精品解析：甘肃省会宁县第四中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试卷

会宁四中2024—2025学年度第一学期高二级第一次月考 英语试卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 注意事项：英语听力共两节，20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分。 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the matter with the man? A. He eats a lot. B. He sleeps too much. C. He has a stomachache. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman good at? A. Grammar. B. Listening. C. Speaking. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where was Dennis going? A. An office. B. A supermarket. C. A bank. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman go shopping? A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does Jimmy do now? A. A teacher. B. A translator. C. A writer. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、BC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. How did the man go home last night? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus. 7. What was the man probably going to do? A. Buy a book. B. Borrow a book. C. Copy the book. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. From which city is the telephone call being made? A. San Francisco. B. Los Angeles. C. Dover. 9. What will they probably do before long? A. They will visit the town together. B. They will go to San Francisco together. C. They will have a get-together. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What is the new equipment mainly used for? A. Listening to music. B. Recording music. C. Seeing pictures. 11. What should you do if you want to listen to music with the machine? A. Wear something. B. Stay within its range. C. Face with the machine. 12. Why does the woman probably like the new equipment? A. It’s easy to operate. B. It’s great for long car rides. C. It can make her ears comfortable. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where are the speakers talking? A. At the police station. B At home. C. In their car. 14. What were the roads like in the morning? A. Empty. B. Crowded. C. Wet. 15. What happened in front of the woman this morning? A. A child fell down. B. A car braked hard. C. An accident happened. 16. What is the other reason why the woman drives slowly? A. The road is too crowded. B. Kids may appear on the road. C. A police car is following them. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Who is the first product sold to? A. Some parents. B. Some children. C. Some teachers. 18. What is Mr. H? A. A personal robot. B. A smartphone. C. A remote control. 19. How much should people pay for a Mr H today? A. $199. B. $369. C. $499. 20. What does a watch control can help you do? A. Repair your TV. B. Organize your homework. C. Forecast the weather. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) A Movies to Enjoy Eating Animals The 2018 documentary Eating Animals, based on the book by Jonathan Safran Foer published in 2009, tells us that factory farming is bad, and that most Americans don’t realize just how bad. Still, this isn’t a feel-guilty film. There’s plenty of hope as director Christopher Quinn shows farmers who are still using practices that do not, for example, force chickens to live their short lives in a dark building while covered in their own poop (大便). Will the film cause you to go vegan (素食主义者)? Eh, burgers are really tasty. But it will make you think about what it is that you’re putting in your mouth and maybe inspire you to head for the farmers’ market to see what a chicken that lived a happy life tastes like. Landmark’s E Street Cinema, 555 11th St. NW, Washington, D. C.; opens on Oct. 15 (Mon.), $10-$12.50. Landmark Bethesda Row Cinema, 7235 Woodmont Ave. Bethesda, MD.; opens on Oct. 15(Mon.), $9.50-$12.50. The Last Tightrope Dancer in Armenia Sometimes it’s enjoyable to see what everyone else has been seeing. It helps with dinner party conversation. Sometimes, though, it’s fun to see something really different. The Last Tightrope Dancer in Armenia is a 2009 documentary about the only two surviving performers of Armenian tightrope dancing, 76 and 77 at the time of the film, and their desperate efforts to pass on the traditional art form to the only student of tightrope dancing left in the land, a 16- year-old orphan boy. Library of Congress, Mary Pickford Theater, 101 Independence Ave. SE, Washington D.C.; Oct. 15 (Mon.),8p.m., free. Family Movie Series The Old Greenbelt Theatre is here to help quiet the endless “ I’m bored “ at the weekend. Every Sunday at l p.m., you can take the kids to see a family-friendly film for free, including Despicable Me 3 and Paddington 2. Just have fun! The Old Greenbelt Theatre, 129 Centerway, Greenbelt, MD.;Sundays through Dec.30,1p.m.,free. 21. Which statement about Eating Animals is TRUE? A. It’s directed by Jonathan Safran Foer. B. It’s a feel-guilty story about the bad factory farming. C. It may cause many more Americans to go vegan. D. It can help raise people’s awareness of food. 22. What could someone who wants to enjoy a film for free on October 15 choose? A. Eating Animals. B. The Last Tightrope Dancer in Armenia. C. Despicable Me 3. D. Paddington 2. 23. Where should she go if a woman wants to spend a happy weekend with her children? A. Landmark Bethesda Row Cinema B. Library of Congress, Mary Pickford Theater. C. 555 11th St. NW,Washington, D.C. D. 129 Centerway, Greenbelt, MD. B Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on the brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all those amazing powers of music. A recent study suggests that preterm (早产的) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music. Experts led by Dr Manoj Kumar of the University of Alberta, Canada, found that music had a beneficial effect on reducing pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical tests. It also appeared to benefit full-term babies during operations. Many people experiencing brain damage have speech and movement-related problems. Music can help recover from brain injuries. As a different and effective treatment, doctors often advise such patients to listen to good music to improve the parts of the brain responsible for these two functions. When people with neurological (神经的) disorders hear a musical beat, it helps them to regain a balanced walk. Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can stave off the loss of hearing. There was an experiment involving 163 people where 74 were musicians. Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non﹣musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70﹣year﹣old musician hears better than a 50﹣year﹣old non﹣musician, even in a noisy environment. Besides, music mends a broken heart. It is not about a thrown﹣away love, but about a heart attack. The matter is that music can help people recover from a heart attack or heart operation by reducing blood pressure, slowing down the heartbeat rate, and reducing anxiety. Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood, and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular (心血管的) system. 24. How does music affect preterm babies？ A. It helps reduce their pain. B. It helps develop their potential in music. C. It helps improve their hearing systems. D. It helps repair their neurological systems. 25 What does the underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A. Lead to. B. Increase. C. Prevent. D. Break into. 26. Why can music mend a broken heart？ A. It has a positive effect on human body systems’ work. B. It can help people prevent diseases caused by anxiety. C. It helps make a person feel optimistic about life. D. It can help patients recover in a slow way. 27. What may be the best title for the text？ A. Who Can Benefit from Music B. The Best Time to Listen to Music C. The Way to Choose Quality Music D. How Music Affects Our Mind and Body C Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities. While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche （心理）, the research finds that personality traits （特征） are “contagious”（传染的） among children. “Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can't be changed,” said Dr. Jennifer Neal, co-author of the study. The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes fora full school year. One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds, and the other a set of four-year-olds. Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize. The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits. A 2015psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person “like a disease”. The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them. The researchers questioned 6,000 people on the social “climate” in their workplaces, which included offices, hotels and restaurants. They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year. And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way. Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite toa company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise. Dr Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment. She said better training could help to fight against the problem. 28. What does the underlined part “flies in the face of” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Leads to. B. Results from. C. Goes against. D. Agrees with. 29. Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace? A. Ignoring the faults of co-workers. B. Not sending emails to workmates. C. Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses. D. Not inviting a colleague to a company party. 30. What is the passage mainly about? A. One's personality is hard to change. B. One's personality is shaped by genes. C. One's personality traits can spread to others. D. One's personality traits can change overnight. 31. This passage is most probably taken from ________. A. a science journal B. a study guide C. a school textbook D. a science fiction D A University College London study looked at car use to conclude that cities have to become car-free to survive. Simply put, if we don't reduce the number of cars in our cities then they will just completely clog up and stop moving. The study notes the number of cars is actually increasing faster than that of people. In 2019, 80 million cars were built while the population increased by 78 million. And the mass production of those cars was responsible for 4% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (排放) ,which is bigger than aviation (航空) and that's before you even fuel them up. The study authors construct a mathematical model, and residents choose driving their car or taking public transport on the basis of the time it takes to do the trip. “All individuals decide their commuting (通勤) mode trying to reduce their costs, but the result is the overall worst-case situation, where the average commuting time is longer and all people decide to use their car.” write the authors of the study. Besides, policymakers tend to construct even more car infrastructure (基础设施) and invest even more in private cars, which then encourages more private vehicle use and results in even more traffic jams. Possible solutions have to be actively encouraged, with more travel options, plus local shops and services. Also increasing the costs could be achieved by reducing the space devoted to cars, with more public transport lanes, wider sidewalks, and pedestrian roads, for example. Dr. Humberto one author of the study said: “If our goal is to have more liveable and developed cities then we must take part of this land and give it to other modes of transportation: walking, cycling and public transport. 32. Which of the following can replace the underlined words “clog up”? A. Turn down. B. Break down. C. Make troubles. D. Get stuck. 33. What can we infer from the numbers in Paragraph 2? A. The number of cars is larger than population. B. Car production creates more CO2 than aviation. C. CO2 emission is largely affected by car production. D. Global CO2 emission is more serious than expected. 34. What result do study authors get from their model? A. It is hard for people to keep a balance. B. It takes more time to drive cars to work. C. More cars can be used to save time. D. Driving cars can keep the cost down. 35. What can be a possible way to reduce car use? A. Building parking lots. B. Saving land for cars. C. Producing less cars. D. Riding a bus to work. 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空自处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Today is a wonderful day to think about the year going by, the success you achieved, the things that did not go so well and the things you want to do. To help you make this year your beat ever, take a few moments to think about these 5 suggestions. ___36___ Have a clear vision of what you want to achieve and make a plan. Imagine what you want to finish. See it in your mind. Write down your goals, and never doubt that you will be successful. Find the positive factor.___37___ and stay away from the dream stealers who would bring you down. Be enthusiastic. Show lots of interest in everything. Be active in everything you do. ___38___ Let the world see and hear your enthusiasm. Spend quality time. ___39___ Rise early; spend some quality time on your work of reading. Value not only the time you spend by your self, but also the time you spend with your beloved ones. Say thank-you to the people who have helped you. Call up a friend or beloved one and tell him/ her how much he/ she means to you. Show people you appreciate and care about them. ___40___. Remember people sometimes forget what you said to them or did for them, but they never forgot how you make them feel in their hearts. A. Trust in the power of attraction. B. Life is so short, so make full use of every day. C. Acts of appreciation cost nothing but mean everything. D. Have a plan for your action. E. Let it show in your body language, your smile and your voice. F. Surround yourself with loving and supportive people. G. Make a decision to improve your life. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Three years ago, I participated in Model United Nations (MUN) held by the Education Department, which was a mock (模拟的) UN activity. During the two days, students are separated in different groups which ___41___ different countries to debate and try to solve problems. MUN has ___42___ awards: best delegates (代表), honorary mentions, and verbal mentions. Each time I participate in MUN, I made good ___43___ and undoubtedly got a few awards. But I often felt as if I’d ___44___ because I had never won the best delegate award. I ___45___ those who didn’t deserve to win the award but won it various times, and I was just filled with ___46___ at their success. But later I realized that it was also ___47___ not to get the award because I could actually ___48___ something, and that I shouldn’t ___49___ the best delegate award until I was the best delegate I could be. Failures are completely subjective — we can look at a result as a failure or a ____50____. Any failure can be regarded as a(n) ____51____ because you can always learn something from it and do ____52____ next time. This is supported by John Locke’s theory that we are born with blank views: knowledge and ability are learned from our ____53____. That’s true. If I make a mistake in the life practice, then I probably won’t ____54____ that next time. I believe this is ____55____ the best way to become better. 