专题02 代词、名词高频考点 -备战2025年中考英语真题题源解密（上海专用）

专题02 代词、名词 上海中考代词语法考察考点分布比较广，比如人称代词的主格和宾格的问题，两种不同性质的代词用法和区别，反身代词的用法和搭配，尤其是不定式的用法要特别注意。中考名词的考查也是中考最大考向之一，名词的数、格考查较少，主要在完形填空中考查名词词义辨析，考查单词意义的辨识，用法上的辨异，语境应用。此外，涉及名词的词性转变是上海中考又一个重点考向。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以助高效复习。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 代词 1 反身代词在短语中的用法： e.g. help oneself to sth.   enjoy oneself 等 2. 不定代词both, neither, all, none, either用法区分。 3. 不定代词something, anything, nothing等和形容词的位置关系，必须放在形容词前。 4. little, few, a little, a few, much, many等词用法区分。 5. it, one, that, those表示指代作用时的用法区分。 重点：人称代词，物主代词及不定代词等的应用。 易错点： It, one/ones, that/those作替代词时的区别 1. it特指上文提到的同一对象，是同一事物。如： I have a new schoolbag. It's very nice. 我有一个新书包。它很漂亮。 2. one泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个(表示几个时用ones)，同类而不同物。如：I have lost my umbrella. I think I must buy one.我的伞丢了，我想我必须买一把。 3. that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词，以避免重复；若代替前面提到的可数名词复数，则用those。如： The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.冬天，北京的天气比广州的天气冷。 名词 1、名词的单复数变化； 2、可数名词和不可数名词的数量表达；名词的所有格；双重格； 3、名词与冠词或者数词的搭配，名词的数量修饰语，名词作定语，4、名词在固定短语中的使用，在特定语境中对合适名词的辨析。 （上海中考近5年11考; 完形填空中涉及词义辨析） 在近几年的考试中，对名词的考查，重心放在了词义辨析及词性转变上，对于名词部分的复习，应当加强关注这方面训练。 1、将名词转换为动词 例：Always remember that no one can _______ without working hard. (success) 2、将名词转换为形容词 例：I hope this reference book has been ________ in answering your questions. (help) ►考向一 代词的用法及主要考点 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 代词 1. 人称代词 （1）在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。 （2）They也可用来泛指某一些人 （3）she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 （4）注意并列主语排序问题 1. He is taller than I am. 2. He is more intelligent than her. 3. They don’t allow us to smoke here. 这儿不让抽烟。 4. I think England will do what she promised to do. 我想英国会履行她的诺言。 5. You, she and I will be in charge of the case. 6. He and she still don’t agree to the plan. 2. 物主代词 my your his her its our your their mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 3. 反身代词 by oneself, for oneself, enjoy oneself, hurt oneself, teach oneself, etc. 4. 相互代词 each other与one another 1. He put all the books beside each other/one another. 2. Usually these small groups were independent of each other. 5. 指示代词 this 与that A: Hello! This is Bob (speaking).喂，我是鲍勃。 B: Who's that, please? 请问是哪位？(美语用Who's it?或Who's this?） 6. 疑问代词 (1). who与 what (2). which表示在一定范围内，而who、what则无此限制。 1. Who is he? —He is my brother. /He is Henry. 2. What is he？—He is a lawyer/teacher. 3. Which girl do you like best? 你喜欢哪个姑娘？ 4. What girl do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？ 7. 不定代词 (1)some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。 (2)在期待对方回答yes 时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。 (3) each和every (4) other和another, the others 和others, the other 1. Smith went to some place in England. 2. Mum, could you give me some money?(请求) 3. Would you like some bananas?（邀请） 4. Every student in our class has a dictionary. 5. Each student in our class has a dictionary. 6. He got two books; one is textbook, the other is a novel. 7. Five of the pencils are red, the others (the other pens)are yellow. 8. Some are singing, others are dancing. 9. This coat is too dark. Please show me another. 10. I’ll finish the work soon, please give me another 2 minutes. 8. little和a little；few和a few 记忆法：“有（a）就是有，没有（a）就是没有” 1. Hurry up, we have little time left. 2. Don’t worry, we still have a little time. 3. He has only a few friends here. 9. one 与 it 一Two Evening Papers，please! —0nly one copy left．Would you like to have____, sir? A．one B．it C．this D．that 考点涉及范围： 1.人称代词 2. 物主代词 3. 反身代词 4. 相互代词 5. 指示代词 6. 疑问代词 7. 不定代词 8. little和a little；few和a few 9. one 与 it 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）The village is really beautiful. We've decided to stay for _____ two days. A) others B) the others C) the other D) another 2. （2023·上海中考真题）I can't give you any advice on farming because I know________ about it. A) a few B) few D) little C) a little 3.（2022·上海中考真题）Your silk scarf is over there. This one is _______. A. I B. me C. my D. mine 4.（2022·上海中考真题）Make sure _______ has the textbooks when the new term starts. A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody 5．（2021·上海·中考真题）I haven’t brought my dictionary with me. Can I use ________? A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 6．（2020·上海·中考真题）Randy wrote two novels.________ of them were made into films. I've seen them. A．None B．Both C．All D．Neither 7．（2020·上海·中考真题）________friend Claude from France is keen on Chinese culture. A．I B．Me C．My D．Mine 8．（2019·上海·中考真题）Emma，an actress，has become a superstar because of hard work and talent. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 9．（2019·上海·中考真题）The New Year Concert was so amazing that left in the middle of it. A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody 10．（2018·上海·中考真题）Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and______is noisy. A．another B．the other C．other D．others 11．（2018·上海·中考真题）My father is a good doctor. __________works hard to help his patients. A．He B．Him C．His D．Himself 12．（2017·上海·中考真题）)The headmaster introduced ______ to the German visitors before the welcome party. A．we B．us C．our D．ours 13．（2017·上海·中考真题）________ knowledge and experience are important to finish that task. A．Either B．Neither C．None D．Both 14．（2016·上海·中考真题）The retired couple have decided to go to college. It's time for to begin a new life. A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 15．（2015·上海·中考真题）Nowadays I can choose online courses and study by_____ ? A．I B．me C．my D．myself ．（2014·上海·中考真题）Old Mr. Black lives happily with his three dogs. of them are part of his family. A．Both B．All C．None D．Neither 17．（2014·上海·中考真题）Do you see that good-looking young man? is a famous Korean film star. A．He B．His C．Him D．Himself 18．（2013·上海·中考真题）My parents showed some old pictures that brought back sweet memories. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 19．（2016·上海·中考真题）The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and ______ could be seen clearly. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 20．（2012·上海·中考真题）We have decided to try ________ best to raise more money for the local charity. A．us B．our C．we D．ours 21．（2013·上海·中考真题）__________ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you. A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody 22．（2012·上海·中考真题）I can’t connect my computer to the Internet. There must be _______wrong with it. A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing ►考向二 名词的用法及主要考点 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 名词的词义辨析及词性转化 1、同类名词词义辨析 A. doctor B.engineer C.writer D.scientist 2、不同类名词词义辨析 A. sign B. need C. reason D. change 3、名词的词性转化 safe-safety; long-length; honest-honesty prove-proof; complain-complaint 名词的数 1、规则的可数名词 1）一般加s 2）以 s，sh，ch，x结尾的加 –es 3）辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 ies 4）以 o 结尾的词 +es; 以 o 结尾 +s 5）以f，fe 结尾的多数为-ves; 以f，fe 结尾的少数直接 + s 1. teachers, books, 2. classes，dishes, matches, boxes 3. cities，countries，parties，factories 4. (1) heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes (2) radios，zoos，bamboos，pianos，kilos，photos 5. (1) leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves (2) roofs proofs, gulfs, beliefs 2、 不规则的可数名词 1）单复数词形相近 2）fish如表示不同种类的鱼时复数是fishes： 3）以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时 4）单复数相同 1.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, child—children, mouse—mice 2. There are many kinds of fishes in that lake. 3.man servant—men servants； woman doctor—women doctors. (*boy/girl students) 4. sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese, works 3、复合名词 1. son-in-law---sons-in-law 2. looker-on—lookers-on 4、字母,阿拉伯数字 1. There are two l’s in the word “ all ”. 2. Your 7’s and 9’s look alike. 3. It happened 4. I will not accept your if’s and but’s. 5、定冠词加姓氏的复数 the Turners, the Smiths, the Wangs 6、集体名词 class, family, population, team, crew 1. The class is big.---The class are taking notes in English. 2. The population in China is large. ---- 80% of the population in China are peasants. 7、以s 结尾的学科名词 mathematics , physics, politics, news 8、glasses， trousers类 1. Where are my glasses ？ 2. My new pair of trousers is too long. 3. Here are some new pairs of shoes. 9、不可数名词表示“一个”时 1. a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / meat / coal 2. a bottle of ink 10、常考不可数名词 information, weather, news, advice, fun，etc. 名词的所有格 1. 一般加’s (1)复合名词只在最后一个词的后面加 ’s (2)表示共同所有的几个名词，只在最后一个词的后面加’s (3)表示各个所有关系的几个名词，在每个名词后分别加’s (4)名词短语只在最后一个词后加 ’s 1.my sister-in-law’s brother. 2.This is Tom, James and Dick’s room. 3.Jenny’s, Jean’s and Mary’s rooms face （to the） south. 4.a quarter of an hour’s talk 2. 有时加of 1）凡不能用’s的情况可用 of表示所属关系 2)当名词有较长的定语时： 1. the City of New York. 2. a map of China. 3. the name of the girl standing at the gate. 4. Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday？ 3. 双重所有格 当of前面的名词有不定冠词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词或数词如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another等修饰时 1. a poem of Lu Xun’s 2. a friend of his/hers 3. Which novel of Dicken’s are you reading ? 4. some friends of my brothers’ 4．几种特殊情况 1. the key to the door 2. answers to the question 3. the entrance to the station / cinema 4. tickets for the film / movie ►名词的数与格 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）Michael has a habit of exercising for about 30 _________every day. (minute) 2.（2019·上海中考真题）I couldn't get much of the exhibition of clean-energy products from the website. A. news B. photos C. posters D. advertisements 3．（2018·上海中考真题）It’s five ________ walk from my new house to the underground station.   (minute) 4.（2017·上海中考真题）Did the policeman give much _______ on how to protect personal information？A．note B．tip C．advice D．book 5．（2020秋·上海虹口·九年级上海市民办新复兴初级中学校考期中）The government should pay more attention to protecting ________ basic rights. （city） 6．（2022秋·九年级单元测试）I really believe that to feed pets can change _______ life.（person） ►名词的词性转化 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）Flying kites with friends gives Tina a feeling of great__________. (happy) 2．（2022春·上海黄浦·九年级上海外国语大学附属大境初级中学校考期中）Some interesting things came up in our __________ yesterday. (discuss) 3．（2022春·上海黄浦·九年级上海外国语大学附属大境初级中学校考期中）The great __________ is respected by the world. (art) 4．（2022春·上海徐汇·九年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）Melody’s parents always tell her to make a ________ by herself. (decide) 5．（2022秋·九年级单元测试）Although they are twins, they have different ________. (person) 6．（2022春·上海长宁·九年级统考期中）Last summer, I went on a trip to _____ with my father. It was great fun. (German) ►名词的词义辨析 【真题链接】 1.（2017·上海中考真题）I don't think there is ever a good reason to lie to our children．Children learn honesty from the 　 　 they see． A．Films B．Details C．Examples D．teachers 2.（2018·上海中考真题）As you know,teachers always put the _____ of students above anything else. A)actions B)needs C)records D)attitudes 3.