专题05 阅读理解（说明文+议论文）-【好题汇编】备战2025年高中学业水平合格考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）

专题05阅读理解（说明文+议论文） （一） （2024·北京）There’s a famous story about NASA and the Russian space programme. It is said that NASA spent millions of dollars developing a pen that would write in space. The Russians, on the other hand, just used a pencil. This story isn’t true, but it helps illustrate the usefulness of pencils. The earliest form of the pencil was a metal stick that was used by the Romans. The pencil that we know, however, got its start in England in 1564. In that year, farmers in a county north of London discovered graphite (石墨), which they called “black lead” and used to mark sheep. There was only one problem: the graphite blackened their hands and clothes. To prevent this from happening, they covered sheep skin around graphite sticks. The Italians finally thought of putting the graphite into a wooden holder. At first, they dug out wood and slid the graphite in. Later, though, they put the graphite between two pieces of wood and glued the wood together. Then, in 1662, some Germans learned how to use powdered (粉末的) graphite and began mass-producing pencils. The next major development occurred in the mid-18th century, when war broke out between England and France. Since England had the only source of graphite, France was unable to import the mineral. This led a Frenchman to mix clay (黏土) with the graphite powder that he had. By changing the amount of graphite in the mixture, he could control the hardness and darkness of the pencil. The HB (Hardness and Blackness) system of pencils was thus born. Soon after that, pencils were produced in large numbers and became common everywhere. Pencils are primarily used to write, but they can serve in other roles too. For example, rub a pencil over a newly- bought key to ensure that it slides easily into a lock. This method also works with zippers (拉链) that are repeatedly getting stuck. Additionally, use it as a replacement for a ruler to help you draw straight lines. Today, more than 15 billion pencils are made each year. For many, the pencil is their preferred choice for a writing tool. Its design may have changed throughout the years, yet its usefulness has allowed it to continue making a mark on our lives. 1．What does the story about the Russian space programme help to show? A．The darkness of pencils. B．The weakness of pencils. C．The hardness of pencils. D．The usefulness of pencils. 2．Who were the first to think of putting the graphite into a wooden holder? A．Italians. B．Germans. C．Englishmen. D．Frenchmen. 3．What made pencils become common everywhere? A．The outbreak of a war. B．The use of glued wood. C．The birth of the HB system. D．The import of the graphite. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The effect of pencils. B．The history of pencils. C．The design of pencils. D．The variety of pencils. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了铅笔的历史、发展、用途及其在人们生活中的持续影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“This story isn’t true, but it helps illustrate the usefulness of pencils.(这个故事不是真的，但它有助于说明铅笔的有用性)”可知，关于俄罗斯太空计划的故事有助于展示铅笔的用处。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Italians finally thought of putting the graphite into a wooden holder.(意大利人最后想到了把石墨放进一个木架里)”可知，意大利人是第一个想到把石墨放进木架里的人。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The HB (Hardness and Blackness) system of pencils was thus born. Soon after that, pencils were produced in large numbers and became common everywhere.(HB（硬度和黑度）铅笔系统就这样诞生了。此后不久，铅笔大量生产，并在各地变得普遍)”可知，让铅笔变得无处不在的是HB系统的诞生。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“The earliest form of the pencil was a metal stick that was used by the Romans.(最早的铅笔是罗马人使用的一根金属棒)”和最后一段“Today, more than 15 billion pencils are made each year. For many, the pencil is their preferred choice for a writing tool. Its design may have changed throughout the years, yet its usefulness has allowed it to continue making a mark on our lives.(如今，每年生产的铅笔超过150亿支。对许多人来说，铅笔是他们首选的书写工具。随着时间的推移，它的设计可能会发生变化，但它的实用性使它继续在我们的生活中留下印记)”可知，本文介绍了铅笔的历史、发展、用途及其在人们生活中的持续影响。由此可知，B选项“The history of pencils.(铅笔的历史)”能够概括文章主旨。故选B。 （二） （2024·广东）Have you ever drawn pictures on your notebooks when you are siting in class? If so, your teacher might have told you to stop. Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite. One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009, researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group was encouraged to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that they would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29% more. Other people suggest other uses for doodling. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you will have a fresh idea and get an answer more quickly. An author named Sunni Brown wrote a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that. In fact, she owns a business that helps companies improve management effectiveness through doodling. Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four. You might think that being good at drawing is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it does’t matter what the picture looks like. Even if you are not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need to focus, pick up a pen and doodle away. 5．What does the last sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest? A．Drawing might be allowed in class. B．Drawing is the first step to doodle. C．Doodling might help students focus. D．Doodling is popular with students 6．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph4 refers to the fact that __________ A．doodling can help people think B．Sunni Brown does business by doodling C．people consider doodling as doing nothing D．Sunni Brown wrote a book about doodling 7．According to the last two paragraphs, doodling __________. A．helps people become better learners B．is useless in listening to a lecture C．requires very good drawing skills D．does not attract any artists 8．The purpose of the passage is to __________. A．do research by doodling B．solve problems by doodling C．help people learn how to doodle D．introduce the benefits of doodling 9．In which section of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? A．Health. B．Education. C．Technology. D．Economy. 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文，主要介绍了涂鸦（doodling）的积极作用。文章通过研究和专家的观点，阐述了涂鸦不仅不会分散注意力，反而有助于记忆、创造性思维和学习。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“ Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite.（很多人认为涂鸦可能使你分心。但结果可能是相反的）”推知，这句话表明涂鸦可能帮助学生集中注意力。故选C。 6．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“ She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that . （她承认人们把涂鸦看作无所事事，但她想改变那个（看法））”可知，“that”指代上文提到的“人们认为涂鸦是无所事事”这件事。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning.（布朗相信涂鸦有助于学习，因为它包含了多种学习方式）”可知，涂鸦有助于人们成为更好的学习者，因为它结合了多种学习方式，如看、听、读和写。故选A。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段中“ Many people think doodling (胡写乱画)may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite.(很多人认为涂鸦可能使你分心。但结果可能是相反的)”，以及第二段中“ One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear.（涂鸦可能有助于你记住你所听到的）”，第三段中“ Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. (Jesse Prinz，一位研究涂鸦的教授，说涂鸦能帮助你进行创造性思维)”等内容可知，文章的目的是介绍涂鸦的好处。故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是倒数第二段“Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four.(布朗相信涂鸦有助于学习，因为它包含了多种学习方式。你从四个方面进行学习：看，听，读和写。运用的方法越多，你就学得越好。当你在听讲座时涂鸦，你就运用了所有的四种方法)”可知，本段提到了涂鸦对学习的帮助，可以推断这篇文章很可能出现在报纸的教育版块。故选B。 （三） （2023·江苏）Do you know how many kinds of breakfast cereal (麦片) there are in my local supermarket? 165 kinds! That’s just one product. Think about all the varieties of biscuits, yoghourt, and chocolate bars. We have so much choice these days. It’s unbelievable! So all this choice must be a good thing, right? It makes us happier, right? Well, not necessarily. People like the idea of having a choice, and many people think more choice must be a good thing. But, in fact, too much choice can cause us problems. If there are too many different things to choose from, we can’t know what to choose. If you offer me a choice of three cookies, I can decide quickly which one I want. But if you offer me a choice of 33 cookies, my brain crashes. Another problem with too much choice is that we think there must be the perfect cookie somewhere. The fact is, there isn’t — so when we have spent half an hour deciding which cookie we want, we feel dissatisfied, because it’s not as good as expected. It’s not cookie perfection. And then we begin to regret all the other cookies we didn’t choose, thinking one of them might have been better. So there can be such a thing as too much choice. We need to recognize that while some choice is good, too much can leave us at a loss. We should focus on being pleased with what we choose. I am going to remember this next time I’m offered a cookie — choose one and enjoy it! 10．What is the purpose of paragraph 1? A．To sell a product. B．To express surprise. C．To introduce the topic. D．To answer a question. 11．What problem can too much choice cause? A．Difficulty in choosing. B．Worry about health. C．A careless decision. D．A loss of memory. 12．The underlined part “It’s not cookie perfection” probably means ________. A．we can’t make good cookies B．there’s no perfect choice C．we are pleased with all cookies D．the cookie doesn’t taste delicious 13．How will the writer solve the problem of too much choice according to the last paragraph? A．Recognize the perfect. B．Make a quick choice. C．Ignore what is offered. D．Enjoy what is chosen. 【答案】10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过提出超市商品种类繁多这一现象，引发了对选择过多可能带来的问题的讨论。作者分析了过多选择可能导致的难以决策、不满足感以及后悔等问题，并提出了应专注于对所选择的东西感到满意的观点。 10．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Do you know how many kinds of breakfast cereal (麦片) there are in my local supermarket? 165 kinds! That’s just one product. Think about all the varieties of biscuits, yoghourt, and chocolate bars. We have so much choice these days. It’s unbelievable! (你知道我们当地的超市里有多少种早餐麦片吗？165种！这只是一种产品。想想各种各样的饼干、酸奶和巧克力棒。现在我们有太多选择了。这是难以置信的！)”可知，作者对于现在有这么多的选择感到惊讶，并通过列举超市中的麦片种类来引出后文关于选择过多的讨论。因此，第一段的目的是引入话题。故正确答案为C。 11．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“If there are too many different things to choose from, we can’t know what to choose. (如果有太多不同的东西可供选择，我们就不知道该选什么。)”可知，过多的选择会造成的问题是难以选择。故正确答案为A。 12．词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“The fact is, there isn’t — so when we have spent half an hour deciding which cookie we want, we feel dissatisfied, because it’s not as good as expected. (事实并非如此——所以当我们花了半个小时来决定我们想要哪块饼干时，我们会感到不满意，因为它没有预期的那么好。)”可知，当我们花了半个小时决定想要哪种饼干时，我们会感到不满意，因为它不如预期的好。因此，“It’s not cookie perfection”的意思是没有完美的选择，而不是我们不能做好饼干、我们对所有饼干都很满意或饼干味道不好。A. we can’t make good cookies我们做不出好的饼干；B. there’s no perfect choice没有完美的选择；C. we are pleased with all cookies我们对所有的饼干都很满意；D. the cookie doesn’t taste delicious饼干味道不好。故正确答案为B。 13． 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“We need to recognize that while some choice is good, too much can leave us at a loss. We should focus on being pleased with what we choose. I am going to remember this next time I’m offered a cookie — choose one and enjoy it! (我们需要认识到，虽然有些选择是好的，但太多的选择会让我们不知所措。我们应该专注于对我们的选择感到满意。下次有人给我饼干的时候，我一定要记住这一点——选一个，享受它！)”可知，作者认为我们应该专注于对自己所选择的东西感到满意，并在下次被提供饼干时选择一个并享受它。因此，作者解决选择过多问题的方法是享受所选择的，而不是认识到完美、快速做出选择或忽略所提供的内容。故正确答案为D。 （四） （2023·江苏）You drove ten hours to your aunt’s house, and you’re ready to get some sleep in the guest room. But though you’re so tired, sleep just doesn’t come. You turn from side to side in bed all night. And finally, when you do fall asleep, you wake up just an hour later. It’s so easy to fall asleep in your own bed. So why can’t you sleep well here? Martha Hotz Vitaterna, a brain scientist, knows all about this problem. “In some sleep research circles, this is called the “first night effect”, she says. “People do not sleep well the first night. There is less slow brainwave activity, meaning not as much time in deep sleep. In animal studies, we see this phenomenon (现象) as well.” The fact that this happens in other animals, too, makes scientists think that bad sleep in new places is the result of a very old process inside your brain. It may date back to the time long before humans evolved (进化). When you’re in your own bed, your brain knows it’s home and you will be safe. It can relax and fall into a deep, healthy sleep. But when you sleep in an unfamiliar place, your brain stays slightly attentive to make sure no dangers are nearby. Even familiar sounds still make you worried. What’s that? Is it dangerous? It wakes up the brain to keep you ready to escape if you need to. But there’s good news: for most people, after just one or two nights in a new place, our anxious brains start to feel safe again. And finally we can have a full night of sleep. 14．What is the “first night effect”? A．Poor sleep on the first night. B．Less rapid brainwave activity. C．Long deep sleep all night. D．Good habit of sleeping. 15．From paragraph 3 we know that bad sleep in new places ________. A．brings danger to health B．exists only in humans C．has bad effects on the brain D．has a very long history 16．Why is it harder to sleep in new places? A．There are real dangers nearby. B．New beds feel uncomfortable. C．People feel unsafe and worried. D．The brain stops working normally. 17．What’s good news for most people? A．Brains no longer feel safe. B．They will have a quick mind. C．They can finally sleep well. D．Unfamiliar sounds disappear. 【答案】14．A 15．D 16．C 17．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，讲述了人在新的环境中无法安然入眠的“第一晚效应。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Martha Hotz Vitaterna, a brain scientist, knows all about this problem. “In some sleep research circles, this is called the “first night effect”, she says.People do not sleep well the first night(脑科学家Martha Hotz Vitaterna对这个问题了如指掌。她说，在一些睡眠研究圈子里，这被称为“第一晚效应”。人们在第一个晚上睡不好。)”可知此处的第一晚效应指的是一个人到了一个陌生地方以后睡眠不好的问题。故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The fact that this happens in other animals, too, makes scientists think that bad sleep in new places is the result of a very old process inside your brain. It may date back to the time long before humans evolved (进化).(这种情况也发生在其他动物身上，这让科学家们认为，新地方的睡眠不好是大脑中一个非常古老的过程的结果。它可以追溯到人类进化之前很久。)”可知新地方的睡眠不好是大脑中一个非常古老的过程的结果，它可以追溯到人类进化之前很久，因此有着悠久的历史。故选D项。 16．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But when you sleep in an unfamiliar place, your brain stays slightly attentive to make sure no dangers are nearby. Even familiar sounds still make you worried. What’s that? Is it dangerous? It wakes up the brain to keep you ready to escape if you need to.(但是当你在一个不熟悉的地方睡觉时，你的大脑会保持轻微的注意力，以确保附近没有危险。即使是熟悉的声音也会让你担心。那是什么？危险吗？它会唤醒大脑，让你在需要的时候做好逃跑的准备。)”可知人们到了一个新地方以后会感到不安全和担心，所以会睡眠不好。故选C项。 17．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But there’s good news: for most people, after just one or two nights in a new place, our anxious brains start to feel safe again. And finally we can have a full night of sleep.(但好消息是：对大多数人来说，在一个新地方呆上一两个晚上后，我们焦虑的大脑就会再次感到安全。最后我们可以有一个完整的睡眠。)”可知对于大多数人来说好消息是几天之后他们最终会有一个很好的睡眠。故选C项。 （五） （2022·陕西）A teenager needs to have a sense of independence in their life to feel secure (安全的). To some teenagers independence means a lot to them, and I think that some parents don’t allow their teenagers enough independence. Independence has something to do with freedom. Some kids are not allowed to go anywhere alone, and the only thing their schedule includes is going to school, coming home, going to sleep, and repeating the process the next day. Parents tend to be afraid that their kids can get hurt if they go outside into the world. But if parents control their kids too much, they may never learn to live on their own. The best way for a teenager to learn lesson is through experience. I think it is beneficial for teenagers to have freedom. Teenagers’ lack of freedom can also stop them from having good friendship at school. Some might say this is a good thing, because it helps them focus more on their school work. I argue that this can only discourage them not to do their school work. Some parents do not allow their children to be around their friends outside the school, thinking that this will get them into trouble. But I don’t think so. Instead, isn’t this a good reason for parents to get their children a cellphone? Cellphones allow teenagers to stay in touch with their parents, and communicate with friends. Privacy is another issue between parents and their teenagers. Teenagers tend to enjoy relaxation by themselves in their own room. This also gives them a sense of independence. It often annoys teenagers when their parents enter their room when they are not home. I know that my mom always goes in my room when I’m not home, and this has brought me to the point where I have asked many times to get a lock on my door. 18．