精品解析：甘肃省白银市第八中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月期中英语试题

白银市第八中学2024-2025学年度第一学期期中考试试卷 第一部分 听力（共2节，满分为30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the T-shirt? A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15 答案是C。 1. Why did the woman stop playing the piano? A. She didn’t really enjoy it. B. She wasn’t very good at it. C. She didn’t have enough time. 2. What does the woman mean? A. She is full. B. She wants some cake. C. She doesn’t like the meal. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife. 4. What time is it? A. 9:30 a. m. B. 10:00 a. m. C. 10:30 a. m. 5. How will the woman probably go to the airport? A. By taxi. B. By train. C. By bus. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面五段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第六段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When was the man called? A. Today. B. Yesterday. C. Two days ago. 7. What is wrong with the man’s mother? A. She is ill. B. She is dead. C. She is injured. 听第七段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man mainly concerned about? A. The green space. B. The number of homes. C. The suburb development. 9. What does the woman say the area was like? A. It was dirty. B. It was crowded. C. It was dangerous. 听第八段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What are the speakers watching? A. A movie. B. A stage performance. C. A TV show. 11. What is the man’s job? A. A cook. B. A salesman. C. A musician. 12. What is the woman trying to do? A. Inform the man. B. Encourage the man. C. Consult the man. 听第九段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why has the picnic been cancelled? A. It has been raining. B. The man has another plan. C. The woman dislikes picnics. 14. What did the man do just now? A. He watched a game. B. He played soccer. C. He did an experiment. 15. How does the woman probably feel about the exhibition? A. Uninterested. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. 16. Which of the following are shown in the exhibition? A. Jewelries. B. Oil paintings. C. Sculptures. 听第十段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. A lecture on success. B. A graduation ceremony. C. A school award ceremony. 18. What kind of school is it? A. A girls’ school. B. A boys’ school. C. A mixed school. 19. Who is quoted in the talk? A. A sportsman. B. A teacher. C. A singer. 20. What does the speaker say is the most important? A. Confidence. B. Success. C. Trying. 第二部分 阅读（满分为 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） A Are you looking for teen volunteer opportunities for 2024 that provide a rewarding experience that will stay with you for life? Every year thousands of teens choose to volunteer abroad with International Volunteer HQ(IVHQ)-the world’s most trusted provider of safe and affordable volunteer programs for teens. Service trips for teens are available in more than 50 destinations and there are 17 teen volunteer programs for 16 to 18 year-olds. Some of the best programs in 2024 include Turtle Conservation in Bali, Animal Care in Costa Rica and Childcare in Tanzania. Or, if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school, IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too! Benefits for volunteers: There is no doubt that volunteering as a teenager is a meaningful way to broaden your education and add experiences that will stand out on your college application. Crossing boundaries to work with partners from different parts of the world fosters global understanding. Living in a country different to your own means that you will be involved in a new culture, cuisine, and way of thinking. Guaranteed support: Chances are your parents will also want to learn more about IVHQ, whether or not they will go abroad with you. Having placed more than 130, 000 volunteers abroad, we’re always happy to speak with parents to ensure all their questions are fielded. Through our online safety training, comprehensive information brochures, on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams, IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad. If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective, please contact us. IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service. 1. What can IVHQ provide for a high school group? A. Rewards for volunteering. B. A free service trip. C. An opportunity to study abroad. D. A specialized program. 2. What does IVHQ promise to volunteers? A. Local teams’ assistance. B. Partners’ support. C. College recommendation letters. D. Parents’ company 3. The main purpose of the passage is to_____. A. advocate volunteering B. introduce requirements C. advertise a service D. suggest a lifestyle 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是International Volunteer HQ为志愿者提供的服务的广告。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Or, if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school, IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too!(或者，如果你想和你高中的一群学生一起做志愿者，IVHQ也可以为你的小组量身定制一个项目！)”可知，IVHQ能为高中团体提供一个专门的项目。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Guaranteed support:部分的“Through our online safety training, comprehensive information brochures, on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams, IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad.(通过我们的在线安全培训、全面的信息手册、经验丰富的项目经理的持续支持以及当地团队的24小时支持，IVHQ志愿者可以充分利用国外的时间。)”可知，IVHQ对志愿者的承诺是当地团队的协助。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective, please contact us. IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service.(如果您准备好打包行李，体验完全不同的生活方式，拓宽您的全球视野，请与我们联系。IVHQ将非常乐意为您提供服务。)”可知，本文是International Volunteer HQ为志愿者提供的服务的广告，因此目的是为一种服务做广告。故选C。 B When I was nine, my best friend nearly choked to death on a gobstopper, a type of hard candy. After several attempts, she coughed up the candy. I haven’t had a gobstopper since and I have carried with me a fear of seeing that scene again. Sadly, as I discovered this week, lightning can strike twice. I was getting off a tube train in London when I noticed a woman coughing. I slowed down, watching her carefully. I had learned that coughing is rarely a sign that something is terribly wrong. Suddenly, the woman stopped coughing, her eyes widened and she bent over. When I went over to ask if she was OK, she looked up at me, panicked, and pointed to her back. I started hitting her back and screaming for help. Despite having watched a few videos, I was terrified that I wouldn’t be able to correctly perform the Heimlich, a first-aid method, and that I would have to walk away with guilt for her death. But it was just the two of us, alone at an underground station; if I didn’t try to help, no one would. Thankfully, much like with my friend, after a few sharp hits, whatever had been stuck in her throat came loose. She thanked me, almost embarrassed, and walked up to the lift. I followed behind her, shaking, with tears in my eyes. By the time we reached the lift, we had both calmed down. She took my hands and thanked me again, before disappearing. She might have been fine without my hurried hits on her back — I may not have actually saved her life — but at least she knew that someone, a stranger whom she would never see again, cared. This experience also taught me about the bystander effect, where people assume others assumed to be available during an emergency, which leads to inaction. I get it: the fear of making things worse, especially if you have no medical training, is real. Research suggests that when a “medically competent” person is assumed to be available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less likely to occur. Sometimes, though, regardless of who else could be nearby, it may be useful to get involved. So it was with the coughing woman on the tube. 4 How did the friend’s choking incident affect the author? A. She lived with a sense of guilt. B. She realized the importance of first aid. C. She developed a fear of witnessing similar events. D. She deepened her understanding of the bystander effect. 