（2019·上海中考真题）These weren’t stopped by their age or size or lack of resources ，they saw a______ in the world around them and to step hep where they could. A. sign B. need C. reason D. change 4.（2020·上海中考真题）The book shows them，through other kids' stories，how they can make a ___，too. A. plan B. mistake C. decision D. difference 5.（2020·上海中考真题）Find the right so that your efforts will work well. A．time B．place C．habit D．skill 6.（2021·上海中考真题）A walk in the countryside and a careful look at can help. A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements 7.（2022·上海中考真题）Wu Mengchao, a great and ordinary, ___________ saved lots of patients with his magic hands. A)doctor B)engineer C)writer D)scientist 8.（2022·上海中考真题）She believed in facts and observation. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did some ______. A. exercises B. drawings C. reviews D. experiments 9. （2021·上海中考真题）Last week, my friend and I watched an exciting 4 D film in the _______ and it made us feel so real. A) family B)tree C)cinema D)dream 10. （2019·上海中考真题）When you walk along the______, you should be careful with the cars around you. A) street B) bridge C) river D) hill 11.（2018·上海中考真题）-Could you tell me the _______ of making such a fantastic model car? -Well, I just followed the steps in the video. A)culture B)influence C)impression D)method A 各类代词用法及其他 1．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）A: Would you like to see a film or go shopping this weekend? B: ________. I prefer to surf the Internet at home. A．Either B．Both C．None D．Neither 2．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Although they have already got a gold medal, they try to win ________ one. A．other B．another C．the other D．others 3．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）If you don’t like the style of the shoes, you can ask the clerk to bring you ________ pair. A．another B．other C．the other D．others 4．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）If you put a small object in a pot full of water, it will display only ________ water. A．a few B．few C．a little D．little 5．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）I can read the novel Wonder although there are ________ new words in it. A．little B．few C．a little D．a few 6．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）— Hurry up! ________ is waiting for you at the school gate. — Thanks. It is my mother. A．Anybody B．Nobody C．Somebody D．Everybody 7．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）James wants to buy ________ computer though he has already got two. A．another B．other C．the other D．others 8．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）________ is very important for us to learn to use information on the Internet. A．It B．There C．This D．Those 9．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）There is still ________ milk in the bottle. We needn’t buy it now. A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 10．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）—This room is too small. I’d like to ask for _______. —Sorry. All rooms in our hotel are full tonight. A．another B．the other C．other D．the others 11．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have only _______ time left. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 12．（2024·上海崇明·二模）The thief was put in the police car with a policeman on _________ side of him. A．all B．both C．either D．every 13．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Joe sat in the park with a book in one hand and a bottle of apple juice in ________. A．other B．another C．the others D．the other 14．（2024·上海崇明·二模）—Alice, you look much happier today. —I got the latest news from the doctor. He said there was _________ wrong with me. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 15．（2024·上海长宁·二模）John is old enough to dress ________ now. His mother doesn’t have to help him. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 16．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Cathy, come on please. I have got ________ important to discuss with you. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 17．（2024·上海静安·二模）Would you please open the window? There seems to be only ________ fresh air in the classroom. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 18．（2024·上海静安·二模）I telephoned a lot of restaurants, but ________ of them were available for booking. A．both B．neither C．all D．none 19．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Tourists from home and abroad can enjoy wonderful views on ________ sides of the Huangpu River. A．none B．both C．all D．neither 20．（2024·上海宝山·二模）After eating two rice dumplings, the hungry boy asked for ________ one. A．another B．other C．others D．the other 21．（2024·上海宝山·二模）David’s idea to go to the Oriental Pearl TV Tower doesn’t agree with ________. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 22．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The monitor of our class is warm-hearted and is always ready to help ________. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 23．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Jimmy completed the project ahead of time and proudly praised ________ for his hard work. A．his B．him C．he D．himself 24．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Interested in Chinese culture, Emma teaches ________ making moon cakes. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 25．（2024·上海松江·二模）The plane was delayed yesterday. All the passengers had to wait for ________ hour. A．other B．the other C．the others D．another 26．（2024·上海松江·二模）Don’t worry about what will happen in the future. ________ is going to be fine. A．Nothing B．Something C．Everything D．Anything 27．（2024·安徽·二模）—Which subject will you choose to enter the photo competition, plants or animals? —I’m afraid ________. I’m better at taking photos of buildings. A．neither B．either C．none D．nothing 28．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The books borrowed from the school library shouldn’t be lent to ________ students. A．another B．other C．the other D．others 29．（2024·江苏南通·一模）—How do you like your life in Grade 9? —It seemed a little difficult at first, but ________ turns out fine now. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 30．（2024·上海闵行·二模）“Boys and girls, whatever you’re doing, just do ________ best.” said our class teacher. A．you B．your C．yours D．yourselves B 名词的数、格及名词词义辨析 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）I’m worried about the _______ of the medicine. A．safe B．safety C．save D．safely 2．（2024·上海崇明·二模）I had to remove some _________ from the house to make room for my new piano. A．desk B．chair C．bookshelf D．furniture 3．（2024·上海金山·二模）This article offers much useful ________ on how to lose weight and keep healthy. A．topic B．tip C．suggestion D．information 4．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）There is only a little ________ in the fridge. That’s not enough for breakfast. A．cake B．milk C．egg D．vegetable 5．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Perhaps there won’t be ________ for everybody in thirty years’ time. A．enough room B．enough rooms C．rooms enough D．room enough 6．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Nicotine ______ the functioning of heart and lung, which means it has bad ______ on your heart and lung. A．effects, affects B．effects, effects C．affects, effects D．affects, affects 7．（2022·上海黄浦·一模）The government has made some _________ in environment protection. A．mistake B．decision C．change D．progress 8．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）Here is ________ on how to deal with the problems in a positive way. A．some advices B．some advice C．an advice D．some suggestion 9．（2024·西藏·中考真题）There are many famous ________ in the Chinese history. A．woman hero B．women heroes C．women hero D．woman heroes 10．（2024·河北承德·二模）I was told that two ________ teachers would teach us English and chemistry next term. A．woman B．women C．woman’s D．women’s 11．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）It’s about ________walk from my home to the train station. A．20 minutes B．20 minute’s C．20 minutes’ D．20-minutes 12．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）Can you imagine what the village will be like ________? A．in 10 year’s time B．in 10-year time C．in 10 years’ time D．in 10 year time 13．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）—Hi, Michelle. Is this your MP4? —No, it’s not mine. I think it’s ________. A．someone’s B．someone else C．someone else’s D．else someone’s 14．（2024·西藏·中考真题）________ father works in the police station. A．Eric and Helen’s B．Eric and Helen C．Eric’s and Helen D．Eric’s and Helen’s 15．（2024九年级·江苏·专题练习）Mrs. Bond is one old friend of________. A．Jack mother B．Jack mother’s C．Jack’s mother D．Jack’s mother’s 16．（2024九年级·江苏·专题练习）A group of ________ are eating ________ and ________ at the foot of the hill. A．sheep; grass; leaves B．sheeps; grasses; leaves C．sheep; grass; leafs D．sheeps; grass; leafs 17．（2024九年级·全国·专题练习）Tom and Tim have some ________ and ________. A．tomatos; chicken B．tomatoes; chickens C．tomatoes; chicken D．tomatos; chickens 18．（2024·西藏日喀则·一模）Our English teacher gave us ________ on how to learn English. A．some advices B．an advice C．a piece of advice D．one advice 19．（23-24九年级下·四川自贡·期中）________ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are ________ teachers. A．A number of; women B．The number of; women C．The number of; woman 20．（2024·吉林长春·二模）My teacher gives me much ________ on improving English speaking skills. A．problem B．idea C．advice D．reply 21．（23-24九年级上·湖北武汉·期中）—Jack was caught cheating in the competition. —That’s why we have called off his right to attend the next competition in the name of ________. A．safety B．fairness C．truth D．pride 22．（24-25九年级上·甘肃平凉·期中）—I want to visit Mr. Wang. Could you please tell me his ________? —Sure. He is my neighbor. Just follow me. A．age B．hobby C．address D．office 23．（24-25九年级上·山东菏泽·期中）— Have you set a ________ on your new phone? —Certainly. I have to protect my personal information. A．date B．lock C．message D．language 24．（24-25九年级上·甘肃定西·期中）When you read in the library, you must follow the _________ of the library. A．facts B．grades C．books D．rules 25．（24-25九年级上·天津滨海新·期中）—I don’t know what to write about the four great classical Chinese novels. —You’d better read ________ first and then organize your own ideas. A．results B．reasons C．reviews D．rewards 26．（24-25九年级上·江西南昌·期中）—I always get nervous when I start a (n) ________ with others. —Take it easy. Believe in yourself. A．condition B．communication C．instruction D．direction 27．（24-25九年级上·安徽阜阳·期中）We should make ______ politely when we are in need. Then people will be glad to help us. A．decisions B．plans C．excuses D．requests 28．（24-25九年级上·安徽阜阳·阶段练习）I asked my friend Mary for some advice on how to improve my listening ________. A．course B．preparation C．ability D．truth 29．