精品解析：天津市红桥区复兴中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷 （试卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟） 第Ⅰ卷（共85分） 注意事项： 1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is Alice worried about? A. An upcoming lecture. B. The students' behavior. C. A traditional custom. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. At home. C. In a supermarket. 3. How do the speakers feel now? A. Surprised: B. Happy. C. Annoyed. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Baking cakes. B. Preparing for a party. C. Making a shopping list. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Peter's holiday. B. Peter's trip plan. C. Peter's cousins. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 Why did Tom come home late? A. He lost track of the time. B. He missed the last bus. C. He finished school late. 7. What does Tom say about the singer? A. He needs some money. B. He just wants to be appreciated. C. He's good at singing classical songs. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did David ask his colleagues to do? A. Attend the afternoon meeting. B. Arrive at the restaurant by 7: 00. C. Leave early to avoid busy traffic. 9. Why is the man unable to ensure his arrival time? A. He has to pick up Mr. Smith. B. He has to prepare for a meeting. C. He has to deliver some packages. 10. What does Monica suggest the man do? A. Give David a call. B. Ski p the gathering. C. Take public transportation. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How often does the woman walk to work? A. Two days a week. B. Three days a week. C. Four days a week. 12. What does the woman dislike about shared bikes? A. The speed. B. The expense. C. The parking situation. 13 Where will the man go next? A. His office. B. His home. C. The subway station. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至16题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Former- neighbors. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 15. Why does the man feel upset about the interview on campus? A. He didn't attend it. B. He found it meaningless. C. He hasn't received any notice. 16. What advice does Jenny give to the man about interviews? A. Providing satisfactory answers. B. Arriving at the company on time. C. Doing research on the company beforehand. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which group do the listeners belong to? A. The first one. B. The second one. C. The third one. 18. What product is the store selling now? A. Home electronics. B. Outdoor furniture. C. Indoor furniture. 19. When did the speaker become the store manager? A. One year ago. B. Four years ago. C. Ten years ago. 20. Who is the speaker talking to? A. The employees. B. The customers. C. The partners. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. You had better take down all the key points____________ they are still fresh in your memory. A. unless B. before C. until D. while 2. I walked silently, so my mother would not hear me ________. A. approach B. park C. survive D. disagree 3. Don’t worry! I will try my best and won’t let you ________. A. down B. off C. alone D. out 4. I first read the fashion magazine over a decade ago and _________ to it since. A. subscribed B. had subscribed C. have subscribed D. was subscribing 5. The exhibition tells us _____we should do something to stop air pollution. A. where B. why C. what D. which 6. As far as I am concerned, this idea is well worth________. A. to be considered B. considered C. being considered D. considering 7. —I just can’t stop worrying about the school results of the midterm examination. —________. There is nothing you can do now but study hard; keep calm and do your best. A. Relax B. Go ahead C. Go for it D. Good luck 8. Actually, girls can be _________ they want to be just like boys, whether it is a soldier, a scientist, or an official. A. no matter what B. however C. whatever D. whoever 9. If they continue abusing drugs, in the end drug users will find themselves trapped in a prison ________ they cannot escape. A. to which B. from which C. by which D. in which 10. ______ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it. A If only B. In that C. Although D. In case 11. In the past decades, some number plates _______ extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. A. had become B. have become C. has become D. became 12. We should improve our ability to engage in international communication to tell the stories of China well and make the voice of China________globally. A. hearing B. to hear C. having heard D. heard 13. Her enthusiasm and________to the students over the past seven years has brought the school to the leading position in many areas. A. judgement B. commitment C. competition D. evolution 14. During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it________have been a huge project to build it in ancient times. A. should B. must C. would D. need 15. —I’m sorry I didn’t make it to your party last night. —________, I know you’re busy these days. A. Of course B. No kidding C. That’s all right D. All right 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35 各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Percival Lugue is a graphic artist in the Philippines. From the age of 5, he has had a ___16___ for collecting toys from fast-food restaurant chains like McDonald's and home-country favorite Jollibee. Now, the 50-year-old has about 20,000 toys packed from ___17___ to ceiling in his home and ___18___ a Guinness World Record from 2014, when his collection ___19___ more than 10,000 items. "The toy is like a storyteller in itself," said Lugue, explaining his ___20___ while sitting among an eclectic (兼收并蓄的) ___21___ of toys in his three-storey home. "For example, it gives me a glimpse of that ___22___ period when I got it, the story of what's going on, what are the incidents that are ___23___ in the acquisition," he said. Lugue built his home especially to ___24___ his collection. He compares the ___25___ that getting new toys gives him to Christmas morning. He has always played with the ___26___. But unlike the other kids, who would ___27___ their toys into pieces, even as a child, he took ___28___ care of them and put them on display. While ___29___ purchases brought him most of his toys, some were ___30___ by friends and family. "I would invite my friends to have lunch at McDonald's... and in one sitting I would be able to complete the ___31___ set," he said. One of his most ___32___ pieces is a "Hetty Spaghetti" figurine, a mascot from the Jollibee chain that his mother gave him in 1988. His dream now is to ___33___ put his collection on display for the ___34___ or even open a museum to "give others a chance to ___35___ their own childhood memories." 