Unit 3 Food（知识清单）英语沪教版五四学制2024六年级上册

Unit 3 Food Food 话题 食物 词汇 1.something pron. 某事;某物p. 42 2.beef n.牛肉p. 42 3.pepper n.甜椒p. 42 4.cabbage n.卷心菜p. 42 5.carrot n.胡萝卜p. 42 6.watermelon n.西瓜p. 42 7.onion n.洋葱p. 42 8.cucumber n.黄瓜p. 42 9.strawberry n.草莓p. 42 10.pear n.梨p. 42 11.yogurt n.酸奶;一份酸奶p. 42 12.cheese n.干酪;奶酪p. 42 13.corn n.(小麦等)谷物;玉米p. 42 14.oil n.食用油p. 42 15.salt n.盐;食盐p. 42 16.bean n.豆;豆科植物p. 42 17.product n.产品;制品 p. 42 18.grain n.谷物;谷粒p. 42 19.rainbow n.虹;彩虹 p. 43 20.balanced adj.保持(或显示)平衡的p. 43 21.diet n.日常饮食;日常食物p. 43 22.each det.& pron.(两个或以上的人或物中)各自，各个，每个 p. 43 23.plenty pron. 大量p. 43 24.plenty of 大量;很多的p. 43 25.choice n.选择;挑选;抉择p. 44 26.list n.一览表;清单p. 44 27.few det. &adj不多;很少p. 44 28.a few 有些;几个( 用于可数名词之前 )p. 44 29.pleasure n.高兴;快乐;愉快p. 44 30.ingredient n.(尤指烹饪)材料;成分p. 44 31.tasty adj.美味的;可口的 p. 45 32.need v.需要p. 45 33.fridge n.(= refrigerator)冰箱p. 45 34.surprise n.意想不到(或突然)的事v.使惊奇;使诧异;使感到意外p. 46 35.blog n.(=weblog)博客;网志p. 46 36.as prep. 作为;当作p. 46 37.soy sauce n.(= soya sauce) 酱油p. 46 38.into prep.(表示状态的变化);进入p. 46 39.piece n.碎片;碎块p. 46 40.fry v.油炒;油煎p. 46 41.finally adv.最后p. 46 42.boil v.煮沸;烧开p. 46 43.side n.一边;侧面p. 46 44.side dish (随同主菜一起上的)配菜p. 46 45.mutton n.羊肉p. 46 46.recipe n.食谱;烹饪法p. 47 47.beat v.(用叉等)快速搅拌;打p. 50 48.chopsticks n.(pl.)筷子p. 50 49.bowl n.碗p. 50 50.menu n.菜单p. 53 短语 1.something healthy 健康的东西 2.on one's birthday在某人生日那天 3.ask sb. for help请某人帮忙 4.do good to sb.对……有益 5.cook sth. for sb.为某人烹饪某物 6.(a)balanced diet均衡膳食 7.plenty of大量;很多的 8.different food groups不同的食物类别 9.bean products豆制品 10.every day每天;每日 11.She often has(some) beef for lunch.她常常午餐的时候吃牛肉。 12.how much to eat from each food group every day平衡膳食宝塔向我们展示了每天各种食物的摄入量。 13.(a) shopping list购物清单 14.a bag of 一袋 15.(a)green pepper青椒 16.a few有些;几个(用于可数名词前) 17.my pleasure我的荣幸 18.(a) shopping app购物应用软件 19.Frozen Foods section冷冻食品区 20.Meat and Seafood section肉类海产区 21.Drinks section 饮料区 22.Snacks section零食区 23.Bakery section面包糕点区 24.Dairy Products section乳制品区 25.on one's blog 在某人的博客中 26.(a)side dish (随同主菜一起上的)配菜 27.as a birthday surprise 当作生日惊喜 28.in the fridge 在冰箱里 29.a little soy sauce 一点酱油 30.time to cook 做饭的时间到了 31.get it 成功；达成目标 32.add ... to .. 在…中加入…. 33.cut ...into ... 把…切成… 34.a little surprised 有些吃惊 35.Mrs Brown asked me to have supper/dinner with her this Sunday. 布朗夫人邀请我这周日共进晚餐。 36.She cooked a tasty and healthy dish for Jim.她为吉姆做了一道美味健康的菜肴。 37.two cucumbers 两根黄瓜 38.three oranges 三个橘子 39.a bag of noodles 一包面条 40.a lot of/lots of/many grapes 许多葡萄 41.a bottle of orange juice 一瓶橙汁 42.a little/some bread 一些面包 43.a few/some pieces of beef 几片牛肉 44.have/eat an apple 吃一个苹果 45.drink/have milk 喝牛奶 46.quite a few相当多的；颇多(用于可数名词前) 47.cut up 切开 48.write a recipe 写一份食谱 49.after that 之后；此后 50.cooking step(s) 烹饪步骤 51.a healthy dish一道健康的菜肴 52.(a) balanced diet 均衡的饮食 53.a little 一点；一些(用于不可数名词前) 54.in the bowl 在碗里 55.how to cook ... 如何烹饪… 56.a few一些；几个(用于可数名词前) 57. the ingredients of the dish 这道菜的食材 58.in fact事实上 59.southern China华南；中国南方 60.the first day of Chinese New Year 大年初一 61.long noodles 长面条 62.wish for a long life 企盼长寿 63.try to do sth. 尽力做某事 64.start ... off 进行；开展起来；开启 65.according to根据；依据 66.at midnight在午夜；在子夜 67.celebrate the new year 庆祝新年 68.ask for请求；要求 语法 可数和不可数名词 考点1. .something pron.某事；某物 We know about the problem and we're trying to do something about it. 我们知道这个问题，我们正在努力做些什么。 【提示】something是不定代词，它所指代的对象不特定。任何事件或物品都可以用something来指代。 cook something的something就可以指代某种食物。当有形容词修饰something时，形容词置于其后。本句中的 something healthy指的就是“某种健康的食物”。 又如： He's telling us something funny.他正在给我们讲一件好玩的事情。 something作主语时,其后的动词要用单数形式。 如： Something strange is following me.有样奇怪的东西在跟着我。 cook sth for sb为某人烹饪 ；为某人做 【提示】也可以说成cook sb stho如： Dad cooked me lunch. =Dad cooked lunch for me.爸爸给我做了午餐。 on one's birthday 在某人生日那天 【提示】表示“在某人……岁生日”时，在birthday前加序数词,如： on Ben's twelfth birthday 在本12岁的生日时 考点2. 食物类 beef 牛肉 May I have roast beef today?今天我可以点烤牛肉？（餐厅点餐） 【提示】beef是不可数名词。大多数情况下，肉类都是不可数的。如meat （肉）、mutton（羊肉）、pork（猪肉）、chicken（鸡肉）等都是不可数名词。 tofu n.豆腐 Today's first cold dish is a plate of tofu with preserved egg.今天的第一道凉菜是皮蛋拌豆腐。 【提示】tofu是不可数名词，也常说成bean curd 。 pepper n.舌甘椒 【提示】pepper在英式英语中也称为sweet pepper,在美式英语中常称为bell pepper［因为长得像“铃铛（bell） ”而得名］。很多蔬菜、水果在完整的情况下 是可数的，如orange （橙子）、cabbage （卷心菜）、lettuce（黄苣;生菜）、tomato （西红柿）、potato（马铃薯）等。它们被切碎或掰开后则不可数。试比较： I need to buy three peppers/a kilo of peppers at the market. 我要去菜场买 三只/一公斤甜椒。（完整的甜椒是可数的） Today, I'll cook fried beef with green pepper.今天我要做青椒炒牛肉丝。 （青椒炒之前肯定已经被切成了丝或者是块，此时pepper是不可数名词） cabbage n.卷心菜 Do you like cabbage?你喜欢（吃）卷心菜吗？（不可数） Buy a cabbage and some tomatoes on your way home.回家的路上买颗卷心 菜和几个西红柿。（可数） onion n.洋葱 I always cry when I chop onions.我切洋葱的时候都会流泪。（可数） Fry the onion and garlic for about two minutes.把洋葱和大蒜一起煽炒两分 钟左右。（不可数） carrot 胡萝卜 Cut the two carrots into slices first.先把两根胡萝卜切成丝。（可数） How about fried pork with carrot today?今天吃胡萝卜炒肉好吗？（不可数） watermelon n. 西瓜 The watermelon is so big.这个西瓜太大了吧。（可数） A small piece of watermelon for me is OK.给我一小片西瓜就好。（不可数） cucumber n. 黄瓜 May I have three cucumbers, please?可以给我三个黄瓜吗？（可数） There is tuna and cucumber in the sandwich.这三明治里有金枪鱼和黄瓜。 （不可数） ［提示］sea cucumber 海参 strawberry n.草莓 Strawberries go bad very quickly.草莓很容易变质。 pear n.梨 We have a pear tree in the yard.我们家院子里有棵梨树。 yogurt n.酸奶;一份酸奶 【提示】yogurt也常拼作yoghurt,通常作不可数名词使用。使用a yogurt 时，常常表示“一份酸奶”。 如： I usually have some yogurt for breakfast,我早餐会喝一点酸奶。 There is a strawberry yogurt for you.那儿有一份给你的草莓酸奶。 cheese n.干酪;奶酪 【提示】cheese通常作不可数名词。如： goat's cheese 山羊奶酪 a cheese salad 奶酪沙拉 a piece of cheese 一块奶酪 corn n.