专题03 阅读理解 （说明文）-【好题汇编】备战2025年高中学业水平合格考英语真题分类汇编（广东专用）

专题03 阅读理解 （说明文） 1. （2024·广东）Have you ever drawn pictures on your notebooks when you are siting in class? If so, your teacher might have told you to stop. Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite. One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009, researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group was encouraged to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that they would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29% more. Other people suggest other uses for doodling. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you will have a fresh idea and get an answer more quickly. An author named Sunni Brown wrote a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that. In fact, she owns a business that helps companies improve management effectiveness through doodling. Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four. You might think that being good at drawing is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it does’t matter what the picture looks like. Even if you are not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need to focus, pick up a pen and doodle away. 1．What does the last sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest? A．Drawing might be allowed in class. B．Drawing is the first step to doodle. C．Doodling might help students focus. D．Doodling is popular with students 2．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph4 refers to the fact that __________ A．doodling can help people think B．Sunni Brown does business by doodling C．people consider doodling as doing nothing D．Sunni Brown wrote a book about doodling 3．According to the last two paragraphs, doodling __________. A．helps people become better learners B．is useless in listening to a lecture C．requires very good drawing skills D．does not attract any artists 4．The purpose of the passage is to __________. A．do research by doodling B．solve problems by doodling C．help people learn how to doodle D．introduce the benefits of doodling 5．In which section of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? A．Health. B．Education. C．Technology. D．Economy. 2. （2023·广东）A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. The map, called ClimateEX, allows users to see how global warming (全球变暖)influences temperature and rainfall across the Earth. The map shows, in the UK, areas of eastern Scotland have been most influenced by climate change. In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. The map also shows that over the next 50 years parts of Wales and northeast England will see big changes to their climate. Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America will be subject to terrible heat and rainfall. Papua New Guinea, southeastern China, the west coast of the US, Greenland and the Arctic are also easily influenced, most importantly for sea level change. ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. The user simply touches the place where storms are frequent at present on the map and then ClimateEX will show all the places where storms are likely to happen in 50 years. 1．A rise in temperature and loss of rainfall have happened in ____. A．the US B．China C．Papua New Guinea D．the UK 2．The map tells the climate change in the future by _ . A．setting up weather stations B．recording rainfall C．measuring the sea levels D．using past climate data 3．The underlined phrase be subject to in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____. A．cause B．suffer C．avoid D．change 4．According to the last paragraph, the map can _____. A．reduce the influences of climate change B．change the climates of different countries C．show where extreme climates will happen D．suggest how people deal with climate change 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Increasing Rainfall B．An Amazing Map C．A Map of the World D．Changeable Climate 3. （2023·广东）Anger is a natural feeling that everyone experiences in life. Some researchers believe the first sound a baby makes when born could be a sign of anger. Anger may be the first feeling we have and respond to. It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. But of course, that is not how we usually think of anger. Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under control. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. We learn this for a good reason. Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. So what can we do to understand and calm this feeling? One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. We can also try to walk away from a situation that causes anger, ask a doctor for advice, or just exercise more in our daily life. And of course we may have many other methods. Whatever solution we choose, as long as we are trying to find the solution to the problem, we have already taken the first step in the right direction. 1．According to Paragraph 1, anger can _____. A．lead to justice B．keep us healthy C．help us tell right from wrong D．help us make things better 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．We are taught to control anger. B．Anger appears early in life. C．We shouldn’t get angry at work. D．Angry children should be punished. 3．The underlined word “suppresses” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____. A．holds in B．takes in C．expresses D．understands 4．Which of the following can help deal with anger? A．Excellent physical health. B．A talk with a close friend. C．Some exercises given by teachers. D．A good relationship with others. 5．What does the author think of anger? A．Anger shown by children is unacceptable. B．Anger leads to deadly mental and physical illnesses. C．