8A Unit 7 Seasons Grammar～ Task知识点讲义-2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

8A Unit 7 Seasons Grammar~ Task知识点讲义 重点短语 30.Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks at the beach yesterday. =Hobo built a tent for Eddie with sticks at 31.the beach yesterday. 昨天 Hobo用棍子在沙滩为Eddie搭了帐篷。 31.Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning. 今天早上当我醒来妈妈正在给我做早饭。 32.The clouds became dark. 天变得乌云密布 33.Luckily, it didn’t rain. / Unluckily, it rained heavily.幸运的是天没下雨/不幸的是，天下大雨了 34.from morning till night 从早到晚 35.kick the ball / the can 踢球 / 踢易拉罐 I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park.我看见一些孩子正在公园踢球。 see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 36.on rainy/snowy days在下雨天/下雪天 37.have/catch a cold感冒have/catch a bad cold重感冒 38.have a high fever发高烧 39.cough a lot咳嗽厉害 40.an awful day糟糕的一天 41.in the late afternoon在傍晚时分 42.drop/fall below zero降到零度以下 drop/fall to minus ten degrees/ten degrees below zero下降到零下十度 43.The temperature will drop below zero, to -10℃. 温度会降到零度以下, 到-10℃。 44.turn more cloudy变得更加乌云密布 45.around nine degrees = about nine degrees 9度左右 46.The temperature will be in the thirties. 气温将在30多度 47.Sb is in one’s thirtieth某人是30多岁 48.the rest of……的其余部分 49.the rest of the water is … / the rest of my books are … 剩余的水 / 书是 50.the lowest/ highest temperature最低气温/最高气温 51.stay above zero保持在零度以上 52.during this time of year在每年的这个时候 53.a bit cold=a little cold有一点冷 a bit of water=a little water有一点水 54.How's the weather in Nanjing?=What's the weather like in Nanjing? 南京的天气怎么样？ 55.The wind is blowing hard./heavily = There is hard/heavy wind 风刮的很大 56.Take care当心,保重 57.It rained /snowed heavily last night.= There was a heavy rain /snow last night. 昨天晚上下了大雨/雪 58.It will be snowy tomorrow. = It will snow tomorrow.= There will be snow tomorrow. 明天将会下雪 59.cover… with…用…遮住… cover their face with scarves 用围巾遮住脸 60.The high temperature makes people sleepy in the afternoon. 下午高温使人昏昏欲睡。 make… +形容词 使… 怎样 make sb sleepy使某人昏昏欲睡make me strong 使我强壮 61.The sudden heavy rain causes a lot of problems. 突如其来的大雨引发了很多的问题。 62.the best season of the year一年中最好的季节 63.have a short trip around the city环城短途旅行 64.(have）snowball fights（打）雪球仗 65.heavy fog大雾 strong wind 大风 heavy rain 大雨 heavy snow 大雪 Heavy fog is not healthy for people. 大雾有害于人的健康。 66.be covered in deep white snow被厚厚的白雪覆盖 be covered with sth被覆盖… 67.be frozen 结冰的（形容词） （freeze 动词结冰–froze—frozen ） 68.It is exciting to have big snowball fights. 打大雪仗非常的令人刺激。 It is +形容词+( for sb) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事怎样 69.throw snowballs at each other相互扔雪球 We throw snowballs at each other，screaming and laughing. 我们互相扔雪球,叫着，笑着。 70.screaming and laughing 是现在分词短语，在句子中作伴随状语。如： The girl ran into her room, crying. 女孩哭着跑进她的房间。 Liu Tao came in, singing a pop song. 刘涛进来,唱着流行歌曲。（刘涛唱着流行歌曲进来。） 71.make snowmen堆雪人 72.use carrots for their noses用胡萝卜做它们的鼻子 use sth to do / for doing、for sth 用……做某事、作为…… 73.everywhere = here and there 到处 1. I hate rainy days.我讨厌下雨天 hate作及物动词，意为“憎恨，讨厌”，后面接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词形式。 如：他是个如此懒惰的男孩儿以至于我们都讨厌他。 He’s such a lazy boy that we all hate him. 实话告诉你，我讨厌今晚讨厌做家务。 To tell you truth, I hate to do housework this evening. 我讨厌周末早起。 I hate getting up early on on weekends. 2. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. (1) see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事（强调目睹事情的全过程） 如：我经常看见他在周末的时候在公园里跑步。 I often see him run in the park at weekends. (2) see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事（强调该动作正在发生） 如：Mike看见Simon正在操场上打篮球。 Mike sees Simon playing basketball in the playground. (3) 类似用法的动词还有watch、hear、notice等 3. around adv. 大约；在…周围 (1) around表示“大约”时，相当于about 我们是早上大约八点钟到达北京的。 We reached Beijing around eight o’clock in the morning. (2) 在….