（小麦等）谷物；玉米 The corns are on sale in the supermarket.今日超市玉米特价。（可数） We feed the chickens with corn,我们用谷物喂养这些小鸡。（不可数） oil n.食用油 We usually cook with vegetable oil in our family.我们家通常用植物油 做菜。 salt n.盐；食盐 Pass the salt, please.请把盐递过来。 bean n.豆；豆科植物 I usually pick the beans out before I eat the fried rice,我吃炒饭前会把里面的豆子先挑出来。 These coffee beans smell nice.这些咖啡豆真好闻。 product n,产品；制品 We have a new range of skin-care products.我们有一系列新的护肤产品。 bean product 豆制品 Tofu is one of the popular bean products in our country. 豆腐是我国受欢迎的豆制品之一。 grain n.谷物；谷粒 Most Americans don't eat enough fruits, vegetables or grains. 大多数美国人水果、蔬菜和谷物的摄入量不足。 The hen ate the grains of com on the ground.母鸡啄食地上的玉米粒。 考点3. each det. & pnm.（两个或以上的人或物中）各自，各个，每个 Each answer is worth 20 points.每题为 20 分。（each 修饰后面的 answer, 表示“每一个的”，相当于一个形容词） Each of the answers is worth 20 points.每道答题为 20 分。（each 指代 answers中的一个，相当于each answer,是一个代词） 【提示】each与every的区别 every强调全体的概念，与all相当;each强调个体概念。与almost .nearly 等连用时，常用every,不用each；和数词连用时，也只用every,如： Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。 Each student may have one book.每个学生都可以得到一本书。 Almost every student has read the book.差不多每个学生都读过这本书。 The buses go every 10 minutes.公共汽车每隔10分钟发一班车。 every指三个以上的人或物（含三个）的“每个"，each指两个以上的人或物（含两个）的“每个”，如： There are trees on each side of the road.路的两边都有树。 every只作形容词,不可单独使用;each可作代词或形容词,可单独使用,也 可接名词,还可接of短语，如： I have read each of his books.他写的每本书我都读过了。（不能用every） 一Red or blue?你要红的还是蓝的？ 一I will take one of each, please.请每种颜色给我一个。 food group食物组;食物类别 【提示】food group指的是一组具有相似营养特性或生物分类的食物集合。 show sb sth = show sth to sb向某人展示某物;教某人某物 She showed her students the technique. （ =She showed the technique to her students.）她向学生演示了那个技巧。 【提示】show后面还常跟“疑问词+带to的动词不定式”结构。在上面的句子中,how much to eat from each food group every day 是平衡膳食宝塔所展现的内容。又如： Can you show me how to do it?你能教我怎么做吗？ 考点4. plenty pron.大量 一Do we need more milk?我们还需要再买点牛奶吗？ 一No. There's plenty in the fridge.不用。冰箱里还有很多。 （plenty 指代前面提及的milk,相当于plenty of milk） We had plenty to talk about.我们有说不完的话。（plenty 相当于a lot of things） plenty of 大量；很多的 【提示】plenty of与a lot of Jots of的意思和用法相近，用于表示事物数量多，可修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。 如： We have plenty of eggs in the cupboard.柜子里还有很多鸡蛋。 （修饰可数名词eggs） There‘s plenty of room for all of you!这里有足够的地方容纳你们所有的 人！［修饰不可数名词room（地方;空间）］ 考点5. .list n. 一览表；清单 Is your name on the list?你的名字在名单上吗？ 【提示】make a list of sth把 列个清单 Make a list of everything you need.把你需要的东西列个清单。 shopping list n.购物清单 She is making a shopping list for the picnic this weekend.她在为周末的野 餐列购物清单。 Owfew /fjui/ det. & adj.不多;很少 Few people understand the difference.很少有人了 解这个差别。 few有些;几个（用于可数名词之前） I'm only here for a few days.我只在这里待几天。 考点6. pleasure n.高兴;快乐；愉快 He takes no pleasure in his work.他从他的工作中得不到丝毫乐趣。 It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest.我很荣幸来介绍我们的嘉宾。 My pleasure.不客气，很乐意效劳。 【提示】“My pleasure. ”是对别人表示感谢的一种礼貌回答，也可以说成 “It's a pleasure. "，但不能说成“It's my pleasure. 如： 一 It's very kind of you to take some many gifts to us.带这么多礼物给我们你真是太好了！ 一 My pleasure/Ifs a pleasure.您别客气。 语法知识精讲 1.1名词的单复数变化 1.可数名词变复数的规则变化 变化规则 示例 一般情况下,在名词后直接加-s orange- oranges橘子bag- --bags袋，包 以-s,-x,-ch, -sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es. box- --boxes 盒，箱 beach- beaches海滩,沙滩 wish- --wishes希望,愿望 bus- -buses公共汽车 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先变y为i再加es. story- stories故事，小说family-families家庭 以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词(多数情况下)加-es。 tomato -tomatoes 西红柿 hero- -heroes英雄,男主角 以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词，一般在词尾加-s。 zoo---zoos动物园 kangaroo --kangaroos 袋鼠 .以-f或fe结尾的名词，大多数情况下先将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。 knife -knives 刀 leaf -- leaves叶,叶子 2.可数名词变复数的不规则变化 单数 复数 汉语意思 foot feet 脚 tooth teeth 牙齿 goose geese 鹅 man men 男人 child children 儿童，小孩 ox oxen 公牛 单复数同形的名词 fish鱼 sheep羊 deer鹿 series系列 species种类 means方式,方法 “某国人”的复数形式 a Chinese- --two Chinese两个中国人 an Englishman --- three Englishmen 3个英国人 a German- --five Germans 5个德国人 3.复合名词的复数形式 规则 示例 复合名词变复数时，通常只将其中的主体名词变成复教;如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变成复数。 looker-on- -lookers-on 旁观者 grown-up grown-ups成年人 由man成woman构成的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都要变成复数形式。 a man teacher --three men teachers3个男教师 4.特殊的可数名词的复数形式 规则 示例 有些名词经常或只能用复数形式，不能被具体的数词修饰。若表达具体数目，要借助量词par(对，双)，suit(套)等。 glasses眼镜--a pair of gasses一副眼镜 集体名词以单数形式出现,但表示复数意义。其前不能用具体的数词修饰,只能加the，表示“全体......” the police 警察 the cattle牛the people人们 1.2 不可数名词的用法 不可数名词前不能加不定冠词a/an,也无复数形式。 1.中考中常见的不可数名词 rice大米 news新闻 bread面包 information信息 milk牛奶 beef牛肉 food食物 orange橙汁 work工作 fun乐趣 advice建议 homework家庭作业 trouble麻烦 time时间 weather天气 furniture 家具 2.不可数名词的数量表达 不可数名词在表达数量关系时，可借助表示数量单位的短语修饰。 a bottle of orange juice 1瓶橙汁 five bags of rice 5袋大米 一、单项选择 1．—How old ________ your brother? —He is fourteen ________ old. A．am, year B．is, years C．are, years D．is, year 2．—How many ________ are there on the table? —Eighteen. A．milk B．milks C．bottle of milk D．bottles of milk 3．There are ________ on my farm, so we often have some delicious ________ to eat. A．many chickens; chickens B．much chicken; chickens C．many chickens; chicken D．much chicken; chicken 4．—________ beef do you want? —One and a half ________. A．How many; kilo B．How much; kilos C．How many; kilos D．How much: kilo 5．There are more subjects and more ________ in the junior high school. A．activity B．activities C．actions D．actors 6．There are ten ________ in our school. A．man teacher B．man teachers C．men teacher D．men teachers 7．