Unit5 重点单词、短语、句子、考点归纳、语法动词不定式+同步练习 -2024-2025学年英语人教版八年级上册

Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show？ 1、 重点单词 八年级上U5知识点 1. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. sitcom n. (= situation comedy)情景喜剧 3. comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧片 4. news n. 新闻节目；新闻 5. cartoon n. 动画片；卡通片 6. film = movie n. 电影 7. discussion n. 讨论；商量 8. joke n. 笑话；玩笑 9. action n. 行动 10. culture n. 文化；文明 11. character n. 人物；角色 12. army n. 陆军；陆军部队 13. mind v. 介意；对（某事）烦恼 14. stand v.（stood）忍受；站立 15. plan v.&n. 打算；计划 16. hope v.&n. 希望 17. expect v. 预料；期待 18. happen v. 发生；出现 19. appear v. 出现 20. lose v. （lost）失去；丢失 21. become v. （became） 变成 22. rich adj. 富有的 23. successful adj 获得成功的； 24. educational adj. 有教育意义的 25. famous adj. 著名的；出名的 26. main adj. 主要的；最重要的 27. common adj. 普通的；常见的 28. unlucky adj. 不幸的；不吉利的 29. ready adj. 愿意的；准备好的 30. simple adj. 简单的；易做的 2、 3、 短语归纳 1. 2. soap opera 肥皂剧 3. situation comedy 情景喜剧 4. talk show 脱口秀；访谈节目 5. sports show 体育节目 6. game show 娱乐节目 7. talent show 达人秀 8. action movie 动作电影 9. have a discussion 进行讨论 10. watch news 看新闻 11. watch cartoons 看动画片 12. find out 找出；查清；查明 13. dress up 装扮；乔装打扮 14. be ready to do sth. 为···做准备 15. take sb’s place 代替；替换 16. do a good job 干的好 17. think of 想起；认为 18. think about 思考；考虑 19. as famous as... 和···一样著名 20. let sb. do sth.让某人干某事 21. plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事 22. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 23. expect (sb.) to do sth. 期待(某人)做某事 24. happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 25. try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大的努力做某事 26. try to do sth. 努力做某事 27. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 28. 4、 重点句子 1. What do you think of talk shows? 2. Do you plan to watch the news tonight? 3. They may not be very exciting, but you can expect to learn a lot from them. 4. One of main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face to any danger. 5. He always ready to try his best. 6. She dresses up like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army. 5、 考点归纳 1. don’t mind 不介意、不在乎 · mind v. 介意；在乎。 mind +n./pron./doing/从句（if/whether引导） Would you mind opening the door? Do you mind if I smoke here? · mind n. 想法;意见;精神;心 body and mind 身心 He always reads others’ mind. 拓展与mind 有关的短语 1　 make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事 2　 change one’s mind 改变某人的想法/主意 3　 keep... in mind 记住··· 4　 keep one’s mind on 专心于；专注于 5　 never mind 没关系，不要记在心上 2. can't stand无法忍受 · stand vt.容忍，忍受（=bear），尤其用于否定句或疑问句中，强调不喜欢，常与can\could等情态动词连用。 1　 can't stand sth. 不能忍受某物     2　 can't stand doing sth. 不能忍受做某事 3　 can't stand sb. doing sth. 不能忍受某人做某事 · stand vt.\vi.（使）站立，竖起 There stands a big tree on the top of the mountain. 山顶上有一颗大树。 【拓展】与stand相关的短语 1　 stand by站在一旁，袖手旁观 2　 stand for代表，象征 3　 stand out显眼，杰出，突出 4　 stand up起立 5　 stand in line排队 6　 stand up for支持，拥护 3. I like to follow the story and see what happens next.我喜欢跟随故事看接下来发生什么。 1) follow vt. 跟随 following adj. 接着的，其次的 follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事 Spring follows winter.冬去春来。 His mother followed him to see where he was going. 他妈妈跟着他，看他要去哪儿。 拓展 follow的其他用法： 1　 follow vt. 遵循，仿效: follow one's advice 听从某人的劝告 follow one's example 仿效某人 You should follow your teacher's advice and work hard. 你应该听老师的劝告，努力学习。 2　 follow vt. 听懂，听清 I'm afraid I can't follow you, sir. Could you please speak more slowly?  2) happen vi. "发生"，与take place同义。 I don't know how this happened. 我不知道这事是怎么发生的。 sth. happen+地点|时间状语    某地\时某地发生了某事 sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了什么事    A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她出了车祸。 sb. happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 He happened to meet a friend of his on the street yesterday afternoon. 辨析happen与take place 1　 happen指偶然的、计划外的事情发生What happened when you told him the news?你告诉他这个消息时,他有何反应？ 2　 take place指计划中的事情发生。