16. A. potential B. passion C. mission D. quality 17. A. bedroom B. garden C. floor D. kitchen 18. A. holds B. ruins C. provides D. collects 19. A. filled B. reached C. allowed D. expected 20. A. courage B. chain C. choice D. hobby 21 A. sight B. mix C. decade D. smell 22. A. particular B. fragrant C. fragile D. curious 23. A. delivered B. stuck C. fastened D. attached 24. A. ship B. blanket C. house D. film 25. A. excitement B. depression C. suspect D. frustration 26. A. kids B. presents C. toys D. friends 27. A. set up B. tear up C. use up D. build up 28. A. casual B. good C. slight D. little 29. A. personal B. private C. secret D. legal 30. A. lent B. devoted C. cooperated D. donated 31. A. enough B. only C. all D. whole 32. A. shared B. treasured C. wasted D. sacred 33. A. eventually B. constantly C. immediately D. naturally 34. A. country B. family C. restaurant D. public 35 A. melt B. weaken C. revisit D. spill 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Are you struggling to be yourself at work? Tired of being behind schedule? Here are some important work tips that you can follow to improve your productivity. Focusing on One Task Some people have the habit of multitasking, which is great, but it might distract you from the bigger picture. Multitasking might help you with different tasks. You might also feel like the jack of all trades (万事通) but your productivity won’t increase in the long run. Focus on one task at a time and this will allow you to complete that task with high standards. When the task is done, you can move on to the next one. Setting Small but Effective Goals You will be given large and challenging tasks at work and what matters is how you deal with them. Stress might be the normal response here but you can also play it smart. You can break any large task into small but manageable tasks, which will help you stay productive and will also make the best of time. Think of it like building blocks and you will have to focus on one small task at a time but the end result will be fascinating. Setting Self-Imposed (自己强加的) Deadlines Setting self-imposed deadlines can actually help you be more productive at work Stress is a bad thing, but self-imposed stress can actually help us focus and be better. You can do really well with open-ended tasks or projects once you give yourself a deadline. Stick to that deadline and you will be surprised by the miracles that you can perform at work. Trying Following the “Two-Minute” Rule Steve Olenski is one of the finest entrepreneurs to date and he has given wonderful advice in the shape of the “Two-Minute” Rule. The “Two-Minute” Rule is basically about making the best out of small windows at work. Olenski tells us that if there is a task at work, and you can do it in 2 minutes, then you do it immediately. When you complete that small task, you don’t actually have to waste more time getting back to it, which also increases your productivity. 36. By focusing on one task, you may________. A. feel like the jack of all trades B. finish that task with high standards C. distract yourself from the bigger picture D. reduce your work efficiency 37. What is the author’s suggestion for handling difficult tasks? A. Respond to them tensely. B. Make a plan in advance. C. Break them into manageable ones. D. Focus on the results all the time. 38. You can do well with open-ended tasks or projects if you________. A. learn to take a break B. perform miracles at work C. impose a deadline on yourself D. compare them to building blocks 39. What is TRUE about the “Two-Minute” Rule? A. It involves doing a small task without delay. B. It applies to all kinds of tasks. C. It is criticized by Steve Olenski. D. It requires getting back to tasks. 40. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To share his work experience with the reader. B. To point out the importance of time management. C. To introduce the ways of achieving goals. D. To offer tips on enhancing productivity. B Martin was returning to work in his London office after spending two weeks with his brother in New York. He was coming back with a heavy heart. It was not just that it was the end of a wonderful holiday; it was not just that he invariably suffered badly from jet lag(时差); it was that Monday morning always began with a team meeting and , over the months, he had grown to hate them. Martin was aware that colleagues approached these meetings with hidden agenda（会议议 程）; they indulged in(沉溺于）game playing ; and he knew that people were not being honest and open. The meetings themselves were bad enough---there was all the moaning afterwards at the meeting like “I could have improved on that idea, but I wasn’t going to say.” As this morning’s meeting began, Martin prepared himself for the usual dullness and boredom. But, as the meeting progressed, he became aware of a strange background noise. At first, he thought that he was still hearing the engine noise from the aircraft that had brought him back to London. But as he concentrated on the noise, it became a little clearer. He realized, to his amazement, that he could actually hear what they were thinking at the same time as they were speaking. What surprised him, even more than the acquisition of this strange power, was that he discovered that what people were saying was not really what they were thinking. They were not making clear their reservations. They were not supporting views which they thought might be popular. They were not contributing their new insights. They were not volunteering their new ideas. Martin found it impossible not to respond to his new knowledge. So he started to make gentle interventions (干涉), based more on what he could hear his colleagues thinking than on what he could hear them saying. “So, John, are you really saying.....” “Susan, do you really think that?” “Tom, have you got an idea on how we could take this forward?” They looked at him, puzzled. In truth, he felt rather proud of his newly -acquired talent. As the meeting progressed, it was clear to him that each member of the meeting was learning how to hear the thoughts of the others. The game playing started to fall away; people started to speak more directly; views became better understood; the atmosphere became more open and trusting. The meeting ended. As people left the room, Martin found that he could still hear what they were thinking. “That was the best meeting we’ve ever had.” “All meetings should be like that,” “ In future, I’m going to say what I think.” 41. It is known from the first paragraph that Martin_____. A. just came back from his business trip in New York B. was found to suffer from a serious heart disease during the trip C. had a good time during his fortnight’s stay in New York D. didn’t like his work in his London office 42. Why did Martin hate his company’s team meeting? A. Because it had to be held every Monday morning. B. Because he was tired of hosting such a meeting C. Because he couldn’t control the meeting that was out of order. D. Because the meeting atmosphere wasn’t open and trusting. 