What are your ________? A．hobby B．hobbys C．hobbies D．hobbyes 8．These are ________ of ________ family. A．a photo; she B．photos; she’s C．a photo; her D．photos; her 9．Some _________ are eating grass in the fields. A．sheep B．tigers C．sheeps D．fishes 10．—What drink would you like, Andy? —Could we have________? A．two glasses of orange juice B．two glass of orange juice C．two glasses of orange juices D．two glass of orange juices 11．There are five _________ in the classroom. And each _________ has a book in the hand. A．people; person B．persons; people C．peoples; person D．person; person 12．Could you please give me ________ on how to learn maths? A．an advice B．many advices C．some advice D．much advices 13．—________ milk do we need? —Three ________ of milk. A．How many; glass B．How many; glasses C．How much; glass D．How much; glasses 14．I’m so hungry. Please give me ________ to eat. A．three bread B．three pieces of bread C．three piece of bread D．three pieces of breads 15．Here ________ for you. A．is a book B．a book is C．is book D．book is 二、阅读理解 Do you know the meaning of dumplings? Wealth (财富)! With a history of more than 1,800 years, and as a traditional dish eaten on Chinese New Year’s Eve, dumplings are very popular in China, especially in North China. Chinese dumplings can be made to look like Chinese silver ingots (银锭). It is said that the more dumplings you eat during the Chinese New Year, the more money you can make in the new year. Popular fillings (馅) are pork, chicken, beef, and different kinds of vegetables. They can be cooked by boiling, steaming, frying (油煎) or baking. But do you know how to make dumplings? Please follow these easy steps (步骤). First, we need to mix the flour (面粉) with water. When the dough is ready, we can begin to make dumpling wrappers. We use the rolling pin (擀面杖) to roll the dough into small, thin and round pieces, so that they will be easy to cook. Second, prepare the fillings. We usually choose whatever we like to put into it. We must chop (切碎) those things. Then, we put a spoonful of filling in the center of the wrapper, and stick (黏住) the two opposite sides together. Last, we can cook dumplings. 16．What do Chinese dumplings look like? A．Chinese cups. B．Chinese cakes. C．Chinese silver ingots. D．Chinese cabbages. 17．According to the passage, dumplings may mean ________ in Chinese culture. A．money B．time C．health D．work 18．How many steps do people take to cook dumplings according to the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 19．What do the underlined words “dumpling wrappers” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese? A．饺子皮 B．饺子馅 C．饺子盒 D．饺子料 20．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Chinese New Year B．Chinese dumplings C．Chinese silver ingots D．Chinese people 三、完形填空 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文） The World’s Most Expensive Sandwich The world’s most expensive sandwich went on sale at a department store in London 21 . The McDonald Sandwich was named after its maker, chef(大厨) Scott McDonald. It sold for 85 pounds, or 148 dollars, or 122.53 euros(欧元) 22 . Scott McDonald said the idea 23 to him when he was taking the train home several weeks ago. He wanted to know what he could possibly put in a sandwich if people had enough money to buy it. The ingredients(原料) include Wagyu beef(和牛牛肉),the most expensive meat on the planet(星球). Wagyu beef 24 Japan. People there massage(按摩) the cows and feed them on wheat and corn 25 making them into beef! The sandwich also has Europe’s finest cheese in it. Mr. McDonald added(又说), “Tasting it you would probably think, ‘that’s rich’!” He got 7 orders(定单) before the sandwiches were ready. The first person to buy the sandwich was a food lover, and he was taking it back to the office to share with his boss. The 61-year-old man said, “My friend will say that I am mad(疯的) spending ￡85 on a sandwich, but if it’s very 26 , then that’s OK. I am a big food fan.” 21．A．April B．in last April C．last April D．on April 22．A．every B．each C．everyone D．all 23．A．is coming B．comes C．came D．was coming 24．A．come from B．comes from C．come in D．comes in 25．A．before B．after C．when D．as soon as 26．A．bad B．small C．expensive D．delicious 四、短文填空 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Eating habits are different in different countries. The Chinese have a saying “Eat good things for breakfast, eat a big meal for lunch, but eat less at dinner.” Many people in the USA agree that one s 27 a day with a good breakfast, but their ideas about lunch and dinner are different. Most people in America only give themselves a s 28 time to have their lunch, so they eat a small lunch. After work, they can have more time to eat a big dinner. Also a good dinner at home with all the family talking about their day is a way to take a good rest a 29 a long, hard day of work. Eating at restaurants is also different. In China, very often you can hear people talking and laughing l 30 , and they are just having a good time. In America, it is not like this. They usually eat a good meal f 31 from the noisy places. If they are making some noise, o 32 people will look at them angrily. So we should follow some rules when eating at restaurants in the USA． 