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．It benefits teenagers to have freedom. B．Some parents allow their kids no freedom. C．Kids know how to live independently. D．Kids have a dull routine every day 19．In the opinion of the author, ________ . A．it is unnecessary for a kid to have a cellphone B．kids should focus on the school work C．parents should make it easy for kids to communicate with their friends D．good friendships between kids harm their school work 20．How do teenagers usually feel when their parents enter their rooms in their absence? A．Angry B．Lucky C．Disappointed D．Calm 21．The author hopes to have her door locked in order to________. A．keep her father from reading her dairy B．stop thieves from going in C．protect herself from any harm D．prevent her mother entering her room 【答案】18．A 19．C 20．A 21．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲的是独立对青少年很重要，然而许多父母没有让孩子有足够的独立，独立与自主有关，青少年有自由是有益的，青少年缺乏自由会影响孩子在学校建立良好的友谊，此外，有自己的隐私空间会给青少年一种独立感。 18．主旨大意题。由第二段“Independence has something to do with freedom. Some kids are not allowed to go anywhere alone, and the only thing their schedule includes is going to school, coming home, going to sleep, and repeating the process the next day. Parents tend to be afraid that their kids can get hurt if they go outside into the world.(独立与自由有关。有些孩子不被允许单独去任何地方，他们唯一的日程安排就是上学、回家、睡觉，然后第二天重复这个过程。父母往往害怕他们的孩子如果走到外面的世界会受伤。)”以及本段后面内容可知，作者提出独立与自由有关，他指出很多父母过分控制自己的孩子，这样孩子永远不可能学会独立，因此第二段主要讲的是拥有自由对青少年有好处。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, isn’t this a good reason for parents to get their children a cellphone? Cellphones allow teenagers to stay in touch with their parents, and communicate with friends.(相反，这难道不是父母给孩子买手机的一个好理由吗？手机让青少年与父母保持联系，并与朋友交流。)”可知，作者认为父母应该让孩子和他们的朋友交流变得容易。故选C。 20．推理判断题。根据第四段“It often annoys teenagers when their parents enter their room when they are not home.(当青少年不在家的时候，父母进入他们的房间，这常常会惹恼他们。)”可知，当父母在他们不在的时候进入他们的房间时，青少年通常会觉得生气，故选A。 21．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I know that my mom always goes in my room when I’m not home, and this has brought me to the point where I have asked many times to get a lock on my door.(我知道我妈妈总是在我不在家的时候进入我的房间，这让我不得不多次要求给我的门上一把锁。)”可知，作者希望锁门是为了不让自己的妈妈进入自己的房间。故选D。 （六） （2023·浙江）Recycling is a great way of doing your bit for the environment and helping to protect the earth’s precious resources. However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. David Heaton, a business director at Biffa, said: “Pollution happens when items are disposed of in the wrong bins or haven’t been cleaned before being recycled.” Experts at Biffa analyzed the amounts of non-target and non-recyclable materials that entered UK material recycling facilities between 2016 and 2020. It was found that, in 2016, the average pollution rate of recycling waste was 13.4 percent, rising over four years to 17 percent by the end of 2020. This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses. The Biffa experts say that one of the best ways to prevent pollution of recycling is to clean recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. They suggest cutting off the top of old pizza boxes and only recycling that part to avoid pollution from the grease (油脂). Check the on-packaging recycling label to check it can actually be recycled When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. In general, resin codes 1, 2, 4 and 5 are recyclable, while 3, 6 and 7 are not. Larger items, like electronics, furniture and batteries, can also be recycled but often can not go in household recycling bins as they need specialist separating. These will need to be taken to recycling centers or sustainable waste management companies. “It’s vital as a nation that we get better at effective ‘pre-cycling’— sorting waste correctly before collection to reduce pollution rates,” added Mr. Heaton. 22．What’s the truth of “wish-cycling” according to the first paragraph? A．The desire to lead a sustainable life. B．The good intention to help recycling. C．The habit of throwing items that end up in landfills. D．The practice of recycling items that can not be recycled. 23．What has experts at Biffa concluded after their analysis? A．People are becoming more eco-conscious. B．Wish-cycling is on the rise in recent years. C．Pollution happens less frequently in recycling facilities. D．People are used to cleaning recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. 24．Which of the following is a proper way of recycling? A．Dispose of electronics together with household waste. B．Skip the step of checking the on-packaging recycling label. C．Check the resin code of plastics to see whether it is recyclable or not. D．Cutoff the top of old pizza box and throw the rest to the recycling bin. 25．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Recycling: a Big Project B．Wish-cycling: a New Trend C．Wish-cycling: a Growing Concern D．Pre-cycling: an Effective Method 【答案】22．B 23．B 24．C 25．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“希望循环”所带来的问题，同时文章就如何正确回收提出建议。 22．推理判断题。根据第一段中“However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good.(然而，一项新的研究表明，我们对可持续发展的渴望可能弊大于利)”和“this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. (这是因为“希望循环”——认为一次性咖啡杯和比萨饼盒等物品如果放入回收箱就会被回收)”可知，“希望循环”的真相是人们认为把垃圾扔进回收箱就会被回收。由此可推知，这是一种帮助回收利用的好意。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据第二段中“This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses.(这表明，尽管人们越来越注重环保，但在家庭和企业中，“希望循环”的数量都在增加)”可知，近年来，“希望循环”的数量正在不断增加。故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. (当谈到塑料时，Biffa建议检查树脂代码，即塑料三角形中的数字，以了解它是否应该放入回收箱)”可知，检查塑料的树脂代码，看看它是否可回收，这是合适的回收方法，故选C。 25．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. (然而，一项新的研究表明，我们对可持续发展的渴望可能弊大于利。据废品处理公司 Biffa 称，这是因为“希望循环”——假设一次性咖啡杯和比萨饼盒等物品如果放入回收箱就会被回收利用。事实上，来自这些物品或其他不可回收物品的污染会导致已经放入正确垃圾箱的可回收物品被送往垃圾填埋场)”可知，文章主要讲述了“希望回收”所带来的问题，同时文章就如何正确回收提出建议，由此可推知，C项“希望循环：一个日益关注的问题”适合做文章标题。故选C。 （七） （2023·辽宁）More and more people are using crowd-funding to pay for their projects and create new products. Crowdfunding is when a per-son or business gets many small payments from a large number of people. Usually, the way to do this is to use the Internet. In-stead of trying to get a few people to give thousands of dollars, you get hundreds of people, maybe thousands, to give a few dollars. But this is still not easy. You want people to see the value of your idea. How will you get them to give the dollars they earn to you? *Successful projects are those that got the money they wanted. There are websites that make this opportunity possible. Kickstarter and GoGet-Funding are popular. You create a short video to explain your project. The most important part is getting your message across. Just because you’ve made your idea known doesn’t mean you will get the money you need. You still need to sell your idea. Many people begin by explaining what the product is and then telling why people need it. For example, one of the most popular crowdfunded products is a watch. The Pebble watch connects with in-formation on a smartphone that will send information to the watch. More than 65,000 people gave money for this product.Crowdfunding raised $10.3 million for it.However, it’s not just products that people use crowdfunding for. People use it for their music, film, art, or writing projects. Projects usually get from 25 to 40 per-cent of their money from crowdfunding sites. Who is giving all the money? When people need money, they often ask their friends and family. Crowdfunding often works the same way, but once you create your video and message, your friends share it with their friends. If you’ve created a message that people can connect to, you get many more people to give. Why do these people give? First, there is the “feel-good” factor. Giving money makes people feel good. Second, many small businesses offer rewards to people. Third, sometimes the reward is simply getting to use the product. And this is part of the success of crowdfunding. You could make a difference. 26．Where do people usually get crowdfunding? A．In newspapers. B．On the Internet. C．On the streets. D．In shopping centers. 27．Which project type is the least successful according to the Bar Graph? A．Art. B．Music. C．Publishing. D．Film and video. 28．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．People use crowdfunding only for products. B．The Pebble watch sends information to the smartphone. C．You can post a short video for crowd-funding on Kickstarter. D．You will get the money you need once you get your message across. 29．People give money to crowdfunding projects because of the reasons EXCEPT . A．They feel great B．They will receive praise C．They can use the product D．They will get some rewards 30．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To give advice on crowdfunding. B．To persuade people to give money. C．To help people to get more money. D．To give an introduction to crowd-funding. 【答案】26．B 27．C 28．C 29．B 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了众筹——一种利用互联网平台发布筹款项目来筹集资金的商业模式。 26．细节理解题，根据第一段中“Usually, the way to do this is to use the Internet.”（通常，这样做的方法是使用互联网。）可知，人们通常通过互联网进行众筹。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据柱状图可知，出版行业的成功众筹项目数量最少。故选C。 28．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“There are websites that make this opportunity possible. Kickstarter and GoGet-Funding are popular. You create a short video to explain your project.”（有一些网站可以让这个机会成为可能。Kickstarter和GoGet-Funding很受欢迎。你可以制作一个简短的视频来解释你的项目。）可知，Kickstarter 和GoGetFunding是两个很受欢迎的众筹网站，你可以创建一个简短的视频给这两个网站解释你的项目。故选C。 29．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Why do these people give? First, there is the “feel-good” factor. Giving money makes people feel good. Second, many small businesses offer rewards to people. Third, sometimes the reward is simply getting to use the product.”（为什么这些人要捐赠?首先是“感觉良好”的因素。给钱让人感觉很好。其次，许多小企业会给员工提供奖励。第三，有时候奖励仅仅是使用产品。）可知，人们把钱给众筹项目是因为：一“自我感觉良好”因素，二许多小企业会给人们回报，三可以使用该产品，而并非会受到表扬。故选B。 30．主旨大意题。第一段提到“More and more people are using crowd-funding to pay for their projects and create new products. Crowdfunding is when a per-son or business gets many small payments from a large number of people.”（越来越多的人使用众筹来支付他们的项目和创造新产品。众筹是指个人或企业从大量的人那里获得许多小额付款。）并且通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了众筹这一筹集资金的模式。故选D。 （八） （2023·辽宁）For centuries, the power of Chinese emperors rose and fell with their control of the Grand Canal. Today, this waterway is shorter than it once was, but it is still the longest man-made river in the world. Importantly, the Grand Canal continues to provide a significant cultural and economic link for modern China. The  original  canal  system  began around the year 605. China’s Emperor Yang realized that he needed a better way to move food quickly to his army from China’s southern rice-growing region to the country’s north. So about one million people-mostly farmers-worked on the construction of the first section of the Grand Canal, which took six years. Over the next 500 years, the canal’s importance grew. However, by 1127 , parts had begun to deteriorate. In 1279, Kublai Khan began to repair and build new parts of the canal, which created a more direct north-south route to and from Beijing. Future rulers continued to expand and improve the waterway, and it eventually became an important national lifeline. In addition to moving rice around China, the Grand Canal was an important cultural connection. Soldiers, businessmen,and artists transported ideas, regional foods, and cultural practices from one part of China to another. According to ancient stories, this is how Beijing acquired two of its best-known trademarks. Peking duck,a dish from Shandong Province, and the Peking opera, from Anhui and Hubei regions,were both brought north by the canal. For more than a thousand years, goods have been transported along the Grand Canal.Even today, the country’s watery highway plays an important economic role in China. Boats continue to carry tons of goods. In addition, local governments-eager to in-crease tourism and real estate (房地产) development-are beautifying areas along the canal. In 2005, a group of citizens proposed that the historic Grand Canal be made a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was officially granted (批准) in 2014. The hope now is that the Grand Canal-one of the world’s great engineering achievements -will continue to link north and south China for centuries to come. 31．Why was the Grand Canal originally built? A．To enable more people to visit distant parts of China. B．To allow the army to move quickly from the north to the south. C．To promote the cultural and traditional connection of south China. D．To transport food from the southern regions of China to the north. 32．What is NOT true about the Grand Canal? A．It took six years to complete its first section. B．Even today, it is the longest man-made river in the world. C．Around a million people worked on the first part of the canal. D．It allowed Peking duck and the Peking opera to spread to southern China. 33．What does the uderlined word “deteriorate” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Get worse. B．Get destroyed. C．Get shorter. D．Get repaired. 34．What might be the best heading for Paragraph 4? A．Renewed Importance. B．Cultural Connections. C．The Army’s Highway. D．The Origins of the Peking Opera. 35．What happened to the Grand Canal in 2014? A．Construction of the Canal began. B．New parts of the Canal were built. C．The Grand Canal became a World Heritage Site. D．The Grand Canal was proposed as a UNESCO Heritage Site. 【答案】31．D 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大运河的发展历史和意义，以及在当代所遭受的破坏和人们为保护大运河所做的努力。 31．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The original canal system began around the year 605. China’s Emperor Yang realized that he needed a better way to move food quickly to his army from China’s southern rice-growing region to the country’s north.(最初的运河系统大约始于605年。中国的隋炀帝意识到，他需要一种更好的方式，将粮食从中国南部的水稻种植区快速运送到北方的军队。)”可知，大运河最初是为把食物从中国的南方运送到北方而修建的。故选 D。 32．细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to ancient stories, this is how Beijing acquired two of its best-known trademarks. Peking duck, a dish from Shandong Province, and the Peking opera, from Anhui and Hubei regions, were both brought north by the canal. (根据古老的故事，北京就是这样获得了两个最著名的商标。来自山东的北京烤鸭，以及来自安徽和湖北地区的京剧，都是由运河带到北方的。)”可知，北京烤鸭和京剧都是由运河带到中国北方去的，而不是南方。故选D。 33．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Over the next 500years, the canal’s importance grew. However, by 1127, parts had begun to deteriorate. In 1279, Kublai Khan began to repair and build new parts of the canal, which created a more direct north- south route to and from Beijing. (在接下来的500年里，运河的重要性与日俱增。然而，到1127年，部分已经开始恶化。1279年，忽必烈开始修复和建造运河的新部分，这创造了一条更直接的南北路线进出北京。)”可知，到了1127年，大运河的部分开始 ，1279年忽必烈开始修复和建造运河的新部分。由“开始修复和建造运河的新部分”可知，一定是部分大运河开始恶化，所以划线单词deteriorate是“恶化”的意思。故选 A。 34．主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“In addition to moving rice around China, the Grand Canal was an important cultural connection. (除了在中国各地运输大米外，大运河还是一个重要的文化联系。)”可知，大运河还是一条重要的文化纽带。所以“Cultural Connections(文化联系)”适合作本段标题。故选B。 35．细节理解题。 根据最后一段中“In 2005, a group of citizens proposed that the historic Grand Canal be made a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was officially granted (批准) in 2014．(2005年，一群市民提议将历史悠久的大运河列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。它于2014年正式获得批准。)”可知，2014年，大运河被正式批准列为世界文化遗产。故选C。 （九） （2023·宁夏）For many kids in Africa, the colorful PlayPump (踏水车) is the first playground thing they have ever seen. When the children give it a push and jump in for their first ride, smiles of wonder appears on their faces. The fun of going round and round in a circle is just part of the wonder. The wonderful invention doesn’t only change the kids’ play time, but also makes a big difference to the people’s lives. As the merry-go-round starts, it pumps (用泵输送) clean water up from deep underground and keeps it in a huge tank (桶). People are welcomed to come and help themselves to get the water for free. They are very happy these days. In the countryside of Africa, very few people could drink clean water. They don’t have machines that can get water in their homes. Instead, they often walk a long way to carry water back. Patricia Molope, a fifteen-year-old girl, explains that before her village in South Africa got a PlayPump, people would pay a taxi driver to take them to a well far from their homes. “Sometimes the taxi drivers were so busy that we would have to stop taking showers in order to save water. It was so far to walk there, but at present we have our own clean water in the village, and the life is better, too.” The hard job of carrying water usually is done by women and girls. Carrying water for miles and hours each day is such a heavy job that it sometimes prevents girls from being able to go to school. Thanks to the PlayPump, getting water is quicker and easier-and even boys join in. The pumps have become a new activity. Kids and adults seem to love playing with them while collecting water. A boy named Khumalo, twelve years old, says, ”I have seen many kinds of water pumps, but have never seen one that can keep water. When I grow up, I want to be an inventor so I can also invent clever things like the PlayPump that will help my country.“ So far, more than 800 PlayPumps are being operated in schools and neighborhoods in four African countries, providing water for almost two million people. 36．What do people need to do to get water from a PlayPump? A．Walk for a long way. B．Give it a push. C．Make it in a circle. D．Use a big tank. 37．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to the ________. A．Pump B．Merry-go-round C．PlayPump D．Underground 38．Why getting water used to be hard for Patricia Molope? A．Because she didn’t know how to use a PlayPump. B．Because she had no money to pay a taxi driver. C．Because the only place to get water was far away from home. D．Because there was not enough water in the well. 39．What is the main idea of the story? A．The PlayPump can bring people together. B．The PlayPump helps turn work into play. C．Every country in the world is thirsty. D．The PlayPump is a great invention in the world. 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．C 39．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了踏水车这项发明给非洲人民的生活带来的巨大影响。 36．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When the children give it a push and jump in for their first ride, smiles of wonder appears on their faces.(当孩子们推了它一下，跳进来第一次骑的时候，他们脸上露出了惊奇的微笑。)”可知，孩子们在使用踏水车时，首先进行的是压。故选B。 37．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“For many kids in Africa, the colorful PlayPump (踏水车) is the first playground thing they have ever seen.(对于非洲的许多孩子来说，彩色的PlayPump是他们在操场上看到的第一个东西。)”和文章第二段“The wonderful invention doesn’t only change the kids’ play time, but also makes a big difference to the people’s lives.(这个奇妙的发明不仅改变了孩子们的游戏时间，而且对人们的生活也产生了很大的影响。)”可知，it指代上文中的“the wonderful invention”，即PlayPump (踏水车)。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Patricia Molope, a fifteen-year-old girl, explains that before her village in South Africa got a PlayPump, people would pay a taxi driver to take them to a well far from their homes. Sometimes the taxi drivers were so busy that we would have to stop taking showers in order to save water. It was so far to walk there…(15岁的女孩帕特里夏·莫洛普(Patricia Molope)解释说，在她所在的南非村庄有PlayPump之前，人们会付钱让出租车司机把他们送到离家很远的井边。有时出租车司机太忙了，为了节约用水，我们不得不停止洗澡。走到那儿太远了……)”可知，Patricia Molope得到水很困难是因为唯一能取水的地方是离家很远的地方。故选C。 39．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“For many kids in Africa, the colorful PlayPump (踏水车) is the first playground thing they have ever seen.(对于非洲的许多孩子来说，彩色的PlayPump是他们在操场上看到的第一个东西。)”和文章第二段“The wonderful invention doesn’t only change the kids’ play time, but also makes a big difference to the people’s lives.(这个奇妙的发明不仅改变了孩子们的游戏时间，而且对人们的生活也产生了很大的影响。)”以及文章最后一段“So far, more than 800 PlayPumps are being operated in schools and neighborhoods in four African countries, providing water for almost two million people.(到目前为止，已有800多台踏水车在四个非洲国家的学校和社区投入使用，为近200万人提供水。)”可知，文章主要介绍了踏水车这项发明给非洲人民的生活带来的巨大影响。由此可知，文章主要讲述了踏水车是世界上一项伟大的发明。故选D。 （十） （2023·湖北）The great flight of the Chinese astronaut (宇航员) Yang Liwei in 2003 made China the third country in the world to send a person into space. His journey of 600, 000 kilometres took one day. But the training of astronauts like Yang Liwei takes years and is very hard. As a basic requirement, trainee (受训者) astronauts must be fighter pilots with over 600 hours of flying. This means that they have experience of flying at high speed and dealing with changes in air pressure. As well, they must have at least 4 years of college education and must be very strong and healthy. A normal trainee is 25-35 years old, weighs 55-70 kilogrammes and is 1. 60-1. 72 metres tall. Pilots with the basic requirements then go through a long period of examination to see if they are fit for training. They stay in hospital for a month of tests, which check for any kind of physical (生理的) weakness. Moreover, they have to sit in a chair which turns around at high speed for 15 minutes, to find out how their body works. There are also mental tests to find out how they will deal with living in a very small room, and how well they will respond to dangers and solve problems. Once they are chosen, the pilots go through a five-year course to prepare them for space flights. At the end of the five-year programme, there are final tests for the trainees. After passing these tests, they have succeeded in becoming real astronauts. 40．Why is Yang Liwei mentioned at the beginning of the text? A．To find a result. B．To do a research. C．To introduce a topic. 41．Which of the following meets the requirements to be an astronaut? A．29 years of age. B．1. 80 metres in height. C．75 kilogrammes in weight. 42．What is the purpose of mental tests for the pilots? A．To ensure their proper response. B．To warn them of possible dangers. C．To prepare them for fighter flights. 43．What is the best title for the text? A．Taking a PE Training B．Fighting to Be a Fighter Pilot C．Choosing Astronauts in China 【答案】40．C 41．A 42．A 43．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国宇航员的选拔和培训过程，包括基本要求、身体和心理测试以及五年的培训课程。最终通过测试的人可以成为真正的宇航员。 40．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The great flight of the Chinese astronaut (宇航员) Yang Liwei in 2003 made China the third country in the world to send a person into space. His journey of 600, 000 kilometres took one day. But the training of astronauts like Yang Liwei takes years and is very hard.( 2003年，中国宇航员杨利伟的伟大飞行使中国成为世界上第三个将人送入太空的国家。他60万公里的路程花费了一天。但是像杨利伟这样的宇航员的训练需要数年时间，而且非常辛苦)”可知，第一段通过列举宇航员杨利伟的例子，来引出文章主题——中国宇航员的选拔和培训过程，以及成为中国宇航员的艰苦历程。故选C。 41．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A normal trainee is 25-35 years old, weighs 55-70 kilogrammes and is 1. 60-1. 72 metres tall.(一名普通的受训者年龄在25-35岁之间，体重在55-70公斤之间。60-1。72米高)”可知，年龄为29岁的人是符合宇航员年龄标准的。故选A。 42．推理判断题。根据第三段中“There are also mental tests to find out how they will deal with living in a very small room, and how well they will respond to dangers and solve problems.( 还有心理测试，以了解他们如何处理在一个非常小的房间里的生活，以及他们对危险的反应和解决问题的能力)”可知，心理测试的目的是测试宇航员们对危险情况的反应和解决问题的能力。故选A。 43．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了中国宇航员的选拔和培训过程，包括基本要求、身体和心理测试以及五年的培训课程。最终通过测试的人可以成为真正的宇航员。C选项“Choosing Astronauts in China(中国选拔航天员)”概括文章主题，适合作为文章标题。故选C。 （十一） （2023·广东）A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. The map, called ClimateEX, allows users to see how global warming (全球 变暖)influences temperature and rainfall across the Earth. The map shows, in the UK, areas of eastern Scotland have been most influenced by climate change. In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. The map also shows that over the next 50 years parts of Wales and northeast England will see big changes to their climate. Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America will be subject to terrible heat and rainfall. Papua New Guinea, southeastern China, the west coast of the US, Greenland and the Arctic are also easily influenced, most importantly for sea level change. ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. The user simply touches the place where storms are frequent at present on the map and then ClimateEX will show all the places where storms are likely to happen in 50 years. 44．A rise in temperature and loss of rainfall have happened in ____. A．the US B．China C．Papua New Guinea D．the UK 45．The map tells the climate change in the future by _. A．setting up weather stations B．recording rainfall C．measuring the sea levels D．using past climate data 46．The underlined phrase be subject to in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____. A．cause B．suffer C．avoid D．change 47．According to the last paragraph, the map can _____. A．reduce the influences of climate change B．change the climates of different countries C．show where extreme climates will happen D．suggest how people deal with climate change 48．What is the best title for the passage? A．Increasing Rainfall B．An Amazing Map C．A Map of the World D．Changeable Climate 【答案】44．A 45．D 46．B 47．C 48．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新研究开发交互式地图可显示全球气候变化状况。 44．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. (在美国，西海岸气温上升，降雨量减少。)”可知，美国出现了气温上升和降雨减少的情况。故选A。 45．细节理解题。根据第三段“Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. (该地图由辛辛那提大学的一位科学家开发，使用了全球5万个国际气象站50年来的公共气候数据。)”可知，该地图利用过去的气候数据来预测未来的气候变化。故选D。 46．词句猜测题。根据第三段“It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. (它不仅显示了气候是如何变化的，而且还显示了到2070年可能会发生什么。)”和划线词前半句“According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America (根据地图，在未来的50年里，中美洲)”可推断，在未来的50年里，中美洲将遭受可怕的高温和降雨。所以划线词be subject to为“遭受”之意。故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. (ClimateEX还可以帮助用户搜索未来气候变化可能导致极端现象的地方。)”可知，该地图可以显示哪里会发生极端天气。故选C。 48．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. (一幅新的交互式地图显示了世界上哪些地区受气候变化影响最严重。)”、第三段“It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. (它不仅显示了气候是如何变化的，而且还显示了到2070年可能会发生什么。)及全文可知，文章主要介绍了新研究开发交互式地图可显示全球气候变化状况，还能预测未来的气候变化，是令人惊讶的。所以“An Amazing Map(令人惊叹的地图)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 （十二） （2023·湖北）Paris, France is known as the city of love. Now, the city hopes to also be known as the most bike-friendly city in Europe. That’s because Paris is planning to improve its infrastructure (基础设施) to become a safe cycling place by 2026. This is a major change from a city that was once considered harmful for bicycle riders. Now, city leaders are hoping for a 100 percent turn around. Today, over 1 million Parisians are traveling by bike daily without the proper infrastructure, using lanes (车道) shared by cars and motorcycles. This will all soon change. Some of these measures are already in place. As part of the 2021-2016 cycling plarcalled Velo Act 2, bicycle parking will be increased at the same time car parking spaces are reduced. The city has already removed 70 percent of its on-street automobile spots. There will be 40,000 secure bike spaces installed near railroad stations funded by the city and an additional 50,000 will be built. Paris already has 1,000 km of safe bike paths including 52 km that were added during the coronavirus pandemic (新冠疫情) when people were hesitant to use public transportation. There are now plans to add an additional 130 km of paths to encourage people to cycle. The aim of Velo Act 2 is to allow people to cycle from one end of Paris to another. “This cycling plan is one of the essential parts of ecological and social transformation that we are leading in Paris,” said David Belliard. 49．What is Paris famous for? A．Love. B．Bikes. C．Environment. 50．What makes Parisians traveling by bike concerned? A．Safety. B．Speed. C．Cost. 51．Why will an additional 130 km of paths be added? A．To reduce jam. B．To increase attention. C．To encourage cycling. 52．What is David Belliard’s attitude to Velo Act 2? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. 【答案】49．A 50．A 51．C 52．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为了鼓励更多的人骑自行车，巴黎开始改善基础设施。 49．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Paris, France is known as the city of love.(法国的巴黎以爱而著称)”可知，巴黎以爱而著称。故选A。 50．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Today , over 1 million Parisians are traveling by bike daily without the proper infrastructure, using lanes (车道) shared by cars and motorcycles.(今天，每天有超过100万的巴黎人骑自行车出行，没有适当的基础设施，使用汽车和摩托车共用的车道)”可知，每天骑自行车的巴黎人所担心的就是安全。故选A。 51．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There are now plans to add an additional 130 km of paths to encourage people to cycle.(现在计划再增加130公里的自行车道，以鼓励人们骑自行车)”可知，其目的是为了鼓励骑行。故选C。 52．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘This cycling plan is one of the essential parts of ecological and social transformation that we are leading in Paris,’ said David Belliard.(‘这个自行车计划是我们在巴黎领导的生态和社会转型的重要组成部分之一，’David Belliard说)”判断，对于这项计划他是支持的。故选C。 （十三） （2023·湖北）Nowadays, schools still focus on traditional subjects more than modern subjects. Many subjects can not meet the needs of the future jobs. I completely agree with the statement that schools too much concentrate on traditional subjects. To begin with, schools must be more flexible in the education because every student will choose and follow the different ways. So they need a different knowledge’s source. For example, the technology development is becoming a vital part in modern society which demands a number of skilled workforce (劳动力). As a result, if students are skilled in using computer or machine, they will achieve success in their career. In addition, the traditional subjects always teach a lot of theories than skills. That is the reason why many students feel bored when studying them, such as history, literature or geography. But people can ignore them because all the subjects are concerned about culture and the society’s problems. So the education system should be improved. Instead of researching lessons in class or books, we need to hold the meeting or game shows to exchange knowledge and skills between students. Besides, schools have to add some soft skill subjects. In conclusion, the traditional subjects are still being concentrated too much, Schools should improve systems so that students can acquire many new things and meet the needs in the world of work. 53．Why should education be flexible in schools? A．Students are tired of studying B．Each student has different needs C．Students’ interests are various 54．What do traditional subjects value more? A．Theories. B．Skills. C．Grades. 55．What does the author agree to do? A．Read books aloud. B．Research lessons in class. C．Increase soft skill subjects. 56．How would the author feel about the traditional subjects? A．They require improving. B．They are discouraging. C．They prove useless. 【答案】53．B 54．A 55．C 56．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲传统学科有着自己的优势，但是很多学科不能够满足未来工作的需要，因此需要改变，这样才能与时俱进。 53．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To begin with, schools must be more flexible in the education because every student will choose and follow the different ways. (首先，学校必须在教育方面更加灵活，因为每个学生都会选择和遵循不同的方式。)”可知，每个学生对学校的需求是不同。故选B项。 54．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In addition, the traditional subjects always teach a lot of theories than skills. (此外，传统学科往往教授的理论多于技能。)”可知，传统学科更加重视理论知识。故选A项。 55．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Instead of researching lessons in class or books, we need to hold the meeting or game shows toex change knowledge and skills between students. Besides, schools have to add some soft skill subjects. (我们不需要在课堂上或书本上研究课程，而需要举行会议或游戏展示来改变学生之间的知识和技能。此外，学校必须增加一些软技能科目。)”可知，作者赞同添加一些软技能科目。故选C项。 56． 推理判断题。根据第四段“In conclusion, the traditional subiects are still being concentrated too much, Schools should improve systems so that students can acquire many new things and meet the needs in the world of work. (总之，传统的学科仍然过于集中，学校应该改进系统，让学生能够获得许多新的东西，满足工作的需要。)”可判断，传统科目需要改善，让学生能够获得许多新的东西。故选A项。 （十四） （2023·浙江）Are you a different person when you speak a foreign language? That’s just one of the questions The New Yorker’s writer and native North Carolinian Lauren Collins explores in her engaging autobiography, about her tough efforts to master French after marrying a Frenchman whose name — Olivier — she couldn’t even pronounce properly. When in French ranges from the humorously personal to a deeper look at various theories of language acquisition and linguistics. The couple met in London “on more or less neutral ground: his continent, my language.” But the balance shifted when they moved to Geneva for Olivier’s work. The normally voluble Collins found herself at a loss — “nearly speechless.” The language barrier, and her dependence on her husband for simple things like buying the right cut of meat worsened her mixed feelings about “unlovely, but not ridiculous” Geneva. She comments, “Language, as much as land, is a place. To be cut off from it is to be, in a sense, homeless.” Her sense of alienation (疏离感) leads to an examination of America’s miserable record when it comes to foreign languages: “Linguists call America ‘the graveyard of languages’ because of its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations,” Collins writes. Educated in Wilmington, N.C．, and at Princeton, she could — like the vast majority of Americans — only speak their mother tongue. Eight months after she moved to Switzerland, Collins gave up on the natural acquisition of language and finally enrolls in a French course. As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary, Collins notes smartly that vert (green), verre (glass), ver (worm), vers (toward), and vair (squirrel) compose a quintuple homonym (同形异义). “Although it’s difficult, French can be tried,” she says. Yet French is actually considered among the easiest languages for an English speaker to learn, especially compared to Arabic or Mandarin Chinese. Collins, whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia (nonsense speech) and shibboleth (catchword or slogan), finds plenty of terrific French words to love. She writes, “English is a trust fund, an unearned inheritance, but I've worked for every bit of French I've banked.” Unlike Jhumpa Lahiri, who became so hooked on Italian and used it to write In Other Words, Collins’ goals for learning French were more modest: “I wanted to speak French and to sound like North Carolina.” She also wanted to be able to deal with chimney sweeps and butchers, communicate with her in-laws, and “to touch Olivier in his own language.” She admits that she feels different speaking French: “Its austerity (朴素) made me feel more confused.” 57．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “voluble” in Paragraph 2? A．Graceful. B．Dependent. C．Talkative. D．Energetic. 58．Why do linguists call America “the graveyard of languages”? A．Because other languages are prohibited in America. B．Because only English-speaking people can immigrate into America. C．Because immigrants’ native languages contradict English in America. D．Because American culture swallows up immigrants’ native languages gradually. 59．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5? A．Collins’ English vocabulary knowledge contributes little to her French learning. B．Collins has found out some effective ways of mastering French words. C．Arabic or Mandarin Chinese is easier to learn than French for English speakers. D．It’s terrifying for Collins to have French words in store for practical use. 【答案】57．C 58．D 59．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Lauren Collins的自传When in French的相关内容。 57．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The normally(通常)”及下文“found herself at a loss — ‘nearly speechless.’ (发现自己不知所措——“几乎说不出话来”)”可推知，此处与以往的自己形成强烈的反差。由此可知，划线词voluble与“speechless”意思相反，意为“健谈的”，与talkative意义相近。故选C。 58．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her sense of alienation (疏离感) leads to an examination of America’s miserable record when it comes to foreign languages: ‘Linguists call America ‘the graveyard of languages’ because of its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations,’ Collins writes.(她的疏离感引发了对美国在外语方面的悲惨记录的审视：“语言学家称美国为‘语言的墓地’，因为它具有吸收数百万移民并使他们的母语在几代人中消亡的独特能力，”柯林斯写道)”可知，语言学家称美国为“语言的坟墓”是因为美国文化逐渐吞噬了移民的母语。故选D。 59．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary, Collins notes smartly that vert (green), verre (glass), ver (worm), vers (toward), and vair (squirrel) compose a quintuple homonym (同形异义). ‘Although it’s difficult, French can be tried,’ she says. (当她在语法和词汇上苦苦挣扎时，柯林斯聪明地注意到vert(绿色)、verre(玻璃)、ver(蠕虫)、vers(朝向)和vair(松鼠)组成了一个由五个词构成的同形异义词。“虽然很难，但法语是可以尝试的，”她说)”以及第五段“Collins, whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia (nonsense speech) and shibboleth (catchword or slogan), finds plenty of terrific French words to love. She writes, ‘English is a trust fund, an unearned inheritance, but I’ve worked for every bit of French I’ve banked.’(Collins的英语词汇量非常丰富，包括glossolalia(无意义的话)和shibboleth(流行语或口语)，她发现有很多很棒的法语单词值得喜爱。她写道：“英语是一笔信托基金，是一笔不劳而获的遗产，但我积攒的每一点法语都是通过努力获得的。”)”可推知，Collins找到了一些掌握法语单词的有效方法，并且逐渐取得了进步。故选B。 （十五） （2023·湖南）Long ago, many people had gardens. Fewer people were interested in having gardens. But in the past few years, this has begun to change. More people are starting to make gardens again. People of all ages are learning the joy of planting. Maybe you would like to start your own garden. It’s easier than you may think. The first step is making some choices. What sort of plants do you like? What do you want to grow? Many people have flower gardens. People grow these gardens for the way that they look. They are pretty to look at. Flowers can have many shapes and many colors. Other people grow food in their gardens. They grow fruits and vegetables. These gardens are helpful. Some people like both types of gardens, so they have flowers and food. After you choose the type of garden you want, you’ll need a good location for it. The best place for a small garden is in a yard. One of the most important things to look for is sun. Always put your garden in a sunny spot. You should also put your garden in a place that is easy to get to. And you will want to put flowers in a place where everyone can see them. Each kind of plant is different. Once you choose the plants you want, you have to learn a little about them. Some plants grow best in spring. Others should be planted in summer. A few plants grow all year long. Choose when you will do your planting. Then choose the best plants to grow. I’m sure you will enjoy your garden. Gardens can be very pretty. What’s nicer than seeing bright flowers all around you? You can also grow many kinds of great foods. Some people say food they grow themselves tastes better. Best of all, gardens are just plain fun. 60．Now people think planting a garden is _____________. A．hard B．boring C．traditional D．joyful 61．What’s the first step if you want to start your garden? A．Making choices. B．Planting flowers. C．Growing food. D．Buying fruits and vegetables. 62．What is the best location for a garden? A．In a cool place. B．Outside your yard. C．Near a park. D．In a sunny spot. 63．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To explain what plants to grow. B．To tell people how to start a garden. C．To ask people for ideas about gardens. D．To encourage people to grow their own food. 【答案】60．D 61．A 62．D 63．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何建造属于自己的花园。 60．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“People of all ages are learning the joy of planting.(各个年龄段的人都在感受种植的乐趣。)”可知，现在的人们都觉得建造花园很有意思。故选D。 61．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The first step is making some choices. (第一步是做一些选择。)”可知，如果你想建造自己的花园，第一步是做一些选择。故选A。 62．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“One of the most important things to look for is sun. Always put your garden in a sunny spot.(寻找太阳是最重要的东西之一。总是把你的花园放在阳光充足的地方。)”可知，花园的最佳位置是在阳光充分的地方。故选D。 63．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Long ago, many people had gardens. Fewer people were interested in having gardens. But in the past few years, this has begun to change. More people are starting to make gardens again. People of all ages are learning the joy of planting. Maybe you would like to start your own garden. It’s easier than you may think. (很久以前，许多人都有花园。对拥有花园感兴趣的人越来越少。但在过去几年里，这种情况开始发生变化。越来越多的人又开始建造花园了。各个年龄段的人都在学习种植的乐趣。也许你想开始自己的花园。这比你想象的要容易。)”以及下文内容可知，作者写本文的主要目的是告诉了人们如何建造一个花园。故选B。 （十六） （2023·山西）Can you imagine that there are a huge number of tiny waste pieces in the Arctic(北冰洋的)sea ice? Because of the waste pieces, 30,000 kinds of animals are in danger. It’s true that one person’s acts alone can’t help the planet. But each one of us can find ways to make our contributions. In the home, we could try not to waste foods. Use a digital meal planner to get a right amount of food so that everything we buy and cook gets eaten. Learn how to store foods to keep them fresh longer. Be sure to use proper ways to keep our home warm. For example, we can replace old windows with energy-saving ones. At the store, we could green our habits. Buy reusable plates, but not single-use ones. Buy home tissue not made of materials which may lead to destruction of forests. Buy glass cups instead of paper ones. In the community, we could help keep its plants healthy. Take part in tree-planting projects or grass-cutting activities to help plants grow well. Our actions alone can’t save the planet, but the above ways and habits can help. 64．What puts so many animals in danger? A．Cold ice. B．Waste pieces. C．Bad weather. D．People’s acts. 65．Why should we use a digital meal planner? A．To avoid wasting foods. B．To cook delicious foods. C．To keep foods fresh. D．To store foods. 66．What does the underlined word “reusable” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．That can be kept long. B．That can be used again. C．That can be thrown away. D．That can be used only once. 67．Why does the author write this passage? A．To protect animals. B．To describe the future of the planet. C．To encourage an environment friendly life. D．To introduce shopping places for green products. 【答案】64．B 65．A 66．B 67．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。很多动物处于危险中，我们每个人都应为保护动物而贡献力量。文章就此给出了一些建议。 64．细节理解题。根据第一段“Because of the waste pieces, 30,000 kinds of animals are in danger. (由于这些垃圾，30000种动物处于危险之中。)”可知，是垃圾让这么多动物处于危险之中。故选B。 65．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the home, we could try not to waste foods. Use a digital meal planner to get a right amount of food so that everything we buy and cook gets eaten. (在家里，我们可以尽量不浪费食物。使用数字用餐计划器来获取适量的食物，这样我们买的和做的所有东西都能被吃掉。)”可知，使用数字化的用餐计划是为了避免浪费食物。故选A。 66．词句猜测题。根据划线词后半句“but not single-use ones.(但不要买一次性的。)”可知，不要买一次性盘子而应当买“可重复使用的”，所以reusable与single-use(一次性的)词义相对，意为“可以重复使用的”。故选B。 67．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Our actions alone can’t save the planet, but the above ways and habits can help. (光靠我们的行动并不能拯救地球，但以上的方式和习惯可以有所帮助。)”可知，作者写本文是为了呼吁每个人采取环保的生活方式以保护环境，故选C。 （十七） （2023·河南）Conifers (针叶树) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落叶的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved. Trees and other greener in cities provide many benefits that are important for the well-being of residents. Leaves and needled on trees filter air pollutants and reduce exposure to poisonous substance in the air. But which trees purify the air most effectively? Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed. “This tree collection provided a unique opportunity to test many different species of trees with similar environmental conditions and exposure to air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg, a researcher of the GBG A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多环芳烃). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines. “Our analysis show that different species of trees have different abilities to absorb air pollutants. Conifers generally absorb morn gaseous paths than broad-leaved trees. Another advantage of conifers is that they also act as air purifies in winter, when air pollution is usually at its highest,” said Jenny Klingberg. “This study contributes to improving our understanding of the ability of trees to clean the air and which species are best at absorbing air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg. This known-edge is important for urban planning when designing sustainable cities. While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions. 68．Which is the determining factor in choosing the most suitable tries to purify air? A．Air quality. B．Geographical location. C．The height of plants. D．The kind of pollutants. 69．Why did the researchers collect leaves and needled from GBG? A．To compare their shapes. B．To create a tree collection. C．To figure out what they absorb. D．To display them on exhibition. 70．What may cause more paths to be released? A．Fuel vehicle’s. B．Electric engines. C．Traffic accidents. D．Complete burning. 71．What is the most effective way to better air quality in cities? A．Decreasing emissions. B．Planting more conifers. C．Raising public awareness. D．Designing sustainable cities. 【答案】68．D 69．C 70．A 71．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍哥德堡大学的一项新研究表明，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型。 68．细节理解题。根据第一段“Conifers (针叶树) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落叶的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved.(针叶树通常比阔叶树更能净化空气中的污染物。但是落叶树木在吸收微粒污染方面可能做得更好。哥德堡大学领导的一项新研究表明，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型)”可知，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型。故选D。 69．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed. (哥德堡大学的研究人员收集了生长在哥德堡植物园(GBG)同一地点的11棵不同树木的叶子和针叶，以分析它们吸收了哪些物质)”可知，哥德堡大学的研究人员收集了生长在哥德堡植物园内同一地点的11棵不同树木的叶子，目的是分析它们吸收了哪些物质。故选C。 70．细节理解题。根据第四段“A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多环芳烃). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines. (总共分析了32种不同的污染物，其中一些与不同大小的物品结合在一起。还有一些是气态的。这个项目的重点是路径。在城市中，交通是这些污染物的最大来源，这些污染物是由于发动机不完全燃烧而释放的)”可知，交通是这些污染物的最大来源，它们是由于发动机不完全燃烧而释放出来的。故选A。 71．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions. (虽然树木和绿色时代有助于改善城市的空气质量，但归根结底，最重要的措施是减少排放)”可知，改善城市空气质量的最有效方法减少排放。故选A。 （十八） （2023·湖南）Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with no warning. They move quickly, pull trees out of the ground, destroy buildings and hurt people. Being caught in a flood is dangerous, not only because there is so much water and it’s moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Debris (残骸) in the current can injure anyone in the floodwater, making swimming more difficult. To survive a flash flood, keep the following things in your mind. If a flood warning is issued, try to find a shelter immediately. Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters. Avoid bridges that cross rapidly moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to break. Stay inside a car that is trapped in fast-moving water. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car, and then move to the roof of it. Avoid power lines. A knocked-down power line can cause surrounding water to become charged, leading to injury Listen to the broadcast for further instructions before getting away from the flood successfully. The results of a flood can be just as deadly. It can cause power failure and traffic jams, and break down communication. In addition, it may not be possible to deliver food and water to the flooded area. After the flood, return to your home only after local governments have said it is safe to do so. Use bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking. And avoid driving through flooded areas and walking alone outside at night. 72．When a flash flood happens, you should _______. A．try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters B．choose the bridges that cross rapidly moving water C．get out of a car that is trapped in fast-moving water D．avoid power lines 73．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The car. B．The bridge. C．The house. D．The power line. 74．After the flood, it is safe to _____. A．go back to your home quickly B．use bottled or boiled water C．drive through flooded areas D．walk alone outside at night 75．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A diary. B．A story book. C．A newspaper. D．A travel guidebook. 【答案】72．D 73．A 74．B 75．