5. What did the author do to help the woman on the tube? A. She relieved the woman’s coughing. B. She walked the woman up to the lift. C. She learned Heimlich from her. D She performed first aid by hitting the woman’s back. 6. Which situation can be described as the bystander effect? A. You volunteered to help an old man carrying a heavy bag. B. You asked your brother who is a doctor to save a dying woman. C. You avoided involvement when seeing an injured lady on the road. D. You walked away after the rescue men asked you to leave the scene. 7. What can we learn from this passage? A. A good turn deserves another. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. Action speaks louder than inaction. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在地铁上帮助了一个窒息的女子及引发的感想。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When I was nine, my best friend nearly choked to death on a gobstopper, a type of hard candy. After several attempts, she coughed up the candy. I haven’t had a gobstopper since and I have carried with me a fear of seeing that scene again.(我九岁的时候，我最好的朋友差点被一种叫gobstopper的硬糖噎死。几次尝试后，她把糖果咳了出来。从那以后，我再也没有吃过gobstopper，我一直害怕再次看到那一幕)”可知，作者在目睹朋友的窒息事件后开始害怕看到类似的事件。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I started hitting her back and screaming for help. Despite having watched a few videos, I was terrified that I wouldn’t be able to correctly perform the Heimlich, a first-aid method, and that I would have to walk away with guilt for her death. But it was just the two of us, alone at an underground station; if I didn’t try to help, no one would. Thankfully, much like with my friend, after a few sharp hits, whatever had been stuck in her throat came loose.(我开始打她的背，大声呼救。尽管已经看了一些视频，我还是很害怕自己不能正确地执行急救方法海姆立克急救法，而且我将不得不带着对她死亡的愧疚离开。但地铁站里只有我们两个人；如果我不帮忙，没人会帮忙。谢天谢地，就像我的朋友一样，在几下猛烈的击打后，卡在她喉咙里的东西松了)”可知，作者击打妇女的背进行急救。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This experience also taught me about the bystander effect, where people assume others assumed to be available during an emergency, which leads to inaction.(这段经历还让我了解了旁观者效应，即人们认为其他人在紧急情况下是可以帮助的，这导致了不作为)”可知，旁观者效应是指在紧急情况下，以为别人会帮助，所以自己不作为，C选项“当你在路上看到一位受伤的女士时，你避免卷入其中”可以描述为旁观者效应。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sometimes, though, regardless of who else could be nearby, it may be useful to get involved.(然而，有时候，不管谁可能在附近，参与进来可能是有用的)”及全文作者讲述在地铁上帮助了一个窒息女人的行为可知，作者认为行动起来会是有用的，胜于不行动。故选D。 C Bed rotting — the practice of spending long periods of time just staying under the covers with snacks, screens and other creature comforts — is gaining popularity on social media. Some Generation Z trend followers are now considering it as a form of self-care, but doctors warn too much could be “sign of depression”. Are these extended breaks really wise for one’s mental health — or could they be a cause for concern? Dr. Ryan Sultan, a professor treating many young people, called the bed rotting trend attractive. “In our culture today, with too much to do, too many expectations and too much productivity, many young individuals (个人) are feeling tired and often aren’t getting enough sleep. It’s easy to see why taking time off to lie around is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance to get away from real-life problems and clear your head before returning to life in a better state of mind,” he added. For the downside, however, he said a long-term need or desire for bed rotting could do harm to one’s physical health. Spending too many daytime hours in bed — awake or not — could destroy sleep schedules. Our brains are fine-tuned for sleep in darkness and alertness in light. Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will worsen sleep schedules — once that happens, it is a challenge to fix. It could also lead to blood pressure problems and obesity (肥胖). Long-term need or desire for bed rotting could also be a warning sign of depression, according to a mental health expert. Dr. Marc Siegel, professor of medicine, agreed that while some downtime can be useful in terms of de-stressing and rejuvenation (更新), too much bed rotting is bad. In addition to increasing the risk of depression, it contributes to decreased motivation (动力) as well. Instead of bed rotting, Siegel recommends regular exercise as a better form of de-stressing. While the occasional lazy day can be beneficial, too much could have the opposite effect. If it happens every day, that’s a fairly sensitive test for depression. Those who lack the motivation to get out of bed could also try calling or texting a family member for support, socializing with close friends, finding a small task to complete, or reaching out to a medical professional for help. 8. According to Dr. Ryan Sultan, why do young people like bed rotting? A. Bed rotting is a way to escape stress. B. Bed rotting helps fix sleep schedules. C. They are unwilling to socialize with friends. D. They are fond of what is popular on social media. 9. What does the word “fine-tuned” underlined in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Quickly-started. B. Well-trained. C. Badly-needed. D. Ill-equipped. 10. What can we learn from the passage? A. Feeling down leads to decreased motivation. B. Sleeping in light can increase the risk of depression. C. Young individuals meet expectations through bed rotting. D. Being lazy from time to time can be good for individuals. 11. What is the passage mainly talking about? A. Different opinions on how to become motivated. B. Main causes of the long-term need for bed rotting. C. Practical suggestions for young people to deal with stress. D. Possible problems from lying in bed for extended periods of time. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了年轻人喜欢躺尸来逃避压力，但专家指出长期需要或渴望躺尸可能会损害一个人的身体健康。 【8题详解】 推断判断题。根据第二段““In our culture today, with too much to do, too many expectations and too much productivity, many young individuals (个人) are feeling tired and often aren’t getting enough sleep. It’s easy to see why taking time off to lie around is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance to get away from real-life problems and clear your head before returning to life in a better state of mind,” he added. ( Sultan说：“在我们今天的文化中，有太多的事情要做，太多的期望和太多的生产力，许多年轻人感到精疲力竭，往往睡眠不足。很容易看出为什么抽出时间来躺一躺是有吸引力的。”他补充道“在很多方面，这是有益的。这是一个机会，让你远离现实生活中的问题，在以更好的心态回归生活之前理清你的头脑”)”可知，根据瑞安·苏尔坦博士的说法，年轻人喜欢躺尸是因为这是逃避压力的一种方式。故选A。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Spending too many daytime hours in bed—awake or not—could destroy sleep schedules. (白天在床上呆太长时间——不管醒不醒——都会破坏睡眠时间安排。)”和后文“Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will worsen sleep schedules—once that happens, it is a challenge to fix.(白天躺在床上半睡半醒会使睡眠时间安排变差——一旦出现这种情况，就很难解决了)”以及“for sleep in darkness and alertness in light”可推断，我们的大脑被训练为在黑暗中睡觉，在光明中保持警觉。故划线词意思是“训练有素的”。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“While the occasional lazy day can be beneficial, too much could have the opposite effect.(偶尔偷懒一天是有益的，但偷懒太多则会产生相反的效果)”可知，偶尔懒惰对个人是有好处的。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some Generation Z trend followers are now viewing it as a form of self-care, but doctors warn too much could be “sign of depression”. Are these extended breaks really wise for one’s mental health — or could they be a cause for concern?