精品解析：广东省深圳市高级文博有为高中2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题

深圳市高级中学文博、有为高中2024-2025学年第一学期 阶段性测试 高一英语 第一部分;基础知识。(单项选择:每道题1.5分，一共22.5分) 1. I ________ that I can be an excellent volunteer and make a great ________ to the club. A. suspect; appreciation B. conclude; cooperation C. remark; innovation D. guarantee; contribution 2. Wealth does not always ______ happiness; therefore, we should pursue some inner satisfaction. A. conclude B. persevere C. deserve D. guarantee 3. Hofman' s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales ________through the generations. A. dealt with B. carried on C. passed down D. brought out 4. We had a _____ time talking about the old but unforgettable days on his farm. A. embarrassed B. embarrassing C. delighted D. delightful 5. Students are given a lot of exercises to do, ________ to improve their grades. A. aimed B. aiming C. to be aimed D. to aim 6. The actor who gave a ________ performance as the mad king made a strong impression on the audience. A. cautious B. basic C. precious D. vivid 7. When ______ by the police, the young man refused to say anything about the accident. A. to question B. questioned C. questioning D. to be questioned 8. The customer was so _______ with his service and tipped him 100 dollars. A. upset B. disappointed C. confused D. content 9. If you want to lose weight, walking to your office every day will ______. A. crack a smile B. do the trick C. make an apology D. leave an impression 10. The recent field research ________ the mystery of the Sanxingdui ancient tombs. A. cheered up B. burst onto C. threw light on D. benefited from 11. Many people, some of ______ are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, _____ are often dangerous. A. who, that B. whom, that C. who, which D. whom, which 12. Haiti was struck by a terrible earthquake in January, ______ effects the people are still suffering months later. A. from which B. what C. where D. from whose 13. I place those photos taken with my friends ________ I can see them every day so that it could remind me of those beautiful days. A. what B. that C. when D. where 14. Her pale face suggested that she ________ seriously ill. To our surprise, she still suggested that she___ to Beijing on business. A. be；went B. was；would go C. was；could go D. was；go 15. He got to the station but only ________ the train had gone. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. being told 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题:每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many companies are expanding their mental—health benefits(福利), but getting employees to take advantage of them can be challenging. Puget Sound Energy is—on a mission to change that. Last year 98% of its employees watched a 20—minute mental—health training video, and managers were offered a two—hour live mental—health training. The sessions included tips on how to recognize and respond to mental—health issues in themselves and others, information on what mental—health resources the company offers, and personal stories from PSE workers who had experienced mental illness. PSE is one of many companies expanding mental—health benefits and talking about mental health in the workplace in new ways. Workers are suffering from it, and companies recognize poor mental health among employees which is linked to lost productivity and higher medical expenses. Most companies already offer some free mental—health counseling(咨询) through an employee assistance plan, or EAP, to provide a certain number of counseling sessions annually for free. The problem is that EAPs are often not made full use of. While research indicates that 20% of the adult population experiences a mental illness each year, less than 8% of employees take advantage of their company’s EAP, says Darren Brooks. In some cases, workers don’t know their employer has an EAP because it isn’t well—promoted. In other cases, workers fear there could be repercussions if their employer finds out their depression or another mental illness. Still others face long waits to book an appointment with EAP due to a national shortage of counselors. With that in mind, some companies are improving access to mental—health services. It requires training managers to recognize signs of mental—health illness and to speak about specific challenges that people experience in their daily lives. Another part of the challenge is convincing people that it is OK to use them. To make employees more comfortable asking for help, some companies are encouraging managers and workers to share their own mental—health stories. 16. What was probably the aim of the sessions of PSE company? A. To get its employees devoted to their work. B. To ensure the mental health of its employees. C. To promote the sales of the company’s energy. D. To train its employees for medical knowledge. 17. What is the problem with EAP? A. It is not fully used by employees. B. Some employees can’t afford it for lack of money. C. Employees taking it are fired because of their illness. D. Few counselors are willing to promote it to employees. 18. What does the underlined word “repercussions” mean in the fifth paragraph? A. Benefits. B. Arrangements. C. Impacts. D. Tendencies. 19. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Improving Mental Health Boosts Productivity B. Many People Simply Don’t Want Mental Exam C There Is a Need to Destigmatize Mental Health D. Mental—health Benefits Are Faced with Challenges B Legend(传说) says that soap was first discovered on Sappo Hill in Rome. According to legend, a group of Roman women were washing their clothes in the River Tiber at the base of a hill. Then some fat from the dead animals ran down into the river. ____20____ The women soon found that using that thing made the clothes easier to wash. ____21____ The evidence for this is Babylonian boxes dated at around 2800 B. C. Words on the boxes present the earliest known written soap recipe, which show how the product was made. They show the product was made from fat combined with wood ash(灰) and water. ____22____ The Ebers Papyrus shows that ancient Egyptians combined both animal and vegetable oils with salts to produce a soap—like thing. According to Pliny the Elder, the Phoenicians made soap from goats’ fat and wood ash in 600 B. C. Pompeii was one of the cities destroyed by the volcanic eruption (火山爆发)of Mt. Vesuvius in its ruins. The discovery suggests that the industry was started. ____23____ This is a big discovery for us to study the history of soap. During the early century of the Common Era, although the Romans were well known for their public baths, generally soap was not used for personal cleaning; it was used for the treatment of disease. ____24____ A. It formed something like soap. B. We can say soap was really important in history. C. So soap wasn't necessarily used for body cleaning then. D. Early Romans began to make soap in the first century A. D. E. Some other countries are also thought to have created soap. F. Also, it suggests that soap was widely known in the Roman Empire. G. However, the ancient Babylonians were the ones who invented soap. C In the last few years, “bike­sharing” companies like oBike, ofo, and Mobike began flooding (挤满) streets in places like China, Japan, Australia, and Singapore with bikes. But it didn’t take long before there were too many companies and too many bikes on the streets. Soon many companies went out of business, leaving behind thousands of unused rental bikes. Many of them were completely new. Businessman Mike Than Tun Win realized that though these bikes didn’t have any value where they were, they could do a lot of good for schoolchildren in Myanmar. Some children in Myanmar travel an hour or more on foot every day to get to school. Soon, Mr. Than Tun Win had raised around $400,000 for the LessWalk project. About half of the money was his own, and the other half was given by companies. The LessWalk project bought thousands of new rental bikes from failed companies and shipped them to Myanmar. Once in Myanmar, the bikes are changed to make them more useful for students. The rental bikes used to require a smartphone app to unlock them. LessWalk changed this for a lock with a key. They also added a second place to sit at the back of the bikes, allowing two children to ride to school on one bike. Recently they’ve added another change — they’re using special tires that don’t go flat to take the place of the bike’s regular tires. With all the changes, Mr. Than says each bike costs LessWalk about $35. Giving out the bikes takes a little longer, since LessWalk wants to make sure that the bikes go to the students who need them the most. The project is working with Myanmar’s government and schools to focus on poor students who walk close to two hours a day to school. Though LessWalk only began in March, the project has already brought around 22,500 bikes into Myanmar and has given out over 1,000 bikes. Mr. Than Tun Win hopes to bring in as many as 100,000 bikes and expand the program to Laos and Cambodia. 