Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 课时1 词汇 (课件PPT)-【宝典训练】2024-2025学年八年级上册英语高效课堂(沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）)

Unit 1　Encyclopaedias 课时1 词汇 目 录 01 学习内容与目标 02 课时精讲 03 课时过关 学习内容与目标 01 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 话题 Encyclopaedias 百科全书 功能 能够谈论《百科全书》中自己感兴趣的信息 单词 名词 encyclopaedia(百科全书)　dinosaur　inventor　musician　scientist　countryside intelligence　ability　invention　fossil(化石)　Italian(意大利人)　notebook 动词 born (bear的过去分词)　win　include 形容词 artistic　human 副词 even　perhaps　suddenly　however 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 单词 专有 名词 Leonardo da Vinci　　the Mona Lisa　　Sunflowers　　Impression　Sunrise 派生词 music [n.]－musician [n.]－musical [adj.] science [n.]－scientist [n.]－scientific [adj.] art [n.]－artist [n.]－artistic [adj.] intelligent [adj.]－intelligence [n.] invent [v.]－inventor [n.]－invention [n.] able [adj.]－unable [adj.]－disabled [adj.]－ability [n.] include [v.]－including [prep.]　Italy [n.]－Italian [adj.& n.] sudden [adj.]－suddenly [adv.] win [v.]－winner [n.] 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 短语 be born 出生　 in the countryside 在乡村　 from an early age 从很小的时候开始 human being 人 die out 灭绝 find out 弄清 by the window 在窗边 go for a walk 散步 reference books 工具书 be published 被出版 in the newspaper 在报纸上 since then 从那时起 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 句型 1．“sb. was/were born ＋ 表示时间/地点的短语”表示“某人在某时/某地出生”。 Peter was born in Shenzhen on August 12, 2012. 2．“as ＋ 形容词/副词原级 ＋ as”表示“……和……一样”。 Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. 语法 some 和 any 的用法 some 和 any 构成的复合不定代词 如：something, anything等的 用法 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 牛津 B本 单词及 短语 create v. 创造　　record n．/v. 记录　　volume n. 册，卷　　advanced adj. 先进的 destroy v. 摧毁 bury v. 埋葬 exist v. 存在 preserve v. 保存 emperor n. 君王 literature n. 文学 scholar n. 学者 length n. 长度 the Ming Dynasty 明朝　　 printing techniques 印刷技术 original work 原作 manuscript copy 手写本　　 scattered in 散落于 注：加粗字体内容为四会知识 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 02 课时精讲 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 重点词汇学习。 1．inventor n. 发明家 (1)Edison was a great inventor. 爱迪生是一名伟大的发明家。 (2)invent v. 发明；创造。通常指发明、创造出来以前没有的东西。 They want to invent a new kind of car to protect the environment. 他们想要发明一种新型的可以保护环境的小汽车。 (3)invention n．发明 Leonardo da Vinci invented many inventions during his life. 莱奥纳多·达·芬奇一生发明了很多发明。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 用invent的适当形式填空。 (4)Who ________ the first telephone? (5)Cai Lun was one of the greatest _________ in history. (6)Thanks to these __________，we can live a more convenient life now. invented inventors inventions 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 【辨析】invent, find, discover invent 是指创造前所未有的事物，故作“发明”解；find(偶然)遇到，碰到，发现；discover是指发现本来已存在但以前未被发现的事物，故作“发现”解。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 用invent、find和discover的适当形式填空。 (7)I want to______ a time machine to live in the Tang Dynasty. (8)I'm looking for my pen but I can't ____ it. (9)Columbus_________________ America in 1492. invent find discovered/found 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 2．born v. 出生(bear的过去分词) (1)be born ＝ come out of one's mother's body 出生 其后可接地点或时间状语。接地点名词时用介词in或at，接时间名词时用介词on或in(具体某一天用on；表示出生于某年/某月用in) I was born in 2005. 我出生于2005年。 (2)born adj. 天生的 Susan is a born dancer. 苏珊是个天生的舞蹈家。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 (3)He___________ May 10, 1980. 他出生于1980年5月10日。 (4)你什么时候出生的？(翻译)_____________________ was born on When were you born？ 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 3．ability n. 才能，能力(复数是abilities) (1)have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 I have the ability to persuade her to work with us. 我有能力说服她和我们一起干活。 (2)able adj. 有能力的；能干的 be able to do sth. ＝ can do sth. 能够做某事 When will I be able to see more clearly? 