专题01 冠词、介词、数词高频考点 -备战2025年中考英语真题题源解密（上海专用）

专题01 冠词、介词、数词、 冠词、介词、数词是中考最基础考向之一，考查范围是中考必备基础词法知识点。冠词在中考中主要考查定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词及语境应用。介词主要考查基本常见用法，偏重介词词组搭配。数词重点考查分数及不确切的数字的表达。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 冠词 1.a（泛指）——第一次提到，表“一个” 2.the（特指）——表示特指“这个”，通常指代上文中有所提及的事物或人。 3.元音发音要用an： 通常以a,e,i,o,u开头的可数名词单数要用an 用在辅音因素开头的单词 a +university , uniform, useful, useless 用在元音因素开头的单词前 an+ hour ，honest 球类前不加the，乐器前要加the. 介词 1.常考介词用法 2.表示地点的介词 3.表方式介词用法 4.表方式介词用法 5.一些介词固定搭配 在近几年的考试中，对介词的考查，重心放在了固定搭配上。对于介词部分的复习，应当加强关注考纲词组的搭配, 要强化记忆常用配搭。例如：consist of; be proud of等。 数词 1.基数词用法、序数词用法 2.分数、小数和百分比的表达 3.常考点： hundred, thousand, million等用法 4.易错点：固定搭配 e.g. in my fifties 序数词与a 连用表示又一，再一 e.g. a second time 中考中对数词的考查主要集中基数词和序数词的用法和区别上，有时也考查其他的相关用法。比如用数词表示分数，用数词编号等，另外，hundred，thousand，million的用法也是一个需要注意的语法知识点。特别注意不确切的数字的表达。 ►考向一 冠词考点 高频易混易错副词梳理/归纳 不定冠词 1、a, an 1. a boy 2. an island, an elephant, an umbrella 3. an hour an honest boy 4. a university, a European（欧洲的）country 2、泛指某一类人、事或物 1. A grammar book is necessary to a language learner. 2. A horse is a useful animal. 3、表示“每一”，相当于every I go to school five days a week.我每周上五天课。 4、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一” I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one. 5、用在某些固定词组中 a lot(of)(许多，大量), after a while(过一会儿), have a rest（休息）, have a look（瞧瞧）,have a good time（过得开心）, take a shower（淋浴）, take a break（休息）, take a bath（洗澡）, get a cold（患感冒）, get a fever（发烧）, make a living（谋生）,in a moment（过一会儿） 定冠词 1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物 1. The blue shirt is mine 2. Open the window, please. 3. I have a car. The car is red. 2、指世界上独一无二的事物 Which is bigger, the sun or the earth? 3、用在序数词，形容词最高级前 The first lesson is the easiest one in this book. 4、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States, the UK 5、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人 the poor穷人,the blind盲人 6、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩” the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩 7、用在方位词前 on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间 8、用在乐器名称前 She plays the piano every day.她每天弹钢琴。 9、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前 the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江 10、用在某些固定词组中 all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服； in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外 零冠词 1、在专有名词和不可数名词前 Tian’an Men Square天安门广场 2、在星期，月份，季节，节日前 特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词 on Sunday在周日，in March在三月，in spring在春天，on Women’s Day在妇女节 He joined the Army in the spring of 1982. 3、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动前 1. Among the subjects, I like English best. 2. I have lunch at school every day. 3. I play football every Thursday afternoon. 4、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前 5、某些固定词组中不用冠词。 (1)与by连用的交通工具名称前 (2)名词词组 (3)介词词组 (4)go短语 No.25 Middle School (1) by bus, by car, by bike, by train, by air/plane, by sea/ship (但: take a bus，in a boat，on the bike) (2) day and night, hour after hour, here and there (3) at home, in surprise, at noon, on foot, at night, on duty, at work, on time, for example, in class, on show, in bed (4) go home, go to bed, go to school, go to work, go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing 用与不用冠词 难点 1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里 2. in front of在……(外部的)前面/in the front of在……(内部的)前面 3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替 4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去 5. next year明年/the next year 第二年 6.a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一人) a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两人) 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）We Chinese have the tradition of respecting________old. A) the B)/ C) an D) a 2.（2022·上海中考真题）The young man often gives ________ helping hand to the old in his neighbourhood. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3．（2020·上海中考真题）Kelly's cheese cakes were sold out within half________hour at the night market. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4. （2019·上海中考真题）Benjamin has learned that it is not polite to make fun of others. A. a B. an C. the D. / 5.（2018·上海中考真题）Hurry up! The concert will begin in_________ minute. A) a B) an C)the D)/ 6．（2017·上海中考真题）Christine is selling her house，but on ______ other hand she doesn't want to move． A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7（2016·上海中考真题）The teenagers had ____________good time in the summer camp in their sister school. A. a B . an C . the D．/ ►考向二 介词考点 高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳 1. for与of 1. It’s too hard for me to finish the work in only one hour. 2. The house is big enough for 10 men to live in. 3. It’s very nice/kind of you to do so. 2. 介词有时会与它的宾语分离,而且宾语有时前置 1. He has a younger brother who he must take good care of. 2. Who are you talking about? = 3. Do you know who our teacher is talking with over there? = 4. I finally found a chair to sit on. 3. in、on与at 1. I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning. 2. He was born on the morning of May 10th. 3. His glasses are right on his nose. 4. He is at the cinema at the moment. 4. after与in 1. He said that he would be here after 6：00. 2. My father is coming back from England in about a month. 5. since与for 3. Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970. 4. Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 40 years. 6.by、in与with 1. Let’s go to the zoo by taxi. 2. It was written by Lao She. 3. Please write that article(文章) in English. 4. We see with our eyes and walk with our feet. 7. about与on 1. They are very excited talking about the coming field trip. 2. Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America. 8. across, over与through 1. Just then a rat (鼠)ran across the road. 2. There is a bridge over the river. 3. The visitors went through a big gate into another park. 9. as与like 1. Let me speak to you as a father. 2. Let me speak to you like a father. 10. by the end of, at the end of, in the end, to the end 1. By the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book III. 2. At the end of the road you can find a big white house with brown windows. 3. They left for Beijing at the end of last week. 4. In the end he succeeded in the final exams. 5. We should go on with the work to the end. 6. Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office. 11. for a moment、for the moment、in a moment与at the moment 1. Please wait for a moment. 2. Let’s leave things as they are for the moment? 3. I’ll come back in a moment. 4. I am very busy at the moment. 12. but 1. I could do nothing but wait. 2. They had no choice(选择) but to fight. 13. in front of 与in the front of 1. A car was parking in front of the hall. 2. In the front of the hall stood a big desk. 14. except与besides 1. Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom. 2. Besides Chinese he also studied many other subjects. 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）The research group consisted ________ three generations of scientists. A) for B) with C) of D) about 2.（2022·上海中考真题）Will Alice take charge _______ the coming painting exhibition? A. for B. with C. of D. from 3．