Anger can be a healthy feeling and need be treated properly. D．Anger builds up relationships with our friends or workmates. 4. （2022·广东）What would life be like without commas (逗号)? It would be quite confusing. Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. Add comma, and Dad becomes a partner at dinner: Let’s eat, Dad! The comma enables people to have a better understanding of the sentence. Here’s another example: Tom said Sarah stole the cake. Here, Sarah is the thief. But add a pair of commas, and Tom becomes the thief: Tom, said Sarah, stole the cake. The examples above clearly show that people cannot do without commas in writing. Yet, the comma came from oral speeches. Long ago, most people could not read. They listened to the news or stories told by the people who gave speeches. The comma began as something to mark the resting place in a sentence. When reading, the speakers knew where to stop and take a breath. In writing, commas are like shining red lights on the road. They require that you wait a moment before continuing. And don’t add a comma when you feel like it. There are rules that people shall not break. Learn them, and you won’t be eating anyone or making wrong changes. 1．Without commas, life would be________. A．frightening B．puzzling C．relaxing D．interesting 2．The author uses two examples in the passage to________. A．tell jokes to readers B．show the importance of using commas C．tell stories to readers D．show the difficulty of using commas 3．Commas were first used to________. A．indicate a long sentence B．rewrite an unclear sentence C．continue a sentence D．mark a break in a sentence 4．According to the last paragraph, we use commas by following________. A．our feelings B．our speeches C．certain rules D．some facts 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Commas Make Sentences Clear. B．Commas Make English Interesting. C．Commas Make Writing Easy. D．Commas Make Speeches Surprising. 5. （2021·广东）In many families today, both the mother and the father have jobs outside the home. This can make it difficult to take care of the children. To help, some companies are changing the work rules. These companies are trying to be more family-friendly. What are companies doing to become family-friendly? Many companies are allowing their employees (雇员) to work flexible (灵活的) hours. With flexible hours, people can work full time, but they don’t have to work to a nine-to-five schedule. Some employees choose to come early and leave early. Some employees choose to work ten hours one day and six hours the next. Most companies say that flexible hours increase productivity. In the United States, about one-third of full-time employees have flexible work schedules. Family-friendly companies also allow two employees to share one job. Each employee does half the job and gets half the salary. In the United States, 27% of the companies offer some kind of job sharing. Many family-friendly companies also give paid leave to both parents when a baby is born. In many countries, employers have to give female workers time off before and after the birth of a child. In the United States, for example, female employees get 12 weeks of unpaid time off. New mothers can stay at home, but they don t get their salary. In some countries, employers have to give all workers paid leave for the birth of their child. In Finland, for example, both male and female employees get paid leave. Women get 105 days of paid leave and men get 42. The way people work is changing. For many people, that is a good thing. 1．Some companies make some changes in their work rules to ________. A．enable parents to take care of their children B．give parents more time to relax C．provide parents with more job opportunities D．allow parents to work at home 2．According to Paragraph 2, employees in family-friendly companies ________. A．can arrange their work time themselves B．can work with their babies around C．must work from nine to five D．must share jobs with others 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Employers become busier with flexible hours. B．Employers have enough time to look after their children. C．Employees can get job-sharing opportunities in some American companies. D．Employees can have three months’ paid leave in some American companies. 4．In some countries, paid leave is given to both parents when ________. A．they have physical problems B．they have a new baby C．they do a good job D．they do extra work 5．This passage is mainly about ________. A．companies’ work rules about getting leave B．ways of job sharing in some companies C．job opportunities for female employees D．some companies’ family-friendly rules 6. （2021·广东）Modern inventions have greatly increased people’s love of speed. Motor cars cover a hundred miles in a little more than one hour, aircraft cross the world within a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year we produce motor cars which go even faster and each new computer is said to save precious seconds in handling tasks. All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet lag (时差反应): our bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Again, spending too much time in front of computers results in eye pain or finger pain. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists. Too much use may do harm to our brains, a bad result we do not like to think about. What do we do with the time we have saved then? Certainly not relax. We are so used to constant (连续不断的) activities that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world. Modern inventions have brought us great benefits, but at the same time, we have lost a lot of fun as human beings. There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the farming of the land or the care of cattle. Their lives went on at a much slower speed, and in a  familiar pattern. We might admire a way of life like this, yet such a lifestyle will be just a dream for us nowadays. Modern technology has changed everything. 