(一些Z世代的潮流追随者现在将其视为一种自我保健方式，但医生警告说，过度躺尸可能是“抑郁症的征兆”。这些延长的休息时间真的对一个人的心理健康有益吗？还是会引起人们的担忧？)”结合接下来的分析内容可知，文章主要说明了年轻人喜欢躺尸来逃避压力，但专家指出长期需要或渴望躺尸可能会损害一个人的身体健康。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是长时间躺在床上可能产生的问题。故选D。 D Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road-map to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more aggressive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100. But don’t ever expect mass emigration (移民) from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming (地球化) Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era (时代). If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s refocus from the science fiction of the far future closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species-ours—holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution (演化), even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 12. Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A. To justify the governments’ policies. B. To criticize scientists’ poor prediction ability. C. To advocate for advancements in tech. D. To highlight the challenges faced by scientists. 13. According to this passage, AI can ________. A. put an end to climate change B. facilitate mass human migration C. speed up the competition in medical fields D. bring about potential threats from big companies 14. As for the future, which of the following will the author agree with? A. Post-humans will echo the history of humans. B. Complex intelligence will dominate the universe. C. Non-biological brains may invite unknown disasters. D. Fully artificial intelligence may inhabit outer space. 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Future of Humanity: Could AI Save Us? B. Change or Die: Will Science Lead Further Evolution? C. Towards a Sustainable Future: What Can We Do? D. Unstoppable Trend: Is Complex Intelligence Coming? 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了人口增长和气候变暖两个趋势，并探讨了人工智能、太空探索以及后人类时代的可能性，文章呼吁全球思考、理性行动，并强调科学需要与价值观相结合。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road-map to a low-carbon future. (科学家们对未来的预测能力很差。但可以自信地预测两种趋势。首先，世界将变得更加拥挤。到2050年，人口将超过90亿。其次，世界将变暖，一些政府不会优先考虑应对气候变化所需的长期措施，尽管科学为我们提供了低碳未来的路线图。)”以及第二段“That’s why we should be promoters of new technology—without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. (这就是为什么我们应该成为新技术的推动者——没有它，世界就无法为不断增长的人口提供所需的粮食和可持续能源。)”可知，作者在第一段中提到这两种趋势是为了呼吁大家发展科学新技术，倡导技术进步。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“AI will undoubtedly become more aggressive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. (毫无疑问，人工智能在未来将变得更加激进。我们的行动、健康和财务交易记录将存储在云端。这些数据可能被用于合理的原因，如蛋白质折叠和药物开发，或警告我们最初的健康风险，但互联网公司的可用性已经将权力平衡从政府转移到了全球规模的公司。)”可知，人工智能会使人类受到来自于全球规模的大公司的潜在威胁。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. (如果后人类从血肉之躯转为完全的人工智能，他们将不需要一个均匀的重力环境，所以在深空——甚至在火星上，非生物“大脑”可能会发展出我们无法想象的力量。他们最终可能会在精神上与我们不同。人工智能可能会引发大规模的移民，从而使更复杂的智能在宇宙中传播。)”可知，作者认为完全人工智能可能存在于外太空。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. (如果科学要拯救我们，我们需要从全球、理智和长远的角度思考——由科学赋予权力，但以科学本身无法提供的价值观为指导。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要探讨了人工智能、太空探索以及后人类时代的可能性，文章呼吁全球思考、理性行动，并强调科学需要与价值观相结合所以“人类的未来：人工智能能拯救我们吗？”提出问题，引发读者的阅读兴趣，适合作为文章标题。故选A。 第二节 七选五（共 5 小题，每题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） If you are asked to describe your relationship with your phone, what would you say? ____16____ For those of us who use digital technology with regularity, we will unavoidably think we have overdone it. But are we really addicted to our screens? For the vast majority of users, the answer is no because there’s no formal set of criteria for digital addiction. ____17____ This test was given to around 800 people, using criteria previously adopted in many other studies. The team found that 69% of the participants could be diagnosed with an addiction to spending time with their friends. ____18____ Instead, the team was showing how easy it is to create what appears to be a data-driven measure of an addictive behavior, which actually is a normal part of everyday life. The idea of being addicted to offline friendships is ridiculous, but that is what is happening in the digital technology research literature. We are stuck with researchers combining people’s enjoyment of an activity with the idea that it has the potential to become addictive. ____19____ It is true that we can develop bad relationships with the technology we use, but an emerging line of research says we need to view our relationships with digital technology in terms of habits, not in terms of problematic use. ____20____ Whether they have positive or negative effects on our well-being depends not just on the type of habit, but on the context in which it occurs, how frequently it occurs and what other factors might be contributing to it. Thinking about our technology use in terms of habit offers us a much wider range of options. Rather than getting rid of technology altogether, we can seek our digital experience that promote positive effects while minimizing negative impacts. A. Many of us are likely to develop bad habits. B. Habits, like checking our phones, are neutral. C. For many, the word “addicted” would spring to mind. D. This leads ultimately to the belief that the activity is naturally bad. E. Obviously, the aim wasn’t to fuel a new moral panic about socializing. F. A recent study has revealed evidence that shows positive effects of digital use. G. Back in 2020, a team used standard techniques to do an offline-friend addiction questionnaire. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了我们与手机等数字技术的关系。 【16题详解】 根据上文“If you are asked to describe your relationship with your phone, what would you say?(如果让你描述一下你和手机的关系，你会怎么说？)”和下文“For those of us who use digital technology with regularity, we will unavoidably think we have overdone it.(对于我们这些经常使用数字技术的人来说，我们不可避免地会认为我们过度使用了)”可知，对于上文问题的回答应该是上瘾，C项中的“addicted”和下文中的“overdone”对应。C项：For many, the word “addicted” would spring to mind.(对许多人来说，“上瘾”这个词会跃入脑海)符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“But are we really addicted to our screens? For the vast majority of users, the answer is no because there’s no formal set of criteria for digital addiction.(但我们真的对屏幕上瘾了吗？对于绝大多数用户来说，答案是否定的，因为目前还没有关于数字成瘾的正式标准)”和下文“This test was given to around 800 people, using criteria previously adopted in many other studies.(这项测试对大约800人进行了测试，使用了许多其他研究中采用的标准)”可知，空处提到了一项测试，解释说明上文提出的观点。G项：Back in 2020, a team used standard techniques to do an offline-friend addiction questionnaire.(早在2020年，一个团队就使用标准技术做了一份离线朋友成瘾调查问卷)符合语境。故选G。 18题详解】 根据上文“The team found that 69% of the participants could be diagnosed with an addiction to spending time with their friends.(研究小组发现，69%的参与者可能被诊断为与朋友共度时光成瘾)”可知，研究团队发现69%的参与者可以被诊断为过度沉迷于与朋友相处的时间，但这里并不是要引发对社交的新道德恐慌。E项：Obviously, the aim wasn’t to fuel a new moral panic about socializing.(很明显，这样做的目的并不是要在社交方面引发新的道德恐慌)正好解释了这一点，它表明这项研究的真正目的并不是要制造恐慌，而是有其他更深的含义或目的，符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“We are stuck with researchers combining people’s enjoyment of an activity with the idea that it has the potential to become addictive.(研究人员将人们对一项活动的享受与它有可能上瘾的想法结合起来，这让我们陷入了困境)”可知，上文提到研究人员提出的一项活动的享受与它有可能上瘾的想法，对于我们的认知产生了不好的影响，空处承接上文，指出后果。D项：This leads ultimately to the belief that the activity is naturally bad.(这最终导致人们相信这种活动自然是不好的)符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“It is true that we can develop bad relationships with the technology we use, but an emerging line of research says we need to view our relationships with digital technology in terms of habits, not in terms of problematic use.