25. What is the function of the first paragraph in the passage? A. To attract readers’ attention to “bike­sharing” companies. B. To introduce a new topic for discussion. C To use some examples to support the topic. D. To provide background information on the topic. 26. Why did Mike Than Tun Win set up the LessWalk project? A. To make money. B. To help the needy. C. To grow his business. D. To spread his green travel idea. 27. What can we learn about the bikes that the LessWalk project offers? A. They are all old shared bikes. B. They allow two people to ride on one bike. C. They only allow an hour of use a day. D. They require a smartphone app to unlock them. 28. Why does giving out the bikes take a little longer? A. There aren’t enough bikes for the locals. B. The locals show little interest in bikes. C. The project has to pick out its users carefully. D. The project hasn’t yet received the local government’s support. D Smart Steps to Keep Safe “Social distancing (社交距离)”, this is a phrase used to stop the coronavirus (冠状病毒) from spreading (传播). ___29___ Are people listening? Yes and no. As more bars and restaurants close, people will have no choice. There is a good reason to follow this rule. Even people who show no symptoms (症状) may have the virus (病毒). They may feel they can mingle with (和……交往) others. ___30___ What are the rules? Social distancing You should stay six feet away from others. Avoid using public transportation. Experts (专家) say that every single contact with others not made will have a big impact. You will keep the virus from spreading. ___31___ Older people and people in poor health are in more danger. But young people are not immune (免疫的). They may only have mild symptoms, but they may be carriers. They should not hang around (经常和某人在一起) with fragile (脆弱的) family members and others. If they do, it may add to the number of people infected (感染). You can leave your house It’s OK to go outdoors for fresh air and exercise. ___32___, but to avoid being in close contact with people. When you do leave your home, wipe down any surfaces you come into contact with. Also, disinfect your hands with an alcohol-based sanitizer (消毒杀菌剂). Avoid touching your face. Always wash your hands when you come in from outside. Go to the supermarket Buy as much as you can to reduce the number of trips you will need to make. Pick a time when the store is less crowded. Any surface inside the store may be contaminated. Use a disinfecting wipe to clean the handle of the grocery cart. If you do wear gloves, make sure you do not touch your face until you have taken the gloves off. Family visits If anyone in the family is at great risk, sick people should not visit. If everyone is young and healthy, small groups may do so. ___33___ The playground Healthy kids need outdoor activities. Playgrounds may be danger zones. Kids also tend to touch their mouths, noses and faces a lot. Parks or playgrounds with few kids are ideal. Take hand sanitizers and clean any surfaces with disinfecting wipes. Do this before the kids begin to play. What is next? No one knows how long this crisis will last. An expert said,“We are in uncharted territory. ” A. In any event, phoning and video visits are important. B. The point is not to remain indoors. C. But they are spreading the virus. D. Avoid being in close contact with people. E. It means staying away from people. F. You can go to the supermarket with kids. G. Young people are not safe. E Ingvar Kamprad, who started IKEA as a teenager, died at the age of 91. He built one of the world’s biggest furniture companies. There are two aspects of modern life that we have IKEA to thank for: flat-pack (平板包装) furniture and a hop layout. IKEA first brought out its flat-pack furniture in the 1950s. Whether you love or hate this concept, it was a stroke of genius and an effective way of making the masses value the brand. Obvious aspects of it are cost-efficiency and the practicality of shipping. When IKEA made the switch away from selling furniture that was already assembled, it was most likely unaware of how it would influence its consumers. Yet scientists have since managed to explain why consumers simply can’t get enough of building their own furniture. The simple act of touching products can increase your overall perceived (感知到的) value of the product. Couple this with the fact that the more effort a consumer has put into building something the more they like it. Tests have shown that the actual act of putting something together (even though here may be sweat and tears involved) so that it becomes a complete object produces a much more favorable perception of that object than one would get from purchasing it in a complete form. The phenomenon is known as the IKEA effect. This effect is further improved by the fact that touch itself is related to emotion. This means that when we touch something the emotive part of our brain is activated so that we experience a close connection with the product emotionally. Thus, the happy assembler of that flat pack will, once finished, feel proud of their achievement and experience feelings of being closely connected to the item. The layout of the IKEA store has also paved the way for a more creative way of thinking about how to guide customer. If you have ever visited one of its huge warehouse (仓库) stores, you may have gone in thinking you were going to buy a few items, only to find yourself coming out of the store with a shopping cart full of things. This is because of its circular design and one-way system. This design means you often can’t see what is coming next and fear you will miss something if you don’t continue all the way along the path. IKEA’s creative ability to tap into the unconsciousness of consumer is undoubtedly a big part of its success—and also why it’s been copied by many other companies. Even though Ingvar Kamprad is no longer with us, IKEA has inherited from him a spirit of thinking outside the box to communicate with consumers. It will be interesting to see what follows next. 34. What can we learn about Ingvar Kamprad? A. He preferred to sell furniture rather than produce it. B. He set up IKEA with the help of a couple of psychologists. C. He was aware that his ideas would influence customers and other companies. D. His idea of flat-pack furniture has made his company popular with the public. 35. The underlined word “assembled” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “______”. A. packed up B. ordered beforehand C. fit together D. torn apart 36. What’s the special feature of the IKEA stores in design? A. Flat-packed products. B. Large-sized layout. C. Free-accessed shopping. D. Round-shaped route. 37. The layout of the IKEA stores is aimed to ______. A. meet people’s needs B. promote its own sales C. catch others’ imagination D. improve the shopping experience 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 80-year-old Joao is a great Brazilian classical pianist. At the age of 8, he had already won a contest ____38____ Bach. He could play 21 notes per second at the ____39____ of his skills. However, fortune wasn’t ____40____ to Joao. At 24 years old, he suffered an accident that ____41____ the nerves in three of his fingers. And at 55, he was struck in the head, leaving him with brain injuries that completely paralyzed (使瘫痪) his ____42____. He had to abandon the piano, since he could ____43____ use his fingers. But paralyzed hands weren’t enough to make him ____44____ his musical career. Joao became a(n) ____45____ in 2003. He couldn’t turn the pages in the score or even swing the stick, so instead, he just committed every score to ____46____, note by note—almost 5,000 score pages. Luckily, an engineer who saw him playing live decided to _____47_____ something to help him. After a concert, he _____48_____ Joao with the first model of a pair of special artificial gloves. After _____49_____ several models, the perfect match was created. The gloves provide the necessary _____50_____ for each finger and can even “tune” to what he plays. After more than 20 years, João could finally _____51_____ with his piano. João knows that he might never recover his _____52_____ of the past. But he’s starting over, and he will keep pushing. 