专题04 阅读理解（记叙文+新闻报道）-【好题汇编】备战2025年高中学业水平合格考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）

专题04阅读理解（记叙文+新闻报道） （一） （2024·北京）Fruit For All One day in 2020, a high school student named Zach Selby found out a way to help people who need food. The organisations he learned about take extra fruit from fruit trees and give it to local food banks. Selby decided he could start his own group in his neighbourhood. He called the group Fruit For All(FFA). It is a non- profit group that collects extra fruit from homeowners’ trees and donates it to local food banks. To make FFA successful, Selby needed eager volunteers and trees with fruit. Selby asked community members to call or contact him online and let him know whether they had trees with extra fruit. At first, it was difficult to find people who were willing to contribute the fruit in their trees. But as news of Selby’s idea spread, people contacted him. Soon, FFA was really “growing”! With the help of his brother Jack and other volunteers, Selby has gathered and donated more than 70,000 pounds of fruit to local food banks. The group usually works on the weekends, and the volunteers travel as far as 20 miles from Selby’s house. The volunteers usually gather about 500 pounds of fruit each weekend. But one weekend they collected over 2,000 pounds of fruit! FFA also has a website that explains the group’s goal, which is to inspire people to help. Visitors to the website learn three ways they can take part in. They can allow volunteers to pick fruit from their trees. They can volunteer to pick fruit. And they can start an FFA group in their own area. People who are interested can also use the website to ask Selby and Jack questions and post comments. More volunteers are joining in. Although the contributions might be small, they can make a big difference. With the help from groups like FFA, more people are able to enjoy delicious fruit. 1．What does FFA do? A．It offers fruit classes. B．It grows and sells fruit. C．It builds a food factory. D．It collects and donates fruit. 2．What did Selby need to make FFA successful at the start? A．Food markets. B．Volunteers. C．Website designers. D．Money. 3．Website visitors can help FFA by ________. A．explaining its goal B．visiting neighbours C．starting their local FFA D．developing interest in planting 4．What kind of boy is Selby according to the passage? A．Caring. B．Patient. C．Polite. D．Strict. （二） （2024·福建）On April 14th, Jason wrote in his blog: I did it! I just completed my first ultramarathon (超级马拉松). I’m feeling tired and suffering a pain in my feet. But I’m really proud of myself. I didn’t think I could do it. I’ve only been running long-distance for three years. I’ve completed five normal marathons (which are 42 km) but this was much harder than they were. This race was 140 km and it took place over two days. I was very tired after yesterday’s run, but I had to run for seven hours again today! I think the most important thing for me is to get the speed right. If I go too fast, I don’t have enough energy for the end of the race. If I go too slowly, all the other runners leave me behind, and it feels like I’ll never catch up with them. My family can’t understand why I like it. I didn’t like team sport in high school. But long- distance running is different. It’s a challenge. I like pushing myself to do better. I’m not trying to finish first. All I want is to do a better time with each run. And of course, the other good thing is that I’ve raised quite a lot of money for charity with this ultramarathon. I would like to express a big “thank you” to all my friends and family who agreed to give money to the Red Cross. I'm going to do it again next year. Maybe I’ll be able to raise even more! 5．How many normal marathons has Jason completed? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 6．What is the most important thing for Jason in the race of ultramarathon? A．To run fast all the time. B．To save energy for the next race. C．To get the speed right. D．To leave the other runners behind. 7．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Family party. B．Team sport. C．High school. D．Long- distance running. 8．Why did Jason run the ultramarathon? A．To keep healthy and become famous. B．To earn money and live a better life. C．To get a big “thank you” and make friends. D．To challenge himself and raise money for charity. 9．Which of the following can best describe Jason? A．Funny and warm- hearted. B．Polite and easy- going. C．Caring and strong- minded. D．Humorous and hard- working. （三） （2024·湖南）14-year-old Leanne Fan from San Diego, California, was named the grand prize winner of the 2022 3M Young Scientist Challenge, the nation’s top middle school science competition. Leanne Fan developed the Finsen Headphones, a low-cost headphone device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) to detect and treat mid-ear infections (感染) in children — potentially preventing up to 60% of hearing loss in children. The world sees 700 million cases of mid-ear infections every year. Fan hopes that this can be an effective and low-cost treatment option for the thousands who are affected. Fan was inspired to create the headphones three years ago while learning about Niels Finsen, who won the Nobel Prize in 1903 after inventing light therapy to treat bacterial (细菌的) infections. “I thought, ‘This is an amazing idea, and I can apply it to something else in my daily life,’” Fan said. Fan took home the top prize, earning the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” and $25,000. She is planning to use some of the prize money to start the patent process for the headphones. Fan is optimistic that the Finsen Headphones will be able to help people in the near future. “Being part of the 3M Young Scientist Challenge was absolutely the best part of my year,” Fan said. “I could meet scientists that are my age and going for their dreams too, and made some friends.” She hopes to inspire other girls who want to become inventors. “Even a small idea can go far,” she said. “I had an idea to use blue light to kill bacteria and three years later, I’m here.” 10．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The cost of the headphone device. B．The process of blue light therapy. C．The description of the headphones. D．The cases of mid-ear infections. 11．What inspired Leanne Fan to create the headphones? A．Her own daily life. B．Her desire for the Nobel Prize. C．The facts of bacterial infections. D．Niels Finsen’s invention of light therapy. 12．Which of the following can best describe Fan? A．Outgoing. B．Patient. C．Creative. D．Hardworking. 13．What can we learn from Fan’s story? A．Even a small idea can go far. B．Many hands make light work. C．Roses given, fragrance in hand. D．Actions speak louder than words. （四） （2024·湖北）Every day for the last three years, millionaire (百万富翁) Zhong Congrong has picked up rubbish in his neighborhood and spread the environmental awareness to the residents of Chongqing. In fact, the Chongqing businessman’s anti-littering campaign was inspired by a family trip to Hainan during Chinese New Year in 2015. There, he met a retired professor from Tsinghua University who had been picking up rubbish along the beach for four years. Zhong started copying the practice around his home the day after he returned from vacation. Zhong encourages his employees — who are likely to be given 10-yuan fines if they litter at work — to join his campaign, too. But he knows that the problem can’t be solved quickly, and that broader measures must be carried out to achieve long-term success. At first, Zhong’s wife and children felt embarrassed by his behavior. For a while, they even refused to walk next to him in public. Later, however, their attitudes changed, as they realized that their neighborhood was indeed becoming cleaner, and Zhong was being praised by their neighbors. Now, Zhong’s wife has become an anti-littering campaigner herself. “The environment remains dirty no matter how many rubbish collectors there are,” Zhong said. “The only solution is to remind people of the results of littering and hope that it might change their behavior.” 14．What made Zhong Congrong decide to pick up rubbish? A．A trip to Hainan. B．A business meeting. C．A professor’s lecture. 15．What does Zhong do if his employees litter at work? A．Shout at them. B．Fire them at once. C．Punish them. 16．What was Zhong’s wife’s attitude to his behavior at first? A．Angry. B．Joyful. C．Ashamed. 17．What’s the best title for the text? A．Zhong Congrong and His Big Dream B．A Millionaire Who Picks Up Rubbish C．A Millionaire and His Environmental Groups （五） （2024·安徽）When you are little, the whole world feels like a big playground. I was living in Conyers, Georgia the summer it all happened. I was a second grader, but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade. Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way. It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie’s basement. As I opened the basement door, before us lay the biggest room, full of amazing things like guns, dolls, and old clothes. I ran downstairs, and spotted a red steel can. It was paint. I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple, orange, blue and green. “Stephanie, I just found us a project for the day. Get some paintbrushes. We are fixing to paint.” She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work. We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard. There on the road in front of my house, we painted big stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement. Strip e by stripe, our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow. It was fantastic! The sun was starting to sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece. The car pulled slowly into the driveway and from the look on my mother’s face, I could tell that I was in deep trouble. My mother shut the car door and walked towards me. Her eyes glaring she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!” I stood there glaring back at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art. “Now go clean it up!” Mother and I began cleaning the road. Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement. Though years have now passed, I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away. I guess we all need some sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful. 18．What did the writer do with his friend in that afternoon? A．They counted the toys in the house. B．They painted a picture on the road. C．They made a project in the room. D．They moved the paints to the basement. 19．What did the writer want to do when his mother came home? A．To show his artwork to her. B．To introduce Stephanie to her. C．To put the materials back in the yard. D．To prevent her from seeing his painting. 20．In the mother’s eyes, what was the writer like? A．He was a born artist. B．He worked very hard. C．He was a problem solver. D．He always caused trouble. 21．What does the underlined word “rainbow” in the last paragraph mean? A．The beautiful rainbow in the sky. B．The stripes painted on the pavement. C．Something imaginative and fun. D．Important lessons learned in childhood. 22．What should parents do according to the writer? A．They should protect children’s dreams. B．They should encourage children to paint. C．They should value friendship among children. D．They should discover the hidden talent in children. （六） （2024·陕西）Edward rose early on the New-year morning. He looked in every room and wished a Happy New Year to his family. Then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet. When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore. He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family. “I wish you a Happy New Year.” said Edward, as he was passing on. The man shook his head. “You are not from this country.” said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. But he pointed to his mouth and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像) to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.” Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his dollars and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife. They were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “We thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.” When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up. “I have bought no books”, said he. “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” He went on, “I think I can wait for my books till next New Year.” “My dear boy,” said his father, “here are some books for you, more as a prize for your goodness of heart than as a New-year gift.” “I saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor German family. It was nice for a little boy to do so. Be always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a Happy New Year.” 23．Edward expected to ________ with the money he got from his father. A．help the poor family B．buy something to eat C．buy some pretty books D．learn another language 24．Why did the poor man shake his head when Edward spoke to him? A．He couldn’t understand the boy B．He wouldn’t accept the money C．He didn’t like the boy’s language D．He was too cold to say anything 25．How much did Edward give the poor family? A．One dollar B．Two dollars C．Three dollars D．Four dollars 26．We know that Edward ________ from the passage? A．got a prize for his kind heart B．had to buy his books next year C．bought the books at the bookstore D．got more money from his father （七） （2024·海南）“Leftover roast potatoes? There’s no such thing!” shouted people on social media when I shared a suggestion for using up remaining potatoes. This response is common whenever I propose ideas for ingredients (食材) considered “delicious” or a treat: wine, Easter eggs and cream. One person’s trash is another person’s treasure, and all that — but the way we handle leftovers has to change. Because of my work creating recipes, I am constantly dealing with leftover food. I live alone, work from home and enjoy the challenge of transforming leftovers into new culinary delights. During lockdown, I witnessed in people a growing understanding of having to make do with what was already in the cupboards, fridge and freezer. This led to an increasing confidence around making substitutions and understanding food-safety issues (such as the difference between “best before” and “use by”). I learned everything I know about food safety during my professional life. While sharing food with neighbors, friends and the wider community is one way to deal with remaining ingredients, managing random bits and open packets requires a different approach. So in May 2022, I started a series on social media called Rollover Leftovers, showcasing daily short videos of my home cooking. Simple concepts such as refreshing rock-hard bread, freezing leftover chips or creating a “clear out the fridge” tray bake gained millions of views — a much bigger audience than I would expect for anything using tricky methods or fancy ingredients. Use your imagination and trust yourself, and you’ll discover that leftovers can be a joy, not a chore. And if you find you have the leftovers of a great big turkey but are fed up with the sight of it, or you have more cranberry sauce than you could possibly eat alone, why not try joining forces with neighbors or friends? Not so much bring a bottle as bring a loaf, because a post-Christmas leftovers sandwich is truly the best bite of the year. Isn’t it? 27．What do people think of the author’s suggestion for leftovers? A．It is impractical. B．It is typical. C．It is valuable. D．It is irresponsible. 28．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2? A．The new trend in cooking. B．The concern about food safety. C．The importance of professional life. D．The change of household appliances. 29．What can we learn about the series of Rollover Leftovers? A．It teaches cooking principles. B．It is a community programme. C．It focuses on fresh ingredients. D．It has gained great popularity. 30．What should people do with the remaining turkey according to the author? A．Reserve it in a bottle. B．Share it with neighbors or friends. C．Put it in the fridge for the next meal. D．Use it to make sandwiches for charity. （八） （2024·北京）Best friends Tommy, 17, and Daniel, 15, decided to sign up for their school’s robotics team in their freshman year, and began their journey towards changing lives for the better. They began their work with 3D printers to create parts for their robots, but they wanted their impact to be greater. “It started off with a team idea,” Tommy said. “We were trying to figure out how we could make a difference to society as a first-year robotics team. We later thought of the idea of using 3D printers to make prostheses (假肢), like hands.” The team worked with IMAHelps, a nonprofit organization, and received help from the Science Robotics Initiative. Shortly after, they began working with their first person in need of a prosthesis. “We started off with making an artificial (人造的) arm for Samantha, a 12-year-old little girl in Ecuador who lost her arm in a bus accident,” Tommy explains. “We got her measurements and then made the prosthesis. IMAHelps brought it to Samantha and it fit her perfectly and worked well.” “Samantha had a dream to write, and we wanted to help with that,” adds Daniel. It didn’t take long for other kids to see Samantha’s prosthesis. A young man named Ernest Priester, 13, asked to have an artificial foot. Later, the team offered to make him one for free. “He started tearing up. It brought so much joy to his eyes.” Tommy says. This July, the team traveled to Ecuador to deliver four more prostheses to those in need. “We were so happy to help,” Tommy shares. The team also plans on continuing to give away their 3D creations. “You can do whatever you want to do when it comes to helping people and changing the world,” Tommy says. “There are no age limits.” “By offering a little bit,” adds Daniel. “We can change a lot.” 31．To make the robotics team’s impact greater, Tommy and Daniel decided to________. A．create robot parts B．start a robotics course C．make prostheses D．invent a 3D printer 32．What did the robotics team do for Samantha? A．They set up IMAHelps for her. B．They made her an artificial arm. C．They offered her medical treatment. D．They gave her instructions on writing. 33．How does Tommy feel about what they are doing? A．Curious. B．Relaxed. C．Regretful. D．Pleased. 34．Which of the following words can best describe Tommy and Daniel? A．Caring. B．Calm. C．Honest. D．Brave. （九） （2024·新疆）Tian Wangui and his wife Lu Min are villagers in Qiantian Village, Liaoning Province. They began planting trees over forty years ago. With their hard work, the two barren (贫瘠的) mountains are covered by trees now. After leaving the army in the 1980s, Tian got back home and began planting fruit trees on the hills. In 1982, the couple got the contract rights (承包经营权) of two mountains. At first, they planted some young fruit trees on part of the land. In order to water them, they had to carry water up to the top of the mountains many times a day by themselves. Now, the two mountains are covered by more than 50,000 trees of over 20 kinds. More than 2,000 birds live in the trees in the mountains. “We cared for the mountains and trees as we cared for our children,” said Lu. “Even as we grow old, our children will protect the woods, watch over the birds and keep our dream alive.” 35．What did Tian Wangui do before he began planting trees? A．He served in the army. B．He watched over the birds. C．He cared for the children. D．He carried water up to the mountains. 36．Which word can best describe the couple? A．Determined. B．Friendly. C．Curious. D．Brave. 37．What is the passage mainly about? A．A couple got the contract rights by planting trees. B．A couple taught their children to plant trees for over forty years. C．A couple kept planting trees on the mountains for over forty years. D．A couple helped the villagers plant trees on the mountains for over forty years. （十） （2024·北京）Many studies have shown that drinking plenty of water a day is good for our health. People are paying careful attention to that advice, and millions of people choose to buy bottled water to drink. Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down. For the last several years, three designers from Imperial College in London, England, have been working to address the problem of plastic bottles. The team’s goal is to “make packaging waste disappear”. To achieve that goal, these designers have developed a unique product called Ooho. Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble (泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed! Ooho’s skin is made from seaweed (海草). It is nearly tasteless and easy for the body to take in. If people would rather not eat it, however, the skin can be thrown away. In less than a month, it will break down completely. The skin is very affordable to make. First, a ball of water is frozen in a special chemical solution (化学溶液). Next, it is put in a solution made of brown seaweed. Each bubble costs less than two cents to make. It is, therefore, a far cheaper replacement for plastic bottles. The three designers have been figuring out the flaws and searching for possible solutions. For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking. To find out if people are interested in Ooho, the designers have plans in place to hand out their bubbles next year at sporting events like marathons, as well as at entertainment sites. If Ooho becomes popular, people across the country may soon find themselves eating their water instead of drinking it! 38．The author writes the first paragraph to ________. A．answer a question B．express an opinion C．present a problem D．provide an example 39．What is Ooho? A．A protective skin. B．Bubbled water. C．A chemical solution. D．Plastic material. 40．What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Functions. B．Wonders. C．Purposes. D．Weaknesses. 41．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Water That You Can Eat B．Ways to Produce Plastic Bottles C．Waste That Pollutes Our Planet D．Bubbles to Improve Our Health （十一） （2024·湖北）The Chengdu World University Games, held from July 28 to August 8, were more than just medals and sports. A total of 6,500 student-athletes from 113 countries and regions competed at the Chengdu games. Besides showing their skills in different sports, these athletes also learned about many sides of Chinese culture. Each night in the athletes’ village, they could experience activities such as trying on hanfu, playing Chinese chess and playing traditional Chinese music. On July 31, overseas athletes met the 6-year-old Zhi Ma, the panda who inspired the design of Rongbao — the mascot of the Games. Their excitement was obvious as most of them first met with a giant panda in person. To attract the attention of the giant pandas, many athletes also made an effort to learn how to say “come here” in the local Sichuan dialect (方言). Chinese and foreign athletes also made good friends during the games. One of the Chinese words that Brazilian badminton player Welton Menezes picked up was Tan — the family name of Tan Qiang, a Chinese opponent of his. On July 30, Tan beat Menezes with ease in a men’s doubles match during the mixed team event. But the image of Menezes’ worn-out (破旧的) shoes left a deep impression on Tan. He asked for Menezes’ shoe size immediately after the match and gave his own pair of new shoes to Menezes. 42．What did athletes do each night in the athletes’ village according to Paragraph 2? A．Took exercise. B．Played tennis. C．Played Chinese chess. 43．What is Zhi Ma? A．A panda. B．A monkey. C．An athlete. 44．Where is Welton Menezes from? A．China. B．Brazil. C．UK. 45．What’s the best title for the text? A．Unity Through Sports B．Wide Communication C．Interesting Games （十二） （2024·湖北）UN climate talks this year in Bonn have concluded with progress on technical issues, but with bigger questions about cutting carbon emissions (碳排放量) unresolved. Delegates (代表) say they are pleased that the rule book for the Paris Climate Agreement is finally coming together. But these technical discussions took place against the background of a larger battle about coal, oil and gas. It means that next year’s conference in Poland is set for a major showdown (最后的决战) on the future of fossil fuels. This meeting, known as COP23, was tasked with clarifying complex operational issues around the workings (工作方式，运动方式) of the Paris Climate Agreement. One of the most important elements was the development of a process that would help countries to review and increase their promises to cut carbon. Fiji, holding the presidency of this meeting, proposed what’s being called the Talanoa Dialogue. Over the next year, a series of discussions will take place to help countries look at the promises they have made under the Paris Pact (巴黎协定). “A key part in Poland is this Talanoa Dialogue, to make sure it doesn’t result in just a talk show,” said Yamide Dagnet with the World Resources Institute. “In Poland, ministers say they will increase their actions, so that we end up with national plans that will be a much more ambitious set of climate actions.” Threatening over these discussions in Bonn was the question of coal, oil and gas. US coal and nuclear companies organised a presentation here arguing that fossil fuels should be a key part of the solution to rising temperatures. 46．Where was the meeting held this year? A．In Bonn. B．In Poland. C．In Paris. 47．What should be discussed in Poland next year? A．Technical problems. B．Cutting down fossil fuels. C．The Paris Climate Agreement. 48．What can we learn about the Talanoa Dialogue? A．It has been ignored in Poland. B．Ministers was against the dialogue. C．Yamide Dagnet supports the dialogue. 49．Where is the text probably taken from? A．An announcement. B．A news report. C．A show review. （十三） （2024·海南）Chinese researchers have revealed the anti-cancer characteristic of neutrophils (中性粒细胞) — a type of white blood cells—and the related molecular regulation mechanism, providing new insights into cancer diagnosis and treatment. The discovery, made by researchers at the Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Fudan University, was published in Cell on Tuesday. Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells in the human body. As the first line of defence against infections, they play a key role in anti-infection immunity. The researchers collected neutrophils from 143 patients with 17 different types of cancer and analyzed them. They revealed that neutrophils can adopt at least 10 highly specialized and distinct functional states related to inflammation (炎症) , blood vessel formation and—most excitingly—presenting antigens (抗体) to activate powerful cancer-killing T cells. “We were surprised to find such complexity and different roles within neutrophils, which have been ignored for so long,” said Zhang Xiaoming, a researcher at the Institute. “What is especially remarkable is their newly discovered capacity to act as antigen-presenting cells, gathering T cells against cancer. In addition, the abundance of antigen-presenting neutrophils is associated with improved condition across many cancer types revealed in this study,” he said. “This completely changes how we perceive neutrophils in the context of cancer,” said Gao Qiang, a professor at Fudan University. “Now we know we could employ the diverse hidden identities of neutrophils to strengthen the effectiveness of immunotherapy (免疫疗法). We’re thrilled to further explore the potential benefits of these newly uncovered mechanisms in clines.” The study emphasizes the value of single-cell sequencing approaches to reveal new functional dimension even within seemingly well-understood immune cells. Tapping into the hidden potential of neutrophils may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis and treatment. 50．How was the anti-cancer function of neutrophils discovered? A．By referring to previous research. B．By collecting and analyzing data. C．By seeking guidance from experts. D．By observing patients with inflammation. 51．Which of the following is a function of neutrophils? A．Getting together T cells when needed. B．Preventing the formation of antigens. C．Speeding up the blood flow. D．Distinguishing different types of cancer. 52．What’s Gao Qiang’s attitude towards the new research? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Worried. D．Unclear. 53．What can be the best title for the text? A．Blood Cells Successfully Fight Against Severe Cancer B．China Makes Great Progress in Fighting Against Diseases C．Further Research Is Needed to Fight Against Cancer D．Researchers Discover New Cancer-fighting Mechanism （十四） （2024·北京）In late June, two companies were given permits to sell chicken meat that has been grown in a lab. The companies say they will be serving the meat in restaurants this summer. Unlike normal chicken meat, lab-grown meat isn’t created by raising and killing chickens. Instead, it’s a meat product developed from animal cells that are grow n in a lab. The process is called “cell-based” or “cultured” meat. The process of creating lab-grown meat is completely different from the normal meat raising process. Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, experts choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good flavour. The first cells come from live animals. Then the cells are grown inside large steel tanks, where they’re fed with everything they need to grow. In a few weeks, the cells grow into sheets of meat. The companies then form this meat into more familiar shapes that can be cooked and sold. The companies say that their meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses huge amounts of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Raising animals for food create s about 15% of the world’s greenhouse gases. That’s why cutting back on eating meat is one of the easiest ways to fight climate change. There are many companies these days that focus on making plant-based meat substitutes (替代物). But since lab-grown meat is made from animal cells, it is very hard to tell it apart from actual meat. It looks, smells, and tastes like chicken. Polls (民意调查) have shown that many people aren’t too interested in lab-grown meat. Lots of people believe that “it just sounds strange”. But Russel Phillips, a biologist, suggests people give it a try. He says that once people try the meat, they will be amazed. The common response must be, “Oh, it tastes like chicken.” But right now, the meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply. It will probably be a long time before you’re able to buy lab-grown chicken in stores. 