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 4. Why do you like watching the news? 你为什么喜欢看新闻？ 1) news n. 不可数名词，新闻，新闻节目 No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 2) 与news有关的量词用piece： a piece of news 一则消息 two pieces of news 两则消息 【拓展】newspaper报纸（可数名词）: a daily newspaper 一份日报  a morning\ an evening newspaper 一份早晚报 辨析: look，see，watch与notice 1　 look 强调“看”的动作，是集中注意力，有意识的行为. Look! The bus is coming. 2　 see “看见，看到”，强调“看”的结果。 Can you see the UFO in the sky?  3　 watch “观看”，强调“专注地看”，含有欣赏的意味，多指看比赛、电视节目等. Do you often watch this TV program? 4　 notice “注意到；注意”，常指无意识的行为。 He passed by me without noticing me.  5. Because I hope to find out what's going on around the world. 因为我希望弄清楚全世界各地正在发生的事情。  1) hope v. 希望  hope to do sth. 希望做某事 hope+that从句 希望··· We hope to go to the moon one day. hope n. 希望 短语：in the hope of 希望做...... I studied hard in the hope of getting good grades. 辨析：expect, hope, wish与look forward to 1　 expect v. “期待、期望”，侧重于相信或认为有实现可能的愿望。expect + n. expect to do sth. expect sb. to do sth. We expect him to come to help us. 我们期望他来帮帮我们。 2　 hope n.&v. 表示主观上的愿望并对其实现抱有信心(比较容易实现的目标或愿望）。hope to do sth. hope+that从句 I hope to spend a year in America after I leave school.我希望毕业后在美国待一年。 注意：hope不可接“宾语+不定式”,不能说hope sb. to do 3　 wish n.&v. “但愿、希望”，表示某种未完成或不能完成的愿望。 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 wish + that从句祝愿··· We wish him to feel well again soon. 我们希望他早日康复。 4　 look forward to “盼望、期望”，常用于表示期望或向往某事，短语中to为介词，后+ n. / doing sth. We are looking forward to seeing you soon.  我们盼望早日见到你。 2) find out查明，弄清   look for寻找 6. But you can expect to learn a lot from them. 但是你可以期望从它们中学到很多东西 expect 意为“期待，期望”，其具体用法如下： 1　 expect+名词/代词，期待··· We should not expect success overnight. 我们不应该期望一夜之间就取得成功。 2　 expect to do sth. 预计做某事 I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没料到在这里碰到你。 3　 expect sb.to do sth. 期待某人做某事 He expected her to go with him.他期望她同他一起去。 4　 expect that...预计.... I don’t expect that he will do such a thing. 我预料他不会干出这种事来。 7. meaningless adj.毫无意义的，意思不明确的 【拓展】 meaning  n.意义，含义，重要性 meaningful adj.有意义的，意义深长的 mean v. 意味着，打算 mean to do打算做，想要做 mean doing sth.意味着 8. He became very rich and successful.他变得既富有又成功。 become   变得；变成，可直接跟形容词或名词作表语。She wants to become a teacher.她想要成为一名教师。 【辨析】become，get 1　 become比get正式，一般指身体、职位的变化，作瞬间动词时，指状态的变化。 2　 get后多接比较级，指人的感情、身体状况、自然或社会的变化。Her health is getting better. 她的健康正在好转。  9. She dresses up like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army.她打扮得像个男孩一样并且代替她的爸爸在军队里打仗。 1) dress up “乔装打扮”。 dress sb. up/dress up sb.意为“盛装打扮某人”。dress up as sb./sth.装扮成某人或某物 The shop assistant often dresses up as the Pleasant Goat to invite the children to come in. 那个店员经常扮成喜羊羊邀请孩子们到店里来。 dress up in+服装等名词 穿上...... She dressed up in a red skirt for an important party.她穿上一条红裙子出席重要的宴会。 2) take one’s place “坐某人的座位，代替某人的职位，取代某人成为...”，相当于take the place of sb. Our math teacher can't come to give the lesson,so Mr.Wang will take her place to give the lesson. 我们的数学老师不能来上课，因此王老师将代替她给我们上课。 10.  When this cartoon came out in New York on November 18, 1928, it was the first cartoon with sound and music. 当这部卡通片于1928年11月18日在纽约上映时，它是第一部有配音和音乐的卡通片。 come out “出版；发行”。 His new book will come out next month. 他的新书下个月出版。 come out的其他用法： · 出现；出来 Oh, look. The sun’s come out. 噢，瞧，太阳出来了。 · 开花；盛开 The monthly roses will come out soon. 月季花很快就要开花了。 五、语法——动词不定式：动词不定式的基本形式： to + do （有时to可以省略）；否定形式为： not to do。(动词不定式在句子中不能独立充当谓语, 没有人称和数的变化。) 1. 用作宾语  (v.  +  to do ) need to do sth. learn to do sth. agree to do sth. plan to do sth. decide to do sth. refuse to do sth. begin to do sth. start to do sth. try to do sth. like /love to do sth. prepare to do sth. promise to do sth. want/would like to do sth. hope to do sth. mange to do sth. choose to do sth. expect to do sth. hate to do sth. prefer to do sth. continue to do  sth. find/think it +adj. + to do sth. 2. 用作宾语补足语：(v. + sb. + to do ) want/would like sb. to do sth. wish sb. to do sth. order sb. to do sth. advise sb. to do sth. ask sb. to do sth. teach sb. to do sth. tell sb. to do sth. invite sb to do sth. · 作宾语补足语不带to 的情况： (感官动词后若跟v-ing表示动作正在进行。 ） · 一感：feel sb. do sth. · 二听：listen to sb. do sth. hear sb. do sth. · 三让: let/make/have sb. do sth. · 四看: see/watch /observe/ look at + sb. do sth. · 半帮助：help sb. (to) do sth. 3. 用作主语： 动词不定式在句中作主语时, 除了直接作主语外，常放在:  1　 It is ＋adj．(for sb.)＋to do sth.   侧重于评价事儿怎么样 It’s easy for me to learn English. 2　 It is ＋adj．(of sb.)＋to do sth. 侧重于评价人怎么样 It’s kind of you to give me a hand. 3　 It is +n. +to do sth. 做某事是··· It is our duty to look after the old. 照顾老人是我们的责任。 4. 疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可构成不定式短语, 在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。 · When to start has not been decided. (主语) · I don’t know what to do. (宾语) · He can tell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语) · The question is who(m) to ask. (表语) 5. 用作状语(adverbial)： · He came to show me his new CD player. (目的) · I went there to see my teacher. (目的) · She came back to get her English book. (目的) · The boy was too frightened to move. (结果) 6. 用作定语 (这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词, 介词不能省略) · Give me something to drink.  · I have two books to read.  · They have much food to eat.  · I don’t have a pen to write with.  · He bought a toy to play with. · He asked for a room to live in.  7. 动词后既可以用to do也可以用doing · 两个开始更喜欢: start begin prefer · 爱憎分明要继续：love like hate continue · 后悔停止记了忘：regret stop remember forget · 努力尝试有打算：try mean 1　 start to do sth= start doing sth. begin to do sth. =begin doing sth. 2　 prefer to do sth.=prefer doing sth. 3　 like to do sth.=like doing sth. love to do sth.= love doing sth. 4　 hate to do sth.= hate doing sth. 5　 continue to do sth.=continue doing sth. 继续做某事 6　 regret to do sth.遗憾要做...（实际未做） regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（已做） 7　 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事 8　 remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth. 记住做过某事 9　 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 10　 try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 11　 mean to do sth. 打算做... mean doing sth.意味着... 练习题：动词不定式作宾语 1.Each of us was ready _____ those who were in trouble/ A.for help     B.helping C.to help      D.to helping 2.---I ______ it out in this way,but I failed. ---Why ______ it in another way? A.tired to work; not try doing B.tired to work; not try to do C.tried working; not try to do D.try to work; not try doing 3.Sally plans _____ after finishing her homework. A.to watch TV B.going shopping C.to having breakfast D.drink coffee 4.Try to sing more English songs,and you will find it interesting ______ a foreign language. A.learn  B.learns  C.learning  D.to learn 5.We want ______ here for Chinese New Year. A.stay  B.to stay  C.stayed  D.staying 6.There are so many kinds of watches in the shop. We can’t decide ________. A.what to buy    B.to buy what C.which to buy  D.to buy which 7.They stopped _______, but there was no sound. A.listen      B.listening C.to listen  D.to listening 8.The little boy hoped _____ a new toy from his father on his birthday. A.getting  B.gets  C.to get  D.got 9.It’ s necessary for us ______ to our parents when we have problems. A.to talk  B.talking  C.talk  D.told 10.His mother often tells him ______ too much time planing games. A.not to spend  B.don’t spend C.spends           D.spending 11.My friend invited me ____ the art club,and I accepted it with pleasure. A.join  B.to join  C.joined  D.joining 12.We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A.nor leave    B.not to leave C.leave          D.to leave 13.--What do you usually do in the morning? --I often practice ______English. A.speak          B.to speak C.speaking     D.spoke 14.He promised _______ his old friend during his stay in Tianjiang. A.see  B.seeing  C.saw  D.to see 15.You can’t expect _______ (learn) Japanese well in a few days. 16 .His daughter is learning ______ (play) the piano. $$