paper bottles have thin plastic inside. C．It’s impossible to remove and recycle the liners of paper bottles. D．The loss of forests leads to the use of wood pulp in most paper bottles. 14．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Paper bottles are not perfect. B．Bottles are made of recycled paper. C．Some companies work to develop paper bottles. D．Some companies work to develop glass and plastic bottles. 【答案】11．D 12．D 13．B 14．C 【知识点】科普知识、发明与创造、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了几家大公司为了保护环境已经开始制造纸瓶来代替玻璃和塑料瓶，并简单地介绍了纸瓶的优缺点。 11．细节理解题。根据“one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). The inside of the bottle needs a special liner (衬层) to make sure the liquid doesn’t leak through.”可知，制作纸瓶子最大的挑战是防止液体泄露。故选D。 12．词句猜测题。根据“Frugalpac, a company from the United Kingdom,”可知，来自英国的公司Frugalpac用再生纸制造了瓶子，所以此处“Frugalpac”指代的是“一个英国公司”。故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据“Many companies are lining their bottles with thin plastic.”以及“Frugalpac still uses plastic liners, though.”可知，现在许多纸瓶内部都有薄塑料。故选B。 14．主旨大意题。根据“But with so many companies working towards the same goal, we will see more paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了几家大公司为了保护环境已经开始制造纸瓶来代替玻璃和塑料瓶。故选C。 （四） （2022·广西玉林·中考真题） For 17 years, Mohamed Nasar has supported his family of five by fishing in the Nile River. But the 58-year-old says fishermen like himself catch fewer fish every year as the Nile has been filled with plastic bottles, bags and other waste. “The fish are caught in the bottles, and they die,” said Nasar. A local environmental group named “VeryNile” has asked the island’s fishermen to use their boats to collect plastic bottles from the river. VeryNile says it buys the bottles at a higher price than the market price offered by traders or recycling factories. The initiative (倡议) provides a solution for helping to clean up the Nile, while providing a way to make more money for fishermen like Nasar. “This job has helped us a bit. We come and collect about 10 to 15 kilos of plastic bottles, and we get about 12 Egyptian pounds for each,” Nasar said when he sat in his boat collecting bottles. Nasar, who made about 100 EGP a day after six hours of fishing, can now make another 200 EGP by collecting bottles. Another fisherman said cleaner Nile water would mean more fish. “On the one hand, the Nile is cleaner, and on the other hand, the fisherman now has more ways to make money,” he said. With the help of more than 40 fishermen, over the past year VeryNile has collected around 18 tons of plastic bottles, and most of them went to the recycling factory and were made into new things. 15．Why did Nasar catch fewer fish every year? A．Because he was too old. B．Because he was too lazy. C．Because he has fished for 17 years in the Nile River. D．Because the Nile has been filled with plastic bottles, bags ad other waste. 16．What did VeryNile ask the fishermen to do? A．To catch fish. B．To sell the bottles to traders. C．To buy the bottles. D．To collect plastic bottles from the river. 17．Which place did most of the plastic bottles go to? A．The traders’ home. B．The recycling factory. C．The market. D．The fishermen’s home. 18．What was the main purpose of VeryNile? A．To make the fishermen busier. B．To make the Nile River cleaner. C．To make the Nile River have more fish. D．To make the fishermen set up recycling factories. 【答案】15．D 16．D 17．B 18．B 【知识点】公共服务、环境保护、记叙文 【导语】本文主要讲述了渔民们在尼罗河收集塑料垃圾，不但增加了渔民的收入，也使尼罗河变得更干净的事情。 15．细节理解题。根据“But the 58-year-old says fishermen like himself catch fewer fish every year as the Nile has been filled with plastic bottles, bags and other waste.”可知，因为尼罗河被塑料瓶、塑料袋和其他垃圾填满了，故选D。 16．细节理解题。根据“A local environmental group named “VeryNile” has asked the island’s fishermen to use their boats to collect plastic bottles from the river”可知，要求岛上的渔民使用他们的船只从河里收集塑料瓶，故选D。 17．细节理解题。根据“and most of them went to the recycling factory and were made into new things”可知，它们中的大多数被送往回收工厂，被制成新的东西，故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“The initiative (倡议) provides a solution for helping to clean up the Nile, while providing a way to make more money for fishermen like Nasar”可知，目的是为了让尼罗河变得更加干净，故选B。 二、全国真题（2024） （一） （2024·广东深圳·中考真题） After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world's oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat—has disappeared. If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean. The demand for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans. “People are consuming (消费) too much,” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute. A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal's life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food. The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying the environment. “If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,” says Morgan. “Then decide what you’re going to eat.” 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving a fact. B．By asking a question. C．By telling a story. D．By using a saying. 2．What does the underlined word “demand” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Wish. B．Support. C．Need. D．Price. 3．From Paragraph 3, we know that ________. A．if sharks die out, tuna will die out soon B．tuna will be more popular in restaurants C．tuna plays an important role in the ecosystem D．tuna disappeared because they found no food 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To tell people to stop polluting our oceans. B．To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans. C．To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood. D．