54．To produce lab-grown meat, the companies should________. A．study how to feed live animals. B．decide where to store meat products. C．add different flavours to sheets of meat. D．select cells suitable for producing meat. 55．As for producing lab-grown meat, Paragraph 4 is mainly about its________. A．future. B．advantage. C．techniques. D．process. 56．What is Russel Phillips’ attitude toward lab-grown meat? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested. 57．The lab-grown meat still has a problem with its________. A．quality. B．safety. C．price. D．taste. 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04阅读理解（记叙文+新闻报道） （一） （2024·北京）Fruit For All One day in 2020, a high school student named Zach Selby found out a way to help people who need food. The organisations he learned about take extra fruit from fruit trees and give it to local food banks. Selby decided he could start his own group in his neighbourhood. He called the group Fruit For All(FFA). It is a non- profit group that collects extra fruit from homeowners’ trees and donates it to local food banks. To make FFA successful, Selby needed eager volunteers and trees with fruit. Selby asked community members to call or contact him online and let him know whether they had trees with extra fruit. At first, it was difficult to find people who were willing to contribute the fruit in their trees. But as news of Selby’s idea spread, people contacted him. Soon, FFA was really “growing”! With the help of his brother Jack and other volunteers, Selby has gathered and donated more than 70,000 pounds of fruit to local food banks. The group usually works on the weekends, and the volunteers travel as far as 20 miles from Selby’s house. The volunteers usually gather about 500 pounds of fruit each weekend. But one weekend they collected over 2,000 pounds of fruit! FFA also has a website that explains the group’s goal, which is to inspire people to help. Visitors to the website learn three ways they can take part in. They can allow volunteers to pick fruit from their trees. They can volunteer to pick fruit. And they can start an FFA group in their own area. People who are interested can also use the website to ask Selby and Jack questions and post comments. More volunteers are joining in. Although the contributions might be small, they can make a big difference. With the help from groups like FFA, more people are able to enjoy delicious fruit. 1．What does FFA do? A．It offers fruit classes. B．It grows and sells fruit. C．It builds a food factory. D．It collects and donates fruit. 2．What did Selby need to make FFA successful at the start? A．Food markets. B．Volunteers. C．Website designers. D．Money. 3．Website visitors can help FFA by ________. A．explaining its goal B．visiting neighbours C．starting their local FFA D．developing interest in planting 4．What kind of boy is Selby according to the passage? A．Caring. B．Patient. C．Polite. D．Strict. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Zach Selby创建FFA非营利组织，来从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段“It is a non- profit group that collects extra fruit from homeowners’ trees and donates it to local food banks.(这是一个非营利组织，从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。)”可知，FFA主要工作是收集和捐赠水果。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段“To make FFA successful, Selby needed eager volunteers and trees with fruit. (为了使FFA取得成功，Selby需要热心的志愿者和结满果实的树木。)”可知，Selby需要志愿者让FFA在一开始就取得成功。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。由文章第四段“Visitors to the website learn three ways they can take part in. They can allow volunteers to pick fruit from their trees. They can volunteer to pick fruit. And they can start an FFA group in their own area. (该网站的访问者学习了三种参与方式。他们可以让志愿者从他们的树上摘水果。他们可以自愿摘水果。他们可以在自己的地区成立一个FFA小组。)”可知，网站访问者可以通过启动当地的FFA来帮助FFA。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。由文章第一段“One day in 2020, a high school student named Zach Selby found out a way to help people who need food. The organisations he learned about take extra fruit from fruit trees and give it to local food banks. Selby decided he could start his own group in his neighbourhood. He called the group Fruit For All(FFA). It is a non- profit group that collects extra fruit from homeowners’ trees and donates it to local food banks.(2020年的一天，一位名叫Zach Selby的高中生找到了一种帮助需要食物的人的方法。他了解到的组织从果树上摘下多余的水果，并将其捐给当地的食品银行。Selby决定他可以在附近成立自己的团体。他称该组织为“全民水果”（FFA）。这是一个非营利组织，从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲Zach Selby创建FFA非营利组织，来从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。由此可知，Zach Selby是一个充满关爱的人。故选A项。 （二） （2024·福建）On April 14th, Jason wrote in his blog: I did it! I just completed my first ultramarathon (超级马拉松). I’m feeling tired and suffering a pain in my feet. But I’m really proud of myself. I didn’t think I could do it. I’ve only been running long-distance for three years. I’ve completed five normal marathons (which are 42 km) but this was much harder than they were. This race was 140 km and it took place over two days. I was very tired after yesterday’s run, but I had to run for seven hours again today! I think the most important thing for me is to get the speed right. If I go too fast, I don’t have enough energy for the end of the race. If I go too slowly, all the other runners leave me behind, and it feels like I’ll never catch up with them. My family can’t understand why I like it. I didn’t like team sport in high school. But long- distance running is different. It’s a challenge. I like pushing myself to do better. I’m not trying to finish first. All I want is to do a better time with each run. And of course, the other good thing is that I’ve raised quite a lot of money for charity with this ultramarathon. I would like to express a big “thank you” to all my friends and family who agreed to give money to the Red Cross. I'm going to do it again next year. Maybe I’ll be able to raise even more! 5．How many normal marathons has Jason completed? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 6．What is the most important thing for Jason in the race of ultramarathon? A．To run fast all the time. B．To save energy for the next race. C．To get the speed right. D．To leave the other runners behind. 7．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Family party. B．Team sport. C．High school. D．Long- distance running. 8．Why did Jason run the ultramarathon? A．To keep healthy and become famous. B．To earn money and live a better life. C．To get a big “thank you” and make friends. D．To challenge himself and raise money for charity. 9．Which of the following can best describe Jason? A．Funny and warm- hearted. B．Polite and easy- going. C．Caring and strong- minded. D．Humorous and hard- working. 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．D 8．D 9．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Jason分享了他完成首次140公里超级马拉松的经历，虽感疲惫但自豪，强调速度控制的重要性，并感谢亲友为红十字会捐款，计划明年再跑。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I’ve completed five normal marathons (which are 42 km) but this was much harder than they were. (我已经完成了五场普通的马拉松（42公里），但这比以前困难得多。) ”可知，Jason完成了五场标准马拉松。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I think the most important thing for me is to get the speed right. (我认为对我来说最重要的是保持正确的速度。) ”可知，在Jason看来，超级马拉松比赛中最重要的事情是“保持正确的速度”。故选C项。 7．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“I didn’t like team sport in high school. But long- distance running is different. (我在高中时不喜欢团队运动。但长跑是不同的。) ”可知，“it”指的是“long-distance running”，即长距离跑步。故选D项。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I like pushing myself to do better. (我喜欢督促自己做得更好。) ”和“And of course, the other good thing is that I’ve raised quite a lot of money for charity with this ultramarathon. (当然，另一件好事是，我通过这场超级马拉松为慈善事业筹集了很多钱。) ”可知，Jason跑步的目的有两个：自我挑战和为慈善筹款。故选D项。 9．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But long- distance running is different. It’s a challenge. I like pushing myself to do better. (但长跑是不同的。这是一个挑战。我喜欢督促自己做得更好。) ”和“And of course, the other good thing is that I’ve raised quite a lot of money for charity with this ultramarathon. (当然，另一件好事是，我通过这场超级马拉松为慈善事业筹集了很多钱。) ”可知，Jason参与超级马拉松不仅是喜欢挑战自己，通过跑步不断超越自己，还为了慈善机构筹集资金，显示出他既有爱心又意志坚定。 故选C项。 （三） （2024·湖南）14-year-old Leanne Fan from San Diego, California, was named the grand prize winner of the 2022 3M Young Scientist Challenge, the nation’s top middle school science competition. Leanne Fan developed the Finsen Headphones, a low-cost headphone device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) to detect and treat mid-ear infections (感染) in children — potentially preventing up to 60% of hearing loss in children. The world sees 700 million cases of mid-ear infections every year. Fan hopes that this can be an effective and low-cost treatment option for the thousands who are affected. Fan was inspired to create the headphones three years ago while learning about Niels Finsen, who won the Nobel Prize in 1903 after inventing light therapy to treat bacterial (细菌的) infections. “I thought, ‘This is an amazing idea, and I can apply it to something else in my daily life,’” Fan said. Fan took home the top prize, earning the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” and $25,000. She is planning to use some of the prize money to start the patent process for the headphones. Fan is optimistic that the Finsen Headphones will be able to help people in the near future. “Being part of the 3M Young Scientist Challenge was absolutely the best part of my year,” Fan said. “I could meet scientists that are my age and going for their dreams too, and made some friends.” She hopes to inspire other girls who want to become inventors. “Even a small idea can go far,” she said. “I had an idea to use blue light to kill bacteria and three years later, I’m here.” 10．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The cost of the headphone device. B．The process of blue light therapy. C．The description of the headphones. D．The cases of mid-ear infections. 11．What inspired Leanne Fan to create the headphones? A．Her own daily life. B．