（23-24九年级上·云南昆明·期中）—Sir, can you tell me your ________? —Sure. It’s at No. 201 Main Street. A．address B．height C．secret D．style 30．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—Sam was picked out to be in the school basketball team. —His height gives him a big ________. A．talent B．sense C．situation D．advantage 31．（24-25九年级上·江西南昌·阶段练习）—Could you tell me the ________ to such good handwriting? —Well, just keep practicing. A．ability B．expression C．brain D．secret 32．（24-25九年级上·江西九江·阶段练习）Jenny is really excellent and she has a wide ________ of Chinese history and culture. A．business B．brain C．crowd D．knowledge 33．（24-25九年级上·安徽安庆·阶段练习）Jenny is really excellent and she has a wide of Chinese history and culture. A．happiness B．brain C．present D．knowledge 34．（24-25九年级上·安徽合肥·期中）—What should I do in my job? —You need to listen to the needs of the ________ and help them choose what they want. A．passengers B．customers C．pioneers D．soldiers 35．（24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）From April to August 2024, Sun Yingsha achieved great results and had a huge ________ on Chinese table tennis. A．direction B．decision C．influence D．introduction 36．（24-25九年级上·江西宜春·阶段练习）Every time I see our national flag rising, I have a ________ of pride from the bottom of my heart. A．love B．peace C．value D．sense 37．（24-25九年级上·安徽六安·阶段练习）—The weather is very cool now. What do you plan to do this Saturday? —I’ll go for a ________ with my parents by the Chaohu Lake. I’ve bought lots of fruit and snacks. A．walk B．picnic C．concert D．journey 38．（24-25九年级上·甘肃平凉·阶段练习）Your spoken English is very good. What’s your ________? A．spirit B．secret C．sentence D．situation 39．（24-25九年级上·江西南昌·阶段练习）To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as his second ________. A．sentence B．tradition C．course D．ability 40．（24-25九年级上·安徽蚌埠·阶段练习）His ________ for getting to the office were clear. I found it like a piece of cake. A．directions B．promises C．research D．spirits C 代词、名词的词性转化 1．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）I’m sorry to hear the (die) of my favourite writer this morning. 2．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）As a soldier, you have to obey (order). 3．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）He was very angry with the broken package, so she made a to the manager. (complain) 4．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）There are a lot of near his house.（bamboo） 5．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）The excited were waiting for the bell for the New Year in the centre of the square. (city) 6．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）After years’ practice, the boy became a very famous (art). 7．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）In 50 years, perhaps there will be no more cormorant in the world. (fish) 8．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）What’s the of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower? (high) 9．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）Owls and snakes are natural of rats and mice. (enemy) 10．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）The students were regrouped according to and weight. (high) 11．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）When all the heard their football team lost the final match, they were very sad. (city) 12．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·阶段练习）The company conducted some ________ to understand customer needs. (survey) 13．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）The light went out, and the room was plunged (陷入) into . (dark) 14．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）After living in Paris for years, she eventually became a French . (city) 15．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）The headmaster showed six around our school. (Germany) 16．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Did you see the of Mary’s hair? It almost reaches her knee. (long) 17．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Brush your three times a day. It’s good for your health. (tooth) 18．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Who took the to go ahead with the project? (decide) 19．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Experience is a wealth of knowledge and a symbol of . (wise) 20．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Tim refused Jacky’s because they had an argument yesterday. (invite) 21．（2024·上海静安·二模）The mother held her baby with . (careful) 22．（2024·上海静安·二模）Here is a charity for the poor kids in the mountain area. (sell) 23．（2024·上海崇明·二模）A friend of loved animals and he got to work at an animal shelter. (me) 24．（2024·上海青浦·二模）All of the around Shanghai are not allowed to release harmful smoke. (factory) 25．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The Halloween Festival marked the end of summer and the of winter. (begin) 26．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The problems are getting more serious with the development of industry. (pollute) 27．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The boy was unable to hide his when he saw the result of the test. (disappoint) 28．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The in the house seem to know every hidden corner and secret passage.(mouse) 29．（2024·上海松江·二模）Children always complain that they don’t have much to do what they like. (free) 30．（2024·上海金山·二模）Shortly afterwards, we received a handwritten party from him. (invite) 31．（2024·上海松江·二模）Ashley, a friend of , will go abroad with his family this summer holiday. (I) 32．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Does Lily have enough in her shop to show the dishes she’s collected? (shelf） 33．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The search for is a lifelong journey filled with chances and challenges. (true) 34．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Can you find one more between the two pictures here, Molly? (different) 35．（2024·上海普陀·二模）We have read a story about two brave police . (chief) 36．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）In the group , all the club members agreed to the new rules. (discuss) 37．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Starting from the practical will help you begin to move towards . (succeed). 38．（2024·上海普陀·二模）She answered all my questions with her usual . (honest) 39．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）It’s important for parents and school to teach children about road (safe). 40．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）The AI model can produce different based on instructions. (video) 41．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Some medicine, like certain antibiotics (抗生素), may harm our . (hear) 42．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）The uniforms are not . Perhaps they belong to the students over there. (we) 43．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Our garden is quite different from , especially the kinds of flowers inside. (they) 44．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Kids, you should learn to look after when we’re not at home. (your) 45．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Jessica suggested that Tommy should have a taste of the soup .(he) 46．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The ancient tree lost all leaves after the heavy and fierce storm swept through. (it) 47．（2024·上海金山·二模）The girl looked at the dragon lantern carefully and tried to make one by . (her) 48．（2024·上海普陀·二模）I am going to start a business next year and run it by . (me) 49．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Thanks to online courses, we can teach at home at any time. (we). 50．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）I shared my calculator with Jim in the maths lesson as he had left at home. (he) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 代词、名词 上海中考代词语法考察考点分布比较广，比如人称代词的主格和宾格的问题，两种不同性质的代词用法和区别，反身代词的用法和搭配，尤其是不定式的用法要特别注意。中考名词的考查也是中考最大考向之一，名词的数、格考查较少，主要在完形填空中考查名词词义辨析，考查单词意义的辨识，用法上的辨异，语境应用。此外，涉及名词的词性转变是上海中考又一个重点考向。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以助高效复习。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 代词 1 反身代词在短语中的用法： e.g. help oneself to sth.   enjoy oneself 等 2. 不定代词both, neither, all, none, either用法区分。 3. 不定代词something, anything, nothing等和形容词的位置关系，必须放在形容词前。 4. little, few, a little, a few, much, many等词用法区分。 5. it, one, that, those表示指代作用时的用法区分。 重点：人称代词，物主代词及不定代词等的应用。 易错点： It, one/ones, that/those作替代词时的区别 1. it特指上文提到的同一对象，是同一事物。如： I have a new schoolbag. It's very nice. 我有一个新书包。它很漂亮。 2. one泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个(表示几个时用ones)，同类而不同物。如：I have lost my umbrella. I think I must buy one.我的伞丢了，我想我必须买一把。 3. that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词，以避免重复；若代替前面提到的可数名词复数，则用those。如： The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.冬天，北京的天气比广州的天气冷。 名词 1、名词的单复数变化； 2、可数名词和不可数名词的数量表达；名词的所有格；双重格； 3、名词与冠词或者数词的搭配，名词的数量修饰语，名词作定语，4、名词在固定短语中的使用，在特定语境中对合适名词的辨析。 （上海中考近5年11考; 完形填空中涉及词义辨析） 在近几年的考试中，对名词的考查，重心放在了词义辨析及词性转变上，对于名词部分的复习，应当加强关注这方面训练。 1、将名词转换为动词 例：Always remember that no one can _______ without working hard. (success) 2、将名词转换为形容词 例：I hope this reference book has been ________ in answering your questions. (help) ►考向一 代词的用法及主要考点 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 代词 1. 人称代词 （1）在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。 （2）They也可用来泛指某一些人 （3）she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 （4）注意并列主语排序问题 1. He is taller than I am. 2. He is more intelligent than her. 3. They don’t allow us to smoke here. 这儿不让抽烟。 4. I think England will do what she promised to do. 我想英国会履行她的诺言。 5. You, she and I will be in charge of the case. 6. He and she still don’t agree to the plan. 2. 物主代词 my your his her its our your their mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 3. 反身代词 by oneself, for oneself, enjoy oneself, hurt oneself, teach oneself, etc. 4. 相互代词 each other与one another 1. He put all the books beside each other/one another. 2. Usually these small groups were independent of each other. 5. 指示代词 this 与that A: Hello! This is Bob (speaking).喂，我是鲍勃。 B: Who's that, please? 请问是哪位？(美语用Who's it?或Who's this?） 6. 疑问代词 (1). who与 what (2). which表示在一定范围内，而who、what则无此限制。 1. Who is he? —He is my brother. /He is Henry. 2. What is he？—He is a lawyer/teacher. 3. Which girl do you like best? 你喜欢哪个姑娘？ 4. What girl do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？ 7. 不定代词 (1)some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。 (2)在期待对方回答yes 时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。 (3) each和every (4) other和another, the others 和others, the other 1. Smith went to some place in England. 2. Mum, could you give me some money?(请求) 3. Would you like some bananas?（邀请） 4. Every student in our class has a dictionary. 5. Each student in our class has a dictionary. 6. He got two books; one is textbook, the other is a novel. 7. Five of the pencils are red, the others (the other pens)are yellow. 