(的确，我们可以与我们所使用的技术建立不好的关系，但一项新的研究表明，我们需要从习惯的角度来看待我们与数字技术的关系，而不是从有问题的使用角度)”和下文“Whether they have positive or negative effects on our well-being depends not just on the type of habit, but on the context in which it occurs, how frequently it occurs and what other factors might be contributing to it.(它们对我们的幸福感有积极还是消极的影响，这不仅取决于习惯的类型，还取决于它发生的背景，发生的频率以及其他可能导致它的因素)”可知，上文提到我们应该以习惯而不是问题使用的角度来看待我们与数字技术的关系。下文进一步解释了习惯对我们福祉的影响取决于多种因素。B项：Habits, like checking our phones, are neutral.(像看手机这样的习惯是中性的)强调了习惯的中立性，并引出了后文对习惯影响的详细讨论，符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共三部分，满分为 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的 A,B,C,D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a ski instructor for children, I work with all sorts of behavior challenges. Kids seem to mask ____21____ less effectively than adults, so it’s ____22____ to see when they are cold, scared, or just not having fun. On one occasion, I was working with a group of ____23____ when one of them started to act out. He began spitting rude remarks and ____24____ instructions. After five years of working in this environment, I recognized that his ____25____ were not being met. Did he deserve ____26____ if he was not being kind himself? Maybe. So, I took him aside and tried a(n)____27____. I showered him with every ounce of ____28____ I could. I reassured (使安心) him and smiled when his skis responded effectively to his movements. I ____29____ him when he fell. As the class weaved through trees, I saw his _____30_____ grow. By the bottom, he was smiling as well. He quietly apologized for being _____31_____ and thanked me for being his teacher. Although this is an oversimplified example of kindness and behavioral psychology I know little about, I learned something that day: Kindness _____32_____. I often think that we are still like kids as adults. We’re just better at _____33_____ our unpleasant feelings. But our inner child needs healing and security. And when someone offers a hug after a long day, souls can be _____34_____. So, whether they _____35_____ it or not, be kind. 21. A. secret B. ability C. disappointment D. discomfort 22. A. important B. easy C. useful D. difficult 23. A. adults B. children C. athletes D. undergraduates 24. A. ignoring B. demanding C. giving D. missing 25. A. standards B. expectations C. needs D. interests 26. A. sympathy B. kindness C. recognition D. attention 27. A. experiment B. instruction C. exercise D. conversation 28. A. security B. passion C. courage D. power 29. A. promised B. questioned C. encouraged D. persuaded 30. A. curiosity B. impatience C. anxiety D. confidence 31. A. shy B. late C. unkind D. stressed 32. A. remains B. occurs C. works D. continues 33. A. accepting B. hiding C. understanding D. expressing 34. A. protected B. cured C. released D. healed 35. A. deserve B. believe C. know D. discover 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为滑雪老师给一个调皮捣蛋的孩子展示善意的故事，作者明白了成年人和小孩子是一样的，只是成年人更容易隐藏自己，所以无论对方是谁，都要向对方展示善意。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们掩饰不适的能力似乎不如成年人，所以当他们感到冷、害怕或不开心时，很容易看出来。A. secret秘密，秘诀；B. ability能力；C. disappointment失望；D. discomfort不适。根据“see when they are cold, scared, or just not having fun”可知，孩子们掩饰不舒服的能力较弱。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们掩饰不适的能力似乎不如成年人，所以当他们感到冷、害怕或不开心时，很容易看出来。A. important重要的；B. easy容易的；C. useful有用的；D. difficult困难的。根据“less effectively than adults”及“see when they are cold, scared, or just not having fun”可知，孩子们的掩饰能力弱，所以很容易发现他们的不舒适。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我和一群孩子一起工作，其中一个孩子开始调皮捣蛋。A. adults成年人；B. children孩子们；C. athletes运动员；D. undergraduates大学生。根据上文“As a ski instructor for children”可知，作者是孩子们的指导师，所以应该是和孩子们一起工作。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始说粗话，无视指示。A. ignoring忽视；B. demanding要求；C. giving给；D. missing想念。根据“He began spitting rude remarks”可知，这个孩子不听话，无视作者的指示。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的环境中工作了五年之后，我意识到他的需求并没有得到满足。A. standards标注；B. expectations期待；C. needs需要；D. interests兴趣。根据“After five years of working in this environment”及“were not being met.”可知，作者工作了五年，有了工作经验，知道了孩子的表现是由于需要没有得到满足。meet the needs为固定短语。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他自己都不善良，他还值得被仁慈吗？A. sympathy同情；B. kindness善意；C. recognition认可；D. attention注意力。根据“if he was not being kind himself”及最后一段作者对于kindness的看法可知，此处询问这个孩子是否值得善意的对待。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我把他叫到一边，做了一个试验。A. experiment试验；B. instruction指示；C. exercise锻炼；D. conversation保护。根据下文“I showered him with every ounce of ____8____ I could.”及下文内容可知，作者在此处做了一个试验。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我尽我所能地保护了他。A. security安全；B. passion热情；C. courage勇气；D. power力量。根据“showered him with every ounce of”可知，此处指作者给了这个孩子每一份的安全感。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跌倒时我鼓励他。A. promised承诺；B. questioned质疑；C. encouraged鼓励；D. persuaded说服。根据“when he fell”可知，当孩子跌倒时，作者鼓励他。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当整个班级穿过树林时，我看到他的信心在增长。A. curiosity好奇心；B. impatience不耐烦；C. anxiety焦虑；D. confidence自信。根据后文“By the bottom, he was smiling as well.”可知，作者在陪伴孩子训练时感受到了孩子的信心在增长。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他悄悄地为自己的不友善道歉，并感谢我做他的老师。A. shy害羞的；B. late迟到的；C. unkind不友善的；D. stressed有压力的。根据上文“He began spitting rude remarks and ____4____ instructions.”可知，男孩对于之前不友善的行为道歉。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这是一个关于善良和行为心理学的过于简单的例子，但我对它知之甚少，那天我学到了一些东西：善良是有效的。A. remains保持；B. occurs出现；C. works起作用；D. continues继续。根据上一段作者善意对待这个孩子的过程可知，作者在试验的过程中发现，善意是能起作用的。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只是更善于隐藏不愉快的感觉。A. accepting接受；B. hiding隐藏；C. understanding理解；D. expressing表达。根据上文“Kids seem to mask ____1____ less effectively than adults””可知，成年人比孩子更容易隐藏不愉快。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当有人在漫长的一天后给你一个拥抱，灵魂就能得到治愈。A. protected保护；B. cured治愈；C. released释放；D. healed愈合。根据“But our inner child needs healing and security. And when someone offers a hug after a long day”可知，成年人内心的小孩子需要治愈，一个拥抱就可以做到。cure表示具体的疾病，heal表示内心的感情创伤的治愈，愈合。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，不管他们应得与否，都要善待他们。A. deserve值得；B. believe相信；C. know知道；D. discover发现。根据上文可知，善意是能起作用的，此处为让步状语，表示“无论对方是否值得善意”，都要用善意对待别人。故选A项。 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 New trend to explore ‘city’ China making waves on social media The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,” ____36____ means “city or not a city,” went viral on social media last week. It was created by a TikTok vlogger @baobaoxiong and his ____37____ (video) using the catchphrase have received millions of views on both TikTok and Douyin. On Saturday, @baobaoxiong posted a video explaining the ____38____ (mean) of this phrase. He said that “city” can ____39____ (simple) mean something very “of the city,” like fashionable, but most importantly it’s a feeling of lively or thrilling. As the summer travel season approached, many people started to use “city不city” to express their feelings about a new place on social media and it became an ____40____ (attract) of China for foreign tourists. Since China announced the 72/144-hour visa-free transit policy last November, it ____41____ (apply) to 54 countries and attracted millions of foreigners coming to explore the “city” of China. According to the National Immigration Administration, ____42____ number of foreigners coming to China recorded a threefold increase in the first quarter of this year. 144-hour visa-free transit and China travel have also become trending topics on TikTok and YouTube. @PASSPORT VISIONZ, a TikTok vlogger, came to China with her husband and filmed a series of videos recording their ____43____ (astonish) when they saw the “city” China, which has reached more than seven million views on TikTok and became their most viewed video. Many ____44____ (netizen) who saw those videos expressed their amazement at how “city” China is now and their _____45_____ (willing) to come to China. 