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍发生洪灾时的注意事项以及洪水过后应该怎样做。 72．细节理解题。根据第六段的“ Avoid power (避开电源)”可知，当发生洪灾时我们应该避开电线。故选D。 73．词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Only get out if the water begins to flood the car, and then move to the roof of it.(只有在水开始淹没汽车时才能出来，然后移动到车顶)”可知，it指代上文提到的“the car”。故选A。 74．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Use bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking. (饮用和烹饪时使用瓶装水或开水)”可知，洪水过后应该使用瓶装水或开水。故选B。 75．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍发生洪灾时的注意事项以及洪水过后应该怎样做。由此推知，文章很有可能出自新闻报纸。故选C。 （十九） （2023·云南）The sky is blue, and the sunshines on the street in Paris, where Mr. Gallais has been selling old classic books to tourists for more than 30 years. Locals and tourists around the world would come to Mr. Gallai’s shop and 230 other open-air booksellers’ to buy book. However, because of the lockdown regulations to control the COVID-19 pandemic, the booksellers had to face the problem of losing the business and living difficulties these years. “Sales have decreased by an average of 80 percent this year,” Mr. Gala is said, “which is throwing many booksellers into dangerous situations.” Still, some booksellers want to work. They are eager to keep the tradition that dates back to the l6th century. Many of the booksellers are retired workers living on pensions (养老金). They gather literature books and magazines. A growing number of people in their 30s and 40s have joined their ranks. They want to feel free from working outside an office in rain or shine. Even before the pandemic, the booksellers were fighting with the cultural changes that people don’t read paper books as much as they used to. If they do read paper books, most readers will often choose Amazon.com to buy ones. 76．How long has Mr. Gallais been selling old classic books along the bank? A．More than 16 years. B．More than 19 years. C．More than 23 years. D．More than 30 years. 77．What’s the main cause of the booksellers’ living difficulties these years? A．The booksellers’ competition. B．The lockdown regulations. C．The trend of a new profession. D．The popularity of E-books. 78．Why did many people in their 30s and 40s become sellers? A．They are not willing to accept advances. B．They are eager to live a challenging life. C．They want to feel free from working outside. D．They can earn a large amount of money. 79．What can we infer from the passage? A．Mr. Gallais isn’t a bookseller. B．Middle-aged people don’t join the ranks. C．Retired booksellers don’t gather literature books and magazines. D．Booksellers make efforts to keep the bookselling tradition. 【答案】76．D 77．B 78．C 79．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍即使面临新冠和人们读书方式改变的挑战，巴黎售卖露天图书的书商们依然努力保持图书销售的传统。 76．细节理解题。根据第一段“The sky is blue, and the sunshines on the street in Paris, where Mr. Gallais has been selling old classic books to tourists for more than 30 years.(巴黎的天空是蓝色的，阳光照射在街道上，Gallais先生30多年来一直在那里向游客出售经典旧书)”可知，Mr. Gallais已经沿河岸出售经典书籍30多年了。故选D。 77．细节理解题。根据第二段的“However, because of the lockdown regulations to control the COVID-19 pandemic, the booksellers had to face the problem of losing the business and living difficulties these years.(然而，由于控制新冠肺炎疫情的封锁规定，这些年来书商不得不面临失去生意和生活困难的问题)”可知，由于控制新冠肺炎疫情的封锁规定书商们这几年一直面临着生活困难。故选B。 78．细节理解题。根据第三段的“A growing number of people in their 30s and 40s have joined their ranks. They want to feel free from working outside an office in rain or shine.(越来越多的三四十岁的人加入了他们的行列。无论晴雨，他们想要从户外工作中获得自由)”可知，很多三四十岁的人成为书商是因为他们想要从户外工作中获得自由。故选C。 79．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Still, some booksellers want to work. They are eager to keep the tradition that dates back to the l6th century.(尽管如此，一些书商还是想工作。他们渴望保留可以追溯到16世纪的传统)”和最后一段的“Even before the pandemic, the booksellers were fighting with the cultural changes that people don’t read paper books as much as they used to.(甚至在疫情之前，书商就在与文化变革作斗争，即人们不再像过去那样多读纸质书了)”推知，书商努力保持图书销售的传统。故选D。 （二十） （2023北京）A lot of us spend most of our working day sitting at the computer without moving at all. So, how does the world keep fit? Let’s have a look at some of the latest exercises from around the world. Towerrunning is a sport you can do in the tall buildings of almost any big city. All you need to do is start at the bottom of an office tower and run up all the stairs until you get to the top. Now, towerrunning has become popular with important races taking place in some of the world’s tallest towers, like the China World Trade Centre in Beijing. Piloxing started in the USA．The sport is a mix between boxing, pilates (普拉提) and dance. Piloxing uses the power and speed of boxing, while building your muscles and strength with pilates. All of this happens to non-stop loud music, and you learn some great dance moves too. Paddle boarding on the ocean might look easy, but it is a tough sport. You need to be strong to keep your balance. The sport was adapted from surfing and it had its roots in Polynesia where people used paddling for both work and play-from transport to catching waves. Trapeze may remind you of the circus act-people fly, dance and move from side to side through the air. Jules Leotard developed the art of trapeze in the mid-nineteenth century in France. To perform trapeze, people must develop upper-body strength to turn and fly. Are you ready? Even a short amount of exercise every day can help us to feel happier and more relaxed. 80．Which exercise must be done in tall buildings? A．Towerrunning. B．Piloxing. C．Paddle boarding. D．Trapeze. 81．Where does paddle boarding come from? A．China. B．The USA． C．Polynesia. D．France. 82．To do trapeze well, people must have . A．strong upper-body strength B．power and speed of boxing C．better running ability D．good swimming skills 83．What does this passage call on people to do? A．Lose weight. B．Get moving. C．Keep working. D．Travel around. 【答案】80．A 81．C 82．A 83．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个最新的锻炼方式。 80．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Towerrunning is a sport you can do in the tall buildings of almost any big city. (跑塔是一项你几乎可以在任何大城市的高楼大厦里进行的运动)”可知，Towerrunning必须在高楼里做。故选A。 81．细节理解题。根据第四段“The sport was adapted from surfing and it had its roots in Polynesia where people used paddling for both work and play-from transport to catching waves. (这项运动是由冲浪运动演变而来的，它起源于波利尼西亚，那里的人们将划桨用于工作和娱乐——从运输到乘风破浪)”可知，桨板是从波利尼西亚来的。故选C。 82．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To perform trapeze, people must develop upper-body strength to turn and fly. (为了表演空中飞人，人们必须锻炼上肢力量来转弯和飞行)”可知，要做好空中飞人，人必须有强壮的上肢力量。故选A。 83．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Are you ready? Even a short amount of exercise every day can help us to feel happier and more relaxed. (你准备好了吗？即使是每天少量的运动也能让我们感到更快乐、更放松)”可知，这篇文章号召人们行动起来。故选B。 （二十一） （2023·广东）Anger is a natural feeling that everyone experiences in life. Some researchers believe the first sound a baby makes when born could be a sign of anger. Anger may be the first feeling we have and respond to. It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. But of course, that is not how we usually think of anger. Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under control. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. We learn this for a good reason. Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. So what can we do to understand and calm this feeling? One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. We can also try to walk away from a situation that causes anger, ask a doctor for advice, or just exercise more in our daily life. And of course we may have many other methods. Whatever solution we choose, as long as we are trying to find the solution to the problem, we have already taken the first step in the right direction. 84．According to Paragraph 1, anger can _____. A．lead to justice B．keep us healthy C．help us tell right from wrong D．help us make things better 85．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．We are taught to control anger. B．Anger appears early in life. C．We shouldn’t get angry at work. D．Angry children should be punished. 86．The underlined word “suppresses” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____. A．holds in B．takes in C．expresses D．understands 87．Which of the following can help deal with anger? A．Excellent physical health. B．A talk with a close friend. C．Some exercises given by teachers. D．A good relationship with others. 88．What does the author think of anger? A．Anger shown by children is unacceptable. B．Anger leads to deadly mental and physical illnesses. C．Anger can be a healthy feeling and need be treated properly. D．Anger builds up relationships with our friends or workmates. 【答案】84．D 85．A 86．A 87．B 88．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了愤怒是一种健康的情感，需要妥善对待。 84．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. (在很多情况下，这是一种非常健康的感觉。愤怒可以使人们在生活中做出非常积极的改变。有时，我们必须对不公正、对错误的行为、甚至对大自然感到愤怒，然后才能做我们需要做的事情来纠正错误或使事情变得更好。)”可知，愤怒可以帮助我们使事情变得更好。故选D。 85．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under contro1. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. (大多数人认为愤怒是一种必须加以控制的感情。孩子们有时会因为失控地表达愤怒而被送回房间或受到惩罚。当孩子生气时，父母告诉孩子要控制自己。我们可能会对朋友或在工作中生气，但我们知道表现出来是不对的。很小的时候，我们就知道愤怒是一种必须控制的东西。)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们，我们被教导要控制愤怒。故选A。 86．词句猜测题。根据划线词前句“Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. (不受控制的愤怒会导致打架、车祸、与他人的不良关系、不可接受的社会行为以及许多其他问题。)”和后半句“he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. (他可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题。)”并结合表示转折意义的however可知，不受控制的愤怒会有负面影响，但压抑自己的愤怒可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题。所以划线词suppresses为“压制，压抑”之意。故选A。 87．细节理解题。根据第四段“One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. (一种解决方法是和我们信任的人谈论，例如，一个好朋友。)”可知，与亲密朋友的谈话可以帮助处理愤怒。故选B。 88．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. (在很多情况下，这是一种非常健康的情感。愤怒可以使人们在生活中做出非常积极的改变)”和第三段“Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. (不受控制的愤怒会导致打架、车祸、与他人的不良关系、不可接受的社会行为以及许多其他问题。然而，许多专家表示，如果一个人压抑自己的愤怒，他可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题)”可推断，愤怒可以是一种健康的感觉，需要妥善对待。故选C。 （二十二） （2023·河北）When it comes to the history of snow skiing, there is the early history and the modern history. The modern history is tied to the Scandinavian countries. Scandinavian farmers and hunters used skis regularly during the Middle Ages. By the 17th century, the Swedish Amy was competing (竞争) on skis and using them for battle purposes as well. The history of skiing is complicated (复杂的), and there’s no telling no how many people had their hands in the development of skis over the years. Interestingly enough, skis were used in the Sierra Nevada Mountains during the gold rush, and downhill races were organized by mining camps. By the late 1800s, people all over the world were experimenting with skis and using them for all kinds of purposes. In 1888, for example, a Norwegian man named Frigidity Nansen crossed Greenland on skis. Nansen kept a journal of this trip, and when this journal was published in 1890, it brought great interest in skiing in both Europe and the United States. This is one of the most important moments in the history of snow skiing. The history of skiing sees the activity, or sport if you prefer, really taking off around the tur of the 20th century. People started taking on all kinds of skiing challenges in the late 1800s and early 1900s, and the technology continued to get better. The first package ski vacations were offered in and around 1903. The Winter Olympics only helped the sport become popular. In 1932, both ski jumping and cross-country skiing were events that were featured in the Winter Olympics at Lake Placid. After first featuring as a demonstration (演示) sport a the 1988 Calgary Games, freestyle skiing was introduced to the Winter Olympic programme in 1992. There were 13 events in freestyle skiing at Beijing 2022. 89．Why are the Scandinavian countries mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To give an example. B．To explain the sports. C．To introduce the topic. D．To put forward an argument. 90．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The development of skis. B．The experiment with gold. C．The history of Greenland. D．The story of a mining camp. 91．What made Europeans and Americans interested in skiing? A．A long battle. B．A Norwegian’s wisdom. C．The gold rush. D．The publication of a journal. 92．When did the first package ski vacations appear? A．In 1888. B．In the 1600s C．In and around 1903. D．In the 1800s. 93．What event became part of the 1992 Winter Olympics? A．Freestyle skiing B．Ski jumping C．Cross-county skiing D．Downhill races. 【答案】89．C 90．A 91．D 92．C 93．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是滑雪运动的历史和发展。 89．推理判断题。根据第一段的“The modem history is tied to the Scandinavian countries. Scandinavian farmers and hunters used skis regularly during the Middle Ages. (现代历史与斯堪的纳维亚国家紧密相连。斯堪的纳维亚的农民和猎人在中世纪经常使用滑雪板。)”可知，在第一段中提到斯堪的纳维亚国家是为了引出本文的话题，即滑雪运动的历史，故选C。 90．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“The history of skiing is complicated (复杂的), and there’s no telling no how many people had their hands in the development of skis over the years. Interestingly enough, skis were used in the Sierra Nevada Mountains during the gold rush, and downhill races were organized by mining camps. By the late 1800s, people all over the world were experimenting with skis and using them for all kinds of purposes. (滑雪的历史是复杂的，不知道有多少人在这些年里参与了滑雪板的发展。有趣的是，淘金热时期内华达山脉使用滑雪板，下坡比赛由矿工营地组织。到19世纪末，世界各地的人们都在试验滑雪板，并将其用于各种目的。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是滑雪板的发展，故选A。 91．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Nansen kept a journal of this trip, and when this journal was published in 1890, it brought great interest in skiing in both Europe and the United States. (Nansen把这次旅行记在日记里，当这本日记在1890年出版时，它引起了欧洲和美国对滑雪的极大兴趣。)”可知，一本日记的出版让欧洲人和美国人对滑雪感兴趣，故选D。 92．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The first package ski vacations were offered in and around 1903. (第一个滑雪度假包是在1903年前后推出的。)”可知，第一个滑雪度假包是在1903年前后出现的，故选C。 93．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“After first featuring as a demonstration (演示) sport a the 1988 Calgary Games, freestyle skiing was introduced to the Winter Olympic programme in 1992. (自由式滑雪在1988年卡尔加里奥运会上首次成为表演项目，1992年被引入冬季奥运会。)”可知，自由式滑雪成为1992年冬奥会的比赛项目，故选A。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05阅读理解（说明文+议论文） （一） （2024·北京）There’s a famous story about NASA and the Russian space programme. It is said that NASA spent millions of dollars developing a pen that would write in space. The Russians, on the other hand, just used a pencil. This story isn’t true, but it helps illustrate the usefulness of pencils. The earliest form of the pencil was a metal stick that was used by the Romans. The pencil that we know, however, got its start in England in 1564. In that year, farmers in a county north of London discovered graphite (石墨), which they called “black lead” and used to mark sheep. There was only one problem: the graphite blackened their hands and clothes. To prevent this from happening, they covered sheep skin around graphite sticks. The Italians finally thought of putting the graphite into a wooden holder. At first, they dug out wood and slid the graphite in. Later, though, they put the graphite between two pieces of wood and glued the wood together. Then, in 1662, some Germans learned how to use powdered (粉末的) graphite and began mass-producing pencils. The next major development occurred in the mid-18th century, when war broke out between England and France. Since England had the only source of graphite, France was unable to import the mineral. This led a Frenchman to mix clay (黏土) with the graphite powder that he had. By changing the amount of graphite in the mixture, he could control the hardness and darkness of the pencil. The HB (Hardness and Blackness) system of pencils was thus born. Soon after that, pencils were produced in large numbers and became common everywhere. Pencils are primarily used to write, but they can serve in other roles too. For example, rub a pencil over a newly- bought key to ensure that it slides easily into a lock. This method also works with zippers (拉链) that are repeatedly getting stuck. Additionally, use it as a replacement for a ruler to help you draw straight lines. Today, more than 15 billion pencils are made each year. For many, the pencil is their preferred choice for a writing tool. Its design may have changed throughout the years, yet its usefulness has allowed it to continue making a mark on our lives. 