周围 全世界：all around the world 引领…参观：show…around 4. rest 其余的部分 (1) the rest of … …..的其余部分；…的剩余部分 如：没有人本身就是完整的；他的朋友是他其余的部分。 No man is the whole of himself; his friends are the rest of him. 注：the rest of后可接名词复数或不可数名词，当其做主语时，谓语动词的形式与of后的名词保持一致 剩下的油不够了。 The rest of the oil is not enough. 其余的书都很乏味 The rest of the books are very boring. (2) rest休息，n&vi 如：你最好休息一下。 You’d better take a rest. 医生让我休息。 The doctor told me to rest. 5. bit少量；一点 (1) 他一点儿都不在乎。 He doesn’t care a bit. (2) a bit有点儿，后面不能直接接名词，接形容词；a bit of 后可以接名词接不可数名词 如：我觉得今天有点冷。 I feel a bit cold today. 我想喝点牛奶。 I’d like to drink a bit of milk. 辨析a bit a little 1) 均可在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级，二者可以互换 2) a little后可直接加不可数名词，而a bit 后需要加of之后，再接不可数名词。 6. ring vt&vi 给…打电话；想起铃声 (1) 听！电话铃响了。请去接一下。 Listen! The phone is ringing. Please go to answer it. (2) 请给医生打电话 Please ring the doctor. 7. shine n. 光亮；光泽 (1) 我妈妈的黑发已经失去了光泽。 My mum’s dark hair has lost its shine. (2) 作动词时，译为“照耀”----词形变化：发光的；发亮的shiny 8. sudden突然的 (1) 不要突然地做任何动作。 Don’t make any sudden movements. (2) 突然地 all of a sudden (3) 突然地；意外地（副词）suddenly 9. fight n&vi打架（仗） (1) 我弟弟被人拉倒旅馆外面去打架了。 My brother was drawn into a fight outside the hotel. (2) fight with sb.和某人打架 如：和人打架是不对的。 It’s not right to fight with others. (3) fight for sth. 为…而战；为…奋斗 如：战士们为了我们的自由而战。 The soldiers fight for our freedom. 10. Today I learnt more about weather.今天我学到了更多关于天气的知识。 (1) learn about“听说，得知；学习” 如：这个学期，我们将学习中国文化。 This term, we’ll learn about Chinese culture. (2) learn…. from“向…学习….；从….学到….” 如：我从Mike 那里学到了很多关于英国文化的知识。 I learn a lot about English culture from Mike. 11. How’s the weather in Nanjing? 南京的天气怎么样？ (1) 用于询问天气的句型： How is the weather…..? What’s the weather like …..? 昨天天气怎么样啊？ What was the weather like yesterday?/How was the weather yesterday? (2) It is often rainy in England.(对划线部分提问) How is the weather in England? 12. It is very cold and everyone has to wear thick warm clothes.天气非常冷，每个人都不得不穿厚的、暖和的衣服。 (1) everyone作不定代词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 如：听到这个信息，大家都很震惊。 Everyone was shocked when they heard the news. (2) 辨析 every one everyone everyone每人；人人，其后不可接介词of；而every one既可指人也可指物，后面可跟介词of 如：每个人都喜欢他。 Everyone likes him. Every one of us likes him. 语法精讲 简单句的五种基本句型 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下： S十V主谓结构 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 S十V十P主系表结构 主语 ＋ 连系动词 ＋ 表语 S十V十O主谓宾结构 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语 S十V十IO十DO 主谓双宾结构 S十V十IO十DO 主谓宾补结构 基本句型一： S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise, 基本句型二:  S十V十P主系表结构 常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) A. 表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear等。 B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn等。如： 基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构 这种句型中的动词是及物动词 如：我昨天看了一部电影。I saw a film yesterday. 他们把这些孩子照看好。They take good care of the children． 基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构 间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。 间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有： buy, choose, make, order, paint, play(演奏)， sing,等。  如：昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。 Yesterday her father __bought__ __her__ __a__ _bike__ as a birthday   present.   那个老人正在给孩子们讲故事 The old man is telling a story to the children 这种句型还可转换为： 动词 ＋ 直接宾语 ＋ for/ to sb.    如：请把你的画给我看一下。 Please show me your picture. ==Please _show_ _your_ _picture_ _to_ _me_.    我把盐递给他。 I __pass__ __him__the salt. = I __pass__the salt _to__ _him_.     基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 这种句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。类似的动词有：call（叫）, choose（选）, find（发现）, make, name, (命名) 如：请让孩子们安静下来。 Make _the children quiet__, please. 他们把门漆成绿色。 