To tell people to live a balanced and healthy life. 5．What does the last paragraph of the article explain ________. A．We need to care about wildlife B．We need to eat wild animals C．We need to reflect on our own values and beliefs D．We don’t want to protect wild animals 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【知识点】环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文作者通过科学家10年对金枪鱼的研究数据，向读者说明由于人们对鱼类需求的增加，造成了海洋生态系统的破坏，呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。 1．推理判断题。根据“After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world’s oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery...”可知，作者根据科学家研究发现事实引入本文内容。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子后面内容“Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat.”可知，很多人从鱼肉中获取蛋白质，医生也称赞海洋食物低脂肪，推测出因此造成了对鱼类需求的增加。因此，demand意为“需求”，与need同义。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down.”可知，金枪鱼在生态系统中起着重要作用。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear.”和“If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs”可知，作者通过本文想要呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“ ‘If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,’ says Morgan. ‘Then decide what you’re going to eat.’ ”可知，作者在最后一段表明了我们需要反思我们自己的价值观和信仰，故选C。 （二） （2024·四川雅安·中考真题） On November 13, 2023, people across Kenya (肯尼亚) took part in their first national tree-planting holiday. The holiday was created to encourage people to plant trees. Kenya is famous for its beautiful forests and wildlife. But large areas of Kenya’s forests have been cut down, either for the wood or for farming. So there is less and less land covered by forests in Kenya. The government has a goal of planting 15 billion trees by 2032 to cover 30% of its land with trees. In early November, the government announced (宣布) National Tree Growing Day would fall on November 13. To prepare for the day, the government got 150 million young trees ready for planting. The government also created a special app to help organize the tree planting. The app helps people collect young trees, find places to plant, and record their efforts. It also helps the government find out how many trees have been planted in different areas around the country. On that day, people all over Kenya turned out (出现) in large numbers to take part in the holiday. In the capital, hundreds of people joined in, even though it was raining. Government leaders led planting efforts in different parts of the country. Workers, students, families and other groups showed up to take part. 6．Why did Kenya create the tree-planting holiday? A．To help people relax. B．To tell people to develop farming. C．To encourage people to plant trees. D．To make people enjoy its beautiful forests. 7．Why is there less and less land covered by forests in Kenya? A．Because there are fewer farmers. B．Because wildlife needs the land. C．Because the rainwater takes away the land. D．Because people cut down the forests for a living. 8．How many trees does the Kenyan government want to plant by 2032? A．15 billion. B．13 million. C．30 billion. D．150 million. 9．What do we know about the special app in Paragraph 3? A．It is created to record the weather. B．It is helpful for people to collect young trees. C．It shows the number of trees in only one area. D．It tells people the importance of planting trees. 10．What was Kenyan people’s opinion about the national tree-planting holiday? A．They refused to join in it. B．They thought it was too boring. C．They made no effort to celebrate it. D．They provided strong support for it. 【答案】6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．D 【知识点】环境保护、说明文、其他节日 【导语】本文介绍了肯尼亚政府为了鼓励人们种树，设立了全国植树节，并通过一款特殊的应用程序来帮助组织植树活动。 6．细节理解题。根据第一段“On November 13, 2023, people across Kenya (肯尼亚) took part in their first national tree-planting holiday. The holiday was created to encourage people to plant trees.”可知，肯尼亚设立植树节是为了鼓励人们种树。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段“But large areas of Kenya’s forests have been cut down, either for the wood or for farming. So there is less and less land covered by forests in Kenya.”可知，肯尼亚的大片森林已经被人们为了木材或是农业而砍伐，故肯尼亚的森林面积越来越少是因为人们为了生活需要砍伐森林。故选D。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“The government has a goal of planting 15 billion trees by 2032 to cover 30% of its land with trees.”可知，肯尼亚政府希望到2032年种植150亿棵树。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“The app helps people collect young trees”可知，这款特殊的应用程序可以帮助人们收集幼树。故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，在植树节当天，肯尼亚各地的人们都参加了这个节日。在首都，尽管下着雨，仍有数百人参加了游行。政府领导人在全国不同地区领导了种植工作。工人、学生、家庭和其他团体纷纷参加。故可知肯尼亚人民对全国植树节给予了强烈的支持。故选D。 （三） （2024·河北·中考真题） The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei. About 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government’s work, it has become much cleaner. Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by, it got dirty and started to dry up. To remediate (修复) the river, the government do a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees (防洪堤) . They plant trees, grass and flowers to green the riverside. They set up fences (防护栏) and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting waste water into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long-term plan to keep the river in good condition. Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again. The Hutuo River’s story shows that when people work together to take care of nature, good things can happen. 11．What was Wu Wenzhong’s favourite activity when he was a child? A．Boating. B．Swimming. C．Planting trees. D．Catching fish. 12．Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．