（2019·上海·中考真题）Frank held his breath the water to search for his ring in the swimming pool. A．at B．by C．over D．under 4．（2018·上海·中考真题）Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup______July. A．on B．in C．at D．of 5．（2017·上海·中考真题）Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City __________ the airport. A．at B．under C．on D．with 6．（2016·上海·中考真题）The local community center is open____________ Monday to Saturday. A．in B．from C．for D．on 7．（2015·上海·中考真题） I love this picture ______ you beside the music fountain. A．in B．of C．on D．at 8．（2014·上海·中考真题）More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work__________ underground. A．in B．with C．by D．for 9．（2013·上海·中考真题）Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays__________ October! A．in B．on C．at D．to 10．（2014·上海·中考真题）Students are encouraged to share their learning experience__________ their classmates. A．to B．in C．at D．with 11．（2012·上海·中考真题）You really don’t have to worry ________ your weight. You look just right. A．for B．from C．with D．about ►考向三 数词考点 高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳 1. 序数词的拼写 序数词 缩写 序数词 缩写 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-fifth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth 20th 21st 30th 35th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 2. 表示计量： 即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。 It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high). 它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。 3. 表示编号： 编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。 1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten    第10课 2. Room 405                   第405号房           3. Page 215                    第215页 4. No.14 Middle School          第14中学 5. Telephone NO.5855806         电话： 5855806 4. 表示不确切的数字： 基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。 1. five hundred students           500名学生 2. two thousand people            2000人 3. five dozen pencils              5打铅笔 4. hundreds of students            几百名学生 5. millions of workers             成千上万的工人 6. scores of chairs                几十张椅子 5. 表示年龄和岁数 1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old.             = He is 10 yeas old.                          = He is 10 (years of age).                       = He is a ten-year-old boy.                      2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.  3. My father is in his fifties.        我爸爸50多岁。 6. 表示年代： 表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the , 1.， 读作：nineteen eighties. 2.  His grandfather died in the 1970’s/1970s。           7. 表示分数： 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s. 1. a(=one) third    三分之一         one fifth     五分之一 2. two thirds       三分之二       three fourths     四分之三 3. Two thirds of the trees were cut down ten years ago. 8. 表示百分数： 百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词。 1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities.    2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.    【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）There were various activities at the ________ China Folk Craft Fair. (eight) 2.（2022·上海中考真题）Lily is reading the _________ story in the book about Chinese history. （six） 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）Lily and Mary have known each other for ________ years. (seventh) 4．（2020·上海·中考真题）Uncle Andy tried_____different jobs，and finally chose to be a lawyer．（tenth） 5．（2019·上海·中考真题）On the______page of the book，there is an encouraging story.（eight） 6. （2018·上海·中考真题）Look! The_______lady from the left in the photo is my favourite teacher. (six) 7．（2017·上海·中考真题）My school is going to have an open day on the ________ of next month.（ten） 8．（2016·上海·中考真题）Could you pass me the ________ dictionary from the right on the shelf ? 9．（2014·上海·中考真题）The medicine should be taken_______a day after meals, George. (two) 10．（2015·上海·中考真题）Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her ______ birthday. A．sixteen B．sixteen’s C．sixteenth D．sixteenths 11．（2012·上海·中考真题）Last year, I visited a chemical factory in Baise, there are about ________ workers in it. A．six thousands B．six thousand C．six thousands of D．six thousand of A 冠词 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）The teenagers had _______ good time during the winter camp in their sister school. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．（2024·上海长宁·二模）I usually buy a bunch of flowers for my mom on ________ Mothers’ Day. A．the B．/ C．a D．an 3．（2024·上海崇明·二模）Our English teacher gave us _________ example of how to use this E-book. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Roddy often helps his mother lay ________ table and he sets a good example for his younger brother. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）As ________ art teacher, Mr Lee shares classic music pieces around the world to the class. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）On my way to school, I always pass by ________ old library that was built in the 1920s. A．/ B．an C．the D．a 7．（2024·上海青浦·二模）Zhujiajiao is ________ amazing ancient town and it attracts millions of tourists every year. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．（2024·上海金山·二模）Blossoms Shanghai (繁花) is ________ excellent TV series. It has won high praise. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 9．（2024·上海松江·二模）The poor little girl never dreamed of living in such ________ European palace one day. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．（2024·上海闵行·二模）The government has built several factories for ________ disabled to work in the town. A．the B．a C．an D．/ 11．（2024·杨浦·二模）Everyone can make ________ difference to the environmental protection in our daily life. A．/ B．the C．an D．a 12．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）My brother loves music and enjoys playing violin in his free time. A．A B．an C．the D．/ 13．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Kate cheered on her brother all ________ way, from the starting line to the finish. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 14．（2024·上海普陀·二模）This doctor believes that the value of his work is to help _______ sick. A．the B．/ C．an D．a 15．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Be careful, please. You missed ________ “h” in the word “honest” again. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 16．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Kitty and her family spent their winter holiday on _______ island in southern China. A．a B．an C．/ D．the 17．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Summer is here! Let’s go for ________ swim! A．a B．an C．the D．/· 18．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）_________ old are taken good care of in our country. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 19．（2024·上海普陀·二模）Michelle Yeoh, _________ Asian actress, won Best Oscars Actress Award last month. A．an B．the C．a D．/ 20．（2024·上海杨浦·一模）The soup is tasteless. Pass me ________ salt over there, please! A．a B．an C．the D．/ 21．（2024·上海松江·一模）“To do a good job, you’d better focus on one task at ________ time,” said the teacher. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 22．（2024·上海崇明·一模）Learning from family members is ________ good way to get wisdom and courage. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 23．