五、任务型阅读 Do potatoes play a small role (角色) on your dinner table? Maybe it’s time to make a big change! Potatoes have become China’s fourth staple food (主食) after rice, wheat and corn. Using potatoes as a staple can make us healthier. They do good to us in many ways. Potatoes are nutritious (有营养的). They are rich in vitamin (维生素) C． As we all know, vitamin C can help people keep strong. A potato’s vitamin C is as rich as 4 oranges. Potatoes are also low in calories (卡路里) —they don’t have as much calories as wheat and corn have, but they have high-quality protein (蛋白质). Also, potatoes are easy to grow. People can plant them in almost every part of China. They don’t need much water to grow. Many Chinese people think potatoes are vegetables. They cook potatoes along with other things, and the dishes made with potatoes are really delicious. In order to make more people fall in love with potatoes, scientists try to make noodles and other staple food with potatoes, just like how we use rice or wheat. Would you like to try potato noodles? Potatoes have many good points, but it doesn’t mean we can eat them every day. No matter how good the food is, we should eat in a right way, then we’ll, look good and healthy. 33．What nutrition (营养) are potatoes rich in? 34．Are potatoes high in calories? 35．Where can people plant potatoes in China? 36．How do scientists make potatoes popular among more people? 37．Do you want to eat more potatoes in the future? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons.) 六、书面表达 38．假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Dennis给你发来了邮件。请你根据电子邮件内容，写一封70词左右的回复。 要求： 1. 书写规范，表达连贯，可根据内容适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的学校、班级及姓名。 Hi Dennis, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Food Food 话题 食物 词汇 1.something pron. 某事;某物p. 42 2.beef n.牛肉p. 42 3.pepper n.甜椒p. 42 4.cabbage n.卷心菜p. 42 5.carrot n.胡萝卜p. 42 6.watermelon n.西瓜p. 42 7.onion n.洋葱p. 42 8.cucumber n.黄瓜p. 42 9.strawberry n.草莓p. 42 10.pear n.梨p. 42 11.yogurt n.酸奶;一份酸奶p. 42 12.cheese n.干酪;奶酪p. 42 13.corn n.(小麦等)谷物;玉米p. 42 14.oil n.食用油p. 42 15.salt n.盐;食盐p. 42 16.bean n.豆;豆科植物p. 42 17.product n.产品;制品 p. 42 18.grain n.谷物;谷粒p. 42 19.rainbow n.虹;彩虹 p. 43 20.balanced adj.保持(或显示)平衡的p. 43 21.diet n.日常饮食;日常食物p. 43 22.each det.& pron.(两个或以上的人或物中)各自，各个，每个 p. 43 23.plenty pron. 大量p. 43 24.plenty of 大量;很多的p. 43 25.choice n.选择;挑选;抉择p. 44 26.list n.一览表;清单p. 44 27.few det. &adj不多;很少p. 44 28.a few 有些;几个( 用于可数名词之前 )p. 44 29.pleasure n.高兴;快乐;愉快p. 44 30.ingredient n.(尤指烹饪)材料;成分p. 44 31.tasty adj.美味的;可口的 p. 45 32.need v.需要p. 45 33.fridge n.(= refrigerator)冰箱p. 45 34.surprise n.意想不到(或突然)的事v.使惊奇;使诧异;使感到意外p. 46 35.blog n.(=weblog)博客;网志p. 46 36.as prep. 作为;当作p. 46 37.soy sauce n.(= soya sauce) 酱油p. 46 38.into prep.(表示状态的变化);进入p. 46 39.piece n.碎片;碎块p. 46 40.fry v.油炒;油煎p. 46 41.finally adv.最后p. 46 42.boil v.煮沸;烧开p. 46 43.side n.一边;侧面p. 46 44.side dish (随同主菜一起上的)配菜p. 46 45.mutton n.羊肉p. 46 46.recipe n.食谱;烹饪法p. 47 47.beat v.(用叉等)快速搅拌;打p. 50 48.chopsticks n.(pl.)筷子p. 50 49.bowl n.碗p. 50 50.menu n.菜单p. 53 短语 1.something healthy 健康的东西 2.on one's birthday在某人生日那天 3.ask sb. for help请某人帮忙 4.do good to sb.对……有益 5.cook sth. for sb.为某人烹饪某物 6.(a)balanced diet均衡膳食 7.plenty of大量;很多的 8.different food groups不同的食物类别 9.bean products豆制品 10.every day每天;每日 11.She often has(some) beef for lunch.她常常午餐的时候吃牛肉。 12.how much to eat from each food group every day平衡膳食宝塔向我们展示了每天各种食物的摄入量。 13.(a) shopping list购物清单 14.a bag of 一袋 15.(a)green pepper青椒 16.a few有些;几个(用于可数名词前) 17.my pleasure我的荣幸 18.(a) shopping app购物应用软件 19.Frozen Foods section冷冻食品区 20.Meat and Seafood section肉类海产区 21.Drinks section 饮料区 22.Snacks section零食区 23.Bakery section面包糕点区 24.Dairy Products section乳制品区 25.on one's blog 在某人的博客中 26.(a)side dish (随同主菜一起上的)配菜 27.as a birthday surprise 当作生日惊喜 28.in the fridge 在冰箱里 29.a little soy sauce 一点酱油 30.time to cook 做饭的时间到了 31.get it 成功；达成目标 32.add ... to .. 在…中加入…. 33.cut ...into ... 把…切成… 34.a little surprised 有些吃惊 35.Mrs Brown asked me to have supper/dinner with her this Sunday. 布朗夫人邀请我这周日共进晚餐。 36.She cooked a tasty and healthy dish for Jim.她为吉姆做了一道美味健康的菜肴。 37.two cucumbers 两根黄瓜 38.three oranges 三个橘子 39.a bag of noodles 一包面条 40.a lot of/lots of/many grapes 许多葡萄 41.a bottle of orange juice 一瓶橙汁 42.a little/some bread 一些面包 43.a few/some pieces of beef 几片牛肉 44.have/eat an apple 吃一个苹果 45.drink/have milk 喝牛奶 46.quite a few相当多的；颇多(用于可数名词前) 47.cut up 切开 48.write a recipe 写一份食谱 49.after that 之后；此后 50.cooking step(s) 烹饪步骤 51.a healthy dish一道健康的菜肴 52.(a) balanced diet 均衡的饮食 53.a little 一点；一些(用于不可数名词前) 54.in the bowl 在碗里 55.how to cook ... 如何烹饪… 56.a few一些；几个(用于可数名词前) 57. the ingredients of the dish 这道菜的食材 58.in fact事实上 59.southern China华南；中国南方 60.the first day of Chinese New Year 大年初一 61.long noodles 长面条 62.wish for a long life 企盼长寿 63.try to do sth. 尽力做某事 64.start ... off 进行；开展起来；开启 65.according to根据；依据 66.at midnight在午夜；在子夜 67.celebrate the new year 庆祝新年 68.ask for请求；要求 语法 可数和不可数名词 考点1. .something pron.某事；某物 We know about the problem and we're trying to do something about it. 我们知道这个问题，我们正在努力做些什么。 【提示】something是不定代词，它所指代的对象不特定。任何事件或物品都可以用something来指代。 cook something的something就可以指代某种食物。当有形容词修饰something时，形容词置于其后。本句中的 something healthy指的就是“某种健康的食物”。 又如： He's telling us something funny.他正在给我们讲一件好玩的事情。 something作主语时,其后的动词要用单数形式。 如： Something strange is following me.有样奇怪的东西在跟着我。 cook sth for sb为某人烹饪 ；为某人做 【提示】也可以说成cook sb stho如： Dad cooked me lunch. =Dad cooked lunch for me.爸爸给我做了午餐。 on one's birthday 在某人生日那天 【提示】表示“在某人……岁生日”时，在birthday前加序数词,如： on Ben's twelfth birthday 在本12岁的生日时 考点2. 食物类 beef 牛肉 May I have roast beef today?今天我可以点烤牛肉？（餐厅点餐） 【提示】beef是不可数名词。大多数情况下，肉类都是不可数的。如meat （肉）、mutton（羊肉）、pork（猪肉）、chicken（鸡肉）等都是不可数名词。 tofu n.豆腐 Today's first cold dish is a plate of tofu with preserved egg.