Unit 3 Sports and Fitness单元测试B卷(含听力） (1)-高中英语必修1（人教版2019）

Unit 3单元测试卷B （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How often does the man work out now? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Every other day. 2．What will the woman probably do? A．Play football after schoo1. B．Register at a swim club. C．Go to a gym class. 3．What does the woman think of running? A．Cool. B．Easy. C．Tiring. 4．What does the man think is the best of practicing yoga? A．It can give people peace of mind. B．It can help people keep fit. C．It can make people lose weight. 5．What does the man like to do in summer？ A．Skate. B．Fish. C．Swim. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What does the woman think of herself? A．A skilled coach. B．A reliable teammate. C．A talented sportswoman. 7．Why is the man going here with equipment? A．To climb the wall. B．To protect himself. C．To share with the woman. 8．How can the man be described? A．Careful. B．Generous C．Brave. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 9．What will the two speakers do this Saturday? A．Play tennis. B．Play baseball. C．Go swimming. 10．What is the man’s favorite sport? A．Table tennis. B．Basketball. C．Soccer. 11．What do we know about the man? A．He is a good tennis player. B．He likes going to bars. C．He likes listening to music. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Co-workers. B．Old schoolmates. C．Coach and player. 13．What stopped the man from being the best player on the basketball team? A．A back injury. B．A shoulder injury. C．A knee injury. 14．How old is the woman? A．37 years old. B．40 years old. C．43 years old. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 15．What does the woman say about her own sports activities? A．She is quite good at many sports. B．She never had enough time for them. C．She used to do a lot of them. 16．What can we learn about the club? A．It is open until 12:00 at noon. B．It is open until 12:00 at night. C．It opens at 12:00 in the morning. 17．Where will they meet each other? A．At the computer center. B．In front of the cinema. C．At the bus stop. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．Who is the speaker talking to? A．Sports club members. B．International tourists. C．University students. 19．Where did Emma work for a rugby team? A．In Manchester. B．In Dublin. C．In Vancouver. 20．What can be a challenge to Emma’s work? A．Competition in the health care industry. B．Discrimination gains female scientists. C．Influence of misinformation on the public. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Join Our Sports Camp Ever created a whole sports plan for yourself only to give up a few days later? If you’re trying to keep it, join us! The camp is 100% volunteer-run and totally non-profit. What we’ll help you do： ·Create a plan which fits you. Start small, and then gradually increase difficulty. ·Find the time to exercise. Even if it’s only a 10-minute walk, any exercise is enough to get you started. ·Try various activities to find one that you love. After doing them more, you start looking forward to your exercise. ·Find ways to make exercising more fun. Try changing the places where you work out by playing tennis on the playground or doing yoga(瑜伽) in the gym—anything to get yourself excited to workout. Requirements ·Ages：13-17 ·Take your own equipment ·Parents must be with you for your first coming Schedule ·Weekdays 9：00 a.m.—10：00 a.m.;2：00 p.m.—5：00 p.m. ·Weekends 8：30 a.m.—10：30 a.m.;2：00 p.m.—7：00 p.m. How to join Click here to get information and hand in the form to our camp before 9：00 p.m. everyday! 21．What can be learnt about the sports camp? A．It is not free of charge. B．It welcomes parents to join. C．It provides teenagers equipment. D．It inspires teenagers to keep exercising. 22．When can you do exercises during the camp? A．1：30 a.m. on Friday. B．6：00 p.m. on Saturday. C．8：30 a.m. on Thursday. D．10：30 a.m. on Monday. 23．Where does the text probably come from? A．A website. B．A newspaper. C．A travel journal. D．A sports handbook. B We know that spending lots of time sitting down isn’t good for us, but just how much exercise is needed to match the negative health effects of sitting down all day? Research suggests about 30—40 minutes per day of building up a sweat should do it. Up to 40 minutes of“moderate(温和的)to vigorous(有力的)intensity physical activity” every day is about the right amount to balance out 10 hours of sitting still, the research says—although any amount of exercise or even just standing up helps to some extent. That’s based on a study published in 2020 analyzing nine previous studies, involving a total of 44, 370 people in four different countries who were wearing some form of fitness tracker. The analysis found the risk of death among those with a more sedentary(久坐的)lifestyle went up as time spent engaging in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity went down. In other words, putting in some reasonably intensive activities—cycling, brisk walking, gardening—can lower your risk of an earlier death. While analyses like this