Unit 3 Fit for Life Reading语言点课件 -2024-2025学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

B5U3 Reading The future is in our genes Language points Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you all for coming to this lecture. Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game-changing as genome editing. I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring and I hope to share my excitement with you today. that 译文：女士们，先生们，下午好！谢谢大家来听这个讲座。 在我的职业生涯中，我见证了许多了不起的科学发展，但 没有一个能像基因组编辑那样具有颠覆性。我对这一科学进 步能带来的可能性感到万分激动，我希望今天能与你们 分享我激动的心情。 职业生涯 as…as…结构 定语从句 Race walking does not pound the body as much as running does. As many of you may already know, genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Everything from the color of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes. The complete set of genes inside a cell or a living being is called a genome. Our own personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases. Some people, for example, carry a gene that makes them more likely to catch a certain virus or develop a particular form of cancer. 起至关重要作用 译文：你们可能已经知道，基因在塑造我们的人生方面起着至关重要作用。从眼睛的颜色到我们的数学天赋，一切都取决于基因。基因组是指一个细胞或生物体内的一整套基因。我们的个人基因组携带着我们成长和发展所需的所有信息。它（基因组）还包含其他信息，这些信息有助于决定我们寿命的长短并影响我们患某些疾病的概率。例如，有些人携带着一种让他们更有可能感染某种病毒或患上某种癌症的基因。 后置定语 affect vt. 短语 变形 affect sb./ sth. be affected by…受……影响 affection n. 喜爱；感情；影响 have a great affection for… 非常喜欢… gain/win sb’s affections 得到某人的爱 effect n. effective adj. （2020 江苏）Athletes ad scientists have long known that meal timing _______(affect) performance. affects Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention. It allows geneticists to make changes to the genome by correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material. In the near future, geneticists hope to apply this technology to treat a wide range of health problems. Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing. Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on. Genome editing, serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases, will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care. 因为 She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters. We seek to improve relations between our two countries. She made a resolution to visit her relatives more often. Economic reform has brought relative wealth to peasant farmars. (v. 描述） (n. 关系） (n. 亲戚） (adj. 相 对的） 运用 eventually/ finally feel/think/believe/find/consider + it +adj./n. to do sth. 早期 基本的；十分重要的 后置定语 方式 identify vt. 短语 变形 identify…as…认出……是… identify with…认同……; 与……有同感/产 生共鸣 identify…by…根据/凭借……辨认出…… identification n. 鉴定；身份证明 identification card身份证 identity n. 同一性；一致 identical adj. 完全同样的 be identical to…… 和……一样的 be identical in 在…… 方面一样 means n. 短语 变形 by all means 尽一切办法 by means of 借助……手段 by no means/ not by any means 决不 by this means 用这种方法 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 单复同形 译文：遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。基因组编辑允许遗传学家对基因组进行修改、纠正、增加、删除或替换遗传物质的特定部分。在不久的将来，遗传学家希望将这项技术应用于治疗各种各样的健康问题中。也许我们很快就能利用这些方法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。最终，这项新技术甚至可能异常基因来预防患病。基因组编辑作为对抗疾病的新武器，将给我们的医疗保健手段带来重大变革。 As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately. Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases? Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies? One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flus, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster, to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent. We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born, creating what some have called “designer babies”. However, is this a good thing? What consequences might it have? Philosophers, geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues. We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running wild. This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage. Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control. 迅猛地 arise-arose-arisen arise from…（由……）引起 resist doing sth. 结果状语 努力解决、全力对付 解决 落实到位 identify vt. 短语 变形 restrict sb./oneself to… 限制/约束/管束自己 restricted adj. （大小或数量）有限制的， 受限制的 be restricted to 限于 restriction n. 限制 prohibit (one’s ) doing sth. 使（某人）不能做某事 prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事 Prohibition n. 禁止做某事 discourage ban prevent forbid keep stop sb. from doing sth. Without虚拟语气 Without electricity, human life would be quite different. Without your advice, I would have failed. Without sth. 主语+ would/ could/ might/ should + do sth. have done sth. There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing. Despite the public argument over this technology, its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. Thank you for listening. 译文：在基因组编辑这个题上还有很多有待探索和讨论的问题。尽管公众对这项技术争论不一，但是可能性已经使医学界内外的人们感到非常兴奋。毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的创新之一。谢谢大家的聆听。 $$