今天的第一道凉菜是皮蛋拌豆腐。 【提示】tofu是不可数名词，也常说成bean curd 。 pepper n.舌甘椒 【提示】pepper在英式英语中也称为sweet pepper,在美式英语中常称为bell pepper［因为长得像“铃铛（bell） ”而得名］。很多蔬菜、水果在完整的情况下 是可数的，如orange （橙子）、cabbage （卷心菜）、lettuce（黄苣;生菜）、tomato （西红柿）、potato（马铃薯）等。它们被切碎或掰开后则不可数。试比较： I need to buy three peppers/a kilo of peppers at the market. 我要去菜场买 三只/一公斤甜椒。（完整的甜椒是可数的） Today, I'll cook fried beef with green pepper.今天我要做青椒炒牛肉丝。 （青椒炒之前肯定已经被切成了丝或者是块，此时pepper是不可数名词） cabbage n.卷心菜 Do you like cabbage?你喜欢（吃）卷心菜吗？（不可数） Buy a cabbage and some tomatoes on your way home.回家的路上买颗卷心 菜和几个西红柿。（可数） onion n.洋葱 I always cry when I chop onions.我切洋葱的时候都会流泪。（可数） Fry the onion and garlic for about two minutes.把洋葱和大蒜一起煽炒两分 钟左右。（不可数） carrot 胡萝卜 Cut the two carrots into slices first.先把两根胡萝卜切成丝。（可数） How about fried pork with carrot today?今天吃胡萝卜炒肉好吗？（不可数） watermelon n. 西瓜 The watermelon is so big.这个西瓜太大了吧。（可数） A small piece of watermelon for me is OK.给我一小片西瓜就好。（不可数） cucumber n. 黄瓜 May I have three cucumbers, please?可以给我三个黄瓜吗？（可数） There is tuna and cucumber in the sandwich.这三明治里有金枪鱼和黄瓜。 （不可数） ［提示］sea cucumber 海参 strawberry n.草莓 Strawberries go bad very quickly.草莓很容易变质。 pear n.梨 We have a pear tree in the yard.我们家院子里有棵梨树。 yogurt n.酸奶;一份酸奶 【提示】yogurt也常拼作yoghurt,通常作不可数名词使用。使用a yogurt 时，常常表示“一份酸奶”。 如： I usually have some yogurt for breakfast,我早餐会喝一点酸奶。 There is a strawberry yogurt for you.那儿有一份给你的草莓酸奶。 cheese n.干酪;奶酪 【提示】cheese通常作不可数名词。如： goat's cheese 山羊奶酪 a cheese salad 奶酪沙拉 a piece of cheese 一块奶酪 corn n.（小麦等）谷物；玉米 The corns are on sale in the supermarket.今日超市玉米特价。（可数） We feed the chickens with corn,我们用谷物喂养这些小鸡。（不可数） oil n.食用油 We usually cook with vegetable oil in our family.我们家通常用植物油 做菜。 salt n.盐；食盐 Pass the salt, please.请把盐递过来。 bean n.豆；豆科植物 I usually pick the beans out before I eat the fried rice,我吃炒饭前会把里面的豆子先挑出来。 These coffee beans smell nice.这些咖啡豆真好闻。 product n,产品；制品 We have a new range of skin-care products.我们有一系列新的护肤产品。 bean product 豆制品 Tofu is one of the popular bean products in our country. 豆腐是我国受欢迎的豆制品之一。 grain n.谷物；谷粒 Most Americans don't eat enough fruits, vegetables or grains. 大多数美国人水果、蔬菜和谷物的摄入量不足。 The hen ate the grains of com on the ground.母鸡啄食地上的玉米粒。 考点3. each det. & pnm.（两个或以上的人或物中）各自，各个，每个 Each answer is worth 20 points.每题为 20 分。（each 修饰后面的 answer, 表示“每一个的”，相当于一个形容词） Each of the answers is worth 20 points.每道答题为 20 分。（each 指代 answers中的一个，相当于each answer,是一个代词） 【提示】each与every的区别 every强调全体的概念，与all相当;each强调个体概念。与almost .nearly 等连用时，常用every,不用each；和数词连用时，也只用every,如： Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。 Each student may have one book.每个学生都可以得到一本书。 Almost every student has read the book.差不多每个学生都读过这本书。 The buses go every 10 minutes.公共汽车每隔10分钟发一班车。 every指三个以上的人或物（含三个）的“每个"，each指两个以上的人或物（含两个）的“每个”，如： There are trees on each side of the road.路的两边都有树。 every只作形容词,不可单独使用;each可作代词或形容词,可单独使用,也 可接名词,还可接of短语，如： I have read each of his books.他写的每本书我都读过了。（不能用every） 一Red or blue?你要红的还是蓝的？ 一I will take one of each, please.请每种颜色给我一个。 food group食物组;食物类别 【提示】food group指的是一组具有相似营养特性或生物分类的食物集合。 show sb sth = show sth to sb向某人展示某物;教某人某物 She showed her students the technique. （ =She showed the technique to her students.）她向学生演示了那个技巧。 【提示】show后面还常跟“疑问词+带to的动词不定式”结构。在上面的句子中,how much to eat from each food group every day 是平衡膳食宝塔所展现的内容。又如： Can you show me how to do it?你能教我怎么做吗？ 考点4. plenty pron.大量 一Do we need more milk?我们还需要再买点牛奶吗？ 一No. There's plenty in the fridge.不用。冰箱里还有很多。 （plenty 指代前面提及的milk,相当于plenty of milk） We had plenty to talk about.我们有说不完的话。（plenty 相当于a lot of things） plenty of 大量；很多的 【提示】plenty of与a lot of Jots of的意思和用法相近，用于表示事物数量多，可修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。 如： We have plenty of eggs in the cupboard.柜子里还有很多鸡蛋。 （修饰可数名词eggs） There‘s plenty of room for all of you!这里有足够的地方容纳你们所有的 人！［修饰不可数名词room（地方;空间）］ 考点5. .list n. 一览表；清单 Is your name on the list?你的名字在名单上吗？ 【提示】make a list of sth把 列个清单 Make a list of everything you need.把你需要的东西列个清单。 shopping list n.购物清单 She is making a shopping list for the picnic this weekend.她在为周末的野 餐列购物清单。 Owfew /fjui/ det. & adj.不多;很少 Few people understand the difference.很少有人了 解这个差别。 few有些;几个（用于可数名词之前） I'm only here for a few days.我只在这里待几天。 考点6. pleasure n.高兴;快乐；愉快 He takes no pleasure in his work.他从他的工作中得不到丝毫乐趣。 It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest.我很荣幸来介绍我们的嘉宾。 My pleasure.不客气，很乐意效劳。 【提示】“My pleasure. ”是对别人表示感谢的一种礼貌回答，也可以说成 “It's a pleasure. "，但不能说成“It's my pleasure. 如： 一 It's very kind of you to take some many gifts to us.带这么多礼物给我们你真是太好了！ 一 My pleasure/Ifs a pleasure.您别客气。 语法知识精讲 1.1名词的单复数变化 1.可数名词变复数的规则变化 变化规则 示例 一般情况下,在名词后直接加-s orange- oranges橘子bag- --bags袋，包 以-s,-x,-ch, -sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es. box- --boxes 盒，箱 beach- beaches海滩,沙滩 wish- --wishes希望,愿望 bus- -buses公共汽车 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先变y为i再加es. story- stories故事，小说family-families家庭 以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词(多数情况下)加-es。 tomato -tomatoes 西红柿 hero- -heroes英雄,男主角 以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词，一般在词尾加-s。 zoo---zoos动物园 kangaroo --kangaroos 袋鼠 .以-f或fe结尾的名词，大多数情况下先将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。 knife -knives 刀 leaf -- leaves叶,叶子 2.可数名词变复数的不规则变化 单数 复数 汉语意思 foot feet 脚 tooth teeth 牙齿 goose geese 鹅 man men 男人 child children 儿童，小孩 ox oxen 公牛 单复数同形的名词 fish鱼 sheep羊 deer鹿 series系列 species种类 means方式,方法 “某国人”的复数形式 a Chinese- --two Chinese两个中国人 an Englishman --- three Englishmen 3个英国人 a German- --five Germans 5个德国人 3.