Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading for Writing 重点词汇 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

1. supply  /səˈplaɪ/  n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品  vt. 供应；供给 例句：The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。 拓展知识： supply sth. to sb. = supply sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 写作佳句：Many people take it from granted that the world's supply of fresh water will never be used up. 许多人想当然地认为世界上的淡水供应永远不会用完。 名师点津：“向某人提供某物”的相关表达 ① provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb. ② offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb. 学以致用：1. We decided to collect as many school supplies(supply) as possible, and make them into kits—one kit, one child. 2. We took care of this girl, supplying her with everything she needed. 3. But even if not requested, you can do one anyway and supply it to your manager. 2. survive  /səˈvaɪv/  vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过 例句：She's feeding the baby who survived the earthquake. 她正在喂地震中幸存的婴儿。 拓展知识： ① A survive(s) B by…… A比B多活…… survive the accident/war/earthquake 在事故/战争/地震中存活下来 ② survive on 靠……生存下来 ③ survivor n. 幸存者 ④ survival n. 幸存，生存，存活 写作佳句：Although the crew got into a picnic and there were many difficulties, they manage to survive. 尽管船员们陷入了恐慌，遇到了许多困难，他们还是设法活了下来。 学以致用：1.Officials said there were no survivors(survive) in the plane crash. 2. I don't know how you all manage to survive on your small salary. 3. As far as I know, the old man survived the earthquake, but nobody knew how he survived. Finally, he survived his wife by ten years. 3. calm  /kɑ:m/  adj. 镇静的；沉着的  vt.使平静；使镇静 例句：Stay calm. 保持镇静 拓展知识： keep calm 保持镇定 calm down 平静下来，镇静下来 calmly adv. 镇静地，平静地 写作佳句：Through the drill, we have learned how to escape in an emergency. I think it is important for us to remain calm. 通过这次演习，我们学习了如何在紧急情况下逃生，我认为保持冷静对我们来说是很重要的。 学以致用：1. She was breathing deeply and tried to calm herself(she). 2. She managed to calm down the boy and seek help from a neighbour. 3. With this awareness, we can overcome all the challenges calmly(calm) and confidently. 4. aid  /eɪd/  n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt. (formal) 帮助；援助 例句：Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. 目前（人们）正在为这些受海啸袭击的国家组织国外援助。 拓展知识： ① give sb. first aid = give first aid to sb. 对某人进行急救 come/go to one's aid/help 帮助某人 with the aid of …… 在……的帮助下 in aid of 为了援助 ② aid sb. in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事方面帮助某人 aid sb. with sth. 以某事/某物帮助某人 aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 写作佳句：Sometimes, we aid our parents to do some homework, which will relieve our parents' burden. 有时，我们帮助父母做一些家务，这将减轻父母的负担。 学以致用：1. The moment he saw the poor girl on TV, he determined to aid her in continuing(continue) her study. 2. They collect much money in aid of the poor girl. 5. on hand 现有（尤指帮助） 例句：Now for our emergency supplies, we would suggest always having on hand enough water and food for three days. 对于我们的应急物资，我们建议手头要有足以应付三天的水和食物。 拓展知识： ① By hand 手工 ② in hand 在手头，可供使用，在掌握中，在控制中，正在处理中 ③ hand in hand 手拉手，密切关联，相连带 ④ (close/near) at hand 在附近，在手边 ⑤ (at) first hand 第一手，亲自 写作佳句：First, get organized and make sure we have materials on hand to make reliable notes. 首先，要有条理，确保我们手头有可以做可靠笔记的材料。 学以致用：1. The insecticide might harm the flowers. Let's pick off the insects by hand. 2. When he writes, he always keeps a dictionary at hand. 3. Hand in hand, we headed home. 6. strike  /straɪk/  vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打  n. 罢工；罢课；袭击 例句：The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of indonesia's Sumatra Island. 周周日早上7点左右，印度尼西亚苏门达腊岛西海岸附近发生了海底地震。 拓展知识： ① strike sb.+介词+the +身体部位 打某人某处 ② It strikes sb. that ...　/ It strikes sb.to do…… 某人突然想到…… sth. strike(s) sb. = sth. occur(s) to sb. 某人突然想起某事 ③ be on strike 在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 ④ striking adj. 引人注目的，突出的 写作佳句：People also watch TV gala until the clock strikes 12 and then set off fireworks to welcome the New Year. 人们也看电视晚会，直到12点的钟声敲响，然后燃放烟花以迎接新年。 学以致用：1. One morning something abnormal had happened. There was no honey. The bees had gone on strike. 2. What is most striking(strike) is how smart the children are. 7. deliver  /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/  vt. & vi.递送；传达 vt.发表 例句：However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。 拓展知识： ① deliver sth. to sb. 把某物递送给某人 deliver a speech 发表演讲 be delivered of = give birth to 生孩子，分娩 ② delivery n. 投递，递送，分娩 写作佳句：Good morning! It is a great honor for me to deliver a graduation speech on behalf of my classmates. 早上好！我很荣幸能代表我的同学们发表毕业演讲。 学以致用：1.Would you deliver my message to your mother? 2. A few days later, the machine was delivered(deliver) to Mrs Meredith's doorstep. 3. After sending Mandy home, Mark went back to the florist and canceled the delivery(deliver). 8. effect  /ɪˈfekt/  n. 影响；结果；效果 例句：To begin with, Chinese herbs come from materials that are purely natural, which have small side effects. 首先，中草药来自纯天然的材料，副作用很小。 拓展知识： ① have a(n)……effect on…… 对……有……影响 come/ go into effect = take effect 生效, 开始实施 put/bring/carry into effect 实施 in effect 实际上，事实上，在实施中 side effect 副作用 ② effective adj. 有效的；起作用的 ③ effectively adv. 有效地，实际上 写作佳句：Some effective measures have been taken by our school to protect us from being infected. 我们学校已经采取了一些有效的措施来保护我们免受感染。 学以致用：1. Being the child of a doctor had a positive effect on my life. 2. Learning to study effectively(effective)and getting involved in class actively will benefit you a lot. 3. In fact, children consider this method effective(effect) when others use it. 4. The old tax rules will remain in effect until next June in that area. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$