They painted __the_ __door__ _green__. 我们必须保持我们的学校洁净。   We must __keep__ _our_ _school__ _clean_.   他要我快点回来。 He asked me _to_ _come__ _back_ soon. 我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。__We find him a lazy person___.   例题精讲 判断句子类别（在括号里填入适当的序号） ( A) S+V (B) S+V+O (C)S+V+P (D) S+V+IO+DO (E)S+V+DO+OC ( )1. You look beautiful ( )2. I love reading ( )3. The cat makes me happy. ( )4. He often gives me some advice. ( )5. She is dancing. ( )6. I can hear him singing in the next door. ( )7. You shouldn’t throw littler. ( )8. He seems happy. ( )9. I am reading an English book. ( )10. She found an article interesting. 课堂练习 一、 用所给词的正确形式填空 1. In winter, the days get (short) and the nights get longer. 2. They fly away (find) a warm and sunny day. 3. What are you busy (do) these days? 4. Why did you buy him this present?--- (thank) his kindness. 5. (luck) , all of us passed the driving tests. 6. There are lots of (tour) in the snow. 7. All of them enjoy (skate). 8. He didn’t go to work because of his (ill). 9. Giant pandas like to live in a (nature) world. 10. China is one of the (large) countries. 11. She likes sleeping with windows (close) . 12. He is (terrible) ill. Let’s take him to hospital. . 13. The boss often makes the worker (work) over 12 hours every day. 14. It will be (rain) . You’d better take an umbrella. 15. I can’t see the blackboard (clear). 二、单项选择 ( )1. ----What’s _______ the students in your school ? ----There are about 1,500. A. a number of B. the number of C. any number of D. numbers of ( )2. Yesterday, we had a great time _______ football. A. to play B. played C. play D. playing ( )3. It is ______ cold today and there is ______rain. A. too much…too much B. much too…much too C. too much…much too D. much too…too much ( )4 I usually ____a lot of time _______English. A. take, to read B. spend, to read C. take, reading D. spend, reading. ( )5. The old man lives _____,but he never feels _____. A. alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. lonely, lonely D. alone, alone 三、词汇运用（根据首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子） 1 You can’t see stars on c_______ nights. 2 It is easy to fly kite on a sunny and r_______ day. 3 London has more f_______than any city in the world. 4 Our garden is full of bees and _________(蝴蝶) in spring. 5 Amy didn’t go to school yesterday because she c_______ a cold. 6 My grandpa can remember all of his old friends, so he has a good m_______. 7 Let me i________ Mr Green to you, Mum. 8 Jack did his homework c_______, so there were lots of mistakes. 9 We should face the _________(事实) when we have difficulty in our daily life. 10 Everyone should take part in p________ the wild animals. 课堂小结 课后作业 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The sun shines __________(bright). It is a _______(sun) day. 2. It was _______(fog) today. 3. The wind will blow __________(strong ) and _________(strong). 4. They had a hard time _________(work) in that village. 5. You should read at _______(little) ten pages of the book every day. 6. Winter is perfect for __________(skate) for children. 7. Please cut out the ___________(necessary) words. 8. _______(keep) healthy, I decide ________(exercise) half an hour a day. 9. We just saw some boys ________(get) out of the subway. 10. Look, the teenagers are making cards _________(show) love for their mothers. 11. The __________(travel) are planning to go to visit the Great Wall tomorrow. 12. This pen looks ___________ (shine) and beautiful, I think it must be more expensive than mine. 13. Please answer the ___________(follow) questions. 14. Jane, don’t forget ____________(turn) off the TV before going out. 15. The boy is too poor to go to school. He has to teach______________(he) at home. 二、完形填空。 