1．The underlined word lightning in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________. A．fast B．unexpected C．possible D．exciting 2．According to Paragraph 2, we save time at the price of our ________. A．happiness B．health C．wealth D．safety 3．According to the passage, modern inventions make life ________. A．happier and more relaxing B．faster and less enjoyable C．simpler and less comfortable D．slower and healthier 4．The last paragraph suggests that ________. A．life in the future will be better B．we should do more physical work C．we cannot enjoy modern life D．our life cannot be what it used to be 5．Which section of the newspaper is the passage probably from? A．Business. B．Education. C．Sports. D．Life. 7. （2020·广东）Our culture is the system we use to build our identity. All living things are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture! So what is culture? It's the way we behave in a group. It begins with each individual (单个的) family. Within our families we do things to build relationships with each other. This can include routines like daily housework and weekly shopping. It also includes traditions. Traditions are activities that are repeated on a regular basis. Culture is not limited to individual family groups. The real strength of culture is in larger community groups. These larger groups are called societies. Every society makes rules for itself. It decides how people should act in different situations. Some of these rules are written down. Some are just things that are naturally expected of all members of that society. Often, cultures can be recognized by what the people believe. Cultures are also known by what they choose to include in their art. Sometimes cultures may be formed by people who speak the same language. Cultures may also be known for their customs, including the foods they make and the things they do. Our cultures help us understand who we are and what we believe. There are very strong feelings connecting us to our own society. Two different cultures may disagree on something, especially if they both feel strongly about it. When that happens, war is a common result. People are learning better ways to communicate with each other. The more we communicate, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures. 1．The underlined word routines in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______. A．hobbies B．behaviors C．formal activities D．daily activities 2．Where does the real strength of culture? A．In arts. B．In societies. C．In families. D．In languages. 3．Which of the following may the author disagree with according to the passage? A．Culture doesn't exist in animals. B．Culture is the way we behave. C．Cultures may not agree with each other. D．Cultures help us understand ourselves. 4．How can people appreciate cultural differences? A．By building a wall. B．By preparing to fight. C．By communicating. D．By making friends. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．What Is Culture? B．What Is Society? C．What Is Tradition? D．What Is System? 8. （2019·广东）Nowadays, many of us spend about 10 hours a day in front of a Computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. The result is that our Brain easily feels tired. We need to give the brain a rest, but how? David Strayer is a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs. His argument finds strong support from Carl and Kate, two experienced campers. Carl, who works for a mobile phone company, says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed. It also prepares him for the work he must do. "Camping gives us a chance to be in touch with nature and it's very relaxing. When you return to work on Monday, you're in a better state of mind. I really like the way I feel on Monday. Kate is a senior editor. She says camping brings her some peace she couldn't have otherwise. She even finds herself more creative. David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus. When people go camping, they need to learn about animals and natural environments; they have to deal with the weather, learn to stay dry in the rain or warm in the snow and have to keep the feet in good condition when hiking and walking. Some might say that taking a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or in a city park is wonderful, too. But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways. And it brings more health benefit as well. 1．What is the result of using electronic devices too much? A．We will waste time. B．Our brain will feel tired. C．Our study will be influenced. D．Our brain will be refreshed. 2．How does Carl feel after camping? A．Warm B．Calm C．Relaxed D．Peaceful 3．Why does the author take Carl and Kate as examples? A．To share a good camping site. B．To share their work experiences. C．To show their interest in camping. D．To show advantages of camping 4．Which of the following is the benefit of camping? A．It helps protect the environment. B．It helps us learn more about nature. C．It teaches us to keep warm in the rain. D．It teaches us to avoid difficult situations. 5．What is the author’s attitude towards camping? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Uninterested. D．Doubtful. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解 （说明文） 1. （2024·广东）Have you ever drawn pictures on your notebooks when you are siting in class? If so, your teacher might have told you to stop. Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite. One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009, researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group was encouraged to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that they would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29% more. Other people suggest other uses for doodling. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you will have a fresh idea and get an answer more quickly. An author named Sunni Brown wrote a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that. In fact, she owns a business that helps companies improve management effectiveness through doodling. Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four. You might think that being good at drawing is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it does’t matter what the picture looks like. Even if you are not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need to focus, pick up a pen and doodle away. 1．What does the last sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest? A．Drawing might be allowed in class. B．Drawing is the first step to doodle. C．Doodling might help students focus. D．Doodling is popular with students 2．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph4 refers to the fact that __________ A．doodling can help people think B．Sunni Brown does business by doodling C．people consider doodling as doing nothing D．Sunni Brown wrote a book about doodling 3．According to the last two paragraphs, doodling __________. A．helps people become better learners B．is useless in listening to a lecture C．requires very good drawing skills D．does not attract any artists 4．The purpose of the passage is to __________. A．do research by doodling B．solve problems by doodling C．help people learn how to doodle D．introduce the benefits of doodling 5．In which section of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? A．Health. B．Education. C．Technology. D．Economy. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文，主要介绍了涂鸦（doodling）的积极作用。文章通过研究和专家的观点，阐述了涂鸦不仅不会分散注意力，反而有助于记忆、创造性思维和学习。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“ Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite.（很多人认为涂鸦可能使你分心。但结果可能是相反的）”推知，这句话表明涂鸦可能帮助学生集中注意力。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“ She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that . （她承认人们把涂鸦看作无所事事，但她想改变那个（看法））”可知，“that”指代上文提到的“人们认为涂鸦是无所事事”这件事。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning.（布朗相信涂鸦有助于学习，因为它包含了多种学习方式）”可知，涂鸦有助于人们成为更好的学习者，因为它结合了多种学习方式，如看、听、读和写。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“ Many people think doodling (胡写乱画)may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite.(很多人认为涂鸦可能使你分心。但结果可能是相反的)”，以及第二段中“ One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear.（涂鸦可能有助于你记住你所听到的）”，第三段中“ Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. (Jesse Prinz，一位研究涂鸦的教授，说涂鸦能帮助你进行创造性思维)”等内容可知，文章的目的是介绍涂鸦的好处。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是倒数第二段“Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four.(布朗相信涂鸦有助于学习，因为它包含了多种学习方式。你从四个方面进行学习：看，听，读和写。运用的方法越多，你就学得越好。当你在听讲座时涂鸦，你就运用了所有的四种方法)”可知，本段提到了涂鸦对学习的帮助，可以推断这篇文章很可能出现在报纸的教育版块。故选B。 2. （2023·广东）A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. The map, called ClimateEX, allows users to see how global warming (全球 变暖)influences temperature and rainfall across the Earth. The map shows, in the UK, areas of eastern Scotland have been most influenced by climate change. In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. The map also shows that over the next 50 years parts of Wales and northeast England will see big changes to their climate. Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America will be subject to terrible heat and rainfall. Papua New Guinea, southeastern China, the west coast of the US, Greenland and the Arctic are also easily influenced, most importantly for sea level change. ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. The user simply touches the place where storms are frequent at present on the map and then ClimateEX will show all the places where storms are likely to happen in 50 years. 1．A rise in temperature and loss of rainfall have happened in ____. A．the US B．China C．Papua New Guinea D．the UK 2．The map tells the climate change in the future by _. A．setting up weather stations B．recording rainfall C．measuring the sea levels D．using past climate data 3．The underlined phrase be subject to in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____. A．cause B．suffer C．avoid D．change 4．According to the last paragraph, the map can _____. A．reduce the influences of climate change B．change the climates of different countries C．show where extreme climates will happen D．suggest how people deal with climate change 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Increasing Rainfall B．An Amazing Map C．A Map of the World D．Changeable Climate 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新研究开发交互式地图可显示全球气候变化状况。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. (在美国，西海岸气温上升，降雨量减少。)”可知，美国出现了气温上升和降雨减少的情况。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. (该地图由辛辛那提大学的一位科学家开发，使用了全球5万个国际气象站50年来的公共气候数据。)”可知，该地图利用过去的气候数据来预测未来的气候变化。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. (它不仅显示了气候是如何变化的，而且还显示了到2070年可能会发生什么。)”和划线词前半句“According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America (根据地图，在未来的50年里，中美洲)”可推断，在未来的50年里，中美洲将遭受可怕的高温和降雨。所以划线词be subject to为“遭受”之意。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. (ClimateEX还可以帮助用户搜索未来气候变化可能导致极端现象的地方。)”可知，该地图可以显示哪里会发生极端天气。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. (一幅新的交互式地图显示了世界上哪些地区受气候变化影响最严重。)”