江苏省扬州市扬大附中东部分校2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试适应性考试英语试卷

扬大附中东部分校 高三英语组 2023.1 扬大附中东部分校2022-2023学年第一学期 高三期末适应性训练 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the woman meet the organizer? A. On the 10th. B. On the 6th. C. On the 28th. 2. What will the man probably do next? A. Eat a huge meal. B. Buy a birthday gift. C. Have some cake. 3. Why can’t the woman play with the boy? A. She needs to take a break. B. She needs to finish some work. C. She needs to bake a cake. 4. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. A couple. B. Co-workers. C. Boss and worker. 5. What’s the reason that the man think they should go to the park today? A. The weather is nice all day. B. The park is clean. C. The crowds are small. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the man feel? A. Relaxed. B. Angry. C. Worried. 7. Where does the woman think the book might be? A. In their room. B. In the school. C. In the yard. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What was the woman doing in China before? A. Working. B. Studying. C. Traveling. 9. Which area would probably have an amusement park? A. Area 1. B. Area 2. C. Area 3. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the hotel bar. B. In a hotel room. C. At the hotel check-in desk. 11. What company does the man work for? A. Marriot Hotel. B. Lloyds Bank. C. Trask Restaurant. 12. When is the main bar open? A. From 2:00 p.m. until midnight. B. From 6:00 p.m. until 2:00 a.m. C. All day. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the man want the woman to go ahead of him? A. He’s not sure which style to get. B. He is waiting for his hairstylist. C. He wants to get her phone number. 14. Who is probably the best for women’s hair? A. Tony. B. Joe. C. Lorraine. 15. What is a crew cut? A. Long on the sides and the top. B. Short on the sides and the top. C. Short on the sides and long on the top. 16. Where does the man work? A. At a school. B. At an ad company. C. At a barber shop. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is basically the most important to an argumentative essay? A. To raise questions at first. B. To describe something in detail. C. To convince readers of something. 18. What makes a good argument according to the speaker? A. Its clear logic. B. Its new stories. C. Its interesting topic. 19. How are Western essays different from Chinese? A. In length. B. In topic. C. In structure. 20. What would an American teacher expect in the first paragraph of an essay? A. The writer’s argument. B. Different viewpoints. C. The supporting details. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Where to work out at U.S. Airports? Here is a cheat sheet（备忘单） for those who want to exercise during flight delays or layovers(过境停留). Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) A walking path supported by the American Heart Association is located in Terminal (航站楼) D，measuring seven-tenths of a mile. Want an extra bun? Climb the two 55-foot high staircases that lead up to the Skylink stations and terminal walkways. The free 24-hour yoga room in Terminal E has reopened with complimentary (免费赠送的) mats while the yoga studio in Terminal B remains closed. Denver International Airport (DEN) Now the best place to get some activity is the 82,000-square-foot open-air plaza located before security at the south end of the Jeppesen Terminal. Travelers can learn about events, such as yoga classes, from DIA’s social-media feeds (@denairport) during a dedicated wellness week. A free mini golf course is open for one month each summer and from November through January a complimentary ice skating rink includes free skate rentals. San Francisco International Airport (SFO) San Francisco International Airport (SFO) the Bay Area’s largest airport, offers non-stop flights to more than 40 international cities on 37 international carriers. In the airport, two dedicated yoga rooms can be found post-security in Terminal 2 and Terminal 3. Complimentary yoga mats are available and the mats and space are disinfected regularly. Harry Reid International Airport, Las Vegas (LAS) Harry Reid International Airport, formerly known as McCarran International Airport, is the main commercial airport serving Las Vegas，Nevada, United States. In the airport, Zero Level Fitness in Terminal 1 primarily sees use from airport and airline employees, but travelers can purchase day passes for $25 that include access to cardio（有氧运动） and weight equipment as well as locker rooms. 21. What do DFW and SFO have in common? A. Walking paths are created. B. Free golf courses are open. C. Yoga rooms are provided. D. Facilities are disinfected regularly. 22. When can travelers find free skate rentals at DEN? A. In December. B. In September. C. In August. D. In March. 23. In which airport will travelers pay for their workout? A. Denver International Airport. B. Harry Reid International Airport. C. San Francisco International Airport. D. Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport. B I used to fancy myself a pretty good vacationer. But on my family's recent week-long trip to Mexico our first real getaway since the pandemic began—I got mixed up. The huge difference between the expectations and the realities of travel hit me a few hours after we landed in Cabo SanLucas, Mexico. Driving our rental car to Walmart to buy groceries, we found ourselves stuck in stand-still traffic for over two hours. I comforted myself with the thought that once we arrived, my vacation self would emerge: relaxed, flexible and ready for a surfing followed by a margarita(玛格丽塔酒) on the beach—while wearing one of several sundresses that had been gathering dust in my closet since 2020. Readers, I did not. First, I was defeated by what I will well refer to as “traveler's stomach.” Then, I was scared out of surfing by waves that seemed too messy and powerful for my skills. A chilly fog kept me from unrolling the sundresses I'd carefully packed, and I ended up wrapped in the same sweat-shirt that I wore on the airplane. All seemed ruined. During the episode, I nearly drove myself crazy by asking constantly, “How can I make this better'? Can I find a different route in the traffic?” But it was just about acceptance: getting into the moment, accepting what it is, and trusting—trusting this may not be the best moment of the vacation, but there can still be good moments of the vacation. Indeed, I noticed a shift in my mood. At some stage I did drink a margarita. Eventually, I had an enjoyable afternoon of surfing in the sun. But when I fondly remember this vacation now, I more often return to curling up on the hotel couch with my husband, watching “Stranger Things” in sweats; or sitting sand-caked on the beach watching our daughter digging with a local girl. In those small moments, I was simply present. That's what vacation is all about. 24. How did the author feel on her way to Walmart? A. Relaxed and expectant. B. Delighted but concerned. C. Disappointed and defeated. D. Upset but hopeful. 25. What prevented the author from wearing the sundress? A. Cold weather. B. Huge waves. C. Sharp stomachache. D. Favored sweat-shirts. 26. What can we learn about the author as the vacation went on? A. She preferred to stay in the hotel. B. She embraced the imperfect moments. C. She achieved the goals as scheduled. D. She sought for better enjoyments. 27. What is the purpose of the text? A. To share reflections on a trip. B. To provide advice on a getaway. C. To promote tourism in Mexico. D. To inform challenges of a vacation. C Back in November 2019, Alessandra Mascaro, a volunteer working at the Ozouga Chimpanzee Project in Loango National Park, Gabon, West Africa, saw something she couldn’t quite believe — one of the apes named Suzee noticed her son Sia had hurt his foot. After seemingly thinking about the best course of action, she then plucked an insect out of the air, licked it and applied it to the wound. Mascaro captured the whole touching moment on film and showed her tutor, Dr. Tobias Deschner, a zoologist working for Ozouga. The Ozouga team then set about monitoring the chimpanzees in the park and looking for other examples of the behaviour. Over the following 15 months they captured 76 incidences of the apes applying insects to wounds on themselves or other group members. The researchers are uncertain why the chimps use the insects, or even which insects they are, but suspect they might have lenitive properties that could provide pain relief. However, the finding really proves that the act of applying an insect to treat other’s wounds is a clear example of prosocial behaviour (亲社会行为) that echoes the acts of empathy displayed by human beings. “This is, for me, especially breathtaking because so many people doubt prosocial abilities in other animals. Suddenly we have a species where we really see individuals caring for others,” Deschner said. The team now aims to identify the insects being used by the chimpanzees and investigate who is applying insects to whom to establish whether the behaviour is based on a social rank. “We need to still put much more effort into studying great apes because it is crucial to shed light on our own cognitive evolution,” said Deschner. 28. How did Suzee treat her son’s wound? A. By using a certain insect. B. By adopting an easy way. C. By licking the injury. D. By preventing the infection. 29. Which of the following can best replace the word “lenitive” in Paragraph 2? A. Original. B. Refreshing. C. Relieving. D. Resistant. 30. What can be inferred from the Ozouga team’s study? A. Chimps can distinguish useful insects. B. Apes are capable of caring for others. C. Prosocial abilities come from imitation. D. Social ranks decide the power of empathy. 