one always require some detailed dot-joining across separate studies with different volunteers, timescales and conditions, the benefit of this particular piece of research is that it relied on relatively objective data from wearables—not data self-reported by the participants. The research based on fitness trackers is broadly in line with the 2020 WHO guidelines, which recommend 150—300 mins of moderate intensity or 75—150 mins of vigorous intensity physical activity every week to balance out sedentary behaviour. Walking up the stairs instead of taking the lift, playing with children and pets, taking part in yoga or dancing, doing household chores, walking, and cycling are all put forward as ways in which people can be more active—and if you can’t manage the 30—40 minutes right away, the researchers say, start off small. 24．How does the author start the text? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By raising questions. 25．What did the research find? A．The longer you sit still, the earlier you will die. B．The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. C．Productivity can be improved through physical activities. D．Proper intensive activities help reduce the risk of earlier death. 26．Why is the research reliable? A．It’s based on previous studies. B．Its data is relatively objective. C．It’s carried out in different countries. D．Its data is from the participants’reports. 27．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To analyze the risk of sitting still. B．To recommend a healthy lifestyle. C．To inspire people to do more exercise. D．To show benefits of physical activities. C In a recent game of pickleball, my teammate and I were falling far behind other teams. It was her turn to serve. We were both standing behind the baseline, paddles(球拍) up in ready position, when she nodded at me and said, “In it to win it.” “Really?” I looked at her, surprised by her use of a catchy expression that was new to me. My inner self was never ready to accept even the tiniest suggestion that we should be trying to win the game. In my life off the pickleball court, I enjoy yoga, folk dancing—anything but games with winners and losers, and I always prefer to be a observer rather than a participant in the world of sports. Then pickleball came along. Suddenly, I didn’t want to be an observer any longer. I wanted to be a player myself. Like many people, I was first drawn to the game simply as a safe COVID-19 activity. Playing outdoors with people in my neighborhood allowed me to break out of social isolation(隔离). But my addiction to the game comes from the sport’s low barrier of entry. The equipment isn’t particularly expensive. It’s a relatively easy game to learn, and a participant doesn’t need to be especially strong, tall or fast. Little wonder that everyone can now be seen throwing a green, orange or yellow plastic ball with holes in it across a net. Pickleball is the first game I’ve ever wanted to win. I think it’s because of the excitement I feel when I hit an unreturnable ball down the middle of the court and score a point. Participating in a sport myself rather than cheering for others provides real proof that I can still work hard to achieve goals. So, I’ve made a long-term commitment to it. I am embracing the game as my pickleball buddies embrace me. I’d forgotten how much fun it is to socialize while, doing something active. In that playful space of the court, I am facing directly my fears of winning and losing. In the meantime, doing something outside of my comfort zone feels magical. Now I wonder what contests I might be brave enough to enter next. 28．Why was the author surprised by what her teammate said in the recent game? A．She thought her teammate was too weak. B．She hadn’t considered winning or losing. C．She didn’t know what her teammate meant. D．She misunderstood the rules of the game. 29．What is the main reason for the author’s love for pickleball? A．It is what she is good at. B．It allows her to make new friends. C．It is affordable and accessible. D．It has many health benefits. 30．How has the author benefited from playing pickleball? A．She has overcome her fears of competitive sports. B．She has realized her own limitations. C．She has become a more energetic person. D．She has recognized her talents for sports. 31．What does the author plan to do? A．Become a professional athlete. B．Recommend pickleball to more friends. C．Explore some extreme sports. D．