38. A. adapting B. reciting C. playing D. writing 39. A. mercy B. option C. drop D. peak 40. A. kind B. equal C. mean D. familiar 41. A. repaired B. damaged C. sustained D. touched 42. A. legs B. arms C. face D. chest 43. A. totally B. simply C. barely D. freely 44. A. pursue B. choose C. start D. quit 45. A. conductor B. director C. assistant D. operator 46. A. memory B. display C. paper D. trial 47. A. detect B. promote C. purchase D. invent 48. A. restricted B. approached C. directed D. released 49. A. showing off B. giving away C. setting up D. testing out 50. A. support B. guidance C. attention D. assignment 51. A. compare B. age C. reunite D. start 52. A. health B. speed C. vision D. strength 第二节 选词填空（22.5分） 选词填空 odd; cell; input; curve; soccer; honour; classic; acquire; helicopter; context; sufficient; periodically; worldwide; as a result; in one way or another 53. He was rushed to the hospital by________. 54. All animals and plants are composed of________. 55. The falling star described a long ________in the sky. 56. Teachers meet ________to discuss the progress of the students. 57. The computer was used in teaching.________,not only was teachers’ energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons. 58. His books have sold more than 20 million copies________. 59. There has been a big ________of resources into the project from industry. 60 It is usually easier to pick out the meaning of a phrase in a given________. 61. Middle school students should be encouraged to read more ________literature. 62. But when I believe I can, then I ________the ability to do it even if I didn’t have it in the beginning. 63. The money I have saved is ________for buying a car. 64. We’ve all have experienced static electricity ________ . 65. I don’t think he is mad but he is certainly very ________ . 66. The boy who is speaking to Helen enjoys playing________. 67. We were deeply________to have dinner with the president. 第三节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the holding of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, teenagers and young children ___68___ (show) a greater interest in skiing-related activities. Chinese people born in the 1990s and after the year 2000 are the main groups of skiers, according to Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People’s Republic of China, ___69___ (base) the result on data from a renowned travel agency. “During the winter that just ended, the number of bookings for skiing-related services made by these two age groups accounted ___70___ 60 percent of the total, and the number of children who had gone skiing with their parents was on the rise.” the travel agency said. With the trend of Chinese consumers’ higher enthusiasm for skiing ___71___ (notice), a Swiss luxury watchmaker organized a day on the slopes for young skiers in early winter last year. “This reflected the company’s ___72___ (commit) to helping children believe in themselves through sports.” it said. “We ___73___ (firm) believe that sport is important for the integration of children. So,___74___ means a lot to us to be able to create environments ___75___ children can experience the fun and joy of sport,” said Franziska Gsell, chief marketing officer of the company. China had become one of the most dynamic markets for the company and they were ___76___ (confidence) about their operations in the country. The widespread popularity of ice and the emergence of indoor ski resorts and snow parks have enabled people from the southern regions of China ____77____ (experience) skiing-related activities at any time of the year 六、书面表达 78. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The long summer vacation only lasted a few days, and I stayed at home doing nothing. So, I decided to look for a summer job. The hot wind blowing in the hot summer, and my body began to sweat constantly. I knew that the job was not easy to imagine now, but I still insisted. Finally it paid off and I was excited to get a suitable job interview. I didn't have any work experience. This was my first interview. Waiting for the interview, I saw many students like me. When the manager arrived, I felt extremely nervous. Relief came as he called my name. I was chosen, and I found most students were too. Some students preferred the night shift (夜班) as they found it cooler than the daytime So I decided to take the night shift, too. When I told my mother about my night shift job, she was worried. She said it was hard work on the night shift and asked if I could hold on. I was full of confidence and said there was no problem. Although it was a little cooler than the daytime, the workshop was quiet and terrible at night. When I thought it was daybreak, I checked the time and realized it was still early in the night, less than 12 o'clock. After midnight, I went to the dining hall but lacked appetite (胃口) . I hurriedly ate a few bites of rice to avoid hunger throughout the night. Although this work looked very easy, which was to give the milk packing, only a few days later, my fingers began to blister (起水泡) , and it was very difficult to sleep during the day. 注意：1. 续写词数应为100词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just after a week, I decided to quit. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 深圳市高级中学文博、有为高中2024-2025学年第一学期 阶段性测试 高一英语 第一部分;基础知识。(单项选择:每道题1.5分，一共22.5分) 1. I ________ that I can be an excellent volunteer and make a great ________ to the club. A. suspect; appreciation B. conclude; cooperation C. remark; innovation D. guarantee; contribution 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词辨析。句意：我保证我能成为一名优秀的志愿者，为俱乐部做出巨大贡献。A.suspect怀疑； appreciation感激； B.conclude推断； cooperation合作； C.remark评论；innovation创新；D.guarantee保证； contribution贡献。由句意并结合选项可知，这里表示我“保证”成为一名优秀的志愿者并做出“贡献”，make a contribution to“对……做出贡献”是固定搭配。故选D项。 2. Wealth does not always ______ happiness; therefore, we should pursue some inner satisfaction. A. conclude B. persevere C. deserve D. guarantee 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：财富并不总是能保证幸福；因此，我们应该追求一些内心的满足。A. conclude推断；B. persevere坚持；C. deserve值得；D. guarantee保证。根据therefore, we should pursue some inner satisfaction.可知，此处表示财富并不总是能“保证”幸福。故选D项。 3. Hofman' s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales ________through the generations. A. dealt with B. carried on C. passed down D. brought out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Hofman制作的浮鱼的灵感来自中国一代一代流传下来的民间传说。A. deal with处理；B. carry on继续；C. pass down传递；D. bring out使显现。民间故事通常是一代一代向下传递的，故选C项。 4. We had a _____ time talking about the old but unforgettable days on his farm. A. embarrassed B. embarrassing C. delighted D. delightful 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们聊起在他农场度过的往昔那些难忘的日子，度过了一段愉快的时光。A. embarrassed（人）感到尴尬的；B. embarrassing令人尴尬的；C. delighted（人）感到开心的；D. delightful令人愉快的。根据句意可知，我们谈论过去难忘的日子，度过了一段愉快的时光。此处形容词修饰“time”，故选D项。 5. Students are given a lot of exercises to do, ________ to improve their grades. A. aimed B. aiming C. to be aimed D. to aim 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们要做大量的练习，目的是提高他们的成绩。动词aim意为“目的是”，和主句构成主动关系，不表示将要，所以应用现在分词的一般式的主动形式作状语。故选B。 6. The actor who gave a ________ performance as the mad king made a strong impression on the audience. A. cautious B. basic C. precious D. vivid 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那位扮演疯狂国王的演员表演生动逼真，给观众留下了深刻的印象。A.cautious小心谨慎的；B.basic初级的；C.precious珍贵的；D.vivid生动的；逼真的。根据词义辨析可知，选项D符合句意，故选D。 【点睛】 7. When ______ by the police, the young man refused to say anything about the accident. A. to question B. questioned C. questioning D. to be questioned 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当警察询问时，这个年轻人拒绝对事故说任何话。分析句子结构可知，此处为是状语从句的省略结构，当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且谓语动词中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的“主语+be”结构，question与句子主语the young man之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词形式。故选B项。 8. The customer was so _______ with his service and tipped him 100 dollars. A. upset B. disappointed C. confused D. content 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】本题考查形容词词义辨析。