31. What does Deschner think of the finding? A. It remains a mystery. B. It facilitates evolution. C. It highlights apes’ intelligence. D. It clarifies people’s doubt. D I grew up in a home with a mother who believes that vaccines cause brain damage, and do not contribute to the health and safety of a society. The only shot I received was for tetanus (破伤风) when I was two months old. After that, nothing.At the beginning of each school year, I was very anxious. Delayed term paper? Mischievous (捣蛋的) behaviour? Late for school? None of them. I’d be pulled out of class and brought to the headmaster’s office. The school doctor would tell me I haven’t received any of the necessary shots to attend school. But the same thing occurred each time: my mom would exempt (免除) me from the shots and nothing would happen. After doing a lot of research, I found although people who don’t vaccinate their children make up only a relatively small group, they can cause major consequences. People who, for health or age reasons, cannot receive vaccines are at a higher risk of catching a preventable disease. Eventually, I turned 18. In Ohio, where I live, I had to wait until I became a legal adult to make the decision to receive vaccine shots. A huge factor in taking the step to ensure my health was the message board website Reddit. Last year, I asked Reddit users for advice about what vaccines to ask for and how to go about getting them from a doctor. After my post received more than 1,000 comments, I made an appointment with my family physician. Despite how strongly my mother felt, I went through with it anyway. I did something every person should do. It wasn’t special in any way. Vaccines protect the health and safety of not only yourself but also other people. Vaccination is important because someone could die if you don’t get vaccinated. This was the biggest reason I got vaccinated despite the opposition. 32．What can we know about the author from Paragraph 1? A．He was born disabled. B．He suffered from tetanus. C．He was spoiled by his mother. D．He was hardly vaccinated. 33．Why did the author feel nervous at the beginning of each school year? A．Because he would be called to meet headmaster. B．Because he would never behave himself. C．Because he couldn’t go to school on time. D．Because he often forgot to do his term paper. 34．How might the author’s mother have felt about his appointment with the family physician? A．Grateful B．Excited C．Annoyed D．Guilty 35．What message does the author try to convey through his story? A．Obeying the old pays off. B．Keeping fit is the best policy. C．Doing the right thing matters. D．Following advice is beneficial. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s regularly claimed that you’ll be more productive if you get up early. Very early. According to a 2016 Wall Street Journal article, the most successful and therefore productive people typically rise at 4 a. m. ____36____ For instance, if you’re awake while everyone else is still asleep, they won’t distract you, so you’ll be more productive. However, the science tells a very different story. ____37____ An important one stems from our own biology. Sleep is crucial for our ability to function, and depriving yourself of it does more harm than good. ____38____ Less than that quickly has negative health effects, compromising mood, memory, stress tolerance, and more. Forcing yourself to wake at 4 a. m means you’re losing sleep, and will be less productive as a result. Some people seem able to get away with it, being natural “early risers”. ____39____ A study by the National Sleep Foundation stated that “Individuals who habitually sleep outside the normal range may be exhibiting symptoms of serious health problems or even may be compromising their health and well- being”. Another study claims sleeping far fewer hours than average is more likely to be self-enforced than anything natural. ____40____ There may be some productive advantages to waking up in the early hours. However, these can easily be canceled out by the consequences of lost sleep. A. A typically healthy amount of sleep for adults is around 7 to 9 hours. B. However, they did make it. C. There’s some logic to it. D. There are many reasons why waking up at 4 am could be actively unproductive. E. And it will put people in a significant sleep debt, harming health. F. Therefore, there is a great possibility that people will be natural early risers. G. However, the admiration for them may be misplaced. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 “I knew when I saw you, I wanted to take you home,” my dad says to me when I visit him one Saturday. There is a deep-seated ____41____ of a father seeing his daughter when she was born. My father has Alzheimer’s (老人痴呆症). He does not ____42____ express in words, so the sudden accuracy of his words ____43____ me. Another Saturday, he points to a photo of me and says, “She’s smart.” Does he know the ____44____ person, 30 years older, is sitting beside him? It does not matter. At that moment I can feel his ____45____. Now I bring a spoonful of yogurt to his lips. With a ____46____ hand, he touches me and says, “You’re very good. Thank you.” He totally forgets it was he that ____47____ me in lifting a spoon to my mouth. These words are all he can give now. But they make me understand more ____48____ my generous father. His door was always ____49____. Drop-in visitors were welcomed with a drink. He would not ______50______ to give money to a family member in need. In the community, he ______51______ his time to preserve the historical buildings. Time, advice, money. There were many ways he ______52______. And he gives, still. The ______53______ has taken much from my father. What’s ______54______ are his words. It’s ______55______ for him to find the right word and say it out loud. Yet he keeps going. 