8. Some are singing, others are dancing. 9. This coat is too dark. Please show me another. 10. I’ll finish the work soon, please give me another 2 minutes. 8. little和a little；few和a few 记忆法：“有（a）就是有，没有（a）就是没有” 1. Hurry up, we have little time left. 2. Don’t worry, we still have a little time. 3. He has only a few friends here. 9. one 与 it 一Two Evening Papers，please! —0nly one copy left．Would you like to have____, sir? A．one B．it C．this D．that 考点涉及范围： 1.人称代词 2. 物主代词 3. 反身代词 4. 相互代词 5. 指示代词 6. 疑问代词 7. 不定代词 8. little和a little；few和a few 9. one 与 it 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）The village is really beautiful. We've decided to stay for _____ two days. A) others B) the others C) the other D) another 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这个村庄真的很漂亮。我们决定再呆两天了。“another + 数词 + 名词复数” 表示 “另外的……”，“another two days” 表示 “另外两天”。 2. （2023·上海中考真题）I can't give you any advice on farming because I know________ about it. A) a few B) few D) little C) a little 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我不能给你任何关于农业的建议，因为我知道________。“a few” 和 “few” 修饰可数名词复数，“a little” 和 “little” 修饰不可数名词。“little” 表示 “几乎没有”，具有否定意义。根据 “I can't give you any advice” 可知，“我” 对农业几乎不了解，此处应用 “little”。 3.（2022·上海中考真题）Your silk scarf is over there. This one is _______. A. I B. me C. my D. mine 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：你的丝巾在那边。这是我的。 考查代词辨析。I我，人称代词主格；me我，人称代词宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine名词性物主代词。空格后没有名词，此处指这是“我的”丝巾，故用名词性物主代词mine指代。故选D。 4.（2022·上海中考真题）Make sure _______ has the textbooks when the new term starts. A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：新学期开始时，要确保每个人都有课本。 考查代词辨析。nobody没有人；anybody任何人；somebody某人；everybody每个人。根据“when the new term starts.”可知，新学期开始要确保每个人都有课本。故选D。 5．（2021·上海·中考真题）I haven’t brought my dictionary with me. Can I use ________? A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我没有带字典。我可以用你的吗？ 考查代词辨析。you你，主格或宾格；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。根据“Can I use...”可知，此处应用名词性物主代词yours，指代“你的字典”。故选C。 6．（2020·上海·中考真题）Randy wrote two novels.________ of them were made into films. I've seen them. A．None B．Both C．All D．Neither 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Randy 写了两本小说。它们都被拍成了电影，我都看了。 考查不定代词。None意为“没有一个”；Both意为“两者都”；All意为“全部”；Neither意为“（两者）没有一个”。根据上文“Randy wrote two novels.”及下文“I've seen them.”可知Randy的两本小说都被拍成了电影。故选B。 7．（2020·上海·中考真题）________friend Claude from France is keen on Chinese culture. A．I B．Me C．My D．Mine 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的法国朋友克劳德很喜欢中国文化。 考查形容词性的物主代词。I我，主格；Me我，宾格；My我的，形容词性的物主代词；Mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据题干可知空后有名词friend，这里用形容词性物主代词my。故选C。 8．（2019·上海·中考真题）Emma，an actress，has become a superstar because of hard work and talent. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Emma，一个女演员，因为她的努力工作和天赋而成为一名巨星。 A. she她，主格；B. her她的，形容词性物主代词；C. hers她的，名词性物主代词；D. herself她自己，反身代词。表示某人的艰苦努力和才能，这里用形容性的物主代词，主语是Emma，是女演员。这里用her。根据题意，故选B。 9．（2019·上海·中考真题）The New Year Concert was so amazing that left in the middle of it. A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新年音乐会太精彩了，没有人中途离开。 A. everybody每人；B. anybody任何人；C. nobody没有人；D. somebody某人。根据上文The New Year Concert was so amazing可知下文是说没有人离开。根据题意，故选C。 10．（2018·上海·中考真题）Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and______is noisy. A．another B．the other C．other D．others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：凯瑟琳有两个表兄妹。一个是安静的，另一个是吵闹的。A. another代词，“又一、另一”，指三个或三个以上中的另一个，常用来修饰单数名词；B. the other两者中的另一个，或后跟名词，指其余的全部；C. other形容词，“其他的”，后跟名词，泛指剩余的一部分；D. others代词，泛指其余的人或物。one…the other...一个……另一个……固定搭配。故答案为B。 点睛：another，other，others，the other，the others的区别： 1.another泛指（指三者或三者以上中的）另一个，既可作代词又可作形容词。 2.other其他的，另外的，泛指另一个或另一些。作定语时常与可数名词复数连用。 3.others泛指别的，其他人或物，是other的复数形式，相当于other加可数名词复数。 4.the other可作代词也可作形容词，表（两者中的）另一个，常用于one…the other…的句型中，如：She has two children, one is a boy, and the other is a girl. 也可以后跟名词复数，特指其余的人或物。 5.the others是the other的复数形式，特指某一范围内“其余的全部人或物”。只作代词用，相当于the other加可数名词复数，如：Four of them are in the classroom, what about the others？ 11．（2018·上海·中考真题）My father is a good doctor. __________works hard to help his patients. A．He B．Him C．His D．Himself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我爸爸是个好医生。他努力帮助病人。A. He他，主格；B. Him他，宾格；C. His他的，形容词性物主代词；D. Himself他自己，反身代词。此处缺少主语，应该用代词的主格形式，故答案为A。 点睛：人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。如：He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(宾格)；物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词用作定语，修饰名词，如my book, his father(形容词性物主代词)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。 12．（2017·上海·中考真题）)The headmaster introduced ______ to the German visitors before the welcome party. A．we B．us C．our D．ours 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在欢迎会开始前校长把我们介绍给了德国游客。Introduce介绍，是及物动词，后接名词或代词作它的宾语。当接人称代词时，代词为宾格。A.we我们，主格代词；B. us我们，宾格代词；C. our我们的，物主代词（形容词性）；D. ours我们的（名词性）。故选B。 13．（2017·上海·中考真题）________ knowledge and experience are important to finish that task. A．Either B．Neither C．None D．Both 【答案】D 【详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意：知识和经验这两点对完成这项任务很重要。A.Either（两者之中的）任一个；B.Neither两者都不；C.None（三者以上）没有一个；D. Both两者都。knowledge and experience，知识和技能，是两个方面，据句意可知，这两项都很重要，属于both…and…结构，两者都……。故选D。 14．（2016·上海·中考真题）The retired couple have decided to go to college. It's time for to begin a new life. A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那对退休的夫妇已决定去上大学。到了他们开始一种新生活的时候了。根据It's time for sb. to do sth．“到了某人该做某事的时间了”。for是介词，后面跟人称代词时，要用人称代词，的宾格形式。they的宾格形式是them。故选B。 15．（2015·上海·中考真题）Nowadays I can choose online courses and study by_____ ? A．I B．me C．my D．myself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：现在我能选在网上上课和自学。By oneself表示靠某人自己；A. I我；B. Me我，宾格；C. My我的；D. Myself我自己。根据题意，故选D。16．（2014·上海·中考真题）Old Mr. Black lives happily with his three dogs. of them are part of his family. A．Both B．All C．None D．Neither 【答案】B 【详解】 考查不定代词辨析。Both两者都; All所有都;Eithe两个钟任何一个都;Neither两者都不.句意:老布莱克和他的三条狗生活得很幸福。它们都是他的家庭的一部分。结合语境可知选B。 17．（2014·上海·中考真题）Do you see that good-looking young man? is a famous Korean film star. A．He B．His C．Him D．Himself 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：He人称代词主格，他；His形容词性物主代词，他的；Him人称代词宾格，他；Himself反身代词，他自己。句意：你看见那个好看的年轻人了吗？——他是一个著名的韩国电影明星。结合语境可知下文用人称代词主格，做主语，选A。 18．（2013·上海·中考真题）My parents showed some old pictures that brought back sweet memories. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我奶奶给我一些老照片,带回了我甜蜜的记忆。show sb. sth.把某物展示给某人看，show是动词后用代词的宾格。结合句意，故选B。 19．（2016·上海·中考真题）The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and ______ could be seen clearly. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：突然间灯灭了，于是很暗，什么也看不见。 A. anything (用于否定句、疑问句也用于if或whether之后，或紧接prevent、ban、avoid等动词，代替something) 任何东西；B. something某事；C. nothing没有什么；D. everything每件事。根据前面一句的意思为——-突然灯灭了，go out 熄灭，it was very dark 很暗，可知，没有东西能被看见（什么也看不见），因此“没东西”为nothing。因此答案为C。 20．（2012·上海·中考真题）We have decided to try ________ best to raise more money for the local charity. A．us B．our C．we D．ours 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们决定尽最大努力为当地的慈善机构筹集更多的资金。考查固定搭配，考查代词，try ones best to do ，尽某人的努力去做某事，前面有个we，可知用our，答案选B。 21．（2013·上海·中考真题）__________ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you. A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody 【答案】A 【详解】Somebody某人，一般用于肯定句；Anybody任何人，用于一般疑问句及否定句；Everybody每个人；Nobody没有人。句意：有人在门口等你。他想对你说谢谢。结合语境可知选Ａ。 考点：不定代词辨析 22．（2012·上海·中考真题）I can’t connect my computer to the Internet. There must be _______wrong with it. A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不能把电脑和网络连起来。肯定是有什么毛病。 A. something某事； B. everything 一切事情； C. anything 任何事情，用于否定句或疑问句中； D. nothing没有事情。根据该句是肯定句，及句意，故选A。 ►考向二 名词的用法及主要考点 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 名词的词义辨析及词性转化 1、同类名词词义辨析 A. doctor B.engineer C.writer D.scientist 2、不同类名词词义辨析 A. sign B. need C. reason D. change 3、名词的词性转化 safe-safety; long-length; honest-honesty prove-proof; complain-complaint 名词的数 1、规则的可数名词 1）一般加s 2）以 s，sh，ch，x结尾的加 –es 3）辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 ies 4）以 o 结尾的词 +es; 以 o 结尾 +s 5）以f，fe 结尾的多数为-ves; 以f，fe 结尾的少数直接 + s 1. teachers, books, 2. classes，dishes, matches, boxes 3. cities，countries，parties，factories 4. (1) heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes (2) radios，zoos，bamboos，pianos，kilos，photos 5. (1) leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves (2) roofs proofs, gulfs, beliefs 2、 不规则的可数名词 1）单复数词形相近 2）fish如表示不同种类的鱼时复数是fishes： 3）以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时 4）单复数相同 1.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, child—children, mouse—mice 2. There are many kinds of fishes in that lake. 3.man servant—men servants； woman doctor—women doctors. (*boy/girl students) 4. sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese, works 3、复合名词 1. son-in-law---sons-in-law 2. looker-on—lookers-on 4、字母,阿拉伯数字 1. There are two l’s in the word “ all ”. 2. Your 7’s and 9’s look alike. 3. It happened in the 1960’s /1960s. 4. I will not accept your if’s and but’s. 5、定冠词加姓氏的复数 the Turners, the Smiths, the Wangs 6、集体名词 class, family, population, team, crew 1. The class is big.---The class are taking notes in English. 2. The population in China is large. ---- 80% of the population in China are peasants. 7、以s 结尾的学科名词 mathematics , physics, politics, news 8、glasses， trousers类 1. Where are my glasses ？ 2. My new pair of trousers is too long. 3. Here are some new pairs of shoes. 9、不可数名词表示“一个”时 1. a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / meat / coal 2. a bottle of ink 10、常考不可数名词 information, weather, news, advice, fun，etc. 名词的所有格 1. 一般加’s (1)复合名词只在最后一个词的后面加 ’s (2)表示共同所有的几个名词，只在最后一个词的后面加’s (3)表示各个所有关系的几个名词，在每个名词后分别加’s (4)名词短语只在最后一个词后加 ’s 1.my sister-in-law’s brother. 2.This is Tom, James and Dick’s room. 3.Jenny’s, Jean’s and Mary’s rooms face （to the） south. 4.a quarter of an hour’s talk 2. 有时加of 1）凡不能用’s的情况可用 of表示所属关系 2)当名词有较长的定语时： 1. the City of New York. 2. a map of China. 3. the name of the girl standing at the gate. 4. Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday？ 3. 双重所有格 当of前面的名词有不定冠词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词或数词如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another等修饰时 1. a poem of Lu Xun’s 2. a friend of his/hers 3. Which novel of Dicken’s are you reading ? 4. some friends of my brothers’ 4．几种特殊情况 1. the key to the door 2. answers to the question 3. the entrance to the station / cinema 4. tickets for the film / movie ►名词的数与格 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）Michael has a habit of exercising for about 30 _________every day. (minute) 【答案】. minutes 【解析】考查名词。根据句意 “迈克尔有每天锻炼几分钟的习惯”，此处为名词复数形式，表示 “分钟”，应用 minutes。 2.（2019·上海中考真题）I couldn't get much of the exhibition of clean-energy products from the website. A. news B. photos C. posters D. advertisements 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词．句意：我从网站上看不到关于清洁能源产品展览会的很多新闻。 A. news新闻；B. photos照片；C. posters海报；D. advertisements广告。