复合名词的复数形式 规则 示例 复合名词变复数时，通常只将其中的主体名词变成复教;如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变成复数。 looker-on- -lookers-on 旁观者 grown-up grown-ups成年人 由man成woman构成的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都要变成复数形式。 a man teacher --three men teachers3个男教师 4.特殊的可数名词的复数形式 规则 示例 有些名词经常或只能用复数形式，不能被具体的数词修饰。若表达具体数目，要借助量词par(对，双)，suit(套)等。 glasses眼镜--a pair of gasses一副眼镜 集体名词以单数形式出现,但表示复数意义。其前不能用具体的数词修饰,只能加the，表示“全体......” the police 警察 the cattle牛the people人们 1.2 不可数名词的用法 不可数名词前不能加不定冠词a/an,也无复数形式。 1.中考中常见的不可数名词 rice大米 news新闻 bread面包 information信息 milk牛奶 beef牛肉 food食物 orange橙汁 work工作 fun乐趣 advice建议 homework家庭作业 trouble麻烦 time时间 weather天气 furniture 家具 2.不可数名词的数量表达 不可数名词在表达数量关系时，可借助表示数量单位的短语修饰。 a bottle of orange juice 1瓶橙汁 five bags of rice 5袋大米 一、单项选择 1．—How old ________ your brother? —He is fourteen ________ old. A．am, year B．is, years C．are, years D．is, year 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你哥哥多大了？——他14岁。 考查be动词和名词复数。第一个句子的主语是your brother，be动词用is；空前是数词fourteen，用名词复数。故选B。 2．—How many ________ are there on the table? —Eighteen. A．milk B．milks C．bottle of milk D．bottles of milk 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——桌子上有多少瓶牛奶？——十八瓶。 考查不可数名词的数的表达。milk是不可数名词，不能变复数，排除B；how many后修饰可数名词复数bottles，排除AC。故选D。 3．There are ________ on my farm, so we often have some delicious ________ to eat. A．many chickens; chickens B．much chicken; chickens C．many chickens; chicken D．much chicken; chicken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的农场有很多鸡，所以我们经常有一些美味的鸡肉吃。 考查名词的数。chicken当“鸡”讲的时候是可数名词；当“鸡肉”讲的时候是不可数名词；many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词。第一空的意思是“鸡”，是可数的；第二空的意思是“鸡肉”，是不可数的。故选C。 4．—________ beef do you want? —One and a half ________. A．How many; kilo B．How much; kilos C．How many; kilos D．How much: kilo 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想要多少牛肉？——1.5公斤。 考查特殊疑问句和名词用法。how many多少，询问复数名词数量；how much多少，询问不可数名词数量；kilo千克，可数名词。beef“牛肉”，不可数名词，询问数量用how much；one and a half后跟可数名词复数形式。故选B。 5．There are more subjects and more ________ in the junior high school. A．activity B．activities C．actions D．actors 【答案】B 【详解】句意：初中有更多的科目和更多的活动。 考查名词辨析。activity活动，单数；activities活动，复数；actions行动；actors演员。根据“There are more subjects and more...”可知，此处指校园活动，应用可数名词复数形式。故选B。 6．There are ten ________ in our school. A．man teacher B．man teachers C．men teacher D．men teachers 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们学校有十名男教师。 考查可数名词复数。man teacher男老师，根据数字ten可知，应用名词复数形式。man作定语修饰名词复数时，man也需要用复数形式。故选D。 7．What are your ________? A．hobby B．hobbys C．hobbies D．hobbyes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你的爱好是什么？ 考查可数名词的复数形式。hobby“爱好”，可数名词，复数形式为hobbies。根据“are”可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故选C。 8．These are ________ of ________ family. A．a photo; she B．photos; she’s C．a photo; her D．photos; her 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这些是她家人的照片。 考查名词的用法和形容词性物主代词。she她，人称代词的主格；she’s她是；a photo一张照片；photos照片，为photo的复数形式；her她，她的，人称代词的宾格或形容词性物主代词。根据“These are…of…family.”可知，第一个空前为are，第一个空应用复数名词photos；第二个空表示“她的家人”，应用形容词性物主代词来修饰名词family，第二个空应用her。故选D。 9．Some _________ are eating grass in the fields. A．sheep B．tigers C．sheeps D．fishes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一些绵羊正在田野里吃草。 考查名词词义辨析和可数名词复数的不规则变化。sheep养，单复同形；tigers老虎，可数名词复数；sheeps表达错误；fishes鱼(种类)。根据空格前“Some”后跟可数名词复数，结合空格后“are eating grass in the fields”可知，此处指的是一些绵羊正在田野里吃草。sheep“绵羊”，单复同形。故选A。 10．—What drink would you like, Andy? —Could we have________? A．two glasses of orange juice B．two glass of orange juice C．two glasses of orange juices D．two glass of orange juices 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——安迪，你想喝什么饮料？——我们可以要两杯橙汁吗？ 考查不可数名词及其数的表达。orange juice是不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除C和D。two后面的glass要用复数形式，故选A。 11．There are five _________ in the classroom. And each _________ has a book in the hand. A．people; person B．persons; people C．peoples; person D．person; person 【答案】A 【详解】句意：教室里有五个人。每个人手里都拿着一本书。 考查名词辨析。people“人，人们”，集合名词，表示复数含义；person“人”，可数名词；peoples“民族”。five后可用people或persons，each后接单数名词person。故选A。 12．Could you please give me ________ on how to learn maths? A．an advice B．many advices C．some advice D．much advices 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于如何学习数学的建议吗？ 考查名词的数。根据题干及选项可知，advice“建议”是不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除B、D；也不能用不定冠词an来修饰，可以用some修饰，表示“一些”。故选C。 13．—________ milk do we need? —Three ________ of milk. A．How many; glass B．How many; glasses C．How much; glass D．How much; glasses 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们需要多少牛奶？——三杯牛奶。 考查特殊疑问句和名词的数。How many多少，后接可数名词复数形式；How much多少，后接不可数名词。第一空根据“…milk do we need?”可知，milk是不可数名词，询问数量应用How much；第二空根据“Three …of milk.”可知，三杯是复数，应用glasses。故选D。 14．I’m so hungry. Please give me ________ to eat. A．three bread B．three pieces of bread C．three piece of bread D．three pieces of breads 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我太饿了。请给我三片面包吃。 考查名词的数。根据“Please give me … to eat.”选项可知，bread表示面包，是不可数名词，不可数名词后面不能加“s”，也不能直接用基数词来限定，排除A和D；piece作量词修饰不可数名词，且量词大于1时，用复数形式pieces。故选B。 15．Here ________ for you. A．is a book B．a book is C．is book D．book is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是给你的书。 考查here be句型和名词用法。Here be结构是一个倒装句，表示“这是……”，后面的名词是主语；名词单数前应有修饰词，所以A选项符合，故选A。 