Two Englishmen were in Boston for a 1_ . One morning they went out 2 for a famous church, but they didn't know how to get there. They stopped a man and asked. “Excuse me, can you tell us the way 3 the North Church?” “Go three blocks and turn to your left," he said. “You can't 4 it.” So the Englishmen walked three blocks and turned to their left, but they didn't see 5 church. Then they asked 6 second man. “Excuse me, but we're trying 7 the North Church. " This one said, “Go three blocks and turn to your left.” But again they couldn't find the church. 8 the end they asked a third man, “Excuse me, could you tell us how 9 to the North Church?" ‘‘Go three blocks and turn to your left. You can't miss it. " They walked three blocks and turned to their left for a third time. This time they found the church. ‘‘Is everything in Boston three blocks and a left turn?" they asked 10 . Just then a man walked over to them. ¨Excuse me," the man said, Where is the East Park? Can you tell me?" “Go three blocks and turn to your left," one of the Englishmen said.“ You can't miss it. " 1. A. visitor B. visitors C. visit D. visiting 2. A. to look B. looked C. looking D. look 3. A. at B. in C. on D. to 4. A. load B. miss C. find . D. see 5. A. any B. some C. a D. the 6. A. an B. the C.a D./ 7. A. find B. to find C. finds D. found 8. A. For B. At C. With D. In 9. A. will get B. is getting C. to get D. gets 10. A. them B. they C. me D. themselves 三、书面表达 幸福是什么呢?是下雨时妈妈送来的一把伞，是难过时朋友安慰的几句话，是帮助他人后会心的一笑，还是……其实幸福很简单，幸福就在你身边。请你以“Happiness”为题， 写一篇英语短文，让我们分享你的感受。词数：80左右。 这些词汇也许对你有帮助：treasure(v．珍惜)，comfort(v．安慰)，share(v．分享) Happiness _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 8A Unit 7 Seasons Grammar~ Task知识点讲义 重点短语 30.Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks at the beach yesterday. =Hobo built a tent for Eddie with sticks at 31.the beach yesterday. 昨天 Hobo用棍子在沙滩为Eddie搭了帐篷。 31.Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning. 今天早上当我醒来妈妈正在给我做早饭。 32.The clouds became dark. 天变得乌云密布 33.Luckily, it didn’t rain. / Unluckily, it rained heavily.幸运的是天没下雨/不幸的是，天下大雨了 34.from morning till night 从早到晚 35.kick the ball / the can 踢球 / 踢易拉罐 I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park.我看见一些孩子正在公园踢球。 see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 36.on rainy/snowy days在下雨天/下雪天 37.have/catch a cold感冒have/catch a bad cold重感冒 38.have a high fever发高烧 39.cough a lot咳嗽厉害 40.an awful day糟糕的一天 41.in the late afternoon在傍晚时分 42.drop/fall below zero降到零度以下 drop/fall to minus ten degrees/ten degrees below zero下降到零下十度 43.The temperature will drop below zero, to -10℃. 温度会降到零度以下, 到-10℃。 44.turn more cloudy变得更加乌云密布 45.around nine degrees = about nine degrees 9度左右 46.The temperature will be in the thirties. 气温将在30多度 47.Sb is in one’s thirtieth某人是30多岁 48.the rest of……的其余部分 49.the rest of the water is … / the rest of my books are … 剩余的水 / 书是 50.the lowest/ highest temperature最低气温/最高气温 51.stay above zero保持在零度以上 52.during this time of year在每年的这个时候 53.a bit cold=a little cold有一点冷 a bit of water=a little water有一点水 54.How's the weather in Nanjing?=What's the weather like in Nanjing? 南京的天气怎么样？ 55.The wind is blowing hard./heavily = There is hard/heavy wind 风刮的很大 56.Take care当心,保重 57.It rained /snowed heavily last night.= There was a heavy rain /snow last night. 昨天晚上下了大雨/雪 58.It will be snowy tomorrow. = It will snow tomorrow.= There will be snow tomorrow. 明天将会下雪 59.cover… with…用…遮住… cover their face with scarves 用围巾遮住脸 60.The high temperature makes people sleepy in the afternoon. 下午高温使人昏昏欲睡。 make… +形容词 使… 怎样 make sb sleepy使某人昏昏欲睡make me strong 使我强壮 61.The sudden heavy rain causes a lot of problems. 突如其来的大雨引发了很多的问题。 62.the best season of the year一年中最好的季节 63.have a short trip around the city环城短途旅行 64.