41. A. strengthen B. condemn C. inspire D. represent 42. A. identical B. temporary C. various D. false 43. A. preparations B. predictions C. appointments D. explanations 44. A. accelerated B. failed C. exited D. succeeded 45. A. approached B. trained C. expected D. witnessed 46. A. relief B. envy C. satisfaction D. delight 47. A. annoyed B. ashamed C. good D. terrible 48. A. desert B. learn C. delete D. display 49. A. win B. miss C. deliver D. value 50. A. bond B. bet C. victory D. loss 51. A. aim B. benefit C. burden D. limit 52. A. funnier B. worse C. better D. slower 53. A. decisions B. attitudes C. positions D. experiences 54. A. repeat B. admit C. accept D. notice 55. A. wrongly B. scarcely C. truly D. narrowly 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born with an enormous amount of drive and ____56____ (determine). From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather ____57____ go out and play. I would get the bus on my own at ten years old and go to swim 100 ____58____ (length) of the pool while other kids played pool games; I was ____59____ only girl in a rugby club of 250 boys. I have always lived my life to extremes. I think ____60____ countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed, ____61____ (ruin) a family holiday in France because of the endless search for a swimming pool ____62____ (train) in, almost missing my brother’s wedding because I was too busy hiring a car in downtown Johannesburg and driving through the “no-go” areas. Being a ____63____ (profession) athlete is no different. Doing what we do as athletes ____64____ (set) us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take _____65_____ (we) to the top freely in school. 第四部分 写作：(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 66. 根据下面的提示，简要介绍杰出科学家爱因斯坦。 1. 爱因斯坦（1879年3月14日 — 1955年4月18日）出生于德国； 2. 其相对论（Theory of Relativity）闻名于世，1921年获得诺贝尔物理学奖； 3. 年少时害羞，不喜欢上学，不喜欢与人交往，一生中多数时间喜欢独处，喜欢音乐； 4. 不看重金钱，热爱和平，致力于人权和社会进步。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the Easter holidays, and school was closed for two weeks. For me, the Easter holidays were so boring that it was impossible to find something fun to do. My mom had suggested that I do some studies since the promotion test was coming up. However, I didn’t follow my mother’s suggestion. Instead, I went outside to seek out my friends to play with. When I had successfully contacted some of my friends, none of them seemed to be much in a playful mood, but one friend Jimmy agreed to play with me. He suggested we go down to the river and just relax there. The river was not far from my home, and we arrived there quickly. Just relaxing on the river bank with nothing but some waste logs, it wasn’t fun for us at first. Clearly what was on our minds was to jump into the river and just take a swim in the clear cool water. So we took off our clothes down to our underwear and walked into the shallow part of the water. The water was truly cool and refreshing and we were starting to have fun then, playing and laughing, as we splashed the cool water onto each other’s faces. Then we started to chase each other around on the river bank and then we ran straight into the river. We were having so much fun that we didn’t notice danger was around the corner. Before Jimmy could know it, and before he could do anything to keep his balance, he lost his footing on a tree branch, which was in the shallow part of the water, and slipped, bringing his whole entire body into the deep water. He tried to resurface from the water but found it extremely hard to keep his head above the water. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was scared to see him struggling in the water but I knew I must rescue him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After a while, Jimmy recovered from panic and thanked my mom and the neighbors. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 会宁四中2024—2025学年度第一学期高二级第一次月考 英语试卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 注意事项：英语听力共两节，20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分。 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the matter with the man? A. He eats a lot. B. He sleeps too much. C. He has a stomachache. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Please come in, what seems to be the trouble. M: It’s my stomach. It aches. I think I probably had too much last night. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman good at? A. Grammar. B. Listening. C. Speaking. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: How are you getting along with your English lessons? W: I’m doing well in grammar, but I have difficulty in listening and speaking. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where was Dennis going? A. An office. B. A supermarket. C. A bank. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, this is Paul Lynch at Barclays bank. Is Dennis there? W: No he isn’t. He phoned me from his office 15 minutes ago to say he was going to the supermarket. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman go shopping? A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: I hardly ever go to the supermarket by car now. The new supermarket is within walking distance. M: Well, you’re lucky. The nearest supermarket I can go to is about five kilometers away. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does Jimmy do now? A. A teacher. B. A translator. C. A writer. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Jimmy has been away from our school for five years. M: Yes, but now he is serving as a translator in a foreign enterprise. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、BC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. How did the man go home last night? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus. 7. What was the man probably going to do? A. Buy a book. B. Borrow a book. C. Copy the book. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: What’s wrong, Jack? You look unhappy. M: I left my bag on the bus when I went home last night. W: Anything valuable inside it? M: Yeah, my history book. I have to finish reading it by tomorrow to get ready for our group discussion. W: Can’t you just buy another copy from the bookstore? M: They’re all sold out. W: So what are you going to do? M: I don’t know. Perhaps I can borrow one from another student. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. From which city is the telephone call being made? A. San Francisco. B. Los Angeles. C. Dover. 9. What will they probably do before long? A. They will visit the town together. B. They will go to San Francisco together. C. They will have a get-together. 【答案】8. B 9. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, may I speak to Mr. Green please? W: He’s not here at the moment. May I ask who is calling? M: This is Zhang Hua speaking. W: Oh yes, I’ve heard him speak of your coming, but we didn’t know you’d arrive so soon. How many days will you stay in Los Angeles? M: About a week or so, and then I plan to go to San Francisco for a few days. W: Oh, is there a number where I can reach you? M: I’m staying at the airport holiday hotel. The number there is 6463100. W: When he comes back, I’ll tell him you’re in town and we must spend an evening together. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What is the new equipment mainly used for? A. Listening to music. B. Recording music. C. Seeing pictures. 11. What should you do if you want to listen to music with the machine? A. Wear something. B. Stay within its range. C. Face with the machine. 12. Why does the woman probably like the new equipment? A. It’s easy to operate. B. It’s great for long car rides. C It can make her ears comfortable. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Is that the latest magazine? M: Yes, and here is an article about the interesting equipment that might replace earphones. W: What do you mean? M: Well, the new equipment can help you find a different way to listen to music. W: How can we do that? M: A company has made a way to deliver sound directly to your ears. You don’t have to wear anything special, you only have to be within the right range of the new machine. No one else can hear what you’re listening to. Can you believe it? W: Wow, that would be great for long car rides while you drive and listen to music, the kids could sleep in the back seats. M: Yes, the machine can make you not disturb others and can make your ears comfortable when hearing to music. W: That’s amazing. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where are the speakers talking? A. At the police station. B. At home. C. In their car. 14. What were the roads like in the morning? A. Empty. B. Crowded. C. Wet. 15. What happened in front of the woman this morning? A. A child fell down. B. A car braked hard. C. An accident happened. 16. What is the other reason why the woman drives slowly? A. The road is too crowded. B. Kids may appear on the road. C A police car is following them. 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Why are you driving so slowly? W: I’m going as fast as the speed limit. M: You can forget the speed limit. Nobody drives that slowly. W: Well, I want to drive carefully. The roads are crowded. M: But they were just as crowded this morning. You drove a lot faster. W: That’s just it. I drove too fast. M: What? You mean something happened after you left me? W: I was in the center of the town. I was in a hurry. And... M: yes, go on, what happened? W: A child ran out and fell down on the road. M: Oh no, did something else happen? W: No, but there is a police car behind us. It’s following us, so we can’t forget the speed limit, can we? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Who is the first product sold to? A. Some parents. B. Some children. C. Some teachers. 18. What is Mr. H? A. A personal robot. B. A smartphone. C. A remote control. 19. How much should people pay for a Mr H today? A. $199. B. $369. C. $499. 20. What does a watch control can help you do? A. Repair your TV. B. Organize your homework. C. Forecast the weather. 【答案】17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Good morning everyone. Today in our shop there are two products on sale. They can help you a lot. Are your children having problems finishing their homework on time? Do you often shout at your children for they avoid tidying their rooms? You don’t need to worry if you buy this personal robot. It is called Mr. H. It can be programmed to organize your children’s homework. First, it weighs only 500 grams. Second, it has long-lasting batteries. Third, it can remember simple instructions. It was originally sold for 499 dollars, but now it’s only 369 dollars. Next, the second product is the watch control. This is a watch that James Bond will be proud to wear. This is not a watch for ordinary people. It can act as a remote control for TVs and videos and give you a daily weather forecast. It can also remind your children when to hand in their homework. It was originally sold for 199 dollars, but now you can get it for 169 dollars if you are interested in them. Buy now. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) A Movies to Enjoy Eating Animals The 2018 documentary Eating Animals, based on the book by Jonathan Safran Foer published in 2009, tells us that factory farming is bad, and that most Americans don’t realize just how bad. Still, this isn’t a feel-guilty film. There’s plenty of hope as director Christopher Quinn shows farmers who are still using practices that do not, for example, force chickens to live their short lives in a dark building while covered in their own poop (大便). Will the film cause you to go vegan (素食主义者)? Eh, burgers are really tasty. But it will make you think about what it is that you’re putting in your mouth and maybe inspire you to head for the farmers’ market to see what a chicken that lived a happy life tastes like. Landmark’s E Street Cinema, 555 11th St. NW, Washington, D. C.; opens on Oct. 15 (Mon.), $10-$12.50. Landmark Bethesda Row Cinema, 7235 Woodmont Ave. Bethesda, MD.; opens on Oct. 15(Mon.), $9.50-$12.50. The Last Tightrope Dancer in Armenia Sometimes it’s enjoyable to see what everyone else has been seeing. It helps with dinner party conversation. Sometimes, though, it’s fun to see something really different. The Last Tightrope Dancer in Armenia is a 2009 documentary about the only two surviving performers of Armenian tightrope dancing, 76 and 77 at the time of the film, and their desperate efforts to pass on the traditional art form to the only student of tightrope dancing left in the land, a 16- year-old orphan boy. Library of Congress, Mary Pickford Theater, 101 Independence Ave. SE, Washington D.C.; Oct. 15 (Mon.),8p.m., free. Family Movie Series The Old Greenbelt Theatre is here to help quiet the endless “ I’m bored “ at the weekend. Every Sunday at l p.m., you can take the kids to see a family-friendly film for free, including Despicable Me 3 and Paddington 2. Just have fun! The Old Greenbelt Theatre, 129 Centerway, Greenbelt, MD.;Sundays through Dec.30,1p.m.,free. 21. Which statement about Eating Animals is TRUE? A. It’s directed by Jonathan Safran Foer. B. It’s a feel-guilty story about the bad factory farming. C. It may cause many more Americans to go vegan. D. It can help raise people’s awareness of food. 22. What could someone who wants to enjoy a film for free on October 15 choose? A. Eating Animals. B. The Last Tightrope Dancer in Armenia. C. Despicable Me 3. D. Paddington 2. 23. Where should she go if a woman wants to spend a happy weekend with her children? A. Landmark Bethesda Row Cinema B. Library of Congress, Mary Pickford Theater. C. 555 11th St. NW,Washington, D.C. D. 129 Centerway, Greenbelt, MD. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章通过广告的形式讲述三部电影的主要内容吸引人们去看电影，并写明了影院地址、时间、价格。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。由题干定位到第一部电影Eating Animals。根据此电影第一段最后一句“But it will make you think about what it is that you’re putting in your mouth and maybe inspire you to head for the farmers’ market to see what a chicken that lived a happy life tastes like.”