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）I often play ________ guitar to relax myself in my free time. A．the B．an C．a D．/ 24．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）We left in such ____ hurry that    we forgot our passports. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 25．（2024·上海宝山·一模）The little boy picked up the money and handed it to the police officer. ________ honest boy he is! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an B 介词 1．（2024·上海静安·二模）________ a windy morning, Alex flew a kite in the park happily. A．In B．On C．At D．For 2．（2024·上海闵行·二模）The Spring Festival became a floating holiday of the United Nations (联合国) ________ 2023. A．on B．in C．at D．to 3．（2024·上海崇明·一模）It’s wonderful to have an outing ________ such a sunny day. Let’s go now! A．in B．on C．from D．by 4．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）The composition is quite good, ________ a few spelling mistakes. A．except for B．except C．besides D．including 5．（23-24九年级上·上海长宁·期末）Our group got to the foot of the mountain ________ about six in the late afternoon. A．at B．from C．on D．in 6．（2022·上海·一模）The Bund is always crowded with people _________ the nights of National Day. A．at B．for C．in D．on 7．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）________ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t swim in the open air. A．Since B．With C．As D．For 8．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）I managed to hit the dog ________ a stick. A．with B．in C．on D．from 9．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）It is dishonest to cheat in an exam ________ tricks. A．with B．through C．over D．in 10．（24-25九年级上·全国·课前预习）A woman stood ________ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden. A．past        B．through        C．across        D．by 11．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）I learned to swim __________ watching videos on YouTube. A．by B．with C．in D．through 12．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）I heard that he would be back ________ two weeks’ time. A．at B．in C．after D．for 13．（2024·福建厦门·二模）They sat on the beach and watched the setting sun disappear gradually ________ the horizen (地平线). A．below B．beside C．above 14．（2024·北京海淀·二模）Bill often climbs mountains with his grandparents ________ Sundays. A．at B．in C．on D．to 15．（2024·云南丽江·二模）More and more people in Lijiang choose to go to Kunming ________ high-speed railway. A．in B．with C．by D．for C 数词 一、单项选择 1．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）It took the ancient Chinese people, three ________ years to finish building the Great Wall. A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundreds of D．three hundred 2．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Zhenqinwen, the Queen Wen, gained several ________ followers soon after she won the tennis gold in the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. A．million B．millions of C．millions D．million of 3．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Even though my grandpa is ________, he still takes an active part in voluntary work. A．at his seventies B．in his seventies C．at his seventy D．in his seventy 4．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______ of our earth is covered with water. A．Seven-tenth B．Seventh-tenths C．Seven-tenths D．Seventh-tens 5．（2019·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）____volunteers will be needed for 2020 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. A．Two thousand of B．Two thousands of C．Thousand of D．Thousands of 6．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Jordan who was ________ returned to NBA in ________. A．in the thirtieth; 1990s B．in his thirties; the 1990s C．in his thirties; 1990s D．in his thirtieth; the 1990s 7．（24-25九年级上·甘肃天水·阶段练习）Because of Project Hope, ________ children can have better lives. A．million B．millions C．million of D．millions of 8．（24-25九年级上·福建福州·开学考试）About ________ of the workers in the factory ________ born in the 1960s. A．two fifths; was B．two fifths; were C．two fifth; were 9．（24-25九年级上·河北张家口·阶段练习）The Great Wall is famous, so every year ________ people come to visit it. A．million B．million of C．millions of D．five millions 10．（23-24九年级下·全国·课前预习）By the end of last year we had planted about ________ trees. A．five hundreds B．five hundreds of C．five hundred of D．five hundred 11．（24-25九年级上·广东广州·开学考试）More than two ________ students will take part in the sports meet. A．hundreds B．hundreds of C．hundred D．hundred of 12．（2024·山西晋中·模拟预测）—Which is the biggest number of the four? —________. A．One third B．A half C．Two thirds D．A quarter 13．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）I don’t think ________ should get part-­time jobs. A．nine­-years­-olds B．nine­-years-­old C．nine years old D．nine-­year­-olds 14．（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·二模）Most of the doctors in this hospital were born ________, and they are ________ now. A．in the 1970; in their fifties B．in 1970s; in the fiftieth C．in the 1970s; in fiftieth D．in the 1970s; in their fifties 15．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Nowadays, a number of people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults. A．four fifths B．four fifth C．fourth fifth D．fourth fifths 二、单词拼写 16．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Could you please pass me the dictionary from the left on the shelf. (five) 17．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）You can enjoy a better view if you live on the floor. (twelve) 18．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Italy beat France by 6:4, and won the championship for the time (four). 19．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Jack lives on the floor and he has a good view of the park. (twenty) 20．（2024·上海金山·二模）Lily is a famous writer and she published her ninth book in her . (thirty) 21．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The contest allows a total of students to take part in. (twelfth) 22．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）My aunt took up photography as her hobby in her after she retired. (fifty ) 23．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）The Olympic Games were held in Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1928. (nine) 24．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）The woman next door took up the piano-playing in her late . (sixty) 25．（2024·上海嘉定·一模）Take the turning on your left, you will find the market on your right. (two) 26．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）The opening ceremony of the drama festival is on the of June. (fourteen) 27．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）Three (quarter) of the land is covered with forests. So the environment here is very good. 28．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）At the age of (forty), she became a famous writer because of her book. 29．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）Our classroom is the (three) from the end on the left. 30．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）The contestant is a university student from Shanghai. (two) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 冠词、介词、数词、 冠词、介词、数词是中考最基础考向之一，考查范围是中考必备基础词法知识点。冠词在中考中主要考查定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词及语境应用。