41. A. fear B. memory C.doubt D. opinion 42. A. generally B. eventually C. gradually D.gladly 43. A. amuses B. surprises C. answers D. calms 44. A. successful B.responsible C. independent D. same 45. A. admiration B. curiosity C.confidence D. affection 46. A. trembling B. feeding C. firm D.cold 47. A. followed B. scolded C. guided D. assessed 48. A. easily B. deeply C. quickly D. carefully 49. A. magical B. closed C. safe D. open 50. A. intend B. pretend C. hesitate D. attempt 51. A. valued B. volunteered C. divided D.killed 52. A. gave B. took C. preserved D.tried 53. A. chat B.decision C. disease D. visit 54. A. known B. remembered C. faced D. left 55. A. important B. difficult C. convenient D.impressive 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Sunday, the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China announced that the C919 aircraft ____56____ (complete) all six test flights. Many might not understand it, ____57____ test flights are no ordinary things in the life of a new aircraft model. Test flights are more about ____58____ (judge) the aircraft's safety and reliability. Now, ____59____ the C919 in place, domestic airlines can stop worrying about a supply crisis. However, there is room for constant ____60____ (improve), as some parts of the C919 ____61____ (import) from the West. Even ____62____ Changjiang-1000A engine, a domestic alternative, ____63____ (have) many imported parts. It is therefore necessary for the domestic manufacturers to work harder to ____64____ (constant) raise the proportion of domestic parts in the C919. That will, in turn, help China's aircraft-manufacturing industry to go global. So far, the CACC has reportedly received about 1,000_____65_____(order) for the C919, with the majority of those coming from domestic airlines. With its improved performance and better technology, more international orders will come in the future. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 66.第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 假定你是李华，浏览到某国际文化网站近期准备以“The Last Ten Years of My Country”为主题征集世界各国中学生的来稿，促进彼此的相互了解和文化交流。请你给该网站写一份英文投稿。内容包括： 1. 你所了解的主要变化； 2. 你的感受和评价； 3. 诚邀他国友人来华亲历。 注意： 1. 字数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________67.第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Charles Rose lived in the country with his father, who taught him to read and to write. Mr. Rose told his son that, when his morning lessons were over, he might amuse himself for one hour as he pleased. There was a river near by. On its bank stood the hut of a poor fisherman, who lived by selling fish. His careful wife kept her wheel going early and late. They both worked very hard to keep themselves above want. But they were greatly troubled for fear that their only son should never learn to read and to write. They could not teach him themselves, and they were too poor to send him to school. Charles called at the hut of this fisherman one day, to inquire about his dog, which was missing. He found the little boy, whose name was Joe, siting by the table, on which he was making marks with a piece of chalk. Charles asked him whether he was drawing pictures. “No. I am trying to write,” said little Joe, “but I know only two words. Those I saw upon a sign, and I am trying to write them.” “If I could only learn to read and write,” said he, “I should be the happiest boy in the world.” “Then I will make you happy said Charles.” I am only a little boy, but I can teach you that.” “My father gives me an hour every day for myself. Now, if you will try to learn, you shall soon know how to read and to write.” Both Joe and his mother were ready to fall on their knees to thank Charles. They told him it was what they wished above all things. So, on the next day when the hour came, Charles put his book in his pocket, and went to teach Joe. Joe learned very fast, and Charles son began to teach him how to write. Some time after, a gentleman called on Mr. Rose, and said, “Charles did not always amuse himself. I often see him go to the house of the fisherman. I fear he goes out in their boat.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The moment the gentleman left, Mr. Rose went in search of his son. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, his father took him to town, and gave him books for himself and Joe, with writing paper, pens, and ink. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 听力阅读理解 第一部分 听力 1-5 ACBAC 6-10 CCBAC 11-15 BCAAB 16-20 BCACA 第二部分 阅读理解 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 【答案】32．D   33．A   34．C    35．