Unit3 Topic3同步练习-2024-2025学年仁爱科普版八年级英语上册

Unit3 Topic3 词的构成及形式 1. radio--radios zoo--zoos photo--photos kilo--kilos piano--pianos *potato--potatoes *tomato--tomatoes 2. pleasant--unpleasant happy--unhappy lucky--unlucky safe--______________ like-- usual--_____________ 3. use--useful help--_________________ beauty--___________ care--_______________ 4. close--closed open--open 5. happy--happily easy--_______________ sad--sadly busy--______________ quiet--_______________ quick--_______________ 6. dish--dishes factory--factories 过去进行时语法讲解 　(一）定义 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻或某段时间正在进行或持续进行的动作或状态。 （二）结构 was/were +doing (现在分词） （三）用法 　1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：　　       　　　　What was he researching all day last Sunday? 　　　　上周日他一整天都在研究什么？　 　　　　It was raining when they left the station. 　　　　他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 　　2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如： 　　　　What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 　　　　昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点) 　　　　When I saw him he was decorating his room. 　　　　当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点) 　　3.  在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。 　　　　While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 　　　　他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的) 　　　　He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 　　　　他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行) 　过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作,但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作｡ 　1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。 　　She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。 (信写完了) 　　She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。 (信不一定写完) 　　2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。 　　She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。 　　3、句中有a moment ago,yesterday,last year,last month之类的短语一般用一般过去时。 　　4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作： I was talking to Tom the other day． 那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。 填空 1. ________ they_________ (feed) the animals at 5:00 yesterday afternoon? 2. Mrs.Green _________ ________ (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday. 3. Grandpa _______ _________ (mend) his clock when I reached home. 4. While I _______ __________ (walk) in the park, I saw some children playing games. 句型转换。 She was playing the guitar at this time yesterday.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) —_______ she ________ ________ ________ at this time yesterday? —_________, she __________. He is reading now. (改写句子) He ________ __________ all day yesterday. Jane washed clothes last night.(改为过去进行时) Jane ________ _________ _________ last night. Kangkang was doing his homework at that time. (改为否定句) Kangkang _________ _________ _________ _________ at that time. They were cleaning the room. (对划线部分提问) ________ were they __________ ? I often take a bath in the evening. (同义句转换) I often ________ ________ _________ in the evening. 选择题。 （ ）1. — Did you see a girl in red pass by just now? — No, sir. I ________ a newspaper. A. read B. am reading C. would read D. was reading ( ) 2. I _______ a shower at this time last night. A. am taking B. was taking C. took D. will take ( ) 3. —Hello! May I speak to Kangkang? —_________, please. I’ll put you through to him. A. No, thanks B. Sorry C. Hold the line D. OK ( ) 4. What were you doing _________ yesterday? A. at this time B. all the time C. at last D. at once ( ) 5. Yesterday he called me _______ shopping but I didn’t stay in. A. going B. to go C. went D. Goes （ ）6. — Hi, Jim! I will be on a visit to Beijing. — Oh, that must be a ________ trip. A. pleased B. pleasure C. pleasant D. please ( ) 7. I agree ________ my mother _______ most things. A. on; about B. with; about C. on; with D. with; at ( ) 8. I did badly in this Maths exam so my parents was very angry_____ me. A. on B. about C. at D. with ( ) 9. The rich men made the workers _______ for twelve hours every day. A. to work B. work C. working D. worked ( ) 10. —Jim! Please don’t be late again. — _______. A. Sorry. I won’t B. OK, I will C. Sorry, I will. D. That’s nothing. 以下是上述内容的答案及解析： **词的构成及形式** 1. 这些是名词复数的规则变化，以“o”结尾的名词，有生命的加“es”，无生命的加“s”。 2. 在形容词前加“un”构成反义词：“safe - unsafe”；“usual - unusual” 3. 名词或形容词通过加后缀变成形容词：“use - useful”；“help - helpful”；“beauty - beautiful”；“care - careful” 4. 这是动词的过去分词形式，“close - closed”，“open”的过去分词还是“open” 5. 形容词变副词，一般是在形容词后加“ly”：“easy - easily”；“sad - sadly”；“busy - busily”；“quiet - quietly”；“quick - quickly” **过去进行时语法讲解** **填空** 1. Were; feeding 解析：“at 5:00 yesterday afternoon”是过去的具体时间点，用过去进行时，主语是“they”，所以用“Were; feeding”。 2. wasn't washing 解析：“at this time yesterday”是过去进行时的时间状语，主语“Mrs. Green”是第三人称单数，否定形式用“wasn't washing”。 3. was mending 解析：“when I reached home”是过去的时间点，主句用过去进行时，“Grandpa”是第三人称单数，用“was mending”。 4. was walking 解析：“While”引导的时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时。 **句型转换** 1. Was; playing the guitar; Yes; was 解析：过去进行时的一般疑问句将“was/were”提前，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语 + was/were.” 2. was reading 解析：“now”对应的过去进行时的时间状语是“all day yesterday”，所以用“was reading”。 3. was washing clothes 解析：过去进行时的结构是“was/were + doing”，“washed”的进行时是“was washing”。 4. wasn't doing his homework 解析：过去进行时的否定在“was/were”后加“not”。 5. What; doing 解析：对“cleaning the room”提问，用“What...doing”。 6. take a shower 解析：“take a bath” = “take a shower”，都是洗澡的意思。 **选择题** 1. D 解析：“at that moment”过去的时刻，用过去进行时，“I”用“was reading”。 2. B 解析：“at this time last night”过去进行时的时间状语，用“was taking”。 3. C 解析：“Hold the line”表示请稍等，符合电话用语。 4. A 解析：“at this time yesterday”昨天这个时候，用过去进行时。 5. B 解析：“call sb. to do sth.”叫某人做某事。 6. C 解析：“pleasant”令人愉快的，修饰“trip”。 7. B 解析：“agree with sb. about sth.”在某事上同意某人。 8. D 解析：“be angry with sb.”生某人的气。 9. B 解析：“make sb. do sth.”让某人做某事。 10. A 解析：“Sorry. I won't.”表示抱歉，我不会了。 1 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$