精品解析：天津市第四中学2024-2025学年高三上学期月考二英语试题

2025届第一学期高三英语统练(二) 一、听力部分 第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Which color does the man, prefer? A．Blue. B．Red. C．White. 2．Where does this conversation probably take place A．At a repair shop. B．At a gas station. C．In a parking lot. 3．What do we know from this conversation? A．The wind has stopped. B．The rain has stopped. C．It is still raining. 4．What does the woman tell us about Paul. A．He spends too much money. B．He likes expensive watches C．He really does like television. 5．What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A．Schoolmates. B．Colleagues. C．Partners. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6．Why does the man want to go to Florida? A．To have a holiday. B．To attend a sports meet. C．To get some information. 7．What sport is the man probably interested in? A．Golf. B．Tennis. C．Sailing. 8．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a bookstore. B．In a sports center. C．In a travel agency. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．An art project. B．Art homework. C．A famous painting. 10．How does the man feel about the woman’s message? A．Excited. B．Confused. C．Disappointed. 11．Why is the man going to the art room? A．To talk to the teacher. B．To see a new painting. C．To sign up for a class trip. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12．Who is the speaker? A．A librarian. B．An officer. C．A student. 13．What is the function of the Student Conter? A．To offer job opportunities. B．To assist students to register. C．To provide services and amusement. 14．Where will the students register? A．In the library. B．In the lecture hall. C．In the Student Center. 15．What is the main topic of the talk? A．How to use the library. B．Some important locations on campus. C．Assistance offered by the Student Center. 二、单项选择 1. The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ______ get a big prize. A. shall B. may C. need D. must 2. —Have you ever visited the Oriental Pearl TV Tower? —Yes. When I was at university in Shanghai, I ________ it twice. A. visited B. have visited C. had visited D. would visit 3. —Shall we put off the experiment till next week? —______, I don’t think our teacher will be happy with it. A. Never mind B. Sure, go ahead C. Yes, better not D. I’d rather not 4. The manager found his computer running smoothly, quite a lot of useless files and waste. A. to clear B. having cleared C. clearing D. cleared 5. —It’s said that Chris achieved high grades in the examination. —That’s no surprise. He is ___________ you know. A. a dark horse B. a green hand C. a wet blanket D. an eager beaver 6. Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day, ________ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing. A. where B. which C. when D. that 7. As companies are trying hard to attract and keep young people for their technical skills and enthusiasm for change, office culture is becoming a(n) ___________of youth culture. A. extension B. intention C. tension D. expansion 8. You type almost anything, however unclear, into the space provided on Google and in a second it __________ thousands of references． A. catches up with B. comes up with C. ends up with D. puts up with 9. Nowadays, huge quantities of information, whether true or false, ______ on the Internet as a result of the advanced technology. A. is found B. are found C. has found D. have found 10. ______ interesting the science fiction novel is, I won’t be able to finish it in a week. A. No matter B. However C. Whatever D. Whichever 11. In order to satisfy the needs of the market, the electric company has ______ its focus to tablet computers and smart mobile phones. A. switched B. shaped C. directed D. discovered 12. _______these big spenders, there are also teens that prove age is no barrier to making good use of money. A. In honor of B. In memory of C. In contrast to D. In control of 13. The activity, ______ on the theme of “Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life”, will come in 2024. A. basing B. based C. being based D. having based 14. —What shall I do next? I still have masses of things to do! —Well, come on! ______ your troubles and enjoy the 3D film. A. Put aside B. Tear down C. Hold out D. Give away 15. After seven hours’ drive, they reached ______ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of. A. that B. what C. where D. which 三、完形填空 Army SPC Larry Harris was doing community outreach work in Grand Rapids, Michigan, when 7- year-old Xzayvier Burchard Mease ___16___ up to him on the sidewalk — only to rush back into his house to collect something to show the soldier. It was a