How does the river look? B．When do people green the riverside? C．Why is the river important? D．What do the government do for the river? 13．What do we know about today’s Hutuo River? A．Many birds live around it. B．Factories get water from it. C．Over 20 kinds of fish live in it. D．Villagers make boats near it. 【答案】11．D 12．D 13．A 【知识点】环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了河北省省会石家庄的母亲河——滹沱河的变迁。大约20年前，滹沱河污浊，几乎干涸。但是，由于政府的努力，滹沱河变得更加清洁。 11．细节理解题。根据第二段“My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best”可知，吴文忠小时候最喜欢的活动是捕鱼。故选D。 12．主旨大意题。第三段主要描述了政府为了修复滹沱河所做的一系列工作，如清理河流，建造防洪堤，绿化河边，设置防护栏和“禁止游泳”的标志，阻止工厂将废水排入河中，监视河流保持清洁，以及制定长期计划保持河流良好状态等。所以，问题“政府为河流做了什么？”可以帮助读者了解第三段的主要内容。故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again.”可知，现在有许多鸟类生活在滹沱河周围。故选A。 （四） （2024·湖北武汉·中考真题） The silence of the pond (池塘) was broken by the first cry: “Found something!” A swimmer ducked (扎入) into the water with a lifeline connected to a boat. Soon, she appeared, holding a bright blue glass bottle. It was passed to another, then into the boat. On a fine Sunday morning in May, a team of 10 women over 65 years old, known as the Old Women Against Underwater Rubbish (OWAUR), looked for rubbish across Nova Pond in Scotia. When the team returned, they joked about the trip. “We didn’t even know what it was,” one swimmer said with a laugh, showing an electronic lighter they had found. “We had to ask a young person.” Part protection organization, part social club, OWAUR only accepted old women as its members. To improve the conditions of the ponds, the group made it its mission to take rubbish away from them. The idea of this group was from a moment of Sandy, a retired (退休的) reporter. As a lifelong nature lover, she liked swimming in ponds. However, the world of the pond, which was a little polluted, made her anxious. Then she came up with a slogan (标语): “OVER 65, IF YOU’RE HEALTHY ENOUGH, IS THE AGE OF ACTION.” Soon many people joined her. They found a sense of wonder at the pond cleanup moments. And their team could do a lot more than people might think. When many people thanked OWAUR for what they had done, some questioned why they called themselves “old women”. “You should call yourselves the Mermaids (美人鱼) Against Underwater Rubbish,” they said. 14．What does “another” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．A pond. B．A swimmer. C．A glass bottle. D．A boat. 15．The underlined word “mission” means “________”. A．an important task B．a fair game C．an interesting show D．a secret meeting 16．By searching for the rubbish in the ponds, OWAUR ________. A．found interest and did well B．changed people’s hobbies C．improved their health a lot D．won fame and got prizes 17．Why were the old women regarded as Mermaids? A．They must be good at swimming. B．They could be trusted by some people. C．They should be responsible for their group. D．They might be thought young and beautiful. 18．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Swimming Club B．A Worrying Pond C．A Ducking Moment D．A Warning Slogan 【答案】14．B 15．A 16．A 17．D 18．C 【知识点】环境保护、记叙文 【导语】本文主要介绍了一个由10名65岁以上的女性组成的团队，被称为“反对水下垃圾的老妇人”，该组织将清除池塘中的垃圾作为自己的使命。 14．词义猜测题。根据“Soon, she appeared, holding a bright blue glass bottle. It was passed to another, then into the boat.”可知她出现了，手里拿着一个亮蓝色的玻璃瓶，它被传给了另一个人，然后又上了船，故此处another指代“游泳者”。故选B。 15．词义猜测题。根据“To improve the conditions of the ponds, the group made it its mission to take rubbish away from them”可知该组织将清除池塘中的垃圾作为自己的使命，故此处划线部分指代“重要的任务”。故选A。 16．推理判断题。根据“They found a sense of wonder at the pond cleanup moments. And their team could do a lot more than people might think”可知她们在清理池塘的时刻感到惊奇，她们的团队可以做比人们想象的多得多的事情，所以这个组织发现了兴趣并做得很好。故选A。 17．推理判断题。根据“some questioned why they called themselves ‘old women’. ‘You should call yourselves the Mermaids (美人鱼) Against Underwater Rubbish,’”可知一些人质疑她们为什么称自己为“老妇人”，认为她们应该称自己为反对水下垃圾的美人鱼，可推知他们认为这些老妇人可以被认为是年轻美丽的反对水下垃圾的美人鱼。故选D。 18．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一个由10名65岁以上的女性组成的团队，被称为“反对水下垃圾的老妇人”，该组织将清除池塘中的垃圾作为自己的使命，以选项C“入水时刻”为标题最合适。故选C。 （五） （2024·云南·中考真题） All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗池) and toilets (马桶) that conserve water. As for the materials used to build the building, it is important to use materials that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 19．What do we know about a green building? A．It is usually painted green outside. B．It uses more materials than other buildings. C．It is designed by famous architects. D．It is built in an environment-friendly way. 20．Why do architects design buildings to use natural light? A．To save energy. B．To save materials. C．To protect the plants. D．To protect the buildings. 21．What does the underlined word “conserve” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Save. B．Boil. C．Clean. D．Produce. 22．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By explaining reasons. 23．What can be the best title for the text? A．Designing Buildings B．Going Green C．Recycling Materials D．Using Energy 【答案】19．D 20．A 21．A 22．B 23．B 【知识点】科普知识、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍绿色建筑的相关内容。 19．细节理解题。根据“A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment.”可知，绿色建筑是以对环境无害的方式设计的。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据“There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light.”可知，建筑师利用自然光来设计建筑物是为了节约能源，故选A。 21．词句猜测题。根据“To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗池) and toilets (马桶) that conserve water. ”可知，为了节约用水，绿色建筑的屋顶上可以有收集雨水的区域，厨房和浴室可以有洗池和马桶，所以是可以用洗池和马桶来节约水，划线单词表示“节约”。