我什么时候能看得更清楚些？ 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 用ability的适当形式填空。 (3)He has the_______ to finish the work by himself. (4)Jackson is____ to dance very well, and many young people love him very much. (5)He has listening, speaking, reading, and writing_________. ability able abilities 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 4．Italian n. 意大利人 (1)Is she a Spanish or an Italian? 她是西班牙人还是意大利人？ (2)Italian n．意大利语 The guide knows a little Italian. 该导游懂一点儿意大利语。 (3)Italian adj. 意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的；意大利文化的 I watch Italian football a lot. 我经常看意大利足球。 (4)Italy n．意大利 Leonardo da Vinci was from Italy. 列奥纳多·达·芬奇来自意大利。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 你能完成下列表格吗？ Country 国家 People 该国的人 Language 该国语言 ______ Italian ________ Russia ________ ________ Germany _______ _______ Italy Italian Russian Russian German German 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 Country 国家 People 该国的人 Language 该国语言 ______ Japanese _________ ______ ________ Chinese England ___________________________________ ________ _______ _________________________________ French Japan Japanese China Chinese English/Englishman/Englishwoman English France French/Frenchman/Frenchwoman 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 5．include v. 包括；包含；计入 (1)第三人称单数：includes；过去式：included；过去分词：included；现在分词：including The price of the room includes breakfast. 房间的价格包括早餐在内。 (2)including prep. 包含；包括 They have many pets, including three cats. 他们有很多宠物，包括三只猫。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 【辨析】include, including ◆include为及物动词，前面要有主语；include sth. 包括某事在内。 ◆including是介词，不是动词；一般用在逗号后面或者冒号前面，后面可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，构成介宾短语。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 用include的适当形式填空。 (3)The medical team has ten people，_________ four nurses. (4)The price__________________ both house and furniture. (5)The band played many songs，_________ some of my favourites. including includes/included including 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 6．intelligence n．智慧；才智，为不可数名词。 (1)From an early age, he showed intelligence and artistic ability. 他从小就表现出他的智慧和艺术才能。 (2)intelligent adj. 聪明的；悟性强的；有智慧的 Susan is a very bright and intelligent woman. 苏珊是一个非常聪明的女子。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 用intelligent的适当形式填空。 (3)This work needs ____________ and experience(经验). (4)Little Tom is___________ and knows a lot about history. intelligence intelligent 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 7．win v. 赢；获胜 (1)过去式：won；过去分词：won；现在分词：winning；第三人称单数：wins Mary won the first place in the competition. 玛丽在竞赛中获得第一名。 (2)beat v. 赢；战胜(同义词)　 过去式：beat；过去分词：beaten；现在分词：beating；第三人称单数：beats I beat John at chess yesterday. 昨天我和约翰下棋并赢了他。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 【辨析】 win，beat ◆win意为“赢，获胜，得到成功”。作为及物动词时，其后的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等。 ◆beat意为“赢，取胜，战胜；敲打，(心脏)跳动”。其后的宾语是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。beat sb. ＝ win against sb. 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 用beat和win的适当形式填空。 (3)The man_________ a big prize in the game. (4)When you____ the drum, you feel good. (5)In yesterday's games, Switzerland____ the United States by two to one. (6)He is sure he________ the English speech contest (演讲比赛) next week. won/wins beat beat will win 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 8．musician n．音乐家 (1)He wants to be a musician in the future. 将来他想成为一名音乐家。 (2)music n. 音乐 He likes music. 他喜欢音乐。 (3)musical n. 音乐剧、音乐片 The mother found that her son had a musical talent. 这位母亲发现她的儿子有音乐天赋。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 用music的适当形式填空。 (4)We want some_________ to teach us music in our school. (5)A _______ bell softly sounded somewhere in the passageway (走廊)． (6)If you feel tired and bored, just listen to some_____． musicians musical music 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 9．