精品解析：山东省蒙阴第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟英语试题

2023级高二上学期“赢战期中”模拟考试(二) 英语试题 本试卷共12页，满分为150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who is the woman in a red dress? A. Jessica. B. Holly. C. Maria. 2. Where is the shopping mall? A. In the first building. B. Opposite the library. C. On the right side of the block. 3. Why does the man call 911? A. A truck caught fire. B. A crash happened. C. Somebody got hurt. 4. What will the woman do next week? A. Take a math exam. B. Take a geography test. C. Prepare for a math exam. 5. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Windy. B. Fine. C. Bad. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What’s the woman? A. A gardener. B. A reporter. C. A teacher. 7. What does the man say about trees? A. They provide us with rain. B. They supply us with plants. C. They affect our survival. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What outdoor activity does the man like best? A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Playing basketball. 9. When does the man usually jog? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 10. How does the man feel after activities? A. Tired. B. Relaxed. C. Worried. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How many festivals are mentioned in the conversation? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. 12. What do people usually do to prepare for New Year’s Day? A. Visit friends or relatives. B. Go to the movies. C. Decorate their houses. 13. What do people believe New Year’s Day will bring? A. Good fortune. B. Bad luck. C. A magic change. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did the woman become interested in the machine? A. In college. B. At an early age. C. During repair work. 15. What’s the function of the machine kept at home? A Producing electricity. B. Helping with the farm work. C. Making food for people. 16. What did the woman do when facing difficulty? A. She never gave up. B. She changed her plan. C. She turned to others for help. 17. What’s the woman’s dream for the future? A. Focusing on shooting videos only. B. Creating a better stage for herself. C. Helping the villagers with her skills. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What questions should you ask yourself to stop useless spending? A. Where is my money going? B. Who shall I spend money on? C. How much do I want to spend? 19. How could you feel if you spend money on what you really value? A. Shameful. B. Doubtful. C. Unworried. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. How to save money. B. How to reduce anxiety. C. How to spend money wisely. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A 2023 Hot List: The Best New Restaurants in the World Place des Fetes — New York City This famous wine bar provides a spot with a rare sweet and warm atmosphere. For date night, go to the bar with views of the open kitchen, or fill up the large table in the back with a group and taste the entire item menu. Either way, do not miss the famous mushroom soup. Le Doyenne — Saint — Vrain, France Australian chefs James Henry and Shaun Kelly transformed the former stables (马厩) of a 19th-century private estate into a working farm, restaurant, and guesthouse driven by the principles of regenerative agriculture. More than one hundred varieties of fruits, vegetables, and herbs make their way into Henry’s cooking after being carefully nurtured by Kelly. Mi Compa Chava — Mexico City Almost everyone eating here is devoted to fixing last night’s damage from drunkenness and getting a head start on creating today’s. On the sidewalk, crowds of locals and tourists alike line up for fisherman Salvador Orozco’s creative takes on Sinaloa and Baja seafood. Anything from the raw half of the menu is a sure bet, though cooked dishes like fish can help fill out a meal. Vilas — Bangkok Can a dish inspired by a Spanish recipe using Japanese ingredients (原料) still be considered Thai? For Chef Prin Polsuk, one of Bangkok’s most famous Thai chefs, it most certainly can. At his latest restaurant, a small dining room at the base of Bangkok’s hulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and landmark King Power Mahanakhon Tower, he draws inspiration from King Chulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and cooking techniques he added to the royal cookbooks. 1. What can you do in Place des Fetes — New York City ? A. Drink the red wine. B. Taste the mushroom soup. C. Watch the musicals. D. Enjoy the beautiful views. 2. Which restaurant best suits people who suffer from alcohol? A. Place des Fetes. B. Le Doyenne. C. Mi Compa Chava. D. Vilas. 3. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To introduce the features of some restaurants. B. To compare the origins of some restaurants. C To state the similarities of some restaurants. D. To recommend some foods of some restaurants. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几家热门新餐厅的特色。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Place des Fetes—New York City标题下最后一句“Either way, do not miss the famous mushroom soup.(不管怎样，千万不要错过著名的蘑菇汤。)”可知，在纽约市节日广场可以品尝蘑菇汤。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mi Compa Chava  —Mexico City标题下第一句“Almost everyone eating here is devoted to fixing last night’s damage from drunkenness and getting a head start on creating today’s.(几乎每个在这里吃饭的人都致力于修复昨晚醉酒造成的损害，并为今天的创造做准备。)”可知，Mi Compa Chava最适合酗酒的人。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据标题“2023 Hot List: The Best New Restaurants in the World (2023热门榜单：世界上最好的新餐厅)”可知，这篇文章是为了介绍几家热门新餐厅的特色。故选A。 B The 36-year-old Jia Juntingxian was born in Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, and was blind in both eyes due to congenital eye disease. She has shown athletic talent since childhood and was selected as a track and field athlete by Jiangxi Disabled Persons’ Federation. Although she can’t see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles again and again while running, letting the world see her. In her sports career, Jia has won 43 national and world-class sports medals. Among them, in 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium (领奖台) of the women’s T11-T13 4×100-meter relay event at the Rio Paralympics. In 2017, Jia retired and chose to become a teacher at a special education school. Just a year ago, she found out that two young brothers, with visual impairments (视觉障碍), wanted to be an athlete. They had never attended a special education school and never achieved their athletic dream. Jia could only help them attend a local special education school. The experience made her realize that these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education. Even she didn’t know about such schools until late into her education. Therefore, she decided to become more involved with special education. Changing from a Paralympic competitor to a special education teacher, Jia said that there is no discomfort, “Because I understand the students as well as myself and know the inconveniences and difficulties of the children. I hope that every child is like a different seed.Through hard study, they can bravely realize their own life.” Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people. In 2021, Jia proposed the construction of audible (听得见的) traffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has resulted in more indoor public places allowing the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs. Jia and her husband founded a massage (按摩) shop and currently employ 16 visually impaired people, with an average monthly salary of 3,500 yuan per person. Jia always believes that the world is a circle, as long as the love of others is constantly passed on, the whole society will be full of love! 4. What can we learn about Jia from the passage? A. She won 43 sports medals in her country. B. She was strong-minded despite her disability. C. She was good at sports at the age of 5 years old. D. She never won national and world-class sports medals. 5. What made Jia decide to occupy herself in special education? A. The high salary of special education. B. Her wish to enrich her life after sports. C. Local government’s need for special education. D. Her experience of helping two disabled brothers. 6. Which of the following best describes Jia’s job on special education? A. Boring and dangerous. B. Patient and generous. C. Humorous and brave. D. Devoted and selfless. 7. What did Jia do to help the disabled? A. She constructed audible traffic signals. B. She set up a massage shop on her own. C. She advised increasing indoor public places. D. She provided employment opportunity for the blind. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了贾君婷从盲童到残奥冠军的故事，里约残奥会结束后，贾君婷走下赛场，站上讲台，成为江西省萍乡市特殊教育学校的一名教师，从事盲文、定向行走、形体矫正和盲人计算机等教学工作。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The 36-year-old Jia Juntingxian was born in Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, and was blind in both eyes due to congenital eye disease. She has shown athletic talent since childhood and was selected as a track and field athlete by Jiangxi Disabled Persons’ Federation.(36岁的贾君婷贤出生在江西省萍乡，由于先天性眼病，他双目失明。她从小就表现出运动天赋，曾被江西省残疾人联合会选为田径运动员)”以及文章第二段“Although she can’t see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles again and again while running, letting the world see her.(虽然看不见世界，但贾在奔跑中一次又一次突破“眼前”的障碍，让世界看到她)”可知，贾君婷是天生的盲人，但她通过自己坚强的意志，成为了一名优秀的田径运动员，获得了很多荣誉。由此可知，她虽然残疾，但意志坚强。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The experience made her realize that these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education.(这次经历让她意识到，这些生活在偏远地区的孩子可能对特殊教育知之甚少)”和“Therefore, she decided to become more involved with special education(因此，她决定更多地参与特殊教育)”可知，因为帮助残疾两兄弟的经历，贾君婷才意识到偏远地区特殊教育的需要，才决定致力于特殊教育。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The experience made her realize that these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education.(这次经历让她意识到，这些生活在偏远地区的孩子可能对特殊教育知之甚少)”及第五段“Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people. In 2021, Jia proposed the construction of audible (听得见的) traffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has resulted in more indoor public places allowing the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs. Jia and her husband founded a massage (按摩) shop and currently employ 16 visually impaired people, with an average monthly salary of 3, 500 yuan per person.(贾还非常关注残疾人的权益。2021年，他提出为盲人建造可听交通信号灯。她对地方当局关于狗管理的建议导致更多的室内公共场所允许残疾人带着他们的辅助犬进入。贾和她的丈夫开了一家按摩店，目前雇佣了16名视障人士，每人平均月薪3500元)”可推知，她是一个具有献身精神的和无私的人。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“Jia and her husband founded a massage (按摩) shop and currently employ 16 visually impaired people, with an average monthly salary of 3, 500 yuan per person.(贾和她的丈夫开了一家按摩店，目前雇佣了16名视障人士，每人平均月薪3500元)”可知，她和丈夫成立了按摩店并雇佣了16名盲人，为盲人提供就业机会。故选D。 C Coral reefs in Florida have lost an estimated 90% of their corals in the last 40 years. This summer, a marine heat wave hit Florida’s coral reefs. The record high temperatures created an extremely stressful environment for the coral reefs, which are currently also experiencing intense coral bleaching (白化). A coral is an animal, which has a symbiotic relationship with a microscopic algae (藻类). The algae gets energy from the sun and shares it with the coral internally. The coral builds a rock-like structure, which makes up most of the reef, providing homes and food for many organisms that live there. Coral bleaching is when the symbiotic relationship breaks down. Without the algae, the corals appear white because the rock skeleton becomes visible. If the bleaching continues for an extended period, the corals can starve to death without the energy. Florida is on the front lines of climate change. It is also on the cutting edge of restoration science. Many labs, institutions and other organizations are working nonstop to protect and maintain the coral reefs. This includes efforts to understand what is troubling the reef, from disease outbreaks to coastal development impacts. It also includes harvesting coral spawn (卵), or growing and planting coral parts. Scientists moved many coral nurseries into deeper water and shore-based facilities during this marine heat wave. They are digging into the DNA of the coral to discover which species will survive best in future. There are some bright spots in the story, however. Some corals have recovered from the bleaching, and many did not bleach at all. In addition, researchers recorded coral spawning. Although it’s not clear yet whether the larvae (幼虫) will be successful in the wild, it’s a sign of recovery potential. If the baby corals survive, they will be able to regrow the reef. They just have to avoid one big boss: human-induced climate change. 8. What does the underlined word “symbiotic” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Reliable. B. Opposite. C. Harmonious. D. Contradictory. 9. What caused the coral bleaching? A. The rock skeleton. B. The microscopic algae. C. The high temperatures. D. The symbiotic relationship. 10. Which is not the efforts scientists made to help coral reefs? A. Transferring coral nurseries. B. Growing and planting coral spawn. C. Researching the DNA of the coral. D. Figuring out the reasons for problems. 11. Which of the following best describes the impact of scientists’ efforts? A. Identifiable. B. Predictable. C. Far-reaching. D. Effective. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了弗罗里达州的珊瑚礁因受高温天气影响而出现白化现象以及专家们为保护珊瑚礁所采取的措施。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段中划线词所在句的下文“The algae gets energy from the sun and shares it with the coral internally. The coral builds a rock-like structure, which makes up most of the reef, providing homes and food for many organisms that live there. (藻类从太阳获得能量，并在内部与珊瑚分享。珊瑚形成了一个岩石状的结构，构成了大部分的珊瑚礁，为生活在那里的许多生物提供了家园和食物。)”可知，珊瑚分享藻类从太阳获得能量，珊瑚礁为生活在那里的许多生物提供了家园和食物；因此，藻类与珊瑚之间是相互依存的共生关系；由此可知，划线词所在句子意为“珊瑚是一种动物，它与一种微小的藻类有共生关系”，因此划线词symbiotic表达的意思是“共生的，相互依赖的”，与reliable表达的意思一致。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The record high temperatures created an extremely stressful environment for the coral reefs, which are currently also experiencing intense coral bleaching (白化).(创纪录的高温给珊瑚礁创造了一个极其紧张的环境，它们目前也在经历严重的珊瑚白化。)”可知，高温引起了珊瑚礁的白化现象。故选C。 【10题详解】 理解细节题。根据第三段中“Many labs, institutions and other organizations are working nonstop to protect and maintain the coral reefs. This includes efforts to understand what is troubling the reef, from disease outbreaks to coastal development impacts. It also includes harvesting coral spawn (卵), or growing and planting coral parts. Scientists moved many coral nurseries into deeper water and shore-based facilities during this marine heat wave. They are digging into the DNA of the coral to discover which species will survive best in future.