介词主要考查基本常见用法，偏重介词词组搭配。数词重点考查分数及不确切的数字的表达。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 冠词 1.a（泛指）——第一次提到，表“一个” 2.the（特指）——表示特指“这个”，通常指代上文中有所提及的事物或人。 3.元音发音要用an： 通常以a,e,i,o,u开头的可数名词单数要用an 用在辅音因素开头的单词 a +university , uniform, useful, useless 用在元音因素开头的单词前 an+ hour ，honest 球类前不加the，乐器前要加the. 介词 1.常考介词用法 2.表示地点的介词 3.表方式介词用法 4.表方式介词用法 5.一些介词固定搭配 在近几年的考试中，对介词的考查，重心放在了固定搭配上。对于介词部分的复习，应当加强关注考纲词组的搭配, 要强化记忆常用配搭。例如：consist of; be proud of等。 数词 1.基数词用法、序数词用法 2.分数、小数和百分比的表达 3.常考点： hundred, thousand, million等用法 4.易错点：固定搭配 e.g. in my fifties 序数词与a 连用表示又一，再一 e.g. a second time 中考中对数词的考查主要集中基数词和序数词的用法和区别上，有时也考查其他的相关用法。比如用数词表示分数，用数词编号等，另外，hundred，thousand，million的用法也是一个需要注意的语法知识点。特别注意不确切的数字的表达。 ►考向一 冠词考点 高频易混易错副词梳理/归纳 不定冠词 1、a, an 1. a boy 2. an island, an elephant, an umbrella 3. an hour an honest boy 4. a university, a European（欧洲的）country 2、泛指某一类人、事或物 1. A grammar book is necessary to a language learner. 2. A horse is a useful animal. 3、表示“每一”，相当于every I go to school five days a week.我每周上五天课。 4、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一” I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one. 5、用在某些固定词组中 a lot(of)(许多，大量), after a while(过一会儿), have a rest（休息）, have a look（瞧瞧）,have a good time（过得开心）, take a shower（淋浴）, take a break（休息）, take a bath（洗澡）, get a cold（患感冒）, get a fever（发烧）, make a living（谋生）,in a moment（过一会儿） 定冠词 1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物 1. The blue shirt is mine 2. Open the window, please. 3. I have a car. The car is red. 2、指世界上独一无二的事物 Which is bigger, the sun or the earth? 3、用在序数词，形容词最高级前 The first lesson is the easiest one in this book. 4、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States, the UK 5、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人 the poor穷人,the blind盲人 6、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩” the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩 7、用在方位词前 on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间 8、用在乐器名称前 She plays the piano every day.她每天弹钢琴。 9、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前 the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江 10、用在某些固定词组中 all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服； in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外 零冠词 1、在专有名词和不可数名词前 Tian’an Men Square天安门广场 2、在星期，月份，季节，节日前 特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词 on Sunday在周日，in March在三月，in spring在春天，on Women’s Day在妇女节 He joined the Army in the spring of 1982. 3、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动前 1. Among the subjects, I like English best. 2. I have lunch at school every day. 3. I play football every Thursday afternoon. 4、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前 5、某些固定词组中不用冠词。 (1)与by连用的交通工具名称前 (2)名词词组 (3)介词词组 (4)go短语 No.25 Middle School (1) by bus, by car, by bike, by train, by air/plane, by sea/ship (但: take a bus，in a boat，on the bike) (2) day and night, hour after hour, here and there (3) at home, in surprise, at noon, on foot, at night, on duty, at work, on time, for example, in class, on show, in bed (4) go home, go to bed, go to school, go to work, go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing 用与不用冠词 难点 1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里 2. in front of在……(外部的)前面/in the front of在……(内部的)前面 3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替 4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去 5. next year明年/the next year 第二年 6.a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一人) a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两人) 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）We Chinese have the tradition of respecting________old. A) the B)/ C) an D) a 【答案】A 【解析】“the + 形容词” 表示一类人，“the old” 表示 “老年人”，这句话的意思是 “我们中国人有尊敬老人的传统”。 2.（2022·上海中考真题）The young man often gives ________ helping hand to the old in his neighbourhood. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：这个年轻人经常帮助邻居家的老人。a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。give a hand to sb.“帮助某人”，固定用法，其中helping以辅音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词a。故选A。 3．（2020·上海中考真题）Kelly's cheese cakes were sold out within half________hour at the night market. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：凯利的奶酪蛋糕在夜市半小时内就卖完了。 a放在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an放在以元音音素开头的单词前；the表示特指；/ 不填。half an hour“半小时”固定搭配。hour是以元音音素/aʊ/开头，用an修饰。故选B。 4. （2019·上海中考真题）Benjamin has learned that it is not polite to make fun of others. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：Benjamin知道取笑别人是不礼貌的。 A. a表示泛指，一个，放在辅音音素开头的名词前；B. an表示泛指，一个，后加元音音素开头的名词；C. the定冠词，那个；D. /，短语make fun of…表示取笑……。根据题意，故选D。 5.（2018·上海中考真题）Hurry up! The concert will begin in_________ minute. A) a B) an C)the D)/ 【答案】A 【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：快点！音乐会将在一分钟内开始。in a minute 马上，即刻。 固定搭配。 6．（2017·上海中考真题）Christine is selling her house，but on ______ other hand she doesn't want to move． A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【解析】考查定冠词．句意：克里斯汀正在出售她的房子，但另一方面她不想搬走．根据题干Christine is selling her house，but on ______ other hand she doesn't want to move．可知on the other hand 另一方面，固定短语．即克里斯汀正在出售她的房子，但另一方面她不想搬走．故选C． 7（2016·上海中考真题）The teenagers had ____________good time in the summer camp in their sister school. A. a B . an C . the D．/ 【答案】 A 【解析】考查冠词辨析。句意: 青少年们在他们的姐妹学校的夏令营里玩得很开心。 a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面;an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面;the是定冠词，表特指:/表示零冠词。good以辅音音素开头，have a good time玩得愉快，是固定短语，故选A。 ►考向二 介词考点 高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳 1. for与of 1. It’s too hard for me to finish the work in only one hour. 2. The house is big enough for 10 men to live in. 3. It’s very nice/kind of you to do so. 2. 介词有时会与它的宾语分离,而且宾语有时前置 1. He has a younger brother who he must take good care of. 2. Who are you talking about? = 3. Do you know who our teacher is talking with over there? = 4. I finally found a chair to sit on. 3. in、on与at 1. I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning. 2. He was born on the morning of May 10th. 3. His glasses are right on his nose. 4. He is at the cinema at the moment. 4. after与in 1. He said that he would be here after 6：00. 2. My father is coming back from England in about a month. 5. since与for 3. Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970. 4. Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 40 years. 6.by、in与with 1. Let’s go to the zoo by taxi. 2. It was written by Lao She. 3. Please write that article(文章) in English. 4. We see with our eyes and walk with our feet. 7. about与on 1. They are very excited talking about the coming field trip. 2. Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America. 8. across, over与through 1. Just then a rat (鼠)ran across the road. 2. There is a bridge over the river. 3. The visitors went through a big gate into another park. 9. as与like 1. Let me speak to you as a father. 2. Let me speak to you like a father. 10. by the end of, at the end of, in the end, to the end 1. By the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book III. 2. At the end of the road you can find a big white house with brown windows. 3. They left for Beijing at the end of last week. 4. In the end he succeeded in the final exams. 5. We should go on with the work to the end. 6. Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office. 11. for a moment、for the moment、in a moment与at the moment 1. Please wait for a moment. 2. Let’s leave things as they are for the moment? 3. I’ll come back in a moment. 4. I am very busy at the moment. 12. but 1. I could do nothing but wait. 2. They had no choice(选择) but to fight. 13. in front of 与in the front of 1. A car was parking in front of the hall. 2. In the front of the hall stood a big desk. 14. except与besides 1. Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom. 2. Besides Chinese he also studied many other subjects. 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）The research group consisted ________ three generations of scientists. A) for B) with C) of D) about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：该研究小组由三代科学家组成。“consist of” 是固定短语，意为 “由…… 组成”。 2.（2022·上海中考真题）Will Alice take charge _______ the coming painting exhibition? A. for B. with C. of D. from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爱丽丝会负责即将到来的画展吗？ 考查固定短语搭配。take charge of“负责，接管”，固定短语。故选C。 3．（2019·上海·中考真题）Frank held his breath the water to search for his ring in the swimming pool. A．at B．by C．over D．under 【答案】D 【详解】句意：弗兰克在水下屏住呼吸，在游泳池里寻找他的戒指。 A. at在……；B. by通过……；C. over在……上方；D. under在……下面。根据下文to search for his ring in the swimming pool.可知这里是说在水下。根据题意，故选D。 4．（2018·上海·中考真题）Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup______July. A．on B．in C．at D．of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：凯伦和莉莉将在7月份前往俄罗斯观看2018年世界杯。A. on作为时间介词，常与“日期”、“星期几”搭配；B. in作为时间介词，常与表示“一段时间”的时间名词搭配，如在某年某月的前面；C. at常与“钟点时刻”搭配；D. of 关于，属于，…的。故答案为B。 点睛：时间介词at，on，in的用法：at放在几点钟前，指具体的某一时刻。例如：at one o’clock在1点钟。on作为时间介词，常与“日期”，“星期几”搭配，用于具体的某一天前或者上午、下午、晚上有修饰词时，例如：on Thursday，on a cold afternoon在一个寒冷的下午。in用于年、月、季节等的前面，常与表示“一段时间”的时间名词搭配。例如：in 2017，in May，in winter。 5．（2017·上海·中考真题）Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City __________ the airport. A．at B．under C．on D．with 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：Shirley仍然在机场等待飞往纽约的航班。四个选项都是介词。 A. at（表示位置）在……；B. under在……下面；C. on在……上面D. with和……一起。at the airport在飞机场，是固定搭配。故选A。 考点：考查介词辨析。 6．（2016·上海·中考真题）The local community center is open____________ Monday to Saturday. A．in B．from C．for D．on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当地社区中心从星期一到星期六开放。考查固定短语和介词辨析。from…to…（表时间、地点）从……到……。根据句意，可知选B。 7．（2015·上海·中考真题） I love this picture ______ you beside the music fountain. A．in B．of C．on D．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢你在音乐喷泉旁边的那张照片。A. in 在……里；B. of ……的，表示所属关系；C.on 在……上；D. at在……。根据句意可知是所属关系，故选B。 8．（2014·上海·中考真题）More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work__________ underground. A．in B．with C．by D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：越来越多的上海人选择乘地铁去上班。in在里面，用某种语言；with 带有，伴随，用某种工具；by到……为止，乘坐某种交通工具；For为了，对于。故选C。 9．（2013·上海·中考真题）Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays__________ October! A．in B．on C．at D．to 【答案】A 【详解】在表示时间时，in表示在一个时间范围或者接一段时间，表示在多久之后；on表示在具体的某一天；at表示在具体几点钟；to表示差几分到几点。根据下文October!在十月，可知是表示一个时间范围，故用介词in，选A。 10．（2014·上海·中考真题）Students are encouraged to share their learning experience__________ their classmates. A．to B．in C．at D．with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：应该鼓励学生们和他们的同学们分享他们的学习经验。to到，向； in在……里面； at在时间空间的一点；With带有，伴随，用某种工具。故选D。 11．（2012·上海·中考真题）You really don’t have to worry ________ your weight. You look just right. A．for B．from C．with D．about 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你真的不需要担心你的体重，你看起来刚好。本题考查固定搭配，考查学生识记能力，worry about，答案选D。 ►考向三 数词考点 高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳 1. 序数词的拼写 序数词 缩写 序数词 缩写 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-fifth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth 20th 21st 30th 35th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 2. 表示计量： 即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。 It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high). 它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。 3. 表示编号： 编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。 1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten    第10课 2. Room 405                   第405号房           3. Page 215                    第215页 4. No.14 Middle School          第14中学 5. Telephone NO.5855806         电话： 5855806 4. 表示不确切的数字： 基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。 1. five hundred students           500名学生 2. two thousand people            2000人 3. five dozen pencils              5打铅笔 4. hundreds of students            几百名学生 5. millions of workers             成千上万的工人 6. scores of chairs                几十张椅子 5. 表示年龄和岁数 1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old.             = He is 10 yeas old.                          = He is 10 (years of age).                       = He is a ten-year-old boy.                      2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.  3. My father is in his fifties.        我爸爸50多岁。 6. 表示年代： 表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the , 1. 1980’s/ 1980s（20世纪80年代）， 读作：nineteen eighties. 2.  His grandfather died in the 1970’s/1970s。           7. 表示分数： 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s. 1. a(=one) third    三分之一         one fifth     五分之一 2. two thirds       三分之二       three fourths     四分之三 3. Two thirds of the trees were cut down ten years ago. 8. 表示百分数： 百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词。 1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities.    2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.    【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）There were various activities at the ________ China Folk Craft Fair. (eight) 【答案】. eighth 【详解】根据句意 “在中国民间工艺品博览会上有各种各样的活动”，此处表示 “第八”，应用 eighth。 2.（2022·上海中考真题）Lily is reading the _________ story in the book about Chinese history. （six） 【答案】sixth 【详解】句意：莉莉正在读关于中国历史的书中的第六个故事。six是基数词，结合“the...story”可知此处应用序数词表示顺序，故填sixth。 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）Lily and Mary have known each other for ________ years. (seventh) 【答案】seven 【详解】句意：莉莉和玛丽互相认识七年了。seventh第七，是序数词，修饰复数名词years，用基数词，故填seven。 4．（2020·上海·中考真题）Uncle Andy tried_____different jobs，and finally chose to be a lawyer．（tenth） 【答案】ten 【详解】句意：安迪叔叔尝试了十种不同的工作，最后选择了当律师。 tenth第十，序数词。这里表示"十种不同的工作"，用基数词ten。故答案为ten。 【点睛】英语中的基数词是用于描述事物数量的多少，根据提示，结合语境，正确写出答案。 5．（2019·上海·中考真题）On the______page of the book，there is an encouraging story.（eight） 【答案】．eighth  【解析】句意：在这本书的第八页，有一个令人鼓舞的故事。 这里表示第几页用序数词，eight的序数词是eighth。根据题意，故填eighth。 6. （2018·上海·中考真题）Look! The_______lady from the left in the photo is my favourite teacher. (six) 【答案】sixth 【解析】句意：看照片中左边的_______女士是我最喜欢的老师。这里表示第六个，填序数词。故填sixth。 7．（2017·上海·中考真题）My school is going to have an open day on the ________ of next month.（ten） 【答案】tenth   【解析】考查序数词。根据句意和句中的定冠词the，空白处要填ten的序数词形式，故填tenth。 8．（2016·上海·中考真题）Could you pass me the ________ dictionary from the right on the shelf ? 【答案】seventh 【详解】句意：你能把架子上从右边数第七本字典递给我吗？根据题意，表达顺序，the+序数词，表示第7本书，用序数词， seventh是序数词，第七；在句中作定语修饰dictionary， 故填seventh。 9．（2014·上海·中考真题）The medicine should be taken_______a day after meals, George. (two) 【答案】twice 【解析】句意：这种药应该饭后一天吃两次。结合语境可知填副词twice，两次。 10．（2015·上海·中考真题）Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her ______ birthday. A．sixteen B．sixteen’s C．sixteenth D．