作文升级：外刊文章分析对比--季节性商业（19）讲义-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

季节性在商业中是很重要的。农业就是显而易见的例子， 旅游业也是。那些看起来不太受季节影响的公司仍然会受到季节的深刻影响。一项分析发现， 随着让人在意起身材的夏日的临近， 与节食瘦身相关的推文在春季达到顶峰。 你写的 Seasonal patterns are important in business. Agriculture is one obvious example, and tourism is another. Firms that are less affected by seasons are still deeply affected by them. An analysis found that as the summer, a time when people are more conscious of their bodies, comes, tweets related to dieting peak in the spring. 外刊的 Seasonality is a big part of business. Agriculture is one obvious example; tourism another. Firms that are less obviously tied to the seasons can still be deeply affected by them. An analysis found that dieting-related tweets peak in the spring, as the summer of body dysmorphia approaches. 句型部分 1.农业就是显而易见的例子， 旅游业也是。 Agriculture is one obvious example, and tourism is another. → Agriculture is one obvious example; tourism another. 省略之承前省 由于前面的 Agriculture is example这个结构与后边的 tourism is another是一个平行结构, 因此后边的 is可以省略。这种写法在英语修辞中叫做承前省， 即省略的部分可以由前方推断出来。看看例句： 。 (他的丈夫被流放， 她也一起被流放了。) Her husband was banished, and she was banished with him. → Her husband was banished, and she with him. 。 (真理不用着色， 美丽无需渲染。) Truth needs no colour; beauty needs no pencil. → Truth needs no colour; beauty no pencil. 。 (二十立志， 三十有智， 四十有识。) 2.At 20 years of age the will reigns; at 30 the wit reigns; at 40 the judgment reigns. → At 20 years of age the will reigns; at 30 the wit; at 40 the judgment. 分号连接并列句 学生习作使用 and连接两个并列句， 外刊原文使用的是分号。使用分号的好处是， 省略掉并列连词后， 能使结构看起来更对称和清晰： Bill is one of the most capable students; his records are among the best in our class. (比尔是最能干学生中的一个； 他的成绩是我们班上最好的。) 当然， 即使不省略 and， 也是可以使用分号的。因为分号本身比起逗号有加强语气的作用： Bill is one of the most capable students; and his records are among the best in our class. 使用分号需要注意的是 ①它只能代替 and， 但不能代替 or but等等。 ②分号后边的单句句首不需要大写。 分号还可以连接三个或以上的并列结构。例如： She saw three men: Jamie, who came from New Zealand; John, the milkman's son; and George, a gaunt kind of man. (她看到了三个男人： 杰米， 来自新西兰； 约翰， 挤奶工的儿子；乔治， 一个憔悴的男人。) 3.一项分析发现， 随着让人在意起身材的夏日的临近， 与节食瘦身相关的推文在春季达到顶峰。 .An analysis found that as the summer, a time when people are more conscious of their bodies, comes, tweets related to dieting peak in the spring. → An analysis found that dieting-related tweets peak in the spring, as the summer of body dysmorphia approaches. 状语从句的位置 大多数状语从句的位置都很灵活， 可以放在主句前， 也可以放在主句后。它们有什么区别呢? 当主句是需要强调的内容时， 我们往往把主句提前。例如： 。 Don't talk so loud while( as) others are working. (这句话的主要意图是声明请勿大声说话。) 。 It was raining when we arrived. (这句话的主要意图是描述当时的天气情况。) 原文也一样， 主要信息是“推文达到顶峰”， 况且前面还有 An analysis found that, 因此接续研究发现的内容会更顺畅。 在两个一模一样的句子中， 状语从句的位置不同时， 意思也会有一点点微妙的不同。对比： 。 When you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.(侧重于强调从句, 特别是a second time, 想表达的是“读诗应该不止读一次。”) 。 The meaning will become clearer to you when you read the poem a second time. (侧重于强调主句， 特别是 clearer，想表达的是“如果你读第一次时觉得一知半解也没关系， 之后会进步的。”) 措辞部分 1.季节性在商业中是很重要的。 Seasonal patterns are important in business. →Seasonality is a big part of business. 季节性 seasonal patterns ⇔ seasonality 两种表达都可以用。关于“……性”这类词汇， 常常可以使用-ity后缀的词去表达。例如： 。 (我怀疑这个计划的可行性。) I doubt the feasibility of the plan. 。 (如果看到什么好的东西， 用笔记下来， 根据优先性列一份清单。) If you see something good, write it down and add it to a list, ranked by priority. 。 (这样一来， 也许面对死亡的必然性时还是能有些安慰的。) 2. So perhaps there's some comfort in the inevitability of death. 很重要的 important → a big part 就描述的段位来说， 实物名词用得好的话， 是远远优越于形容词的。原文中的a big part给人一种饼图与占比的感觉，看起来就比 important直观许多。来看看其他例子： 。 (她美得闪闪发光。) She's sparklingly beautiful. → She's a crystal. 。 (她与同事和下属都处不来。) She is short-tempered with colleagues or employees. → She is a hedgehog to her colleagues or employees.( hedgehog刺猬) 3.那些看起来不太受季节影响的公司仍然会受到季节的深刻影响。 Firms that are less affected by seasons are still deeply affected by them. → Firms that are less obviously tied to the seasons can still be deeply affected by them. 不太受季节影响的 are less affected by seasons → are less obviously tied to the seasons 学生习作的写法, 会与句子后边的 be deeply affected形成重复， 出现两个 affect，稍显累赘。因此外刊作者换了也能够表达近似意思的词组 be tied to， 它表示与…紧密相关，例如: Pay increases are tied to inflation.(工资的提高与通货膨胀紧密相关。) 这里再给一个使用近义替换避免重复的例子： 4.(孩子们现在总是沉迷于电视节目。如何防止孩子沉迷电视此是家庭教育的重要课题。) Kids are always addicted to TV programs now. How to prevent kids from getting addicted to the TV is an important issue in home education. → Kids are always addicted to TV programs now. How to keep children away from the screen is an important issue in home education. 随着让人在意起身材的夏日的临近 as the summer, a time when people are more conscious of their bodies, comes → as the summer of body dysmorphia approaches 让人在意起身材的夏日 a time when people are more conscious of their bodies → the summer of body dysmorphia 学生习作使用的是前方 summer的一个同位语a time， 后边再跟着一个 when-定语从句， 表达“当人们在意起身材的时节”这个意思。 而外刊原文写得非常简洁。 dysmorphia [dɪsˈmɔːfɪə]是一个医学术语， 表示“躯体变形障碍”。它指患者过度关注自己的体像， 并对自身体貌缺陷进行夸张或臆想。 一些病症会以-ia词根结尾。例如： anorexia [ˌænə'reksɪə]厌食症 dementia[dɪ'menʃə]老年痴呆 dyslexia[dɪsˈleksɪə]阅读障碍 the summer of……这种结构可以理解为“一直做某种事的夏天”, 因此 the summer of body dysmorphia可以理解为“一直关注自己身材的夏日”。再看看几个类似的例子： 。 the spring of hope (充满希望的春天) 。 the autumn of heartbreak (失恋之秋) 。 the winter of discontent (这来源于莎士比亚在《理查三世》中的一句台词， 表示一段工资冻结、通货膨胀和工人罢工等引发的社会不安和政治动荡的时期。) 。 the land of opportunity (这在过去常用来形容移民时期的美国纽约等充满机遇的地方) 临近 comes ⇔ approaches 两个表达都可以用, 或者 comes改成 comes near会更好一些。 approach本意是“达成某种目的的路径”， 约等于 way。因此它作名词时是“方法”的意思， 作动词则是“靠近”的意思。 值得注意的是, approach既是一个不及物动词( sth. approaches)也是一个及物动词 ( approach sth.), 而 come是个不及物动词。因此在有宾语的情况下， 它们交换使用时需要有一些改动。看看下面的例子： 。 (船慢慢向岸边靠近。) The ship slowly approached the shore. → The ship slowly came to the shore. 。 (当讨论敏感话题时， 他总是很小心。) He's always careful when he approaches a sensitive subject. → He's always careful when coming to a sensitive subject. 5.与节食瘦身相关的推文在春季达到顶峰。 tweets related to dieting peak in the spring. → dieting-related tweets peak in the spring 与节食瘦身相关的推文 tweets related to dieting → dieting-related tweets 学生习作使用的是 ed分词作后置定语的结构， 与a door locked(锁上的门), a book written last year(去年写的书)这类表达是同样的结构。 外刊作者使用的是复合形容词， 显得更加简洁。复合形容词的构成形式有很多种， 这是其中一种构成形式：名词(含动名词)+过去分词。再看看几个例子： a sun-baked dessert 烈日炙烤的沙漠 a candle-lit table 一张点着蜡烛的桌子 a snow-covered mountain 覆盖着雪的山峰 a heart-shaped cake 心形的蛋糕 a diamond-studded bracelet 镶有钻石的手镯 总结 词汇 pattern['pætərn]n.模式 seasonality[ˌsiːzə'næləti] n.季节性 agriculture['ægrɪˌkʌltʃər]n.农业 tourism['tʊərɪzəm]n.旅游业 affect[ə'fεkt]v.影响 be tied to 与……紧密相关 analysis[əˈnæləsɪs]n.分析 be conscious of意识到 tweet[twiːt]n.推文 peak[piːk]v.达到顶峰 dysmorphia[dɪs'mɔːrfiə]n.躯体变形障碍approach[ə'proʊtʃ]v.靠近 复习 季节性在商业中是很重要的。农业就是显而易见的例子， 旅游业也是。那些看起来不太受季节影响的公司仍然会受到季节的深刻影响。一项分析发现， 随着让人在意起身材的夏日的临近，与节食瘦身相关的推文在春季达到顶峰。 Seasonality is a big part of business. Agriculture is one obvious example; tourism another. Firms that are less obviously tied to the seasons can still be deeply affected by them. An analysis found that dieting-related tweets peak in the spring, as the summer of body dysmorphia approaches. 文章来源:《经济学人》— Bartleby板块 文章标题: Companies run to their own annual rhythms 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$