43. The underlined part “his newly-acquired talent” in Paragraph 5 means that he could ______. A. still hear the engine noise of the plane though he was back B. clearly hear what the members of the meeting were saying C. actually control the thoughts of the members of the meeting D. express what the meeting members were thinking based on their words and their thoughts 44. What do we know about this Monday morning’s meeting from the passage? A. Martin made people say what they were thinking immediately the meeting began. B. Martin was angry at the dullness of the meeting at the beginning of the meeting.. C. Martin led people to express their real thoughts with the meeting progressing. D. Many members of the meeting played games and told lies at the meeting all the time. 45. It is inferred from the last two paragraphs that towards the end of the meeting Martin would hear such words as “_______” A. I was thinking of making a suggestion ---but I couldn’t be bothered. B. I have got an idea on how we could take this forward. I think we should... C. The usual people say the usual things, so I have no other new ideas. D. I could have imagined on that idea, but I wasn’t going to say. C The curb cut (下斜路缘). It’s a convenience that most of us rarely, if ever, notice. Yet, without it, daily life might be a lot harder—in more ways than one. Pushing a baby stroller onto the curb, skateboarding onto a sidewalk or taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to your car—all these tasks are easier because of the curb cut. But it was created with a different purpose in mind. It’s hard to imagine today, but back in the 1970s, most sidewalks in the United States ended with a sharp drop-off. That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps (斜坡) to help them move along city blocks without assistance. According to one disability rights leader, a six-inch curb “might as well have been Mount Everest”. So, activists from Berkeley, California, who also needed wheelchairs, organized a campaign to create tiny ramps at intersections to help people dependent on wheels move up and down curbs independently. I think about the “curb cut effect” a lot when working on issues around health equity (公平). The first time I even heard about the curb cut was in a 2017 Stanford Social Innovation Review piece by PolicyLink CEO Angela Blackwell. Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as “a zero-sum game (零和游戏)” and that it’s commonly believed there is a “prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another.” What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that “when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.” There are multiple examples of this principle at work. For example, investing in policies that create more living-wage jobs or increase the availability of affordable housing certainly benefits people in communities that have limited options. But, the action also empowers those people with opportunities for better health and the means to become contributing members of society—and that benefits everyone. Even the football huddle (密商) was initially created to help deaf football players at Gallaudet College keep their game plans secret from opponents who could have read their sign language. Today, it’s used by every team to prevent the opponent from learning about game-winning strategies. So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us. 46. What was the curb cut designed for at first? A. Riding a skateboard onto a sidewalk quickly. B. Pushing a baby stroller onto the curbs independently. C. Making it easy for wheelchairs to move up and down curbs. D. Taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to a customer’s car. 47. By “might as well have been Mount Everest” (paragraph 3), the disability rights leader implies that a six-inch curb may become . A. an unforgettable symbol B. an impassable barrier C. an important sign D. an impressive landmark 48. According to Angela Blackwell, many people believe that . A. it’s not worthwhile to promote health equity B. it’s necessary to go all out to help the disabled C. it’s impossible to have everyone treated equally D. it’s fair to give the disadvantaged more help than others 49. Which of the following examples best illustrates the “curb cut effect” principle? A. Spaceflight designs are applied to life on earth. B. Four great inventions of China spread to the west. C. Christopher Columbus discovered the new world. D. Classic literature got translated into many languages. 50. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? A. Caring for disadvantaged groups may finally benefit all. B. Action empowers those with opportunities for better solutions. C. Society should create circumstances that get everyone involved. D. Everyday items are originally invented for people in need of help. 第Ⅱ卷（共15分） 注意事项： 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题纸上。 第三部分：书面表达 （本题共15分。） 51. 假设你是某大学的学生李津。你学校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动。你欲参选。请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。 个人优势介绍（如性格、特长等）； 组织校内活动的设想（如举办讲座、英语晚会等）； 组织校际交流活动的设想（如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等）； 表达当选的愿望。 注意： 1. 词数不少于100； 2. 请勿提及真实学校名称； 3. 可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯； 4. 开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 副主席 vice president 竞选 run for Good afternoon, my dear friends. My name is Li Jin. ___________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷 （试卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟） 第Ⅰ卷（共85分） 注意事项： 1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is Alice worried about? A. An upcoming lecture. B. The students' behavior. C. A traditional custom. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. At home. C. In a supermarket. 3. How do the speakers feel now? A. Surprised: B. Happy. C. Annoyed. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Baking cakes. B. Preparing for a party. C. Making a shopping list. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Peter's holiday. B. Peter's trip plan. C. Peter's cousins. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did Tom come home late? A. He lost track of the time. B. He missed the last bus. C. He finished school late. 7. What does Tom say about the singer? A. He needs some money. B. He just wants to be appreciated. C. He's good at singing classical songs. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did David ask his colleagues to do? A. Attend the afternoon meeting. B. Arrive at the restaurant by 7: 00. C. Leave early to avoid busy traffic. 