解题步骤：1.确定各选项意思：A. upset沮丧的；B. disappointed失望的；C. confused困惑的；D. content满意的。2.确定答案：结合后文with his service and tipped him 100 dollars可知是对服务满意（content），短语be content with“对……满意”。句意：顾客对他的服务很满意，给了他100美元小费。故选D。 9. If you want to lose weight, walking to your office every day will ______. A. crack a smile B. do the trick C. make an apology D. leave an impression 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你想减肥，每天步行去办公室就会奏效。A. crack a smile微笑：露出微笑的动作；B. do the trick奏效；C. make an apology道歉；D. leave an impression留下印象。根据上文“If you want to lose weight, walking to your office every day will”此处指走路去办公室可以减肥，应用do the trick。故选B。 10. The recent field research ________ the mystery of the Sanxingdui ancient tombs. A. cheered up B. burst onto C. threw light on D. benefited from 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：实地调查揭开了三星堆古墓之谜。A.cheered up欢呼；喝彩；B. burst on突然出现； C. threw light on使（问题等）较容易理解；阐明； D. benefited from从……获益。结合句意，这里指研究阐明了三星堆古墓的神秘。故选C。 11. Many people, some of ______ are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, _____ are often dangerous. A. who, that B. whom, that C. who, which D. whom, which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多人，其中一些人根本就不超重，却一直在节食或服用减肥药，这往往是危险的。句中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，且of后只能跟whom/which，先行词people指人，of后跟whom，排除A、C；第二空引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面的主句所描述的事情，因此第二空用关系代词which，故选D。 12. Haiti was struck by a terrible earthquake in January, ______ effects the people are still suffering months later. A. from which B. what C. where D. from whose 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：海地在1月份遭受了一场可怕的地震，几个月后，海地人民仍在遭受地震的影响。此处为介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，由句意及空后effects the people are still suffering months later可知从句缺少定语，应用关系代词whose，表示所属关系，作定语，修饰名词effects，suffer from...(忍受，遭受，患……病，受……之苦），将介词from提前，故选D项。 13. I place those photos taken with my friends ________ I can see them every day so that it could remind me of those beautiful days. A. what B. that C. when D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我把和朋友一起拍的照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，这样我就能想起那些美妙的日子。place sth. 地点状语，此处的状语是从句形式，因此为地点状语从句，故选D。 14. Her pale face suggested that she ________ seriously ill. To our surprise, she still suggested that she___ to Beijing on business. A. be；went B. was；would go C. was；could go D. was；go 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：她苍白的脸色表明她病得很严重。让我们吃惊的是，她仍然建议她去北京出差。第一句话中动词suggest，意为“表明”，所接宾语从句用陈述语气，结合主句谓语suggested以及句意，可知第一个空，也就是suggest宾语从句的谓语，应用一般过去式，结合主语，所以填was；第二句话中动词suggest，意为“建议”，所接宾语从句用虚拟语气，也就是从句谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略，所以第二个空用（should）go；故选D。 15. He got to the station but only ________ the train had gone. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. being told 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他到了车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。根据句意可知，此处表示意料之外的结果，应用only to do作结果状语，该结构中he和tell之间构成被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态。故选B。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题:每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many companies are expanding their mental—health benefits(福利), but getting employees to take advantage of them can be challenging. Puget Sound Energy is—on a mission to change that. Last year, 98% of its employees watched a 20—minute mental—health training video, and managers were offered a two—hour live mental—health training. The sessions included tips on how to recognize and respond to mental—health issues in themselves and others, information on what mental—health resources the company offers, and personal stories from PSE workers who had experienced mental illness. PSE is one of many companies expanding mental—health benefits and talking about mental health in the workplace in new ways. Workers are suffering from it, and companies recognize poor mental health among employees which is linked to lost productivity and higher medical expenses. Most companies already offer some free mental—health counseling(咨询) through an employee assistance plan, or EAP, to provide a certain number of counseling sessions annually for free. The problem is that EAPs are often not made full use of. While research indicates that 20% of the adult population experiences a mental illness each year, less than 8% of employees take advantage of their company’s EAP, says Darren Brooks. In some cases, workers don’t know their employer has an EAP because it isn’t well—promoted. In other cases, workers fear there could be repercussions if their employer finds out their depression or another mental illness. Still others face long waits to book an appointment with EAP due to a national shortage of counselors. With that in mind, some companies are improving access to mental—health services. It requires training managers to recognize signs of mental—health illness and to speak about specific challenges that people experience in their daily lives. Another part of the challenge is convincing people that it is OK to use them. To make employees more comfortable asking for help, some companies are encouraging managers and workers to share their own mental—health stories. 16. What was probably the aim of the sessions of PSE company? A. To get its employees devoted to their work. B. To ensure the mental health of its employees. C. To promote the sales of the company’s energy. D. To train its employees for medical knowledge. 17. What is the problem with EAP? A. It is not fully used by employees. B. Some employees can’t afford it for lack of money. C. Employees taking it are fired because of their illness. D. Few counselors are willing to promote it to employees. 18. What does the underlined word “repercussions” mean in the fifth paragraph? A. Benefits. B. Arrangements. C. Impacts. D. Tendencies. 19. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Improving Mental Health Boosts Productivity B. Many People Simply Don’t Want Mental Exam C. There Is a Need to Destigmatize Mental Health D. Mental—health Benefits Are Faced with Challenges 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多公司关心员工的心理健康，开展了“员工救助计划”，但是因为各种原因, 这个计划并不受员工的欢迎，计划的实施遇到各种难关。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段首句“Many companies are expanding their mental—health benefits(福利), but getting employees to take advantage of them can be challenging.( 许多公司都在扩大心理健康福利，但让员工充分利用这些福利可能是一项挑战。)”及第二段首句“Last year, 98% of its employees watched a 20—minute mental—health training video, and managers were offered a two—hour live mental—health training.( 去年，该公司98%的员工观看了一段20分钟的心理健康培训视频，经理们则接受了两小时的现场心理健康培训。)”可知, 很多公司重视员工的心理健康，并举例说PSE这家公司组织员工收看心理健康培训的视频，让经理们收看直播的心理健康培训，让公司里有过心理疾病的员工讲述自己的故事等，从这些信息推断, 这些活动都是为了确保员工的心理健康。故选B。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“In some cases, workers don’t know their employer has an EAP because it isn’t well—promoted.( 在某些情况下，员工不知道他们的雇主有EAP，因为它没有得到很好的推广。)”及“Still others face long waits to book an appointment with EAP due to a national shortage of counselors.( 还有一些人由于全国辅导员短缺，要预约EAP需要等待很长时间。)”可知，有的员工不知道公司有这个计划，因为没有被很好的推广，还有的员工预约需要很长时间，因为缺乏答询师，所以EAP的问题是它未能让员工更容易地使用。故选A。 【18题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“In other cases, workers fear there could be repercussions if their employer finds out their depression or another mental illness.( 在其他情况下，员工担心，如果雇主发现他们的抑郁症或其他精神疾病，可能会有repercussions。)”可知，有些工人担心，如果用这个“员工援助计划”做心理健康测试，会被老板发现自己有抑郁或其他的心理疾病，这样就会给他们带来“（不利）影响”。所以划线词的意思是“影响”。故选C。 【19题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章首段“Many companies are expanding their mental—health benefits(福利), but getting employees to take advantage of them can be challenging. Puget Sound Energy is—on a mission to change that. (许多公司都在扩大心理健康福利，但让员工充分利用这些福利可能是一项挑战。普吉特湾能源公司正致力于改变这一现状。)”及文章中所列举的事例可知本文主要介绍很多公司关心员工的心理健康，开展了“员工援助计划”，但是由于各种原因，员工参与的程度很低，这个计划的顺利执行遭遇各种挑战。结合选项可知选项D. Mental—health Benefits Are Faced with Challenges(心理健康福利面临挑战)概括文章内容较为全面准确。故选D。 