（这部电影会让你想到你在嘴里放的是什么，也许会激励你去农贸市场看看一只过着幸福生活的鸡吃起来是什么滋味）可知此电影会增强人们对食物的意识，D项切题；由此电影第一段中的“Still, this isn’t a feel-guilty film. There’s plenty of hope as director Christopher Quinn shows farmers who are still using practices that do not”（不过，这不是一部让人感到内疚的电影。正如导演克里斯多夫·奎因(Christopher Quinn)向仍在使用这种做法的农民展示的那样，希望还是很大的）可知，这是一部由Christopher Quinn导演的不会让人感到愧疚的电影，排除A、B两项；由此电影第一段中的“Will the film cause you to go vegan（素食者）？Eh, burgers are really tasty.”（这部电影会让你成为素食主义者吗?嗯，汉堡真的很好吃。）可知，并没有说很多人成为素食者，排除C项。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。由题干free on October 15可以定位到第二部电影第二段的句子“Library of Congress, Mary Pickford Theater, 101 Independence Ave. SE, Washington D. C.; Oct. 15 (Mon.) , 8 p. m. , free.”（国会图书馆，玛丽·皮克福德剧院，华盛顿特区独立大道101号；10月15日(周一)晚8点,免费的。），可知，The Last Tightrope Dancer in Annenia这部电影10月15日免费看电影。故选B项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。由题干“spend a happy weekend with her children”可定位到第三部电影第一段中的句子“you can take the kids to see a family-friendly film for free, including “Despicable Me 3” and “Paddington 2”. Just have fun!”（你可以带孩子们免费看适合全家一起看的电影，包括《神偷奶爸3》和《帕丁顿熊2》。玩得开心就好!）和此电影第二段的句子“The Old Greenbelt Theatre, 129 Centerway, Greenbelt, Md.；Sundays through Dec. 30, 1p.m., free.”（Greenbelt Theatre，129 Centerway，Greenbelt，马里兰州；周日到12月30日，下午1点,免费的。），可知想和孩子一起过一个美好的周末，应该去129 Centerway, Greenbelt, Md.。故选D项。 B Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on the brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all those amazing powers of music. A recent study suggests that preterm (早产的) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music. Experts led by Dr Manoj Kumar of the University of Alberta, Canada, found that music had a beneficial effect on reducing pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical tests. It also appeared to benefit full-term babies during operations. Many people experiencing brain damage have speech and movement-related problems. Music can help recover from brain injuries. As a different and effective treatment, doctors often advise such patients to listen to good music to improve the parts of the brain responsible for these two functions. When people with neurological (神经的) disorders hear a musical beat, it helps them to regain a balanced walk. Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can stave off the loss of hearing. There was an experiment involving 163 people where 74 were musicians. Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non﹣musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70﹣year﹣old musician hears better than a 50﹣year﹣old non﹣musician, even in a noisy environment. Besides, music mends a broken heart. It is not about a thrown﹣away love, but about a heart attack. The matter is that music can help people recover from a heart attack or heart operation by reducing blood pressure, slowing down the heartbeat rate, and reducing anxiety. Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood, and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular (心血管的) system. 24. How does music affect preterm babies？ A. It helps reduce their pain. B. It helps develop their potential in music. C. It helps improve their hearing systems. D. It helps repair their neurological systems. 25. What does the underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A. Lead to. B. Increase. C. Prevent. D. Break into. 26. Why can music mend a broken heart？ A. It has a positive effect on human body systems’ work. B. It can help people prevent diseases caused by anxiety. C. It helps make a person feel optimistic about life. D. It can help patients recover in a slow way. 27. What may be the best title for the text？ A. Who Can Benefit from Music B. The Best Time to Listen to Music C. The Way to Choose Quality Music D. How Music Affects Our Mind and Body 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了音乐对人的身心产生的积极影响。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A recent study suggests that preterm (早产的) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music.(最近的一项研究表明，早产儿在听音乐时，似乎会感到更少的疼痛，吃得更多。)”可知，研究表明，早产儿听音乐时似乎感到更少的痛苦，由此可知，音乐可以帮助早产儿减少痛苦。故选A项。 【25题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线短语前的“Though music cannot make deafness disappear(虽然音乐不能使耳聋消失)”可知，画线短语所在的部分与上文之间为转折关系，根据划线单词后的“Musicians heard the sounds better than non﹣musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70﹣year﹣old musician hears better than a 50﹣year﹣old non﹣musician, even in a noisy environment.(参与者被要求通过一些听力测试。音乐家比非音乐家更能听清声音，这种差异随着年龄的增长而越来越明显。这意味着一个70岁的音乐家比一个50岁的非音乐家听力更好，即使在嘈杂的环境中。)”可知，在该项实验中音乐家比非音乐家更能听清声音，而且这种差异随着年龄的增长而越来越明显，即使在嘈杂的环境中，70岁的音乐家比非音乐家的听力好，结合画线短语前的“Though music cannot make deafness disappear(虽然音乐不能使耳聋消失)”可知，画线短语所在的部分与上文之间为转折关系，所以，此处应指的是尽管音乐不会使耳聋消失，但是真的能“预防”听力丧失，所由此可知，画线短语的意思应与“预防”意义相近。故选C项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood, and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular (心血管的) system.(听高质量的音乐可以产生积极的情绪，改善血液运动，扩张血管，从而促进整个心血管系统的快速恢复。)”可知，挺高质量的音乐能促进整个心虚管系统的快速恢复，由此可知，音乐可以修补一颗破碎的心的原因是它对人体系统的工作有积极的影响。故选A项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段“Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on the brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all those amazing powers of music.(音乐不仅仅是一组声音和节奏。它对大脑的影响比任何其他人类经验都要深刻得多。继续阅读，你会发现音乐的神奇力量。)”可知，该段介绍的是音乐对大脑的印象比任何其他人类经验都要深刻得多，并引出下文，结合下文中的介绍的音乐对早产儿、脑损伤造成的问题、延缓听力丧失以及受伤的心产生的影响可知，本文主要介绍的是音乐给人类身心带来的神奇力量，所以标题“音乐是如何影响我们的心身的”概括了本文的主题，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。 C Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities. While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche （心理）, the research finds that personality traits （特征） are “contagious”（传染的） among children. “Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can't be changed,” said Dr. Jennifer Neal, co-author of the study. The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes fora full school year. One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds, and the other a set of four-year-olds. Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize. The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits. A 2015psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person “like a disease”. The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them. The researchers questioned 6,000 people on the social “climate” in their workplaces, which included offices, hotels and restaurants. They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year. And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way. Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite toa company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise. Dr. Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment. She said better training could help to fight against the problem. 28. What does the underlined part “flies in the face of” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Leads to. B. Results from. C. Goes against. D. Agrees with. 29. Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace? A. Ignoring the faults of co-workers. B. Not sending emails to workmates. C. Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses. D. Not inviting a colleague to a company party. 30. What is the passage mainly about? A. One's personality is hard to change. B. One's personality is shaped by genes. C. One's personality traits can spread to others. D. One's personality traits can change overnight. 