9. Why is the man unable to ensure his arrival time? A. He has to pick up Mr. Smith. B. He has to prepare for a meeting. C. He has to deliver some packages. 10. What does Monica suggest the man do? A. Give David a call. B. Ski p the gathering. C. Take public transportation. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How often does the woman walk to work? A. Two days a week. B. Three days a week. C. Four days a week. 12. What does the woman dislike about shared bikes? A. The speed. B. The expense. C. The parking situation. 13. Where will the man go next? A. His office. B. His home. C. The subway station. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至16题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Former- neighbors. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 15. Why does the man feel upset about the interview on campus? A. He didn't attend it. B. He found it meaningless. C. He hasn't received any notice. 16. What advice does Jenny give to the man about interviews? A. Providing satisfactory answers. B. Arriving at the company on time. C. Doing research on the company beforehand. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which group do the listeners belong to? A. The first one. B. The second one. C. The third one. 18. What product is the store selling now? A. Home electronics. B. Outdoor furniture. C. Indoor furniture. 19. When did the speaker become the store manager? A. One year ago. B. Four years ago. C. Ten years ago. 20. Who is the speaker talking to? A. The employees. B. The customers. C. The partners. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. You had better take down all the key points____________ they are still fresh in your memory. A. unless B. before C. until D. while 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：你最好趁所有的要点还记忆犹新的时候把它们记下来。A. unless除非；B. before在……之前；C. until直到；D. while当……的时候。由“they are still fresh in your memory”可知，句子表示“你最好趁所有的要点还记忆犹新的时候把它们记下来”，空格处意为“当……的时候”，故选D。 2. I walked silently, so my mother would not hear me ________. A. approach B. park C. survive D. disagree 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我悄悄地走着，这样妈妈就不会听到我靠近。A. approach靠近；B. park停车，泊车；C. survive幸存；D. disagree不同意。由“I walked silently”可知，句子表示“我悄悄地走着，这样妈妈就不会听到我靠近”，空格处意为“靠近”，故选A。 3. Don’t worry! I will try my best and won’t let you ________. A. down B. off C. alone D. out 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：别担心!我会尽力的，不会让你失望的。A.let sb. down使沮丧；使失望；B.let sb. off 使爆炸；C. let sb. alone别管，不要打扰某人；D. let sb. out让某人出去；出卖，泄露。前面在安慰对方，并表示会努力，由此可知，应该是努力让对方放心满意，不让对方失望或难过。故选A项。 4. I first read the fashion magazine over a decade ago and _________ to it since. A. subscribed B. had subscribed C. have subscribed D. was subscribing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：我第一次读这本时尚杂志是在十多年前，从那以后我就订阅了它。根据since可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词短语subscribe to意为“订阅”。故选C。 5. The exhibition tells us _____we should do something to stop air pollution. A. where B. why C. what D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个展览告诉我们为什么我们应该做一些事情来阻止空气污染。分析句子可知，本句为宾语从句，tell sb sth “ 告诉某人某事”， sth由句子来充当，从句中缺少表示原因的连接副词。故选择B。 6. As far as I am concerned, this idea is well worth________. A. to be considered B. considered C. being considered D. considering 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：就我而言，这个想法很值得考虑。分析句子结构可知，be worth doing sth.值得做某事，接动名词时，通常用主动形式表达被动含义。故选D项。 7. —I just can’t stop worrying about the school results of the midterm examination. —________. There is nothing you can do now but study hard; keep calm and do your best. A. Relax B. Go ahead C. Go for it D. Good luck 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我只是无法停止担心学校的期中考试成绩。——放轻松。除了努力学习，你什么也做不了；保持冷静，全力以赴。A. Relax放轻松；B. Go ahead去做吧；C. Go for it放手向前，努力争取；D. Good luck祝你好运。根据“keep calm and do your best.”可知，此处是劝对方放轻松。故选A。 8. Actually, girls can be _________ they want to be just like boys, whether it is a soldier, a scientist, or an official. A. no matter what B. however C. whatever D. whoever 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词。句意：事实上，女孩可以像男孩一样成为她们想成为的任何职业，无论是士兵、科学家还是官员。A. no matter what无论什么；B. however无论怎样；C. whatever无论什么；D. whoever无论谁。由语意可知，空处引导表语从句，表示“无论什么（职业）”之意，故应填whatever。故选C项。 9. If they continue abusing drugs, in the end drug users will find themselves trapped in a prison ________ they cannot escape. A. to which B. from which C. by which D. in which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果他们继续滥用毒品，最终吸毒者会发现自己被困在一个无法逃脱的监狱里。空处引导定语从句，escape from为固定短语，意为“从……逃跑”，此处将from前置，先行词prison，指物，在定语从句中作介词from的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故选B。 10. ______ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it. A. If only B. In that C. Although D. In case 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然这份工作需要花费大量的时间，但大多数学生都认为这份经历是值得的。A. If only如果……就好了；B. In that因为，由于；C. Although尽管；D. In case以防万一。根据句意可知，此处为连词Although表示“尽管，虽然”引导的让步状语从句，满足句意要求。故选C项。 11. In the past decades, some number plates _______ extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. A. had become B. have become C. has become D. became 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：过去的几十年里，一些车牌变得极其宝贵，特别是那些能拼出单词的车牌。In the past decades为时间状语，一般与现在完成时连用，主语some number plates是复数概念，谓语动词也用复数形式。故选B。 12. We should improve our ability to engage in international communication to tell the stories of China well and make the voice of China________globally. A. hearing B. to hear C. having heard D. heard 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，讲好中国故事，让全球听到中国的声音。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作宾语补足语。宾语the voice of China与hear是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故选D。 13. Her enthusiasm and________to the students over the past seven years has brought the school to the leading position in many areas. A. judgement B. commitment C. competition D. evolution 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的七年中，她对学生的热情和承诺使学校在许多领域处于领先地位。A. judgement判断；B. commitment献身，承诺；C. competition比赛；D. evolution进化。根据下文“to the students over the past seven years has brought the school to the leading position in many areas.”可知，此处表示对学生的承诺，固定搭配：commitment to“恪守承诺”。故选B。 14. During our trip to the Great Wall last week I couldn’t help but think it________have been a huge project to build it in ancient times. A. should B. must C. would D. need 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我不禁想，在古代修建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。A. should应该；B. must必须；C. would将；D. need需要。must have done“一定做过某事”表示对过去的事情的肯定性推测。根据“to build it in ancient times.”可知，古代建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。故选B。 