【答案】36. which 37. videos 38. meaning 39. simply 40. attraction 41. has applied 42. the 43. astonishment 44. netizens 45. willingness 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。本文介绍了流行语“city不city”的起源、传播及其在社交媒体上的影响，特别是与旅游相关的社会现象，包括签证政策、外国游客的增长数据，以及网络视频博主的案例。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：“city 不 (bu) city”这一流行语上周在社交媒体上迅速走红，意思是“城市还是不是城市”。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,”，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：这个流行语是由TikTok博主@baobaoxiong创造的，他使用这个流行语的视频在TikTok和抖音上已经获得了数百万的观看量。设空处作主语，根据后文的have可知，此处应填video“视频”的复数形式videos。故填videos。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：周六，@baobaoxiong发布了一个视频解释这个短语的含义。本空用meaning“含义”，作explaining的宾语，特指这个短语的含义，用单数形式。故填meaning。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：他说，“城市”可以简单地指非常“城市化”的东西，比如时尚，但最重要的是，它是一种充满活力或令人兴奋的感觉。本空用副词simply“简单地”，修饰动词mean，作状语。故填simply。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着夏季旅游旺季的到来，许多人在社交媒体上开始用“city不city”来表达他们对一个新地方的感受，这成为了吸引外国游客来中国的亮点。本空用attraction“吸引力，亮点”，作宾语，前面有an，故用单数形式。故填attraction。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：自从去年11月中国宣布实施72/144小时过境免签政策以来，该政策已适用于54个国家，吸引了数百万外国人来探索中国的“城市”。apply to“适用于”。根据since引导的时间状语从句，主句应用现在完成时，主语it为第三人称单数，因此助动词用has。故填has applied。 【42题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：据国家移民管理局统计，今年第一季度来华外国人数量增长了三倍。the number of表示“……的数量”，固定搭配。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：TikTok博主@PASSPORT VISIONZ和她的丈夫来到中国，拍摄了一系列视频，记录下他们看到“城市”中国时的惊讶之情，这些视频在TikTok上的浏览量已超过700万，成为他们观看次数最多的视频。本空用名词astonishment“惊讶”，作recording的宾语。故填astonishment。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：许多看到这些视频的网民表达了他们对中国现在多么“城市化”的惊叹，以及他们来中国的意愿。根据空后的their可知，网民不止一个，本空用netizen“网民”的复数形式netizens。故填netizens。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。本空用名词willingness“意愿”，作expressed的宾语。故填willingness。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分为 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分） 46. 假如你所在的城市正在创建全国文明城市，请写一篇演讲稿，号召全体同学行动起来，为创建文明城市做出自己的贡献。内容包括： 1. 创建文明城市的内容和意义； 2. 我该怎么做。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：文明城市 a civilized city Boys and girls, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Boys and girls, As has been promoted by our school, we are to build a civilized city, in which case our city can be cleaner and more competitive, and all the residents will be better off. On campus, we should pick up litter while we walk around, or help others when necessary. At home, we can persuade our parents to quit smoking and get along well with neighbors. Besides, the core socialist values ought to be put into practice. Thank you. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你所在的城市正在创建全国文明城市，请写一篇演讲稿，号召全体同学行动起来，为创建文明城市做出自己的贡献。 【详解】1.词汇积累 居民：resident→citizen 和睦相处：get along well with→get on well with 应该：ought to→be supposed to 此外：besides→in addition 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：On campus, we should pick up litter while we walk around, or help others when necessary. 拓展句：On campus, not only should we pick up litter while we walk around, but also we should help others when necessary. 【点睛】[高分句型1] As has been promoted by our school, we are to build a civilized city, in which case our city can be cleaner and more competitive, and all the residents will be better off. (运用了介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] On campus, we should pick up litter while we walk around, or help others when necessary. (运用了while引导时间状语从句) 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was a vet in Yorkshire. One day I received a call from Mrs Tompkin asking me to cut the beak (喙) of her budgie (虎皮鹦鹉). I armed myself with a pair of clippers and stepped onto the narrow strip of pavement which separated the door from the road. A pleasant-looking red-haired woman answered my knock. “I’m Mrs Dodds from next door,” she said. “I keep an eye on the old lady. She’s over eighty and lives alone.” She led me into the cramped little room. “Here’s Mr Herriot coming to see Peter for you,” she said to the old woman who sat in a corner. Mrs Tompkin nodded and smiled, “Oh that’s good. Poor little fella can hardly eat with its long beak and I’m worried about him. He’s my only companion, you know.” “Yes, I understand, Mrs Tompkin.” I looked at the cage by the window with the green budgie perched (栖息) inside. “These little birds can be wonderful company when they start chattering.” She laughed, “Yes, but it’s a funny thing. Peter never has said that much. I think he’s lazy! But I just like having him with me.” “Of course you do,” I said, “but he certainly needs attention now.” The beak was greatly overgrown, curving away down till it touched the feathers of the breast. I would be able to revolutionize his life with one quick snip from my clippers. The way I was feeling this job was right up my street. I opened the cage door and slowly inserted my hand. “Come on, Peter,” I wheedled (哄骗). As I lifted him out, I felt in my pocket with the other hand for the clippers. Then I stopped. The tiny head was no longer poking cheekily from my fingers but had fallen loosely to one side The eyes were closed. He was dead. Mrs Dodds and I looked at each other in horror. When I turned my head towards Mrs Tompkin, I was surprised to see that she was still nodding and smiling. I drew her neighbor to one side. “Mrs Dodds, how much does she see?” “Oh, she’s very short-sighted but she’s right vain despite her age. Never would she wear glasses. She’s hard of hearing, too.” “Well, look,” I said. My heart was still pounding. “I just don’t know what to do. If I tell her about this, the shock will be terrible. Anything could happen.” Mrs Dodds nodded, stricken-faced. “Yes, you’re right. She’s that attached to the little thing.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I decided to do something for her instead of telling her the truth. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It was a long time before I went to see how Mrs Tompkin got along with the bird I bought for her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: I decided to do something for her instead of telling her the truth. Suddenly it occurred to me that I could buy her a new bird in the nearby store. Mrs Dodds also thought it a good idea and even suggested one in the town. I cleared my throat, telling Mrs Tompkin that I was going to take Peter along to the surgery to do the job. I left her still nodding and smiling and, cage in hand, fled into the street. I soon found the shop and luckily there was a green budgie in the shop. With the bird in the cage, I sped back and hung it in its place by the window. “I think you’ll find everything is well now,” I told Mrs Tompkin. It was a long time before I went to see how Mrs Tompkin got along with the bird I bought for her. “How is the bird?” I said. The old lady led me in and then laughed. “Oh, you mean Peter. He is grand.” In the little room, the cage still hung by the window and Peter, the Second, hopped around the bars of the cage, running up and down his ladder. Mrs Tompkin looked lovingly at him. “You wouldn’t believe it,” she said. “He’s like a different bird, chattering to me all day long. It’s wonderful what cutting a beak can do.” Hearing this, I feel relieved — my efforts did bring her happiness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者在为一位老妇人的鹦鹉诊治时鹦鹉突然死了，作者担心这会让老妇人太难过，于是偷偷又买了一只鹦鹉替代，这只鹦鹉非常健康活泼，这让老妇人感到很开心。 