teddy bear dressed in full camouflage (迷彩服), just ___17___ Harris was. Xzayvier’s life dream was to become a (n) ___18___, his parents explained. “They told me that because of his leg condition, he will ___19___ be able to,” Harris said. Xzayvier’s condition is called knee flexion contracture (膝关节屈曲挛缩), in which one’s leg— the right one, in Xzayvier’s case — ___20___ to straighten at the knee. Amputation (截肢) was a real ___21___ in the future, his parents told Harris. Knowing these he started to design a(n) ___22___ plan. A month later, Harris stuck his ___23___ into Xzayvier’s classroom and, in front of his classmates, asked the ___24___ boy, “Do you want to take a ride with me?” Outside the _____25_____, a line of police cars and Army Humvees was waiting to drive him to the Army Reserve Center, where, with family, friends, and soldiers _____26_____, Lt. Col. Melvin Bauman(Ret.) asked Xzayvier to _____27_____ his right hand and “repeat after me.” They _____28_____ the Oath of Enlistment (入伍宣誓). When they were done, Bauman _____29_____: “On this 14th day of October, you are now a(n) _____30_____ soldier.” The room erupted in applause as _____31_____ ran down Xzayvier’s cheeks. Then the new soldier Xzayvier Burchard Mease seated himself in front of the flag, with Army SPC．Larry Harris on his left. “Today I became a soldier,” Xzayvier told WZZM. “It’s something I will _____32_____ for the rest of my life.” The man who made it all _____33_____, SPC. Larry Harris, said that his actions were _____34_____ part of his job description. “When I took the oath, I swore to protect our country and people,” he said. “And that means protecting the _____35_____ of a child.” 16. A. showed B. looked C. jumped D. rushed 17. A. since B. as C. if D. although 18. A. athlete B. teacher C. soldier D. manager 19. A. probably B. finally C. soon D. never 20. A. pretends B. manages C. refuses D. fails 21. A. possibility B. imagination C. situation D. difficulty 22. A. flexible B. remarkable C. ambitious D. crazy 23. A. hand B. head C. leg D. arm 24. A. shy B. frightened C. surprised D. poor 25. A. playground B. house C. school D. town 26. A. stepping out B. coming in C. looking on D. hanging out 27. A. wash B. spread C. wave D. raise 28. A. considered B. recited C. described D. discussed 29. A. announced B. pronounced C. repeated D. read 30. A. honorary B. retired C. delighted D. respectable 31. A. sauces B. liquids C. sweats D. tears 32. A. remember B. learn C. agree D. protect 33. A. happen B. work C. continue D. count 34. A. hardly B. simply C. particularly D. surprisingly 35. A. life B. safety C. dream D. family 四、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和 D) 中，选出最佳选项。 A The following are the six- eight- week summer programs for children. Location: Far Rockaway, New York Phone: 718-406-1577 Academic Summer Program is used to help 6th to 8th graders with ADHD (注意缺陷多动障碍). The program uses techniques to teach study strategies, academic support skills, and cooperative (合作的) learning activities in a classroom environment. Two parent education workshops focusing on academic support for young people with ADHD are offered during one evening each week of the program. Location: Durham, North Carolina Phone: 919-416-2096 The Summer Academic Day Program at Eagle Hill School is designed for children experiencing academic difficulties. It is open to boys and girls aged 6 to 12. The Summer Program gives youngsters a total language environment and its specifically tailored (制订) programs to meet their needs. Location: Miami Shores, Florida Phone: 305-895-1123 The Gow School offers a traditional summer school program experience to boys and girls aged 8 to 15．The6- week term offers a specially designed curriculum to students who have experienced academic difficulties or have language- based learning disabilities. Summer Program learners can be day students or live on campus. Students can have chances of traveling across the U. S., Canada and European countries. Location: Austinburg, Ohio Phone: 440-275-2811 The Hill Center’s Academic Summer Program is designed for students with learning disabilities in gradesK (Kindergarten) to 8th. It provides daily instruction in reading, written language, and math in a 4:1 student- teacher ratio. Location: Harrisonburg, Virginia Phone: 540-568-6484 The Kentwood Summer Camp is a program to help children, teens, and their families who are not being successful in the traditional school environments, socially, or at home. It is for teens in 7th to 12th grades. It is the night camp of Kentwood’s summer programs. 