15. —I’m sorry I didn’t make it to your party last night. —________, I know you’re busy these days. A. Of course B. No kidding C. That’s all right D. All right 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我很抱歉昨晚没去参加你的派对。——没关系。我知道你最近很忙。A.Of course当然；B.No kidding别开玩笑；C.That’s all right没关系；D.All right行。空格处是对前面I'm sorry的回答，对道歉的回答应是“没关系”，故选C。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35 各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Percival Lugue is a graphic artist in the Philippines. From the age of 5, he has had a ___16___ for collecting toys from fast-food restaurant chains like McDonald's and home-country favorite Jollibee. Now, the 50-year-old has about 20,000 toys packed from ___17___ to ceiling in his home and ___18___ a Guinness World Record from 2014, when his collection ___19___ more than 10,000 items. "The toy is like a storyteller in itself," said Lugue, explaining his ___20___ while sitting among an eclectic (兼收并蓄的) ___21___ of toys in his three-storey home. "For example, it gives me a glimpse of that ___22___ period when I got it, the story of what's going on, what are the incidents that are ___23___ in the acquisition," he said. Lugue built his home especially to ___24___ his collection. He compares the ___25___ that getting new toys gives him to Christmas morning. He has always played with the ___26___. But unlike the other kids, who would ___27___ their toys into pieces, even as a child, he took ___28___ care of them and put them on display. While ___29___ purchases brought him most of his toys, some were ___30___ by friends and family. "I would invite my friends to have lunch at McDonald's... and in one sitting I would be able to complete the ___31___ set," he said. One of his most ___32___ pieces is a "Hetty Spaghetti" figurine, a mascot from the Jollibee chain that his mother gave him in 1988. His dream now is to ___33___ put his collection on display for the ___34___ or even open a museum to "give others a chance to ___35___ their own childhood memories." 16. A. potential B. passion C. mission D. quality 17. A. bedroom B. garden C. floor D. kitchen 18. A. holds B. ruins C. provides D. collects 19. A. filled B. reached C. allowed D. expected 20. A. courage B. chain C. choice D. hobby 21. A. sight B. mix C. decade D. smell 22. A. particular B. fragrant C. fragile D. curious 23. A. delivered B. stuck C. fastened D. attached 24. A. ship B. blanket C. house D. film 25. A. excitement B. depression C. suspect D. frustration 26. A. kids B. presents C. toys D. friends 27. A. set up B. tear up C. use up D. build up 28. A. casual B. good C. slight D. little 29. A. personal B. private C. secret D. legal 30. A. lent B. devoted C. cooperated D. donated 31. A. enough B. only C. all D. whole 32. A. shared B. treasured C. wasted D. sacred 33. A. eventually B. constantly C. immediately D. naturally 34. A. country B. family C. restaurant D. public 35. A. melt B. weaken C. revisit D. spill 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了菲律宾一位50岁男子从小收集快餐店玩具打破吉尼斯记录的故事。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从5岁起，他就热衷于从麦当劳和家乡最受欢迎的欢乐蜂等快餐连锁店收集玩具。A. potential潜能；B. passion激情；C. mission任务；D. quality质量。根据后文“Now, the 50-year-old has about 20,000 toys”从他收集的玩具数量来看，他热衷于从麦当劳和家乡最受欢迎的欢乐蜂等快餐连锁店收集玩具。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，这位50岁的老人在家里有大约2万个玩具，从地板到天花板都挤满了，并保持着2014年的吉尼斯世界纪录，当时他的收藏品达到1万多件。A. bedroom卧室；B. garden花园；C. floor地板；D. kitchen厨房。根据后文“to ceiling”可知他收集的玩具从地板堆到了天花板的高度。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，这位50岁的老人在家里有大约2万个玩具，从地板到天花板都挤满了，并保持着2014年的吉尼斯世界纪录，当时他的收藏品达到1万多件。A. holds持有；B. ruins毁灭；C. provides提供；D. collects收集。根据后文“a Guinness World Record from 2014”可知他是2014年的吉尼斯世界纪录的保持者。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，这位50岁的老人在家里有大约2万个玩具，从地板到天花板都挤满了，并保持着2014年的吉尼斯世界纪录，当时他的收藏品达到1万多件。A. filled装满；B. reached到达；C. allowed允许；D. expected期待。根据后文“more than 10,000 items”可知他的收藏品达到1万多件。故选B。 20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这个玩具本身就像一个讲故事的人，”Lugue坐在他三层楼高的家里的各种各样的玩具中间，解释他的爱好时说。A. courage勇气；B. chain链条；C. choice选择；D. hobby爱好。根据上文“The toy is like a storyteller in itself”可知他在向别人解释自己收集玩具的爱好。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这个玩具本身就像一个讲故事的人，”Lugue坐在他三层楼高的家里的各种各样的玩具中间，解释他的爱好时说。A. sight视力；B. mix混杂的，混合体；C. decade十年；D. smell味道。根据后文“of toys in his three-storey home”可知他收藏了各式各样的玩具，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“比如，它让我看到了我得到它的那个特定时期，了解了正在发生的事情，以及收购中附带的事件。”A. particular特定的；B. fragrant芳香的；C. fragile脆弱的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“period when I got it”指想起得到玩具的特定时期，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“比如，它让我看到了我得到它的那个特定时期，了解了正在发生的事情，以及收购中附带的事件。”A. delivered递送；B. stuck粘；C. fastened固定；D. attached系上。根据上文“what are the incidents that are”可知，指玩具附属的事件，attached表示“附属”符合语境，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lugue建造了自己的家，专门收藏他的收藏品。A. ship运送；B. blanket覆盖；C. house房子，收藏；D. film录制。根据后文“his collection”可知建造了自己的家，专门收藏他的收藏品，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把得到新玩具的兴奋感比作圣诞节早晨。A. excitement激动；B. depression沮丧；C. suspect嫌疑犯；D. frustration懊恼。根据后文“that getting new toys gives him to Christmas morning”可知，他把获得新玩具的心情比作成像圣诞节早上（获得礼物）的感觉。所以心情应该是兴奋激动地。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他总是玩玩具。A. kids孩子；B. presents礼物；C. toys玩具；D. friends朋友。根据后文“their toys into pieces”可知指玩玩具。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但不像其他孩子，他们会把自己的玩具撕成碎片，甚至在小时候，他很好地照顾它们，并把它们展示出来。A. set up建立；B. tear up撕毁；C. use up用完；D. build up建立。根据后文“care of them and put them on display”可知他不像其他孩子，会把自己的玩具撕成碎片，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但不像其他孩子，他们会把自己的玩具撕成碎片，甚至在小时候，他很好地照顾它们，并把它们展示出来。A. casual随便的；B. good好的；C. slight轻微的；D. little很少的。根据后文“care of them and put them on display”指好好照顾自己的玩具，应用take good care of。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的大部分玩具都是自己买的，但也有一些是朋友和家人捐赠的。A. personal个人的；B. private私人的；C. secret秘密的；D. legal合法的。根据上文“purchases brought him most of his toys”指大部分玩具都是自己购买，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的大部分玩具都是自己买的，但也有一些是朋友和家人捐赠的。A. lent借给；B. devoted致力；C. cooperated合作；D. donated捐赠。根据后文“by friends and family”可知有些玩具是朋友和家人捐赠的。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我会邀请朋友去麦当劳吃午饭…… 我一次就能完成整套。”A. enough足够的；B. only唯一的；C. all完全；D. whole全部的。指收集完整套玩具，应用whole set“成套”。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最珍爱的展品之一是“Hetty Spaghetti”小雕像，这是他母亲1988年送给他的Jollibee连锁店的吉祥物。A. shared分享；B. treasured珍爱；C. wasted浪费；D. sacred害怕。根据后文可知这个雕像是母亲送的，是他最珍爱的展品之一。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他现在的梦想是最终将自己的收藏向公众展出，甚至开设一家博物馆，“让其他人有机会重温自己的童年记忆。”A. eventually终于，最终；B. constantly总是；C. immediately立即；D. naturally自然地。根据后文“put his collection on display”可知他现在的梦想是最终将自己的收藏向公众展出，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他现在的梦想是最终将自己的收藏向公众展出，甚至开设一家博物馆，“让其他人有机会重温自己的童年记忆。”