B Legend(传说) says that soap was first discovered on Sappo Hill in Rome. According to legend, a group of Roman women were washing their clothes in the River Tiber at the base of a hill. Then some fat from the dead animals ran down into the river. ____20____ The women soon found that using that thing made the clothes easier to wash. ____21____ The evidence for this is Babylonian boxes dated at around 2800 B. C. Words on the boxes present the earliest known written soap recipe, which show how the product was made. They show the product was made from fat combined with wood ash(灰) and water. ____22____ The Ebers Papyrus shows that ancient Egyptians combined both animal and vegetable oils with salts to produce a soap—like thing. According to Pliny the Elder, the Phoenicians made soap from goats’ fat and wood ash in 600 B. C. Pompeii was one of the cities destroyed by the volcanic eruption (火山爆发)of Mt. Vesuvius in its ruins. The discovery suggests that the industry was started. ____23____ This is a big discovery for us to study the history of soap. During the early century of the Common Era, although the Romans were well known for their public baths, generally soap was not used for personal cleaning; it was used for the treatment of disease. ____24____ A. It formed something like soap. B. We can say soap was really important in history. C. So soap wasn't necessarily used for body cleaning then. D. Early Romans began to make soap in the first century A. D. E. Some other countries are also thought to have created soap. F. Also, it suggests that soap was widely known in the Roman Empire. G. However, the ancient Babylonians were the ones who invented soap. 【答案】20. A 21. G 22. E 23. F 24. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肥皂发明、发展以及使用的历史。 【20题详解】 上文“Legend says that soap was first discovered on Sappo Hill in Rome. (传说肥皂最早是在罗马的Sappo山上被发现的。)”以及“Then some fat from the dead animals ran down into the river. (然后一些死亡动物身上的脂肪流到了河里。)”说明一种传说是肥皂最早在罗马被发现的，起因是有一些死亡动物的脂肪流到河里，选项A“它形成了类似肥皂的东西。”承接上文，说明了肥皂的成因。选项中It指上文中的some fat from the dead animals，逻辑合理，语义一致。故选A项。 【21题详解】 下文“The evidence for this is Babylonian boxes dated at around 2800 B. C. Words on the boxes present the earliest known written soap recipe, which show how the product was made. (这方面的证据是公元前2800年左右的巴比伦盒子。盒子上的文字展示了已知的最早的书面肥皂配方，说明了产品是如何制作的。)”说明有证据表明古巴比伦人发明了肥皂，选项G “然而，古巴比伦人是发明肥皂的人。”承接第一段，转折语义，说明肥皂并不是罗马人发明的，是古巴比伦人发明的，引出下文。选项中Babylonian和下文中Babylonian语义相关。故选G项。 【22题详解】 下文“The Ebers Papyrus shows that ancient Egyptians combined both animal and vegetable oils with salts to produce a soap—like thing. According to Pliny the Elder, the Phoenicians made soap from goats’ fat and wood ash in 600 B. C. (Ebers Papyrus表明，古埃及人将动物油和植物油与盐结合，生产出一种类似肥皂的东西。根据老普林尼的记载，腓尼基人在公元前600年用山羊脂肪和木灰制作了肥皂。)”说明还有其他国家发明肥皂的记载和证据，选项E“其他一些国家也被认为制造了肥皂。”承接上两段肥皂在古罗马和古巴比伦的历史，说明还有其他国家也被认为制造过肥皂，和下文逻辑一致，语义通顺。故选E项。 【23题详解】 上文“Pompeii was one of the cities destroyed by the volcanic eruption (火山爆发)of Mt. Vesuvius in its ruins. The discovery suggests that the industry was started. (庞贝古城是维苏威火山爆发摧毁的城市之一。这一发现表明该行业已经起步。)”说明在庞贝城的考古发现制造肥皂的行业已经兴起，选项“此外，它表明肥皂在罗马帝国是众所周知的。”承接上文，说明庞贝城的考古发现表明肥皂在罗马帝国已经众所周知。上文中Pompeii是选项中the Roman Empire的一座城市。故选F项。 【24题详解】 上文“…generally soap was not used for personal cleaning; it was used for the treatment of disease. (……但一般来说，肥皂并不用于个人清洁；它被用来治疗疾病。)”说明在早期，肥皂并不用于个人清洁，选项C“所以肥皂并不一定用于身体清洁。”承接上文，进一步说明肥皂的用途，并不一定用于清洁，和上文存在因果关系，逻辑合理。故选C项。 C In the last few years, “bike­sharing” companies like oBike, ofo, and Mobike began flooding (挤满) streets in places like China, Japan, Australia, and Singapore with bikes. But it didn’t take long before there were too many companies and too many bikes on the streets. Soon many companies went out of business, leaving behind thousands of unused rental bikes. Many of them were completely new. Businessman Mike Than Tun Win realized that though these bikes didn’t have any value where they were, they could do a lot of good for schoolchildren in Myanmar. Some children in Myanmar travel an hour or more on foot every day to get to school. Soon, Mr. Than Tun Win had raised around $400,000 for the LessWalk project. About half of the money was his own, and the other half was given by companies. The LessWalk project bought thousands of new rental bikes from failed companies and shipped them to Myanmar. Once in Myanmar, the bikes are changed to make them more useful for students. The rental bikes used to require a smartphone app to unlock them. LessWalk changed this for a lock with a key. They also added a second place to sit at the back of the bikes, allowing two children to ride to school on one bike. Recently they’ve added another change — they’re using special tires that don’t go flat to take the place of the bike’s regular tires. With all the changes, Mr. Than says each bike costs LessWalk about $35. Giving out the bikes takes a little longer, since LessWalk wants to make sure that the bikes go to the students who need them the most. The project is working with Myanmar’s government and schools to focus on poor students who walk close to two hours a day to school. Though LessWalk only began in March, the project has already brought around 22,500 bikes into Myanmar and has given out over 1,000 bikes. Mr. Than Tun Win hopes to bring in as many as 100,000 bikes and expand the program to Laos and Cambodia. 25. What is the function of the first paragraph in the passage? A. To attract readers’ attention to “bike­sharing” companies. B. To introduce a new topic for discussion. C. To use some examples to support the topic. D. To provide background information on the topic. 26. Why did Mike Than Tun Win set up the LessWalk project? A. To make money. B. To help the needy. C. To grow his business. D. To spread his green travel idea. 27. What can we learn about the bikes that the LessWalk project offers? A. They are all old shared bikes. B. They allow two people to ride on one bike. C. They only allow an hour of use a day. D. They require a smartphone app to unlock them. 28. Why does giving out the bikes take a little longer? A. There aren’t enough bikes for the locals. B. The locals show little interest in bikes. C. The project has to pick out its users carefully. D. The project hasn’t yet received the local government’s support. 【答案】25. D 26. B 27. B 28. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，商人Mike Than Tun Win回收利用共享单车，将其改造后提供给缅甸偏远地区的孩子，方便他们上学。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段“In the last few years, “bike­sharing” companies like oBike, ofo, and Mobike began flooding (挤满) streets in places like China, Japan, Australia, and Singapore with bikes. But it didn’t take long before there were too many companies and too many bikes on the streets. Soon many companies went out of business, leaving behind thousands of unused rental bikes. Many of them were completely new. (在过去的几年里，oBike、ofo和摩拜单车等“共享单车”公司开始在中国、日本、澳大利亚和新加坡等地的街道上大量投放自行车。但没过多久，街上就出现了太多的公司和太多的自行车。很快，许多公司倒闭了，留下了数千辆未使用的租赁自行车。其中许多都是全新的)”可知，第一段是为后文讲述Mike Than Tun Win购买被闲置的共享单车做公益提供背景信息。故选D项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段中的“The LessWalk project bought thousands of new rental bikes from failed companies and shipped them to Myanmar. Once in Myanmar, the bikes are changed to make them more useful for students. (LessWalk项目从失败的公司购买了数千辆新的租赁自行车，并将其运往缅甸。一旦进入缅甸，自行车就会被改造，使其对学生更有用)”和第四段中的“Giving out the bikes takes a little longer, since LessWalk wants to make sure that the bikes go to the students who need them the most. (发放自行车需要更长的时间，因为LessWalk希望确保自行车能送到最需要的学生手中)”可知，Mike Than Tun Win建立LessWalk项目是为了帮助有需要的人。故选B项。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中的“They also added a second place to sit at the back of the bikes, allowing two children to ride to school on one bike. (他们还在自行车后面增加了第二个座位，允许两个孩子骑一辆自行车上学)”可知，LessWalk项目提供的自行车可以载两个人。故选B项。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段“Giving out the bikes takes a little longer, since LessWalk wants to make sure that the bikes go to the students who need them the most. The project is working with Myanmar’s government and schools to focus on poor students who walk close to two hours a day to school. (发放自行车需要更长的时间，因为LessWalk希望确保自行车能送到最需要的学生手中。该项目正在与缅甸政府和学校合作，重点关注每天步行近两个小时上学的贫困学生)”可知，LessWalk项目是为了帮助真正有需要的学生，它正在与缅甸政府和学校合作，是在仔细挑选用户，以便把自行车送到真正有需要的学生的手里，所以发放自行车需要更长的时间。故选C项。 