、第三段“It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. (它不仅显示了气候是如何变化的，而且还显示了到2070年可能会发生什么。)及全文可知，文章主要介绍了新研究开发交互式地图可显示全球气候变化状况，还能预测未来的气候变化，是令人惊讶的。所以“An Amazing Map(令人惊叹的地图)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 3. （2023·广东）Anger is a natural feeling that everyone experiences in life. Some researchers believe the first sound a baby makes when born could be a sign of anger. Anger may be the first feeling we have and respond to. It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. But of course, that is not how we usually think of anger. Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under control. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. We learn this for a good reason. Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. So what can we do to understand and calm this feeling? One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. We can also try to walk away from a situation that causes anger, ask a doctor for advice, or just exercise more in our daily life. And of course we may have many other methods. Whatever solution we choose, as long as we are trying to find the solution to the problem, we have already taken the first step in the right direction. 1．According to Paragraph 1, anger can _____. A．lead to justice B．keep us healthy C．help us tell right from wrong D．help us make things better 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．We are taught to control anger. B．Anger appears early in life. C．We shouldn’t get angry at work. D．Angry children should be punished. 3．The underlined word “suppresses” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____. A．holds in B．takes in C．expresses D．understands 4．Which of the following can help deal with anger? A．Excellent physical health. B．A talk with a close friend. C．Some exercises given by teachers. D．A good relationship with others. 5．What does the author think of anger? A．Anger shown by children is unacceptable. B．Anger leads to deadly mental and physical illnesses. C．Anger can be a healthy feeling and need be treated properly. D．Anger builds up relationships with our friends or workmates. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了愤怒是一种健康的情感，需要妥善对待。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. (在很多情况下，这是一种非常健康的感觉。愤怒可以使人们在生活中做出非常积极的改变。有时，我们必须对不公正、对错误的行为、甚至对大自然感到愤怒，然后才能做我们需要做的事情来纠正错误或使事情变得更好。)”可知，愤怒可以帮助我们使事情变得更好。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under contro1. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. (大多数人认为愤怒是一种必须加以控制的感情。孩子们有时会因为失控地表达愤怒而被送回房间或受到惩罚。当孩子生气时，父母告诉孩子要控制自己。我们可能会对朋友或在工作中生气，但我们知道表现出来是不对的。很小的时候，我们就知道愤怒是一种必须控制的东西。)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们，我们被教导要控制愤怒。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词前句“Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. (不受控制的愤怒会导致打架、车祸、与他人的不良关系、不可接受的社会行为以及许多其他问题。)”和后半句“he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. (他可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题。)”并结合表示转折意义的however可知，不受控制的愤怒会有负面影响，但压抑自己的愤怒可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题。所以划线词suppresses为“压制，压抑”之意。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. (一种解决方法是和我们信任的人谈论，例如，一个好朋友。)”可知，与亲密朋友的谈话可以帮助处理愤怒。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. (在很多情况下，这是一种非常健康的情感。愤怒可以使人们在生活中做出非常积极的改变)”和第三段“Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. (不受控制的愤怒会导致打架、车祸、与他人的不良关系、不可接受的社会行为以及许多其他问题。然而，许多专家表示，如果一个人压抑自己的愤怒，他可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题)”可推断，愤怒可以是一种健康的感觉，需要妥善对待。故选C。 4. （2022·广东）What would life be like without commas (逗号)? It would be quite confusing. Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. Add comma, and Dad becomes a partner at dinner: Let’s eat, Dad! The comma enables people to have a better understanding of the sentence. Here’s another example: Tom said Sarah stole the cake. Here, Sarah is the thief. But add a pair of commas, and Tom becomes the thief: Tom, said Sarah, stole the cake. The examples above clearly show that people cannot do without commas in writing. Yet, the comma came from oral speeches. Long ago, most people could not read. They listened to the news or stories told by the people who gave speeches. The comma began as something to mark the resting place in a sentence. When reading, the speakers knew where to stop and take a breath. In writing, commas are like shining red lights on the road. They require that you wait a moment before continuing. And don’t add a comma when you feel like it. There are rules that people shall not break. Learn them, and you won’t be eating anyone or making wrong changes. 1．Without commas, life would be________. A．frightening B．puzzling C．relaxing D．interesting 2．The author uses two examples in the passage to________. A．tell jokes to readers B．show the importance of using commas C．tell stories to readers D．show the difficulty of using commas 3．Commas were first used to________. A．indicate a long sentence B．rewrite an unclear sentence C．continue a sentence D．mark a break in a sentence 4．According to the last paragraph, we use commas by following________. A．our feelings B．our speeches C．certain rules D．some facts 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Commas Make Sentences Clear. B．Commas Make English Interesting. C．Commas Make Writing Easy. D．Commas Make Speeches Surprising. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了逗号在生活中是很重要的，如果没有逗号，将会造成理解上的错误，同时我们也应该要遵守使用逗号的一些规则，这样才会让我们所表达的东西更加清楚。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“What would life be like without commas (逗号)? It would be quite confusing. Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. (没有逗号的生活会是什么样子？这会相当令人困惑。以这个简单的句子为例：让我们吃爸爸！没有逗号，爸爸就变成了食物。)”可知，如果在生活中，我们讲话不使用逗号，那会造成误解，因此没有逗号的生活是令人困惑的。