A. country国家；B. family家庭；C. restaurant餐厅；D. public公众。结合上文“put his collection on display”以及“or even open a museum”可知指向公众展出，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他现在的梦想是最终将自己的收藏向公众展出，甚至开设一家博物馆，“让其他人有机会重温自己的童年记忆。”A. melt融化；B. weaken削弱；C. revisit重温，再游；D. spill溢出。根据后文“their own childhood memories”可知让其他人有机会重温自己的童年回忆。故选C。 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Are you struggling to be yourself at work? Tired of being behind schedule? Here are some important work tips that you can follow to improve your productivity. Focusing on One Task Some people have the habit of multitasking, which is great, but it might distract you from the bigger picture. Multitasking might help you with different tasks. You might also feel like the jack of all trades (万事通) but your productivity won’t increase in the long run. Focus on one task at a time and this will allow you to complete that task with high standards. When the task is done, you can move on to the next one. Setting Small but Effective Goals You will be given large and challenging tasks at work and what matters is how you deal with them. Stress might be the normal response here but you can also play it smart. You can break any large task into small but manageable tasks, which will help you stay productive and will also make the best of time. Think of it like building blocks and you will have to focus on one small task at a time but the end result will be fascinating. Setting Self-Imposed (自己强加的) Deadlines Setting self-imposed deadlines can actually help you be more productive at work Stress is a bad thing, but self-imposed stress can actually help us focus and be better. You can do really well with open-ended tasks or projects once you give yourself a deadline. Stick to that deadline and you will be surprised by the miracles that you can perform at work. Trying Following the “Two-Minute” Rule Steve Olenski is one of the finest entrepreneurs to date and he has given wonderful advice in the shape of the “Two-Minute” Rule. The “Two-Minute” Rule is basically about making the best out of small windows at work. Olenski tells us that if there is a task at work, and you can do it in 2 minutes, then you do it immediately. When you complete that small task, you don’t actually have to waste more time getting back to it, which also increases your productivity. 36. By focusing on one task, you may________. A. feel like the jack of all trades B. finish that task with high standards C. distract yourself from the bigger picture D. reduce your work efficiency 37. What is the author’s suggestion for handling difficult tasks? A. Respond to them tensely. B. Make a plan in advance. C. Break them into manageable ones. D. Focus on the results all the time. 38. You can do well with open-ended tasks or projects if you________. A. learn to take a break B. perform miracles at work C. impose a deadline on yourself D. compare them to building blocks 39. What is TRUE about the “Two-Minute” Rule? A. It involves doing a small task without delay. B. It applies to all kinds of tasks. C. It is criticized by Steve Olenski. D. It requires getting back to tasks. 40. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To share his work experience with the reader. B. To point out the importance of time management. C. To introduce the ways of achieving goals. D. To offer tips on enhancing productivity. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. C 39. A 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些提高工作效率的建议。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Focus on one task at a time and this will allow you to complete that task with high standards.(一次专注于一个任务，这将使你能够以高标准完成这项任务)”可知，通过专注于一项任务，你可以高标准地完成这项任务。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“You will be given large and challenging tasks at work and what matters is how you deal with them. Stress might be the normal response here but you can also play it smart. You can break any large task into small but manageable tasks, which will help you stay productive and will also make the best of time.(在工作中，你会被赋予巨大而富有挑战性的任务，重要的是你如何处理它们。压力可能是正常的反应，但你也可以聪明地处理它。你可以把任何大的任务分解成小的但易于管理的任务，这将帮助你保持效率，也将充分利用时间)”可知，对于处理困难的任务，作者建议把它们分成可管理的部分。故选C。 38题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“You can do really well with open-ended tasks or projects once you give yourself a deadline.(一旦你给自己一个截止日期，你就可以很好地完成开放式的任务或项目)”可知，如果你给自己设定了最后期限，你可以很好地完成开放式的任务或项目。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Olenski tells us that if there is a task at work, and you can do it in 2 minutes, then you do it immediately. When you complete that small task, you don’t actually have to waste more time getting back to it, which also increases your productivity.(奥兰斯基告诉我们，如果工作中有一项任务，你可以在两分钟内完成，那么你就立即去做。当你完成了这个小任务，你就不必再浪费时间去做它了，这也提高了你的效率)”可知，A选项“它包括毫不拖延地完成一项小任务”正确。故选A。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Are you struggling to be yourself at work? Tired of being behind schedule? Here are some important work tips that you can follow to improve your productivity.(你在工作中挣扎着做自己吗？厌倦了落后于计划？这里有一些重要的工作建议，你可以遵循，以提高你的工作效率)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提供提高生产力的建议。故选D。 B Martin was returning to work in his London office after spending two weeks with his brother in New York. He was coming back with a heavy heart. It was not just that it was the end of a wonderful holiday; it was not just that he invariably suffered badly from jet lag(时差); it was that Monday morning always began with a team meeting and , over the months, he had grown to hate them. Martin was aware that colleagues approached these meetings with hidden agenda（会议议 程）; they indulged in(沉溺于）game playing ; and he knew that people were not being honest and open. The meetings themselves were bad enough---there was all the moaning afterwards at the meeting like “I could have improved on that idea, but I wasn’t going to say.” As this morning’s meeting began, Martin prepared himself for the usual dullness and boredom. But, as the meeting progressed, he became aware of a strange background noise. At first, he thought that he was still hearing the engine noise from the aircraft that had brought him back to London. But as he concentrated on the noise, it became a little clearer. He realized, to his amazement, that he could actually hear what they were thinking at the same time as they were speaking. What surprised him, even more than the acquisition of this strange power, was that he discovered that what people were saying was not really what they were thinking. They were not making clear their reservations. They were not supporting views which they thought might be popular. They were not contributing their new insights. They were not volunteering their new ideas. Martin found it impossible not to respond to his new knowledge. So he started to make gentle interventions (干涉), based more on what he could hear his colleagues thinking than on what he could hear them saying. “So, John, are you really saying.....” “Susan, do you really think that?” “Tom, have you got an idea on how we could take this forward?” They looked at him, puzzled. In truth, he felt rather proud of his newly -acquired talent. As the meeting progressed, it was clear to him that each member of the meeting was learning how to hear the thoughts of the others. The game playing started to fall away; people started to speak more directly; views became better understood; the atmosphere became more open and trusting. The meeting ended. As people left the room, Martin found that he could still hear what they were thinking. “That was the best meeting we’ve ever had.” “All meetings should be like that,” “ In future, I’m going to say what I think.” 