Continue playing pickleball. D This must be universally acknowledged: Exercise is good for your body. The question of how much exercise is best, though, is open to debate. The answer often depends on your goals. For heart health, sessions four to five times weekly might be ideal. For mental health? As The Independent reports, scientists believe there’s a pretty specific prescription (处方): Exercising for 45 minutes three to five times a week. The data comes from a new and expansive observational study published in The Lancet Psychiatry and conducted by researchers at Yale and the University of Oxford. The study examined 1.2 million subjects who filled out the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey at two-year intervals (间隔) between 2011 and 2015. Subjects who didn’t exercise at all had an average of three-and-a-half days per month when they felt mentally unwell—stressed, depressed, or otherwise burdened by emotional problems—while those who exercised regularly reported an average of just two days. The study found that having three to five 45-minute sessions a week was best for reducing the reported instances of feeling stressed or depressed. Exercising for longer periods—some subjects reported over 90 minutes in the gym—was associated with a drop-off in mental health benefits. Subjects who spent three hours at a time exercising actually reported an increase in depressive symptoms (症状). Researchers also found that the kind of exercise undertaken made a difference. While all varieties helped, people who participated in team sports promoting social interaction and gym classes like cycling described greater self-satisfaction with mental health. Because the study involved self-reported outcomes and exercise wasn’t monitored, it’s possible that the participants could have misinterpreted the volume of exercise performed. The study, however, makes a convincing case for a popular notion: If exercise were a pill, doctors everywhere would be prescribing it. 32．What decides the ideal amount of exercise for an individual according to the text? A．His exercise routine. B．His physical condition. C．What sports he prefers. D．What he expects to improve. 33．How did the subjects participate in the study? A．By filling out a survey. B．By attending gym classes. C．By interviewing researchers. D．By reading about health benefits. 34．What effect was demonstrated by exercising for over 90 minutes? A．No change in mental health. B．Improved mental health benefits. C．A drop-off in mental health benefits. D．Increased physical health benefits. 35．What limitation of the study was mentioned in the text? A．Exercise process wasn’t monitored. B．Only one type of exercise was studied. C．The study did not include any real subjects. D．Subjects could have misreported exercise amounts. 第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sports offer so many great benefits not only to our physical health but to our mental health. 36 . So allow me to help you count the ways: ·Playing sports improves our mood. Any form of physical activity excites the release of chemicals called endorphins (脑内啡), which make you feel happier and more relaxed as well. This explains why you feel so great after playing a pick-up game of basketball or throwing a football. It doesn’t have to be an intense session. 37 . ·Playing sports gives us a promotion of confidence. 38 , which can be extremely rewarding. These goals might be to win the game, to score agoal, to perform your best, or to simply have fun. Whatever the case, setting these team or individual goals can provide heightened feelings of self-worth and confidence. · 39 . Exercising regularly can improve skills like critical thinking, learning, and concentration abilities. And on top of that, engaging in physical activity such as playing sports or cycling may help prevent development of certain cognitive disorders (认知障碍). So pick up a bat, a ball, or a glove and get out there! ·Playing sports provides means for socialization. Playing team sports provides the perfect opportunity for social interaction. It allows you to spend time and bond with old friends, as well as meet new ones! 40 , whether that should be volleyball, football, hockey, gymnastics, or any others. You’ll harvest many health benefits and have fun doing it. A．Playing sports keeps you energized B．Playing sports improves our mental skills C．These mental health benefits may be less obvious D．Physical activity is certainly a good way to manage stress E．Sports are about setting, working towards, and accomplishing goals F．So don’t wait a second longer to tackle your favorite sport or try a new one G．It’s just about getting on your feet, increasing your heart rate, and having fun at the same time 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mathea isn’t a typical grandmother. She was 92 years old when she 41 the finish line, setting the record for the oldest female to complete a marathon. Mathea doesn’t allow her 42 to slow her down. Mathea stays in 43 all year round by running six days a week. Even when the weather is bad, she 44 covers 36 miles every week. She 45 running for miles and waving to say hello to the people she passes by. She carries her backpack out for the whole day to 46 the city. Running in cities around the world has allowed her to really get a 47 for different places and people, enriching her life. Mathea runs all year round and keeps a(n)   48 training routine, although the pace and number of miles per training day are going to shift around. While running, she keeps her mind 49 by listening to music and audio books (有声书), sometimes greeting the wonderful people she 50 . Mathea says it is her 51 as a physician that makes her understand how her body and mind 52 diet and exercise. “I see the direct connection between 53 and health,” she says. “And you don’t have to be a doctor like me to get the 54 . Mathea says getting through the finish line and earning a Guinness World Records title is an 55 of her life. “However, I won’t stop there,” she adds. 41．