C 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. A 39. G 40. E 完形填空 41-45 BCBDD 46-50.ACBDC 51-55.BACDB 【答案】56. had completed 57.but 58. judging 59. with 60. improvement 61. are imported 62. the 63. has 64. constantly 65. Orders 第四部分 写作 66.第一节 应用文写作 【写作指导】 主题已给，可作为投稿的标题或把My Country改为China。文章主体应为1、2两个内容，可先总述变化巨大，再以具体例子说明并辅以你的感受与评价。最后应发出诚挚的来华邀请以及笔者落款。 One possible version: The Last Ten Years of My Country The last decade has witnessed enormous changes in my country China. What impressed me most were easy access to the Internet and shopping online, the popularity of smart phones, the convenience of Alipay and WeChat Pay, and the fast and comfortable transport especially by the bullet trains, which have made a significant difference to our life. In addition, we have been living happily in great peace and safety. I’m so proud of my country with such innovation, creativity and vitality. Dear friends, you are warmly welcome to pay a visit to China in person! Li Hua 67、【答案】 The moment the gentleman left, Mr. Rose went in search of his son. He went to the river, and walked up and down, in hope of seeing the boat. Not seeing it, he grew uneasy. He thought Charles must have gone a long way off. Unwilling to leave without learning something of him, he went to the hut. He put his head in at the window, which was open. There a pleasant sight met his eyes. Charles was at the table, ruling a copybook Joe was reading to him, while his mother was spinning in the corner. Charles was a little confused. He feared his father might not be pleased; but he had no need to be uneasy, for his father was delighted. The next day, his father took him to town, and gave him books for himself and Joe, with writing paper, pens, and ink. Charles was the happiest boy in the world when he came home. He ran to Joe, his hands filled with parcels, and his heart beating with joy. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了查尔斯·罗斯和他的父亲住在乡下，父亲教他读书写字，查尔斯认识了附近的渔夫的儿子乔，于是教他写字和阅读，这天父亲前来找罗斯，看到罗斯在教乔，感到很高兴。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“那位先生一走，罗斯先生就去找他的儿子”可知，第一段可描写罗斯先生找到儿子后的事情。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天，他的父亲带他到城里，给他自己和乔的书，还有信纸、笔和墨水”可知，第二段可描写查尔斯拿到这些东西时的反应。 2.续写线索：陪走路——帮助——感谢——陪回家——拒绝——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 寻找：in search of /look for 害怕：fear/scare 装满：be filled with /be full of 情绪类 担心：uneasy /concerned 快乐：joy/happiness 【点睛】[高分句型1] He put his head in at the window, which was open. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] He ran to Joe, his hands filled with parcels, and his heart beating with joy. (运用了独立主格结构) A 【21~23题答案】 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B B 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要分享了作者在疫情期间一次不太美妙的旅行经历。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Driving our rental car to Walmart to buy groceries, we found ourselves stuck in stand-still traffic for over two hours. I comforted myself with the thought that once we arrived, my vacation self would emerge: relaxed, flexible and ready for a surfing followed by a margarita(玛格丽塔酒) on the beach（我们开着租来的车去沃尔玛买食品杂货，发现自己被堵住了两个多小时。我安慰自己，以为一旦我们到达，我的假期就会自己浮现出来：放松、灵活，准备好冲浪，然后在海滩上喝一杯玛格丽塔酒）”可知，作者因为堵车心情沮丧，但同时对于即将到来的假期充满了希望，故选择D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“A chilly fog kept me from unrolling the sundresses I'd carefully packed, and I ended up wrapped in the same sweat-shirt that I wore on the airplane.（寒冷的雾气使我无法展开我精心打包的背心裙，最后我穿着和在飞机上穿的一样的汗衫。）”可知，作者因为寒冷的天气而未能穿上背心裙，故选择A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“But it was just about acceptance: getting into the moment, accepting what it is, and trusting—trusting this may not be the best moment of the vacation, but there can still be good moments of the vacation.（但这只是一种接受：进入当下，接受现实，相信——相信——这可能不是假期中最好的时刻，但假期中仍有美好的时刻。）”可知，旅行继续时，作者接受了这些不完美的时刻，故选择B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。结合全文以及文章的第一段“I used to fancy myself a pretty good vacationer. But on my family's recent week-long trip to Mexico our first real getaway since the pandemic began—I got mixed up.（我以前以为自己是个很好的度假者。但在我的家人最近为期一周的墨西哥之行中，这是疫情爆发以来我们第一次真正的度假——我被搞糊涂了。）”可知，本文的主要目的在于分享自己在疫情爆发后的一次旅行中的感想，故选择A项。 C 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了通过不断的观察，人们发现了黑猩猩的亲社会行为。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“After seemingly thinking about the best course of action, she then plucked an insect out of the air, licked it and applied it to the wound.（在似乎考虑了最佳的行动方案之后，她从空中抓了一只昆虫，舔了舔，然后把它敷在伤口上）”可知，苏西是用一种虫子，来治疗她儿子的伤口的，故选A项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线词后的句子“that could provide pain relief.（这可以缓解疼痛）”可知，上文划线部分的lenitive与relieving“缓解的”同意，故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Suddenly we have a species where we really see individuals caring for others（突然间，我们有了一个物种，在那里我们真正看到了个体关心他人）”可知，奥佐加团队的研究发现类人猿具有照顾他人的能力，故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘This is, for me, especially breathtaking because so many people doubt prosocial abilities in other animals. Suddenly we have a species where we really see individuals caring for others,’ Deschner said.