二、阅读理解 Do you know the meaning of dumplings? Wealth (财富)! With a history of more than 1,800 years, and as a traditional dish eaten on Chinese New Year’s Eve, dumplings are very popular in China, especially in North China. Chinese dumplings can be made to look like Chinese silver ingots (银锭). It is said that the more dumplings you eat during the Chinese New Year, the more money you can make in the new year. Popular fillings (馅) are pork, chicken, beef, and different kinds of vegetables. They can be cooked by boiling, steaming, frying (油煎) or baking. But do you know how to make dumplings? Please follow these easy steps (步骤). First, we need to mix the flour (面粉) with water. When the dough is ready, we can begin to make dumpling wrappers. We use the rolling pin (擀面杖) to roll the dough into small, thin and round pieces, so that they will be easy to cook. Second, prepare the fillings. We usually choose whatever we like to put into it. We must chop (切碎) those things. Then, we put a spoonful of filling in the center of the wrapper, and stick (黏住) the two opposite sides together. Last, we can cook dumplings. 16．What do Chinese dumplings look like? A．Chinese cups. B．Chinese cakes. C．Chinese silver ingots. D．Chinese cabbages. 17．According to the passage, dumplings may mean ________ in Chinese culture. A．money B．time C．health D．work 18．How many steps do people take to cook dumplings according to the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 19．What do the underlined words “dumpling wrappers” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese? A．饺子皮 B．饺子馅 C．饺子盒 D．饺子料 20．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Chinese New Year B．Chinese dumplings C．Chinese silver ingots D．Chinese people 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的饺子，包括它的历史、在中国文化中的含义以及做饺子的步骤。 16．细节理解题。根据第三段“Chinese dumplings can be made to look like Chinese silver ingots”可知，中国的饺子像中国银锭，故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you know the meaning of dumplings? Wealth (财富)!”可知，饺子在中国的文化中可能意味着金钱，故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据“First, we need to mix the flour (面粉) with water.”，“Second, prepare the fillings.”，“Then, we put a spoonful of filling in the center of the wrapper, and stick (黏住) the two opposite sides together.”和“Last, we can cook dumplings.”可知，做饺子需要4个步骤。故选D。 19．词句猜测题。根据“We use the rolling pin (擀面杖) to roll the dough into small, thin and round pieces, so that they will be easy to cook.”可知，此句是说开始做饺子皮，“dumpling wrappers”的意思是饺子皮，故选A。 20．标题判断题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国的饺子，故选B。 三、完形填空 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文） The World’s Most Expensive Sandwich The world’s most expensive sandwich went on sale at a department store in London 21 . The McDonald Sandwich was named after its maker, chef(大厨) Scott McDonald. It sold for 85 pounds, or 148 dollars, or 122.53 euros(欧元) 22 . Scott McDonald said the idea 23 to him when he was taking the train home several weeks ago. He wanted to know what he could possibly put in a sandwich if people had enough money to buy it. The ingredients(原料) include Wagyu beef(和牛牛肉),the most expensive meat on the planet(星球). Wagyu beef 24 Japan. People there massage(按摩) the cows and feed them on wheat and corn 25 making them into beef! The sandwich also has Europe’s finest cheese in it. Mr. McDonald added(又说), “Tasting it you would probably think, ‘that’s rich’!” He got 7 orders(定单) before the sandwiches were ready. The first person to buy the sandwich was a food lover, and he was taking it back to the office to share with his boss. The 61-year-old man said, “My friend will say that I am mad(疯的) spending ￡85 on a sandwich, but if it’s very 26 , then that’s OK. I am a big food fan.” 21．A．April B．in last April C．last April D．on April 22．A．every B．each C．everyone D．all 23．A．is coming B．comes C．came D．was coming 24．A．come from B．comes from C．come in D．comes in 25．A．before B．after C．when D．as soon as 26．A．bad B．small C．expensive D．delicious 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．D 【导语】本文主要介绍世界上最贵的三明治是如何产生的及消费者对其反应如何。 21．句意：世界上最贵的三明治在伦敦一家杂货店去年四月开售。 April四月；in last April在去年四月；last April去年四月；on April错误结构。时间状语放在句末，应直接用last April。故选C。 22．句意：每一个三明治卖85英镑或148美元或122.53欧元。 every每一个；each每一个；everyone每个人；all所有的。each可作代词，单独使用，故选B。 23．句意：Scott McDonald说这个想法是在几周以前他搭乘火车回家时想到的。 is coming正在来；comes来，一般现在时；came过去式；was coming过去进行时。根据“when he was taking the train home several weeks ago”及“come”可知该句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句用的是过去进行时，come是主句的谓语动词，不可持续，应用一般过去时。故选C。 24．句意：神户牛肉来自日本。 come from来自；comes from动词三单形式；come in进来；comes in动词三单形式。根据“...Japan”可知是指牛肉来自日本，主语是不可数名词，谓语应用三单形式。故选B。 25．句意：那儿的人按摩奶牛，并在把它们做成牛肉之前给他们喂小麦和玉米。 before在……之前；after在……之后；when当……的时候；as soon as一……就。根据“...making them into beef!”可知是在屠宰之前按摩奶牛并给它们吃小麦和玉米。故选A。 26．句意：我的朋友会说我疯了，花85英镑在一个三明治上，但是如果它非常的美味，那么也是可以的，我是一个大的吃货。 bad坏的；small小的；expensive贵的；delicious美味的。根据“then that’s OK. I am a big food fan”可知吃货对食物要求应是美味的。故选D。 四、短文填空 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Eating habits are different in different countries. The Chinese have a saying “Eat good things for breakfast, eat a big meal for lunch, but eat less at dinner.” Many people in the USA agree that one s 27 a day with a good breakfast, but their ideas about lunch and dinner are different. Most people in America only give themselves a s 28 time to have their lunch, so they eat a small lunch. After work, they can have more time to eat a big dinner. Also a good dinner at home with all the family talking about their day is a way to take a good rest a 29 a long, hard day of work. Eating at restaurants is also different. In China, very often you can hear people talking and laughing l 30 , and they are just having a good time. In America, it is not like this. They usually eat a good meal f 31 from the noisy places. If they are making some noise, o 32 people will look at them angrily. So we should follow some rules when eating at restaurants in the USA． 