A．put B．saw C．crossed D．measured 42．A．job B．age C．illness D．laziness 43．A．silence B．shape C．line D．order 44．A．seldom B．only C．never D．still 45．A．enjoys B．misses C．minds D．finishes 46．A．guard B．change C．promote D．cover 47．A．wish B．name C．feel D．gift 48．A．lasting B．imaginary C．secret D．unrealistic 49．A．disturbed B．occupied C．injured D．observed 50．A．supports B．rescues C．trains D．encounters 51．A．ability B．dream C．career D．promise 52．A．respond to B．go against C．come from D．take over 53．A．resting B．moving C．sightseeing D．learning 54．A．honor B．score C．treatment D．magic 55．A．excitement B．origin C．agreement D．end 第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last year, Chinese from far-off cities flocked to Rongjiang County to watch an amateur village football super league, the VSL, or, CunChao. There was an audience of 50,000 once 56 (attract) to just one game, with millions more watching on Weibo and Douyin. Football in Rongjiang County has a time-honored history, 57 (date) back to the 1940s. Back then, villagers made appointments to“play football together,”which could happen on any surface — whether it was on a grassland 58 on a concrete courtyard. At present, Rongjiang County has 14 standard football fields, all of 59 open for free. Every village has 60 (it) own team or even teams, with over 1000 players registered in the county. Let’s “play football together,”— a line villagers have 61 (repeat) said for over eight decades, has taken on an evolving implication with time. The league’s cultural 62 (diverse) is another draw. During breaks in the matches, performances like the grand song of the Dong ethnic group, and the Lusheng dance of the Miao ethnic group were on show just on the pitch with their traditional ethnic costumes 63 . People’s hopes for the 64 (harmony) countryside as well as the vigor of rural life 65 (bring) out to the fullest on this CunChao game. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66．假定你是李华，你的班级将于下周举行以“运动的好处”为主题的演讲比赛，请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿。 (1)运动使人消除紧张感，变得更加自信； (2)运动增强体质，减少疾病； (3)运动对你的社交网络很重要。 注意：(1)词数 80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Benefits of exercise___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A few years ago, my wife Sue had some fairly serious health problems. She had suffered surgery after surgery and had also put on weight for several years. Diets had not helped her. One day we sat down and drew up a “wish list” of the things we wanted most out of life. One of Sue’s items was to run in a marathon. Given her history and physical limitations, I thought her goal was completely unrealistic, but Sue became committed to it. She began by running very slowly around. Every day she ran just a little farther than she had the day before just one driveway more. “When will I ever be able to run a mile?” Sue asked one day. Soon she was running three. Then five. “We can change ourselves for the better and cause ourselves to pursue our most precious desires with almost total success,” Sue said and registered to run in the St. George Marathon in southern Utah. I drove the mountainous road from Cedar City to St. George. When the marathon began, I parked the car near the finish line and waited for Sue to come in. Five hours later, it was raining steadily and the wind was cold. Several cold and injured runners had been transported past me, and I began to panic. The image of Sue, alone and cold, off the road somewhere, made me sick with worry. The fast and strong competitors had finished long ago, and runners were becoming fewer and fewer. Now I could not see anyone in either direction. Almost all of the cars along the marathon route had left, and some normal traffic was beginning. I was able to drive directly up the race route. There were still no runners in view after driving almost two miles. Then I went around a bend in the road and spotted two runners running up ahead. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was Sue in the company of a girl runner, struggling. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At the finish line, the girl hugged Sue, “You made me believe we could do it.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．A 【原文】M: I think I’m ready to start working out more. Once a week is just not enough. W: Why don’t you start with two days a week for now? Eventually, you will be able to manage every other day. 2．B 【详解】W：I feel so lazy since school ended for the summer. Gym classes every day and after－school football practice kept me fit and strong. What can I do now? M：How about joining a swim club? W：That's a great idea for summer. Thanks! 3．