1．What does the story about the Russian space programme help to show? A．The darkness of pencils. B．The weakness of pencils. C．The hardness of pencils. D．The usefulness of pencils. 2．Who were the first to think of putting the graphite into a wooden holder? A．Italians. B．Germans. C．Englishmen. D．Frenchmen. 3．What made pencils become common everywhere? A．The outbreak of a war. B．The use of glued wood. C．The birth of the HB system. D．The import of the graphite. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The effect of pencils. B．The history of pencils. C．The design of pencils. D．The variety of pencils. （二） （2024·广东）Have you ever drawn pictures on your notebooks when you are siting in class? If so, your teacher might have told you to stop. Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite. One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009, researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group was encouraged to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that they would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29% more. Other people suggest other uses for doodling. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you will have a fresh idea and get an answer more quickly. An author named Sunni Brown wrote a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that. In fact, she owns a business that helps companies improve management effectiveness through doodling. Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four. You might think that being good at drawing is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it does’t matter what the picture looks like. Even if you are not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need to focus, pick up a pen and doodle away. 5．What does the last sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest? A．Drawing might be allowed in class. B．Drawing is the first step to doodle. C．Doodling might help students focus. D．Doodling is popular with students 6．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph4 refers to the fact that __________ A．doodling can help people think B．Sunni Brown does business by doodling C．people consider doodling as doing nothing D．Sunni Brown wrote a book about doodling 7．According to the last two paragraphs, doodling __________. A．helps people become better learners B．is useless in listening to a lecture C．requires very good drawing skills D．does not attract any artists 8．The purpose of the passage is to __________. A．do research by doodling B．solve problems by doodling C．help people learn how to doodle D．introduce the benefits of doodling 9．In which section of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? A．Health. B．Education. C．Technology. D．Economy. （三） （2023·江苏）Do you know how many kinds of breakfast cereal (麦片) there are in my local supermarket? 165 kinds! That’s just one product. Think about all the varieties of biscuits, yoghourt, and chocolate bars. We have so much choice these days. It’s unbelievable! So all this choice must be a good thing, right? It makes us happier, right? Well, not necessarily. People like the idea of having a choice, and many people think more choice must be a good thing. But, in fact, too much choice can cause us problems. If there are too many different things to choose from, we can’t know what to choose. If you offer me a choice of three cookies, I can decide quickly which one I want. But if you offer me a choice of 33 cookies, my brain crashes. Another problem with too much choice is that we think there must be the perfect cookie somewhere. The fact is, there isn’t — so when we have spent half an hour deciding which cookie we want, we feel dissatisfied, because it’s not as good as expected. It’s not cookie perfection. And then we begin to regret all the other cookies we didn’t choose, thinking one of them might have been better. So there can be such a thing as too much choice. We need to recognize that while some choice is good, too much can leave us at a loss. We should focus on being pleased with what we choose. I am going to remember this next time I’m offered a cookie — choose one and enjoy it! 10．What is the purpose of paragraph 1? A．To sell a product. B．To express surprise. C．To introduce the topic. D．To answer a question. 11．What problem can too much choice cause? A．Difficulty in choosing. B．Worry about health. C．A careless decision. D．A loss of memory. 12．The underlined part “It’s not cookie perfection” probably means ________. A．we can’t make good cookies B．there’s no perfect choice C．we are pleased with all cookies D．the cookie doesn’t taste delicious 13．How will the writer solve the problem of too much choice according to the last paragraph? A．Recognize the perfect. B．Make a quick choice. C．Ignore what is offered. D．Enjoy what is chosen. （四） （2023·江苏）You drove ten hours to your aunt’s house, and you’re ready to get some sleep in the guest room. But though you’re so tired, sleep just doesn’t come. You turn from side to side in bed all night. And finally, when you do fall asleep, you wake up just an hour later. It’s so easy to fall asleep in your own bed. So why can’t you sleep well here? Martha Hotz Vitaterna, a brain scientist, knows all about this problem. “In some sleep research circles, this is called the “first night effect”, she says. “People do not sleep well the first night. There is less slow brainwave activity, meaning not as much time in deep sleep. In animal studies, we see this phenomenon (现象) as well.” The fact that this happens in other animals, too, makes scientists think that bad sleep in new places is the result of a very old process inside your brain. It may date back to the time long before humans evolved (进化). When you’re in your own bed, your brain knows it’s home and you will be safe. It can relax and fall into a deep, healthy sleep. But when you sleep in an unfamiliar place, your brain stays slightly attentive to make sure no dangers are nearby. Even familiar sounds still make you worried. What’s that? Is it dangerous? It wakes up the brain to keep you ready to escape if you need to. But there’s good news: for most people, after just one or two nights in a new place, our anxious brains start to feel safe again. And finally we can have a full night of sleep. 14．What is the “first night effect”? A．Poor sleep on the first night. B．Less rapid brainwave activity. C．Long deep sleep all night. D．Good habit of sleeping. 15．From paragraph 3 we know that bad sleep in new places ________. A．brings danger to health B．exists only in humans C．has bad effects on the brain D．has a very long history 16．Why is it harder to sleep in new places? A．There are real dangers nearby. B．New beds feel uncomfortable. C．People feel unsafe and worried. D．The brain stops working normally. 17．What’s good news for most people? A．Brains no longer feel safe. B．They will have a quick mind. C．They can finally sleep well. D．Unfamiliar sounds disappear. （五） （2022·陕西）A teenager needs to have a sense of independence in their life to feel secure (安全的). To some teenagers independence means a lot to them, and I think that some parents don’t allow their teenagers enough independence. Independence has something to do with freedom. Some kids are not allowed to go anywhere alone, and the only thing their schedule includes is going to school, coming home, going to sleep, and repeating the process the next day. Parents tend to be afraid that their kids can get hurt if they go outside into the world. But if parents control their kids too much, they may never learn to live on their own. The best way for a teenager to learn lesson is through experience. I think it is beneficial for teenagers to have freedom. Teenagers’ lack of freedom can also stop them from having good friendship at school. Some might say this is a good thing, because it helps them focus more on their school work. I argue that this can only discourage them not to do their school work. Some parents do not allow their children to be around their friends outside the school, thinking that this will get them into trouble. But I don’t think so. Instead, isn’t this a good reason for parents to get their children a cellphone? Cellphones allow teenagers to stay in touch with their parents, and communicate with friends. Privacy is another issue between parents and their teenagers. Teenagers tend to enjoy relaxation by themselves in their own room. This also gives them a sense of independence. It often annoys teenagers when their parents enter their room when they are not home. I know that my mom always goes in my room when I’m not home, and this has brought me to the point where I have asked many times to get a lock on my door. 18．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．It benefits teenagers to have freedom. B．Some parents allow their kids no freedom. C．Kids know how to live independently. D．Kids have a dull routine every day 19．In the opinion of the author, ________ . A．it is unnecessary for a kid to have a cellphone B．kids should focus on the school work C．parents should make it easy for kids to communicate with their friends D．good friendships between kids harm their school work 20．How do teenagers usually feel when their parents enter their rooms in their absence? A．Angry B．Lucky C．Disappointed D．Calm 21．The author hopes to have her door locked in order to________. A．keep her father from reading her dairy B．stop thieves from going in C．protect herself from any harm D．prevent her mother entering her room （六） （2023·浙江）Recycling is a great way of doing your bit for the environment and helping to protect the earth’s precious resources. However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. David Heaton, a business director at Biffa, said: “Pollution happens when items are disposed of in the wrong bins or haven’t been cleaned before being recycled.” Experts at Biffa analyzed the amounts of non-target and non-recyclable materials that entered UK material recycling facilities between 2016 and 2020. It was found that, in 2016, the average pollution rate of recycling waste was 13.4 percent, rising over four years to 17 percent by the end of 2020. This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses. The Biffa experts say that one of the best ways to prevent pollution of recycling is to clean recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. They suggest cutting off the top of old pizza boxes and only recycling that part to avoid pollution from the grease (油脂). Check the on-packaging recycling label to check it can actually be recycled When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. In general, resin codes 1, 2, 4 and 5 are recyclable, while 3, 6 and 7 are not. Larger items, like electronics, furniture and batteries, can also be recycled but often can not go in household recycling bins as they need specialist separating. These will need to be taken to recycling centers or sustainable waste management companies. “It’s vital as a nation that we get better at effective ‘pre-cycling’— sorting waste correctly before collection to reduce pollution rates,” added Mr. Heaton. 22．What’s the truth of “wish-cycling” according to the first paragraph? A．The desire to lead a sustainable life. B．The good intention to help recycling. C．The habit of throwing items that end up in landfills. D．The practice of recycling items that can not be recycled. 23．What has experts at Biffa concluded after their analysis? A．People are becoming more eco-conscious. B．Wish-cycling is on the rise in recent years. C．Pollution happens less frequently in recycling facilities. D．People are used to cleaning recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. 24．Which of the following is a proper way of recycling? A．Dispose of electronics together with household waste. B．Skip the step of checking the on-packaging recycling label. C．Check the resin code of plastics to see whether it is recyclable or not. D．Cutoff the top of old pizza box and throw the rest to the recycling bin. 25．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Recycling: a Big Project B．Wish-cycling: a New Trend C．Wish-cycling: a Growing Concern D．Pre-cycling: an Effective Method （七） （2023·辽宁）More and more people are using crowd-funding to pay for their projects and create new products. Crowdfunding is when a per-son or business gets many small payments from a large number of people. Usually, the way to do this is to use the Internet. In-stead of trying to get a few people to give thousands of dollars, you get hundreds of people, maybe thousands, to give a few dollars. But this is still not easy. You want people to see the value of your idea. How will you get them to give the dollars they earn to you? *Successful projects are those that got the money they wanted. There are websites that make this opportunity possible. Kickstarter and GoGet-Funding are popular. You create a short video to explain your project. The most important part is getting your message across. Just because you’ve made your idea known doesn’t mean you will get the money you need. You still need to sell your idea. Many people begin by explaining what the product is and then telling why people need it. For example, one of the most popular crowdfunded products is a watch. The Pebble watch connects with in-formation on a smartphone that will send information to the watch. More than 65,000 people gave money for this product.Crowdfunding raised $10.3 million for it.However, it’s not just products that people use crowdfunding for. People use it for their music, film, art, or writing projects. Projects usually get from 25 to 40 per-cent of their money from crowdfunding sites. Who is giving all the money? When people need money, they often ask their friends and family. Crowdfunding often works the same way, but once you create your video and message, your friends share it with their friends. If you’ve created a message that people can connect to, you get many more people to give. Why do these people give? First, there is the “feel-good” factor. Giving money makes people feel good. Second, many small businesses offer rewards to people. Third, sometimes the reward is simply getting to use the product. And this is part of the success of crowdfunding. You could make a difference. 26．Where do people usually get crowdfunding? A．In newspapers. B．On the Internet. C．On the streets. D．In shopping centers. 27．Which project type is the least successful according to the Bar Graph? A．Art. B．Music. C．Publishing. D．Film and video. 28．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．People use crowdfunding only for products. B．The Pebble watch sends information to the smartphone. C．You can post a short video for crowd-funding on Kickstarter. D．You will get the money you need once you get your message across. 29．People give money to crowdfunding projects because of the reasons EXCEPT . A．They feel great B．They will receive praise C．They can use the product D．They will get some rewards 30．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To give advice on crowdfunding. B．To persuade people to give money. C．To help people to get more money. D．