根据文中of the exhibition of clean-energy products from the website.可知这里是许多新闻。根据题意，故选A。 3．（2018·上海中考真题）It’s five ________ walk from my new house to the underground station.   (minute) 【答案】minutes’ 【详解】句意：从我的新房子到地铁站需要步行五分钟。minute分钟，名词；空处需要名词所有格作定语修饰名词walk；且由five可知，名词应用其复数形式。故填minutes’。 4.（2017·上海中考真题）Did the policeman give much _______ on how to protect personal information？A．note B．tip C．advice D．book 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词．句意"那个警察对如何保护个人信息给出了很多建议吗？"note笔记．tip小费．advice建议．book书．根据题干Did the policeman give much _______ on how to protect personal information？可知句意应为那个警察对如何保护个人信息给出了很多建议吗？much应修饰不可数名词advice．其他选项都是可数名词，意思也不相符．故选C． 5．（2020秋·上海虹口·九年级上海市民办新复兴初级中学校考期中）The government should pay more attention to protecting ________ basic rights. （city） 【答案】citizens’ 【详解】句意：政府应更加重视保护公民的基本权利。根据“The government should pay more attention to protecting…basic rights”可知，此处指公民的基本权利，不止一个公民，应用名词的复数形式的所有格，故填citizens’。 6．（2022秋·九年级单元测试）I really believe that to feed pets can change _______ life.（person） 【答案】person’s 【详解】句意：我真的相信养宠物能改变人的生活。这里是用名词所有格作定语，这里用person的所有格，change person’s life“表示改变人的生活”。故填person’s。 ►名词的词性转化 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海中考真题）Flying kites with friends gives Tina a feeling of great__________. (happy) 【答案】.happiness 【解析】考查名词。根据句意 “和朋友一起放风筝给蒂娜一种极大的快乐感觉”，此处应用名词形式 happiness。 2．（2022春·上海黄浦·九年级上海外国语大学附属大境初级中学校考期中）Some interesting things came up in our __________ yesterday. (discuss) 【答案】discussion 【详解】句意：在我们昨天的讨论中出现了一些有趣的事情。根据our可知，此空应填名词discussion“讨论”，单数形式即可，故填discussion。 3．（2022春·上海黄浦·九年级上海外国语大学附属大境初级中学校考期中）The great __________ is respected by the world. (art) 【答案】artist 【详解】句意：这位伟大的艺术家受到全世界的尊敬。根据“The great… is respected by the world”可知，艺术家受到尊敬，artist“艺术家”，根据is可知，此空应填名词单数形式，故填artist。 4．（2022春·上海徐汇·九年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）Melody’s parents always tell her to make a ________ by herself. (decide) 【答案】decision 【详解】句意：梅洛迪的父母总是告诉她要自己做决定。a后跟单数名词，根据“make a...”和所给词可知，此处考查make a decision“做决定”，故填decision。 5．（2022秋·九年级单元测试）Although they are twins, they have different ________. (person) 【答案】personalities 【详解】句意：虽然他们是双胞胎，但他们有不同的性格。此处作宾语，其前被different修饰，主语为复数they，可知要用名词复数；person表示“人”，是名词；根据句意，此处是“性格”之意。person的衍生词personality表示“性格，个性”，是名词，故填personalities。 6．（2022春·上海长宁·九年级统考期中）Last summer, I went on a trip to _____ with my father. It was great fun. (German) 【答案】Germany 【详解】句意：去年夏天，我和爸爸去德国旅行。这很有趣。根据“went on a trip to”可知，此处指去德国旅行，Germany“德国”，国名，故填Germany。 ►名词的词义辨析 【真题链接】 1.（2017·上海中考真题）I don't think there is ever a good reason to lie to our children．Children learn honesty from the 　 　 they see． A．Films B．Details C．Examples D．teachers 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词．A表示电影；B表示细节；C表示例子；D表示老师．由I don't think there is ever a good reason to lie to our children可知此处表示孩子们在他们看见的实例中来学会诚实，选C 2.（2018·上海中考真题）As you know,teachers always put the _____ of students above anything else. A)actions B)needs C)records D)attitudes 【答案】B 【解析】通过前后文学生想学更多知识但不一定都会买报纸推断老师常以学生需求为先。 3.（2019·上海中考真题）These weren’t stopped by their age or size or lack of resources ，they saw a______ in the world around them and to step hep where they could. A. sign B. need C. reason D. change 【答案】. B 【解析】句意：他们没有因为年龄、规模或缺乏资源而停止，他们看到了周围世界的需求。 A. sign标志；B. need需要；C. reason原因；D. change改变。根据上文These weren’t stopped by their age or size or lack of resources可知下文是说需求。根据题意，故选B。 4.（2020·上海中考真题）The book shows them，through other kids' stories，how they can make a ___，too. A. plan B. mistake C. decision D. difference 【答案】.D 【解析】 .句意：这本书通过其他孩子们的故事向他们展示了他们如何才能做出改变。 A. plan计划；B. mistake犯错误；C. decision决定；D. difference不同。根据上文The book explains some of the world's big problems-hunger， health and animals in danger-in a way that young children can understand.The book shows them，through other kids' stories可知，下文是展示他们如何改变，做出不同。短语make a difference，表示有影响，发挥作用。根据题意，故选D。 5.（2020·上海中考真题）Find the right so that your efforts will work well. A．time B．place C．habit D．skill 【答案】A 【解析】句意：找到合适的时间，使你的工作顺利进行。 time时间；place地点；habit习惯；skill技巧。根据“Some students focus better in the morning；others at night”可知不同的学生需要的时间不一样，此处是指找到合适的时间，故选A。 6.（2021·上海中考真题）A walk in the countryside and a careful look at can help. A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你还没有，在乡间散步和仔细观察大自然会有所帮助。 society社会；nature自然；pictures图片；advertisements广告；根据“The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro (粘扣) when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.”可知，此处指的是“观察大自然”，故选B。 7.（2022·上海中考真题）Wu Mengchao, a great and ordinary, ___________ saved lots of patients with his magic hands. A)doctor B)engineer C)writer D)scientist 【答案】A 【详解】句意：吴梦超，一个伟大而平凡的______, 用他的魔法手拯救了很多病人。 doctor医生；engineer 工程师；writer 作家； scientist科学家。根据文章最后“saved lots of patients with his magic hands.”可知，吴是一位医生。故选A。 8.（2022·上海中考真题）She believed in facts and observation. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did some ______. A. exercises B. drawings C. reviews D. experiments 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了解释那些“奇怪”的事件，她做了一些实验。 exercises练习；drawings图纸；reviews评论；experiments实验。根据下文“she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun and a mirror as the Moon”可知，把一张圆桌作为地球，一盏灯作为太阳，一面镜子作为月亮，这是王贞仪为解释自然现象所做的实验。故选D。 9. （2021·上海中考真题）Last week, my friend and I watched an exciting 4 D film in the _______ and it made us feel so real. A) family B)tree C)cinema D)dream 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析．句意：上周，我和我的朋友在_____看了一部令人兴奋的4D电影，这让我们感觉很真实。A. 家族； B. 树； C. 电影院； D. 梦想。根据文章最后“ I watched an exciting 4 D film in the .......”可知，是在电影院看电影。故选C。 10. （2019·上海中考真题）When you walk along the______, you should be careful with the cars around you. A) street B) bridge C) river D) hill 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析．句意：当你沿着______走着时，你应该小心对待你周围的汽车。A) 街B) 桥 C) 河 D) 山。根据文章最后“ 你应该小心对待你周围的汽车。”可知，是在大街上行走。故选A。 11.（2018·上海中考真题）-Could you tell me the _______ of making such a fantastic model car? -Well, I just followed the steps in the video. A)culture B)influence C)impression D)method 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析．句意：你能告诉我制造这么棒的模型汽车的_______吗？ -嗯，我只是按照视频中的步骤去做了。根据文章最后“ Well, I just followed the steps in the video.”可知，是告诉我制造汽车的方法。故选D。 A 各类代词用法及其他 1．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）A: Would you like to see a film or go shopping this weekend? B: ________. I prefer to surf the Internet at home. A．Either B．Both C．None D．Neither 【答案】D 【详解】句意：A： 这个周末你想看电影还是去购物？B： 都不想。我更喜欢在家上网。 考查代词辨析。either两者之一；both两者都；none全都不；neither两者都不。根据“Would you like to see a film or go shopping this weekend?”以及“I prefer to surf the Internet at home.”可知不想去看电影，也不想去购物，更喜欢在家上网，表示“两者都不”，用neither。故选D。 2．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Although they have already got a gold medal, they try to win ________ one. A．other B．another C．the other D．others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽管他们已经获得了一枚金牌，但是他们仍尽力赢得另一枚。 考查代词词义辨析。other其他的，后接可数名词复数；another泛指另一个，后接可数名词单数；the other另一个，特指两者中的另一个；others其他的人或物，后不跟名词。根据空格后面的one，他们想要再赢一枚金牌。故选B。 3．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）If you don’t like the style of the shoes, you can ask the clerk to bring you ________ pair. A．another B．other C．the other D．others 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你不喜欢这双鞋的风格，你可以让店员再给你拿一双。 考查代词辨析。another泛指的另一个，后跟名词单数；other其他的，后跟名词复数；the other两者中的另一个；others其他人或物。根据“pair”可知，此处是泛指的另一双，用another。故选A。 4．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）If you put a small object in a pot full of water, it will display only ________ water. A．a few B．few C．a little D．little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你把一个小物体放入装满水的壶中，它只会溢出一点水。 考查代词。a few一些，修饰可数名词复数，表达肯定含义；few很少，修饰可数名词复数，表达否定含义；a little一点点，修饰不可数名词，表达肯定含义；little少的几乎没有，修饰不可数名词，表达否定含义。根据“it will display only...water.”可知，空处修饰不可数名词，且表示肯定含义，用a little修饰。故选C。 5．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）I can read the novel Wonder although there are ________ new words in it. A．little B．few C．a little D．a few 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我能读懂小说《Wonder 》，尽管里面有一些生词。 考查代词。little很少，修饰不可数名词，表示否定含义；few很少，修饰可数名词，表示否定含义；a little少许，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定含义；a few少许，修饰可数名词，表示肯定含义。此处修饰复数名词，排除AC；although引导让步状语从句，说明这本小说里有一些生词，表示肯定含义，应用a few。故选D。 6．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）— Hurry up! ________ is waiting for you at the school gate. — Thanks. It is my mother. A．Anybody B．Nobody C．Somebody D．Everybody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——快点！有人在校门口等你。——谢谢。是我妈妈。 考查代词辨析。Anybody任何人；Nobody没有人；Somebody某人；Everybody每个人。根据“is waiting for you at the school gate.”和“ It is my mother.”可知，本句是肯定句，且表示有人在校门口等着。故选C。 7．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）James wants to buy ________ computer though he has already got two. A．another B．other C．the other D．others 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然詹姆斯已经有两台电脑了，但他还想再买一兮。 考查代词辨析。other其他的，泛指剩余的另一些并非全部；others其他的人(物或事），等于“other+名词”；another再一个/另一个，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的另一个；the other特指两者中另外一个。根据“though he has already got two”可知，此处是指他还想再买一台，用another。故选A。 8．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）________ is very important for us to learn to use information on the Internet. A．It B．There C．This D．Those 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对我们来说，学会使用互联网上的信息是非常重要的。 考查代词辨析。It它；There这里；This这个；Those那些。根据“…is very important for us to learn to use information on the Internet.”可知，此处用it作形式主语，句子结构是It is+形容词 for sb. to do sth.意为“做某事对某人来说是……”。故选A。 9．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）There is still ________ milk in the bottle. We needn’t buy it now. A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 【答案】B 【详解】句意： 瓶子里还有一些牛奶。我们现在不必买它。 考查不定代词辨析。little几乎没，修饰不可数名词；a little一些，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词。milk是不可数名词，再由“We needn’t buy it now.”可知，此处说的是还有一些牛奶，用a little。故选B。 10．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）—This room is too small. I’d like to ask for _______. —Sorry. All rooms in our hotel are full tonight. A．another B．the other C．other D．the others 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个房间太小了。我想要另一个。——对不起。今晚我们宾馆所有的房间都客满了。 考查代词辨析。another泛指另一个（三者或以上）；the other（两者中的）另一个；other其他的；the others其他东西，其余的人。根据“This room is too small. I’d like to ask for...”可知，这个房间太小了，想要另一个房间，此处表泛指，应用another。故选A。 11．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have only _______ time left. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 【答案】D 【详解】句意：快点，孩子们！校车来了。我们只有一点儿时间了。 考查代词辨析。few很少，修饰可数名词复数；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数；little少得几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点点，修饰不可数名词。根据“time”是不可数名词可知，应用little/a little修饰；再根据“Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming.”可知，校车来了，所剩时间不多了，空格前有only，后用a little。故选D。 12．（2024·上海崇明·二模）The thief was put in the police car with a policeman on _________ side of him. A．all B．both C．either D．every 【答案】C 【详解】句意：小偷被带上一辆警车，他两侧各有一名警察。 