Her desire for the Nobel Prize. C．The facts of bacterial infections. D．Niels Finsen’s invention of light therapy. 12．Which of the following can best describe Fan? A．Outgoing. B．Patient. C．Creative. D．Hardworking. 13．What can we learn from Fan’s story? A．Even a small idea can go far. B．Many hands make light work. C．Roses given, fragrance in hand. D．Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了一位来自加州的14岁女孩Leanne Fan在2022年3M青年科学家挑战赛中荣获大奖，她发明的芬森耳机使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳炎，有望预防高达60%的儿童听力损失。 10．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Leanne Fan developed the Finsen Headphones, a low-cost headphone device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) to detect and treat mid-ear infections (感染) in children(Leanne Fan开发了Finsen耳机，这是一种低成本的耳机设备，使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳感染)”可知，第二段主要描述了Fan发明的Finsen Headphones的特点和功能，因此，该段主要是描述这款耳机。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fan was inspired to create the headphones three years ago while learning about Niels Finsen, who won the Nobel Prize in 1903 after inventing light therapy to treat bacterial (细菌的) infections.( 三年前，Fan在了解Niels Finsen时受到启发，他发明了治疗细菌感染的光疗，于1903年获得诺贝尔奖。)”以及本段中“This is an amazing idea, and I can apply it to something else in my daily life(这是一个神奇的想法，我可以把它应用到我日常生活中的其他事情上)”可知，Fan在了解Niels Finsen用光疗治疗细菌感染并获得诺贝尔奖后，想到了将这一理念应用到她的日常生活中，从而发明了耳机。故选D。 12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Leanne Fan developed the Finsen Headphones, a low-cost headphone device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) to detect and treat mid-ear infections (感染) in children(Leanne Fan开发了Finsen耳机，这是一种低成本的耳机设备，使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳感染)”可知，Fan是一个有创造力的人，她开发了使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗中耳炎的耳机。这表明她具有创新思维和解决问题的能力，因此最能描述她的词是C选项“Creative”（有创造力的）。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Even a small idea can go far,” she said. “I had an idea to use blue light to kill bacteria and three years later, I’m here.”(“即使是一个很小的想法也可以走得很远，”她说。“我有一个想法，用蓝光杀死细菌，三年后，我在这里。”)”可知，通过Fan的话，表明了即使是一个小小的想法，只要有勇气和努力，也可以取得很大的成就。A选项“Even a small idea can go far.( 即使是一个小想法也能走得很远。)”符合题意。故选A。 （四） （2024·湖北）Every day for the last three years, millionaire (百万富翁) Zhong Congrong has picked up rubbish in his neighborhood and spread the environmental awareness to the residents of Chongqing. In fact, the Chongqing businessman’s anti-littering campaign was inspired by a family trip to Hainan during Chinese New Year in 2015. There, he met a retired professor from Tsinghua University who had been picking up rubbish along the beach for four years. Zhong started copying the practice around his home the day after he returned from vacation. Zhong encourages his employees — who are likely to be given 10-yuan fines if they litter at work — to join his campaign, too. But he knows that the problem can’t be solved quickly, and that broader measures must be carried out to achieve long-term success. At first, Zhong’s wife and children felt embarrassed by his behavior. For a while, they even refused to walk next to him in public. Later, however, their attitudes changed, as they realized that their neighborhood was indeed becoming cleaner, and Zhong was being praised by their neighbors. Now, Zhong’s wife has become an anti-littering campaigner herself. “The environment remains dirty no matter how many rubbish collectors there are,” Zhong said. “The only solution is to remind people of the results of littering and hope that it might change their behavior.” 14．What made Zhong Congrong decide to pick up rubbish? A．A trip to Hainan. B．A business meeting. C．A professor’s lecture. 15．What does Zhong do if his employees litter at work? A．Shout at them. B．Fire them at once. C．Punish them. 16．What was Zhong’s wife’s attitude to his behavior at first? A．Angry. B．Joyful. C．Ashamed. 17．What’s the best title for the text? A．Zhong Congrong and His Big Dream B．A Millionaire Who Picks Up Rubbish C．A Millionaire and His Environmental Groups 【答案】14．A 15．C 16．C 17．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位重庆的百万富翁为了环境变得更加美丽，连续三年义务捡垃圾。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In fact, the Chongqing businessman’s anti-littering campaign was inspired by a family trip to Hainan during Chinese New Year in 2015. (事实上，这位重庆商人发起反垃圾运动的灵感来自于2015年春节期间全家去海南旅游。)”可知，他决定捡垃圾是与一次海南旅游有关。故选A。 15．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Zhong encourages his employees—who are likely to be given 10-yuan fines if they litter at work—to join his campaign, too. (钟鼓励他的员工也加入到他的行动中来，如果他们在工作场所乱扔垃圾，可能会被罚款10元。)”可知，如果他的员工在工作的时候被发现乱丢垃圾会被罚款10元。故选C。 16．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At first, Zhong’s wife and children felt embarrassed by his behavior. (起初，钟的妻子和孩子对他的行为感到尴尬。)”可知，他的妻子最初对他的行为感到尴尬。故选C。 17．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Every day for the last three years, millionaire (百万富翁) Zhong Congrong has picked up rubbish in his neighborhood and spread the environmental awareness to the residents of Chongqing.(在过去的三年里，百万富翁钟聪荣（音译）每天都在他家附近捡垃圾，向重庆居民传播环保意识。)”以及全文内容可知，文章介绍的是一位重庆的百万富翁为了环境变得更加美丽，连续三年义务捡垃圾。因此，B选项“A Millionaire Who Picks Up Rubbish(捡垃圾的百万富翁)”概括文章主要内容，符合本文标题。故选B。 （五） （2024·安徽）When you are little, the whole world feels like a big playground. I was living in Conyers, Georgia the summer it all happened. I was a second grader, but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade. Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way. It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie’s basement. As I opened the basement door, before us lay the biggest room, full of amazing things like guns, dolls, and old clothes. I ran downstairs, and spotted a red steel can. It was paint. I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple, orange, blue and green. “Stephanie, I just found us a project for the day. Get some paintbrushes. We are fixing to paint.” She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work. We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard. There on the road in front of my house, we painted big stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement. Strip e by stripe, our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow. It was fantastic! The sun was starting to sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece. The car pulled slowly into the driveway and from the look on my mother’s face, I could tell that I was in deep trouble. My mother shut the car door and walked towards me. Her eyes glaring she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!” I stood there glaring back at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art. “Now go clean it up!” Mother and I began cleaning the road. Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement. Though years have now passed, I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away. I guess we all need some sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful. 18．What did the writer do with his friend in that afternoon? A．They counted the toys in the house. B．They painted a picture on the road. C．They made a project in the room. D．They moved the paints to the basement. 19．What did the writer want to do when his mother came home? A．To show his artwork to her. B．To introduce Stephanie to her. C．To put the materials back in the yard. D．To prevent her from seeing his painting. 20．In the mother’s eyes, what was the writer like? A．He was a born artist. B．He worked very hard. C．He was a problem solver. D．He always caused trouble. 21．What does the underlined word “rainbow” in the last paragraph mean? A．The beautiful rainbow in the sky. B．The stripes painted on the pavement. C．Something imaginative and fun. D．Important lessons learned in childhood. 22．What should parents do according to the writer? A．They should protect children’s dreams. B．They should encourage children to paint. C．They should value friendship among children. D．They should discover the hidden talent in children. 【答案】18．B 19．A 20．D 21．C 22．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候和朋友在马路上画画的故事，作者的妈妈认为他们在捣乱，把画好的画冲洗掉了，当时作者非常伤心，多年过去后，作者还是很怀念自己画的彩虹。 18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“There on the road in front of my house, we painted big stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement.（在我家门前的路上，我们在人行道上画了大大的彩色条纹。）”可知，作者和他的朋友那天下午在路上画画。故选B项。 19．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece.（我迫不及待地想给她看我的杰作。）”可知，当作者的妈妈回家时，作者想把他的艺术品展示给她看。故选A项。 20．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Her eyes glaring she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!”（她瞪着眼睛喊道：“你到底在想什么？当你用树叶做城堡，爬上邻居的树时，我能理解，但这次！马上进来！”）”可推知，在妈妈眼里，作者总是惹麻烦。故选D项。 21．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“I guess we all need some sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful.（我想我们都需要某种rainbow时不时地照亮我们的生活，让我们的希望和梦想丰富多彩。）”可推知，rainbow 指的是“一些富有想象力和乐趣的东西”，能够使我们的希望和梦想丰富多彩，故选C项。 22．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“I stood there glaring back at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art.（我站在那儿回头盯着她片刻，很生气，因为她侮辱了我的艺术。）”以及最后一段“I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away.（我仍然想知道我的彩虹去了哪里。我想知道，也许当我长大后，我能找到我的彩虹，永远不用把它擦掉。）”可推知，作者认为父母应该保护孩子的梦想。故选A项。 （六） （2024·陕西）Edward rose early on the New-year morning. He looked in every room and wished a Happy New Year to his family. Then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet. When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore. He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family. “I wish you a Happy New Year.” said Edward, as he was passing on. The man shook his head. “You are not from this country.” said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. But he pointed to his mouth and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像) to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.” Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his dollars and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife. They were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “We thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.” When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up. “I have bought no books”, said he. “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” He went on, “I think I can wait for my books till next New Year.” “My dear boy,” said his father, “here are some books for you, more as a prize for your goodness of heart than as a New-year gift.” “I saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor German family. It was nice for a little boy to do so. Be always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a Happy New Year.” 23．Edward expected to ________ with the money he got from his father. A．help the poor family B．buy something to eat C．buy some pretty books D．learn another language 24．Why did the poor man shake his head when Edward spoke to him? A．He couldn’t understand the boy B．He wouldn’t accept the money C．He didn’t like the boy’s language D．He was too cold to say anything 25．How much did Edward give the poor family? A．One dollar B．Two dollars C．Three dollars D．Four dollars 26．We know that Edward ________ from the passage? A．got a prize for his kind heart B．had to buy his books next year C．bought the books at the bookstore D．got more money from his father 【答案】23．C 24．A 25．B 26．A 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小男孩Edward在新年当天收到了爸爸给他的两美元的祝福，在他非常开心地去书店购买期盼已久的图书的路上，他遇到了一家很久没有东西吃的穷人，Edward毫不犹豫地把钱送给了他们。他的行为得到了爸爸的赞许和支持。 23．细节理解题。根据第三段“He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.”（很长一段时间以来，他一直想买一些他在书店里看到的漂亮的书。）和第四段“He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books.”（他心情愉快地离开了家，期待着去买书。）可知，Edward期待用爸爸给的钱买一些漂亮的书。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据第六段“The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language.”（那人又摇了摇头，因为他听不懂，也不会说他的语言。）可知，那个男人在Edward对他说话时摇头，是因为他听不懂Edward说的话。故选A。 25．细节理解题。根据第七段“He took out his dollars and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.”（他拿出自己的钱，一美元给了那个男人，另一美元给了男人的妻子。）可知，Edward一共给了这家人两美元。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段爸爸的话“here are some books for you, more as a prize for your goodness of heart than as a New-year gift.”（这里有几本书送给你，与其说是作为新年礼物，不如说是对你善良心灵的奖励。）可知，Edward因自己的善心得到了爸爸的奖励。故选A。 （七） （2024·海南）“Leftover roast potatoes? There’s no such thing!” shouted people on social media when I shared a suggestion for using up remaining potatoes. This response is common whenever I propose ideas for ingredients (食材) considered “delicious” or a treat: wine, Easter eggs and cream. One person’s trash is another person’s treasure, and all that — but the way we handle leftovers has to change. Because of my work creating recipes, I am constantly dealing with leftover food. I live alone, work from home and enjoy the challenge of transforming leftovers into new culinary delights. During lockdown, I witnessed in people a growing understanding of having to make do with what was already in the cupboards, fridge and freezer. This led to an increasing confidence around making substitutions and understanding food-safety issues (such as the difference between “best before” and “use by”). I learned everything I know about food safety during my professional life. While sharing food with neighbors, friends and the wider community is one way to deal with remaining ingredients, managing random bits and open packets requires a different approach. So in May 2022, I started a series on social media called Rollover Leftovers, showcasing daily short videos of my home cooking. Simple concepts such as refreshing rock-hard bread, freezing leftover chips or creating a “clear out the fridge” tray bake gained millions of views — a much bigger audience than I would expect for anything using tricky methods or fancy ingredients. Use your imagination and trust yourself, and you’ll discover that leftovers can be a joy, not a chore. And if you find you have the leftovers of a great big turkey but are fed up with the sight of it, or you have more cranberry sauce than you could possibly eat alone, why not try joining forces with neighbors or friends? Not so much bring a bottle as bring a loaf, because a post-Christmas leftovers sandwich is truly the best bite of the year. Isn’t it? 27．What do people think of the author’s suggestion for leftovers? A．It is impractical. B．It is typical. C．It is valuable. D．It is irresponsible. 28．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2? A．The new trend in cooking. B．The concern about food safety. C．The importance of professional life. D．The change of household appliances. 29．What can we learn about the series of Rollover Leftovers? A．It teaches cooking principles. B．It is a community programme. C．It focuses on fresh ingredients. D．It has gained great popularity. 30．What should people do with the remaining turkey according to the author? A．Reserve it in a bottle. B．Share it with neighbors or friends. C．Put it in the fridge for the next meal. D．Use it to make sandwiches for charity. 【答案】27．A 28．A 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者发现处理剩菜可以是一种乐趣，而不是一件苦差事。 27．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Leftover roast potatoes? There’s no such thing!” shouted people on social media when I shared a suggestion for using up remaining potatoes.(剩下的烤土豆？没有这种事！当我分享了一个用光剩余土豆的建议时，人们在社交媒体上喊道。)”可知，人们认为这种建议不现实、不实用。故选A。 28．主旨大意题。根据第二段“During lockdown, I witnessed in people a growing understanding of having to make do with what was already in the cupboards, fridge and freezer. This led to an increasing confidence around making substitutions and understanding food-safety issues (such as the difference between “best before” and “use by”).(在封锁期间，我看到人们越来越明白，必须用橱柜、冰箱和冰柜里已经有的东西将就一下。这使得人们对替代品的生产和对食品安全问题的理解（如“最佳食用前”和“在此之前食用”的区别）越来越有信心。)”可知，作者在第二段主要想展示封控期间人们烹饪观念发生的转变。故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Simple concepts such as refreshing rock-hard bread, freezing leftover chips or creating a “clear out the fridge” tray bake gained millions of views — a much bigger audience than I would expect for anything using tricky methods or fancy ingredients.(简单的概念，如新鲜的硬面包、冷冻剩下的薯片或创造一个“清空冰箱”的托盘烘焙，获得了数百万的观看量——比我想象中使用复杂方法或花哨配料的东西要多得多。)”可知，这个系列很受欢迎。故选D。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“And if you find you have the leftovers of a great big turkey but are fed up with the sight of it, or you have more cranberry sauce than you could possibly eat alone, why not try joining forces with neighbors or friends? Not so much bring a bottle as bring a loaf, because a post-Christmas leftovers sandwich is truly the best bite of the year. Isn’t it?(如果你发现你有一只大火鸡的剩菜，但却对它的样子感到厌倦，或者你有太多的蔓越莓酱，你一个人吃不完，为什么不试试和邻居或朋友一起吃呢？少带一瓶酒，多带一条面包，因为圣诞节后的剩菜三明治确实是一年中最好吃的。不是吗？)”可知，作者认为可以把它与亲朋好友分享。故选B。 （八） （2024·北京）Best friends Tommy, 17, and Daniel, 15, decided to sign up for their school’s robotics team in their freshman year, and began their journey towards changing lives for the better. They began their work with 3D printers to create parts for their robots, but they wanted their impact to be greater. “It started off with a team idea,” Tommy said. “We were trying to figure out how we could make a difference to society as a first-year robotics team. We later thought of the idea of using 3D printers to make prostheses (假肢), like hands.” The team worked with IMAHelps, a nonprofit organization, and received help from the Science Robotics Initiative. Shortly after, they began working with their first person in need of a prosthesis. “We started off with making an artificial (人造的) arm for Samantha, a 12-year-old little girl in Ecuador who lost her arm in a bus accident,” Tommy explains. “We got her measurements and then made the prosthesis. IMAHelps brought it to Samantha and it fit her perfectly and worked well.” “Samantha had a dream to write, and we wanted to help with that,” adds Daniel. It didn’t take long for other kids to see Samantha’s prosthesis. A young man named Ernest Priester, 13, asked to have an artificial foot. Later, the team offered to make him one for free. “He started tearing up. It brought so much joy to his eyes.” Tommy says. This July, the team traveled to Ecuador to deliver four more prostheses to those in need. “We were so happy to help,” Tommy shares. The team also plans on continuing to give away their 3D creations. “You can do whatever you want to do when it comes to helping people and changing the world,” Tommy says. “There are no age limits.” “By offering a little bit,” adds Daniel. “We can change a lot.” 31．To make the robotics team’s impact greater, Tommy and Daniel decided to________. A．create robot parts B．start a robotics course C．make prostheses D．invent a 3D printer 32．What did the robotics team do for Samantha? A．They set up IMAHelps for her. B．They made her an artificial arm. C．They offered her medical treatment. D．They gave her instructions on writing. 33．How does Tommy feel about what they are doing? A．Curious. B．Relaxed. C．Regretful. D．Pleased. 34．Which of the following words can best describe Tommy and Daniel? A．Caring. B．Calm. C．Honest. D．Brave. 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了17岁的汤米和15岁的丹尼尔使用3D打印机为需要帮助的人制作假肢。 31．细节理解题。根据第二段“They began their work with 3D printers to create parts for their robots, but they wanted their impact to be greater. (他们开始使用3D打印机为他们的机器人制造零件，但他们希望3D打印机的影响更大)”可知，为了让机器人团队的影响力更大，汤米和丹尼尔决定制作假肢。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据第四段“We started off with making an artificial (人造的) arm for Samantha, a 12-year-old little girl in Ecuador who lost her arm in a bus accident(我们首先为12岁的厄瓜多尔小女孩萨曼莎做了一个假肢，她在一次公共汽车事故中失去了手臂)”可知，机器人团队给萨曼莎做了一只假肢。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段““We were so happy to help,” Tommy shares.(“我们很高兴能帮忙，”汤米分享道)”可知，汤米对他们的所作所为感到高兴。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““You can do whatever you want to do when it comes to helping people and changing the world,” Tommy says. “There are no age limits.”(“当涉及到帮助别人和改变世界时，你可以做任何你想做的事情，”汤米说。“没有年龄限制。”)”以及最后一段““By offering a little bit,” adds Daniel. “We can change a lot.”(“通过提供一点点，”丹尼尔补充道。“我们可以改变很多。”)”可推知，汤米和丹尼尔关心他人，有爱心。故选A。 （九） （2024·新疆）Tian Wangui and his wife Lu Min are villagers in Qiantian Village, Liaoning Province. They began planting trees over forty years ago. With their hard work, the two barren (贫瘠的) mountains are covered by trees now. After leaving the army in the 1980s, Tian got back home and began planting fruit trees on the hills. In 1982, the couple got the contract rights (承包经营权) of two mountains. At first, they planted some young fruit trees on part of the land. In order to water them, they had to carry water up to the top of the mountains many times a day by themselves. Now, the two mountains are covered by more than 50,000 trees of over 20 kinds. More than 2,000 birds live in the trees in the mountains. “We cared for the mountains and trees as we cared for our children,” said Lu. “Even as we grow old, our children will protect the woods, watch over the birds and keep our dream alive.” 35．What did Tian Wangui do before he began planting trees? A．He served in the army. B．He watched over the birds. C．He cared for the children. D．He carried water up to the mountains. 36．Which word can best describe the couple? A．Determined. B．Friendly. C．Curious. D．Brave. 37．What is the passage mainly about? A．A couple got the contract rights by planting trees. B．A couple taught their children to plant trees for over forty years. C．A couple kept planting trees on the mountains for over forty years. D．A couple helped the villagers plant trees on the mountains for over forty years. 【答案】35．A 36．A 37．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了田万贵和陆敏这一对夫妇在四十多年的时间里，坚持在山上种树，把荒山变为青山的故事。 35．细节理解题。根据第二段中“After leaving the army in the 1980s, Tian got back home and began planting fruit trees on the hills. (上世纪80年代退伍后，田万贵回到家乡，开始在山上种果树)”可知，田万贵在开始种树之前是在军队服役。故选A项。 36．推理判断题。根据第一段中“They began planting trees over forty years ago. With their hard work, the two barren (贫瘠的) mountains are covered by trees now. (他们四十多年前开始种树。在他们的辛勤劳动下，两座贫瘠的山现在都被树木覆盖了)”和第二段中“In order to water them, they had to carry water up to the top of the mountains many times a day by themselves. (为了给他们浇水，他们不得不自己每天多次把水运到山顶)”可知，这对夫妇坚持种树四十年，不辞辛苦。因此，他们是意志坚定的人。故选A项。 37．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“They began planting trees over forty years ago. With their hard work, the two barren (贫瘠的) mountains are covered by trees now. (他们四十多年前开始种树。在他们的辛勤劳动下，两座贫瘠的山现在都被树木覆盖了)”可知，文章主要讲述了田万贵和陆敏这一对夫妇在四十多年的时间里，坚持在山上种树，把荒山变为青山的故事。故选C项。 （十） （2024·北京）Many studies have shown that drinking plenty of water a day is good for our health. People are paying careful attention to that advice, and millions of people choose to buy bottled water to drink. Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down. For the last several years, three designers from Imperial College in London, England, have been working to address the problem of plastic bottles. The team’s goal is to “make packaging waste disappear”. To achieve that goal, these designers have developed a unique product called Ooho. Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble (泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed! Ooho’s skin is made from seaweed (海草). It is nearly tasteless and easy for the body to take in. If people would rather not eat it, however, the skin can be thrown away. In less than a month, it will break down completely. The skin is very affordable to make. First, a ball of water is frozen in a special chemical solution (化学溶液). Next, it is put in a solution made of brown seaweed. Each bubble costs less than two cents to make. It is, therefore, a far cheaper replacement for plastic bottles. The three designers have been figuring out the flaws and searching for possible solutions. For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking. To find out if people are interested in Ooho, the designers have plans in place to hand out their bubbles next year at sporting events like marathons, as well as at entertainment sites. If Ooho becomes popular, people across the country may soon find themselves eating their water instead of drinking it! 38．The author writes the first paragraph to ________. A．answer a question B．express an opinion C．present a problem D．provide an example 39．What is Ooho? A．A protective skin. B．Bubbled water. C．A chemical solution. D．Plastic material. 40．What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Functions. B．Wonders. C．Purposes. D．Weaknesses. 41．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Water That You Can Eat B．Ways to Produce Plastic Bottles C．Waste That Pollutes Our Planet D．Bubbles to Improve Our Health 【答案】38．C 39．B 40．D 41．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是来自英国伦敦帝国理工学院的三位设计师开发了一种名为Ooho的独特产品，旨在解决塑料水瓶的浪费问题。 38．推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down.(不幸的是，许多塑料水瓶都被扔掉了。这些瓶子可能需要几个世纪才能分解)”可推知，作者写第一段是为了呈现一个问题，即塑料要很长时间才能分解。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据第三段“Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble (泡泡).(信不信由你，Ooho就是几口水包裹在一个高尔夫球大小的泡泡里)”可知，Ooho是泡泡里的水。故选B。 40．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking.(例如，如果有人只想要一口水，Ooho就很棒。但如果这个人特别渴，想要更多呢？他们正在探索制造更大气泡的想法，同时也在寻找一种将几个气泡连接在一起的方法。该产品的另一个问题是如何用对环境安全的包装运输，同时仍能保护气泡不破裂)”可知，这三个设计师一直都在找出这个产品的缺点，并寻找解决办法。由此可知，划线词flaws的意思是“缺点”，和weaknesses意思相近。故选D。 41．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf- ball- sized bubble (泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed!(信不信由你，Ooho就是几口水包裹在一个高尔夫球大小的泡泡里。你可以在它的皮肤上打一个洞，然后喝里面的水。你也可以把整个泡泡扔进嘴里——不需要瓶子！)”可知，本文主要讲的是来自英国伦敦帝国理工学院的三位设计师开发了一种名为Ooho的独特产品，旨在解决塑料水瓶的浪费问题。由此可知，最好的题目是A选项“Water That You Can Eat(你可以吃的水)”。故选A。 （十一） （2024·湖北）The Chengdu World University Games, held from July 28 to August 8, were more than just medals and sports. A total of 6,500 student-athletes from 113 countries and regions competed at the Chengdu games. Besides showing their skills in different sports, these athletes also learned about many sides of Chinese culture. Each night in the athletes’ village, they could experience activities such as trying on hanfu, playing Chinese chess and playing traditional Chinese music. On July 31, overseas athletes met the 6-year-old Zhi Ma, the panda who inspired the design of Rongbao — the mascot of the Games. Their excitement was obvious as most of them first met with a giant panda in person. To attract the attention of the giant pandas, many athletes also made an effort to learn how to say “come here” in the local Sichuan dialect (方言). Chinese and foreign athletes also made good friends during the games. One of the Chinese words that Brazilian badminton player Welton Menezes picked up was Tan — the family name of Tan Qiang, a Chinese opponent of his. On July 30, Tan beat Menezes with ease in a men’s doubles match during the mixed team event. But the image of Menezes’ worn-out (破旧的) shoes left a deep impression on Tan. He asked for Menezes’ shoe size immediately after the match and gave his own pair of new shoes to Menezes. 42．What did athletes do each night in the athletes’ village according to Paragraph 2? A．Took exercise. B．Played tennis. C．Played Chinese chess. 43．What is Zhi Ma? A．A panda. B．A monkey. C．An athlete. 44．Where is Welton Menezes from? A．China. B．Brazil. C．UK. 45．What’s the best title for the text? A．Unity Through Sports B．Wide Communication C．Interesting Games 【答案】42．C 43．A 44．B 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。成都世界大学生运动会7月28日至8月8日举行，运动健儿竞技同时，深入了解中国文化。赛事促进中外友谊。 42．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each night in the athletes’ village, they could experience activities such as trying on hanfu, playing Chinese chess and playing traditional Chinese music. (每天晚上在奥运村，他们可以体验试穿汉服、下象棋和演奏中国传统音乐等活动。)”可知，每晚运动员们可以在运动员村下中国象棋。故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“On July 31, overseas athletes met the 6-year-old Zhi Ma, the panda who inspired the design of Rongbao—the mascot of the Games. (7月31日，海外运动员们见到了6岁的大熊猫智马，它是奥运会吉祥物荣宝设计的灵感来源。)”可知，Zhi Ma是一只大熊猫。故选A。 44．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“One of the Chinese words that Brazilian badminton player Welton Menezes picked up was Tan—the family name of Tan Qiang, a Chinese opponent of his. (巴西羽毛球运动员Welton Menezes在中文中提到的一个词是Tan，这是他的中国对手谭强的姓。)”可知，Welton Menezes来自巴西。故选B。 45．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“The Chengdu World University Games, held from July 28 to August 8, were more than just medals and sports. (7月28日至8月8日在成都举行的世界大学生运动会不仅仅是奖牌和运动。)”和倒数第二段“Chinese and foreign athletes also made good friends during the games. (中外运动员也在奥运会期间交了好朋友。)”可知，文章讲述了成都世界大学生运动会7月28日至8月8日举行，运动健儿竞技同时，深入了解中国文化。赛事促进中外友谊。“Unity Through Sports (体育团结)”符合题意。故选A。 （十二） （2024·湖北）UN climate talks this year in Bonn have concluded with progress on technical issues, but with bigger questions about cutting carbon emissions (碳排放量) unresolved. Delegates (代表) say they are pleased that the rule book for the Paris Climate Agreement is finally coming together. But these technical discussions took place against the background of a larger battle about coal, oil and gas. It means that next year’s conference in Poland is set for a major showdown (最后的决战) on the future of fossil fuels. This meeting, known as COP23, was tasked with clarifying complex operational issues around the workings (工作方式，运动方式) of the Paris Climate Agreement. One of the most important elements was the development of a process that would help countries to review and increase their promises to cut carbon. Fiji, holding the presidency of this meeting, proposed what’s being called the Talanoa Dialogue. Over the next year, a series of discussions will take place to help countries look at the promises they have made under the Paris Pact (巴黎协定). “A key part in Poland is this Talanoa Dialogue, to make sure it doesn’t result in just a talk show,” said Yamide Dagnet with the World Resources Institute. “In Poland, ministers say they will increase their actions, so that we end up with national plans that will be a much more ambitious set of climate actions.” Threatening over these discussions in Bonn was the question of coal, oil and gas. US coal and nuclear companies organised a presentation here arguing that fossil fuels should be a key part of the solution to rising temperatures. 46．Where was the meeting held this year? A．In Bonn. B．In Poland. C．In Paris. 47．What should be discussed in Poland next year? A．Technical problems. B．Cutting down fossil fuels. C．The Paris Climate Agreement. 48．What can we learn about the Talanoa Dialogue? A．