Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 课时3 语法 (课件PPT)-【宝典训练】2024-2025学年八年级上册英语高效课堂(沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）)

Unit 1　Encyclopaedias 课时3 语法 目 录 01 课时精讲 02 课时过关 01 课时精讲 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 语法精讲 　　限定词some; any 限定词指的是在名词词组中，对中心词起特指、类指或者表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词；常见的限定词可分为4类：冠词(a，an，the)、形容词性物主代词、指示代词和数量词等。这一章节中，我们将学习限定词中数量词some和any的用法。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 用法 some any some和any 的基本用法 some和any都可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词 I have some books. 我有一些书。 I need some water. 我需要一些水。 Do you have any magazines? 你有一些杂志吗？ 1．I _______________ money. 我没有钱。 don't have any 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 用法 some any some 和 any 的 区别 some常用在肯定句中，表示“一些”。 My brother has some toys. 我弟弟有一些玩具。 any用在否定句和疑问句中。 My brother doesn't have any toys. 我弟弟没有任何玩具。 2．_____ your brother__________ toys? 你弟弟有玩具吗？ Does have any 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 用法 some any some和any的特殊用法 some用在疑问句中时，表示建议、请求或期望得到肯定回答。 3．Would you____________ tea? 你想要一些茶吗？ What about some apple juice? 来一些苹果汁怎么样？ any用在肯定句中时，起强调作用，表示“任何一个”，常用于“any ＋ 单数名词”结构中。 Any student can answer this question. 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。 like some 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 用法 some any some 和 any 的其他用法 some other ＋ 复数名词， 用于肯定句中，表示“其他一些的”。 4．____________________ will go there by bus. 其他一些学生会乘公共汽车到那里。 “some ＋ 单数名词”表示“某一”。 I hope to go there some day. 我希望有一天能去那里。 some more表示“一些更多的”。 Can you give me some more coffee? 你能再给我一些咖啡吗？ any other ＋ 复数名词，用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“其他一些的”。 Do you have any other questions? 你还有其他什么问题吗？ “any other ＋ 单数名词”用于肯定句中，表示“其他任何……”。 5．He is taller than__________ boy in his class. 他比班里的其他任何男孩都高。 Some other students any other 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 　由some, any, no构成的复合不定代词 不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。常见的不定代词有all，each，both，none，one，either，neither，other，another，much，many，(a) little，(a) few, 以及由some，any，no构成的复合不定代词。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 注意：所有复合不定代词都是一个词，只有no one是两个词。 someone somebody something somewhere anyone anybody anything anywhere no one nobody nothing nowhere everyone everybody everything everywhere 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 【解析1】somebody; someone; something 【讲解1】somebody, someone, something用于肯定句中。 someone ＝ somebody某人； something某事/某物 【讲解2】something可用于提建议或请求的问句中，希望得到肯定回答。 Would you like something to eat? 你要吃点东西吗？ 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 【解析2】anybody; anyone; anything 【讲解1】anybody, anyone, anything用于否定句和疑问句中。 anyone ＝ anybody任何人； anything任何事/物 【讲解2】anyone用于肯定句中， 表示任何人。 Anyone can ask me questions. 任何人都可以向我提问。 【讲解3】anything 用于肯定句中， 表示任何事、物。 Anything will happen if we are not careful. 如果我们不小心，任何事都会发生。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 【解析3】nobody; no one; nothing 【讲解1】nobody ＝ no one ＝ not…anybody没有一个人。 I saw nobody/on one. ＝ I didn't see anybody. 我一个人也没看见。 【讲解2】nothing ＝ not…anything 什么也没有(指事)。 I heard nothing. ＝ I didn't hear anything. 我什么也没听见。 【讲解3】no one ＝ none 一个人也没有(但none强调没有人或物)。 No one can help you. 没人能帮你。 －How many sheep do you have? 你有多少只羊？ －None. 一只也没有。 注意：回答“How many…？”时，只能用none，不能用no one。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 【解析4】复合不定代词的主要考点 【讲解1】复合不定代词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Nobody knows his name. 没有人知道他的名字。 Someone wants to see you. 有人要见你。 【讲解2】不定代词 ＋ 形容词(形容词要后置)。 There is nothing serious. 没什么严重的。 There is something important in the newspaper.报纸上有重要的事。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 【讲解3】have something to do有事要做。 I'm sorry, but I have something to do. 对不起，但我有事要做。 【讲解4】There is something wrong with… 某人/物出问题了。 There is something wrong with my bike. So I go there by bus. 我的自行车出问题了。所以我坐公共汽车去那里。 【讲解5】There is nothing wrong with… 某人/物没问题。 There is nothing wrong with your ears. 你的耳朵没问题。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 02 课时过关 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 　　单项选择。 (　　)1．(2022·辽宁模拟)There isn't ________ water in the glass. Let's go and get ________． A．any; any 　　　　 B．some; some　　　　 C．any; some C 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 (　　)2．－Do you have ________ books about music? －No, but I have ________ about travel and sports. A．any; any B．any; some C．some; any B 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 (　　)3．(2021·河北模拟)There isn't ______ bread in the basket. Would you like to have more? A．any B．some C．many A 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 (　　)4．________ students planted trees. ________ carried water and watered the new trees. A．Some; Other B．Some; Others C．Some; The other B 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 (　　)5．－There isn't ________ water here. Could you get ________ for me? －All right. A．any; some B．any; any C．some; any A 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 　 请用适当的不定代词填空。 1．－Hurry up, Jack.The train is coming. －Wait a moment, please! Let me see if there is _________ else left. 2．The poor blind man can't go __________ without his dog. 3．I want to buy ___________ else.Let's get on the bus and go to the market. 4．－What did you do today? －I did _______ because I got hurt in the 100-metre race. 5．Time for class. Is____________________ here? anything anywhere something nothing everyone/everybody 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 　　 按要求完成下列句子。 1．There is not anybody in the library.(改为同义句) There is______ in the library. 2．Is there anything in the box？(作否定回答) ___， there is_______ in the box. 3．We can see some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句) ____ you see___ birds in the tree? nobody No nothing Can any 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 4．Mr Chen didn't say anything at the meeting.(改为同义句) Mr Chen_____ ________ at the meeting. 5．There are some flowers on the teacher's desk.(改为否定句) There________ ____ flowers on the teacher's desk. said nothing aren't any 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 　　语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填在相应的答题位置上。 Early in the 1._________ (fifteen) century during the Ming Dynasty, the Yongle Emperor Zhu Di decided 2._________ (create) a great encyclopedia. It was 3. ____ huge job for the scholars to collect and copy thousands of texts from all over China. 4.______(they) work was finished in 1408. This amazing 5.__________ (collect) was called Yongle Dadian. It was made up 6.__ 22，937 rolls in 11，095 volumes (卷), and it was one of the 7.________ (early) encyclopedias that had ever been made. fifteenth to create a Their collection of earliest 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 8.__________________ printing techniques (技术) were already quite advanced (先进的) at that time, Yongle Dadian was never printed because of its length. 9.______ the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the original work was lost. Nobody knows what 10.__________(happen) to it. Though/Although After happened 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 本节内容到此结束！ $$