36. All the programs referred to are to help ______. A. children who have problems in study B. those talented children C. those active students D. students who dislike studying 37. Parents of children with ADHD may call ______. A. 540-568-6484 B. 305-895-1123 C. 718-406-1577 D. 9440-275-2811 38. The special about the Gow School Summer Program is that ______. A. its learners are all under 15 B. its learners all live in the camp C. it offers a traditional summer camp D. it can let students visit a few countries 39. We can learn from this text that ______. A. at Eagle Hill School a child can learn grammar B. if a kid is under 6 he can go to Austinburg, Ohio C. the Kentwood Summer Camp is the longest of all D. in the Hill Center a child is taught in a one- to- one way 40 If the kids only have time in the evening they can go to ______. A. Miami Shores, Florida B. Harrisonburg, Virginia C. Durham, North Carolina D. Far Rockaway, New York B For most farm boys, plowing the family field only inspires them with boredom. But for 14-year-old electronics talent Philo Farnsworth, going up and down the rows gave him the idea to project a recorded image by scanning (扫描) electrons back and forth across a glass screen. When he consulted his high school chemistry teacher about the idea, it was so complex that he had to draw a picture on the blackboard, which the teacher quickly copied down to study later. Encouraged by his teacher, Farnsworth continued his concept and, in 1927, at the age of 21, he developed and patented (申请专利) the world’s first working fully- electronic television. But like many other inventions, there were other people developing related ideas at the same time. One such man, Vladimir Zworykin, filed a patent for a similar concept in 1923, but couldn’t make it actually work. In1933, he got a patent on televisions. However, due to a mistake, the original filing date read 1923, making his patent earlier than Farnsworth’s. When his patent was approved, Zworykin was working for Radio Corporation of America (RCA), who planned to produce television s using his design. Believing that his 1927 patent was better than the 1933 patent, Farnsworth charged for royalties (特许使用权费) by law. Of course RCA insisted their employee had the patent before Farnsworth, so they refused to pay him any money. Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve — his chemistry teacher. The teacher in court showed the original picture of 14-year-old Farnsworth’s blackboard explanation, proving he had been working on the invention well before Zworykin had even applied for his patent. Farnsworth received payments from RCA, but as America entered World War II, the government stopped the production of television sets. Shortly after the ban was removed, Farnsworth’s patent expired (期满), allowing RCA to make televisions free. This meant that, as television sales exploded in the 1950s and 60s, Farnsworth lost the most profitable years of his own invention. 41. Farnsworth’s TV-related idea was inspired by ______. A. other farm boys B. his farm work C. his chemistry teacher D. the image of a glass screen 42. Like Farnsworth, the man named Zworykin ______. A. invented many things B. was also a young talent C. patented his idea in 1923 D. worked on the TV-related idea 43. We can know that ______. A. Farnsworth confused his chemistry teacher by asking a hard question B. Zworykin came up with the same idea as Farnsworth’s 4 years later C. in Farnsworth’s opinion, his design was better than Zworykin’s D RCA awarded Zworykin much money for his useful invention 44. By saying “Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve”, the author means that ______. A. Farnsworth had a strong proof from his teacher B. Farnsworth refused to pay his chemistry teacher money C. Farnsworth was clever enough to leave the evidence D. Farnsworth thanked his chemistry teacher very much 45. It can be inferred from the text that ______. A. Zworykin applied for his patent after World War II B. Farnsworth’s teacher helped him apply for the patent C. Farnsworth failed to get much benefit from his invention D. Farnsworth was once employed by RCA for several months C A friend and I were exiting a meeting and caught some cigarette smoke from a passer-by. “You know,” I said, “I still crave cigarettes, even though I quit three decades ago.” He nodded and said, “I started smoking when I was 12. When I finally quit it 15 years ago, I’d turned 40. It looked so glamorous in those old Hollywood movies that we youth followed suit. It still does now. And like you, I still want to smoke, too.” The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a report about tobacco use in the top-grossing (票房收入最高的) movies. “Reducing tobacco use in youth-related movies could help prevent the initiation (开始) of tobacco use among young persons, especially those not suitable for children to watch without an adult,” said the report. And, although it found less smoking in G and PG movie s since 2010, tobacco use in PG-13-rated top-grossing films has increased by 43% since 2010. Those films are labeled “Parents strongly cautioned esp. for children under age 13”. The Surgeon General (SG) website states, “The youth who are exposed to images of smoking in movies are more likely to smoke. Those who get the most exposure to onscreen smoking are about twice as likely to begin smoking as those who get the least exposure.” The SG has concluded that there is a causal relationship between smoking in the movies and “the initiation of smoking among young people”. America’s leading health organizations are now demanding that all movie producers and distributors slap (强制实行) an R rating on films that show smoking onscreen. Interestingly, they’ve indicated a possible exception for movies based on historical figures. Really, it would be strange to watch a film about Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, or Lyndon B. Johnson without showing a single cigarette. And can you imagine Winston Churchill without a cigar? But who will decide when it’s necessary to include smoking in order to show history accurately? When will it matter enough for those in the entertainment business to risk receiving an R rating and losing millions at the box office? 46. The underlined word “crave” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______. A. desire B. smoke C. hate D. carry 47. We can know that the author’s friend ______. A. still smokes now and then B. is now forty years old or more C. quit smoking earlier than the author D. began to smoke after seeing some films 48. PG movies refer to ______. A. perfect grade movies B. parental guidance movies C program guidance movies D. public grade movies 49. The author thinks the exception for movies based on historical figures is ______. A. inefficient B. unfair C. understandable D. absurd 50. In the last paragraph the author indicates that ______. A. cleaning films is a good idea B. historical movies are no exception C. the entertainment movie should be an exception D. smoking scenes in movies are not easily forbidden D Since Hurricane Florence, news reports have turned to focus on the storm’s destructive power and the survivors’ efforts to restore their ruined lives and communities. But there’s another side to the story that goes mostly unnoticed: disasters can set the stage for deep personal growth. When we started to explore the long-term effects of disasters after Hurricane Katrina, the possibility of growth was far from our minds. We had focused our eyes so tightly on the negative consequences of trauma (创伤；痛苦经历) — like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) — that we had neither the mindset nor the tools to detect (发现) growth. But our students suggested that we pay attention to post-traumatic growth (PTG). Stories of gaining strength through misfortune exist in large numbers in religion, philosophy, poetry and literature. Yet, it is only within the past 20 years that researchers Richard Tedeschi and Lawrence Calhoun developed the vocabulary and measures to measure PTG. As our study expanded, we discovered that more than a third of the survivors reported growth. Particularly when given support and opportunities to deeply deal with their traumatic experiences of losing loved ones, homes and neighborhoods, many of the survivors we studied showed an astonishing ability to set their lives in more meaningful directions. They took professional risks and got out of bad habits and relationships and lost their attachment to material things. They valued relationships, experienced deeper spirituality and felt a sense of gratefulness in their everyday lives. How does post- traumatic growth work? Essentially, trauma violates the assumptions that many of us carry — that the world is controllable and that, if we live our lives well, bad things won’t happen to us or our loved ones. We are blind to the randomness of events and rarely consider life’s unpredictability and impermanence. Such mindsets help us to automatically distance ourselves from others’ suffering and trauma when we witness it and to vastly underestimate our own risk of experiencing such misfortune. After a trauma, many survivors struggle to reconstruct these assumptions and to neatly fit their changed-lives back into old realities. This approach prevents growth and has been compared to trying to restore a broken vase (花瓶) — it will never be as seamless (无缝的) as it once was. But those who can struggle to deal with and reconcile (调解) the difference between pre- and post-trauma goals and beliefs stand to grow stronger and wiser. Such psychological growth requires an emotional distance from new traumas and an ability to step back and think deeply that not everyone possesses. 