41. It is known from the first paragraph that Martin_____. A. just came back from his business trip in New York B. was found to suffer from a serious heart disease during the trip C. had a good time during his fortnight’s stay in New York D. didn’t like his work in his London office 42. Why did Martin hate his company’s team meeting? A. Because it had to be held every Monday morning. B. Because he was tired of hosting such a meeting C. Because he couldn’t control the meeting that was out of order. D. Because the meeting atmosphere wasn’t open and trusting. 43. The underlined part “his newly-acquired talent” in Paragraph 5 means that he could ______. A. still hear the engine noise of the plane though he was back B. clearly hear what the members of the meeting were saying C. actually control the thoughts of the members of the meeting D. express what the meeting members were thinking based on their words and their thoughts 44. What do we know about this Monday morning’s meeting from the passage? A. Martin made people say what they were thinking immediately the meeting began. B. Martin was angry at the dullness of the meeting at the beginning of the meeting.. C. Martin led people to express their real thoughts with the meeting progressing. D. Many members of the meeting played games and told lies at the meeting all the time. 45. It is inferred from the last two paragraphs that towards the end of the meeting Martin would hear such words as “_______” A. I was thinking of making a suggestion ---but I couldn’t be bothered. B. I have got an idea on how we could take this forward. I think we should... C. The usual people say the usual things, so I have no other new ideas. D. I could have imagined on that idea, but I wasn’t going to say. 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲叙了马丁在纽约度假回来之后就拥有了能听见同事心声的能力，并用这种能力让原本星期一早上枯燥无味的开会变得开放和互相信任起来。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段前三句“Martin was returning to work in his London office after spending two weeks with his brother in New York. He was coming back with a heavy heart. It was not just that it was the end of a wonderful holiday;（马丁和他哥哥在纽约呆了两周后回到伦敦办公室工作。他怀着沉重的心情回来了。这不仅仅是一个美好假期的结束）”可知，马丁在纽约的两周假期是愉快的。故选C项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Martin was aware that colleagues approached these meetings with hidden agenda（会议议 程）; they indulged in(沉溺于）game playing ; and he knew that people were not being honest and open.（马丁意识到同事们在参加这些会议时都有隐藏的议程；他们沉迷于游戏；他知道人们并不诚实和开放。）”可知，马丁不喜欢周一早上的会议是因为会议上人们并不开放和互相信任。故选D项。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段的第二句“So he started to make gentle interventions (干涉), based more on what he could hear his colleagues thinking than on what he could hear them saying.（因此，他开始进行温和的干预，更多地基于他听到同事们在想什么，而不是他听到他们在说什么。）”和最后一句“In truth, he felt rather proud of his newly -acquired talent.（事实上，他为自己新获得的天赋感到相当自豪。）”可知，由于马丁能听到同事们真正的想法，他对同事们的发言进行追问，让他们能够表达出自己真实的想法，这让马丁感到很自豪，故选D项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“As the meeting progressed, it was clear to him that each member of the meeting was learning how to hear the thoughts of the others. The game playing started to fall away; people started to speak more directly; views became better understood; the atmosphere became more open and trusting.（随着会议的进行，他清楚地发现，会议的每个成员都在学习如何倾听其他人的想法。玩游戏的兴致开始减弱;人们开始更直接地说话;观点得到了更好的理解;气氛变得更加开放和信任。）”可知，由于马丁的干涉，会议上人们开始更加直接地表达自己的想法。故选C项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“As the meeting progressed, it was clear to him that each member of the meeting was learning how to hear the thoughts of the others. The game playing started to fall away; people started to speak more directly; views became better understood; the atmosphere became more open and trusting.（随着会议的进行，他清楚地发现，会议的每个成员都在学习如何倾听其他人的想法。玩游戏的兴致开始减弱：人们开始更直接地说话;观点得到了更好的理解；气氛变得更加开放和信任。）”和第七段“The meeting ended. As people left the room, Martin found that he could still hear what they were thinking. “That was the best meeting we’ve ever had.” “All meetings should be like that,” “ In future, I’m going to say what I think.”（ 会议结束了。当人们离开房间时，马丁发现他还能听到他们在想什么。“这是我们有过的最好的一次会面。“所有的会议都应该这样。”“以后，我想什么就说什么。”）”可知，在会议上人们更加直接地表达了自己的想法，因此马丁可能会听到：我对我们如何推进这一点有了想法。我想我们应该……，故选B项。 C The curb cut (下斜路缘). It’s a convenience that most of us rarely, if ever, notice. Yet, without it, daily life might be a lot harder—in more ways than one. Pushing a baby stroller onto the curb, skateboarding onto a sidewalk or taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to your car—all these tasks are easier because of the curb cut. But it was created with a different purpose in mind. It’s hard to imagine today, but back in the 1970s, most sidewalks in the United States ended with a sharp drop-off. That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps (斜坡) to help them move along city blocks without assistance. According to one disability rights leader, a six-inch curb “might as well have been Mount Everest”. So, activists from Berkeley, California, who also needed wheelchairs, organized a campaign to create tiny ramps at intersections to help people dependent on wheels move up and down curbs independently. I think about the “curb cut effect” a lot when working on issues around health equity (公平). The first time I even heard about the curb cut was in a 2017 Stanford Social Innovation Review piece by PolicyLink CEO Angela Blackwell. Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as “a zero-sum game (零和游戏)” and that it’s commonly believed there is a “prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another.” What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that “when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.” There are multiple examples of this principle at work. For example, investing in policies that create more living-wage jobs or increase the availability of affordable housing certainly benefits people in communities that have limited options. But, the action also empowers those people with opportunities for better health and the means to become contributing members of society—and that benefits everyone. Even the football huddle (密商) was initially created to help deaf football players at Gallaudet College keep their game plans secret from opponents who could have read their sign language. Today, it’s used by every team to prevent the opponent from learning about game-winning strategies. So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us. 46. What was the curb cut designed for at first? A. Riding a skateboard onto a sidewalk quickly. B. Pushing a baby stroller onto the curbs independently. C. Making it easy for wheelchairs to move up and down curbs. D. Taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to a customer’s car. 47. By “might as well have been Mount Everest” (paragraph 3), the disability rights leader implies that a six-inch curb may become . A. an unforgettable symbol B. an impassable barrier C. an important sign D. an impressive landmark 48. According to Angela Blackwell, many people believe that . A. it’s not worthwhile to promote health equity B. it’s necessary to go all out to help the disabled C. it’s impossible to have everyone treated equally D. it’s fair to give the disadvantaged more help than others 49. Which of the following examples best illustrates the “curb cut effect” principle? A Spaceflight designs are applied to life on earth. B. Four great inventions of China spread to the west. C. Christopher Columbus discovered the new world. D. Classic literature got translated into many languages. 50. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? A. Caring for disadvantaged groups may finally benefit all. B. Action empowers those with opportunities for better solutions. C. Society should create circumstances that get everyone involved. D. Everyday items are originally invented for people in need of help. 【答案】46. C 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是6英寸长的没有斜坡的路缘对于坐轮椅的人来说“就像珠穆朗玛峰一样”，而当这个问题解决，受益的不仅是坐轮椅的群体，还有我们所有人。这个现象也即是下斜路缘效应，即当社会创造条件，允许那些被落下的人充分参与和贡献，每个人都是赢家。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“So, activists from Berkeley, California, who also needed wheelchairs, organized a campaign to create tiny ramps at intersections to help people dependent on wheels move up and down curbs independently.(因此，来自加州伯克利的活动人士也需要轮椅，他们组织了一场运动，在十字路口建造小型坡道，帮助依赖轮椅的人独立上下路缘)”可知，最初设计路缘的目的是使轮椅可以方便地上下移动。故选C。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps (斜坡) to help them move along city blocks without assistance. According to one disability rights leader, a six-inch curb “might as well have been Mount Everest”.(这对坐轮椅的人来说是个大问题，因为没有坡道帮助他们在没有帮助的情况下沿着城市街区移动。根据一位残疾人权利领袖的说法，6英寸的路沿“就像珠穆朗玛峰一样”)”可知，没有斜坡，6英寸长的路缘对于坐轮椅的人来说是一个几乎无法逾越的障碍。故选B。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。 根据第四段的“Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as “a zero-sum game (零和游戏)” and that it’s commonly believed there is a “prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another.”(Blackwell正确地指出，许多人将公平视为“零和游戏”，人们普遍认为存在一种“带有偏见的社会怀疑，即故意支持一个群体伤害另一个群体”)”可知，零和游戏是一方得益一方受损的局面，Blackwell指出很多人把下斜路缘的设计认为是零和游戏，也即是认为这是不可能实现的公平。故选C。 49题详解】 推理判断题。 根据第四段末句“What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that “when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.”(Blackwell说，路缘效应表明，“当社会创造了一种环境，允许那些被落在后面的人参与和充分贡献时，每个人都是赢家。”)”和第五段的“There are multiple examples of this principle at work. For example, investing in policies that create more living-wage jobs or increase the availability of affordable housing certainly benefits people in communities that have limited options. But, the action also empowers those people with opportunities for better health and the means to become contributing members of society—and that benefits everyone.(这个原则在工作中有很多例子。例如，投资于创造更多生活工资工作或增加可负担住房供应的政策，肯定会使选择有限的社区的人们受益。但是，这一行动也使这些人有机会获得更好的健康，并有办法成为对社会有贡献的成员——这将使每个人受益)”可知，下斜路缘效应指的是当社会创造条件，允许那些被落下的人充分参与和贡献后，最终会使每个人都受益。 结合选项，A项“Spaceflight designs are applied to life on earth.(航天设计应用于地球上的生命)”涉及到地球上的每一个人，能很好地解释下斜路缘效应。故选A。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。 根据最后一段“So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us.(所以，下次当你过马路的时候，或者在人行横道上滚动你的行李箱的时候，或者在人行道上骑自行车的时候，想想路缘削减了多少，这种设计上的改变打破了一个处于不利地位的群体的排斥之墙，不仅帮助了这个群体，而且帮助了我们所有人)”可知，路沿的下斜不仅帮助了坐轮椅的群体，而且帮助了我们所有人。由此可知，我们可以从文中总结出对弱势群体的关爱最终会让所有人受益。故选A。 第Ⅱ卷（共15分） 注意事项： 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题纸上。 第三部分：书面表达 （本题共15分。） 51. 假设你是某大学的学生李津。你学校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动。你欲参选。请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。 个人优势介绍（如性格、特长等）； 组织校内活动的设想（如举办讲座、英语晚会等）； 组织校际交流活动的设想（如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等）； 表达当选的愿望。 注意： 1. 词数不少于100； 2. 请勿提及真实学校名称； 3. 可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯； 4. 开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 副主席 vice president 竞选 run for Good afternoon, my dear friends. My name is Li Jin. ___________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】Good afternoon, my dear friends. My name is Li Jin. I’m outgoing, and get on well with my classmates and teachers. I am skilled in organizing all kinds of activities. I’d like to run for the vice president of the English club in our school. I know, as the vice president, I must do the following things for the club: I will try to make it known to every student and more students involved in the activities organized by the club. Also, to improve our English and get more students interested in English, I intend to organize some activities at school like lectures and English parties and inter-school ones such as English debate competitions and speech contests. I hope all of you will vote for me. Thank you. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生假设你是某大学的学生李津。你学校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动。你欲参选。请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 外向的：outgoing→extraverted 各种各样的：all kinds of→a variety of 组织，举办：organize→hold 打算：intend to do=plan to do 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I will try to make it known to every student and more students involved in the activities organized by the club. 拓展句：I will try to make it known to every student and more students involved in the activities which are organized by the club. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Also, to improve our English and get more students interested in English, I intend to organize some activities at school like lectures and English parties and inter-school ones such as English debate competitions and speech contests. (运用了不定式用作目的状语) [高分句型2] I hope all of you will vote for me. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了引导词that) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$