(许多实验室、机构和其他组织都在不遗余力地保护和维护珊瑚礁。这包括努力了解是什么在困扰珊瑚礁，从疾病爆发到沿海发展的影响。它还包括收获珊瑚卵，或种植珊瑚枝节。在这次海洋热浪中，科学家们将许多珊瑚苗圃移到了更深的水域和海岸设施中。他们正在深入研究珊瑚的DNA，以发现哪些物种在未来存活得最好。)”可知，科学家们在不遗余力地保护和维护珊瑚礁，他们研究困扰珊瑚礁的因素、孵化珊瑚卵、种植珊瑚枝节、高温中把许多珊瑚苗圃移到了更深的水域和海岸设施中以及深入研究珊瑚的DNA以发现未来存活最好的物种；B选项“Growing and planting coral spawn.(种植珊瑚卵)”不是科学家所采取的保护措施。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There are some bright spots in the story, however. Some corals have recovered from the bleaching, and many did not bleach at all. (然而，这个故事也有一些亮点。一些珊瑚已经从白化中恢复过来，许多珊瑚根本没有白化)”可知,经过科学家的努力，一些珊瑚已经从白化中恢复过来，许多珊瑚根本没有白化；由此可知，科学家们的努力有了成效。故选D。 D Scientists at the UCL Institute for Neurology have developed new tools, based on AI language models, that can characterize subtle signatures in the speech of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (精神分裂症). The research, published in PNAS, aims to understand how the automated analysis of language could help doctors and scientists diagnose and assess psychiatric (病) conditions. Currently psychiatric diagnosis is based almost entirely on talking with patients and those close to them, with only a minimal role for tests such as blood tests and brain scans. However, this lack of precision prevents a richer understanding of the causes of mental illness and the monitoring of treatment. The researchers asked 26 participants with schizophrenia and 26 control participants to complete two verbal fluency tasks, where they were asked to name as many words as they could either belonging to the category “animals” or starting with the letter “p” in five minutes. To analyze the answers given by participants, the team used an AI language model to represent the meaning of words in a similar way to humans. They tested whether the words people naturally recalled could be predicted by the AI model, and whether this predictability was reduced in patients with schizophrenia. They found that the answers given by control participants were indeed more predictable by the AI model than those generated by people with schizophrenia, and that this difference was largest in patients with more severe symptoms. The researchers think that this difference might have to do with the way the brain learns relationships between memories and ideas, and stores this information in so called “cognitive maps”. The team now plan to use this technology in a larger sample of patients, across more diverse speech setting, to test whether it might prove useful in the clinic. Lead author, Dr. Matthew Nour, said: “There is enormous interest in using AI language models in medicine. If these tools prove safe, I expect they will begin to be used in the clinic within the next decade.” 12. What is the disadvantage of current psychiatric diagnosis? A. It is greatly related to blood tests. B. It mostly relies on talking with patients. C. It refers to the words of patients’ family. D. It can’t comprehend schizophrenia deeply. 13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The process of the research. B. The tasks of the participants. C The performance of researchers. D. The predictability of AI language models 14. What is Dr Matthew Nour’s attitude toward AI language models? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Negative. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI language new tools used in the clinic. B. AI language tools developed by scientists. C. AI language models treating schizophrenia. D. AI language models diagnosing schizophrenia. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了利用人工智能语言模式帮助诊断精神分裂症。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Currently, psychiatric diagnosis is based almost entirely on talking with patients and those close to them, with only a minimal role for tests such as blood tests and brain scans. However, this lack of precision prevents a richer understanding of the causes of mental illness and the monitoring of treatment (目前，精神病诊断几乎完全基于与患者及其亲近者的交谈，血液测试和脑部扫描等测试只起到很小的作用。然而，这种缺乏准确性的情况阻碍了对精神疾病原因和治疗监测的更深入了解)”可知，传统方式最大的弊端是无法深入地理解精神分裂症的原因。故选D。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The researchers asked 26 participants with schizophrenia and 26 control participants to complete two verbal fluency tasks, where they were asked to name as many words as they could either belonging to the category “animals” or starting with the letter “p” in five minutes. To analyze the answers given by participants, the team used an AI language model to represent the meaning of words in a similar way to humans. They tested whether the words people naturally recalled could be predicted by the AI model, and whether this predictability was reduced in patients with schizophrenia. (研究人员要求26名患有精神分裂症的参与者和26名对照参与者完成两项语言流利性任务，要求他们在五分钟内说出尽可能多的单词，要么属于“动物”类别，要么以字母“p”开头。为了分析参与者给出的答案，该团队使用人工智能语言模型以类似于人类的方式表示单词的含义。他们测试了人工智能模型是否可以预测人们自然回忆的单词，以及这种可预测性在精神分裂症患者中是否降低。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了科学家是如何执行这项实验的，即科学研究的过程。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Lead author, Dr. Matthew Nour, said: “There is enormous interest in using AI language models in medicine. If these tools prove safe, I expect they will begin to be used in the clinic within the next decade. (首席作者Matthew Nour博士说：“人们对在医学中使用人工智能语言模型非常感兴趣。如果这些工具被证明是安全的，我预计它们将在未来十年内开始在临床上使用”。)”可知，Dr Matthew Nour对这项人工智能语言模式持肯定和乐观的态度。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据主旨段第一段中“The research, published in PNAS, aims to understand how the automated analysis of language could help doctors and scientists diagnose and assess psychiatric(精神病的) conditions. (这项发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的研究旨在了解语言的自动分析如何帮助医生和科学家诊断和评估精神疾病。)”可知，本文主要讲了人工智能语言模式帮助诊断精神分裂症。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Protecting from above A deadly asteroid (小行星) heading toward the Earth is a common plot in sci-fi movies. ___16___ An increasing number of space agencies are now taking steps to defend against near-Earth asteroids (NEAs). ___17___ Wu Yanhua, deputy director of the China National Space Administration (CNSA), recently told CCTV News that China will start to build Earth and space-based monitoring and warning systems to detect NEAs. ___18___ In 2025 or 2026, China hopes to be able to closely observe approaching asteroids before impacting them to change their path toward our planet. Making an impact NASA also has its own program for developing technology to deflect (使转向) incoming asteroids. On Nov 23, 2021, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) was launched to slam into Dimorphos and change the speed at which it orbits its space neighbor, Didymos, an asteroid approximately 2, 560 feet in diameter (直径). ___19___ Global effort ___20___ It also re-launched its Planetary Defense Office in 2021, according to Electronics Weekly. Restarting the program, which seeks to communicate with space agencies around the world, is due to “the global character of the dangers we all face due to asteroids”, said ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher. A. Plan to protect. B. Taking prompt actions. C. But most people believe this is only an imagination. D. However this is also a risk we should be worried about in real life. E. They are aimed to classify incoming NEAs depending on the risks they pose. F. The European Space Agency (ESA) signed a deal to make a spacecraft for a joint mission with NASA. G. This will help prove out one viable (可行的) way to protect our planet from a dangerous asteroid. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了多个国家和组织采取措施来保护地球免受近地小行星的危害。 【16题详解】 根据下文“An increasing number of space agencies are now taking steps to defend against near—Earth asteroids (NEAs) (越来越多的太空机构正在采取措施防御近地小行星) ”，可知小行星可能在现实中也对地球造成威胁，与D项“However, this is also a risk we should be worried about in real life (然而，这也是我们在现实生活中应该担心的风险)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 【17题详解】 空格处是本段标题。根据下文“China will start to build Earth and space-based monitoring and warning systems to detect NEAs (中国将启动建设近地天体和天基监测预警系统，探测近地天体)”以及“China hopes to be able to closely observe approaching asteroids before impacting them to change their path toward our planet (中国希望能够近距离观察接近的小行星，然后撞击它们，改变它们朝向地球的路径)”可知本段主要陈述中国对于防御小行星的计划措施，与A项“Plan to protect (计划保护)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“China will start to build Earth and space—based monitoring and warning systems to detect NEAs(中国将开始建设基于地球和太空的监测和预警系统，以探测近地天体)”和后文“In 2025 or 2026, China hopes to be able to closely observe approaching asteroids before impacting them to change their path toward our planet.(在2025年或2026年，中国希望能够近距离观察接近的小行星，然后撞击它们，改变它们向我们的星球飞去的路径。)”，可知本句进一步陈述该监测预警系统的功能和目的，与E项“They are aimed to classify incoming NEAs depending on the risks they pose.( 它们的目的是根据其构成的风险对即将到来的NEA进行分类。)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“On Nov 23, 2021, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) was launched to slam into Dimorphos and change the speed at which it orbits its space neighbor, Didymos, an asteroid approximately 2, 560 feet in diameter (直径) ( 2021年11月23日，双小行星重定向测试启动，目的是撞击Dimorphos，并改变其围绕其太空邻居Didymos的速度，Didymos是一颗直径约2560英尺的小行星)”可推理出下文讲的是双小行星重定向测试的意义，与G项“This will help prove out one viable (可行的) way to protect our planet from a dangerous asteroid. (这将有助于证明保护我们的星球免受危险小行星袭击的一种可行方法。)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据本段标题“Global effort (全球努力)”以及下文“It also re-launched its Planetary Defense Office in 2021 (它还在2021年重新启动了其行星防御办公室)”可推理出空白处表达的是全球合作的一项内容，与F项“The European Space Agency (ESA) signed a deal to make a spacecraft for a joint mission with NASA. (欧洲航天局与美国国家航空航天局签署了一项协议，将制造一艘用于联合任务的航天器。)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Watching a plane fly across the sky as a young boy, Todd Smith knew that flying was what he wanted to do when he was older. After five years’ training, he finally ___21___ his dream job in his late twenties-working as an airline pilot. But in 2019, the travel firm he was ___22___ for was closed down. By this time Mr Smith had become increasingly ___23___ about the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation (航空) industry’s carbon emissions (碳排放). “I had an uncomfortable ___24___ ,” he says. “I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups, but I knew it would ruin my ___25___ , and I had a lot of ___26___ . It would be easier to return to the industry and pay them off.” Yet after hesitating for several months, Mr Smith finally ___27___ to quit his flying career for good. “I prefer flying and ___28___ interesting destinations, and earning a decent ___29___ ,” says Mr Smith. “But when we are ____30____ the climate and ecological emergency, how could I possibly ____31____ my needs? We need to think about how to ____32____ the biggest threat to humanity.” Giving up his dream job was a ____33____ decision, he says. “Financially I’ve been really ____34____ . It’s been challenging, but taking action has ____35____ my anxiety.” Mr Smith is now a climate activist. 21. A. quit B. changed C. completed D. landed 22. A. waiting B. preparing C. working D. looking 23. A. concerned B. curious C. serious D. doubtful 24. A. tension B. conflict C. solution D. passion 25. A. fame B. life C. ambition D. career 26. A. needs B. debts C. pressures D. troubles 27. A. refused B. promised C. expected D. decided 28. A. discovering B. comparing C. recording D. visiting 29. A. salary B. honor C. award D. title 30. A. accustomed to B. faced with C. addicted to D. trapped in 31. A. remove B. raise C. meet D. stress 32. A. issue B. view C. make D. handle 33. A. tough B. wise C. reasonable D. positive 34. A. saving B. struggling C. investing D. contributing 35. A. covered B. balanced C. eased D. increased 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Todd Smith如何放弃自己的飞行生涯成为了一名气候活动家。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过5年的训练，他终于在快30岁的时候得到了自己梦寐以求的工作——一名航空公司飞行员。A. quit放弃；B. changed改变；C. completed完成；D. landed成功得到，获得。根据上文“After five years’ training”和下文“his dream job ”可知，他终于在快30岁的时候找到了自己梦寐以求的工作。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在2019年，他工作的旅游公司倒闭了。A. waiting等待；B. preparing准备；C. working 工作；D. looking看。根据上文“working as an airline pilot”可知，他工作的旅游公司倒闭了。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此时，史密斯先生已经越来越关注日益增长的气候变化威胁，以及航空业的碳排放。A. concerned关注的，关心的；B. curious好奇的；C. serious严肃的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据下文“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups”可知，史密斯先生已经越来越关注日益增长的气候变化威胁。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说:“我有一种不舒服的矛盾。” A. tension紧张；B. conflict矛盾；C. solution解决措施；D. passion热情。根据下文“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups, but I knew it would ruin my ___5___”可知，史密斯有一种不舒服的矛盾。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很想加入环保抗议团体，但我知道这会毁了我的事业，而且我有很多债务。A. fame名誉；B. life生活；C. ambition雄心；D. career事业。根据下文“the industry ”和“quit his flying career for good.”可知，加入环保抗议团体意味着毁了自己的事业，所以史密斯辞职了。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很想加入环保抗议团体，但我知道这会毁了我的事业，而且我有很多债务。A. needs需求；B. debts债务；C. pressures压力；D. troubles麻烦。根据下文“pay them off ”可知，史密斯有很多债务。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在犹豫了几个月之后，史密斯先生最终决定永远放弃他的飞行生涯。A. refused拒绝；B. promised承诺；C. expected期望；D. decided决定。根据下文“quit his flying career for good”可知，史密斯先生最终决定永远放弃他的飞行生涯。且下文“Giving up his dream job was a 13  decision”也是提示。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯说:“我更喜欢坐飞机，去有趣的地方旅游，挣一份体面的薪水。”A. discovering发现；B. comparing对比；C. recording记录；D. visiting拜访，参观。根据下文“interesting destinations”可知，史密斯更喜欢去有趣的地方旅游参观。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯说:“我更喜欢坐飞机，去有趣的地方旅游，挣一份体面的薪水。” A. salary薪水；B. honor荣誉；C. award奖励；D. title头衔。根据上文“quit his flying career for good”可知，史密斯更喜欢坐飞机，去有趣的地方旅游，挣一份体面的薪水。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：“但当我们面对气候和生态紧急情况时，我怎么可能满足自己的需求。”A. accustomed to习惯于；B. faced with面对；C. addicted to沉迷于；D. trapped in被困于。根据下文“the climate and ecological emergency”可知，此处指面对气候和生态紧急情况。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但当我们面对气候和生态紧急情况时，我怎么可能满足自己的需求？”A. remove移除；B. raise筹集；C. meet遇见，满足； D. stress强调。根据“my needs”可知，此处指满足自己的需求。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们需要考虑如何应对人类面临的最大威胁。”A. issue问题；B. view观点；C. make制作；D. handle处理，应对。根据上文可知，作者放弃了自己的飞行员事业，目的是为环境保护做出贡献，以及下文“biggest threat to humanity”可知，我们需要考虑如何应对人类面临的最大威胁。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定。 A. tough困难的；B. wise聪明的；C. reasonable合情合理的；D. positive积极的。根据常识可知，放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在经济上一直很挣扎。A. saving节省；B. struggling挣扎；C. investing 投资；D. contributing贡献。根据上文史密斯有债务可知，史密斯在经济上一直很挣扎。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这很有挑战性，但采取行动减轻了我的焦虑。A. covered覆盖；B. balanced平衡；C. eased减轻；D. increased增加。根据“taking action”可知，采取行动减轻了史密斯的焦虑。故选C项。 