考查代词辨析。all所有，全部，后接名词复数；both两者都，后接名词复数；either任何一个，后接名词单数；every每一个 (三者及以上)。根据“...side of him”可知，此处指小偷的左右两边，且设空处后为单数名词，either符合语境。故选C。 13．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Joe sat in the park with a book in one hand and a bottle of apple juice in ________. A．other B．another C．the others D．the other 【答案】D 【详解】句意：乔坐在公园里，一手拿着一本书，一手拿着一瓶苹果汁。 考查代词辨析。other其他的，后跟名词；another三者或三者以上的另一个；the others其余的；the other两者中的另一个。由“Joe sat in the park with a book in one hand and a bottle of apple juice in…”可知，此处应该是说一手拿书，一手拿苹果汁。故选D。 14．（2024·上海崇明·二模）—Alice, you look much happier today. —I got the latest news from the doctor. He said there was _________ wrong with me. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，你今天看起来高兴多了。——我从医生那里得到最新消息。他说我没有任何问题。 考查不定代词辨析。something某物；nothing没有什么；anything任何事物；everything一切。根据“you look much happier today”可知，爱丽丝看起来很开心，是因为她身体没有任何问题，nothing wrong“没有问题；没有什么”。故选B。 15．（2024·上海长宁·二模）John is old enough to dress ________ now. His mother doesn’t have to help him. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：约翰已经长大了，可以自己穿衣服了。他妈妈不需要帮他。 考查固定搭配。根据固定词组dress oneself“给自己穿衣”可知，这里应使用反身代词himself“他自己”。故选D。 16．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Cathy, come on please. I have got ________ important to discuss with you. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：凯茜，拜托了。我有重要的事情要和你商量。 考查复合不定代词辨析。something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没有什么。由“Cathy, come on please. I have got…important to discuss with you”可知，此处指有一些重要的事讨论，应用something。故选A。 17．（2024·上海静安·二模）Would you please open the window? There seems to be only ________ fresh air in the classroom. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你可以打开窗户吗？教室里只有一点新鲜空气。 考查代词辨析。few几乎没有，表示否定，后接可数名词复数形式；a few有一点，表示肯定，后接可数名词复数形式；little几乎没有，表示否定，后接不可数名词；a little有一点，表示肯定，后接不可数名词。空后“fresh air”是不可数名词，根据“Would you please open the window?”和空格前的“only”可知，教室里只有一点新鲜空气。故选D。 18．（2024·上海静安·二模）I telephoned a lot of restaurants, but ________ of them were available for booking. A．both B．neither C．all D．none 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我给很多餐馆打了电话，但没有一家可以预订。 考查代词辨析。both两者都；neither两者都不；all全都；none全都不。根据“I telephoned a lot of restaurants, but...of them were available for booking.”可知转折词后表示没有一家餐馆可以预定，表示全都不用none。故选D。 19．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Tourists from home and abroad can enjoy wonderful views on ________ sides of the Huangpu River. A．none B．both C．all D．neither 【答案】B 【详解】句意：来自国内外的游客在黄浦江两岸观赏到了美妙的景色。 考查代词。none没有，表示三者或三者以上；both两者都；all三者及三者以上都；neither两者都不。根据“...sides of the Huangpu River”可知，是指黄浦江两岸。故选B。 20．（2024·上海宝山·二模）After eating two rice dumplings, the hungry boy asked for ________ one. A．another B．other C．others D．the other 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在吃了两个粽子后，这个饥饿的男孩又要了另一个。 考查不定代词辨析。another又一 (三者及以上)，后跟单数可数名词；other其他的；others其他的人或物；the other两者中的另一个。根据“After eating two rice dumplings”可知，是吃了两个之后，又要了一个，应用another。故选A。 21．（2024·上海宝山·二模）David’s idea to go to the Oriental Pearl TV Tower doesn’t agree with ________. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大卫去东方明珠电视塔的想法与我的想法不一致。 考查代词辨析。I我，主格人称代词；me我，宾格人称代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“David’s idea to go to the Oriental Pearl TV Tower”可知，此处指的是想法不同，此处应该填入mine“我的”，名词性物主代词，指代我去东方明珠电视塔的想法，作宾语。故选D。 22．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The monitor of our class is warm-hearted and is always ready to help ________. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们班的班长热心肠，乐于助人。 考查不定代词。other其他的，后跟名词复数；the other另一个，特指两者中的一个；another再一个；others另一些人。根据“is always ready to help…”和空格后没有名词可知，泛指帮助其他人，用others。故选D。 23．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Jimmy completed the project ahead of time and proudly praised ________ for his hard work. A．his B．him C．he D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：吉米提前完成了项目，并自豪地称赞自己的辛勤工作。 考查反身代词。his他的；him他；he他；himself他自己。根据“Jimmy completed the project ahead of time and proudly praised…for his hard work.”可知是指称赞自己的辛勤工作。故选D。 24．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Interested in Chinese culture, Emma teaches ________ making moon cakes. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：艾玛对中国文化感兴趣，她自学制作月饼。 考查代词辨析。she她，人称代词；her她（人称代词），她的（物主代词）；hers她的，物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“Interested in Chinese culture, Emma teaches...making moon cakes.”可知，艾玛对中国文化感兴趣，所以她会自学做月饼，应用短语teach oneself“自学”，此空应填反身代词herself。故选D。 25．（2024·上海松江·二模）The plane was delayed yesterday. All the passengers had to wait for ________ hour. A．other B．the other C．the others D．another 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天飞机晚点了。所有的乘客不得不再等一个小时。 考查代词辨析。other其他的；the other（两者中的）另一个；the others剩余的全部；another另一个（三者及以上）。根据“All the passengers had to wait for...hour.”可知，此处是指再等一小时，hour为单数，空处应是another表示泛指。故选D。 26．（2024·上海松江·二模）Don’t worry about what will happen in the future. ________ is going to be fine. A．Nothing B．Something C．Everything D．Anything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要担心将来会发生什么。一切都会好起来的。 考查不定代词辨析。Nothing没有什么；Something某事；Everything一切事物；Anything任何事物。根据“Don’t worry about what will happen in the future.”可知，此处指一切都会好起来的。故选C。 27．（2024·安徽·二模）—Which subject will you choose to enter the photo competition, plants or animals? —I’m afraid ________. I’m better at taking photos of buildings. A．neither B．either C．none D．nothing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你会选择哪个主题参加摄影比赛，植物还是动物？——恐怕都不是。我更擅长拍摄建筑物的照片。 考查不定代词。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；none三者或以上都不；nothing没有什么。根据“Which subject will you choose to enter the photo competition, plants or animals?”和“ I’m better at taking photos of buildings.”可知，此处表示两者都不是，故选A。 28．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The books borrowed from the school library shouldn’t be lent to ________ students. A．another B．other C．the other D．others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从学校图书馆借来的书不应该被借给其他学生。 考查词汇辨析。another三者以上中的另一个，与名词单数连用；other其他的，另外的，与名词复数或不可数名词连用；the other两者中的另一个，与one连用，one...the other表示“一个……另一个……”；others其他的人或事物，相当于other+名词复数。空处修饰复数名词students，空处用other。故选B。 29．（2024·江苏南通·一模）—How do you like your life in Grade 9? —It seemed a little difficult at first, but ________ turns out fine now. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你觉得九年级的生活怎么样？——起初似乎有点困难，但现在一切都好了。 考查代词辨析。something某件事；anything任何事；nothing没什么；everything每件事。根据“It seemed a little difficult at first, but”可知but表转折，也就是起初事情有点难，现在每件事都变好了。故选D。 30．（2024·上海闵行·二模）“Boys and girls, whatever you’re doing, just do ________ best.” said our class teacher. A．you B．your C．yours D．yourselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“孩子们，不管你们在做什么，都要全力以赴。我们的班主任说。 考查形容词性物主代词。you你们，人称代词；your你们的，形容词性物主代词；yours你们的，名词性物主代词；yourselves你们自己，反身代词。do one’s best“尽某人最大努力”，此处用your。故选B。 B 名词的数、格及名词词义辨析 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）I’m worried about the _______ of the medicine. A．safe B．safety C．save D．safely 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我担心这种药的安全性。 考查名词的用法。safe安全的，形容词；safety安全，名词；save保存，动词；safely安全地，副词。分析句子可知，介词about后接名词safety作宾语。故选B。 2．（2024·上海崇明·二模）I had to remove some _________ from the house to make room for my new piano. A．desk B．chair C．bookshelf D．furniture 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了给我的新钢琴腾地方，我不得不从房子里搬走一些家具。 考查名词。desk课桌，可数名词单数；chair椅子，可数名词单数；bookshelf书架，可数名词单数；furniture家具，不可数名词。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，所以是furniture。故选D。 3．（2024·上海金山·二模）This article offers much useful ________ on how to lose weight and keep healthy. A．topic B．tip C．suggestion D．information 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这篇文章提供了很多关于如何减肥和保持健康的有用信息。 考查名词辨析。topic主题，可数名词；tip建议，可数名词；suggestion建议，可数名词；information信息，不可数名词。much修饰不可数名词，故选D。 4．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）There is only a little ________ in the fridge. That’s not enough for breakfast. A．cake B．milk C．egg D．vegetable 【答案】B 【详解】句意：冰箱里只有一点牛奶。那还不够做早餐。 考查名词辨析。cake蛋糕，可数名词；milk牛奶，不可数名词；egg鸡蛋，可数名词；vegetable蔬菜，可数名词。根据空前的“a little”可知，a little后面需接不可数名词。故选B。 5．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Perhaps there won’t be ________ for everybody in thirty years’ time. A．enough room B．enough rooms C．rooms enough D．room enough 【答案】A 【详解】句意：三十年后，也许不会有足够的空间容纳每个人。 考查不可数名词和enough的用法。enough足够的，限定词，用于复数名词或不可数名词前；room空间，不可数名词；rooms房间，可数名词复数形式。根据语境可知，30年后，我们居住的空间会变小，可推测此处是也许不会有足够的空间容纳每个人，room应为“空间”，不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除B和C，又因限定词enough修饰名词时应在名词前。故选A。 6．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Nicotine ______ the functioning of heart and lung, which means it has bad ______ on your heart and lung. A．effects, affects B．effects, effects C．affects, effects D．affects, affects 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尼古丁会影响心脏和肺的功能，这意味着它对你的心脏和肺有不良影响。 考查词性辨析。effect影响，是名词；affect影响，是动词；分析句子结构可知，第一句缺谓语，应用动词，句子为一般现在时，主语是单数，动词用三单形式；第二空是短语have a bad effect on“对……有坏的影响”，空前没有不定冠词，此处名词应用复数形式，故选C。 7．（2022·上海黄浦·一模）The government has made some _________ in environment protection. A．mistake B．decision C．change D．progress 【答案】D 【详解】句意：政府在环境保护方面取得了一些进展。 考查名词的数。mistake错误；decision决定；change变化；progress进展。mistake，decision和change为可数名词，progress为不可数名词，some+可数名词复数或者不可数名词，故选D。 8．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）Here is ________ on how to deal with the problems in a positive way. A．some advices B．some advice C．an advice D．some suggestion 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这里有一些关于如何以积极的方式处理这些问题的建议。 考查名词的单复数。advice“建议”，不可数名词，排除A、C项；suggestion“建议”，可数名词，排除D项。故选B。 9．（2024·西藏·中考真题）There are many famous ________ in the Chinese history. A．woman hero B．women heroes C．women hero D．woman heroes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国历史上有许多著名的女英雄。 考查名词复数。含有woman修饰名词时，变为复数时，需要将woman和所修饰词一起变为复数；hero的复数是heroes，因此women heroes符合句意，故选B。 10．（2024·河北承德·二模）I was told that two ________ teachers would teach us English and chemistry next term. A．woman B．women C．woman’s D．women’s 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有人告诉我下学期将有两位女老师教我们英语和化学。 考查复合名词的复数。“man/woman+名词”构成的复合名词，两个词都要变成复数，women teachers“女老师”。故选B。 11．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）It’s about ________walk from my home to the train station. A．20 minutes B．20 minute’s C．20 minutes’ D．20-minutes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：从我家到火车站大约需要步行20分钟。 考查名词所有格。空处在句中作定语，所以用名词所有格形式或复合形容词。“20分钟的步程”有两种表达：一种是，20 minutes’ walk，这里表示所属关系；第二种，20-minute walk，这里用连字符号构词成复合形容词作定语。结合选项，故选C。 12．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）Can you imagine what the village will be like ________? A．in 10 year’s time B．in 10-year time C．in 10 years’ time D．in 10 year time 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能想象10年后这个村庄会是什么样子吗？ 考查名词所有格。结合选项可知，此处表示的是“十年的时间后”，时间的所有格用’s表示，year是可数名词，前面数词是ten，名词应用复数形式，以s结尾的复数名词变所有格直接加’即可。故选C。 13．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）—Hi, Michelle. Is this your MP4? —No, it’s not mine. I think it’s ________. A．