51. The passage infers that PTG ______. A. all has a religious origin B. is hard to measure C. is a comparatively new subject in science D. is the necessity for personal growth 52. The effect of traumatic experiences on survivors is that ______. A. they start to live their lives more wisely B. they no longer ignore material things in life C. they attach less importance to valued relationships D. they become more experienced in dealing with disasters 53. After witnessing others’ suffering and trauma many people ______. A. show deep sympathy for the victims B. fail to relate the situation to themselves C. imagine experiencing the same thing themselves D. are reminded to prepare themselves for potential risks 54. Survivors’ attempt to reconstruct their pre-trauma mindsets and lives is usually ______. A. unfavorable and in vain B. worthwhile, though unsuccessful C. reasonable and respectable D. meaningless but determined 55. The best title for the text is ______. A. Does Misfortune Make Us Better or Worse? B. What does Hurricane Florence Teach Us about Life? C. How to Get Over Trauma and Reconstruct Life? D. Have You Heard about Post- Traumatic Growth? 五、阅读表达 阅读下列短文，并按题目要求用英文回答问题。 阅读表达 26-year-old Ste Burke had just gotten back to his Liverpool home from the gym earlier this week when he was approached by three men asking if he wanted to buy a bike. Burke was immediately suspicious of its origins since they were trying to sell the £1350 bike for £100. Besides that, he noticed there was a bike lock still attached to the rear wheel (后轮). After Burke bought the bike, he posted a photo of it on social media in hopes of finding the original owner. “Has anyone had his bike stolen? Just bought this for £80 and there is a bike lock still attached to the rear wheel. Obviously it’s from the Crosby area. Bought it so I can get it back to the right owner. I know it’s a£1350 bike and the owner would be heartbroken. Please send me a message,” Burke wrote. Within hours, Burke was contacted by a woman who knew the bike’s owner; it belonged to a man whose house had been stolen earlier that very same week. Since the man had saved up more than £ 1350 to buy the bike the previous year, he was overwhelmed (受宠若惊的) with appreciation for its return. The man tried to reimburse Burke for £ 80, but he refused, telling reporters that he “didn’t feel right taking money off a man who has just had his house stolen.” Burke has since been given social media praise for his honesty, although he says that he did not return the bike for media attention. However, Burke is delighted to receive praise from his rapper “hero” Stormzy, and a British bicycle factory has also offered to give Burke a free bike as a reward for his honesty. 56. What made Burke suspect the bike’s origin? (no more than 15 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. Why did Burke buy that bike? (no more than 10 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. What does the underlined word “reimburse” in Para.3 probably mean? (2 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does Burke get from his behaviour? (no more than 5 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What can you learn from Burke’s story? (no more than 20 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达 61. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Let’s Promote Ecotourism”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 当前趋势； 2. 你的观点； 3. 你的倡议。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届第一学期高三英语统练(二) 一、听力部分 第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Which color does the man, prefer? A．Blue. B．Red. C．White. 2．Where does this conversation probably take place A．At a repair shop. B．At a gas station. C．In a parking lot. 3．What do we know from this conversation? A．The wind has stopped. B．The rain has stopped. C．It is still raining. 4．What does the woman tell us about Paul. A．He spends too much money. B．He likes expensive watches C．He really does like television. 5．What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A．Schoolmates. B．Colleagues. C．Partners. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6．Why does the man want to go to Florida? A．To have a holiday. B．To attend a sports meet. C．