D Smart Steps to Keep Safe “Social distancing (社交距离)”, this is a phrase used to stop the coronavirus (冠状病毒) from spreading (传播). ___29___ Are people listening? Yes and no. As more bars and restaurants close, people will have no choice. There is a good reason to follow this rule. Even people who show no symptoms (症状) may have the virus (病毒). They may feel they can mingle with (和……交往) others. ___30___ What are the rules? Social distancing You should stay six feet away from others. Avoid using public transportation. Experts (专家) say that every single contact with others not made will have a big impact. You will keep the virus from spreading. ___31___ Older people and people in poor health are in more danger. But young people are not immune (免疫的). They may only have mild symptoms, but they may be carriers. They should not hang around (经常和某人在一起) with fragile (脆弱的) family members and others. If they do, it may add to the number of people infected (感染). You can leave your house It’s OK to go outdoors for fresh air and exercise. ___32___, but to avoid being in close contact with people. When you do leave your home, wipe down any surfaces you come into contact with. Also, disinfect your hands with an alcohol-based sanitizer (消毒杀菌剂). Avoid touching your face. Always wash your hands when you come in from outside. Go to the supermarket Buy as much as you can to reduce the number of trips you will need to make. Pick a time when the store is less crowded. Any surface inside the store may be contaminated. Use a disinfecting wipe to clean the handle of the grocery cart. If you do wear gloves make sure you do not touch your face until you have taken the gloves off. Family visits If anyone in the family is at great risk, sick people should not visit. If everyone is young and healthy, small groups may do so. ___33___ The playground Healthy kids need outdoor activities. Playgrounds may be danger zones. Kids also tend to touch their mouths, noses and faces a lot. Parks or playgrounds with few kids are ideal. Take hand sanitizers and clean any surfaces with disinfecting wipes. Do this before the kids begin to play. What is next? No one knows how long this crisis will last. An expert said,“We are in uncharted territory. ” A. In any event, phoning and video visits are important. B. The point is not to remain indoors. C. But they are spreading the virus. D. Avoid being in close contact with people. E. It means staying away from people. F. You can go to the supermarket with kids. G. Young people are not safe. 【答案】29. E 30. C 31. G 32. B 33. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了面对新冠状病毒采取的几种明智的安全措施。 【29题详解】 前文““Social distancing (社交距离)”, this is a phrase used to stop the coronavirus (冠状病毒) from spreading (传播). (“社交距离”是一个用来阻止冠状病毒防治传播的短语)”介绍了“社交距离”这一概念，E选项“It means staying away from people. (这意味着远离人群)”承接前文，代词it指代前文的“Social distancing”，进一步解释了该短语的含义。故选E。 【30题详解】 前文“Even people who show no symptoms (症状) may have the virus (病毒). They may feel they can mingle with (和……交往) others. (即使是没有症状的人可能感染了病毒。他们可能觉得自己可以和其他人交往)”强调一些没有症状的人实际上是可能感染病毒的，选项C“But they are spreading the virus. (但他们正在传播病毒)”与前文构成转折关系，虽然他们没有症状，觉得自己可以和其他人交往，但实际上他们正在传播病毒。选项中的复数they指代前文那些无症状感染的人。故选C。 【31题详解】 根据其它段落的结构，该空位于本段的小标题位置。本段“Older people and people in poor health are in more danger. But young people are not immune (免疫的). They may only have mild symptoms, but they may be carriers. They should not hang around (经常和某人在一起) with fragile (脆弱的) family members and others. If they do, it may add to the number of people infected (感染). (老年人和健康状况不佳的人面临的危险更大。但年轻人也不能幸免。他们可能只有轻微的症状，但也可能是携带者。他们不应该经常和脆弱的家庭成员或其他人在一起。如果他们这样做，可能会增加感染人数）”主要介绍了年轻人也并不安全，所以G选项“Young people are not safe.(年轻人并不安全）”可充当本段的标题。故选G。 【32题详解】 根据空前内容“It’s OK to go outdoors for fresh air and exercise. (到户外呼吸新鲜空气和锻炼身体是可以的)”可知，作者建议去户外呼吸新鲜空气和锻炼身体，空后“but to avoid being in close contact with people.(但要避免与人近距离接触)”与该空构成转折关系，由此可推出，该空和前文内容保持一致，强调要去户外，但是在户外时避免与人近距离接触，所以B选项“The point is not to remain indoors.(重点是不要呆在室内)”符合题意。故选B。 【33题详解】 空前“If anyone in the family is at great risk, sick people should not visit. If everyone is young and healthy, small groups may do so. (如果家里有人处于危险中，病人就不应该去探望。如果每个人都年轻健康，那么小团体也可以这样做)”强调不要去探亲，选项A“In any event, phoning and video visits are important.(不管发生什么事，电话和视频访问很重要)”中的phoning and video visits代替了前文中实际面对面的探亲方式。故选A。 E Ingvar Kamprad, who started IKEA as a teenager, died at the age of 91. He built one of the world’s biggest furniture companies. There are two aspects of modern life that we have IKEA to thank for: flat-pack (平板包装) furniture and a hop layout. IKEA first brought out its flat-pack furniture in the 1950s. Whether you love or hate this concept, it was a stroke of genius and an effective way of making the masses value the brand. Obvious aspects of it are cost-efficiency and the practicality of shipping. When IKEA made the switch away from selling furniture that was already assembled, it was most likely unaware of how it would influence its consumers. Yet scientists have since managed to explain why consumers simply can’t get enough of building their own furniture. The simple act of touching products can increase your overall perceived (感知到的) value of the product. Couple this with the fact that the more effort a consumer has put into building something the more they like it. Tests have shown that the actual act of putting something together (even though here may be sweat and tears involved) so that it becomes a complete object produces a much more favorable perception of that object than one would get from purchasing it in a complete form. The phenomenon is known as the IKEA effect. This effect is further improved by the fact that touch itself is related to emotion. This means that when we touch something the emotive part of our brain is activated so that we experience a close connection with the product emotionally. Thus, the happy assembler of that flat pack will, once finished, feel proud of their achievement and experience feelings of being closely connected to the item. The layout of the IKEA store has also paved the way for a more creative way of thinking about how to guide customer. If you have ever visited one of its huge warehouse (仓库) stores, you may have gone in thinking you were going to buy a few items, only to find yourself coming out of the store with a shopping cart full of things. This is because of its circular design and one-way system. This design means you often can’t see what is coming next and fear you will miss something if you don’t continue all the way along the path. IKEA’s creative ability to tap into the unconsciousness of consumer is undoubtedly a big part of its success—and also why it’s been copied by many other companies. Even though Ingvar Kamprad is no longer with us, IKEA has inherited from him a spirit of thinking outside the box to communicate with consumers. It will be interesting to see what follows next. 34. What can we learn about Ingvar Kamprad? A. He preferred to sell furniture rather than produce it. B. He set up IKEA with the help of a couple of psychologists. C. He was aware that his ideas would influence customers and other companies. D. His idea of flat-pack furniture has made his company popular with the public. 35. The underlined word “assembled” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “______”. A. packed up B. ordered beforehand C. fit together D. torn apart 36. What’s the special feature of the IKEA stores in design? A. Flat-packed products. B. Large-sized layout. C. Free-accessed shopping. D. Round-shaped route. 37. The layout of the IKEA stores is aimed to ______. A. meet people’s needs B. promote its own sales C. catch others’ imagination D. improve the shopping experience 【答案】34. D 35. C 36. D 37. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上最大的家具公司之一宜家，及它的平装家具理念和独特的门店布局。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Ingvar Kamprad, who started IKEA as a teenager, died at the age of 91. He built one of the world’s biggest furniture companies.”（英格瓦·坎普拉德十几岁时创办了宜家，91岁时去世。他创建了世界上最大的家具公司之一。）和第三段内容“IKEA first brought out its flat-pack furniture in the 1950s. Whether you love or hate this concept, it was a stroke of genius and an effective way of making the masses value the brand. Obvious aspects of it are cost-efficiency and the practicality of shipping.”（宜家最早在20世纪50年代推出平装家具。无论你喜不喜欢这个概念，它都是一种天才之举，是让大众重视品牌的有效方式。显而易见的是成本效益和运输的实用性。）可知，宜家创始人英格瓦·坎普拉德在20世纪50年代推出平装家具，这是一种天才之举，让大众更加重视这个品牌，深受公众欢迎，宜家也成为世界上最大的家具公司之一，由此可推断出，关于英格瓦·坎普拉德，我们能知道他的平装家具理念使他的公司深受公众欢迎。故选D项。 【35题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段关键句“Tests have shown that the actual act of putting something together (even though here may be sweat and tears involved) so that it becomes a complete object produces a much more favorable perception of that object than one would get from purchasing it in a complete form. The phenomenon is known as the IKEA effect.”（测试表明，将某物组装在一起（尽管这里可能会包含汗水和眼泪），使其成为一个完整的物体的实际行为，会产生比以完整形式购买该物体更有利的感知。这种现象被称为宜家效应。）