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. Add comma, and Dad becomes a partner at dinner: Let’s eat, Dad! The comma enables people to have a better understanding of the sentence.(以这个简单的句子为例：让我们吃爸爸！没有逗号，爸爸就变成了食物。加上逗号，爸爸就成了晚餐时的伙伴：我们吃吧，爸爸！逗号使人们对这个句子有更好的理解。)”以及第二段的“Here’s another example: Tom said Sarah stole the cake. Here, Sarah is the thief. But add a pair of commas, and Tom becomes the thief: Tom, said Sarah, stole the cake.(还有一个例子：汤姆说莎拉偷了蛋糕。在这里，莎拉是小偷。但是加上一对逗号，汤姆就成了小偷：汤姆，莎拉说，偷了蛋糕。)”可知，这两个例子告诉我们，加逗号和不加逗号，句子的含义是不一样的，而且还会造成误解，因此可知，有了逗号，人们才能更好地理解一句话。故作者在这举例是为了说明逗号的重要性。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Yet, the comma came from oral speeches. Long ago, most people could not read. They listened to the news or stories told by the people who gave speeches. The comma began as something to mark the resting place in a sentence. (然而，这个逗号来自口头演讲。很久以前，大多数人不识字。他们听演讲人讲述的新闻或故事。逗号开始是用来标记句子中停顿的位置的。)”可知，逗号一开始是在口头中使用，用来表示停顿。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“There are rules that people shall not break. Learn them, and you won’t be eating anyone or making wrong changes.(有些规则是人们不能违反的。学会它们，你就不会吃掉任何人或做出错误的改变。)”可知，逗号的使用是有相关的规则的，我们不能违反了这些规则，因此可知我们学习逗号要懂得遵守它的规则。故选C项。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“What would life be like without commas(逗号)? It would be quite confusing. Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. Add comma, and Dad becomes a partner at dinner: Let’s eat, Dad! The comma enables people to have a better understanding of the sentence.(没有逗号的生活会是什么样子？这会相当令人困惑。以这个简单的句子为例：让我们吃爸爸！没有逗号，爸爸就变成了食物。加上逗号，爸爸就成了晚餐时的伙伴：我们吃吧，爸爸！逗号使人们对这个句子有更好的理解。)”以及第三段的“The examples above clearly show that people cannot do without commas in writing.(上面的例子清楚地表明，人们在写作中离不开逗号。)”以及第四段的“Learn them, and you won’t be eating anyone or making wrong changes.(学会它们，你就不会吃掉任何人或做出错误的改变。)”可知，逗号在生活中是很重要的，它使得我们更好地理解人们所表达的东西，有了它，人们说的话就很清楚明了。因此可知，逗号使说的句子变得清楚明确。故选A项。 5. （2021·广东）In many families today, both the mother and the father have jobs outside the home. This can make it difficult to take care of the children. To help, some companies are changing the work rules. These companies are trying to be more family-friendly. What are companies doing to become family-friendly? Many companies are allowing their employees (雇员) to work flexible (灵活的) hours. With flexible hours, people can work full time, but they don’t have to work to a nine-to-five schedule. Some employees choose to come early and leave early. Some employees choose to work ten hours one day and six hours the next. Most companies say that flexible hours increase productivity. In the United States, about one-third of full-time employees have flexible work schedules. Family-friendly companies also allow two employees to share one job. Each employee does half the job and gets half the salary. In the United States, 27% of the companies offer some kind of job sharing. Many family-friendly companies also give paid leave to both parents when a baby is born. In many countries, employers have to give female workers time off before and after the birth of a child. In the United States, for example, female employees get 12 weeks of unpaid time off. New mothers can stay at home, but they don t get their salary. In some countries, employers have to give all workers paid leave for the birth of their child. In Finland, for example, both male and female employees get paid leave. Women get 105 days of paid leave and men get 42. The way people work is changing. For many people, that is a good thing. 1．Some companies make some changes in their work rules to ________. A．enable parents to take care of their children B．give parents more time to relax C．provide parents with more job opportunities D．allow parents to work at home 2．According to Paragraph 2, employees in family-friendly companies ________. A．can arrange their work time themselves B．can work with their babies around C．must work from nine to five D．must share jobs with others 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Employers become busier with flexible hours. B．Employers have enough time to look after their children. C．Employees can get job-sharing opportunities in some American companies. D．Employees can have three months’ paid leave in some American companies. 4．In some countries, paid leave is given to both parents when ________. A．they have physical problems B．they have a new baby C．they do a good job D．they do extra work 5．This passage is mainly about ________. A．companies’ work rules about getting leave B．ways of job sharing in some companies C．job opportunities for female employees D．some companies’ family-friendly rules 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍“家庭友好”型公司制定了那些政策以便让父母能照顾孩子。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“In many families today, both the mother and the father have jobs outside the home. This can make it difficult to take care of the children. To help, some companies are changing the work rules. (在今天的许多家庭中，母亲和父亲都在外工作。这可能会使照顾孩子变得困难。为了提供帮助，一些公司正在改变工作规则)”可知，一些公司改变工作规则是为了让父母可以照顾孩子。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“With flexible hours, people can work full time, but they don’t have to work to a nine-to-five schedule. Some employees choose to come early and leave early. Some employees choose to work ten hours one day and six hours the next. (灵活的工作时间，人们可以全职工作，但他们不必工作到朝九晚五。有些员工选择早来早走。有些员工选择一天工作10小时，第二天工作6小时)”可知，在“家庭友好”型公司，员工可以自己安排工作时间。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段的“In the United States, 27% of the companies offer some kind of job sharing.(在美国，27%的公司提供某种形式的工作分享)”可知，在一些美国公司员工有“工作分享”的机会。