(have）snowball fights（打）雪球仗 65.heavy fog大雾 strong wind 大风 heavy rain 大雨 heavy snow 大雪 Heavy fog is not healthy for people. 大雾有害于人的健康。 66.be covered in deep white snow被厚厚的白雪覆盖 be covered with sth被覆盖… 67.be frozen 结冰的（形容词） （freeze 动词结冰–froze—frozen ） 68.It is exciting to have big snowball fights. 打大雪仗非常的令人刺激。 It is +形容词+( for sb) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事怎样 69.throw snowballs at each other相互扔雪球 We throw snowballs at each other，screaming and laughing. 我们互相扔雪球,叫着，笑着。 70.screaming and laughing 是现在分词短语，在句子中作伴随状语。如： The girl ran into her room, crying. 女孩哭着跑进她的房间。 Liu Tao came in, singing a pop song. 刘涛进来,唱着流行歌曲。（刘涛唱着流行歌曲进来。） 71.make snowmen堆雪人 72.use carrots for their noses用胡萝卜做它们的鼻子 use sth to do / for doing、for sth 用……做某事、作为…… 73.everywhere = here and there 到处 知识梳理 1. I hate rainy days.我讨厌下雨天 hate作及物动词，意为“憎恨，讨厌”，后面接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词形式。 如：他是个如此懒惰的男孩儿以至于我们都讨厌他。 He’s such a lazy boy that we all hate him. 实话告诉你，我讨厌今晚讨厌做家务。 To tell you truth, I hate to do housework this evening. 我讨厌周末早起。 I hate getting up early on on weekends. 2. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. (1) see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事（强调目睹事情的全过程） 如：我经常看见他在周末的时候在公园里跑步。 I often see him run in the park at weekends. (2) see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事（强调该动作正在发生） 如：Mike看见Simon正在操场上打篮球。 Mike sees Simon playing basketball in the playground. (3) 类似用法的动词还有watch、hear、notice等 3. around adv. 大约；在…周围 (1) around表示“大约”时，相当于about 我们是早上大约八点钟到达北京的。 We reached Beijing around eight o’clock in the morning. (2) 在….周围 全世界：all around the world 引领…参观：show…around 4. rest 其余的部分 (1) the rest of … …..的其余部分；…的剩余部分 如：没有人本身就是完整的；他的朋友是他其余的部分。 No man is the whole of himself; his friends are the rest of him. 注：the rest of后可接名词复数或不可数名词，当其做主语时，谓语动词的形式与of后的名词保持一致 剩下的油不够了。 The rest of the oil is not enough. 其余的书都很乏味 The rest of the books are very boring. (2) rest休息，n&vi 如：你最好休息一下。 You’d better take a rest. 医生让我休息。 The doctor told me to rest. 5. bit少量；一点 (1) 他一点儿都不在乎。 He doesn’t care a bit. (2) a bit有点儿，后面不能直接接名词，接形容词；a bit of 后可以接名词接不可数名词 如：我觉得今天有点冷。 I feel a bit cold today. 我想喝点牛奶。 I’d like to drink a bit of milk. 辨析a bit a little 1) 均可在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级，二者可以互换 2) a little后可直接加不可数名词，而a bit 后需要加of之后，再接不可数名词。 6. ring vt&vi 给…打电话；想起铃声 (1) 听！电话铃响了。请去接一下。 Listen! The phone is ringing. Please go to answer it. (2) 请给医生打电话 Please ring the doctor. 7. shine n. 光亮；光泽 (1) 我妈妈的黑发已经失去了光泽。 My mum’s dark hair has lost its shine. (2) 作动词时，译为“照耀”----词形变化：发光的；发亮的shiny 8. sudden突然的 (1) 不要突然地做任何动作。 Don’t make any sudden movements. (2) 突然地 all of a sudden (3) 突然地；意外地（副词）suddenly 9. fight n&vi打架（仗） (1) 我弟弟被人拉倒旅馆外面去打架了。 My brother was drawn into a fight outside the hotel. (2) fight with sb.和某人打架 如：和人打架是不对的。 It’s not right to fight with others. (3) fight for sth. 为…而战；为…奋斗 如：战士们为了我们的自由而战。 The soldiers fight for our freedom. 10. Today I learnt more about weather.今天我学到了更多关于天气的知识。 (1) learn about“听说，得知；学习” 如：这个学期，我们将学习中国文化。 This term, we’ll learn about Chinese culture. (2) learn…. from“向…学习….；从….学到….” 如：我从Mike 那里学到了很多关于英国文化的知识。 I learn a lot about English culture from Mike. 11. How’s the weather in Nanjing? 南京的天气怎么样？ (1) 用于询问天气的句型： How is the weather…..? What’s the weather like …..? 昨天天气怎么样啊？ What was the weather like yesterday?/How was the weather yesterday? (2) It is often rainy in England.(对划线部分提问) How is the weather in England? 12. It is very cold and everyone has to wear thick warm clothes.天气非常冷，每个人都不得不穿厚的、暖和的衣服。 (1) everyone作不定代词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 如：听到这个信息，大家都很震惊。 Everyone was shocked when they heard the news. (2) 辨析 every one everyone everyone每人；人人，其后不可接介词of；而every one既可指人也可指物，后面可跟介词of 如：每个人都喜欢他。 