可知，宜家的平装家具理念主张让顾客亲自组装家具，而不是售卖已经组装好的家具，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是“宜家不再销售已经组装好的家具”，“fit together”意为“组装在一起”，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“This is because of its circular design and one-way system. This design means you often can’t see what is coming next and fear you will miss something if you don’t continue all the way along the path.”（这是因为它的圆形设计和单向系统。这种设计意味着你经常看不到接下来会发现什么，担心如果你不继续沿着这条路走下去，你会错过一些东西。）可知，宜家门店在设计上采用圆形设计和单向系统，这样更有利于引导顾客消费，由此可知，宜家门店在设计上的特点是圆形路线。故选D项。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“The layout of the IKEA store has also paved the way for a more creative way of thinking about how to guide customer. If you have ever visited one of its huge warehouse (仓库) stores, you may have gone in thinking you were going to buy a few items, only to find yourself coming out of the store with a shopping cart full of things.”（宜家门店的布局也为如何引导顾客提供了更具创造性的思考方式。如果你曾经去过它的一家大型仓储式商店，你可能会以为你要买几样东西，结果却发现自己带着一辆装满东西的购物车从商店出来。）可知，宜家门店的布局是为了更好地引导顾客消费，促使顾客购买更多的东西，由此可知，宜家门店的布局旨在促进自己的销售。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 80-year-old Joao is a great Brazilian classical pianist. At the age of 8, he had already won a contest ____38____ Bach. He could play 21 notes per second at the ____39____ of his skills. However, fortune wasn’t ____40____ to Joao. At 24 years old, he suffered an accident that ____41____ the nerves in three of his fingers. And at 55, he was struck in the head, leaving him with brain injuries that completely paralyzed (使瘫痪) his ____42____. He had to abandon the piano, since he could ____43____ use his fingers. But paralyzed hands weren’t enough to make him ____44____ his musical career. Joao became a(n) ____45____ in 2003. He couldn’t turn the pages in the score or even swing the stick, so instead, he just committed every score to ____46____, note by note—almost 5,000 score pages. Luckily, an engineer who saw him playing live decided to _____47_____ something to help him. After a concert, he _____48_____ Joao with the first model of a pair of special artificial gloves. After _____49_____ several models, the perfect match was created. The gloves provide the necessary _____50_____ for each finger and can even “tune” to what he plays. After more than 20 years, João could finally _____51_____ with his piano. João knows that he might never recover his _____52_____ of the past. But he’s starting over, and he will keep pushing. 38. A. adapting B. reciting C. playing D. writing 39. A. mercy B. option C. drop D. peak 40. A. kind B. equal C. mean D. familiar 41 A. repaired B. damaged C. sustained D. touched 42. A. legs B. arms C. face D. chest 43. A. totally B. simply C. barely D. freely 44. A. pursue B. choose C. start D. quit 45. A. conductor B. director C. assistant D. operator 46. A. memory B. display C. paper D. trial 47. A. detect B. promote C. purchase D. invent 48. A. restricted B. approached C. directed D. released 49. A. showing off B. giving away C. setting up D. testing out 50. A. support B. guidance C. attention D. assignment 51. A. compare B. age C. reunite D. start 52. A. health B. speed C. vision D. strength 【答案】38. C 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位伟大的巴西古典钢琴家Joao的个人经历。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：8岁时，他已经赢得了演奏巴赫的比赛。A. adapting使适应；B. reciting背诵；C. playing演奏；D. writing写。根据上文“80-year-old Joao is a great Brazilian classical pianist.”可知他在8岁时演奏Bach时获得了奖项，故选C。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他技术的巅峰时期，他可以每秒演奏21个音符。A. mercy怜悯；B. option选择；C. drop落差；D. peak最高点，尖端。根据上文“He could play 21 notes per second”可知一定是在他技术达到顶峰的时刻，故选D。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，命运并没有眷顾Joao。A. kind友好的；B. equal平等的；C. mean刻薄的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文“At 24 years old, he suffered an accident”可知命运对他并不友好，他遭遇了车祸，损伤了手指，故选A。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：24岁时，他遭遇了一场事故，损伤了他三个手指的神经。A. repaired修理；B. damaged损伤；C. sustained支撑；D. touched接触。根据上文“At 24 years old, he suffered an accident”可知出了事故，应该是损伤了手指的神经，故选B。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：55岁时，他被击中头部，脑部受伤，手臂完全瘫痪。A. legs腿；B. arms手臂；C. face脸；D. chest胸部。根据下文“But paralyzed hands weren’t enough”可知应是手臂瘫痪了，故选B。 【43题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。 句意：他不得不放弃钢琴，因为他几乎不能使用手指。A. totally完全；B. simply仅仅；C. barely几乎不；D. freely自由地。根据上文“At 24 years old, he suffered an accident that ____4____ the nerves in three of his fingers.”和“And at 55, he was struck in the head, leaving him with brain injuries that completely paralyzed (使瘫痪) his 　　　　　　　　5　.”可知他手指损伤，加上瘫痪，所以是几乎不能使用手指，故选C。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但瘫痪的双手并不足以让他放弃音乐事业。A. pursue追求；B. choose选择；C. start开始；D. quit放弃。根据下文“Joao became a(n) ____8____ in 2003.”可知他并没有放弃音乐事业。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joao于2003年成为一名指挥。A. conductor指挥；B. director导演；C. assistant助理；D. operator操作员。根据下文“swing the stick”可知是指挥，故选A。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不能翻动乐谱，甚至不能挥动乐谱杆，所以他只能一个音符一个音符地把乐谱记在脑子里——差不多有5000页乐谱。A. memory记忆；B. display展览；C. paper纸；D. trial试验。根据上文“He couldn’t turn the pages in the score or even swing the stick”可知他只有依靠没有受伤的地方，也就是大脑，去记忆，故选A。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一位工程师看到了他的现场表演，决定发明一些东西来帮助他。A. detect查明；B. promote促进；C. purchase采购；D. invent发明。根据下文“After ____12____ several models, the perfect match was created.”可知是发明帮助他的东西，故选D。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 一场音乐会结束后，他拿着第一副特殊人造手套的模型走近Joao。A. restricted限制；B. approached走近；C. directed指导；D. released释放。根据下文“with the first model of a pair of special artificial gloves.”要给他发明的手套，所以应该是走近他，故选B。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在测试了几个模型后，完美的匹配就产生了。A. showing off炫耀；B. giving away赠送；C. setting up建立；D. testing out测试。根据下文“the perfect match was created.”可知是经过几次模型的测试，故选D。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种手套为每根手指提供了必要的支撑，甚至还可以“调试”他演奏的音乐。A. support支撑；B. guidance指导；C. attention注意；D. assignment任务。根据下文“for each finger and can even “tune” to what he plays”可知是给每个手指提供支撑，故选A。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：20多年后，Joao终于可以和他的钢琴重聚了。A. compare比较；B. age使变老；C. reunite使重聚；D. start开始。根据上文“The gloves provide the necessary ____13____ for each finger and can even “tune” to what he plays.”可知他又可以弹钢琴了，所以是重聚，故选C。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joao知道他可能永远无法恢复过去的速度。A. health健康；B. speed速度；C. vision视力；D. strength力量。根据前文“He could play 21 notes per second at the ____2____ of his skills.”可知是无法恢复到过去弹琴的速度，但是他会一直努力，故选B。 第二节 选词填空（22.5分） 选词填空 odd; cell; input; curve; soccer; honour; classic; acquire; helicopter; context; sufficient; periodically; worldwide; as a result; in one way or another 53. He was rushed to the hospital by________. 54. All animals and plants are composed of________. 55. The falling star described a long ________in the sky. 56. Teachers meet ________to discuss the progress of the students. 57. The computer was used in teaching.________,not only was teachers’ energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons. 58. His books have sold more than 20 million copies________. 59. There has been a big ________of resources into the project from industry. 60. It is usually easier to pick out the meaning of a phrase in a given________. 61 Middle school students should be encouraged to read more ________literature. 62. But when I believe I can, then I ________the ability to do it even if I didn’t have it in the beginning. 63. The money I have saved is ________for buying a car. 64. We’ve all have experienced static electricity ________ . 65. I don’t think he is mad but he is certainly very ________ . 66. The boy who is speaking to Helen enjoys playing________. 67. We were deeply________to have dinner with the president. 【答案】53. helicopter 54. cells 55. curve 56. periodically 57. As a result 58 worldwide 59. input 60. context 61. classic 62. acquire 63. sufficient 64. in one way or another 65. odd 66. soccer 67. honoured 【解析】 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：他被直升飞机紧急送往医院。根据句意以及空前介词by可知，此处为名词helicopter“直升飞机”，构成介词短语by helicopter“乘坐直升飞机”，满足句意要求。故填helicopter。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：所有动物和植物都是由细胞组成的。根据句意以及空前are composed of动词短语可知，此处为复数名词cells“细胞”，作宾语，满足句意要求。故填cells。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：流星在天空划出一道长长的弧线。根据句意以及空前a long可知，此处为名词curve“弧线”，作宾语，满足句意要求。故填curve。 【56题详解】 考查副词。句意：老师们定期开会讨论学生的进步。分析句子可知，此处为副词periodically“定期”作状语修饰动词meet，满足句意要求。故填periodically。 【57题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：计算机被用于教学。