suddenly adv. 突然；忽然 (1)I suddenly remembered that I hadn't locked the door.我突然记起我没有锁门。 (2)sudden adj. 突然的；出乎意料的 His sudden death made everybody quite sad. 他的突然去世使大家深感悲伤。 (3)sudden n. 突然发生的事，all of a sudden ＝ suddenly The boy began crying all of a sudden. 那男孩忽然哭了起来。 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 用sudden的适当形式填空。 (4)_________，the bus ran off the road and hit a tree. (5)Everyone got wet in the_________ rain because no one brought an umbrella. (6)The boy fell off his bike all of a ______ and was badly hurt. Suddenly sudden sudden 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 03 课时过关 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 　　词性转换。　　 1．music→(表示职业的名词)________ 2．intelligent→(名词)____________ 3．science→(表示职业的名词)_________ →(形容词)__________ 4．art→(表示职业的名词)______ →(形容词)________ 5．invent→(名词)________ 或_________ 6．able→(名词)_______ →(名词复数)_________ 7．include→(介词)_________ 8．sudden→(副词)________ musician intelligence scientist scientific artist artistic inventor invention ability abilities including suddenly 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 　　根据题意和括号内的提示语，完成下列句子。 1．I was____ (出生) in a small village. 2．I'm planning to spend some time in the beautiful___________ (乡村). I love nature. 3．He has the_______ (能力) to learn English well, but he is lazy. 4．________ (也许) I'll see him tomorrow, but I'm not sure. born countryside ability Perhaps 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 5．Mary's hobbies _______ (包含) swimming and singing. 6．_____ (甚至) a child can understand it. 7．My house is small.________ (然而)，it's very comfortable. 8．_________ (突然), there was a loud noise. 9．I opened the door, but I could see________ (没有人)． 10．I think the computer is one of the most useful__________ (发明)． include Even However Suddenly nobody inventions 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 　　完形填空。 (2024·沈阳四十三中)Dandelions (蒲公英) bloom as the weather warms up. A place full of golden dandelions in bloom is a beautiful sight in 1 . Later, these flowers will turn into white globes (球状物) of seeds. (　　)1．A．spring　 B．summer C．autumn　 D．winter A 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 Dandelion seeds are dispersed (传播) by the wind.However, some dandelions don't need to 2 the wind.As dandelion flowers turn into seeds, children rush to 3 them.They close their eyes, make a 4 and blow the seeds into the air.They all feel 5 whenever they do so. 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 (　　)2．A．put into B．wait for C．turn into D．take in (　　)3．A．change B．pick C．blow D．break (　　)4．A．face B．wish C．seed D．wind (　　)5．A．happy B．sorry C．sad D．strange B B B A 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 Many people believe that dandelion seeds will carry their thoughts and dreams to their loved ones.Others believe that dandelions may be able to tell a person if he or she is loved.According to the legend (传说), if you can blow all of the seeds of a dandelion off with only one 6 ，your dream will come true. (　　)6．A．dream B．legend C．wish D．breath D 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 No one knows if these beliefs are 7 ， but blowing a dandelion's seeds into the air does help the plant 8 . If the seeds fall on fertile (肥沃的) soil, they're likely to take 9 there. (　　)7．A．funny B．true C．good D．cheap (　　)8．A．grow B．die C．fly D．land (　　)9．A．flower B．branch C．fruit D．root B A D 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 The yellow flowers of dandelions are so beautiful.People have grown and used dandelions for thousands of years.Every part of the plant has a special 10 . Dandelions' flowers, leaves and roots can be used for food, medicine and even dye (染料)． (　　)10．A．meaning B．idea C．use D．way C 第 ‹#› 页 课时1 词汇 返回目录 本节内容到此结束！ $$