Everyone likes him. Every one of us likes him. 语法精讲 简单句的五种基本句型 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下： S十V主谓结构 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 S十V十P主系表结构 主语 ＋ 连系动词 ＋ 表语 S十V十O主谓宾结构 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语 S十V十IO十DO 主谓双宾结构 S十V十IO十DO 主谓宾补结构 基本句型一： S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise, 基本句型二:  S十V十P主系表结构 常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) A. 表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear等。 B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn等。如： 基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构 这种句型中的动词是及物动词 如：我昨天看了一部电影。I saw a film yesterday. 他们把这些孩子照看好。They take good care of the children． 基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构 间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。 间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有： buy, choose, make, order, paint, play(演奏)， sing,等。  如：昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。 Yesterday her father __bought__ __her__ __a__ _bike__ as a birthday   present.   那个老人正在给孩子们讲故事 The old man is telling a story to the children 这种句型还可转换为： 动词 ＋ 直接宾语 ＋ for/ to sb.    如：请把你的画给我看一下。 Please show me your picture. ==Please _show_ _your_ _picture_ _to_ _me_.    我把盐递给他。 I __pass__ __him__the salt. = I __pass__the salt _to__ _him_.     基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 这种句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。类似的动词有：call（叫）, choose（选）, find（发现）, make, name, (命名) 如：请让孩子们安静下来。 Make _the children quiet__, please. 他们把门漆成绿色。 They painted __the_ __door__ _green__. 我们必须保持我们的学校洁净。   We must __keep__ _our_ _school__ _clean_.   他要我快点回来。 He asked me _to_ _come__ _back_ soon. 我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。__We find him a lazy person___.   例题精讲 判断句子类别（在括号里填入适当的序号） ( A) S+V (B) S+V+O (C)S+V+P (D) S+V+IO+DO (E)S+V+DO+OC ( C )1. You look beautiful ( B )2. I love reading ( E )3. The cat makes me happy. ( D )4. He often gives me some advice. ( C )5. She is dancing. ( E )6. I can hear him singing in the next door. ( B )7. You shouldn’t throw littler. ( C )8. He seems happy. ( B )9. I am reading an English book. ( E )10. She found an article interesting. 课堂练习 一、 用所给词的正确形式填空 1. In winter, the days get (short) and the nights get longer. 2. They fly away (find) a warm and sunny day. 3. What are you busy (do) these days? 4. Why did you buy him this present?--- (thank) his kindness. 5. (luck) , all of us passed the driving tests. 6. There are lots of (tour) in the snow. 7. All of them enjoy (skate). 8. He didn’t go to work because of his (ill). 9. Giant pandas like to live in a (nature) world. 10. China is one of the (large) countries. 11. She likes sleeping with windows (close) . 12. He is (terrible) ill. Let’s take him to hospital. . 13. The boss often makes the worker (work) over 12 hours every day. 14. It will be (rain) . You’d better take an umbrella. 15. I can’t see the blackboard (clear). 答案：1.shorter 2.to find 3. doing 4. To thank 5.Luckily 6.tourists 7.skating 8.illness 9.natural 10. largest 11.closed 12.terribly 13.work 14.rainy 15.clearly 二、单项选择 ( )1. ----What’s _______ the students in your school ? ----There are about 1,500. A. a number of B. the number of C. any number of D. numbers of ( )2. Yesterday, we had a great time _______ football. A. to play B. played C. play D. playing ( )3. It is ______ cold today and there is ______rain. A. too much…too much B. much too…much too C. too much…much too D. much too…too much ( )4 I usually ____a lot of time _______English. A. take, to read B. spend, to read C. take, reading D. spend, reading. ( )5. The old man lives _____,but he never feels _____. A. alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. lonely, lonely D. alone, alone 答案：1-5 BDDDA 三、词汇运用（根据首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子） 1 You can’t see stars on c_______ nights. 