sixteenths 【答案】C 【详解】句意：罗斯在她的十六岁生日的时候，从他的父母那里收到了一封充满爱的信。one’s +序数词+birthday ，某人多少岁生日。在分数的表达中，只有在分数中分子大于1时，做分母的序数词才变成复数。结合句意，可知该题表示第十六个生日，故选C。 11．（2012·上海·中考真题）Last year, I visited a chemical factory in Baise, there are about ________ workers in it. A．six thousands B．six thousand C．six thousands of D．six thousand of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年，我参观了百色的一家化工厂，那里大约有6000名工人。 考查数词。hundred的用法是：表示确切数字时，一般用“数词+ hundred  +可数名词的复数”结构。表示大概数字时，一般用“hundreds of +可数名词的复数”，意为“成百上千的”。四个选项带有数词six，故应用“six thousand”形式。故选B。 A 冠词 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）The teenagers had _______ good time during the winter camp in their sister school. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：青少年们在他们的姐妹学校的冬令营里玩得很开心。 考查冠词辨析。a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；the是定冠词，表特指；/表示零冠词。good以辅音音素开头，have a good time“玩得愉快”，是固定短语，故选A。 2．（2024·上海长宁·二模）I usually buy a bunch of flowers for my mom on ________ Mothers’ Day. A．the B．/ C．a D．an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我通常在母亲节给妈妈买一束花。 考查冠词。the特指；/零冠词；a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词之前；an用于元音音素开头的单词之前。由“Mothers’ Day”可知，在西方节日前不用冠词。故选B。 3．（2024·上海崇明·二模）Our English teacher gave us _________ example of how to use this E-book. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师给我们举了一个如何用这本电子书的例子。 考查冠词用法。a一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词表特指。根据“gave us...example of how to use this E-book”可知，此处泛指“一个”例子，且example为元音音素开头的单词，所以选填an。故选B。 4．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Roddy often helps his mother lay ________ table and he sets a good example for his younger brother. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：罗迪经常帮助他的母亲摆放餐具，他为弟弟树立了一个好榜样。 考查冠词。lay the table“摆放餐具”，是固定搭配。故选C。 5．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）As ________ art teacher, Mr Lee shares classic music pieces around the world to the class. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：作为一名美术老师，李先生在课堂上分享世界各地的经典音乐作品。 考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指“一名美术老师”，结合空后“art”以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。故选B。 6．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）On my way to school, I always pass by ________ old library that was built in the 1920s. A．/ B．an C．the D．a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在上学的路上，我总是路过那个建于20世纪20年代的旧图书馆。 考查冠词。/零冠词；an不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。根据“old library that was built in the 1920s.”可知该处表示特指关系，故选C。 7．（2024·上海青浦·二模）Zhujiajiao is ________ amazing ancient town and it attracts millions of tourists every year. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：朱家角是一个令人惊叹的古镇并且每年吸引数以万计的游客。 考查冠词。a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an修饰元音音素的单词；the表特指；/零冠词。根据“Zhujiajiao is...amazing ancient town”可知，此处表达朱家角是一个古镇，表示泛指，amazing是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰。故选B。 8．（2024·上海金山·二模）Blossoms Shanghai (繁花) is ________ excellent TV series. It has won high praise. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：《繁花》是一部优秀的电视剧。它赢得了高度赞扬。 考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一部电视剧，“excellent”首字母发元音音素，故选B。 9．（2024·上海松江·二模）The poor little girl never dreamed of living in such ________ European palace one day. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个可怜的小女孩做梦也想不到有一天能住在这样一座欧洲宫殿里。 考查冠词辨析。a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。此处表示泛指的含义，应用不定冠词；根据空后的“European”是以辅音音素开头的单词可知，此处应用a。故选A。 10．（2024·上海闵行·二模）The government has built several factories for ________ disabled to work in the town. A．the B．a C．an D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：政府在镇上为残疾人建了几家工厂。 考查冠词辨析。the这，那，定冠词；a一个，不定冠词，修饰发音以元音因素开头的单词；an一个，不定冠词，修饰发音以辅音因素开头的单词。结合语境可知，此处应用定冠词the修饰disabled，“the+形容词”表示同类事物，意为“残疾人”。故选A。 11．（2024·杨浦·二模）Everyone can make ________ difference to the environmental protection in our daily life. A．/ B．the C．an D．a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每个人都能在日常生活中对环境保护产生重要的影响。 考查冠词的用法。make a difference to“对……起重要作用，有影响”，固定搭配。故选D。 12．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）My brother loves music and enjoys playing violin in his free time. A．A B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥热爱音乐，空闲时间喜欢拉小提琴。 考查冠词用法。a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词；the这个，一般指特指；/指不填。乐器前需加定冠词the。故选C。 13．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Kate cheered on her brother all ________ way, from the starting line to the finish. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：从起跑线到终点，凯特一直为她的哥哥打气。 考查冠词。a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词。all the way“一路”，固定搭配。故选C。 14．（2024·上海普陀·二模）This doctor believes that the value of his work is to help _______ sick. A．the B．/ C．an D．a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位医生相信他工作的价值在于帮助病人。 考查冠词。the表特指；an一个，用以元音音素开头的单词；a一个，用以辅音音素开头的单词。the+形容词用来表示“这个群体的人/物”，故选A。 15．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Be careful, please. You missed ________ “h” in the word “honest” again. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请小心。你又漏了“honest ”这个词里的“h”。 考查冠词。a表示特指，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an表示泛指，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指，定冠词；/表示不填，零冠词。根据“missed …‘h’”可知，此处是指漏掉了一个字母“h”，应用不定冠词表示泛指；字母“h”的发音为/eɪtʃ/，第一个音/eɪ/为元音，应用an。故选B。 16．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Kitty and her family spent their winter holiday on _______ island in southern China. A．a B．an C．/ D．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：基蒂和她的家人在中国南方的一个岛上度过了他们的寒假。 考查冠词辨析。根据“island in southern China”可知，此处需要不定冠词表示泛指，island是元音音素开头，an符合句意，故选B。 17．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Summer is here! Let’s go for ________ swim! A．a B．an C．the D．/· 【答案】A 【详解】句意：夏天来了！我们去游泳吧！ 考查冠词。for是介词，其后跟名词或动名词作宾语，所以空后的swim应是名词，go for a swim“游个泳”，固定搭配，故选A。 18．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）_________ old are taken good care of in our country. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在我们国家，老年人得到了很好的照顾。 考查冠词。根据“...old are taken good care of in our country.”可知，此处主语是指老年人，应用“the+形容词”，表示一类人，故选C。 19．（2024·上海普陀·二模）Michelle Yeoh, _________ Asian actress, won Best Oscars Actress Award last month. A．an B．the C．a D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上个月，亚洲女演员杨紫琼，赢得了奥斯卡最佳女主角奖。 考查不定冠词。 根据“Asian actress”可知，此处表示泛指，并且Asian首字母发音为元音音素，所以用an。故选A。 20．（2024·上海杨浦·一模）The soup is tasteless. Pass me ________ salt over there, please! A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这汤没有味道。请把那边的盐递给我！ 考查冠词的用法。a “一个”，不定冠词表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an “一个”，不定冠词表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the “这个、那个”，定冠词表特指；/ 表示不填冠词。根据“salt over there”可知，此处表示特指，因此用定冠词the。故选C。 21．（2024·上海松江·一模）“To do a good job, you’d better focus on one task at ________ time,” said the teacher. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“要把工作做好，你最好一次只做一件事，”老师说。 考查冠词用法。根据“you’d better focus on one task at … time”可知，此处是指一次做一件事，应用不定冠词表示泛指，且time是以辅音音素开头的单词，用a。故选A。 22．（2024·上海崇明·一模）Learning from family members is ________ good way to get wisdom and courage. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：向家人学习是获得智慧和勇气的好方法。 考查冠词。根据题干可知，此处表示泛指，且good是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故选A。 23．