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Many family-friendly companies also give paid leave to both parents when a baby is born. (许多家庭友好型公司也在婴儿出生时给予父母双方带薪休假)”可知，在一些国家当婴儿出生时，父母双方都可以获得带薪休假。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段的“What are companies doing to become family-friendly? Many companies are allowing their employees (雇员) to work flexible (灵活的) hours.(公司正在做什么来变得对家庭友好?许多公司允许他们的员工弹性工作时间)”，第三段的“Family-friendly companies also allow two employees to share one job.(家庭友好型公司也允许两名员工分担一份工作)”，和第四段的“Many family-friendly companies also give paid leave to both parents when a baby is born.(许多家庭友好型公司也在婴儿出生时给予父母双方带薪休假)”可知，本文主要介绍“家庭友好”型公司制定了那些政策以便让父母能照顾孩子。故选D。 6. （2021·广东）Modern inventions have greatly increased people’s love of speed. Motor cars cover a hundred miles in a little more than one hour, aircraft cross the world within a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year we produce motor cars which go even faster and each new computer is said to save precious seconds in handling tasks. All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet lag (时差反应): our bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Again, spending too much time in front of computers results in eye pain or finger pain. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists. Too much use may do harm to our brains, a bad result we do not like to think about. What do we do with the time we have saved then? Certainly not relax. We are so used to constant (连续不断的) activities that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world. Modern inventions have brought us great benefits, but at the same time, we have lost a lot of fun as human beings. There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the farming of the land or the care of cattle. Their lives went on at a much slower speed, and in a  familiar pattern. We might admire a way of life like this, yet such a lifestyle will be just a dream for us nowadays. Modern technology has changed everything. 1．The underlined word lightning in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________. A．fast B．unexpected C．possible D．exciting 2．According to Paragraph 2, we save time at the price of our ________. A．happiness B．health C．wealth D．safety 3．According to the passage, modern inventions make life ________. A．happier and more relaxing B．faster and less enjoyable C．simpler and less comfortable D．slower and healthier 4．The last paragraph suggests that ________. A．life in the future will be better B．we should do more physical work C．we cannot enjoy modern life D．our life cannot be what it used to be 5．Which section of the newspaper is the passage probably from? A．Business. B．Education. C．Sports. D．Life. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述现代科技改变了人们的生活，在带来便利的同时也带来了一些负面影响。 1．词句猜测题。根据上文“Modern inventions have greatly increased people’s love of speed. Motor cars cover a hundred miles in a little more than one hour, aircraft cross the world within a day(现代发明大大增加了人们对速度的热爱。汽车在一个小时多一点的时间内行驶一百英里，飞机在一天内飞越世界)”可知，上文提到了人们对速度的热爱，以及汽车和飞机的高速运行，由此可知，划线句子意为“电脑飞快地运行”，即lighting意为“快速的”，与fast同义。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet lag (时差反应): our bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Again, spending too much time in front of computers results in eye pain or finger pain. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists. Too much use may do harm to our brains, a bad result we do not like to think about.(当我们乘坐飞机在世界各地飞驰时少了或多了半天时间，我们的身体会告诉我们。我们会有一种被称为时差的不舒服的感觉:我们的身体感觉自己被遗忘在了另一个时区。同样，花太多时间在电脑前会导致眼睛疼痛或手指疼痛。一些科学家表示，手机也有其危险。过度使用可能会对我们的大脑造成伤害，这是一个我们不愿去想的坏结果)”可知，我们节约时间的代价是健康。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Modern inventions have brought us great benefits, but at the same time, we have lost a lot of fun as human beings.(现代发明给我们带来了巨大的利益，但与此同时，我们失去了很多作为人类的乐趣)”可知，现代发明让生活更快，但没有那么有趣了。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the farming of the land or the care of cattle. Their lives went on at a much slower speed, and in a   familiar pattern. We might admire a way of life like this, yet such a lifestyle will be just a dream for us nowadays. Modern technology has changed everything.(曾经有一段时间，一些人的生活仅仅是耕种土地或照顾牛。他们的生活以一种缓慢得多的速度，以一种熟悉的模式继续着。我们可能会羡慕这样的生活方式，但这样的生活方式对我们来说只是一个梦想。现代科技改变了一切)”可知，我们的生活不可能像从前一样了，因为现代科技改变了一切。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述现代科技改变了人们的生活，在带来便利的同时也带来了一些负面影响。由此推知，本文最后可能出现在报纸的“生活”版块。故选D。 7. （2020·广东）Our culture is the system we use to build our identity. All living things are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture! So what is culture? It's the way we behave in a group. It begins with each individual (单个的) family. Within our families we do things to build relationships with each other. This can include routines like daily housework and weekly shopping. It also includes traditions. Traditions are activities that are repeated on a regular basis. Culture is not limited to individual family groups. The real strength of culture is in larger community groups. These larger groups are called societies. Every society makes rules for itself. It decides how people should act in different situations. Some of these rules are written down. Some are just things that are naturally expected of all members of that society. Often, cultures can be recognized by what the people believe. Cultures are also known by what they choose to include in their art. Sometimes cultures may be formed by people who speak the same language. Cultures may also be known for their customs, including the foods they make and the things they do. Our cultures help us understand who we are and what we believe. There are very strong feelings connecting us to our own society. Two different cultures may disagree on something, especially if they both feel strongly about it. When that happens, war is a common result. People are learning better ways to communicate with each other. The more we communicate, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures. 1．