To give an introduction to crowd-funding. （八） （2023·辽宁）For centuries, the power of Chinese emperors rose and fell with their control of the Grand Canal. Today, this waterway is shorter than it once was, but it is still the longest man-made river in the world. Importantly, the Grand Canal continues to provide a significant cultural and economic link for modern China. The  original  canal  system  began around the year 605. China’s Emperor Yang realized that he needed a better way to move food quickly to his army from China’s southern rice-growing region to the country’s north. So about one million people-mostly farmers-worked on the construction of the first section of the Grand Canal, which took six years. Over the next 500 years, the canal’s importance grew. However, by 1127 , parts had begun to deteriorate. In 1279, Kublai Khan began to repair and build new parts of the canal, which created a more direct north-south route to and from Beijing. Future rulers continued to expand and improve the waterway, and it eventually became an important national lifeline. In addition to moving rice around China, the Grand Canal was an important cultural connection. Soldiers, businessmen,and artists transported ideas, regional foods, and cultural practices from one part of China to another. According to ancient stories, this is how Beijing acquired two of its best-known trademarks. Peking duck,a dish from Shandong Province, and the Peking opera, from Anhui and Hubei regions,were both brought north by the canal. For more than a thousand years, goods have been transported along the Grand Canal.Even today, the country’s watery highway plays an important economic role in China. Boats continue to carry tons of goods. In addition, local governments-eager to in-crease tourism and real estate (房地产) development-are beautifying areas along the canal. In 2005, a group of citizens proposed that the historic Grand Canal be made a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was officially granted (批准) in 2014. The hope now is that the Grand Canal-one of the world’s great engineering achievements -will continue to link north and south China for centuries to come. 31．Why was the Grand Canal originally built? A．To enable more people to visit distant parts of China. B．To allow the army to move quickly from the north to the south. C．To promote the cultural and traditional connection of south China. D．To transport food from the southern regions of China to the north. 32．What is NOT true about the Grand Canal? A．It took six years to complete its first section. B．Even today, it is the longest man-made river in the world. C．Around a million people worked on the first part of the canal. D．It allowed Peking duck and the Peking opera to spread to southern China. 33．What does the uderlined word “deteriorate” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Get worse. B．Get destroyed. C．Get shorter. D．Get repaired. 34．What might be the best heading for Paragraph 4? A．Renewed Importance. B．Cultural Connections. C．The Army’s Highway. D．The Origins of the Peking Opera. 35．What happened to the Grand Canal in 2014? A．Construction of the Canal began. B．New parts of the Canal were built. C．The Grand Canal became a World Heritage Site. D．The Grand Canal was proposed as a UNESCO Heritage Site. （九） （2023·宁夏）For many kids in Africa, the colorful PlayPump (踏水车) is the first playground thing they have ever seen. When the children give it a push and jump in for their first ride, smiles of wonder appears on their faces. The fun of going round and round in a circle is just part of the wonder. The wonderful invention doesn’t only change the kids’ play time, but also makes a big difference to the people’s lives. As the merry-go-round starts, it pumps (用泵输送) clean water up from deep underground and keeps it in a huge tank (桶). People are welcomed to come and help themselves to get the water for free. They are very happy these days. In the countryside of Africa, very few people could drink clean water. They don’t have machines that can get water in their homes. Instead, they often walk a long way to carry water back. Patricia Molope, a fifteen-year-old girl, explains that before her village in South Africa got a PlayPump, people would pay a taxi driver to take them to a well far from their homes. “Sometimes the taxi drivers were so busy that we would have to stop taking showers in order to save water. It was so far to walk there, but at present we have our own clean water in the village, and the life is better, too.” The hard job of carrying water usually is done by women and girls. Carrying water for miles and hours each day is such a heavy job that it sometimes prevents girls from being able to go to school. Thanks to the PlayPump, getting water is quicker and easier-and even boys join in. The pumps have become a new activity. Kids and adults seem to love playing with them while collecting water. A boy named Khumalo, twelve years old, says, ”I have seen many kinds of water pumps, but have never seen one that can keep water. When I grow up, I want to be an inventor so I can also invent clever things like the PlayPump that will help my country.“ So far, more than 800 PlayPumps are being operated in schools and neighborhoods in four African countries, providing water for almost two million people. 36．What do people need to do to get water from a PlayPump? A．Walk for a long way. B．Give it a push. C．Make it in a circle. D．Use a big tank. 37．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to the ________. A．Pump B．Merry-go-round C．PlayPump D．Underground 38．Why getting water used to be hard for Patricia Molope? A．Because she didn’t know how to use a PlayPump. B．Because she had no money to pay a taxi driver. C．Because the only place to get water was far away from home. D．Because there was not enough water in the well. 39．What is the main idea of the story? A．The PlayPump can bring people together. B．The PlayPump helps turn work into play. C．Every country in the world is thirsty. D．The PlayPump is a great invention in the world. （十） （2023·湖北）The great flight of the Chinese astronaut (宇航员) Yang Liwei in 2003 made China the third country in the world to send a person into space. His journey of 600, 000 kilometres took one day. But the training of astronauts like Yang Liwei takes years and is very hard. As a basic requirement, trainee (受训者) astronauts must be fighter pilots with over 600 hours of flying. This means that they have experience of flying at high speed and dealing with changes in air pressure. As well, they must have at least 4 years of college education and must be very strong and healthy. A normal trainee is 25-35 years old, weighs 55-70 kilogrammes and is 1. 60-1. 72 metres tall. Pilots with the basic requirements then go through a long period of examination to see if they are fit for training. They stay in hospital for a month of tests, which check for any kind of physical (生理的) weakness. Moreover, they have to sit in a chair which turns around at high speed for 15 minutes, to find out how their body works. There are also mental tests to find out how they will deal with living in a very small room, and how well they will respond to dangers and solve problems. Once they are chosen, the pilots go through a five-year course to prepare them for space flights. At the end of the five-year programme, there are final tests for the trainees. After passing these tests, they have succeeded in becoming real astronauts. 40．Why is Yang Liwei mentioned at the beginning of the text? A．To find a result. B．To do a research. C．To introduce a topic. 41．Which of the following meets the requirements to be an astronaut? A．29 years of age. B．1. 80 metres in height. C．75 kilogrammes in weight. 42．What is the purpose of mental tests for the pilots? A．To ensure their proper response. B．To warn them of possible dangers. C．To prepare them for fighter flights. 43．What is the best title for the text? A．Taking a PE Training B．Fighting to Be a Fighter Pilot C．Choosing Astronauts in China （十一） （2023·广东）A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. The map, called ClimateEX, allows users to see how global warming (全球 变暖)influences temperature and rainfall across the Earth. The map shows, in the UK, areas of eastern Scotland have been most influenced by climate change. In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. The map also shows that over the next 50 years parts of Wales and northeast England will see big changes to their climate. Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America will be subject to terrible heat and rainfall. Papua New Guinea, southeastern China, the west coast of the US, Greenland and the Arctic are also easily influenced, most importantly for sea level change. ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. The user simply touches the place where storms are frequent at present on the map and then ClimateEX will show all the places where storms are likely to happen in 50 years. 44．A rise in temperature and loss of rainfall have happened in ____. A．the US B．China C．Papua New Guinea D．the UK 45．The map tells the climate change in the future by _. A．setting up weather stations B．recording rainfall C．measuring the sea levels D．using past climate data 46．The underlined phrase be subject to in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____. A．cause B．suffer C．avoid D．change 47．According to the last paragraph, the map can _____. A．reduce the influences of climate change B．change the climates of different countries C．show where extreme climates will happen D．suggest how people deal with climate change 48．What is the best title for the passage? A．Increasing Rainfall B．An Amazing Map C．A Map of the World D．Changeable Climate （十二） （2023·湖北）Paris, France is known as the city of love. Now, the city hopes to also be known as the most bike-friendly city in Europe. That’s because Paris is planning to improve its infrastructure (基础设施) to become a safe cycling place by 2026. This is a major change from a city that was once considered harmful for bicycle riders. Now, city leaders are hoping for a 100 percent turn around. Today, over 1 million Parisians are traveling by bike daily without the proper infrastructure, using lanes (车道) shared by cars and motorcycles. This will all soon change. Some of these measures are already in place. As part of the 2021-2016 cycling plarcalled Velo Act 2, bicycle parking will be increased at the same time car parking spaces are reduced. The city has already removed 70 percent of its on-street automobile spots. There will be 40,000 secure bike spaces installed near railroad stations funded by the city and an additional 50,000 will be built. Paris already has 1,000 km of safe bike paths including 52 km that were added during the coronavirus pandemic (新冠疫情) when people were hesitant to use public transportation. There are now plans to add an additional 130 km of paths to encourage people to cycle. The aim of Velo Act 2 is to allow people to cycle from one end of Paris to another. “This cycling plan is one of the essential parts of ecological and social transformation that we are leading in Paris,” said David Belliard. 49．What is Paris famous for? A．Love. B．Bikes. C．Environment. 50．What makes Parisians traveling by bike concerned? A．Safety. B．Speed. C．Cost. 51．Why will an additional 130 km of paths be added? A．To reduce jam. B．To increase attention. C．To encourage cycling. 52．What is David Belliard’s attitude to Velo Act 2? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. （十三） （2023·湖北）Nowadays, schools still focus on traditional subjects more than modern subjects. Many subjects can not meet the needs of the future jobs. I completely agree with the statement that schools too much concentrate on traditional subjects. To begin with, schools must be more flexible in the education because every student will choose and follow the different ways. So they need a different knowledge’s source. For example, the technology development is becoming a vital part in modern society which demands a number of skilled workforce (劳动力). As a result, if students are skilled in using computer or machine, they will achieve success in their career. In addition, the traditional subjects always teach a lot of theories than skills. That is the reason why many students feel bored when studying them, such as history, literature or geography. But people can ignore them because all the subjects are concerned about culture and the society’s problems. So the education system should be improved. Instead of researching lessons in class or books, we need to hold the meeting or game shows to exchange knowledge and skills between students. Besides, schools have to add some soft skill subjects. In conclusion, the traditional subjects are still being concentrated too much, Schools should improve systems so that students can acquire many new things and meet the needs in the world of work. 53．Why should education be flexible in schools? A．Students are tired of studying B．Each student has different needs C．Students’ interests are various 54．What do traditional subjects value more? A．Theories. B．Skills. C．Grades. 55．What does the author agree to do? A．Read books aloud. B．Research lessons in class. C．Increase soft skill subjects. 56．How would the author feel about the traditional subjects? A．They require improving. B．They are discouraging. C．They prove useless. （十四） （2023·浙江）Are you a different person when you speak a foreign language? That’s just one of the questions The New Yorker’s writer and native North Carolinian Lauren Collins explores in her engaging autobiography, about her tough efforts to master French after marrying a Frenchman whose name — Olivier — she couldn’t even pronounce properly. When in French ranges from the humorously personal to a deeper look at various theories of language acquisition and linguistics. The couple met in London “on more or less neutral ground: his continent, my language.” But the balance shifted when they moved to Geneva for Olivier’s work. The normally voluble Collins found herself at a loss — “nearly speechless.” The language barrier, and her dependence on her husband for simple things like buying the right cut of meat worsened her mixed feelings about “unlovely, but not ridiculous” Geneva. She comments, “Language, as much as land, is a place. To be cut off from it is to be, in a sense, homeless.” Her sense of alienation (疏离感) leads to an examination of America’s miserable record when it comes to foreign languages: “Linguists call America ‘the graveyard of languages’ because of its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations,” Collins writes. Educated in Wilmington, N.C．, and at Princeton, she could — like the vast majority of Americans — only speak their mother tongue. Eight months after she moved to Switzerland, Collins gave up on the natural acquisition of language and finally enrolls in a French course. As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary, Collins notes smartly that vert (green), verre (glass), ver (worm), vers (toward), and vair (squirrel) compose a quintuple homonym (同形异义). “Although it’s difficult, French can be tried,” she says. Yet French is actually considered among the easiest languages for an English speaker to learn, especially compared to Arabic or Mandarin Chinese. Collins, whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia (nonsense speech) and shibboleth (catchword or slogan), finds plenty of terrific French words to love. She writes, “English is a trust fund, an unearned inheritance, but I've worked for every bit of French I've banked.” Unlike Jhumpa Lahiri, who became so hooked on Italian and used it to write In Other Words, Collins’ goals for learning French were more modest: “I wanted to speak French and to sound like North Carolina.” She also wanted to be able to deal with chimney sweeps and butchers, communicate with her in-laws, and “to touch Olivier in his own language.” She admits that she feels different speaking French: “Its austerity (朴素) made me feel more confused.” 57．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “voluble” in Paragraph 2? A．Graceful. B．Dependent. C．Talkative. D．Energetic. 58．Why do linguists call America “the graveyard of languages”? A．Because other languages are prohibited in America. B．Because only English-speaking people can immigrate into America. C．Because immigrants’ native languages contradict English in America. D．Because American culture swallows up immigrants’ native languages gradually. 59．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5? A．Collins’ English vocabulary knowledge contributes little to her French learning. B．Collins has found out some effective ways of mastering French words. C．Arabic or Mandarin Chinese is easier to learn than French for English speakers. D．