Unit 4 Body Language Learning about Language 语法 导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit4 非谓语语法专题（二）——V-ing作宾语和表语 1、 动词-ing形式作宾语 1. I enjoy (chat) with them. 2. We can learn a lot by (watch) their body language. 总结：V-ing形式在句中可位于 后作 ； 结构or 结构 也可位于 之后作 。 · 动词­ing形式作动词的宾语 1. 只能+ V­ing 形式作宾语的动词(短语)： 避免错过少延期：avoid, miss, delay/put off 禁不住喜欢想象：can't help, enjoy, imagine+ doing 建议完成多练习：advise, finish, practise 承认否定与嫉妒：admit, deny, envy 逃避冒险莫原谅：escape, risk, excuse 忍受保持不介意：stand, keep, mind They didn’t mind (treat) like guests. 2. 既能接动词­ing也能接不定式作宾语的动词： doing to do like, love, hate, prefer... 泛指的动作 具体的一次性动作 begin, start, continue... 意义无区别 forget, remember, regret, stop... 已经发生的动作 将要发生的动作 (1) It is a pleasant day today, so I love _________(have) a walk with my friend. (2) They _________________________ and had a rest. 他们停止工作，休息了一下。 to do doing · 动词­ing形式作介词的宾语 1. 常见的介词+V-ing：about, of, at, for, on, in, like... + doing set about着手做, be fond of喜欢, be good at擅长, stand for代表, insist on 坚持, be interested in对……感兴趣, feel like想要, ... 2. to作介词+V-ing+ doing be used to习惯于, get down to开始做, lead to导致, devote oneself to献身于, look forward to期待, stick to坚持, pay attention to注意, ... Alice looks forward to (ask) to give a speech at the meeting. 3. 省略介词+V-ing 的结构 · 动词­ing形式作宾语的特殊情况 1. allow, advise, forbid, permit, recommend, encourage等动词后直接跟动名词作宾语；如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成allow/advise/forbid/permit/ recommend/encourage＋n./pron.＋to do(宾语补足语) (1) They don’t permit (scratch) paint off the wall. (2) Her mother doesn’t permit her ( stay) away at night. 2. 用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是V­ing形式。其结构如下： useless no use no good no pleasure a waste of time worthwhile make think believe consider find feel + doing + it + Sb + 3. 在动词need, require, want, deserve后，用V­ing表示被动含义，即 need/require/want/deserve doing＝need/require/want/deserve to be done。 4. 在(be) worth 后面只能用V­ing来表示被动含义。 2、 动词-ing形式作表语 1. e.g. When he heard the news, he got angry. 表语：用来说明主语的身份、内容、性质、品性、特征或状态的句子成分。 位置：在__________之后。 2. e.g. The story is moving. 情况一：现在分词做表语，往往具有_________的性质，说明主语的__________等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化来的。常见的有: moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...等。 这类分词一般意为 ，通常用来修饰物。 注意：不定式和动词­ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作。动词­ed形式作表语表示外因使之具备的性质和特征，意为：感到……的。 3. e.g. My hobby is painting. 情况二：动名词作表语多表示_______________的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 注意：但当主语是aim/goal/purpose/intention, suggestion/advice/proposal, idea/the next step,plan/ambition/dream,duty等这类表示“目的与意图，建议与想法，目标梦想与责任等时，用to do做表语，to do做表语通常是强调一次性的，具体的将要发生的动作。 The next step is to put the theory into practice. 下一阶段要把理论付诸实践。 My duty is to keep the classroom clean. 我的职责是保持教室清洁 4. 比较现在分词和动名词作表语 (1) 判断下面一组句子是现在分词/动名词作表语 His hobby is interesting. _________作表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. _________作表语 (2) 判断下面一组句子逻辑是否正确 Interesting is his hobby.（ ） Collecting stamps is his hobby.（ ） 总结：现在分词和动名词作表语时在形式上没有任何区别，但是在功能和意义上有较大差异： 现在分词说明主语的________，常含有“令/使人……的”；  动名词说明主语的_______，可以和主语___________。 3、 动词-ing形式的复合结构作宾语和表语 (1) Do you mind smoking here? 你介意在这儿抽烟吗？ (2) Do you mind my/me smoking here? 你介意我在这儿抽烟吗？ 句（2）中smoke的逻辑主语是 ，而不是句子主语you，所以必须使用v-ing的复合结构。 用法：当v-ing形式作宾语/表语，且它的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，就需要使用v-ing形式的复合结构。 形式：形容词性物主代词/代词宾格/名词/名词所有格＋(not) doing Do you mind my/me/Jack/Jack’s leaving now? 你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？ What made all of us worried was his/Jack’s not getting to the station on time. 他/杰克没有准时到车站让我们所有人都很担心。 Test for goals 1.It was an unpopular decision to postpone ______________ (build) the new hospital. 2.One learns a language by making mistakes and __________ (correct) them. 3.Though it sounds a bit too expensive, it is worth ______________ (buy). 4.She is very busy ________(write) her papers. 5.________(paint) is her hobby. 6.Something is wrong with the computer and it requires_________________(repair).  7.I appreciate his _________(devote) himself to the cause of agriculture. 8.She can’t stand __________ (keep) waiting. 9.The little boy slipped into the classroom without __________(notice) by the teacher. 10.Peter is angry about ________________(not invite) to the party. 11. Climbing mountains was __________, so we all felt _________. (tire) 12. It was a really _________(terrify) experience. Afterwards, everybody was very ________(shock)． 13. You may find it _____________ (astonish) that Charlie Chaplin was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. 14. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying __________ (connect)． 15. The news was ______(shock), and there was a _____ (frighten) look on her face. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$