31. This passage is most probably taken from ________. A. a science journal B. a study guide C. a school textbook D. a science fiction 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用。 【28题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities. While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche (心理), the research finds that personality traits (特征) are "contagious" (传染的) among children. "”（一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。 研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用。 虽然基因仍然是人类心理的核心部分，但研究发现，个性特征在儿童中是“传染的”）可知划线词所在的句子意思是该研究的合著者詹妮弗尼尔博士说:“我们的发现与人们通常认为性格无法改变的假设相悖”，即“flies in the face of”意思是“违反”，A. Leads to导致；B. Results from由……造成；C. Goes against违反；D. Agrees with同意。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise.”（粗鲁可能包括不邀请某人参加公司活动，发送不友好的电子邮件，指责他人或不给予赞扬）可知在工作场合，不邀请同事参加公司派对被认为是不礼貌的。故选D。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities.”（一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。 研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了研究表明，一个人的个性特征可以传给其他人。故选C。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities.”（一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了研究表明一个人的个性特征可以传给其他人。这篇文章很可能摘自一份科学报告/期刊。故选A。 D A University College London study looked at car use to conclude that cities have to become car-free to survive. Simply put, if we don't reduce the number of cars in our cities then they will just completely clog up and stop moving. The study notes the number of cars is actually increasing faster than that of people. In 2019, 80 million cars were built while the population increased by 78 million. And the mass production of those cars was responsible for 4% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (排放) ,which is bigger than aviation (航空) and that's before you even fuel them up. The study authors construct a mathematical model, and residents choose driving their car or taking public transport on the basis of the time it takes to do the trip. “All individuals decide their commuting (通勤) mode trying to reduce their costs, but the result is the overall worst-case situation, where the average commuting time is longer and all people decide to use their car.” write the authors of the study. Besides, policymakers tend to construct even more car infrastructure (基础设施) and invest even more in private cars, which then encourages more private vehicle use and results in even more traffic jams. Possible solutions have to be actively encouraged, with more travel options, plus local shops and services. Also, increasing the costs could be achieved by reducing the space devoted to cars, with more public transport lanes, wider sidewalks, and pedestrian roads, for example. Dr. Humberto, one author of the study said: “If our goal is to have more liveable and developed cities then we must take part of this land and give it to other modes of transportation: walking, cycling and public transport. 32. Which of the following can replace the underlined words “clog up”? A. Turn down. B. Break down. C. Make troubles. D. Get stuck. 33 What can we infer from the numbers in Paragraph 2? A. The number of cars is larger than population. B. Car production creates more CO2 than aviation. C. CO2 emission is largely affected by car production. D. Global CO2 emission is more serious than expected. 34. What result do study authors get from their model? A. It is hard for people to keep a balance. B. It takes more time to drive cars to work. C. More cars can be used to save time. D. Driving cars can keep the cost down. 35. What can be a possible way to reduce car use? A. Building parking lots. B. Saving land for cars. C. Producing less cars. D. Riding a bus to work. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述人们为了方便更倾向于选择开车出行，这样反而导致城市交通堵塞，出行成本增加。如果一个城市要长期可持续地发展就要改变目前的交通方式，更多地乘坐公共交通工具或步行、骑自行车出行。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“if we don’t reduce the number of cars in our cities then they will just completely clog up and stop moving.（如果不减少车的数量的话城市里的车会越来越多，导致交通完全clog up，以致无法行进。）”可知，clog up和车数量多会造成交通拥堵相关。A. Turn down拒绝；B Break down.打破；C. Make troubles.制造麻烦；D. Get stuck.堵塞。Get stuck与 clog up“堵塞”同义，故选择D项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“And the mass production of those cars was responsible for 4% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (排放) ,which is bigger than aviation (航空) and that's before you even fuel them up.（那些汽车的大量生产所带来的CO₂排放就占了全球总排放的4%，这比航空业带来的排放量还多。那甚至还是在你给他们加油前。）”可知，汽车制造产生的CO₂排放比航空业带来的排放量还要多。故选择B项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“All individuals decide their commuting (通勤) mode trying to reduce their costs, but the result is the overall worst-case situation, where the average commuting time is longer and all people decide to use their car.（所有人选择他们的通勤方式，试图减少他们的出行成本，但是结果是总体上最坏的情况，所有人都决定使用他们的汽车，平均通勤时间更长）”可知，作者从他们的模型得出：所有人都开车上班，通勤时间会更长，故选择B项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“If our goal is to have more livable and developed cities, then we must take part of this land and give it to other modes of transportation: walking, cycling and public transport.（如果我们的目标是拥有更宜居和发达的城市，那么我们必须参与这片土地，并把它交给其他交通方式，步行、自行车和公共交通方式）”可知，选择公共交通方式会使城市更好发展。故选择D项。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空自处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Today is a wonderful day to think about the year going by, the success you achieved, the things that did not go so well and the things you want to do. To help you make this year your beat ever, take a few moments to think about these 5 suggestions. ___36___ Have a clear vision of what you want to achieve and make a plan. Imagine what you want to finish. See it in your mind. Write down your goals, and never doubt that you will be successful. Find the positive factor.___37___ and stay away from the dream stealers who would bring you down. Be enthusiastic. Show lots of interest in everything. Be active in everything you do. ___38___ Let the world see and hear your enthusiasm. Spend quality time. ___39___ Rise early; spend some quality time on your work of reading. Value not only the time you spend by your self, but also the time you spend with your beloved ones. Say thank-you to the people who have helped you. Call up a friend or beloved one and tell him/ her how much he/ she means to you. Show people you appreciate and care about them. ___40___. Remember people sometimes forget what you said to them or did for them, but they never forgot how you make them feel in their hearts. A. Trust in the power of attraction. B. Life is so short, so make full use of every day. C Acts of appreciation cost nothing but mean everything. D. Have a plan for your action. E. Let it show in your body language, your smile and your voice. F. Surround yourself with loving and supportive people. G. Make a decision to improve your life. 【答案】36. D 37. F 38. E 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。为了帮助人们更好地活在当下，取得更好的成绩，作者在文章中提到了五种方法。 【36题详解】 空格处为段落首句，通常起到小标题和总结段落大意的作用。根据下文“Have a clear vision of what you want to achieve and make a plan.(对你想要实现的目标有一个清晰的愿景，并制定一个计划)”可知，本段主要讲要有一个清晰的计划，结合选项可知选项D. Have a plan for your action.(为你的行动制定一个计划)与上述分析一致。故选D。 【37题详解】 根据本段首句“Find the positive factor.(找到积极的因素)”可知，本段主要讲要找到积极的因素。由空格后的“and”可知空格处的句子与后一句“stay away from the dream stealers who would bring you down.(远离那些会让你失望的偷梦人)”是并列顺承关系，结合选项可知选项F. Surround yourself with loving and supportive people.(与充满爱和支持你的人在一起)与后一句逻辑上通顺，语义衔接自然，且与本段话题一致。故选F。 【38题详解】 根据本段首句“Be enthusiastic.(积极热情)”可知，本段主要讲人要积极热情。