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）I often play ________ guitar to relax myself in my free time. A．the B．an C．a D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我经常弹吉他来放松自己在我的空闲时间。 考查冠词的用法。play the guitar“弹吉他”，故选A。 24．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）We left in such ____ hurry that    we forgot our passports. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意“我们离开得是如此地匆忙以至于我们忘记了护照”。a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词。in a hurry“匆忙”，故选A。 25．（2024·上海宝山·一模）The little boy picked up the money and handed it to the police officer. ________ honest boy he is! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：小男孩捡起钱递给警察。他是一个多么诚实的男孩！ 考查感叹句和冠词辨析。句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数boy，且honest以元音音素开头，用结构what an adj. n.+主谓。故选D。 B 介词 1．（2024·上海静安·二模）________ a windy morning, Alex flew a kite in the park happily. A．In B．On C．At D．For 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在一个有风的早晨，亚历克斯愉快地在公园里放风筝。 考查介词辨析。in+世纪、年、月、季节，在上午/下午/晚上/白天等；on+具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午下午晚上；at+具体的时间点；for为了。根据“a windy morning”可知，这是具体的一天的上午，应用介词on。故选B。 2．（2024·上海闵行·二模）The Spring Festival became a floating holiday of the United Nations (联合国) ________ 2023. A．on B．in C．at D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2023年，春节成为联合国的浮动假日。 考查时间介词。on后接具体日期等；in后接年、月、季节等；at后接具体时刻等；to到。根据“2023”可知此处是年份，用介词in。故选B。 3．（2024·上海崇明·一模）It’s wonderful to have an outing ________ such a sunny day. Let’s go now! A．in B．on C．from D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在这样一个阳光明媚的日子里郊游真是太好了。我们现在就走吧！ 考查介词辨析。in后加某年某月某季节；on后加具体的某一天；from从；by不迟于。根据“such a sunny day”可知，此处具体到某一天，需要用时间介词on。故选B。 4．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）The composition is quite good, ________ a few spelling mistakes. A．except for B．except C．besides D．including 【答案】A 【详解】句意：除了几个拼写错误外，这篇作文很好。 考查介词词义辨析。except for除了，用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，用于不同类事物之间的关系；except除……以外，除去，用于同类事物；besides除……以外（还有）；including包括。根据“The composition...a few spelling mistakes.”可知，composition和mistakes不属于同一类别，拼写错误是对局部的否定。故选A。 5．（23-24九年级上·上海长宁·期末）Our group got to the foot of the mountain ________ about six in the late afternoon. A．at B．from C．on D．in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们一行人大约在下午六点到达山脚。 考查介词辨析。at用在具体时间点前；from从；on用在具体某一天前；in用在年、月、季节前。根据“about six”可知，时间点前用at，故选A。 6．（2022·上海·一模）The Bund is always crowded with people _________ the nights of National Day. A．at B．for C．in D．on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：国庆节的晚上，外滩总是挤满了人。 考查介词辨析。at后接具体时刻；for后接一段时间；in后接某年某月某季节；on后接具体的一天。根据“the nights of National Day”可知，具体到某一天或者某一天的上午，下午，晚上用介词on，故选D。 7．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）________ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t swim in the open air. A．Since B．With C．As D．For 【答案】B 【详解】句意：气温下降得这么快，我们不能在户外游泳了。 考查with的复合结构。Since自从；With随着；As作为；For为了。根据“... the temperature falling so rapidly”可知，该句没有谓语动词，且“the temperature”和“falling”是主动关系，故此处应用with的复合结构：with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语。故选B。 8．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）I managed to hit the dog ________ a stick. A．with B．in C．on D．from 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我设法用棍子打了那条狗。 考查介词辨析。with用（工具）；in用（语言或材料）；on（身上）带着；from从。根据“hit the dog”可知是用棍子打狗。故选A。 9．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）It is dishonest to cheat in an exam ________ tricks. A．with B．through C．over D．in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在考试中耍花招作弊是不诚实的。 考查介词。with用，一般指使用某种具体的工具；through通过；over超过；in使用某种语言或文字。根据“cheat in an exam ... tricks”可知，“通过某种手段作弊”通常用介词“through”来表示。故选B。 10．（24-25九年级上·全国·课前预习）A woman stood ________ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden. A．past        B．through        C．across        D．by 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一位妇女站在窗边，看着孩子们在花园里做游戏。 考查介词词义辨析。past经过；through通过；across横穿；by在……旁边。根据“stood...the window”可知，此句是说站在窗边，故选D。 11．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）I learned to swim __________ watching videos on YouTube. A．by B．with C．in D．through 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我通过看YouTube上的视频学会了游泳。 考查介词辨析。by通过；with有；in在……里；through通过，后常接名词。根据空后“watching videos”可知，此处表示通过观看视频的方式来学习游泳，考查by doing sth.“通过做某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 12．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）I heard that he would be back ________ two weeks’ time. A．at B．in C．after D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我听说他将在两周后回来。 考查介词辨析。at在几点；in在……里；after在……之后；for为了。in+一段时间，表将来，通常用于将来时态。故选B。 13．（2024·福建厦门·二模）They sat on the beach and watched the setting sun disappear gradually ________ the horizen (地平线). A．below B．beside C．above 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们坐在海滩上，看着落日渐渐消失在地平线下。 考查介词辨析。below在……下面，指位置低于某水平面或参照物；beside在……旁边，指位于旁边；above在……上面，指位置高于某水平面或参照物。根据“watched the setting sun disappear”，可知，太阳消失的方向应该是往地平线下面。故选A。 14．（2024·北京海淀·二模）Bill often climbs mountains with his grandparents ________ Sundays. A．at B．in C．on D．to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：比尔经常在星期天和他的祖父母一起爬山。 考查介词辨析。at后跟具体时刻；in后跟某年某月某季节；on后跟具体的一天；to到。根据“Sundays”可知，星期前用介词on，on Sundays“在星期天”，故选C。 15．（2024·云南丽江·二模）More and more people in Lijiang choose to go to Kunming ________ high-speed railway. A．in B．with C．by D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：越来越多的丽江人选择乘坐高铁前往昆明。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；with和；by通过，乘坐；for为了。根据“high-speed railway”可知，这是交通工具，“by+交通工具”表示交通方式。故选C。 C 数词 一、单项选择 1．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）It took the ancient Chinese people, three ________ years to finish building the Great Wall. A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundreds of D．three hundred 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国古代人民花了三百年的时间才建成了长城。 考查hundred的用法。根据“three”可知，此处表示的是具体的数字，hundred不用复数，也不与of连用，A选项符合。故选A。 2．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Zhenqinwen, the Queen Wen, gained several ________ followers soon after she won the tennis gold in the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. A．million B．millions of C．millions D．million of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：郑钦文，文女王在2024年巴黎夏季奥运会上获得网球金牌后不久，就获得了数百万粉丝。 考查million的用法。空前有数量，故此处用million的原形。故选A。 3．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Even though my grandpa is ________, he still takes an active part in voluntary work. A．at his seventies B．in his seventies C．at his seventy D．in his seventy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然我的爷爷已经七十多岁了，但是他仍然积极参加志愿者工作。 考查年龄表达。短语in one’s+基数词复数，表示“在某人多少岁”，“in one’s seventies”在某人七十多岁。故选B。 4．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______ of our earth is covered with water. A．Seven-tenth B．Seventh-tenths C．Seven-tenths D．Seventh-tens 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们地球的十分之七是被水覆盖的。 考查分数的表达。分数的表达为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数，即加s，因此本句中“十分之七”应表示为seven-tenths。故选C。 5．（2019·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）____volunteers will be needed for 2020 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. A．Two thousand of B．Two thousands of C．Thousand of D．Thousands of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2020年北京冬奥会将需要数千名志愿者。