第二节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xuan paper is known as the “Paper of Ages”. The term Xuan paper first appeared in On Famous Paintings through the Ages, a book written by Tang Dynasty (618-907) scholar Zhang Yanyuan, in ___36___ he described Xuan paper as ___37___ ideal carrier for calligraphy and painting. The traditional craft of making Xuan paper is ___38___ (extreme) demanding. Sandalwood bark(檀香皮), a plant native ___39___ southern China, goes through 108 procedures together with rice straw over the course of three years ___40___ it can transform into a batch (批) of fine Xuan paper. The flow of ink, both guided and resisted by water, determines the output of Chinese art, ___41___ Xuan paper outshines others with its excellent ability ___42___ (give)full play to ink. Different proportions (比例) of bark to straw during the papermaking process can create different canvases best suited for artistic expression in freehand ink paintings or calligraphy. Xuan paper ___43___ (accompany) the passionate brushstrokes of the Chinese scholars for thousands of years. Unlike other forms of paper, it is very resistant to damage ___44___ (bring) by time. It is this durability that has made the preservations of many ____45____ (value) works from ancient China possible. Papermaking is a crystallization (结晶) of wisdom of the ancient Chinese, and Xuan paper is the peak of papermaking. 【答案】36. which 37. an 38. extremely 39. to 40. before 41. and 42. to give 43. has accompanied 44. brought 45. valuable 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宣纸一词的由来作用，制作宣纸的传统工艺以及宣纸优于其他纸张的特色和地位等情况。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“宣纸”一词最早出现在唐代(618-907)学者张延元所著的《历代名画论》中，他在书中将宣纸描述为书画的理想载体。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a book，在从句中作介词in的宾语，指物。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“宣纸”一词最早出现在唐代(618-907)学者张延元所著的《历代名画论》中，他在书中将宣纸描述为书画的理想载体。carrier为泛指，且ideal是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：制作宣纸的传统工艺要求极高。修饰后边的形容词 demanding应用副词extremely，故填extremely。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：檀香树皮是一种原产于中国南方的植物，它与稻草一起经过108道工序，要等三年的时间才能变成一批精美的宣纸。短语native to表示“原产于……”。故填to。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：檀香树皮是一种原产于中国南方的植物，它与稻草一起经过108道工序，要等三年的时间才能变成一批精美的宣纸。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”应用before。故填before。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：水墨的流动，受水的引导和阻力，决定了中国艺术的输出，宣纸以其出色的发挥水墨的能力而出类拔萃。结合前后文可知连接两个并列句，应用连词and。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：水墨的流动，受水的引导和阻力，决定了中国艺术的输出，宣纸以其出色的发挥水墨的能力而出类拔萃。ability后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to give。 【43题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：几千年来，宣纸伴随着中国文人的激情笔触。根据 for thousands of years可知为现在完成时，主语为Xuan paper，助动词用has。故填has accompanied。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他形式的纸不同，它非常耐时间带来的损坏。分析句子结构可知bring与逻辑主语damage构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填brought。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：正是这种耐久性使得许多中国古代的珍贵作品得以保存。修饰名词works应用形容词valuable。故填valuable。 第四部分 写作 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文报科学园地栏目举行征文活动，请你以“一位中国科学家”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.科学家生平及贡献； 2.影响及启示。 注意： 1.词数80词左右； 2.题目已为你写好。 A Scientist in China __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Scientist in China The scientist in China impressed me most is Yuan Longping, the “father of hybrid rice”. As one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan devoted himself to studying agriculture. His hybrid strains have helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well. He received numerous awards, but he cared little for celebrity or money. Instead, he made large donations to support agricultural research. Yuan’s great contributions to human beings and his noble personality have impressed me deeply, which motivates me to be excellent. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生为校英语报将举办的题为“一位中国科学家”的征文活动，写一篇文章投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：famous→well-known 依靠：depend on→rely on 许多的：numerous→a number of 专心做某事：devote oneself to doing sth.→be absorbed in doing sth. 2.句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：He received numerous awards, but he cared little for celebrity or money. 拓展句：Although he received numerous awards, he cared little for celebrity or money. 【点睛】[高分句型1] His hybrid strains have helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well.（运用了that引导限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] Yuan’s great contributions to human beings and his noble personality have impressed me deeply, which motivates me to be excellent.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to work in a preschool for one and a half years, teaching the class for 2-year-olds. There was a head teacher and two assistant teachers(including me)in our class. Maybe 8 months into my work, we had a new student named Jack, who was nearly 3 years old but hardly knew any words. In fact when he arrived, the only words he would say were “hi” and “no”. Based on our working experience, we suspected his parents just never interacted with him at home. Every morning, Jack’s mom would drop him off with a totally blank expression. The moment they arrived, Jack would start crying, holding onto the hand or leg of his mother, who would just struggle to get the boy off her, saying “Let me go, Jack.” and then walk away without a look back. When she picked him up in the afternoon, Jack would run up to show her something but she would simply stare blankly at him and say “Let’s go, Jack.” If the teachers reported anything to her, she’d say “I see.” “Mhmm.”, giving us the same absent look. Jack’s dad rarely came and he was just as bad. He obviously had an anger problem. Anytime he heard something negative had happened, he would turn red, stare angrily at his son and just say “HUH. Well. We will deal with it.” in such a cold voice. As a result, the boy, who longed desperately for attention and love, was always bad-tempered (坏脾气). He would run, kick, hit, and even sometimes bite other kids. And when he did it he would laugh and turn to us to look for a reaction. We criticized and punished him again and again, but it didn’t work at all. After his second week, the lead teacher decided to talk to his mom about it. His mom just shrugged (耸肩), it off, gave that blank look and said, “Oh yeah, Jack is a handful (难管的人). I just can’t help it. ”The teachers were all shocked. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Having handled Jack for two months, we adjusted our approach. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To our great joy, Jack gradually changed. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Having handled Jack for two months, we adjusted our approach. Instead of punishing him every time he misbehaved, we tried to give him more positive attention. When he did well we praised him, and when he was sad we hugged him and played games with him. Slowly but surely, Jack started to open up. He would smile more often and even started babbling more words. To our great joy, Jack gradually changed. He stopped hitting and biting other kids and even started playing nicely with them. Seeing the great changes that had taken place in their child, Jack's parents also deeply reflected on themselves. His parents started taking more of an interest in him and even started attending parent-teacher meetings. At the moment, I realize that every child needs love and attention, and that a little positivity can go a long way in changing a child’s life. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章主要讲述了作者在托儿所中教授2岁儿童时，遇到了一个名叫杰克的孩子，他没有得到足够的家庭关爱和教育，性格难以管理，经过教师们的精心关心和耐心教育，杰克逐渐变得开朗、温顺，他的父母也开始重视孩子，并感激教师们帮助他们的孩子。文章强调了每个孩子都需要关爱和关注，积极的态度可以对孩子产生重大的影响。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在应付杰克两个月后，我们调整了方法。”可知，第一段可描写作者和同事们采取更加和善和友爱的方式对待杰克，慢慢地让杰克敞开心扉。 ②由第二段首句内容“使我们非常高兴的是，杰克渐渐变了。”可知，第二段可描写杰克发生的变化，以及杰克父母发生的变化，同时描写作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：作者和同时以更加友善和友爱的方式对待杰克——杰克慢慢敞开心扉——杰克不再打，咬其他孩子，开始融入到小朋友中——杰克的父母发生了变化——作者最终的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①尽力做：try to do/make every effort to do ②.拥抱：give sb a hug/hug sb ③.明白：realize/understand 情绪类 ①.难过的：sad/sorrowful ②.给他积极的关注：give him positive attention/ pay attention to him positively 【点睛】[高分句型1]. When he did well we praised him, and when he was sad we hugged him and played games with him. （由连接词when引导时间状语从句以及and构成的并列结构） [高分句型2]. At the moment, I realize that every child needs love and attention, and that a little positivity can go a long way in changing a child’s life.（由that引导宾语从句且构成宾语从句的并列结构） 听力 1—5 BBBAB 6—10 BCAAB 11—15 BCABA 16—20 ACACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023级高二上学期“赢战期中”模拟考试(二) 英语试题 本试卷共12页，满分为150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who is the woman in a red dress? A. Jessica. B. Holly. C. Maria. 2. Where is the shopping mall? A. In the first building. B. Opposite the library. C. On the right side of the block. 3 Why does the man call 911? A. A truck caught fire. B. A crash happened. C. Somebody got hurt. 4. What will the woman do next week? A. Take a math exam. B. Take a geography test. C. Prepare for a math exam. 5. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Windy. B. Fine. C. Bad. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What’s the woman? A. A gardener. B. A reporter. C. A teacher. 7. What does the man say about trees? A. They provide us with rain. B. They supply us with plants. C. They affect our survival. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What outdoor activity does the man like best? A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Playing basketball. 9. When does the man usually jog? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 10. How does the man feel after activities? A. Tired. B. Relaxed. C. Worried. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How many festivals are mentioned in the conversation? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. 12. What do people usually do to prepare for New Year’s Day? A. Visit friends or relatives. B. Go to the movies. C. Decorate their houses. 13. What do people believe New Year’s Day will bring? A. Good fortune. B. Bad luck. C. A magic change. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did the woman become interested in the machine? A. In college. B. At an early age. C. During repair work. 15. What’s the function of the machine kept at home? A. Producing electricity. B. Helping with the farm work. C. Making food for people. 16. What did the woman do when facing difficulty? A. She never gave up. B. She changed her plan. C. She turned to others for help. 17 What’s the woman’s dream for the future? A. Focusing on shooting videos only. B. Creating a better stage for herself. C. Helping the villagers with her skills. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What questions should you ask yourself to stop useless spending? A. Where is my money going? B. Who shall I spend money on? C. How much do I want to spend? 19. How could you feel if you spend money on what you really value? A. Shameful. B. Doubtful. C. Unworried. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. How to save money. B. How to reduce anxiety. C. How to spend money wisely. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A 2023 Hot List: The Best New Restaurants in the World Place des Fetes — New York City This famous wine bar provides a spot with a rare sweet and warm atmosphere. For date night, go to the bar with views of the open kitchen, or fill up the large table in the back with a group and taste the entire item menu. Either way, do not miss the famous mushroom soup. Le Doyenne — Saint — Vrain, France Australian chefs James Henry and Shaun Kelly transformed the former stables (马厩) of a 19th-century private estate into a working farm, restaurant, and guesthouse driven by the principles of regenerative agriculture. More than one hundred varieties of fruits, vegetables, and herbs make their way into Henry’s cooking after being carefully nurtured by Kelly. Mi Compa Chava — Mexico City Almost everyone eating here is devoted to fixing last night’s damage from drunkenness and getting a head start on creating today’s. On the sidewalk, crowds of locals and tourists alike line up for fisherman Salvador Orozco’s creative takes on Sinaloa and Baja seafood. Anything from the raw half of the menu is a sure bet, though cooked dishes like fish can help fill out a meal. Vilas — Bangkok Can a dish inspired by a Spanish recipe using Japanese ingredients (原料) still be considered Thai? For Chef Prin Polsuk, one of Bangkok’s most famous Thai chefs, it most certainly can. At his latest restaurant, a small dining room at the base of Bangkok’s hulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and landmark King Power Mahanakhon Tower, he draws inspiration from King Chulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and cooking techniques he added to the royal cookbooks. 1. What can you do in Place des Fetes — New York City ? A. Drink the red wine. B. Taste the mushroom soup. C. Watch the musicals. D. Enjoy the beautiful views. 2. Which restaurant best suits people who suffer from alcohol? A. Place des Fetes. B. Le Doyenne. C Mi Compa Chava. D. Vilas. 3. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To introduce the features of some restaurants. B. To compare the origins of some restaurants. C. To state the similarities of some restaurants. D. To recommend some foods of some restaurants. B The 36-year-old Jia Juntingxian was born in Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, and was blind in both eyes due to congenital eye disease. She has shown athletic talent since childhood and was selected as a track and field athlete by Jiangxi Disabled Persons’ Federation. Although she can’t see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles again and again while running, letting the world see her. In her sports career, Jia has won 43 national and world-class sports medals. Among them, in 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium (领奖台) of the women’s T11-T13 4×100-meter relay event at the Rio Paralympics. In 2017, Jia retired and chose to become a teacher at a special education school. Just a year ago, she found out that two young brothers, with visual impairments (视觉障碍), wanted to be an athlete. They had never attended a special education school and never achieved their athletic dream. Jia could only help them attend a local special education school. The experience made her realize that these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education. Even she didn’t know about such schools until late into her education. Therefore, she decided to become more involved with special education. Changing from a Paralympic competitor to a special education teacher, Jia said that there is no discomfort, “Because I understand the students as well as myself and know the inconveniences and difficulties of the children. I hope that every child is like a different seed.Through hard study, they can bravely realize their own life.” Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people. In 2021, Jia proposed the construction of audible (听得见的) traffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has resulted in more indoor public places allowing the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs. Jia and her husband founded a massage (按摩) shop and currently employ 16 visually impaired people, with an average monthly salary of 3,500 yuan per person. Jia always believes that the world is a circle, as long as the love of others is constantly passed on, the whole society will be full of love! 4. What can we learn about Jia from the passage? A. She won 43 sports medals in her country. B. She was strong-minded despite her disability. C. She was good at sports at the age of 5 years old. D. She never won national and world-class sports medals. 5. What made Jia decide to occupy herself in special education? A. The high salary of special education. B. Her wish to enrich her life after sports. C. Local government’s need for special education. D. Her experience of helping two disabled brothers. 6 Which of the following best describes Jia’s job on special education? A. Boring and dangerous. B. Patient and generous. C. Humorous and brave. D. Devoted and selfless. 7. What did Jia do to help the disabled? A. She constructed audible traffic signals. B. She set up a massage shop on her own. C. She advised increasing indoor public places. D. She provided employment opportunity for the blind. C Coral reefs in Florida have lost an estimated 90% of their corals in the last 40 years. This summer, a marine heat wave hit Florida’s coral reefs. The record high temperatures created an extremely stressful environment for the coral reefs, which are currently also experiencing intense coral bleaching (白化). A coral is an animal, which has a symbiotic relationship with a microscopic algae (藻类). The algae gets energy from the sun and shares it with the coral internally. The coral builds a rock-like structure, which makes up most of the reef, providing homes and food for many organisms that live there. Coral bleaching is when the symbiotic relationship breaks down. Without the algae, the corals appear white because the rock skeleton becomes visible. If the bleaching continues for an extended period, the corals can starve to death without the energy. Florida is on the front lines of climate change. It is also on the cutting edge of restoration science. Many labs, institutions and other organizations are working nonstop to protect and maintain the coral reefs. This includes efforts to understand what is troubling the reef, from disease outbreaks to coastal development impacts. It also includes harvesting coral spawn (卵), or growing and planting coral parts. Scientists moved many coral nurseries into deeper water and shore-based facilities during this marine heat wave. They are digging into the DNA of the coral to discover which species will survive best in future. There are some bright spots in the story, however. Some corals have recovered from the bleaching, and many did not bleach at all. In addition, researchers recorded coral spawning. Although it’s not clear yet whether the larvae (幼虫) will be successful in the wild, it’s a sign of recovery potential. If the baby corals survive, they will be able to regrow the reef. They just have to avoid one big boss: human-induced climate change. 8. What does the underlined word “symbiotic” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Reliable. B. Opposite. C. Harmonious. D. Contradictory. 9. What caused the coral bleaching? A. The rock skeleton. B. The microscopic algae. C. The high temperatures. D. The symbiotic relationship. 10. Which is not the efforts scientists made to help coral reefs? A. Transferring coral nurseries. B. Growing and planting coral spawn. C. Researching the DNA of the coral. D. Figuring out the reasons for problems. 11. Which of the following best describes the impact of scientists’ efforts? A. Identifiable. B. Predictable. C. Far-reaching. D. Effective. D Scientists at the UCL Institute for Neurology have developed new tools, based on AI language models, that can characterize subtle signatures in the speech of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (精神分裂症). The research, published in PNAS, aims to understand how the automated analysis of language could help doctors and scientists diagnose and assess psychiatric (病) conditions. Currently, psychiatric diagnosis is based almost entirely on talking with patients and those close to them, with only a minimal role for tests such as blood tests and brain scans. However, this lack of precision prevents a richer understanding of the causes of mental illness and the monitoring of treatment. The researchers asked 26 participants with schizophrenia and 26 control participants to complete two verbal fluency tasks, where they were asked to name as many words as they could either belonging to the category “animals” or starting with the letter “p” in five minutes. To analyze the answers given by participants, the team used an AI language model to represent the meaning of words in a similar way to humans. They tested whether the words people naturally recalled could be predicted by the AI model, and whether this predictability was reduced in patients with schizophrenia. They found that the answers given by control participants were indeed more predictable by the AI model than those generated by people with schizophrenia, and that this difference was largest in patients with more severe symptoms. The researchers think that this difference might have to do with the way the brain learns relationships between memories and ideas, and stores this information in so called “cognitive maps”. The team now plan to use this technology in a larger sample of patients, across more diverse speech setting, to test whether it might prove useful in the clinic. Lead author, Dr. Matthew Nour, said: “There is enormous interest in using AI language models in medicine. If these tools prove safe, I expect they will begin to be used in the clinic within the next decade.” 12. What is the disadvantage of current psychiatric diagnosis? A. It is greatly related to blood tests. B. It mostly relies on talking with patients. C. It refers to the words of patients’ family. D. It can’t comprehend schizophrenia deeply. 13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The process of the research. B. The tasks of the participants. C. The performance of researchers. D. The predictability of AI language models 14. What is Dr Matthew Nour’s attitude toward AI language models? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Negative. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI language new tools used in the clinic. B. AI language tools developed by scientists. C. AI language models treating schizophrenia. D. AI language models diagnosing schizophrenia. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Protecting from above A deadly asteroid (小行星) heading toward the Earth is a common plot in sci-fi movies. ___16___ An increasing number of space agencies are now taking steps to defend against near-Earth asteroids (NEAs). ___17___ Wu Yanhua, deputy director of the China National Space Administration (CNSA), recently told CCTV News that China will start to build Earth and space-based monitoring and warning systems to detect NEAs. ___18___ In 2025 or 2026, China hopes to be able to closely observe approaching asteroids before impacting them to change their path toward our planet. Making an impact NASA also has its own program for developing technology to deflect (使转向) incoming asteroids. On Nov 23, 2021, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) was launched to slam into Dimorphos and change the speed at which it orbits its space neighbor, Didymos, an asteroid approximately 2, 560 feet in diameter (直径). ___19___ Global effort ___20___ It also re-launched its Planetary Defense Office in 2021, according to Electronics Weekly. Restarting the program, which seeks to communicate with space agencies around the world, is due to “the global character of the dangers we all face due to asteroids”, said ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher. A. Plan to protect. B. Taking prompt actions. C. But most people believe this is only an imagination. D. However this is also a risk we should be worried about in real life. E. They are aimed to classify incoming NEAs depending on the risks they pose. F. The European Space Agency (ESA) signed a deal to make a spacecraft for a joint mission with NASA. G. This will help prove out one viable (可行的) way to protect our planet from a dangerous asteroid. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Watching a plane fly across the sky as a young boy, Todd Smith knew that flying was what he wanted to do when he was older. After five years’ training, he finally ___21___ his dream job in his late twenties-working as an airline pilot. But in 2019, the travel firm he was ___22___ for was closed down. By this time Mr Smith had become increasingly ___23___ about the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation (航空) industry’s carbon emissions (碳排放). “I had an uncomfortable ___24___ ,” he says. “I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups, but I knew it would ruin my ___25___ , and I had a lot of ___26___ . It would be easier to return to the industry and pay them off.” Yet after hesitating for several months, Mr Smith finally ___27___ to quit his flying career for good. “I prefer flying and ___28___ interesting destinations, and earning a decent ___29___ ,” says Mr Smith. “But when we are ____30____ the climate and ecological emergency, how could I possibly ____31____ my needs? We need to think about how to ____32____ the biggest threat to humanity.” Giving up his dream job was a ____33____ decision, he says. “Financially I’ve been really ____34____ . It’s been challenging, but taking action has ____35____ my anxiety.” Mr Smith is now a climate activist. 21. A. quit B. changed C. completed D. landed 22. A. waiting B. preparing C. working D. looking 23. A. concerned B. curious C. serious D. doubtful 24. A. tension B. conflict C. solution D. passion 25. A. fame B. life C. ambition D. career 26. A. needs B. debts C. pressures D. troubles 27. A. refused B. promised C. expected D. decided 28. A. discovering B. comparing C. recording D. visiting 29. A. salary B. honor C. award D. title 30. A. accustomed to B. faced with C. addicted to D. trapped in 31. A. remove B. raise C. meet D. stress 32. A. issue B. view C. make D. handle 33. A. tough B. wise C. reasonable D. positive 34. A. saving B. struggling C. investing D. contributing 35. A. covered B. balanced C. eased D. increased 第二节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xuan paper is known as the “Paper of Ages”. The term Xuan paper first appeared in On Famous Paintings through the Ages, a book written by Tang Dynasty (618-907) scholar Zhang Yanyuan, in ___36___ he described Xuan paper as ___37___ ideal carrier for calligraphy and painting. The traditional craft of making Xuan paper is ___38___ (extreme) demanding. Sandalwood bark(檀香皮), a plant native ___39___ southern China, goes through 108 procedures together with rice straw over the course of three years ___40___ it can transform into a batch (批) of fine Xuan paper. The flow of ink, both guided and resisted by water, determines the output of Chinese art, ___41___ Xuan paper outshines others with its excellent ability ___42___ (give)full play to ink. Different proportions (比例) of bark to straw during the papermaking process can create different canvases best suited for artistic expression in freehand ink paintings or calligraphy. Xuan paper ___43___ (accompany) the passionate brushstrokes of the Chinese scholars for thousands of years. Unlike other forms of paper, it is very resistant to damage ___44___ (bring) by time. It is this durability that has made the preservations of many ____45____ (value) works from ancient China possible. Papermaking is a crystallization (结晶) of wisdom of the ancient Chinese, and Xuan paper is the peak of papermaking. 第四部分 写作 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文报科学园地栏目举行征文活动，请你以“一位中国科学家”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.科学家生平及贡献； 2.影响及启示。 注意： 1.词数80词左右； 2.题目已为你写好。 A Scientist in China __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to work in a preschool for one and a half years, teaching the class for 2-year-olds. There was a head teacher and two assistant teachers(including me)in our class. Maybe 8 months into my work, we had a new student named Jack, who was nearly 3 years old but hardly knew any words. In fact when he arrived, the only words he would say were “hi” and “no”. Based on our working experience, we suspected his parents just never interacted with him at home. Every morning, Jack’s mom would drop him off with a totally blank expression. The moment they arrived, Jack would start crying, holding onto the hand or leg of his mother, who would just struggle to get the boy off her, saying “Let me go, Jack.” and then walk away without a look back. When she picked him up in the afternoon, Jack would run up to show her something but she would simply stare blankly at him and say “Let’s go, Jack.” If the teachers reported anything to her, she’d say “I see.” “Mhmm.”, giving us the same absent look. Jack’s dad rarely came and he was just as bad. He obviously had an anger problem. Anytime he heard something negative had happened, he would turn red, stare angrily at his son and just say “HUH. Well. We will deal with it.” in such a cold voice. As a result, the boy, who longed desperately for attention and love, was always bad-tempered (坏脾气). He would run, kick, hit, and even sometimes bite other kids. And when he did it he would laugh and turn to us to look for a reaction. We criticized and punished him again and again, but it didn’t work at all. After his second week, the lead teacher decided to talk to his mom about it. His mom just shrugged (耸肩), it off, gave that blank look and said, “Oh yeah, Jack is a handful (难管的人). I just can’t help it. ”The teachers were all shocked. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Having handled Jack for two months, we adjusted our approach. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To our great joy, Jack gradually changed. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1—5 BBBAB 6—10 BCAAB 11—15 BCABA 16—20 ACACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$