（“对我来说，这尤其令人震惊，因为太多人怀疑其他动物的亲社会能力。突然，我们有了一个物种，我们真的看到了个体照顾他人，” 德施纳说）”可知，德施纳认为这项发现澄清了人们的疑虑，故选D项。 D 【答案】32．D   33．A   34．C    35．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己接种疫苗的经历告诉读者：疫苗不仅保护你自己，而且保护其他人的健康和安全。接种疫苗很重要，因为如果你不接种，有人可能会死。这也是作者不顾反对接种疫苗的最大原因。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The only shot I received was for tetanus (破伤风) when I was two months old. After that, nothing.(我只有两个月大的时候注射过破伤风疫苗。在那之后，什么都没有)”和第二段中“The school doctor would tell me I hadn’t received any of the necessary shots to attend school.(学校的医生会告诉我，我没有接受过任何必要的上学必须要进行的接种)”可知，作者几乎从来没有接种过疫苗。故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At the beginning of each school year, I was very nervous. Delayed term paper? Mischievous behavior? Late for school? None of them. I’d be pulled out of class and brought to the headmaster’s office.(每学年开始的时候，我都很紧张。迟交了学期论文吗？淘气的行为？上学迟到吗？一个都不是。我会被拉出教室，带到校长办公室)”可知，作者将被叫到校长办公室，让作者在每学年开始时感到紧张。故选A。 26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Despite how strongly my mother felt, I went through with it anyway.(不管我妈妈强烈反对，我还是坚持了下来)”可推知，妈妈对于作者与家庭医生的约会感动恼怒。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I did something every person should do.(我做了每个人都应该做的事情)”和下文“Vaccines protect the health and safety of not only yourself but also other people. Vaccination is important because someone could die if you don’t get vaccinated.(疫苗不仅保护你自己的健康和安全，也保护其他人的健康和安全。接种疫苗很重要，因为如果你不接种，有人可能会死)”可推断，作者通过他的经历告诉我们做正确的事情，对己对人都有好处。故选C。 七选五 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. A 39. G 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章利用早起工作效率会更高的话题引入，表明作者的观点——实际上，睡眠时间远远少于平均水平会对人们的身体健康造成很多的伤害。 【16题详解】 根据上文“It’s regularly claimed that you’ll be more productive if you get up early. Very early. According to a 2016 Wall Street Journal article, the most successful and therefore productive people typically rise at 4 a. m.”(人们经常声称，如果你起得非常早的话，你的工作效率会更高。根据2016年《华尔街日报》的一篇文章，最成功，因此最有生产力的人通常在凌晨4点起床。)和下文“For instance, if you’re awake while everyone else is still asleep, they won’t distract you, so you’ll be more productive.”(例如，如果你醒着的时候其他人都还在睡觉，他们不会分散你的注意力，所以你会更有效率。)可知，上文提到早起工作效率会更高，下文举例说明这样说是正确的，所以中间需要过渡句连贯上下文。选项A“这是有逻辑的。”和上下文意思连贯。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“However, the science tells a very different story.”(然而，科学告诉我们一个非常不同的事情。)可知，接下来作者要陈述的是和第一段提到的早起工作效率会更高这一理论不一样的观点。选项G“有很多原因可以解释为什么早晨4点起床会非常低效。”和上文意思一致。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Less than that quickly has negative health effects, compromising mood, memory, stress tolerance, and more. Forcing yourself to wake at 4 a. m means you’re losing sleep, and will be less productive as a result.”(低于这个数字很快就会对健康产生负面影响，影响情绪、记忆力、压力承受能力等等。强迫自己凌晨4点起床意味着你正在失去睡眠，并且会因此而降低工作效率。)可知，这里提到了“这个数字”，所以上文要提到“这个数字”是什么。选项E“对成年人来说，一个典型的健康睡眠时间大约是7到9小时。”和下文意思一致。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据下文“A study by the National Sleep Foundation stated that “Individuals who habitually sleep outside the normal range may be exhibiting symptoms of serious health problems or even may be compromising their health and well- being”.”(美国国家睡眠基金会的一项研究表明，“习惯性睡眠超出正常范围的人可能表现出严重健康问题的症状，甚至可能损害他们的健康和幸福。”。)可知，上文要提到这些习惯性睡眠超出正常范围的人的做法是不对的。选项C“然而，对他们的钦佩可能是错误的。”和下文意思一致。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Another study claims sleeping far fewer hours than average is more likely to be self-enforced than anything natural.”(另一项研究表明，睡眠时间远远少于平均水平比任何自然事物更有可能是自我强制的。)可知，这里提到睡眠时间远远少于平均水平的坏处。选项D“而且这会使人们陷入严重的睡眠负担，损害健康。”和上文意思一致。故选E。 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的梦想是有一只自己的狗，最终收养了一只狗，取名McNults，他们互相陪伴了13年。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果可能的话，我做任何事情都会提前至少30分钟。A. tend趋向于；B. pretend假装；C. hate讨厌；D. happen发生。根据后文“ at least 30 minutes early for everything”可知为短语tend to表示“趋向”，指做任何事情都趋向于提前至少30分钟。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，这成了获得额外阅读时间的借口；以前参加聚会时，喝杯酒是放松神经的好机会。A. accident事故；B. blame责备；C. excuse借口；D. duty义务。根据后文“to get some extra reading time”可知早到是获得额外阅读时间的借口。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，这成了获得额外阅读时间的借口；以前参加聚会时，喝杯酒是放松神经的好机会。A. eyes眼睛；B. nerves神经；C. problems问题；D. life生活。根据后文“it used to be an opportunity for a glass of wine to settle my”以及常识可知，喝酒可以放松神经。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：在他准备的时候，为了不让我碍事，他把我带到一间空着的卧室，向我介绍他的新法国斗牛犬小狗。A. away from远离；B. right into进入；C. down upon责备某人；D. out of缺乏。根据后文“the way while he was getting prepared”可知，朋友为了不让作者碍事，把作者带到一间空着的卧室，短语get sb. out of way表示“让开，使不碍事”。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他准备的时候，为了不让我碍事，他把我带到一间空着的卧室，向我介绍他的新法国斗牛犬小狗。A. busy忙碌的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. spare备用的，空着的；D. noisy吵闹的。根据上文“he took me to the”可知，为了让作者不碍事，朋友把作者带到了空着的卧室里。故选C。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他准备的时候，为了不让我碍事，他把我带到一间空着的卧室，向我介绍他的新法国斗牛犬小狗。A. introduced介绍；B. asked询问；C. put放置；D. pushed推。根据后文“me to his new French bulldog puppy”可知，朋友想作者介绍他的新法国斗牛犬小狗。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻就爱上了小狗。A. usually通常；B. immediately立即；C. slowly缓慢地；D. rarely罕见地。根据后文“I spent the entire night in the room with the puppy.