根据空格上句“Be active in everything you do.( 积极参与你做的每一件事)”可知，下文要围绕本句及本段的主题继续展开。结合选项可知选项E. Let it show in your body language, your smile and your voice.(让它表现在你的肢体语言，你的微笑和你的声音里)与本段话题一致且衔接上下文自然。故选E。 【39题详解】 根据空格前一句也是本段首句“Spend quality time.(高质量地花费时间)”可知，本段主要讲要珍惜时间、合理利用时间，故空格处要围绕“珍惜时间、合理利用时间”这个话题继续展开，结合选项可知选项B. Life is so short, so make full use of every day.(生命如此短暂，所以要充分利用每一天)与上述分析一致，符合题意。故选B。 【40题详解】 根据本段首句“Say thank-you to the people who have helped you.(对帮助过你的人说声谢谢)”可知，本段主要围绕要向帮助过你的人表达谢意展开。根据空格上一句“Show people you appreciate and care about them.(向人们表达你的感激和关心)”可知，空格处将继续围绕本段话题展开。结合选项可知选项C. Acts of appreciation cost nothing but mean everything.(感激之情不需要付出任何代价，却意味着一切)与本段话题一致且衔接上文自然。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Three years ago, I participated in Model United Nations (MUN) held by the Education Department, which was a mock (模拟的) UN activity. During the two days, students are separated in different groups which ___41___ different countries to debate and try to solve problems. MUN has ___42___ awards: best delegates (代表), honorary mentions, and verbal mentions. Each time I participate in MUN, I made good ___43___ and undoubtedly got a few awards. But I often felt as if I’d ___44___ because I had never won the best delegate award. I ___45___ those who didn’t deserve to win the award but won it various times, and I was just filled with ___46___ at their success. But later I realized that it was also ___47___ not to get the award because I could actually ___48___ something, and that I shouldn’t ___49___ the best delegate award until I was the best delegate I could be. Failures are completely subjective — we can look at a result as a failure or a ____50____. Any failure can be regarded as a(n) ____51____ because you can always learn something from it and do ____52____ next time. This is supported by John Locke’s theory that we are born with blank views: knowledge and ability are learned from our ____53____. That’s true. If I make a mistake in the life practice, then I probably won’t ____54____ that next time. I believe this is ____55____ the best way to become better. 41. A. strengthen B. condemn C. inspire D. represent 42. A. identical B. temporary C. various D. false 43. A. preparations B. predictions C. appointments D. explanations 44. A. accelerated B. failed C. exited D. succeeded 45. A. approached B. trained C. expected D. witnessed 46. A. relief B. envy C. satisfaction D. delight 47. A. annoyed B. ashamed C. good D. terrible 48. A. desert B. learn C. delete D. display 49. A. win B. miss C. deliver D. value 50. A. bond B. bet C. victory D. loss 51. A. aim B. benefit C. burden D. limit 52. A. funnier B. worse C. better D. slower 53. A. decisions B. attitudes C. positions D. experiences 54. A. repeat B. admit C. accept D. notice 55. A. wrongly B. scarcely C. truly D. narrowly 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者参加模拟联合国大赛，却一直得不到渴望的最高奖项，觉得自己很失败，后来作者意识到失败的经历也很可贵，它可以让我们下次做得更好。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这两天里，学生们被分成不同的小组，代表不同的国家进行辩论，试图解决问题。A. strengthen加强；B. condemn谴责；C. inspire启发；D. represent代表。根据上文“which was a mock (模拟的) UN activity”可知，这是在模拟联合国的活动，因此是分组后代表不同的国家进行辩论。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：模拟联合国大赛有各种各样的奖项：最佳代表奖、荣誉奖和口头奖。A. identical相同的；B. temporary临时的；C. various有各种各样的；D. false假的。根据下文“best delegates (代表), honorary mentions, and verbal mentions”可知，有最佳代表奖、荣誉奖和口头奖，因此是各种各样的奖项。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次参加模拟联合国大赛，我都做好了充分的准备工作，毫无疑问也获得了一些奖项。A. preparations准备工作；B. predictions预测；C. appointments约会；D. explanations解释。根据下文“undoubtedly got a few awards”可知，作者获得了一些奖项，因此是做好了充分的准备工作。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我常常觉得自己失败了，因为我从未获得过最佳代表奖。A. accelerated加速；B. failed失败；C. exited退出；D. succeeded成功。根据下文“because I had never won the best delegate award”可知，作者从未获得过最佳代表奖，因此会感到自己好像失败了。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我见证了那些本不该获奖却多次获奖的人，我对他们的成功充满了嫉妒。A. approached接近；B. trained训练；C. expected预期；D. witnessed见证。根据下文“those who didn’t deserve to win the award but won it various times”可知，一些人本不该获奖却多次获奖，作者作为参赛者应该是见证了这样的事情。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我见证了那些本不该获奖却多次获奖的人，我对他们的成功充满了嫉妒。A. relief宽慰；B. envy嫉妒；C. satisfaction满意；D. delight喜悦。根据上文“those who didn’t deserve to win the award but won it various times”可知，一些人本不该获奖却多次获奖，而作者从未获得过最佳代表奖，因此会产生嫉妒心理。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来我意识到，没有得到这个奖也很好，因为我实际上可以学到一些东西，而且直到我成为了我能做到的最好的代表，我才应该获得最佳代表奖。A. annoyed恼火的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. good好的；D. terrible可怕的。根据上文“I 　5　　 those who didn’t deserve to win the award but won it various times, and I was just filled with 　　　6 at their success.”和本句“But”可知，此处语义和上文有转折，上文作者因为未能获得过最佳代表奖而挫败，嫉妒别人的成功，此处应该是认识到未能获这个奖也有好的一面。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来我意识到，没有得到这个奖也很好，因为我实际上可以学到一些东西，而且直到我成为了我能做到的最好的代表，我才应该获得最佳代表奖。A. desert抛弃；B. learn学习；C. delete删除；D. display显示。根据下文“because you can always learn something from it”可知，此处指实际上可以学到一些东西。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来我意识到，没有得到这个奖也很好，因为我实际上可以学到一些东西，而且直到我成为了我能做到的最好的代表，我才应该获得最佳代表奖。A. win赢；B. miss错过；C. deliver投递；D. value珍视。根据下文“until I was the best delegate I could be”可知，作者觉得直到自己成为了力所能及的最好的代表，才应该获得这个奖。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：失败是完全主观的——我们可以把结果看作是失败，也可以是胜利。A. bond联系；B. bet赌注；C. victory胜利；D. loss损失。根据上文“Failures are completely subjective”可知，作者认为失败是完全主观的，因此结果可以被看作是失败，也可以看作是胜利。故选C。 51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何失败都可以被看作是一种好处，因为你总能从中学到一些东西，下次做得更好。A. aim目标；B. benefit好处；C. burden负担；D. limit限制。根据下文“because you can always learn something from it”可知，人总能从失败中学到一些东西，因此失败可以被看作是一种好处。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何失败都可以被看作是一种好处，因为你总能从中学到一些东西，下次做得更好。A. funnier更有趣的；B. worse更糟的；C. better更好的；D. slower更慢的。根据上文“because you can always learn something from it”可知，人总能从失败中学到一些东西，因此下一次就可以做得更好。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：John Locke的理论支持了这一点，即我们生来是空白的观点：知识和能力是从我们的经历中习得的。A. decisions决定；B. attitudes态度；C. positions职位；D. experiences经历。根据上文“we are born with blank”可知，这种观点认为我们生来是空白的，再结合常识可知，我们从自己的经历中逐渐获得知识和能力。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我在生活实践中犯了错误，那么下次我可能不会再重复（犯错）了。A. repeat重复；B. admit承认；C. accept接受；D. notice注意到。根据上文“If I make a mistake in the life practice”可推知，在生活实践中犯了错误后，会产生相应的经验，下次不会再重复犯这个错误。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我相信这真的是让自己变得更好的最好方法。A. wrongly错误地；B. scarcely几乎没有；C. truly真地；D. narrowly狭隘地。根据下文“the best way to become better”可推知，truly“真地”符合语境，加强语气，表示对上文观点的总结，从经历中学习，不再重复犯错，是变得更好的最好方法。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born with an enormous amount of drive and ____56____ (determine). From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather ____57____ go out and play. I would get the bus on my own at ten years old and go to swim 100 ____58____ (length) of the pool while other kids played pool games; I was ____59____ only girl in a rugby club of 250 boys. I have always lived my life to extremes. I think ____60____ countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed, ____61____ (ruin) a family holiday in France because of the endless search for a swimming pool ____62____ (train) in, almost missing my brother’s wedding because I was too busy hiring a car in downtown Johannesburg and driving through the “no-go” areas. Being a ____63____ (profession) athlete is no different. Doing what we do as athletes ____64____ (set) us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take _____65_____ (we) to the top freely in school. 