2 It is easy to fly kite on a sunny and r_______ day. 3 London has more f_______than any city in the world. 4 Our garden is full of bees and _________(蝴蝶) in spring. 5 Amy didn’t go to school yesterday because she c_______ a cold. 6 My grandpa can remember all of his old friends, so he has a good m_______. 7 Let me i________ Mr Green to you, Mum. 8 Jack did his homework c_______, so there were lots of mistakes. 9 We should face the _________(事实) when we have difficulty in our daily life. 10 Everyone should take part in p________ the wild animals. 答案：1.cloudy 2.rainy 3.fog 4.butterflies 5.caught 6.memory 7.introduce 8.carelessly 9.facts 10.protecting 课堂小结 课后作业 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The sun shines __________(bright). It is a _______(sun) day. 2. It was _______(fog) today. 3. The wind will blow __________(strong ) and _________(strong). 4. They had a hard time _________(work) in that village. 5. You should read at _______(little) ten pages of the book every day. 6. Winter is perfect for __________(skate) for children. 7. Please cut out the ___________(necessary) words. 8. _______(keep) healthy, I decide ________(exercise) half an hour a day. 9. We just saw some boys ________(get) out of the subway. 10. Look, the teenagers are making cards _________(show) love for their mothers. 11. The __________(travel) are planning to go to visit the Great Wall tomorrow. 12. This pen looks ___________ (shine) and beautiful, I think it must be more expensive than mine. 13. Please answer the ___________(follow) questions. 14. Jane, don’t forget ____________(turn) off the TV before going out. 15. The boy is too poor to go to school. He has to teach______________(he) at home. 答案：1.brightly；sunny 2.foggy 3.stronger；stronger 4.working 5.least 6. skating 7.unnecessary 8.To keep；to exercise 9.get 10.to show 11.will travel 12.shiny 13. following 14.to turn 15.himself 二、完形填空。 Two Englishmen were in Boston for a 1_ . One morning they went out 2 for a famous church, but they didn't know how to get there. They stopped a man and asked. “Excuse me, can you tell us the way 3 the North Church?” “Go three blocks and turn to your left," he said. “You can't 4 it.” So the Englishmen walked three blocks and turned to their left, but they didn't see 5 church. Then they asked 6 second man. “Excuse me, but we're trying 7 the North Church. " This one said, “Go three blocks and turn to your left.” But again they couldn't find the church. 8 the end they asked a third man, “Excuse me, could you tell us how 9 to the North Church?" ‘‘Go three blocks and turn to your left. You can't miss it. " They walked three blocks and turned to their left for a third time. This time they found the church. ‘‘Is everything in Boston three blocks and a left turn?" they asked 10 . Just then a man walked over to them. ¨Excuse me," the man said, Where is the East Park? Can you tell me?" “Go three blocks and turn to your left," one of the Englishmen said.“ You can't miss it. " 1. A. visitor B. visitors C. visit D. visiting 2. A. to look B. looked C. looking D. look 3. A. at B. in C. on D. to 4. A. load B. miss C. find . D. see 5. A. any B. some C. a D. the 6. A. an B. the C.a D./ 7. A. find B. to find C. finds D. found 8. A. For B. At C. With D. In 9. A. will get B. is getting C. to get D. gets 10. A. them B. they C. me D. themselves 答案：CADBA CBDCD 三、书面表达 幸福是什么呢?是下雨时妈妈送来的一把伞，是难过时朋友安慰的几句话，是帮助他人后会心的一笑，还是……其实幸福很简单，幸福就在你身边。请你以“Happiness”为题， 写一篇英语短文，让我们分享你的感受。词数：80左右。 这些词汇也许对你有帮助：treasure(v．珍惜)，comfort(v．安慰)，share(v．分享) Happiness _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$