(我整晚都和小狗待在房间里)”可知，作者立即爱上了这只狗。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前的工作经常出差。A. reading阅读；B. sitting坐下；C. travelling旅行；D. writing写。根据后文“But I had recently changed”中but表示转折，以及后文“my hours had settled”可知，作者以前的工作要出差，后来换了工作才安定下来。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我最近换了工作；我的时间已经定下来了。A. jobs工作；B. places地方；C. houses房子；D. offices办公室。根据后文“my hours had settled”可知，作者安定下来了，说明换了工作。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我意识到我终于准备好收养一只小狗了。A. forgot忘记；B. regretted后悔；C. imagined想象；D. realized意识到。根据后文“I was finally ready for adopting a pup”可知，作者意识到自己准备好养狗了。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和一只名叫Lacy的小狗一起长大，它常常嫉妒我读的书，把爪子放在书的中间来吸引我的注意。A. came up走近；B. lived up不辜负；C. grew up生长；D. stayed up熬夜。根据后文“with a pup named Lacy, who used to get”可知作者在回忆和自己一起长大的小狗。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和一只名叫Lacy的小狗一起长大，它常常嫉妒我读的书，把爪子放在书的中间来吸引我的注意。A. jealous嫉妒的；B. proud自豪的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. silly愚蠢的。根据后文“in the middle of the page to draw my attention”可知小狗总是在作者读书的时候捣乱，作者比喻成嫉妒自己读书。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和一只名叫Lacy的小狗一起长大，它常常嫉妒我读的书，把爪子放在书的中间来吸引我的注意。A. ear耳朵；B. tail尾巴；C. eye眼睛；D. paw爪子。根据常识和后文“in the middle of the page to draw my attention”可知，狗把爪子放在书的中间来吸引主人的注意。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她那温柔而傻乎乎的样子一直陪伴着我。A. left离开；B. stayed停留；C. gone离开；D. moved移动。上文提到狗和作者一起长大的，所以是陪伴作者。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一只属于我自己的小狗：那是我的梦想。A. dream梦想；B. pride自豪；C. solution解决方案；D. answer回答。结合上文作者一眼就爱上朋友家的小狗和“I was finally ready for adopting a pup.”可知，养狗是作者的梦想。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我找到了一位饲养员，并被列入了等候名单。A. table桌子；B. bus公交；C. list清单；D. room房间。根据上文“I found a breeder a few weeks later and was put on a waiting”可知，作者要领养小狗，要等待，被列入了等候名单。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是缩小版的蕾西，直到我姐姐指出来，我才意识到我抄袭了她。A. made制作；B. copied复制；C. painted油漆；D. bought购买。根据上文“It is a smaller version of Lacy”以及上文提到作者和一只名为Lacy的狗一起长大的，推知这条狗和Lacy很像，用“抄袭”符合语境。。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的13年里，我们一直是一对搭档。A. band乐队；B. class班级；C. company公司；D. pair对。根据后文“We are inseparable.(我们分不开)”可知，作者和狗成了13年的搭档。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说的“我们”是指我和McNults。A. ignore忽视；B. find找到；C. mean意味着；D. mention提及。根据后文“me and McNults”可知“我们”指的是作者和自己的狗。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：McNults带我度过了我生命中最糟糕的时期，度过了悲伤，现在，当她的生命走到尽头时，我将和她在一起。A. simplest最简单的；B. worst最差的；C. happiest最快乐的；D. brightest最亮的。根据后文“through grief”可知是最糟糕的时期。故选B 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 第二节 语用填空 第一节 应用文写作 附听力文稿及答案详解： Text 1 M: Hi, Anne. The music festival begins on May 28th and tickets go on sale on the 6th. Are you interested in going? W: Sure. Actually, the organizer is coming to our school on the 10th. (1) I’d like to get more information from him before I buy tickets. Text 2 W: That chocolate cake looks delicious. Aren’t you going to have some with me? M: Well, that was a huge meal we just had, and I’m trying to watch my weight. But I suppose birthdays only happen once a year. (2) Text 3 M: Mom, will you come and play a game with me? W: Can you just rest and be quiet? I have to hand in this report tomorrow and I need to concentrate on writing it. (3) M: Sorry, Mom. Can I have some of that cake you baked? Text 4 W: What a day! I was up at 5:00 a.m. and I haven’t stopped working since then. I can’t keep my eyes open now. M: Oh dear, you must be too tired. Get some rest and I’ll wake you when dinner’s ready. (4) Text 5 W: The weather today is looking awful. Are you sure you still want to go to the national park? M: It’s supposed to clear up at lunch. Besides, there won’t be any people there because they thought the weather would be bad all day. (5) Text 6 (第6题为推断题) M: I’m so sure I left the book on the table in our room before leaving. (7) It’s not there anymore. I asked Jim if he had seen it, but he said no. Where could it have gone? (7) W: Maybe you’re mistaking where you kept it. Don’t you usually read outside in the yard on Sundays? It’s possible you forgot to bring it inside. (7) M: I hope that’s not the case. I’ll go check right now, but it rained all day yesterday. If the book has been outside since morning, it’ll be ruined by now. I need it for tomorrow’s lecture. W: I suppose you’ll have to make another trip to the bookstore today, then. Text 7 M: The first thing you must do when you arrive in China is go to the police station. (8) This is required for everyone staying longer than several months. W: I remember. There was the same rule when I went to college there. (8) M: After that, you should find a hotel for a few nights. W: Where would you recommend? M: What kind of area do you want? Do you want to live near entertainment facilities? I’d recommend Area 1 of the city. (9) W: No, I’d just like to stay somewhere quiet. M: Well, that would be Area 2. If you want somewhere cheaper, try Area 3. W: I’ll read some reviews online and then decide. Maybe I can find a discount. M: When will you