详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我决定为她做点什么，而不是告诉她真相。”可知，第一段可描写作者决定不告诉汤普金夫人鹦鹉已经死了，偷偷买了另一只鹦鹉替代。 ②由第二段首句内容“过了很长一段时间，我才去看汤普金夫人和我给她买的鸟相处得怎么样。”可知，第二段可描写汤普金夫人非常开心，她和新鹦鹉相处得很好，并以为这就是原来的那只。 2.续写线索：想到主意——哄骗——买到鹦鹉——探望——开心——宽慰 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.某人想到：it occurs to sb that/it strikes sb that ②.推荐：suggest/recommend ③.认为：think/consider 情绪类 ①.亲切地：lovingly/warmly ②.快乐：happiness/pleasure 【点睛】[高分句型1] I left her still nodding and smiling and, cage in hand, fled into the street. (运用了独立主格结构) [高分句型2] It’s wonderful what cutting a beak can do. (运用了what引导的主语从句和it作形式主语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 白银市第八中学2024-2025学年度第一学期期中考试试卷 第一部分 听力（共2节，满分为30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the T-shirt? A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15 答案是C。 1. Why did the woman stop playing the piano? A. She didn’t really enjoy it. B. She wasn’t very good at it. C. She didn’t have enough time. 2. What does the woman mean? A. She is full. B. She wants some cake. C. She doesn’t like the meal. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife. 4. What time is it? A. 9:30 a. m. B. 10:00 a. m. C. 10:30 a. m. 5. How will the woman probably go to the airport? A. By taxi. B. By train. C. By bus. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面五段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第六段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When was the man called? A. Today. B. Yesterday. C. Two days ago. 7. What is wrong with the man’s mother? A. She is ill. B. She is dead. C. She is injured. 听第七段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man mainly concerned about? A. The green space. B. The number of homes. C. The suburb development. 9. What does the woman say the area was like? A. It was dirty. B. It was crowded. C. It was dangerous. 听第八段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What are the speakers watching? A. A movie. B. A stage performance. C. A TV show. 11. What is the man’s job? A. A cook. B. A salesman. C. A musician. 12. What is the woman trying to do? A. Inform the man. B. Encourage the man. C. Consult the man. 听第九段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why has the picnic been cancelled? A. It has been raining. B. The man has another plan. C. The woman dislikes picnics. 14. What did the man do just now? A. He watched a game. B. He played soccer. C. He did an experiment. 15. How does the woman probably feel about the exhibition? A. Uninterested. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. 16. Which of the following are shown in the exhibition? A. Jewelries. B. Oil paintings. C. Sculptures. 听第十段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. A lecture on success. B. A graduation ceremony. C. A school award ceremony. 18. What kind of school is it? A. A girls’ school. B. A boys’ school. C. A mixed school. 19. Who is quoted in the talk? A. A sportsman. B. A teacher. C. A singer. 20. What does the speaker say is the most important? A. Confidence. B. Success. C. Trying. 第二部分 阅读（满分为 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） A Are you looking for teen volunteer opportunities for 2024 that provide a rewarding experience that will stay with you for life? Every year thousands of teens choose to volunteer abroad with International Volunteer HQ(IVHQ)-the world’s most trusted provider of safe and affordable volunteer programs for teens. Service trips for teens are available in more than 50 destinations and there are 17 teen volunteer programs for 16 to 18 year-olds. Some of the best programs in 2024 include Turtle Conservation in Bali, Animal Care in Costa Rica and Childcare in Tanzania. Or, if you’re wanting to volunteer with a group of students from your high school, IVHQ can tailor a program for your group too! Benefits for volunteers: There is no doubt that volunteering as a teenager is a meaningful way to broaden your education and add experiences that will stand out on your college application. Crossing boundaries to work with partners from different parts of the world fosters global understanding. Living in a country different to your own means that you will be involved in a new culture, cuisine, and way of thinking. Guaranteed support: Chances are your parents will also want to learn more about IVHQ, whether or not they will go abroad with you. Having placed more than 130, 000 volunteers abroad, we’re always happy to speak with parents to ensure all their questions are fielded. Through our online safety training, comprehensive information brochures, on-going support from experienced program managers and round-the-clock support from our local teams, IVHQ volunteers are well supported to make the most of the time abroad. If you’re ready to pack your bags and experience a completely different lifestyle and widen your global perspective, please contact us. IVHQ will be more than happy to offer a service. 1. What can IVHQ provide for a high school group? A. Rewards for volunteering. B. A free service trip. C. An opportunity to study abroad. D. A specialized program. 2. What does IVHQ promise to volunteers? A. Local teams’ assistance. B. Partners’ support. C. College recommendation letters. D. Parents’ company 3. The main purpose of the passage is to_____. A. advocate volunteering B. introduce requirements C. advertise a service D. suggest a lifestyle B When I was nine, my best friend nearly choked to death on a gobstopper, a type of hard candy. After several attempts, she coughed up the candy. I haven’t had a gobstopper since and I have carried with me a fear of seeing that scene again. Sadly, as I discovered this week, lightning can strike twice. I was getting off a tube train in London when I noticed a woman coughing. I slowed down, watching her carefully. I had learned that coughing is rarely a sign that something is terribly wrong. Suddenly, the woman stopped coughing, her eyes widened and she bent over. When I went over to ask if she was OK, she looked up at me, panicked, and pointed to her back. I started hitting her back and screaming for help. Despite having watched a few videos, I was terrified that I wouldn’t be able to correctly perform the Heimlich, a first-aid method, and that I would have to walk away with guilt for her death. But it was just the two of us, alone at an underground station; if I didn’t try to help, no one would. Thankfully, much like with my friend, after a few sharp hits, whatever had been stuck in her throat came loose. She thanked me, almost embarrassed, and walked up to the lift. I followed behind her, shaking, with tears in my eyes. By the time we reached the lift, we had both calmed down. She took my hands and thanked me again, before disappearing. She might have been fine without my hurried hits on her back — I may not have actually saved her life — but at least she knew that someone, a stranger whom she would never see again, cared. This experience also taught me about the bystander effect, where people assume others assumed to be available during an emergency, which leads to inaction. I get it: the fear of making things worse, especially if you have no medical training, is real. Research suggests that when a “medically competent” person is assumed to be available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less likely to occur. Sometimes, though, regardless of who else could be nearby, it may be useful to get involved. So it was with the coughing woman on the tube. 4. How did the friend’s choking incident affect the author? A. She lived with a sense of guilt. B. She realized the importance of first aid. C. She developed a fear of witnessing similar events. D. She deepened her understanding of the bystander effect. 