someone’s B．someone else C．someone else’s D．else someone’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好，米歇尔。这是你的MP4吗？——不，不是我的。我想这是其他人的。 考查词义辨析和名词所有格。someone某人；someone else其他人；else someone是错误表达。根据“No, it’s not mine. I think it’s...”可知，此处指的是“其他人的”，排除A选项；此处用someone else的所有格形式someone else’s，指是“其他人的MP4”。故选C。 14．（2024·西藏·中考真题）________ father works in the police station. A．Eric and Helen’s B．Eric and Helen C．Eric’s and Helen D．Eric’s and Helen’s 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Eric和Helen的爸爸在警察局工作。 考查名词所有格。此空修饰名词father，应用名词所有格，排除B选项；father是单数，此处表示两个人共同的父亲，在最后一个人名后加’s，故选A。 15．（2024九年级·江苏·专题练习）Mrs. Bond is one old friend of________. A．Jack mother B．Jack mother’s C．Jack’s mother D．Jack’s mother’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Bond夫人是Jack的妈妈的一个老朋友。 考查双重所有格。Jack mother形式错误；Jack mother’s形式错误；Jack’s mother杰克的妈妈；Jack’s mother’s杰克的妈妈的。根据“Mrs. Bond is one old friend of...”可知，这里说的是“Jack的妈妈的老朋友”，应用双重所有格形式，故选D。 16．（2024九年级·江苏·专题练习）A group of ________ are eating ________ and ________ at the foot of the hill. A．sheep; grass; leaves B．sheeps; grasses; leaves C．sheep; grass; leafs D．sheeps; grass; leafs 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一群羊在山脚下吃着草和树叶。 考查名词辨析。sheep羊，单复同形；grass草，不可数名词；leaf树叶，其复数形式是leaves。根据“are eating”可知，主语是复数，动词eat后面grass和leaves作宾语，故选A。 17．（2024九年级·全国·专题练习）Tom and Tim have some ________ and ________. A．tomatos; chicken B．tomatoes; chickens C．tomatoes; chicken D．tomatos; chickens 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆和蒂姆吃了一些西红柿和鸡肉。 考查可数名词复数和不可数名词。tomato表示“西红柿”，其复数形式为tomatoes；chicken表示“鸡肉”时，是不可数名词，表示“小鸡”时，是可数名词。根据“Tom and Tim have some...”可知此处是指鸡肉，故选C。 18．（2024·西藏日喀则·一模）Our English teacher gave us ________ on how to learn English. A．some advices B．an advice C．a piece of advice D．one advice 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师给了我们一条如何学习英语的建议。 考查不可数名词。advice“建议”，不可数名词，因此不能用an或one修饰，也没有复数，a piece of advice“一条建议”。故选C。 19．（23-24九年级下·四川自贡·期中）________ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are ________ teachers. A．A number of; women B．The number of; women C．The number of; woman 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们学校的教师人数大约是200人，其中四分之一是女教师。 考查短语和名词复数。a number of许多的，大量的，后跟名词复数作主语时，谓语用复数；the number of……的数量，后跟名词复数，作主语时，谓语用单数。根据“is”可知，谓语是单数，空一处用the number of，故排除A；根据“one fourth of them are ... teachers.”及选项可知，空二处表示女教师，为woman teacher，变复数时，两个单词都需要变成复数。故选B。 20．（2024·吉林长春·二模）My teacher gives me much ________ on improving English speaking skills. A．problem B．idea C．advice D．reply 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的老师给我了很多关于提高英语口语技能的建议。 考查名词辨析。problem问题；idea主意；advice建议；reply回复。much修饰不可数名词，只有“advice”为不可数名词，并且符合句意，故选C。 21．（23-24九年级上·湖北武汉·期中）—Jack was caught cheating in the competition. —That’s why we have called off his right to attend the next competition in the name of ________. A．safety B．fairness C．truth D．pride 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰克在比赛中作弊被抓了。——这就是为什么我们以公平的名义取消了他参加下一场比赛的权利。 考查名词辨析。safety安全；fairness公平；truth真相；pride骄傲。根据“Jack was caught cheating in the competition.”和“called off his right to attend the next competition”可知，这里指以公平的名义取消了他参加下一场比赛的权利，故选B。 22．（24-25九年级上·甘肃平凉·期中）—I want to visit Mr. Wang. Could you please tell me his ________? —Sure. He is my neighbor. Just follow me. A．age B．hobby C．address D．office 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想去拜访王先生。你能告诉我他的地址吗？——当然。他是我的邻居。跟我来。 考查名词辨析。age年龄；hobby爱好；address地址；office办公室。根据“Sure. He is my neighbor. Just follow me.”可知，对方是王先生的邻居，跟着他就可以找到王先生的住址。故选C。 23．（24-25九年级上·山东菏泽·期中）— Have you set a ________ on your new phone? —Certainly. I have to protect my personal information. A．date B．lock C．message D．language 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的新手机设置锁了吗？——当然。我必须保护我的个人信息。 考查名词辨析。date日期；lock锁；message信息；language语言。根据“I have to protect my personal information.”可知，用锁保护手机里的个人信息，故选B。 24．（24-25九年级上·甘肃定西·期中）When you read in the library, you must follow the _________ of the library. A．facts B．grades C．books D．rules 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当你在图书馆读书时，你必须遵守图书馆的规定。 考查名词辨析。facts事实；grades年级；books书；rules规定。根据“you must follow the…of the library.”可知，应该说遵守图书馆的规定。故选D。 25．（24-25九年级上·天津滨海新·期中）—I don’t know what to write about the four great classical Chinese novels. —You’d better read ________ first and then organize your own ideas. A．results B．reasons C．reviews D．rewards 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道该怎么写中国四大名著的读后感。——你最好先读读书评，然后整理自己的想法。 考查名词辨析。results结果；reasons理由；reviews书评；rewards报酬。根据“I don’t know what to write about the four great classical Chinese novels.”可知，此处是指通过阅读书评来写中国四大名著的读后感。故选C。 26．（24-25九年级上·江西南昌·期中）—I always get nervous when I start a (n) ________ with others. —Take it easy. Believe in yourself. A．condition B．communication C．instruction D．direction 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——当我开始和别人交流时，我总是很紧张。——别紧张。相信自己。 考查名词辨析。condition情况，状况；communication交流；instruction说明；direction方向。根据“I always get nervous when I start a (n)…with others.”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指和别人交流的时候会紧张，所以B项符合。故选B。 27．（24-25九年级上·安徽阜阳·期中）We should make ______ politely when we are in need. Then people will be glad to help us. A．decisions B．plans C．excuses D．requests 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我们需要帮助的时候，我们应该礼貌地提出请求。那么人们会很乐意帮助我们的。 考查名词辨析。decisions决定；plans计划；excuses理由；requests请求。根据“when we are in need”和“Then people will be glad to help us.”可知，此处指礼貌地提出请求，make requests意为“提出请求”。故选D。 28．（24-25九年级上·安徽阜阳·阶段练习）I asked my friend Mary for some advice on how to improve my listening ________. A．course B．preparation C．ability D．truth 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我请我的朋友玛丽给我一些如何提高听力的建议。 考查名词辨析。course课程；preparation准备；ability能力；truth事实。根据“I asked my friend Mary for some advice on how to improve my listening…”可知，这里说的是听的能力。故选C。 29．（23-24九年级上·云南昆明·期中）—Sir, can you tell me your ________? —Sure. It’s at No. 201 Main Street. A．address B．height C．secret D．style 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——先生。你能告诉我你的地址吗？——当然。我家在主街201号。 考查名词辨析。address地址；height身高；secret秘密；style方式。根据“No.201 Main Street”可知，提问者在询问地址。故选A。 30．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—Sam was picked out to be in the school basketball team. —His height gives him a big ________. A．talent B．sense C．situation D．advantage 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——山姆被选中加入学校的篮球队。——他的身高给了他很大的优势。 考查名词辨析。talent才能；sense感觉；situation处境，情形；advantage优势。根据“Sam was picked out to be in the school basketball team.”可知加入篮球队身高有优势。故选D。 31．（24-25九年级上·江西南昌·阶段练习）—Could you tell me the ________ to such good handwriting? —Well, just keep practicing. A．ability B．expression C．brain D．secret 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这么好书法的秘诀吗？——好的，仅仅是坚持练习。 考查名词辨析。ability能力；expression表达；brain头脑；secret秘诀。根据“just keep practicing”可知，设空处询问书法写得好的秘诀。故选D。 32．（24-25九年级上·江西九江·阶段练习）Jenny is really excellent and she has a wide ________ of Chinese history and culture. A．business B．brain C．crowd D．knowledge 【答案】D 【详解】句意：珍妮真的很优秀，她对中国历史和文化有广泛的了解。 考查名词辨析。business生意；brain大脑；crowd人群；knowledge知识。根据“Jenny is really excellent and she has a wide...of Chinese history and culture.”可知，此处表示对中国历史和文化有广泛的了解，“knowledge”符合语境，a wide knowledge of表示“对……有广泛的了解”。故选D。 33．（24-25九年级上·安徽安庆·阶段练习）Jenny is really excellent and she has a wide of Chinese history and culture. A．happiness B．brain C．present D．knowledge 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Jenny真的很优秀，她对中国历史和文化有着广泛的了解。 考查名词词义辨析。happiness幸福；brain大脑；present礼物；knowledge知识，了解。根据“she has a wide of...Chinese history and culture.”可知，是对中国历史和文化有广泛的了解。故选D。 34．（24-25九年级上·安徽合肥·期中）—What should I do in my job? —You need to listen to the needs of the ________ and help them choose what they want. A．passengers B．customers C．pioneers D．soldiers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我在工作中应该做些什么？——你需要倾听顾客的需求，帮助他们选择他们想要的。 考查名词辨析。passengers乘客；customers顾客；pioneers先锋；soldiers士兵。根据“and help them choose what they want.”可知，此处在描述一种销售或服务场景，顾客通常是需要被倾听需求并帮助选择所需物品的对象。故选B。 35．（24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）From April to August 2024, Sun Yingsha achieved great results and had a huge ________ on Chinese table tennis. A．direction B．decision C．influence D．introduction 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2024年4月至8月，孙颖莎取得了巨大成绩，对中国乒乓球运动产生了巨大影响。 考查名词辨析。direction方向；decision决定；influence影响； introduction介绍。根据“Sun Yingsha achieved great results and had a huge...on Chinese table tennis.”可知孙颖莎取得了巨大成绩，对中国乒乓球运动产生了巨大影响。故选C。 36．（24-25九年级上·江西宜春·阶段练习）Every time I see our national flag rising, I have a ________ of pride from the bottom of my heart. A．love B．peace C．value D．sense 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我每次看到国旗升起的时候，我从心底都有一种自豪感。 考查名词辨析。love热爱；peace和平；value价值；sense感觉。根据“Every time I see our national flag rising”及“pride”可知，国旗升起的时候，心底会有一种自豪的感觉。故选D。 37．（24-25九年级上·安徽六安·阶段练习）—The weather is very cool now. What do you plan to do this Saturday? —I’ll go for a ________ with my parents by the Chaohu Lake. I’ve bought lots of fruit and snacks. A．walk B．picnic C．concert D．journey 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——现在天气很凉爽。这个星期六你打算做什么？——我要和父母去巢湖野餐。我买了很多水果和零食。 考查名词辨析。walk散步；picnic野餐；concert音乐会；journey旅行。根据“I’ve bought lots of fruit and snacks.”可知，是去野餐。故选B。 38．（24-25九年级上·甘肃平凉·阶段练习）Your spoken English is very good. What’s your ________? A．spirit B．secret C．sentence D．situation 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你的英语口语很好。你的秘诀是什么？ 考查名词辨析。spirit精神；secret秘诀；sentence句子；situation情况。根据“Your spoken English is very good. What’s your”可知，此处是在询问对方在口语方面的秘诀。故选B。 39．（24-25九年级上·江西南昌·阶段练习）To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as his second ________. A．sentence B．tradition C．course D．ability 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克决定将中国民间音乐作为他的第二课程。 考查名词辨析。sentence句子；tradition传统；course课程；ability能力。空格处需要填入词表示Jack决定将中国民间音乐作为他的第二什么，根据“To learn more about Chinese culture”可知，为了更多地了解中国文化，course“课程”符合语境。故选C。 40．（24-25九年级上·安徽蚌埠·阶段练习）His ________ for getting to the office were clear. I found it like a piece of cake. A．directions B．promises C．research D．spirits 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他关于如何到达办公室的指引很清晰，让我觉得像小菜一碟。 考查名词辨析。directions方向，指引；promises承诺；research研究；spirits态度，经历。根据“for getting to the office were clear”可知，此处应是指关于如何到达办公室的指引、指路很清晰，故选A。 C 代词、名词的词性转化 1．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）I’m sorry to hear the (die) of my favourite writer this morning. 【答案】death 【详解】句意：今天早上听到我最喜欢的作家去世的消息，我很难过。根据“the ... of”可知，需填入名词，die的名词death意为“死亡”，符合语境。故填death。 2．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）As a soldier, you have to obey (order). 【答案】orders 【详解】句意：作为一名士兵，你必须服从命令。order在句中意为“命令”，是泛指的命令，用复数。故填orders。 3．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）He was very angry with the broken package, so she made a to the manager. (complain) 【答案】complaint 【详解】句意：他对破损的包裹非常生气，所以她向经理投诉。根据“made a”可知，此处填名词，complain的名词形式为complaint“投诉”。