结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，而且学生对课程也更感兴趣了。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语As a result“结果”，作状语，满足句意要求，句首单词首字母大写。故填As a result。 【58题详解】 考查副词。句意：他的书在全球销售了2000多万册。根据句意可知，此处为副词worldwide“在世界范围内”作状语修饰动词have sold，满足句意要求。故填worldwide。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：工业界为这个项目投入了大量资源。根据句意以及空前a big可知，此处为名词input“投入”，作主语，由a可知，应用单数，满足句意要求。故填input。 【60题详解】 考查名词。句意：在给定的上下文中，通常更容易领会一个短语的意思。根据句意以及空前a given可知，此处为名词context“上下文”，作宾语，由a可知，应用单数。故填context。 【61题详解】 考查形容词。句意：应该鼓励中学生多读经典文学作品。根据句意以及空后literature为名词可知，此处为形容词classic“经典的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填classic。 【62题详解】 考查动词。句意：但当我相信我能做到的时候，我就会获得去做的能力，即使一开始我没有这种能力。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，应为动词acquire“获得”，满足句意要求，由从句动词believe可知，此处动词也应为一般现在时。故填acquire。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我存的钱足够买一辆车。根据句意以及空前系动词is可知，此处为形容词sufficient“足够的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填sufficient。 【64题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我们都以这样或那样的方式经历过静电。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语in one way or another“以某种方式”，作状语，满足句意要求。故填in one way or another。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我不认为他疯了，但他确实很古怪。根据句意以及空前is系动词可知，此处为形容词odd“古怪的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填odd。 【66题详解】 考查名词。句意：正在和海伦说话的那个男孩喜欢踢足球。根据句意以及空前enjoys playing可知，此处为名词soccer“足球”，play soccer意为“踢足球”，满足句意要求。故填soccer。 【67题详解】 考查形容词。句意：能与总统共进晚餐，我们深感荣幸。根据句意以及空前were系动词可知，此处为形容词honoured“荣幸的”，作表语，满足句意要求。故填honoured。 第三节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the holding of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, teenagers and young children ___68___ (show) a greater interest in skiing-related activities. Chinese people born in the 1990s and after the year 2000 are the main groups of skiers, according to Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People’s Republic of China, ___69___ (base) the result on data from a renowned travel agency. “During the winter that just ended, the number of bookings for skiing-related services made by these two age groups accounted ___70___ 60 percent of the total, and the number of children who had gone skiing with their parents was on the rise.” the travel agency said. With the trend of Chinese consumers’ higher enthusiasm for skiing ___71___ (notice), a Swiss luxury watchmaker organized a day on the slopes for young skiers in early winter last year. “This reflected the company’s ___72___ (commit) to helping children believe in themselves through sports.” it said. “We ___73___ (firm) believe that sport is important for the integration of children. So___74___ means a lot to us to be able to create environments ___75___ children can experience the fun and joy of sport,” said Franziska Gsell, chief marketing officer of the company. China had become one of the most dynamic markets for the company and they were ___76___ (confidence) about their operations in the country. The widespread popularity of ice and the emergence of indoor ski resorts and snow parks have enabled people from the southern regions of China ____77____ (experience) skiing-related activities at any time of the year. 【答案】68. have shown##have showed 69. basing 70. for 71. noticed 72. commitment 73. firmly 74. it 75. where 76. confident 77. to experience 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是自2022年北京冬奥会举办以来，青少年和幼儿对滑雪相关活动表现出了更大的兴趣，而中国90后和00后成为滑雪的主要群体。 【68题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自2022年北京冬奥会举办以来，青少年和幼儿对滑雪相关活动表现出了更大的兴趣。空处为谓语动词，由句意及时间状语Since the holding of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games可知，应用现在完成时，show的过去分词为shown/showed且主语为teenagers and young children，助动词使用have。故填have shown或have showed。 【69题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中华人民共和国文化和旅游部根据一家知名旅行社的数据得出的结论称，中国90后和00后是滑雪的主要群体。空处为非谓语动词，Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People’s Republic of China与base之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作方式状语。故填basing。 【70题详解】 考查介词。句意：在刚刚结束的冬季，这两个年龄组的滑雪相关服务预订数量占总数的60%，与父母一起滑雪的孩子数量也在增加。account for“占比例为……”，固定搭配。故填for。 【71题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人们注意到中国消费者对滑雪的热情越来越高，一家瑞士奢侈制表商在去年初冬为年轻的滑雪者组织了一天的滑雪活动。由句意及空前的With the trend of Chinese consumers’ higher enthusiasm for skiing，可知此处为with复合结构，the trend of Chinese consumers’ higher enthusiasm for skiing与notice之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，构成with复合结构。故填noticed。 【72题详解】 考查名词。句意：该公司表示：“这反映了公司通过体育运动帮助孩子们相信自己的承诺。”由句意及空前的This reflected the company’s可知，此处应填名词形式commitment，作宾语。故填commitment。 【73题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们坚信体育对孩子们的融合很重要。由句意及空后的believe可知，应填副词形式firmly，作状语，修饰动词believe。故填firmly。 【74题详解】 考查it作形式主语。句意：所以，能够创造环境让孩子们体验到运动的乐趣和快乐对我们来说意义重大。分析句子结构及句意可知此处应填it，作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填it。 【75题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：所以，能够创造环境让孩子们体验到运动的乐趣和快乐对我们来说意义重大。此处为定语从句，先行词为environment，从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 【76题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国已成为该公司最具活力的市场之一，他们对在中国的业务充满信心。由句意及空前的they were可知，应填形容词形式，作表语，be confident about“对……有信心”。故填confident。 【77题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：冰雪的广泛普及以及室内滑雪场和冰雪公园的出现，使得中国南方地区的人们在一年中的任何时候都能体验到与滑雪相关的活动。enable sb to do…“使某人能够做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to experience。 六、书面表达 78. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The long summer vacation only lasted a few days, and I stayed at home doing nothing. So, I decided to look for a summer job. The hot wind blowing in the hot summer, and my body began to sweat constantly. I knew that the job was not easy to imagine now, but I still insisted. Finally it paid off and I was excited to get a suitable job interview. I didn't have any work experience. This was my first interview. Waiting for the interview, I saw many students like me. When the manager arrived, I felt extremely nervous. Relief came as he called my name. I was chosen, and I found most students were too. Some students preferred the night shift (夜班) as they found it cooler than the daytime So I decided to take the night shift, too. When I told my mother about my night shift job, she was worried. She said it was hard work on the night shift and asked if I could hold on. I was full of confidence and said there was no problem. Although it was a little cooler than the daytime, the workshop was quiet and terrible at night. When I thought it was daybreak, I checked the time and realized it was still early in the night, less than 12 o'clock. After midnight, I went to the dining hall but lacked appetite (胃口) . I hurriedly ate a few bites of rice to avoid hunger throughout the night. Although this work looked very easy, which was to give the milk packing, only a few days later, my fingers began to blister (起水泡) , and it was very difficult to sleep during the day. 注意：1. 续写词数应为100词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just after a week, I decided to quit. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Just after a week, I decided to quit. The physical exhaustion and mental stress were overwhelming. My body ached from the repetitive motions and the blisters on my fingers were a constant reminder of the physical toll. My mother’s concerns about the night shift proved valid. I realized that balancing school and such demanding work was not feasible for me. With a heavy heart, I informed the manager of my decision, explaining that it was best for me to focus on my studies. It was a difficult lesson learned, but one that taught me the importance of self-awareness and prioritizing my well-being. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，主要介绍了作者在漫长的暑假初期无所事事，于是决定寻找一份暑期工作来充实自己的经历。尽管夏日炎炎，作者仍坚持寻找，并最终获得了一个面试机会。尽管这是作者的第一次面试，且没有工作经验，但他成功获得了工作机会，并选择了夜班工作，尽管母亲对此表示担忧。然而，夜班工作的艰辛超出了作者的预期，工作环境寂静而压抑，工作时间导致生物钟紊乱，甚至影响了日常睡眠和食欲。几天下来，作者的手指因工作而起了水泡，白天难以入睡。 【详解】1.段落续写 由段首句“一周后，我决定辞职。”可知，本段可描写作者在经历一周夜班劳累之后选择辞职，学会自我认知与健康优先，平衡学业与工作，感悟生活不易。 2.续写线索：决定放弃——身心疲惫——自我反思——专注学习 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①疼：ache/hurt ②通知：inform/notify ③专注于：focus on/concentrate on 情绪类 ①担心：concern/worry ②困难的：difficult/hard/tough 【点睛】【高分句型1】I realized that balancing school and such demanding work was not feasible for me.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】With a heavy heart, I informed the manager of my decision, explaining that it was best for me to focus on my studies.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$