【答案】56. determination 57. than 58. lengths 59. the 60. of 61. ruining 62. to train 63. professional 64. sets 65. us 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名职业运动员，总是逼迫自己多做一点从而取得更多成就。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意：我生来就有巨大的动力和决心。根据并列连词and前的名词“drive”可知，空处为名词形式作宾语。determination为不可数名词。故填determination。 【57题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：从一个小女孩开始，我会在午餐时间呆在家里，只是为了在学业上领先，而不是出去玩。固定搭配：rather than，意为“而不是”。故填than。 【58题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：十岁的时候，我独自搭上公共汽车，在其他孩子玩台球游戏的时候，我在游泳池里游了100圈；我是250个男孩组成的橄榄球俱乐部里唯一的女孩。根据空前的100可知，空处为可数名词复数形式；length意为“游泳池的池长”时，为可数名词。故填lengths。 【59题详解】 考查冠词。句意：十岁的时候，我独自搭上公共汽车，在其他孩子玩台球游戏的时候，我在游泳池里游了100圈；我是250个男孩组成的橄榄球俱乐部里唯一的女孩。表示“唯一的”是特指，应用定冠词和“only+名词”搭配，故填the。 【60题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：我想起了我错过的无数个生日派对和夜晚，因为没完没了地找游泳池训练而毁了在法国的家庭度假，差点错过我兄弟的婚礼，因为我忙着在约翰内斯堡市中心租车，开车穿过“禁行”区。固定搭配：think of，意为“想起”。故填of。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我想起了我错过的无数个生日派对和夜晚，因为没完没了地找游泳池训练而毁了在法国的家庭度假，差点错过我兄弟的婚礼，因为我忙着在约翰内斯堡市中心租车，开车穿过“禁行”区。这里表示自然而然带来的结果，所以用现在分词形式。故填ruining。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我想起了我错过的无数个生日派对和夜晚，因为没完没了地找游泳池训练而毁了在法国的家庭度假，差点错过我兄弟的婚礼，因为我忙着在约翰内斯堡市中心租车，开车穿过“禁行”区。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to train。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意：作为一名职业运动员也不例外。修饰名词athlete，前用形容词修饰。故填professional。 【64题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：做我们作为运动员所做的事情让我们与众不同，因为我们愿意做额外的一点，这可能会把我们带到顶峰。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，时态为一般现在时；主语为“Doing what we do as athletes”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填sets。 【65题详解】 考查代词。句意：做我们作为运动员所做的事情让我们与众不同，因为我们愿意做额外的一点，这可能会把我们带到顶峰。空处为宾语，用代词的宾格。故填us。 第四部分 写作：(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 66. 根据下面的提示，简要介绍杰出科学家爱因斯坦。 1. 爱因斯坦（1879年3月14日 — 1955年4月18日）出生于德国； 2. 其相对论（Theory of Relativity）闻名于世，1921年获得诺贝尔物理学奖； 3. 年少时害羞，不喜欢上学，不喜欢与人交往，一生中多数时间喜欢独处，喜欢音乐； 4. 不看重金钱，热爱和平，致力于人权和社会进步。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. He was born on March 14, 1879 in Germany, and died on April 18, 1955. He is best known for his Theory of Relativity. In 1921, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics. But when he was young, he was shy and didn’t like to go to school, because he found it hard to get along with others. Throughout his life he preferred spending most of his time alone. He was fond of music, and said that he could find peace in music. Albert Einstein was a peace-loving person, giving little thought to money, and he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress. No wonder Albert Einstein is an outstanding and respectable scientist! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生根据下面的提示，简要介绍杰出科学家爱因斯坦。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 授予：award→grant 困难的：hard→difficult 以……闻名：be best known for→be famous for 喜欢：be fond of→be addicted to 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. He was born on March 14, 1879 in Germany, and died on April 18, 1955. 拓展句：Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists, who was born on March 14, 1879 in Germany, and died on April 18, 1955. 【点睛】[高分句型1] But when he was young, he was shy and didn’t like to go to school, because he found it hard to get along with others. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句) [高分句型2] He was fond of music, and said that he could find peace in music. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the Easter holidays, and school was closed for two weeks. For me, the Easter holidays were so boring that it was impossible to find something fun to do. My mom had suggested that I do some studies since the promotion test was coming up. However, I didn’t follow my mother’s suggestion. Instead, I went outside to seek out my friends to play with. When I had successfully contacted some of my friends, none of them seemed to be much in a playful mood, but one friend Jimmy agreed to play with me. He suggested we go down to the river and just relax there. The river was not far from my home, and we arrived there quickly. Just relaxing on the river bank with nothing but some waste logs, it wasn’t fun for us at first. Clearly what was on our minds was to jump into the river and just take a swim in the clear cool water. So we took off our clothes down to our underwear and walked into the shallow part of the water. The water was truly cool and refreshing and we were starting to have fun then, playing and laughing, as we splashed the cool water onto each other’s faces. Then we started to chase each other around on the river bank and then we ran straight into the river. We were having so much fun that we didn’t notice danger was around the corner. Before Jimmy could know it, and before he could do anything to keep his balance, he lost his footing on a tree branch, which was in the shallow part of the water, and slipped, bringing his whole entire body into the deep water. He tried to resurface from the water but found it extremely hard to keep his head above the water. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was scared to see him struggling in the water but I knew I must rescue him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After a while, Jimmy recovered from panic and thanked my mom and the neighbors. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was scared to see him struggling in the water but I knew I must rescue him. I took a deep breath to keep calm. Looking around, I found a waste log, I threw it to him immediately and asked him to hold it and not to give up. At the same time I yelled for help, hoping someone could come to our rescue. Luckily, my mom heard my cries, rushed out of the house and raced towards us. She jumped into the water and reached out her hands to pull him. Several neighbors also quickly joined the rescue. They managed to get Jimmy out of the water. Finally, Jimmy was saved, pale and shivering. After a while, Jimmy recovered from panic and thanked my mom and the neighbors. We hugged each other in tears. I thought my mom would scold me. But she just held us in her arms tightly. She warned us it was dangerous to swim in the river. Both of us felt ashamed and promised never to do that again. This was really a special Easter, one I would never forget. For Jimmy, he had a narrow escape from drowning. For me, I felt the kindness of my neighbors. 【解析】 【导语】本文以时间发展为线索展开，讲述了作者与朋友吉米一起到河边玩耍，没有意识到危险的临近，导致他的朋友吉米在不知不觉中掉入深水的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“看到他在水里挣扎，我很害怕，但我知道我必须救他”可知，第一段可描写作者一边施救一边呼叫帮助，作者的妈妈以及邻居闻声赶来救出了作者的朋友吉米。 ②由第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，吉米从恐慌中恢复过来，感谢我妈妈和邻居们。”可知，第二段可描写作者的妈妈没有批评他，告诉他在河里游泳很危险。吉米险些溺水，而作者感受到了邻居的善良。 2.续写线索：保持镇静——扔原木施救——呼叫援助——妈妈和邻居闻声赶来——救出吉米——被妈妈安慰——明白了在河里游泳的危险——感受到了邻居的善良 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①放弃：give up/abandon ②大叫：yell/shout ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①感到羞愧：feel ashamed/feel abashed ②冷静的：calm/dispassionate 【点睛】[高分句型1]. At the same time I yelled for help, hoping someone could come to our rescue. (现在分词作状语和省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型2]. This was really a special Easter, one I would never forget. (省略关系代词的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null