C 【原文】W: Hey, Mark. Why are you wearing shorts? Are you going for a jog? M: Yes, in the park. Do you want to go jogging with me? W: No, thanks. This cooler weather is nice for going outside, but running is so tiring. M: We can go slowly. It’s easy. 4．A 【原文】M: How do you feel when you practice yoga? W: Oh, I feel really tired and sweat a lot. M: But it will help you keep fit, and more importantly, you can have peace of mind. 5．C 【原文】W: What do you like to do in your spare time? M: I’m fond of fishing. In summer, I like to go swimming, and skating is my favorite sport in winter. 6．C 7．B 8．A 【原文】W: Hey, Alexis. Great to see you! Ready for a bit of skating? M: Yeah, but I haven’t been skating for ages, Martha. W: Me neither, but I’m a natural when it comes to sports. So, what’s in your bag? M: A few things — a hat, gloves, a jacket, the usual skating safety equipment. W: We’re only going around the park. M: Well, you never know. W: I don’t bother with hats and gloves or that sort of things. I find it gets in the way. M: Don’t you worry about getting hurt? W: No, I love adventures. Just the other day, I went climbing on this climbing wall, and I didn’t even use safety equipment. If I get hurt, I just ignore the pain. M: Well, I am not that brave. W: Hey, come on. Let’s get going. M: Wait a second. I need to get my equipment on. 9．A 10．B 11．C 【原文】W: Hi, Bill. What are you going to do on Saturday? M: Hi, Rose. Nothing special, why? W: Well, some friends and I are planning to play tennis together. Just join us if you’re interested. M: Wonderful. I love playing tennis, though I’m not a very good player. W: Don’t worry. None of us is Federer, either! What else do you like doing, by the way? M: Basketball is my favorite sport. And I like going out to play basketball with my friends in my spare time. W: What else do you do together? M: We like going swimming or sometimes we go to the cinema. I really like listening to music. I know some of my friends like going to bars or nightclubs. What about you? W: Normally, my friends and I play sports together such as soccer, baseball or sometimes table tennis. What do you think of table tennis? M: It’s okay for me. I stopped playing it a long time ago. It’s a very good sport, but it’s not as popular in the UK as it is in China. 12．B 13．B 14．A 【原文】W: Every time I play soccer, my knees hurt for two days. M: Make sure you take it slow. You don’t want to get seriously injured or anything. W: It’s not like when we were in high school and played sports every day. I remember you used to be the best player on the basketball team before your shoulder injury. You were three years ahead of me at school, right? M: Yes. And I just turned 40! I don’t really play anymore, but I would love to join an adult sports league. W: Well, we could always use a couple more players... M: I actually used to be pretty good at scoring. My back sometimes hurts, but I can still run well. W: Why don’t you come out and practice with us? You can meet some of the other folks on the team. Most of them are my co-workers. M: I’d like that. 15．C 16．B 17．B 【原文】W: Are you busy tomorrow night? I’m going over to the Workers’ Club for volleyball if you’d like to come along. M: Isn’t that far away? W: Not really. If you take the No.3 bus, you can get there in ten minutes. And if volleyball doesn’t interest you, they’ve got a huge indoor swimming pool, a weight room, and an indoor track. It’s a great place to meet people. M: Now that you mention it, it would be nice to get away from the computer center for a change, and I really should get some more exercise. Working up a sweat in a ball game or the weight room would be nice. I’ve got so fat. W: Of course. Look at me — you’re not the only one. In high school I had a lot of time to do sports activities. I was never a great athlete, but I had enough time to play tennis with my friends regularly, and during the winter I’d go skating almost once a week at a place near my home. But after starting college all that extra time disappeared, because I was always hitting the books. Now what little spare time you have must be used in doing exercise. At least the club is open until 12 at night. M: I guess it’s worth a visit. Did you say you’re going tomorrow night? W: Yeah. M: OK, I’ll come, too. How about meeting me in front of the cinema at eight, and we’ll catch the bus there? W: Sure, see you then. 18．A 19．B 20．C 【原文】W: Hi, everyone. This is the monthly meeting of our club. We’ve been fortunate to have got good advice from some famous athletes on how to improve our skills and build up our body. Today, we’ll hear something different. We’re honored to have Emma Wilson here. Emma is a health expert and lecturer from UBC, the University of British Columbia. Emma worked for a football team in Manchester, then for a very successful rugby team in Dublin, and finally ended up working here in Vancouver. Emma says it’s challenging to be a health expert, because people can be easily influenced by advertisements that lack scientific support. Also, people aren’t willing to change their views about food and nutrition as there is so much confusing information online. It’s really important to hear what experts say and that’s why we’ve invited Emma here. She isn’t going to tell us about everything we should eat, but she will teach us to make better choices. Let’s welcome Emma Wilson. 