故填complaint。 4．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）There are a lot of near his house.（bamboo） 【答案】bamboos 【详解】句意：在他家附近有很多竹子。根据“There are”可知此处缺少名词复数，bamboo“竹子”，复数为bamboos，故填bamboos。 5．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）The excited were waiting for the bell for the New Year in the centre of the square. (city) 【答案】citizens 【详解】句意：激动的市民们正在广场中央等待新年的钟声。根据“The excited…were waiting for the bell for the New Year in the centre of the square.”可知，是指市民们正在广场中央等待新年的钟声。根据“were”，主语应是复数。citizens“市民”符合语境，故填citizens。 6．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）After years’ practice, the boy became a very famous (art). 【答案】artist 【详解】句意：经过多年的实践，这个男孩成为了一名著名的艺术家。根据前面的“famous”和句意可知，此处需要一个表示人的名词，artist意为“艺术家”；且前面有a修饰，用单数形式。故填artist。 7．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）In 50 years, perhaps there will be no more cormorant in the world. (fish) 【答案】fishermen 【详解】句意：50年后，也许世界上不会再有鸬鹚渔民了。根据“perhaps there will be no more cormorant”和所给词可知，此处指鸬鹚渔民，fisherman“渔民”，此处用名词复数表泛指。故填fishermen。 8．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）What’s the of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower? (high) 【答案】height 【详解】句意：东方明珠电视塔的高度是多少？根据“the...of ”可知，空处需填入名词；high的名词形式为height“高度”。故填height。 9．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）Owls and snakes are natural of rats and mice. (enemy) 【答案】enemies 【详解】句意：猫头鹰和蛇是老鼠的天敌。根据“Owls and snakes are”可知，需填写名词“enemy”的复数形式“enemies”。故填enemies。 10．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）The students were regrouped according to and weight. (high) 【答案】height 【详解】句意：学生们根据身高和体重重新分组。根据“...and weight”可知，此处应用名词形式，形容词high的名词为height，意为“高度”，故填height。 11．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）When all the heard their football team lost the final match, they were very sad. (city) 【答案】citizens 【详解】句意：当所有的市民听说他们的足球队输掉了决赛时，他们都非常难过。根据“they were very sad”可知，这里指所有的市民，citizen意为“市民”，此处应用复数形式，故填citizens。 12．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·阶段练习）The company conducted some ________ to understand customer needs. (survey) 【答案】surveys 【详解】句意：公司进行了一些调查来了解顾客的需求。根据“The company conducted some ... to understand customer needs.”和分析句子成分可知，横线处作宾语；提示词“survey”意为“调查”，名词 ；由“some”修饰时，用复数形式。故填surveys。 13．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）The light went out, and the room was plunged (陷入) into . (dark) 【答案】darkness 【详解】句意：灯灭了，房间陷入一片黑暗。根据“the room was plunged (陷入) into”可知，此处应该用名词作宾语，dark“黑暗的”，形容词，其名词为darkness“黑暗”。故填darkness。 14．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）After living in Paris for years, she eventually became a French . (city) 【答案】citizen 【详解】句意：在巴黎住了几年后，她最终成为了法国公民。根据“she eventually became a French…”以及所给单词可知，她最终成为了法国公民，citizen意为“公民”，空前a修饰可数名词单数。故填citizen。 15．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）The headmaster showed six around our school. (Germany) 【答案】Germans 【详解】句意：校长带六个德国人参观了我们的学校。根据“The headmaster showed six…around our school”以及所给单词可知，此处指的是“德国人”，German意为“德国人”，six后跟可数名词复数形式。故填Germans。 16．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Did you see the of Mary’s hair? It almost reaches her knee. (long) 【答案】length 【详解】句意：你看见了玛丽头发的长度吗？几乎达到了她的膝盖。空处作see的宾语用名词形式，long对应的名词是length“长度”，故填length。 17．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Brush your three times a day. It’s good for your health. (tooth) 【答案】teeth 【详解】句意：一天刷三次牙。这对你的健康有好处。brush one’s teeth“刷牙”，固定短语，且牙齿不止一颗，所以用其名词复数形式。故填teeth。 18．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Who took the to go ahead with the project? (decide) 【答案】decision 【详解】句意：谁决定继续进行这个项目？decide“决定”，动词；谓语动词took后接名词decision“决定”作宾语；根据“to go ahead with the project”可知，此处单指这一个决定，应用单数形式。故填decision。 19．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Experience is a wealth of knowledge and a symbol of . (wise) 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意：经验是知识的财富，是智慧的象征。由“Experience is a wealth of knowledge and a symbol of…”可知，此处应用名词形式，wisdom是其名词形式。故填wisdom。 20．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Tim refused Jacky’s because they had an argument yesterday. (invite) 【答案】invitation 【详解】句意：蒂姆拒绝了杰克的邀请，因为他们昨天吵架了。根据“Jacky’s”可知，Jacky’s是名词所有格形式，意为“……的”，其后应接名词，因此空处应填提示单词invite的名词形式invitation“邀请”。故填invitation。 21．（2024·上海静安·二模）The mother held her baby with . (careful) 【答案】carefulness 【详解】句意：母亲小心翼翼地抱着婴儿。空格前为介词“with”，空格处应填名词，形容词careful的名词形式为carefulness，意为“慎重”，符合句意，故填carefulness。 22．（2024·上海静安·二模）Here is a charity for the poor kids in the mountain area. (sell) 【答案】sale 【详解】句意：这是一个为山区贫困儿童举办的慈善义卖活动。a后加可数名词单数，charity sale “慈善义卖”。故填sale。 23．（2024·上海崇明·二模）A friend of loved animals and he got to work at an animal shelter. (me) 【答案】mine 【详解】句意：我的一个朋友喜欢动物，他在一个动物收容所工作。根据“A friend of…”可知，此处为双重所有格，应用人称代词me的名词性物主代词mine“我的”。故填mine。 24．（2024·上海青浦·二模）All of the around Shanghai are not allowed to release harmful smoke. (factory) 【答案】factories 【详解】句意：上海周围所有的工厂都不允许排放有害烟雾。根据“All of the”和“are”可知，此处应用可数名词factory“工厂”的复数形式。故填factories。 25．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The Halloween Festival marked the end of summer and the of winter. (begin) 【答案】beginning 【详解】句意：万圣节标志着夏天的结束和冬天的开始。begin“开始”，动词；the beginning of“……的开始”，beginning为名词。故填beginning。 26．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The problems are getting more serious with the development of industry. (pollute) 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：随着工业的发展，污染问题变得越来越严重。提示词“pollute污染”是一个动词，这里要填对应的名词“pollution污染”，是不可数名词，修饰后面的名词“problems问题”。故填pollution。 27．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The boy was unable to hide his when he saw the result of the test. (disappoint) 【答案】disappointment 【详解】句意：当那个男孩看到测试结果时，他无法掩饰自己的失望。形容词性物主代词his后接名词disappointment“失望”，不可数，故填disappointment。 28．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The in the house seem to know every hidden corner and secret passage.(mouse) 【答案】mice 【详解】句意：房子里的老鼠似乎知道每一个隐蔽的角落和秘密通道。结合“seem”是动词原形，是一般现在时，对应的主语应该是复数形式，mouse“老鼠”对应的复数形式是mice。故填mice。 29．（2024·上海松江·二模）Children always complain that they don’t have much to do what they like. (free) 【答案】freedom 【详解】句意：孩子们总是抱怨他们没有太多的自由去做他们喜欢做的事。根据空前much可知，此处应用形容词free“自由的”的名词形式freedom“自由”作宾语，且为不可数名词。故填freedom。 30．（2024·上海金山·二模）Shortly afterwards, we received a handwritten party from him. (invite) 【答案】invitation 【详解】句意：不久之后，我们收到了他手写的聚会邀请。a修饰可数名词单数，invitation“邀请”符合语境，故填invitation。 31．（2024·上海松江·二模）Ashley, a friend of , will go abroad with his family this summer holiday. (I) 【答案】mine 【详解】句意：Ashley，我的一个朋友，今年暑假将和他的家人出国。根据所给单词和“Ashley, a friend of...”可知，此处指“我的一个朋友”，应用双重所有格，即“of+名词性物主代词”，I的名词性物主代词是mine“我的”。故填mine。 32．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Does Lily have enough in her shop to show the dishes she’s collected? (shelf） 【答案】shelves 【详解】句意：莉莉的店里有足够的架子来展示她收集的盘子吗？shelf“架子”，可数名词，此处应填复数形式表示类别，故填shelves。 33．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The search for is a lifelong journey filled with chances and challenges. (true) 【答案】truth 【详解】句意：寻求真理是一个充满机遇和挑战的终生旅程。该句中“The search for…”为主语，空处应填名词来表示“search”的对象。故填truth。 34．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Can you find one more between the two pictures here, Molly? (different) 【答案】difference 【详解】句意：莫莉，你能再找出这两幅画的不同之处吗？one more修饰可数名词单数，故填difference。 35．（2024·上海普陀·二模）We have read a story about two brave police . (chief) 【答案】chiefs 【详解】句意：我们读过一个关于两位勇敢的警察局长的故事。two后加可数名词单数chiefs“长官”。故填chiefs。 36．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）In the group , all the club members agreed to the new rules. (discuss) 【答案】discussion 【详解】句意：在小组讨论中，所有的俱乐部成员都同意新规则。根据空前“In the”可知，空格处应填名词，discussion表示“讨论”，且此处特指小组讨论，所有用单数名词。故填discussion。 37．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Starting from the practical will help you begin to move towards . (succeed). 【答案】success 【详解】句意：从实际的目标出发将有助于你开始走向成功。succeed“成功”，动词，空前是介词toward，表示走向成功介词后用动名词，succeed的名词success。故填success。 38．（2024·上海普陀·二模）She answered all my questions with her usual . (honest) 【答案】honesty 【详解】句意：她以一贯的诚实回答了我所有的问题。形容词usual后加名词honesty“诚实”，不可数名词。故填honesty。 39．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）It’s important for parents and school to teach children about road (safe). 【答案】safety 【详解】句意：对父母和学校来说，教育孩子道路安全是很重要的。根据空前“teach children about”可知，空格处应填一个名词，结合空前“road”可知，此处是指道路安全，safety表示“安全”，为不可数名词。故填safety。 40．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）The AI model can produce different based on instructions. (video) 【答案】videos 【详解】句意：这个AI模型可以根据指令制作不同的视频。video“视频”，名词。此处表示泛指，所以空格处应填video的复数形式videos。故填videos。 41．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Some medicine, like certain antibiotics (抗生素), may harm our . (hear) 【答案】hearing 【详解】句意：一些药物，像某些抗生素，可能会损害我们的听力。our我们的，形容词性物主代词后用名词，hear听见，动词，其名词形式是hearing，听力，听觉，不可数名词。故填hearing。 42．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）The uniforms are not . Perhaps they belong to the students over there. (we) 【答案】ours 【详解】句意：这些制服不是我们的。也许它们属于那边的学生。根据“The uniforms are not”可知，空后无名词，应该用名词性物主代词作表语，we“我们”，主格，其名词性物主代词为ours“我们的”。故填ours。 43．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Our garden is quite different from , especially the kinds of flowers inside. (they) 【答案】theirs 【详解】句意：我们的花园和他们的很不一样，尤其是里面花的种类。由“Our garden is quite different from…”可知，此处指我们的花园和他们的花园不同，应用名词性物主代词代替他们的花园。故填theirs。 44．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Kids, you should learn to look after when we’re not at home. (your) 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：孩子们，当我们不在家时，你们应该学会照顾你们自己。look after oneself“照顾自己”，your对应的反身代词是yourself和yourselves，由“kids”可知此处用复数形式，故填yourselves。 45．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Jessica suggested that Tommy should have a taste of the soup .(he) 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：杰西卡建议汤米自己尝尝汤。结合从句的主语“Tommy”和提示词“he他”是同一个人，可知这里要填he的反身代词himself。故填himself。 46．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The ancient tree lost all leaves after the heavy and fierce storm swept through. (it) 【答案】its 【详解】句意：在猛烈的暴风雨过后，这棵古树掉光了所有的叶子。根据“The ancient tree lost all...leaves”可知是“古树的叶子都掉了”，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。 47．（2024·上海金山·二模）The girl looked at the dragon lantern carefully and tried to make one by . (her) 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：女孩仔细地看着龙灯，试着自己做了一个。by oneself“独自地”，固定短语，her的反身代词是herself，故填herself。 48．（2024·上海普陀·二模）I am going to start a business next year and run it by . (me) 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：我打算明年创办一家公司，自己经营。by myself“我独自地”，故填myself。 49．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Thanks to online courses, we can teach at home at any time. (we). 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：多亏了网络课程，我们可以随时在家自学。根据所给单词可知，空处应为反身代词，表达自学，we的反身代词为ourselves。故填ourselves。 50．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）I shared my calculator with Jim in the maths lesson as he had left at home. (he) 【答案】his 【详解】句意：我在数学课上和吉姆共用我的计算器，因为他把计算器忘在家里了。根据语境可知，此处指“他的计算器”，空后无名词，此处用名词性物主代词his。故填his。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$