leave? W: In two weeks before the Mid-Autumn Festival. M: You’d better hurry, then. Hotels get busy before the holidays. Text 8 W: Hello, welcome to Marriot Hotel. (10) How can I help you today? M: Checking in please. (10) W: Certainly, sir. Can I take the name or booking reference? M: My company booked it for me. It should be under Lloyds Bank. (11) W: And your name? M: Martin Trask. W: I have you staying for two nights. Is that correct? M: No, it should be three. W: Not a problem, I’ll get that extended. Have you stayed with us before? M: No, I have not. W: So breakfast is served on the first floor in the main restaurant. Here you will also find a bar that is open 24 hours a day. (12) There’s also a rooftop bar open from 6:00 p.m. until 2:00 a.m. M: I bet you get some good views from up there. W: The best. There’s also a pool and a gym on the third level. M: I might try the pool before my first meeting tomorrow. W: It looks like everything is already paid for. Can I help you with anything else? M: No, thank you. Text 9 M: Hey, do you want to go ahead of me? (13) W: Sure, but you’ve been waiting for 20 minutes. M: Yeah, but I still can’t decide what style I want. (13) W: Who are you waiting for? M: Whoever is ready first, I guess. W: Your first time at this place? I’ve been coming here for years, and usually go to Tony. (14) But trust me, Lorraine is the best for men’s hair. M: Really? I think that guy is pretty good too, the one who’s giving that short man a crew cut. W: I’m not too familiar with men’s styles. Crew cut is when it’s long on the top and short on the sides, right? (15) M: Not quite — it’s short on both. (15) Think it’ll look good on me? W: Hmm, I don’t know. It’s tough to picture. M: Or maybe I should ask for a new color? W: Ha-ha, not sure it would suit you. M: Why not? A suit like this with some light hair like yours, or maybe green. W: Do you think your firm or college would be OK with that? Where do you work or study? (16) M: I just started at an ad agency. (16) It’s my first week. W: How is that? I’ve been thinking about getting into the industry. M: Different from what you’d probably think. W: Looks like the crew cut guy — it’s Joe, by the way — is done. You’re up. M: Give me your number. We should meet for a drink. Text 10 The argumentative essay is a very interesting type of essay. The point of an argumentative essay is basically to make an argument. You are not telling the reader about something new or describing anything. Instead, you have to convince them about something. (17) A good argument must be clear and logical. (18) Indeed, many Chinese students find it difficult to write good essays in schools and universities in America. It is not because there is no history of essays in China. Rather, there is a very long history of essays. But they have their own unique features. Primarily, Chinese students are used to the kind of essays that put the writer’s argument at the end. The first several parts introduce the topic or different views. (19) These lead to a turn, which introduces conflict and different aspects. Finally, these are concluded. In America, most teachers like essays that state the conclusion of the argument in the first paragraph. (19) (20) While some people might regard many Chinese students’ essays as badly written, it is important to remember that they are actually written very well according to Chinese style. Therefore, it is essential to point out early how the Western style is different. Once the Chinese students know about the differences, they can easily adapt their writing to the correct cultural context. 第二节 读后续写 【写作指导】 根据Paragraph 1中的baggage 和 surprise两个词可知，本段落应该重在描述young man意识到是自己的过错误认为那包cookie是她自己的，可着重描写内心的变化，惊讶、尴尬、后悔等，再推进故事环节，猛然间发现原来那个cookie thief就在自己的身边，以与段2开头的自然衔接。 根据Paragraph 2中的her eyes just met the man’s behind her可知，该段落应着重描述女子如何向他表达歉意以及得到男子谅解的过程。 One possible version: Paragraph 1： As she reached in her baggage, she gasped with surprise. Right at the bottom of the bag lay a packet of cookies, HER cookies. In that split second, it dawned on her that she, herself, was actually the cookie thief instead of the annoying, greedy man. Recalling every detail of what she had done to the man, she felt a crushing guilt creeping over her. Leaning against the window, the woman sighed a bit regretfully, “If only I had the chance to apologize to that man.” Then she looked around the plane unconsciously. Paragraph 2: To her surprise, her eyes just met the man’s behind her. His charming eyes were locked on hers, as if to wait for her further information. “Er…I’m so…sorry…” the woman could barely utter any more word with her face burning with embarrassment. “Well, it was really my pleasure to share cookies with a pretty lady,” the man interrupted in a tolerant manner. At his sudden compliment and consideration, the woman felt as if she were on the top of the world! To show her gratitude for his tolerance, the woman offered to share with him her packet of cookies! （注：83+88=171词） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$