5. What did the author do to help the woman on the tube? A. She relieved the woman’s coughing. B. She walked the woman up to the lift. C She learned Heimlich from her. D. She performed first aid by hitting the woman’s back. 6. Which situation can be described as the bystander effect? A. You volunteered to help an old man carrying a heavy bag. B. You asked your brother who is a doctor to save a dying woman. C. You avoided involvement when seeing an injured lady on the road. D. You walked away after the rescue men asked you to leave the scene. 7. What can we learn from this passage? A. A good turn deserves another. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. Action speaks louder than inaction. C Bed rotting — the practice of spending long periods of time just staying under the covers with snacks, screens and other creature comforts — is gaining popularity on social media. Some Generation Z trend followers are now considering it as a form of self-care, but doctors warn too much could be “sign of depression”. Are these extended breaks really wise for one’s mental health — or could they be a cause for concern? Dr. Ryan Sultan, a professor treating many young people, called the bed rotting trend attractive. “In our culture today, with too much to do, too many expectations and too much productivity, many young individuals (个人) are feeling tired and often aren’t getting enough sleep. It’s easy to see why taking time off to lie around is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance to get away from real-life problems and clear your head before returning to life in a better state of mind,” he added. For the downside, however, he said a long-term need or desire for bed rotting could do harm to one’s physical health. Spending too many daytime hours in bed — awake or not — could destroy sleep schedules. Our brains are fine-tuned for sleep in darkness and alertness in light. Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will worsen sleep schedules — once that happens, it is a challenge to fix. It could also lead to blood pressure problems and obesity (肥胖). Long-term need or desire for bed rotting could also be a warning sign of depression, according to a mental health expert. Dr. Marc Siegel, professor of medicine, agreed that while some downtime can be useful in terms of de-stressing and rejuvenation (更新), too much bed rotting is bad. In addition to increasing the risk of depression, it contributes to decreased motivation (动力) as well. Instead of bed rotting, Siegel recommends regular exercise as a better form of de-stressing. While the occasional lazy day can be beneficial, too much could have the opposite effect. If it happens every day, that’s a fairly sensitive test for depression. Those who lack the motivation to get out of bed could also try calling or texting a family member for support, socializing with close friends, finding a small task to complete, or reaching out to a medical professional for help. 8. According to Dr. Ryan Sultan, why do young people like bed rotting? A. Bed rotting is a way to escape stress. B. Bed rotting helps fix sleep schedules. C. They are unwilling to socialize with friends. D. They are fond of what is popular on social media. 9. What does the word “fine-tuned” underlined in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Quickly-started. B. Well-trained. C. Badly-needed. D. Ill-equipped. 10. What can we learn from the passage? A. Feeling down leads to decreased motivation. B. Sleeping in light can increase the risk of depression. C. Young individuals meet expectations through bed rotting. D. Being lazy from time to time can be good for individuals. 11. What is the passage mainly talking about? A. Different opinions on how to become motivated. B Main causes of the long-term need for bed rotting. C. Practical suggestions for young people to deal with stress. D. Possible problems from lying in bed for extended periods of time. D Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road-map to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more aggressive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100. But don’t ever expect mass emigration (移民) from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming (地球化) Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era (时代). If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s refocus from the science fiction of the far future closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species-ours—holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution (演化), even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 12. Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A. To justify the governments’ policies. B. To criticize scientists’ poor prediction ability. C. To advocate for advancements in tech. D. To highlight the challenges faced by scientists. 13. According to this passage, AI can ________. A. put an end to climate change B. facilitate mass human migration C. speed up the competition in medical fields D. bring about potential threats from big companies 14. As for the future, which of the following will the author agree with? A. Post-humans will echo the history of humans. B. Complex intelligence will dominate the universe. C. Non-biological brains may invite unknown disasters. D. Fully artificial intelligence may inhabit outer space. 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Future of Humanity: Could AI Save Us? B. Change or Die: Will Science Lead Further Evolution? C. Towards a Sustainable Future: What Can We Do? D. Unstoppable Trend: Is Complex Intelligence Coming? 第二节 七选五（共 5 小题，每题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） If you are asked to describe your relationship with your phone, what would you say? ____16____ For those of us who use digital technology with regularity, we will unavoidably think we have overdone it. But are we really addicted to our screens? For the vast majority of users, the answer is no because there’s no formal set of criteria for digital addiction. ____17____ This test was given to around 800 people, using criteria previously adopted in many other studies. The team found that 69% of the participants could be diagnosed with an addiction to spending time with their friends. ____18____ Instead, the team was showing how easy it is to create what appears to be a data-driven measure of an addictive behavior, which actually is a normal part of everyday life. The idea of being addicted to offline friendships is ridiculous, but that is what is happening in the digital technology research literature. We are stuck with researchers combining people’s enjoyment of an activity with the idea that it has the potential to become addictive. ____19____ It is true that we can develop bad relationships with the technology we use, but an emerging line of research says we need to view our relationships with digital technology in terms of habits, not in terms of problematic use. ____20____ Whether they have positive or negative effects on our well-being depends not just on the type of habit, but on the context in which it occurs, how frequently it occurs and what other factors might be contributing to it. Thinking about our technology use in terms of habit offers us a much wider range of options. Rather than getting rid of technology altogether, we can seek our digital experience that promote positive effects while minimizing negative impacts. A. Many of us are likely to develop bad habits. B. Habits, like checking our phones, are neutral. C. For many, the word “addicted” would spring to mind. D. This leads ultimately to the belief that the activity is naturally bad. E. Obviously, the aim wasn’t to fuel a new moral panic about socializing. F. A recent study has revealed evidence that shows positive effects of digital use. G. Back in 2020, a team used standard techniques to do an offline-friend addiction questionnaire. 