The underlined word routines in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______. A．hobbies B．behaviors C．formal activities D．daily activities 2．Where does the real strength of culture? A．In arts. B．In societies. C．In families. D．In languages. 3．Which of the following may the author disagree with according to the passage? A．Culture doesn't exist in animals. B．Culture is the way we behave. C．Cultures may not agree with each other. D．Cultures help us understand ourselves. 4．How can people appreciate cultural differences? A．By building a wall. B．By preparing to fight. C．By communicating. D．By making friends. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．What Is Culture? B．What Is Society? C．What Is Tradition? D．What Is System? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化及其范畴。文化是人们在群体生活中表现出来的行为，所有的生物都是文化的一部分，甚至动物也有文化。 1．词义猜测题。根据划线词后的like daily housework and weekly shopping像每天的家务活和每周购物。由此可知，This can include routines like daily housework and weekly shopping.中的划线部分的意思是“日常活动”。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中The real strength of culture is in larger community groups. These larger groups are called societies.“文化的真正力量在于更大的社区群体。这些较大的群体被称为社会。”由此可知，文化的真正力量在社会。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中Often, cultures can be recognized by what the people believe.“通常，文化可以由人们的信仰来识别。” 和第四段中Our cultures help us understand who we are and what we believe. There are very strong feelings connecting us to our own society. Two different cultures may disagree on something, especially if they both feel strongly about it.“我们的文化帮助我们了解我们是谁，我们相信什么。我们与自己的社会有着非常强烈的联系。两种不同的文化可能会在某些事情上产生分歧，尤其是当他们都对此有强烈的感受时。”由此推知作者可能不同意A项Culture doesn't exist in animals.“动物中不存在文化。”故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段People are learning better ways to communicate with each other. The more we communicate, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures.“人们正在学习更好的交流方式。我们交流得越多，就越欣赏文化上的差异。”由此推知，人们通过交流来欣赏文化差异。故选C项。 5．标题判断题。根据第一段中Our culture is the system we use to build our identity. All living things are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture! So what is culture? It's the way we behave in a group.“我们的文化是我们用来建立自己身份的系统。所有的生物都是文化的一部分。甚至动物也有文化!那么什么是文化呢?这是我们在群体中的行为方式。”由此推知，这篇文章的最佳主题是A.项What Is Culture?“文化是什么？”。故选A项。 8. （2019·广东）Nowadays, many of us spend about 10 hours a day in front of a Computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. The result is that our Brain easily feels tired. We need to give the brain a rest, but how? David Strayer is a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs. His argument finds strong support from Carl and Kate, two experienced campers. Carl, who works for a mobile phone company, says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed. It also prepares him for the work he must do. "Camping gives us a chance to be in touch with nature and it's very relaxing. When you return to work on Monday, you're in a better state of mind. I really like the way I feel on Monday. Kate is a senior editor. She says camping brings her some peace she couldn't have otherwise. She even finds herself more creative. David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus. When people go camping, they need to learn about animals and natural environments; they have to deal with the weather, learn to stay dry in the rain or warm in the snow and have to keep the feet in good condition when hiking and walking. Some might say that taking a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or in a city park is wonderful, too. But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways. And it brings more health benefit as well. 1．What is the result of using electronic devices too much? A．We will waste time. B．Our brain will feel tired. C．Our study will be influenced. D．Our brain will be refreshed. 2．How does Carl feel after camping? A．Warm B．Calm C．Relaxed D．Peaceful 3．Why does the author take Carl and Kate as examples? A．To share a good camping site. B．To share their work experiences. C．To show their interest in camping. D．To show advantages of camping 4．Which of the following is the benefit of camping? A．It helps protect the environment. B．It helps us learn more about nature. C．It teaches us to keep warm in the rain. D．It teaches us to avoid difficult situations. 5．What is the author’s attitude towards camping? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Uninterested. D．Doubtful. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。过度使用电子设备的后果是我们的大脑会感到疲劳。作者通过卡尔和凯特为例展示了露营的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中The result is that our Brain easily feels tired.可知，过度使用电子设备的后果是我们的大脑会感到疲劳。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed.可知，露营后卡尔感到放松。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs. His argument finds strong support from Carl and Kate, two experienced campers.可知，作者之所以以卡尔和凯特为例主要是为了展示露营的好处。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus.可知，露营的好处是它帮助我们更多地了解自然。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段Some might say that taking a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or in a city park is wonderful, too. But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways. And it brings more health benefit as well.可知，作者对露营的态度是“积极的”。故选A。 【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第4小题，根据第三段第一句David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus.可知，露营的好处是它帮助我们更多地了解自然。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$