21．D 22．B 23．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个运动营并号召大家参与。 21．细节理解题。由文章第一段“Ever created a whole sports plan for yourself only to give up a few days later? If you’re trying to keep it, join us! The camp is 100% volunteer-run and totally non-profit.(有没有为自己制定过一个完整的运动计划，但几天后就放弃了？如果你想保持住，加入我们吧！该营地100%由志愿者运营，完全是非营利组织。)”可知，该运动营目的是为了激励青少年保持锻炼。故选D项。 22．细节理解题。由Requirements中“Weekdays 9：00 a.m.—10：00 a.m.;2：00 p.m.—5：00 p.m.Weekends 8：30 a.m.—10：30 a.m.;2：00 p.m.—7：00 p.m.(工作日上午9:00至10:00；下午2:00-5:00。周末上午8:30至10:30；下午2:00-7:00)”并结合选项可知，周六下午6点可以参加运动。故选B项。 23．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Click here to get information and hand in the form to our camp before 9：00 p.m. everyday!(点击这里获取信息，并在每天晚上9点之前将表格交给我们的营地！)”可知，这篇文章应该来自网络。故选A项。 24．D 25．D 26．B 27．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该需要多少锻炼来抵消我们久坐所造成的负面影响，从而鼓励人们多参加锻炼。 24．推理判断题，根据第一段第一句“We know that spending lots of time sitting down isn’t good for us but just how much exercise is needed to match the negative health effects of sitting down all day?”（我们知道花很多时间坐着对我们没有好处，但我们知道需要多少运动才能应对整天坐着对健康的负面影响）可知，本文以设问的方式开篇。故选D项。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“In other words, putting in some reasonably intensive activities—cycling, brisk walking, gardening—can lower your risk of an earlier death.”（换句话说，进行一些强度合理的活动——骑自行车、快走、园艺——可以降低你过早死亡的风险。）可知，这个研究发现恰当的高强度活动有助于减少早亡的风险。故选D项。 26．细节理解题，根据第四段中“the benefit of this particular piece of research is that it relied on relatively objective data from wearables—not data self-reported by the participants”（这项研究的好处是，它依赖于可穿戴设备的相对客观的数据，而不是参与者自我报告的数据）可知，这个调查可信是因为它的数据相对来说更客观。故选B项。 27．推理判断题，根据文章最后一段“Walking up the stairs instead of taking the lift，playing with children and pets，taking part in yoga or dancing, doing household chores, walking, and cycling are all put forward as ways in which people can be more active—and if you can’t manage the 30—40 minutes right away, the researchers say, start off small.”（研究人员表示，走楼梯而不是乘电梯、与儿童和宠物玩耍、参加瑜伽或舞蹈、做家务、散步和骑自行车都是人们更活跃的方式——如果你不能马上完成30-40分钟，那就从小处着手。）可知，本文的主要目的是通过介绍我们应该需要多少锻炼来抵消我们久坐所造成的负面影响来鼓励我们多参加锻炼。故选C项。 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者选择参与匹克球运动以及匹克球带给作者的好处。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“My inner self was never ready to accept even the tiniest suggestion that we should be trying to win the game.(我的内心从来没有准备好接受哪怕是最微小的建议，那就是我们应该努力赢得比赛)”可知，作者对队友的鼓励下意识是抗拒的，因为她没想过比赛的输赢，故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据第五段中“But my addiction to the game comes from the sport’s low barrier of entry. The equipment isn’t particularly expensive. It’s a relatively easy game to learn, and a participant doesn’t need to be especially strong, tall or fast.(但我对这项运动的迷恋来自于这项运动的低门槛。设备不是特别贵。这是一个相对容易学习的游戏，参与者不需要特别强壮、高或快。)”可知，匹克球运动真正吸引作者的地方是它入门门槛低，装备不贵又容易上手，故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Participating in a sport myself rather than cheering for others provides real proof that I can still work hard to achieve goals.(自己参加一项运动，而不是为别人加油，这证明了我仍然可以努力实现目标)”及最后一段“I am facing directly my fears of winning and losing.(我直面对输赢的恐惧)”可知，打匹克球让作者意识到自己可以努力去实现目标，也帮助她克服了对输赢的恐惧心理，故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“So, I’ve made a long-term commitment to it.(所以，我对它做了一个长期的承诺)”可知，作者是打算继续打匹克球的，故选D。 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章说明了锻炼对身体的好处，然而多少运动量最好的问题还有待讨论。 32．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This must be universally acknowledged: Exercise is good for your body. The question of how much exercise is best, though, is open to debate. The answer often depends on your goals. (这一点必须得到全世界的承认:运动对你的身体有好处。然而，多少锻炼是最好的，这个问题还有待讨论。答案往往取决于你的目标。)”可知，多少锻炼取决于个人自己的目标。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“he study examined 1.2 million subjects who filled out the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey at two-year intervals(间隔) between 2011 and 2015. (该研究调查了120万名受试者，他们在2011年至2015年间每两年填写一次行为风险因素监测调查。)”可知，测试者填写行为风险因素检测调查，来参加研究。故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Exercising for longer periods—some subjects reported over 90 minutes in the gym—was associated with a drop-off in mental health benefits. (较长时间的锻炼——一些受试者报告在健身房锻炼超过90分钟——与心理健康益处的下降有关。)”可知，锻炼超过90分钟，心理健康的益处可能会下降。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Because the study involved self-reported outcomes and exercise wasn’t monitored, it’s possible that the participants could have misinterpreted the volume of exercise performed. (因为这项研究涉及的是自我报告的结果，而锻炼没有受到监控，所以参与者可能误解了运动量。)”可知，由于锻炼没有受到检测，参与者可能误解了运动量。故选D。 36．C 37．G 38．E 39．B 40．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了体育运动对心理健康的好处。 36．根据上文“Sports offer so many great benefits not only to our physical health but to our mental health.