【答案】27．(s)tarts 28．(s)hort 29．(a)fter 30．(l)oudly 31．(f)ar 32．(o)ther 【导语】本文讲述了中国人和美国人饮食习惯和文化的差异，告诉我们要尊重了各国的饮食文化和就餐习俗。 27．句意：在美国，许多人都同意以一顿丰盛的早餐开始新的一天，但他们对午餐和晚餐的看法却不同。根据“a day with a good breakfast”可知，许多美国人都同意以一顿丰盛的早餐开始新的一天。start“开始”，句子是一般现在时，主语one是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填(s)tarts。 28．句意：大多数美国人只给自己很短的时间吃午餐，所以他们吃的很少。根据“Most people in America only give themselves a...time to have their lunch”可知，大多数美国人吃午餐的时间很短。short“短的”符合语境。故填(s)hort。 29．句意：在家里和所有的家人一起吃一顿丰盛的晚餐，谈论他们的一天，是在漫长而艰苦的一天工作后好好休息的一种方式。根据“a way to take a good rest...a long, hard day of work.”可知，是指经过一天的辛苦工作后，after“在……之后”符合语境，故填(a)fter。 30．句意：在中国，你经常可以听到人们大声说笑，他们只是玩得很开心。根据“In China, very often you can hear people talking and laughing”及首字母可知，此处指的是大声地笑，修饰动词laugh用副词loudly“大声地”。故填(l)oudly。 31．句意：他们通常在远离喧闹的地方吃一顿好饭。根据“They usually eat a good meal...from the noisy places.”可知，美国人喜欢在远离嘈杂的地方吃一顿好饭，far from“远离”，为固定短语，故填(f)ar。 32．句意：如果他们制造一些噪音，其他人会生气地看着他们。根据“If they are making some noise...people will look at them angrily”可知，是指其他人，other“其他的”符合语境，故填(o)ther。 五、任务型阅读 Do potatoes play a small role (角色) on your dinner table? Maybe it’s time to make a big change! Potatoes have become China’s fourth staple food (主食) after rice, wheat and corn. Using potatoes as a staple can make us healthier. They do good to us in many ways. Potatoes are nutritious (有营养的). They are rich in vitamin (维生素) C． As we all know, vitamin C can help people keep strong. A potato’s vitamin C is as rich as 4 oranges. Potatoes are also low in calories (卡路里) —they don’t have as much calories as wheat and corn have, but they have high-quality protein (蛋白质). Also, potatoes are easy to grow. People can plant them in almost every part of China. They don’t need much water to grow. Many Chinese people think potatoes are vegetables. They cook potatoes along with other things, and the dishes made with potatoes are really delicious. In order to make more people fall in love with potatoes, scientists try to make noodles and other staple food with potatoes, just like how we use rice or wheat. Would you like to try potato noodles? Potatoes have many good points, but it doesn’t mean we can eat them every day. No matter how good the food is, we should eat in a right way, then we’ll, look good and healthy. 33．What nutrition (营养) are potatoes rich in? 34．Are potatoes high in calories? 35．Where can people plant potatoes in China? 36．How do scientists make potatoes popular among more people? 37．Do you want to eat more potatoes in the future? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons.) 【答案】33．They are rich in vitamin C. 34．No, they aren’t. 35．In almost every part of China. 36．They try to make noodles and other staple food with potatoes, just like how we use rice and wheat. 37．Yes, I do. Because it is rich in vitamin C and low in calories. And if we eat them in a right way, we will look good and healthy. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土豆已成为中国第四大主食，其富含维生素C、低卡路里、蛋白质含量高且易于种植，科学家还通过研发土豆制品来推广土豆，同时强调应合理食用土豆以保持健康。 33．根据“Potatoes are nutritious (有营养的). They are rich in vitamin (维生素) C.”可知，土豆富含维生素C，故填They are rich in vitamin C。 34．根据“Potatoes are also low in calories (卡路里)”可知，土豆卡路里不高，故填No, they aren’t。 35．根据“People can plant them in almost every part of China.”可知，在中国几乎每个地方都可以种植土豆，故填In almost every part of China。 36．根据“In order to make more people fall in love with potatoes, scientists try to make noodles and other staple food with potatoes, just like how we use rice or wheat.”可知，科学家通过用土豆制作面条和其他主食来让土豆更受欢迎，故填They try to make noodles and other staple food with potatoes, just like how we use rice and wheat。 37．本题为开放性问题，可根据个人想法回答，答案合理即可。例如：Yes, I do. Because it is rich in vitamin C and low in calories. And if we eat them in a right way, we will look good and healthy.（是的，我会吃。因为它们富含维生素C，热量低。而且如果我们以正确的方式食用，我们会看起来健康且有活力。）故填Yes, I do. Because it is rich in vitamin C and low in calories. And if we eat them in a right way, we will look good and healthy. 六、书面表达 38．假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Dennis给你发来了邮件。请你根据电子邮件内容，写一封70词左右的回复。 要求： 1. 书写规范，表达连贯，可根据内容适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的学校、班级及姓名。 Hi Dennis, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文： Hi Dennis, I usually eat beef, tomatoes and rice for dinner. I think they are healthy. My mom cooks well, so the food is always delicious. In China, we always have long noodles on birthdays because they are a symbol of long life. It’s getting popular to have cake on our birthdays. We usually make a wish before eating the cake. I also eat eggs and my mom says eggs are a symbol of life and good luck. I love to eat them. What do you eat on your birthday? Maybe, you can try long noodles and eggs!                                                          Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇电子邮件。 ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据电子邮件的问题提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍自己通常吃什么； 第二步，介绍中国人在生日时会吃什么； 第三步，最后问对方生日吃什么。 [亮点词汇] ① a symbol of long life长寿的象征 ② make a wish许愿 ③ good luck好运 [高分句型] In China, we always have long noodles on birthdays because they are a symbol of long life.（because引导的原因状语从句） 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$