thousand前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式；表示不确定的数目时，thousand用复数形式，前面不能有数字，并且与of连用。故答案为D。 6．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Jordan who was ________ returned to NBA in ________. A．in the thirtieth; 1990s B．in his thirties; the 1990s C．in his thirties; 1990s D．in his thirtieth; the 1990s 【答案】B 【详解】句意：20世纪90年代，30多岁的乔丹重返NBA。 考查年龄段和年代表达。表示某人几十多岁这样的约略年龄，用“in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数”来表达，排除AD；表示在某个世纪的几十年代，用“in the +逢十的基数词的复数”。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示，可直接加s，也可加’s，排除C。故选B。 7．（24-25九年级上·甘肃天水·阶段练习）Because of Project Hope, ________ children can have better lives. A．million B．millions C．million of D．millions of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：因为希望工程，数百万的孩子能够拥有更好的生活。 考查数词million的用法。million被具体的数词修饰时，用单数形式，表示确切的数量；若没有确切的具体数字时，需要加“s”并且接“of”构成“millions of”表示概数。空前无数词，所以用millions of表示“数百万的，成千上万的”。故选D。 8．（24-25九年级上·福建福州·开学考试）About ________ of the workers in the factory ________ born in the 1960s. A．two fifths; was B．two fifths; were C．two fifth; were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：工厂里大约五分之二的工人是60后。 考查分数和主谓一致。two fifths五分之二；two fifth表达错误；was是，主语为单数名词或不可数名词；were是，主语是复数名词。结合“...of the workers”可知，这里是指五分之二的工人，所以第一空要用“two fifths”；“分数+of+名词”作主语，谓语动词的数由名词来定，此处为名词复数workers，第二空要用“were”。故选B。 9．（24-25九年级上·河北张家口·阶段练习）The Great Wall is famous, so every year ________ people come to visit it. A．million B．million of C．millions of D．five millions 【答案】C 【详解】句意：长城很有名，所以每年都有数百万人来参观它。 考查数词用法。million百万, 前面有具体数词修饰时, 不能加s，不和of连用。前无具体数字、表示大概数目的时候, 要加s且和of连用。A和B结构错误；millions of 数以百万的；five millions五百万。此处指每年参观长城的人数，这里表示一个概数，故选C。 10．（23-24九年级下·全国·课前预习）By the end of last year we had planted about ________ trees. A．five hundreds B．five hundreds of C．five hundred of D．five hundred 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到去年年底为止，我们已经种植了大约500棵树。 考查数词的表达。当hundred前有明确的数词时，后面不加s，也不加of；当它不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾s，而且要后接介词of，然后才能接名词。故选D。 11．（24-25九年级上·广东广州·开学考试）More than two ________ students will take part in the sports meet. A．hundreds B．hundreds of C．hundred D．hundred of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：200多名学生将参加运动会。 考查数词表达。表示确切的数量，用基数词+数词单数形式；表示概数，用数词的复数形式+of。此处有确切的数字two。故选C。 12．（2024·山西晋中·模拟预测）—Which is the biggest number of the four? —________. A．One third B．A half C．Two thirds D．A quarter 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这四个数中哪一个最大？——三分之二。 考查分数的表达法。One third三分之一；A half一半、二分之一；Two thirds三分之二；A quarter四分之一。通过比较可知，三分之二最大，故选C。 13．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）I don’t think ________ should get part-­time jobs. A．nine­-years­-olds B．nine­-years-­old C．nine years old D．nine-­year­-olds 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我认为九岁的人不应该得到兼职工作。 考查年龄段表达。nine-years-olds和nine-years-old的表达是错误的；nine years old只作表语，不能作主语；nine-year-olds是复合名词，表示“九岁的人”，可以作主语。故选D。 14．（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·二模）Most of the doctors in this hospital were born ________, and they are ________ now. A．in the 1970; in their fifties B．in 1970s; in the fiftieth C．in the 1970s; in fiftieth D．in the 1970s; in their fifties 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这家医院的医生大多出生于20世纪70年代，现在已经五十多岁了。 考查数词。in the+四位数的整数复数形式，表示“在……世纪……年代”；in one’s+两位数的整数复数形式，表示“在某人多大岁数时”。故选D。 15．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Nowadays, a number of people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults. A．four fifths B．four fifth C．fourth fifth D．fourth fifths 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如今，许多人更喜欢华为手机，其中大约五分之四是成年人。 考查分数的表达。根据“about…of them are adults”可知，此处应用分数来表达，分母用序数词，分子用基数词，当分子大于1时，分母需用复数；此处应填four fifths“五分之四”。故选A。 二、单词拼写 16．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Could you please pass me the dictionary from the left on the shelf. (five) 【答案】fifth 【详解】句意：你能把从架子左边数第五本字典递给我吗？定冠词the+序数词，表示顺序，five是基数词，对应的序数词是fifth。故填fifth。 17．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）You can enjoy a better view if you live on the floor. (twelve) 【答案】twelfth 【详解】句意：如果你住在第十二层，可以欣赏到更好的景色。根据“if you live on the ... floor”可知，表示“第十二层”要用序数词，第十二的序数词为twelfth。故填twelfth。 18．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Italy beat France by 6:4, and won the championship for the time (four). 【答案】fourth 【详解】句意：意大利以6:4击败法国，并第四次赢得了冠军。the后跟序数词表示顺序，fourth”表示“第四”，故填fourth。 19．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Jack lives on the floor and he has a good view of the park. (twenty) 【答案】twentieth 【详解】句意：Jack住在第二十楼，他能很好地看到公园的景色。根据所给词及“Jack lives on the...floor...”可知，Jack住在第二十楼，此处应该用序数词表示顺序，twenty“二十”的序数词为twentieth。故填twentieth。 20．（2024·上海金山·二模）Lily is a famous writer and she published her ninth book in her . (thirty) 【答案】thirties 【详解】句意：莉莉是一位著名的作家，她在三十多岁的时候出版了她的第九本书。结合语境可知，此处表达“某人几十多岁”，其英文表达为“in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数”。故填thirties。 21．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The contest allows a total of students to take part in. (twelfth) 【答案】twelve 【详解】句意：本次竞赛共有12名学生参加。此处指学生的数量，应用基数词，twelfth的基数词形式为twelve。故填twelve。 22．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）My aunt took up photography as her hobby in her after she retired. (fifty ) 【答案】fifties 【详解】句意：我阿姨退休后，在她五十多岁的时候开始把摄影作为她的爱好。根据横线前“in her”，结合所给词可知，此处考查固定的年龄表达：in one’s +基数词的复数，意为“在某人几岁时”，fifty的复数形式是fifties。故填fifties。 23．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）The Olympic Games were held in Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1928. (nine) 【答案】ninth 【详解】句意：第九届奥运会于1928年在荷兰阿姆斯特丹举行。根据“The...Olympic Games”可知是指第九届奥运会，表示顺序应用序数词ninth“第九”，故填ninth。 24．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）The woman next door took up the piano-playing in her late . (sixty) 【答案】sixties 【详解】句意：隔壁的那位妇女在六十多岁时开始弹钢琴。根据“in her late…”可知，考查in one’s+整十的复数，意为“在某人……岁的时候”，因此设空处填sixty的复数形式。故填sixties。 25．（2024·上海嘉定·一模）Take the turning on your left, you will find the market on your right. (two) 【答案】second 【详解】句意：在第二个拐弯处向左拐，市场就在你的右边。根据“Take the...turning on your left”可知，是指在第二个拐弯处向左拐，应用序数词second。故填second。 26．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）The opening ceremony of the drama festival is on the of June. (fourteen) 【答案】fourteenth 【详解】句意：戏剧节的开幕式在6月14日举行。根据“on the”和“of June”可知，此处是在表达日期，应将基数词fourteen“14”变为序数词形式fourteenth“第14”。故填fourteenth。 27．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）Three (quarter) of the land is covered with forests. So the environment here is very good. 【答案】quarters 【详解】句意：四分之三的土地被森林覆盖。因此这里的环境很好。three quarters表示“四分之三”，是分数表达。故填quarters。 28．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）At the age of (forty), she became a famous writer because of her book. 【答案】forty 【详解】句意：在四十岁的时候，她因为她的书成为了一名著名的作家。“at the age of+基数词”表示“在……岁的时候”。故填forty。 29．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）Our classroom is the (three) from the end on the left. 【答案】third 【详解】句意：我们的教室在左边倒数第三间。根据“Our classroom is the...from the end on the left”可知是在左边倒数第三间，表示顺序用序数词third“第三”。故填third。 30．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）The contestant is a university student from Shanghai. (two) 【答案】second 【详解】句意：第二名选手是一名来自上海的大学生。根据“The”与提示词可知，此处应用序数词，表示“第二”，因此用second。故填second。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$