It has been ignored in Poland. B．Ministers was against the dialogue. C．Yamide Dagnet supports the dialogue. 49．Where is the text probably taken from? A．An announcement. B．A news report. C．A show review. 【答案】46．A 47．B 48．C 49．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了在波恩举办的联合国气候会谈。虽然取得了一定进步，但是对于减少碳排放量的问题还没有解决。 46．细节理解题。根据第一段中“UN climate talks this year in Bonn have concluded with progress on technical issues,(今年在波恩举行的联合国气候谈判在技术问题上取得了进展)”可知，今年的会议是在波恩召开的。故选A项。 47．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It means that next year’s conference in Poland is set for a major showdown (最后的决战) on the future of fossil fuels.(这意味着明年在波兰举行的会议将对化石燃料的未来进行一场最后的决战)”可知，在明年波兰的会议上会讨论削减化石燃料的使用量。故选B项。 48．推理判断题。根据第五段中““A key part in Poland is this Talanoa Dialogue, to make sure it doesn’t result in just a talk show,” said Yamide Dagnet with the World Resources Institute.(世界资源研究所的Yamide Dagnet说：“波兰的一个关键部分是塔拉诺阿对话，以确保它不会只是一个脱口秀。”)”可推知，Yamide Dagnet对塔拉诺阿对话的态度是支持的。故选C项。 49．推理判断题。根据第一段“UN climate talks this year in Bonn have concluded with progress on technical issues, but with bigger questions about cutting carbon emissions (碳排放量) unresolved.(今年在波恩举行的联合国气候谈判在技术问题上取得了进展，但关于减少碳排放量的更大问题尚未解决)”以及文章内容可知，文章开头介绍了联合国在波恩召开的气候变化大会，下文就此展开。因此，本文最可能来自新闻报道。故选B项。 （十三） （2024·海南）Chinese researchers have revealed the anti-cancer characteristic of neutrophils (中性粒细胞) — a type of white blood cells—and the related molecular regulation mechanism, providing new insights into cancer diagnosis and treatment. The discovery, made by researchers at the Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Fudan University, was published in Cell on Tuesday. Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells in the human body. As the first line of defence against infections, they play a key role in anti-infection immunity. The researchers collected neutrophils from 143 patients with 17 different types of cancer and analyzed them. They revealed that neutrophils can adopt at least 10 highly specialized and distinct functional states related to inflammation (炎症) , blood vessel formation and—most excitingly—presenting antigens (抗体) to activate powerful cancer-killing T cells. “We were surprised to find such complexity and different roles within neutrophils, which have been ignored for so long,” said Zhang Xiaoming, a researcher at the Institute. “What is especially remarkable is their newly discovered capacity to act as antigen-presenting cells, gathering T cells against cancer. In addition, the abundance of antigen-presenting neutrophils is associated with improved condition across many cancer types revealed in this study,” he said. “This completely changes how we perceive neutrophils in the context of cancer,” said Gao Qiang, a professor at Fudan University. “Now we know we could employ the diverse hidden identities of neutrophils to strengthen the effectiveness of immunotherapy (免疫疗法). We’re thrilled to further explore the potential benefits of these newly uncovered mechanisms in clines.” The study emphasizes the value of single-cell sequencing approaches to reveal new functional dimension even within seemingly well-understood immune cells. Tapping into the hidden potential of neutrophils may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis and treatment. 50．How was the anti-cancer function of neutrophils discovered? A．By referring to previous research. B．By collecting and analyzing data. C．By seeking guidance from experts. D．By observing patients with inflammation. 51．Which of the following is a function of neutrophils? A．Getting together T cells when needed. B．Preventing the formation of antigens. C．Speeding up the blood flow. D．Distinguishing different types of cancer. 52．What’s Gao Qiang’s attitude towards the new research? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Worried. D．Unclear. 53．What can be the best title for the text? A．Blood Cells Successfully Fight Against Severe Cancer B．China Makes Great Progress in Fighting Against Diseases C．Further Research Is Needed to Fight Against Cancer D．Researchers Discover New Cancer-fighting Mechanism 【答案】50．B 51．A 52．A 53．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国研究人员揭示了中性粒细胞（一种白细胞）在抗癌中的新特性和相关的分子调控机制，这一发现为癌症的诊断和治疗提供了新的见解。 50．推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers collected neutrophils from 143 patients with 17 different types of cancer and analyzed them. They revealed that neutrophils can adopt at least 10 highly specialized and distinct functional states related to inflammation (炎症) , blood vessel formation and—most excitingly—presenting antigens (抗体) to activate powerful cancer-killing T cells.(研究人员收集了143名患有17种不同类型癌症的患者的中性粒细胞，并对其进行了分析。他们发现，中性粒细胞至少可以采用10种与炎症、血管形成和最令人兴奋的呈递抗原相关的高度专业化和独特的功能状态，以激活强大的抗癌T细胞。)”可知，中性粒细胞的抗癌功能是通过收集和分析数据被发现的。故选B。 51．细节理解题。根据第三段“What is especially remarkable is their newly discovered capacity to act as antigen-presenting cells, gathering T cells against cancer.(特别值得注意的是它们新发现的作为抗原呈递细胞的能力，聚集T细胞对抗癌症。)”可知，中性粒细胞的功能是在需要的时候聚集T细胞。故选A。 52．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This completely changes how we perceive neutrophils in the context of cancer(这完全改变了我们在癌症背景下对中性粒细胞的看法)”和“Now we know we could employ the diverse hidden identities of neutrophils to strengthen the effectiveness of immunotherapy (免疫疗法). We’re thrilled to further explore the potential benefits of these newly uncovered mechanisms in clines.(现在我们知道我们可以利用中性粒细胞的各种隐藏身份来加强免疫治疗的有效性。我们很高兴能进一步探索这些新发现的机制在临床中的潜在益处。)”可知，Gao Qiang对这项新研究的态度是积极的，故选A。 53．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Chinese researchers have revealed the anti-cancer characteristic of neutrophils (中性粒细胞) — a type of white blood cells—and the related molecular regulation mechanism, providing new insights into cancer diagnosis and treatment. The discovery, made by researchers at the Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Fudan University, was published in Cell on Tuesday.(中国研究人员揭示了中性粒细胞（一种白细胞）的抗癌特性和相关的分子调控机制，为癌症诊断和治疗提供了新的见解。周二，中国科学院上海免疫与感染研究所和复旦大学的研究人员在《细胞》杂志上发表了这一发现。)”可知，本文主要讲的是中国研究人员揭示了中性粒细胞（一种白细胞）在抗癌中的新特性和相关的分子调控机制，这一发现为癌症的诊断和治疗提供了新的见解，因此最好的题目是D选项“Researchers Discover New Cancer-fighting Mechanism(研究人员发现新的抗癌机制)”。故选D。 （十四） （2024·北京）In late June, two companies were given permits to sell chicken meat that has been grown in a lab. The companies say they will be serving the meat in restaurants this summer. Unlike normal chicken meat, lab-grown meat isn’t created by raising and killing chickens. Instead, it’s a meat product developed from animal cells that are grow n in a lab. The process is called “cell-based” or “cultured” meat. The process of creating lab-grown meat is completely different from the normal meat raising process. Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, experts choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good flavour. The first cells come from live animals. Then the cells are grown inside large steel tanks, where they’re fed with everything they need to grow. In a few weeks, the cells grow into sheets of meat. The companies then form this meat into more familiar shapes that can be cooked and sold. The companies say that their meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses huge amounts of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Raising animals for food create s about 15% of the world’s greenhouse gases. That’s why cutting back on eating meat is one of the easiest ways to fight climate change. There are many companies these days that focus on making plant-based meat substitutes (替代物). But since lab-grown meat is made from animal cells, it is very hard to tell it apart from actual meat. It looks, smells, and tastes like chicken. Polls (民意调查) have shown that many people aren’t too interested in lab-grown meat. Lots of people believe that “it just sounds strange”. But Russel Phillips, a biologist, suggests people give it a try. He says that once people try the meat, they will be amazed. The common response must be, “Oh, it tastes like chicken.” But right now, the meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply. It will probably be a long time before you’re able to buy lab-grown chicken in stores. 54．To produce lab-grown meat, the companies should________. A．study how to feed live animals. B．decide where to store meat products. C．add different flavours to sheets of meat. D．select cells suitable for producing meat. 55．As for producing lab-grown meat, Paragraph 4 is mainly about its________. A．future. B．advantage. C．techniques. D．process. 56．What is Russel Phillips’ attitude toward lab-grown meat? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested. 57．The lab-grown meat still has a problem with its________. A．quality. B．safety. C．price. D．taste. 【答案】54．D 55．B 56．C 57．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。6月下旬，两家公司获准销售实验室培育的鸡肉。这些公司表示，今年夏天他们将在餐厅供应这种肉。文章介绍了这种人造肉的一些优点和人们对此的看法。 54．细节理解题。根据第三段“Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, experts choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good flavour.(科学家们很早就知道如何让活细胞存活并在实验室中培养它们。在这种情况下，专家们会选择生长速度快、味道好的细胞)”可知，为了生产实验室培育的肉，这些公司应该选择适合生产肉的细胞。故选D。 55．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The companies say that their meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses huge amounts of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Raising animals for food create s about 15% of the world’s greenhouse gases. That’s why cutting back on eating meat is one of the easiest ways to fight climate change.(这些公司表示，他们的肉比动物肉更环保。饲养动物作为食物需要消耗大量的土地和水。它也造成了很多污染。饲养动物作为食物产生了世界上15%的温室气体。这就是为什么减少吃肉是对抗气候变化最简单的方法之一)”可知，第4段主要是关于生产实验室培养的肉的优势。故选B。 56．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But Russel Phillips, a biologist, suggests people give it a try. He says that once people try the meat, they will be amazed. The common response must be, “Oh, it tastes like chicken.”(但生物学家罗素·菲利普斯建议人们试一试。他说，一旦人们尝过这种肉，他们会大吃一惊。通常的反应肯定是，“哦，它尝起来像鸡肉。”)”可知，罗素·菲利普斯对实验室培育的肉持支持态度。故选C。 57．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But right now, the meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply.(但现在，这些肉比动物肉贵得多。既然这些公司已经获得批准，他们面临的巨大挑战是如何以更低的成本生产更多的肉)”可知，这种实验室培育的肉仍然存在价格问题。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$