(运动不仅对我们的身体健康有好处，而且对我们的心理健康也有好处)”以及后文“So allow me to help you count the ways(所以请允许我帮你数一数)”可知，后文提到了数运动对心理健康的好处，可知本句说明原因，C选项中These mental health对应上文mental health。故C选项“这些心理健康益处可能不那么明显”符合语境，故选C。 37．根据上文“Any form of physical activity excites the release of chemicals called endorphins (脑内啡), which make you feel happier and more relaxed as well. This explains why you feel so great after playing a pick-up game of basketball or throwing a football. It doesn’t have to be an intense session.(任何形式的体育活动都会刺激一种叫做内啡肽的化学物质的释放，这种物质会让你感到更快乐、更放松。这就解释了为什么你在打篮球或扔足球后感觉如此棒。它不需要是一个激烈的部分)”可知，上文提到体育活动部需要太激烈，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明体育活动很简单也可以让你感觉良好。故G选项“这只是站起来，增加你的心率，同时享受乐趣”符合语境，故选G。 38．根据后文“which can be extremely rewarding. These goals might be to win the game, to score a goal, to perform your best, or to simply have fun. Whatever the case, setting these team or individual goals can provide heightened feelings of self-worth and confidence.(这是非常值得的。这些目标可能是为了赢得比赛，进球，表现得最好，或者只是为了好玩。不管是哪种情况，设定这些团队或个人目标都能提高自我价值感和自信心)”可知，本句主要说明了运动因为完成目标，所以对心理健康有好处，E选项中goals对应后文goals。故E选项“运动是关于设定、朝着目标努力和完成目标”符合语境，故选E。 39．根据本段内容“Exercising regularly can improve skills like critical thinking, learning, and concentration abilities. And on top of that, engaging in physical activity such as playing sports or cycling may help prevent development of certain cognitive disorders (认知障碍). So pick up a bat, a ball, or a glove and get out there!(经常锻炼可以提高批判性思维、学习能力和集中注意力的能力。最重要的是，参加体育运动或骑自行车等体育活动可能有助于预防某些认知障碍的发展。所以拿起球棒，球，或者手套，出去吧！)”可知，本段的主旨是运动可以有助于预防某些认知障碍的发展，提高批判性思维、学习能力和集中注意力的能力，即对我们的智力有好处。故B选项“运动可以提高我们的智力”符合语境，故选B。 40．根据上文“Playing team sports provides the perfect opportunity for social interaction. It allows you to spend time and bond with old friends, as well as meet new ones!(团队运动为社会互动提供了绝佳的机会。它可以让你花时间和老朋友联系，也可以结识新朋友！)”以及后文“whether that should be volleyball, football, hockey, gymnastics, or any others(无论是排球、足球、曲棍球、体操还是其他任何运动)”可知，后文主要列举了任意参加的运动，说明本句是在建议立刻去尝试这些运动。故F选项“所以不要再等一秒钟去从事你最喜欢的运动或尝试一项新的运动”符合语境，故选F。 41．C 42．B 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了92岁的玛西娅创造了完成马拉松比赛的最年长女性的记录，文章分享了她的跑步爱好和保持健康的建议。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她冲过终点线时，她已经92岁了，创造了完成马拉松比赛的最年长女性的记录。A. put放；B. saw看见；C. crossed穿过；D. measured测量。根据后文“the finish line”指穿过终点线应用cross。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛西娅不会让自己的年龄放慢脚步。A. job工作；B. age年龄；C. illness疾病；D. laziness懒惰。根据上文“She was 92 years old”此处指不会让自己的年龄让自己放慢脚步。故选B。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛西娅每周跑步六天，全年都保持好身材。A. silence沉默；B. shape身材，形状；C. line队伍；D. order订单。根据后文“by running six days a week”可知，跑步让她保持好身材。故选B。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使天气不好，她仍然每周走36英里。A. seldom很少；B. only仅仅；C. never从不；D. still仍然。根据上文“Even when the weather is bad”可知，即使天气不好，她仍然每周走36英里。故选D。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢跑几英里，并向她经过的人挥手打招呼。A. enjoys欣赏，喜欢；B. misses错过；C. minds介意；D. finishes结束。根据后文“running for miles and waving to say hello to the people she passes by”以及上文提到天气也不好也坚持跑步，可知是喜欢跑步和经过的人打招呼，故选A。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她背着背包走了一整天，走遍了整个城市。A. guard守卫；B. change改变；C. promote促进；D. cover覆盖，走过。根据上文“She carries her backpack out for the whole day to”并结合她喜欢跑步可知，此处指她背着背包走遍整个城市。故选D。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在世界各地的城市跑步让她真正感受到了不同的地方和不同的人，丰富了她的生活。A. wish希望；B. name名字；C. feel感觉；D. gift礼物。根据后文“different places and people, enriching her life.”可知，在世界各地的城市跑步让她真正感受到了不同的地方和不同的人，丰富了她的生活。故选C。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马西娅一年四季都在跑步，并保持着持久的训练计划，尽管每次训练的速度和英里数会有所变化。A. lasting持久的；B. imaginary想象的；C. secret秘密的；D. unrealistic不现实的。根据上文“Mathea runs all year round”可知，全年跑步，保持持久的训练计划。故选A。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：跑步的时候，她听音乐和有声读物，有时和她遇到的很棒的人打招呼。A. disturbed打扰；B. occupied占据；C. injured受伤；D. observed观察。根据后文“by listening to music and audio books”指跑步的时候音乐和有声读物占据了她的思维。故选B。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：跑步的时候，她听音乐和有声读物，有时和她遇到的很棒的人打招呼。A. supports支持；B. rescues救援；C. trains训练；D. encounters遇见。根据上文“sometimes greeting the wonderful people she”此处指跑步的时候遇到的人。故选D。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛西娅说，她作为一名医生的职业使她了解自己的身体和心灵对饮食和运动的反应。A. ability能力；B. dream梦想；C. career事业；D. promise承诺。根据后文“as a physician”可知，此处指医生的职业。故选C。 52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：玛西娅说，她作为一名医生的职业使她了解自己的身体和心灵对饮食和运动的反应。A. respond to回应；B. go against违背；C. come from来自；D. take over接管。根据下文“I see the direct connection between　　　　13　　　　and health”推知，此处指身体和心灵如何对运动做出反应。故选A。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我看到了运动和健康之间的直接联系，”她说。A. resting休息；B. moving移动，运动；C. sightseeing观光；D. learning学习。根据上文“Mathea runs all year round”可知，此处指看到运动和健康之间的关系。故选B。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不必像我一样成为一名医生，也能获得魔力。A. honor荣誉；B. score分数；C. treatment治疗；D. magic魔法。根据上文“I see the direct connection”可知，玛西娅知道运动和健康之间的关系，所以指运动可以帮助我们获得魔力。故选D。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛西娅说，冲过终点线并获得吉尼斯世界纪录的称号是她生命中令人兴奋的事情。A. excitement激动；B. origin起源；C. agreement同意；D. end结束。根据上文“Mathea says getting through the finish line and earning a Guinness World Records title is an”可知，玛西娅酷爱跑步，因此推测冲过终点线并获得吉尼斯世界纪录的称号是她生命中令人兴奋的事情。