It’s terrifying for Collins to have French words in store for practical use. （十五） （2023·湖南）Long ago, many people had gardens. Fewer people were interested in having gardens. But in the past few years, this has begun to change. More people are starting to make gardens again. People of all ages are learning the joy of planting. Maybe you would like to start your own garden. It’s easier than you may think. The first step is making some choices. What sort of plants do you like? What do you want to grow? Many people have flower gardens. People grow these gardens for the way that they look. They are pretty to look at. Flowers can have many shapes and many colors. Other people grow food in their gardens. They grow fruits and vegetables. These gardens are helpful. Some people like both types of gardens, so they have flowers and food. After you choose the type of garden you want, you’ll need a good location for it. The best place for a small garden is in a yard. One of the most important things to look for is sun. Always put your garden in a sunny spot. You should also put your garden in a place that is easy to get to. And you will want to put flowers in a place where everyone can see them. Each kind of plant is different. Once you choose the plants you want, you have to learn a little about them. Some plants grow best in spring. Others should be planted in summer. A few plants grow all year long. Choose when you will do your planting. Then choose the best plants to grow. I’m sure you will enjoy your garden. Gardens can be very pretty. What’s nicer than seeing bright flowers all around you? You can also grow many kinds of great foods. Some people say food they grow themselves tastes better. Best of all, gardens are just plain fun. 60．Now people think planting a garden is _____________. A．hard B．boring C．traditional D．joyful 61．What’s the first step if you want to start your garden? A．Making choices. B．Planting flowers. C．Growing food. D．Buying fruits and vegetables. 62．What is the best location for a garden? A．In a cool place. B．Outside your yard. C．Near a park. D．In a sunny spot. 63．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To explain what plants to grow. B．To tell people how to start a garden. C．To ask people for ideas about gardens. D．To encourage people to grow their own food. （十六） （2023·山西）Can you imagine that there are a huge number of tiny waste pieces in the Arctic(北冰洋的)sea ice? Because of the waste pieces, 30,000 kinds of animals are in danger. It’s true that one person’s acts alone can’t help the planet. But each one of us can find ways to make our contributions. In the home, we could try not to waste foods. Use a digital meal planner to get a right amount of food so that everything we buy and cook gets eaten. Learn how to store foods to keep them fresh longer. Be sure to use proper ways to keep our home warm. For example, we can replace old windows with energy-saving ones. At the store, we could green our habits. Buy reusable plates, but not single-use ones. Buy home tissue not made of materials which may lead to destruction of forests. Buy glass cups instead of paper ones. In the community, we could help keep its plants healthy. Take part in tree-planting projects or grass-cutting activities to help plants grow well. Our actions alone can’t save the planet, but the above ways and habits can help. 64．What puts so many animals in danger? A．Cold ice. B．Waste pieces. C．Bad weather. D．People’s acts. 65．Why should we use a digital meal planner? A．To avoid wasting foods. B．To cook delicious foods. C．To keep foods fresh. D．To store foods. 66．What does the underlined word “reusable” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．That can be kept long. B．That can be used again. C．That can be thrown away. D．That can be used only once. 67．Why does the author write this passage? A．To protect animals. B．To describe the future of the planet. C．To encourage an environment friendly life. D．To introduce shopping places for green products. （十七） （2023·河南）Conifers (针叶树) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落叶的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved. Trees and other greener in cities provide many benefits that are important for the well-being of residents. Leaves and needled on trees filter air pollutants and reduce exposure to poisonous substance in the air. But which trees purify the air most effectively? Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed. “This tree collection provided a unique opportunity to test many different species of trees with similar environmental conditions and exposure to air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg, a researcher of the GBG A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多环芳烃). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines. “Our analysis show that different species of trees have different abilities to absorb air pollutants. Conifers generally absorb morn gaseous paths than broad-leaved trees. Another advantage of conifers is that they also act as air purifies in winter, when air pollution is usually at its highest,” said Jenny Klingberg. “This study contributes to improving our understanding of the ability of trees to clean the air and which species are best at absorbing air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg. This known-edge is important for urban planning when designing sustainable cities. While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions. 68．Which is the determining factor in choosing the most suitable tries to purify air? A．Air quality. B．Geographical location. C．The height of plants. D．The kind of pollutants. 69．Why did the researchers collect leaves and needled from GBG? A．To compare their shapes. B．To create a tree collection. C．To figure out what they absorb. D．To display them on exhibition. 70．What may cause more paths to be released? A．Fuel vehicle’s. B．Electric engines. C．Traffic accidents. D．Complete burning. 71．What is the most effective way to better air quality in cities? A．Decreasing emissions. B．Planting more conifers. C．Raising public awareness. D．Designing sustainable cities. （十八） （2023·湖南）Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with no warning. They move quickly, pull trees out of the ground, destroy buildings and hurt people. Being caught in a flood is dangerous, not only because there is so much water and it’s moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Debris (残骸) in the current can injure anyone in the floodwater, making swimming more difficult. To survive a flash flood, keep the following things in your mind. If a flood warning is issued, try to find a shelter immediately. Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters. Avoid bridges that cross rapidly moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to break. Stay inside a car that is trapped in fast-moving water. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car, and then move to the roof of it. Avoid power lines. A knocked-down power line can cause surrounding water to become charged, leading to injury Listen to the broadcast for further instructions before getting away from the flood successfully. The results of a flood can be just as deadly. It can cause power failure and traffic jams, and break down communication. In addition, it may not be possible to deliver food and water to the flooded area. After the flood, return to your home only after local governments have said it is safe to do so. Use bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking. And avoid driving through flooded areas and walking alone outside at night. 72．When a flash flood happens, you should _______. A．try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters B．choose the bridges that cross rapidly moving water C．get out of a car that is trapped in fast-moving water D．avoid power lines 73．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The car. B．The bridge. C．The house. D．The power line. 74．After the flood, it is safe to _____. A．go back to your home quickly B．use bottled or boiled water C．drive through flooded areas D．walk alone outside at night 75．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A diary. B．A story book. C．A newspaper. D．A travel guidebook. （十九） （2023·云南）The sky is blue, and the sunshines on the street in Paris, where Mr. Gallais has been selling old classic books to tourists for more than 30 years. Locals and tourists around the world would come to Mr. Gallai’s shop and 230 other open-air booksellers’ to buy book. However, because of the lockdown regulations to control the COVID-19 pandemic, the booksellers had to face the problem of losing the business and living difficulties these years. “Sales have decreased by an average of 80 percent this year,” Mr. Gala is said, “which is throwing many booksellers into dangerous situations.” Still, some booksellers want to work. They are eager to keep the tradition that dates back to the l6th century. Many of the booksellers are retired workers living on pensions (养老金). They gather literature books and magazines. A growing number of people in their 30s and 40s have joined their ranks. They want to feel free from working outside an office in rain or shine. Even before the pandemic, the booksellers were fighting with the cultural changes that people don’t read paper books as much as they used to. If they do read paper books, most readers will often choose Amazon.com to buy ones. 76．How long has Mr. Gallais been selling old classic books along the bank? A．More than 16 years. B．More than 19 years. C．More than 23 years. D．More than 30 years. 77．What’s the main cause of the booksellers’ living difficulties these years? A．The booksellers’ competition. B．The lockdown regulations. C．The trend of a new profession. D．The popularity of E-books. 78．Why did many people in their 30s and 40s become sellers? A．They are not willing to accept advances. B．They are eager to live a challenging life. C．They want to feel free from working outside. D．They can earn a large amount of money. 79．What can we infer from the passage? A．Mr. Gallais isn’t a bookseller. B．Middle-aged people don’t join the ranks. C．Retired booksellers don’t gather literature books and magazines. D．Booksellers make efforts to keep the bookselling tradition. （二十） （2023北京）A lot of us spend most of our working day sitting at the computer without moving at all. So, how does the world keep fit? Let’s have a look at some of the latest exercises from around the world. Towerrunning is a sport you can do in the tall buildings of almost any big city. All you need to do is start at the bottom of an office tower and run up all the stairs until you get to the top. Now, towerrunning has become popular with important races taking place in some of the world’s tallest towers, like the China World Trade Centre in Beijing. Piloxing started in the USA．The sport is a mix between boxing, pilates (普拉提) and dance. Piloxing uses the power and speed of boxing, while building your muscles and strength with pilates. All of this happens to non-stop loud music, and you learn some great dance moves too. Paddle boarding on the ocean might look easy, but it is a tough sport. You need to be strong to keep your balance. The sport was adapted from surfing and it had its roots in Polynesia where people used paddling for both work and play-from transport to catching waves. Trapeze may remind you of the circus act-people fly, dance and move from side to side through the air. Jules Leotard developed the art of trapeze in the mid-nineteenth century in France. To perform trapeze, people must develop upper-body strength to turn and fly. Are you ready? Even a short amount of exercise every day can help us to feel happier and more relaxed. 80．Which exercise must be done in tall buildings? A．Towerrunning. B．Piloxing. C．Paddle boarding. D．Trapeze. 81．Where does paddle boarding come from? A．China. B．The USA． C．Polynesia. D．France. 82．To do trapeze well, people must have . A．strong upper-body strength B．power and speed of boxing C．better running ability D．good swimming skills 83．What does this passage call on people to do? A．Lose weight. B．Get moving. C．Keep working. D．Travel around. （二十一） （2023·广东）Anger is a natural feeling that everyone experiences in life. Some researchers believe the first sound a baby makes when born could be a sign of anger. Anger may be the first feeling we have and respond to. It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. But of course, that is not how we usually think of anger. Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under control. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. We learn this for a good reason. Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. So what can we do to understand and calm this feeling? One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. We can also try to walk away from a situation that causes anger, ask a doctor for advice, or just exercise more in our daily life. And of course we may have many other methods. Whatever solution we choose, as long as we are trying to find the solution to the problem, we have already taken the first step in the right direction. 84．According to Paragraph 1, anger can _____. A．lead to justice B．keep us healthy C．help us tell right from wrong D．help us make things better 85．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．We are taught to control anger. B．Anger appears early in life. C．We shouldn’t get angry at work. D．Angry children should be punished. 86．The underlined word “suppresses” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____. A．holds in B．takes in C．expresses D．understands 87．Which of the following can help deal with anger? A．Excellent physical health. B．A talk with a close friend. C．Some exercises given by teachers. D．A good relationship with others. 88．What does the author think of anger? A．Anger shown by children is unacceptable. B．Anger leads to deadly mental and physical illnesses. C．Anger can be a healthy feeling and need be treated properly. D．Anger builds up relationships with our friends or workmates. （二十二） （2023·河北）When it comes to the history of snow skiing, there is the early history and the modern history. The modern history is tied to the Scandinavian countries. Scandinavian farmers and hunters used skis regularly during the Middle Ages. By the 17th century, the Swedish Amy was competing (竞争) on skis and using them for battle purposes as well. The history of skiing is complicated (复杂的), and there’s no telling no how many people had their hands in the development of skis over the years. Interestingly enough, skis were used in the Sierra Nevada Mountains during the gold rush, and downhill races were organized by mining camps. By the late 1800s, people all over the world were experimenting with skis and using them for all kinds of purposes. In 1888, for example, a Norwegian man named Frigidity Nansen crossed Greenland on skis. Nansen kept a journal of this trip, and when this journal was published in 1890, it brought great interest in skiing in both Europe and the United States. This is one of the most important moments in the history of snow skiing. The history of skiing sees the activity, or sport if you prefer, really taking off around the tur of the 20th century. People started taking on all kinds of skiing challenges in the late 1800s and early 1900s, and the technology continued to get better. The first package ski vacations were offered in and around 1903. The Winter Olympics only helped the sport become popular. In 1932, both ski jumping and cross-country skiing were events that were featured in the Winter Olympics at Lake Placid. After first featuring as a demonstration (演示) sport a the 1988 Calgary Games, freestyle skiing was introduced to the Winter Olympic programme in 1992. There were 13 events in freestyle skiing at Beijing 2022. 89．Why are the Scandinavian countries mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To give an example. B．To explain the sports. C．To introduce the topic. D．To put forward an argument. 90．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The development of skis. B．The experiment with gold. C．The history of Greenland. D．The story of a mining camp. 91．What made Europeans and Americans interested in skiing? A．A long battle. B．A Norwegian’s wisdom. C．The gold rush. D．The publication of a journal. 92．When did the first package ski vacations appear? A．In 1888. B．In the 1600s C．In and around 1903. D．In the 1800s. 93．What event became part of the 1992 Winter Olympics? A．Freestyle skiing B．Ski jumping C．Cross-county skiing D．Downhill races. 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$