第三部分 语言运用（共三部分，满分为 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的 A,B,C,D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a ski instructor for children, I work with all sorts of behavior challenges. Kids seem to mask ____21____ less effectively than adults, so it’s ____22____ to see when they are cold, scared, or just not having fun. On one occasion, I was working with a group of ____23____ when one of them started to act out. He began spitting rude remarks and ____24____ instructions. After five years of working in this environment, I recognized that his ____25____ were not being met. Did he deserve ____26____ if he was not being kind himself? Maybe. So, I took him aside and tried a(n)____27____. I showered him with every ounce of ____28____ I could. I reassured (使安心) him and smiled when his skis responded effectively to his movements. I ____29____ him when he fell. As the class weaved through trees, I saw his _____30_____ grow. By the bottom, he was smiling as well. He quietly apologized for being _____31_____ and thanked me for being his teacher. Although this is an oversimplified example of kindness and behavioral psychology I know little about, I learned something that day: Kindness _____32_____. I often think that we are still like kids as adults. We’re just better at _____33_____ our unpleasant feelings. But our inner child needs healing and security. And when someone offers a hug after a long day, souls can be _____34_____. So, whether they _____35_____ it or not, be kind. 21. A. secret B. ability C. disappointment D. discomfort 22. A. important B. easy C. useful D. difficult 23. A. adults B. children C. athletes D. undergraduates 24. A. ignoring B. demanding C. giving D. missing 25. A. standards B. expectations C. needs D. interests 26. A. sympathy B. kindness C. recognition D. attention 27. A. experiment B. instruction C. exercise D. conversation 28. A. security B. passion C. courage D. power 29 A. promised B. questioned C. encouraged D. persuaded 30 A. curiosity B. impatience C. anxiety D. confidence 31. A. shy B. late C. unkind D. stressed 32. A. remains B. occurs C. works D. continues 33. A. accepting B. hiding C. understanding D. expressing 34. A. protected B. cured C. released D. healed 35. A. deserve B. believe C. know D. discover 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 New trend to explore ‘city’ China making waves on social media The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,” ____36____ means “city or not a city,” went viral on social media last week. It was created by a TikTok vlogger @baobaoxiong and his ____37____ (video) using the catchphrase have received millions of views on both TikTok and Douyin. On Saturday, @baobaoxiong posted a video explaining the ____38____ (mean) of this phrase. He said that “city” can ____39____ (simple) mean something very “of the city,” like fashionable, but most importantly it’s a feeling of lively or thrilling. As the summer travel season approached, many people started to use “city不city” to express their feelings about a new place on social media and it became an ____40____ (attract) of China for foreign tourists. Since China announced the 72/144-hour visa-free transit policy last November, it ____41____ (apply) to 54 countries and attracted millions of foreigners coming to explore the “city” of China. According to the National Immigration Administration, ____42____ number of foreigners coming to China recorded a threefold increase in the first quarter of this year. 144-hour visa-free transit and China travel have also become trending topics on TikTok and YouTube. @PASSPORT VISIONZ a TikTok vlogger, came to China with her husband and filmed a series of videos recording their ____43____ (astonish) when they saw the “city” China, which has reached more than seven million views on TikTok and became their most viewed video. Many ____44____ (netizen) who saw those videos expressed their amazement at how “city” China is now and their _____45_____ (willing) to come to China. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分为 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分） 46. 假如你所在的城市正在创建全国文明城市，请写一篇演讲稿，号召全体同学行动起来，为创建文明城市做出自己的贡献。内容包括： 1. 创建文明城市的内容和意义； 2. 我该怎么做。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：文明城市 a civilized city Boys and girls, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was a vet in Yorkshire. One day I received a call from Mrs Tompkin asking me to cut the beak (喙) of her budgie (虎皮鹦鹉). I armed myself with a pair of clippers and stepped onto the narrow strip of pavement which separated the door from the road. A pleasant-looking red-haired woman answered my knock. “I’m Mrs Dodds from next door,” she said. “I keep an eye on the old lady. She’s over eighty and lives alone.” She led me into the cramped little room. “Here’s Mr Herriot coming to see Peter for you,” she said to the old woman who sat in a corner. Mrs Tompkin nodded and smiled, “Oh that’s good. Poor little fella can hardly eat with its long beak and I’m worried about him. He’s my only companion, you know.” “Yes, I understand, Mrs Tompkin.” I looked at the cage by the window with the green budgie perched (栖息) inside. “These little birds can be wonderful company when they start chattering.” She laughed, “Yes, but it’s a funny thing. Peter never has said that much. I think he’s lazy! But I just like having him with me.” “Of course you do,” I said, “but he certainly needs attention now.” The beak was greatly overgrown, curving away down till it touched the feathers of the breast. I would be able to revolutionize his life with one quick snip from my clippers. The way I was feeling this job was right up my street. I opened the cage door and slowly inserted my hand. “Come on, Peter,” I wheedled (哄骗). As I lifted him out, I felt in my pocket with the other hand for the clippers. Then I stopped. The tiny head was no longer poking cheekily from my fingers but had fallen loosely to one side. The eyes were closed. He was dead. Mrs Dodds and I looked at each other in horror. When I turned my head towards Mrs Tompkin, I was surprised to see that she was still nodding and smiling. I drew her neighbor to one side. “Mrs Dodds, how much does she see?” “Oh, she’s very short-sighted but she’s right vain despite her age. Never would she wear glasses. She’s hard of hearing, too.” “Well, look,” I said. My heart was still pounding. “I just don’t know what to do. If I tell her about this, the shock will be terrible. Anything could happen.” Mrs Dodds nodded, stricken-faced. “Yes, you’re right. She’s that attached to the little thing.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I decided to do something for her instead of telling her the truth. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It was a long time before I went to see how Mrs Tompkin got along with the bird I bought for her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$