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段内容“An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge ‘living roof’ of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! ”可知，作者通过举例支持第三段的主旨，故选B。 23．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍绿色建筑的相关内容，强调环保，所以B项最适合做标题。故选B。 （六） （2024·江苏南通·中考真题） My friend Julie and I are keen on creating a beautiful green town. Gardening Course Every September, our city has a special festival. Crowds of happy people go to the park, waving ribbons in their hands. That’s because the gardening competition takes place there. For Julie and me, it was a pity that we couldn’t take part in the competition, for that was also the first day of our high school. We buried ourselves in choosing courses. We wanted to learn all about plants, gardening and farming. Finally, a course called Agriculture and Wildlife came into our sight. We thought it would help us succeed as gardeners. Project presentation After a year’s study, Julie advised me to give a presentation. There was a small plastic model of my idea on the table. On the other side of the table, my teachers were waiting to see my project—the green farm. “Good morning!” I said “During my studies I’ve learned a lot about city farming. Now. I want to do something with what I’ve learned.” I showed them the model. “This is the high street of our town. This is an old, nine-floor car park. No one has used it for the last two years and it’s now for sale.” I continued the presentation. They could see my designs on the big screen when I talked. “I’ve designed a city farm using the car park building. There will be eight floors to farm fruit and vegetables. This design can help us collect rainwater to wet the soil. And we can also use energy from the sun to power the special growing lights. “ “I will hire the space out to local people and they will sell everything good enough for the environment in local shops. Also, the ninth floor will be for those who want to grow their own plants.” My audience looked interested and my project got the highest marks in my class. But in the real world. it couldn’t happen because the car park was not available. ▲ Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening, not in front of the Town Hall or the shopping centre. We tried to look for something different. Somewhere that was not the best neighbourhood, but a poor one. One where the road was full of holes and the pavement (人行道) was all broken. At last, we made it. In the neighbourbood, we posted letters through people’s doors with gardening instructions. More and more people cared about that and began to plant vegetable gardens. Then in the same neighbourhood, we put grass over those broken old pavements for the kids to play on. Finally, we put up a sign that said, “Have fun here.” When we finished, we were both covered in soil and completely exhausted. But Julie put an arm around my shoulders and smiled. “Not bad!” she said. “We can do more to make our town greener!”. 24．The writer mentioned the gardening competition to ________. A．change her gardening projects B．express her interest in gardening C．discuss ways to get good prizes D．tell stories of gardening courses 25．Which is the most suitable for ▲ ? A．Grass Spaces B．Farming Instructions C．Vegetable Gardens D．Gardening Experiences 26．Which of the following is the correct order of the story? a. Julie helped find a perfect place for gardening. b. The writer explained the green farm project. c. Julie and the writer posted letters to neighbours. d. Julie and the writer were busy choosing the courses. e. Old pavements were covered with grass for kids to play on. A．d-b-a-c-e B．d-a-b-e-c C．a-b-c-e-d D．a-d-b-c-e 27．According to the underlined sentence, Julie and the writer may ________. A．hire out their green farms for parking and camping B．find more open spaces to plant grass and vegetables C．sell their grass and vegetables to the neighbourhood D．put up more signs to ask kids to have fun on the grass 【答案】24．B 25．D 26．A 27．B 【知识点】环境保护、记叙文、种植与养殖 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者和作者的朋友热衷于创造一个美丽的绿色小镇，并介绍了她们的园艺项目。 24．推理判断题。根据“Every September, our city has a special festival. Crowds of happy people go to the park, waving ribbons in their hands. That’s because the gardening competition takes place there.”以及“For Julie and me, it was a pity that we couldn’t take part in the competition”可知很多人都快乐地去参加园艺比赛，但是作者和朋友很遗憾不能去，可推知作者提到园艺比赛是为了表达她对园艺的兴趣。故选B。 25．最佳标题题。根据“Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening, not in front of the Town Hall or the shopping centre. We tried to look for something different...”可知本部分主要介绍了作者和朋友她们的园艺经历。故选D。 26．细节理解题。根据“for that was also the first day of our high school. We buried ourselves in choosing courses”可知刚开始作者和朋友在忙着选课，故d排第一位，排除CD；根据“After a year’s study, Julie advised me to give a presentation.”可知作者介绍了她的绿色农场项目，故b排第二位，排除B。故选A。 27．推理判断题。根据“We can do more to make our town greener”可知我们可以做得更多，让我们的城市更绿，可推测她们会找更多的空地种草和蔬菜。故选B。 （七） （2024·山东泰安·中考真题） When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world see nothing but skyglow (天光，人为白昼现象). This man-made brightening of the sky masks the stars. The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons. But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened? Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc. Of course, people in modern societies need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all safer with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be harmful. It masks the stars and disturbs our natural sleep patterns, causing greater risk of cancer and heart disease. Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light. Outdoor lights can be covered so that the light shines down to the ground only where it’s needed. People can be more careful about using lights only when and where they are necessary. Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness. Most bright white lights, including LEDs, give off a large amount of shorter-wavelength (波长较短的) blue light, which brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution. 28．By studying the night sky full of stars, ancient peoples did a lot except ________. A．naming the constellations B．sailing on the sea in the correct direction C．predicting the changing of the seasons D．letting man-made light enter into the night sky 29．Today most people can’t see the night sky full of stars because of ________. A．the excess light caused by humans B．the reduction of stars C．the changes in the position of stars D．the influence of weather 30．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．How to save electricity in our daily lives. B．How to choose light bulbs correctly. C．Two ways of reducing light pollution. D．The advantages and disadvantages of man-made light. 31．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Too much light at night can do harm to people’s health. B．Man-made light hides the stars when it enters into the night sky. C．In ancient times, the night sky played an important role in human life. D．Choosing shorter-wavelength blue light can help prevent harmful light pollution. 【答案】28．D 29．A 30．C 31．D 【知识点】科普知识、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了光污染对夜空的影响，特别是如何减少光污染以便更好地看到星空。 28．细节理解题。根据“The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons.”可知，古人命名了星座、利用太阳和星星的指引在海上航行、预测季节变化，但没有提到让人造光进入夜空。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据“ But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened?...Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc.”可知，光污染是主要原因，而光污染是由人类活动产生的过多光线造成的。故选A。 30．主旨大意题。根据“Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light...Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness.”可知，最后一段主要讲了减少光污染的两种方法：减少浪费光线和选择合适的灯泡。故选C。 31．细节理解题。根据“Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution.”可知，文章建议选择长波长的黄光或橙光来减少光污染，D选项与文章内容不符。故选D。 （八） （2024·广东广州·中考真题） Have you ever heard of upcycling? It is a way of turning old or unnecessary things into something useful and often beautiful. Is it the same as recycling? Recycling usually takes old things, like paper and glass, and breaks them down to make a new product. When you upcycle an object, you are probably doing something different. You can simply refashion it. For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt. Also, the upcycled object is usually in the same, or even better condition. Upcycling isn’t a new idea. Some of the best examples of modem-day upcycling come from the old times. In those days, things were repurposed over and over until they were no longer useful. Upcycling is a way of life. Things shouldn’t be just thrown away when they can be saved and turned into something useful. It’s clear that upcycling is green. It is also considered to be more environmentally friendly than recycling. Upcycling can just require your own ideas and work, but recycling requires energy (能源) or water to break down things. Grace, a young woman from the UK, takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses, shoes and even hats. Every day she drinks some tea, then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them. When they’re dry, she takes the tea out and puts the bags together to make an item of clothing. This can take a long time, but Grace has made lots of artworks. In fact, no matter you create objects from old things or buy ready-made products from upcycled things, both ways are helpful for the environment and can bring you something that’s both beautiful and useful. Get started today! 32．What does the underlined word “refashion” mean in paragraph 2? A．Break down useless things. B．Collect used things. C．Create things out of old ones. D．Come up with good ideas. 33．How is upcycling different from recycling? A．It’s a completely new idea. B．It needs more energy. C．It requires more time and work. D．It’s a greener way of life. 34．Why does the writer tell the story of Grace in paragraph 5? A．To list the steps of doing upcycling. B．To give a good example of upcycling. C．To express a different idea of upcycling. D．To provide basic knowledge of upcycling. 35．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage people to do upcycling. B．To introduce the history of upcycling. C．To compare upcycling with recycling. D．To explain the importance of recycling 【答案】32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A 【知识点】科普知识、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了升级回收 （upcycling）的概念、与普通回收（recycling）的区别、其环保优势以及通过 Grace 的故事展示了 “升级回收 ” 的实际应用，旨在鼓励人们进行“升级回收 ”。 32． 词义猜测题。根据“ For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt”可知，refashion的意思是“用旧的东西创造新的东西”，故选C。 33．细节理解题。根据“It’s clear that upcycling is green. It is also considered to be more environmentally friendly than recycling”可知，“升级回收”是一种更环保的生活方式，故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据“Grace, a young woman from the UK, takes used tea bags and tums them into dresses, shoes and even hats”可知，作者通过Grace的故事来举一个“升级回收 ”的好例子，故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据“Get started today!”以及全文内容可知，文章的主要目的是鼓励人们进行“升级回收 ”，故选A。 （九） （2024·山东日照·中考真题） Sounds from human activities spread across the ocean, causing much trouble to ocean animals. However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water. Human-caused climate change influences the ocean in many ways, such as changing its temperature, salt level, and acidity (酸度). For example, when the water becomes more acidic, it can’t take in certain sounds. So those sounds travel further, adding to the noise in some areas. However, this effect (影响) is not as big as other changes. Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers (层) mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels. Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean. They compared the models of the world now to those of the world in about 70 years if climate change continues. In the North Atlantic, they saw an increase in sound levels in the upper 125 meters of the Ocean. This was caused mostly by ice melting (融化) from Greenland, forming a cold layer of water near the Ocean’s surface. When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer. This made sound waves get stuck in the cold top layer and spread further out across the water instead of traveling deeper. As a result, the sound became louder at this depth in the North Atlantic. The rising noise levels in the Atlantic Ocean are worrying as they could disturb animals’ communication, hunting and travelling. Sharks already avoid loud ships, but with noise levels increasing everywhere, what will happen? 36．What has a bigger effect on ocean noise? A．Sea level. B．Wind speed. C．Water temperature. D．Ocean acidity. 37．How did researchers carry out the study? A．By modeling changes in ocean noise levels. B．By finding areas with increasing ocean noise. C．By doing field research in the North Atlantic. D．By comparing today’s ice size to that of the future. 38．What do we know about the sound traveling through water? A．It can be easily blocked by ice. B．It can get stuck by the seaside. C．It goes towards the colder areas. D．It travels faster in the deep ocean. 39．What is the main idea of the text? A．Ice melting brings changes to water level. B．Some ocean animals keep away from ships. C．The more the ocean is acidic, the more sounds it takes in. D．Climate change may influence the way sounds travel in the ocean. 【答案】36．C 37．A 38．C 39．D 【知识点】科普知识、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文讲述了气候变化如何影响声音在海洋中的传播。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段“Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels.”可知，水温对海洋噪音的影响更大。故选C。 37．细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean.”可知，研究人员通过模拟海洋噪音水平的变化来进行研究。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据第四段“When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer.”可知，声音在水中传播时会朝向较冷的区域。故选C。 39．主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了气候变化可能会影响声音在海洋中的传播方式。故选D。 （十） （2024·北京·中考真题） The school year began. As president of the recycling club, Scott was thinking about new activities to encourage other students to become more enthusiastic (热心的) about recycling. His club had helped to recycle a lot of waste for the past five years and he hoped that this year they would do even better. Scott went home one day and looked online, hoping to find ideas for events the club could organize at school. During his research, he learned that the amount (数量) of electronic waste, or e-waste, is increasing rapidly. Scott was upset with himself for not noticing this problem sooner. At that moment, he began to develop a plan. “There is a special project I want us to work on this term,” Scott announced (宣布) at the recycling club meeting the next day. “We have all heard about e-waste, but recently I learned about the bad effects it’s having on our environment.” He went on to tell the club members that he wanted them to organize an e-waste drive—a day when students and their families could drop off unwanted electronics to be recycled. “Now let’s get to work!” For several weeks, the recycling club was busy preparing for the upcoming e-waste drive, or e-drive as it was soon called. The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous. He and the other members arrived at school early to make sure that everything would go smoothly. Everyone waited eagerly, hoping that students of the school would take part in the event. It wasn’t long before the first cars pulled into the school parking lot. After a while, more people arrived. Phones, TV sets, computers and keyboards soon began piling up (堆积) . At the end of the event, Scott heard someone suggest that the school should have an e-drive event every term. Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting influence. 40．What did Scott learn during his research online? A．Students are enthusiastic about recycling. B．There is a lot of waste recycled every year. C．The amount of e-waste is increasing rapidly. D．There are many recycling clubs in the country. 41．How did Scott feel at first on that big day? A．Proud. B．Upset. C．Excited. D．Nervous. 42．What did Scott realize at the end of the e-drive event? A．Environmental problems could be solved. B．A simple action could bring a long- term effect. C．Teamwork is valuable for the success of events. D．Family members are interested in school activities. 【答案】40．C 41．D 42．B 【知识点】社团/俱乐部、环境保护、记叙文 【导语】本文主要介绍了Scott制定电子产品回收计划的执行过程以及它所产生的积极作用。 40．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“During his research, he learned that the amount (数量) of electronic waste, or e-waste, is increasing rapidly.”可知，Scott了解到电子垃圾的数量正在迅速增加。故选C。 41．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous.”可知，在重要的日子到来时，Scott很紧张。故选D。 42．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting influence.”可知，Scott意识到一个简单的举动可以产生持久的影响。故选B。 （十一） （2024·江苏盐城·中考真题） How can we stop climate change? How can we stop air pollution? How can we live on a green planet? One way is to use clean energy. Clean energy does not harm the Earth. It never runs out. Energy from the Sun is clean. We just need to learn how to get and store more of it. Plants use energy from the Sun. They use it to turn water and air into sugar. The sugar can be used as food. Scientists know a lot about how plants make food. Some scientists want to get energy from the Sun like plants do. They want to make a machine that can use sunlight to make fuel (燃料) from water. Water is made up of two different parts. Breaking water into its parts is hard. Plants do it all the time, though. It is part of how they make food. With energy from the Sun, the new machine will break water into its parts. One of the parts will be used as fuel. Then the fuel is used to make electricity (电). The electricity can power cars, houses, and so on. This fuel is better for the Earth than gasoline (汽油). It does not pollute the air. Plants can help us learn how to make clean energy! 43．How does the writer start this article? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By comparing facts. D．By giving examples. 44．What will the new machine do? A．Break water into its parts. B．Make some food from plants. C．Turn water and air into sugar. D．Produce sugar as new energy. 45．In which part of a magazine can we read the article? A．Health. B．Society. C．Science. D．History. 【答案】43．B 44．A 45．C 【知识点】科普知识、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要讨论的是利用太阳能和植物的原理来制造清洁能源。清洁能源对地球无害。它永远不会用完。我们只需要学习如何获取和储存更多的能量。 43．细节理解题。根据“How can we stop climate change? How can we stop air pollution? How can we live on a green planet?”可知，文章开头通过提出一系列问题引出主题，故选B。 44．细节理解题。根据“With energy from the Sun, the new machine will break water into its parts.”可知，新的机器将利用太阳能将水分解成其组成部分，故选A。 45．推理判断题。文章主要讨论的是利用太阳能和植物的原理来制造清洁能源，这属于科学范畴，故选C。 （十二） （2024·宁夏·中考真题） Recycling is good for the environment. It can also do good to a community in surprising ways. Brian, a 15-year-old boy, knows this well. In 2020, he started a community recycling program to offer help to football clubs in his hometown, Wyre. It now has 3, 000 participants (参与者) . When Brian was 11, he played football with Fleetwood Town F. C． The club was new and needed money to travel to Premier League (英超联赛). Brian came up with a plan. “There were bottles always thrown around the road,” he said. “In Wyre, these can be collected for money.” With his father’s help, Brian started a bottle drive. Since then, Brian’s recycling effort has raised £35, 000 and helped at least 20 local youth groups. It has also stopped more than 200, 000 bottles from littering the roadside and polluting Wyre’s lakes and rivers. “It’s kept our community a lot cleaner.” he says. In 2023, Brian won The Duke of Edinburgh’s Prize for young heroes. The prize goes to kids and teenagers working to help others and protecting Planet Earth. “I’m happy to know that all these clubs and kids around the community are benefiting (受益)”, Brian says, when asked about all he’s finished with his cleanup effort. Brian believes everyone can—and should—be of service. “Just do a little bit to help make the world a little bit of a better place,” he says. “Be creative”, he adds. “Have an idea and build on it.” 46．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指)? A．The environment. B．Brian’s hometown. C．The football club. D．The recycling program. 47．Which is the right order of the following facts? ① Brian came up with a plan to raise money. ② Brian started a bottle drive with his father’s help. ③ Brian played football with Fleetwood Town F. C． ④ Brian won The Duke of Edinburgh’s Prize for young heroes. A．①③②④ B．①④③② C．③①②④ D．③①④② 48．What is Brian like according to the passage? A．Quiet and polite. B．Helpful and creative. C．Careful and friendly. D．Honest and hard-working. 49．What can be the best title for the passage? A．A Young Hero B．A Clean Community C．A Tour of Premier League D．A Prize for Kids and Teenagers 【答案】46．D 47．C 48．B 49．A 【知识点】其他人、志愿服务、环境保护、记叙文 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个15岁的男孩通过回收废品来赚取收益，这种方式不仅对环境有好处，而且也帮助了别人。 46．词义猜测题。根据“In 2020, he started a community recycling program to offer help to football clubs in his hometown, Wyre. It now has 3, 000 participants”可知，“社区回收项目”已经有3000名参与者，故选D。 47．细节理解题。根据“When Brian was 11, he played football with Fleetwood Town F. C.”可知，③排在第一位，排除A和B选项。根据“The club was new and needed money to travel to Premier League (英超联赛) . Brian came up with a plan”可知，①排在第二位。根据“With his father’s help, Brian started a bottle drive.”可知，②排在第三位，排除D选项，故选C。 48．推理判断题。根据“In 2020, he started a community recycling program to offer help to football clubs in his hometown, Wyre.”“Brian came up with a plan. ‘There were bottles always thrown around the road,’ he said. ‘In Wyre, these can be collected for money.’” “Since then, Brian’s recycling effort has raised £35, 000 and helped at least 20 local youth groups. ”可知，他想出通过回收瓶子的方式来赚钱，他开始一个社区回收项目来给足球俱乐部提供更多的帮助，回收工作已经筹集了35000英镑，并帮助了至少20个当地青年团体。由此可知，他既乐于助人又有创造力，故选B。 49．最佳标题题。通读全文尤其是“In 2023, Brian won The Duke of Edinburgh’s Prize for young heroes”可知，本文主要讲述了一个15岁的男孩通过回收废品来赚取收益，这种方式不仅对环境有好处，而且也帮助了别人，A选项“一位年轻的英雄”符合本文标题，故选A。 （十三） （2024·湖南长沙·中考真题） The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago. Since then, it has enjoyed worldwide popularity. The great musical work includes four parts: “Spring”, “Summer”, “Autumn” and ‘‘Winter”. Each part brings to mind the season it is meant to describe. “Summer”, for example, begins slowly. Listeners can easily picture a hot, lazy summer day when nobody wants to move. When you listen to “Autumn”, a harvest (收获) celebration will readily come to mind. But now, Hache Costa, a music director in Spain, has decided to give the old work a fresh feel. He says the climate (气候) today is very different from what it was in the 1700s. The Four Seasons would be “a lot dirtier” if it were written now. Costa has “updated” the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world. The ‘“updated” musical work has been played in Madrid, Spain. The performance takes place in front of a screen. As the musicians play, a video shows the effects (影响) of climate change, such as forest fires and unusually dry weather. After enjoying it, people find the new “Summer” now sounds noisier and more powerful. Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel “really sad” after listening to the new Four Seasons. “I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet,” says Costa. “And I believe Vivaldi would not be angry with my changes.” 50．What do we know about The Four Seasons? A．It is still unpopular now. B．It was written by Hache Costa. C．It was first played about 300 years ago. 51．What will come to mind when we listen to the old “Autumn” according to the passage? A．Forest fires and dry weather. B．A harvest celebration. C．A hot lazy day. 52．Which is close to the underlined word “updated” in meaning in Paragraph 4? A．提上日程 B．追根溯源 C．赋予新意 53．Why did Hache Costa give the old work a fresh feel? A．To call on more people to love music. B．To raise public awareness of climate change. C．To present the story of Antonio Vivaldi’s colorful life. 【答案】50．C 51．B 52．C 53．B 【知识点】音乐与舞蹈、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍意大利音乐家创作了《四季》，现在西班牙音乐总监哈奇·科斯塔决定给这部老作品赋予一种新鲜感，他希望更多的人真正意识到气候变化的影响。 50．细节理解题。根据“The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago.”可知，意大利音乐家安东尼奥·维瓦尔第创作的《四季》首次演奏是在大约300年前。故选C。 51．细节理解题。根据“When you listen to ‘Autumn’, a harvest (收获) celebration will readily come to mind.”可知，当你听到“秋天”时，你会很容易想到丰收的庆祝。故选B。 52．词句猜测题。根据“Costa has ‘updated’ the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world.”可知，使其符合现代世界的现实，所以是给这部音乐作品“赋予新意”，故选C。 53．推理判断题。根据“Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel ‘really sad’ after listening to the new Four Seasons.”和“I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet.”可知，由于全球变暖，其他三个季节变短了。科斯塔说，他预计人们在听了新的《四季》之后会感到“非常难过”。作者希望更多的人真正意识到我们的星球正在发生什么。由此可知，Hache Costa给老作品带来新鲜感是为了提高公众对气候变化的认识。故选B。 （十四） （2024·内蒙古通辽·中考真题） On a cold day in winter, a 13-year-old boy, living in Qinghai Province, was heading down a mountaintop with his family. Suddenly, they saw two snow leopards (雪豹) near the Lancang River. “I see them for the first time. They look so cool!” he said. Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered. Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve (保护区)  to better protect the area and the wildlife there. In these years, the number of wild animals has been increasing. More than 70,000 Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊) live there now. And over 1,000 snow leopards can be found in the area. It’s higher than the average number around the world. The local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to protect the environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. They still live on selling caterpillar fungus (冬虫夏草) they’ve found in grasslands. In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realized they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands. People also take their plastic bags and food waste down the mountain after eating. The local environment has taken on a new look. Many young people there said, “We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful.” 54．What can we know from paragraph 1 and paragraph 2? A．Snow leopards are in danger. B．A boy raised two snow leopards at home. C．Two snow leopards first appeared near the Yellow River. D．The grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan have disappeared. 55．Why did China build Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve? A．To develop the local tourist industry. B．To improve the natural environment. C．To provide a home for more people. D．To find the source of three rivers. 56．The local people in Sanjiangyuan has changed their way of ________. A．making a living B．crossing the grasslands C．carrying food with them D．dealing with waste 57．What does the underlined word “harmony” mean? A．智慧 B．和谐 C．伤害 D．忠诚 58．What can we infer from the passage? A．The local people won’t sell caterpillar fungus any more. B．Many young people choose to leave Sanjiangyuan. C．The future of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve will be better and better. D．The number of Tibetan antelopes in Sanjiangyuan is the smallest. 【答案】54．A 55．B 56．D 57．B 58．C 【知识点】环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了设立了三江源自然保护区以来所发生的变化。 54．推理判断题。根据“Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered.”可知，前两段主要是说气候的变化使雪豹的数量减少。故选A。 55．推理判断题。根据“Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there.”可知，中国建立三江源自然保护区是为了改善自然环境，保护野生动物。故选B。 56．细节理解题。根据“In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realized they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands.”可知，过去人们把食物装在塑料袋里随身携带，把塑料袋和食物垃圾扔得到处都是。但是现在他们经常在草原上捡垃圾。因此他们改变了处理垃圾的方式。故选D。 57．词句猜测题。根据“But now the local people have realized they should live together with nature in harmony.”和“We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful.”可知，当地人意识到人类应该与自然和谐共处，因此harmony意为“和谐”。故选B。 58．推理判断题。根据“We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful.”可知，人们会继续采取措施保护环境，因此三江源自然保护区的未来会更好。故选C。 试卷第32页，共34页 试卷第33页，共34页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$