故选A。 56．attracted 57．dating 58．or 59．which 60．its 61．repeatedly 62．diversity 63．on 64．harmonious 65．have been brought##are brought 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了榕江县的足球比赛吸引了中国许多观众前往观看。 56．考查非谓语动词。句意：一场比赛曾经吸引了5万名观众，而在微博和抖音上观看的观众则有数百万人。分析句子结构可知attract与逻辑主语audience构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填attracted。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：榕江县的足球历史悠久，可以追溯到20世纪40年代。此处date与逻辑主语history构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填dating。 58．考查固定句型。句意：那时，村民们约定“一起踢足球”，这可以在任何地面上进行——无论是在草地上还是在混凝土庭院上。此处为句型whether…or…表示“无论是……还是……”。故填or。 59．考查定语从句。句意：目前，榕江县拥有14个标准足球场，全部免费开放。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词14 standard football fields，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。 60．考查代词。句意：每个村庄都有自己的一只球队，甚至是多只球队，在该县注册的球员超过1000人。修饰名词team应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 61．考查副词。句意：让我们“一起踢足球”，这是村民们80多年来反复说的一句话，随着时间的推移，这句话的含义也在不断变化。修饰动词said应用副词repeatedly，故填repeatedly。 62．考查名词。句意：联盟的文化多样性是另一个吸引人的地方。作主语应用名词diversity，根据后文is可知为单数。故填diversity。 63．考查介词。句意：比赛间歇，就在球场上上演侗族壮歌、苗族芦笙舞等民族传统服饰表演。此处表示“穿着……服饰”应用with sth. on。故填on。 64．考查形容词。句意：人们对和谐乡村的向往和乡村生活的活力在村巢游戏中得到了充分的体现。修饰名词countryside应用形容词harmonious，故填harmonious。 65．考查时态语态。句意：人们对和谐乡村的向往和乡村生活的活力在村巢游戏中得到了充分的体现。主语与i谓语构成被动关系，此处可用现在完成时的被动语态，表示过去的动作对现在产生影响；也可用一般现在时的被动语态，表示陈述事实，主语为People’s hopes，谓语用复数。故填have been brought/are brought。 66．Benefits of exercise Doing exercise on a regular basis is necessary in our daily life. Everyone benefits from exercising regularly, regardless of age, sex or physical ability. Exercising can help us get rid of tension and become more confident. It also builds up our body and reduces the risk of getting ill. What’s more, sports are important for our social network. It allows us to meet more people and build better relationships with them. As far as I’m concerned, however busy we are, we should try every means to spare a certain amount of time for exercise. Only in this way can we stay healthy both physically and mentally. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的演讲稿。要求考生以“运动的好处”为主题写一篇演讲稿参加班级下周举办的演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 去除：get rid of → remove 此外：what’s more → in addition 重要的：important→ essential/significant 在我看来：as far as I am concerned→ from my point of view 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：What’s more, sports are important for our social network. It allows us to meet more people and build better relationships with them. 拓展句：What’s more, sports are important for our social network, which allows us to meet more people and build better relationships with them. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As far as I’m concerned, however busy we are, we should try every means to spare a certain amount of time for exercise.（运用了however引导的让步状语从句） 【高分句型2】Only in this way can we stay healthy both physically and mentally.（运用了only+状语位于句首引出的倒装句） 67．作答示例 It was Sue in the company of a girl runner, struggling. As I approached them, I noticed the pair dragging their feet and running forward awkwardly with their shoes wet. I pulled off and called. “Are you okay?” “Oh, yes!” Sue said, almost out of breath. The girl also nodded and kept moving. I had wanted to offer them a ride in, but the resolve in their eyes made me swallow back the words. I turned around and followed. Inch by inch, they were getting closer to the finish line. Eventually, the real winners in my heart ran past the finish line. At the finish line, the girl hugged Sue, “You made me believe we could do it.” She added, “Sue described so vividly how it would be to finish that I knew I could do it.” Sue smiled back. “I’ve been dreaming about this day for two years and I shall not be denied”. Greatly moved, the girl promised she would never quit anything easily without total success. At that moment, I looked at Sue and found she was carrying herself differently. It was not as if she had become someone new; it was more as if she had discovered a real self she had not known before. She truly liked her newly discovered self. So did I. 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述作者的妻子苏决定参加马拉松比赛，尽管她身体不好。作者陪着她训练，苏坚持了下来。到了比赛那天，突然下起大雨，气温降低，作者开始担心苏。等比赛线路上恢复交通后，作者沿路开去，在两公里后的拐弯处看到了两个跑步者。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①根据第一段首句“那是苏和一个跑步的女孩在一起，正在挣扎”可知，下文可描写苏和那个女孩的状态，以及作者想让她们坐车而被拒绝，最终陪着她们一路到终点。 ②根据第二段首句“在终点线，女孩拥抱了苏，‘你让我相信我们能做到。’”可知，下文可描写年轻女孩对苏的感谢和感受，以及作者对妻子新态度的欣赏。 2. 续写线索：苏和一个女孩挣扎着跑——两人看起来很狼狈——拒绝上车——继续跑到终点——女孩拥抱苏——感激苏——女孩的感受——作者发现苏态度变化——欣赏她新的自我 3.词类激活 行为类 ①靠近：approach/draw near ②注意到：notice/take notice of/spot ③提供：offer/provide ④放弃：quit/give up 情绪类 ①感动的：moved/touched ②喜欢：like/appreciate 【点睛】[高分句型1]As I approached them. I noticed the pair dragging their feet and running forward awkwardly with their shoes wet.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句和现在分词作宾补） [高分句型2]Greatly moved, the girl promised she would never quit anything easily without total success.（运用了形容词作状语和省略引导词that的宾语从句） 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null