To get some information. 7．What sport is the man probably interested in? A．Golf. B．Tennis. C．Sailing. 8．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a bookstore. B．In a sports center. C．In a travel agency. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．An art project. B．Art homework. C．A famous painting. 10．How does the man feel about the woman’s message? A．Excited. B．Confused. C．Disappointed. 11．Why is the man going to the art room? A．To talk to the teacher. B．To see a new painting. C．To sign up for a class trip. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12．Who is the speaker? A．A librarian. B．An officer. C．A student. 13．What is the function of the Student Conter? A．To offer job opportunities. B．To assist students to register. C．To provide services and amusement. 14．Where will the students register? A．In the library. B．In the lecture hall. C．In the Student Center. 15．What is the main topic of the talk? A．How to use the library. B．Some important locations on campus. C．Assistance offered by the Student Center. 二、单项选择 1. The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ______ get a big prize. A. shall B. may C. need D. must 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这家新开的超市宣布，第一个在开业当天购买商品的人将获得大奖。A. shall将要；B. may能、也许；C. need需要；D. must必须。shall用于陈述句中的第二、三人称，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，此处表示超市的规定，即允诺。故选A。 2. —Have you ever visited the Oriental Pearl TV Tower? —Yes. When I was at university in Shanghai, I ________ it twice. A. visited B. have visited C. had visited D. would visit 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：——你参观过东方明珠电视塔吗？——是的。当我在上海上大学的时候，我去过两次。根据时间状语从句“When I was at university in Shanghai”可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故选A。 3. —Shall we put off the experiment till next week? —______, I don’t think our teacher will be happy with it. A. Never mind B. Sure, go ahead C. Yes, better not D. I’d rather not 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景对话。句意：---我们把实验推迟到下周好吗？---我宁愿不（把实验推迟到下周），那样的话，我认为老师会不高兴的。A. Never mind“不要紧，不用担心，没关系”；B. Sure, go ahead“当然，继续”；C. Yes, better not“你最好不要”；D. I’d rather not“我宁愿不”。本题的重点是答语中的提示"I don't think our teacher will be happy with it"可知，（如果我们把实验推迟到下周），老师会不高兴，说明我不愿意把实验推迟到下周。因此D项符合语境，故选D。 4. The manager found his computer running smoothly, quite a lot of useless files and waste. A. to clear B. having cleared C. clearing D. cleared 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理发现清理了无用的文件和垃圾，电脑运作顺畅很多。分析句子结构可知clear在句中应用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语manager构成主动关系，故用现在分词；且先有清理，然后才有顺畅的状态，故应用having done形式做原因状语。故选B。 5. —It’s said that Chris achieved high grades in the examination. —That’s no surprise. He is ___________, you know. A. a dark horse B. a green hand C. a wet blanket D. an eager beaver 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查谚语辨析。句意：——据说克里斯在考试中取得了高分。——这并不奇怪。你知道，他是个勤奋好学的人。A.a dark horse黑马；B.a green hand新手，初学者；C.a wet blanket扫兴的人；D.an eager beaver勤奋的人。根据“It’s said that Chris achieved high grades in the examination.”和“That’s no surprise.”可知，此处是指他是个勤奋好学的人。故选D。 6. Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day, ________ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing. A. where B. which C. when D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：贝拉总是很开朗，每天在她的办公室里营造友好的工作氛围，她的同事们觉得这样的氛围轻松愉快。句中先行词为atmosphere，在非限定性定语从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选B。 【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词atmosphere，再分析先行词atmosphere在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词atmosphere带到从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。 7. As companies are trying hard to attract and keep young people for their technical skills and enthusiasm for change, office culture is becoming a(n) ___________of youth culture. A. extension B. intention C. tension D. expansion 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于各公司都在努力吸引和留住具有技术能力和变革热情的年轻人，办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。A. extension延伸；B. intention目的；意图；C. tension紧张；D. expansion扩大。根据空后“of youth culture”及常识可知，此处指办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。故选A。 8. You type almost anything, however unclear, into the space provided on Google and in a second it __________ thousands of references． A. catches up with B. comes up with C. ends up with D. puts up with 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你输入任何东西到谷歌提供的空间，不管怎样不清楚，在一秒钟之内就会出现涉及成千上万的参考资料。A. catches up with赶上；B. comes up with找到(解决方案)；想出；出现；C. ends up with以……结束；D. puts up with容忍，根据句意，此处表示出现许多参考资料。故选B。 9. Nowadays, huge quantities of information, whether true or false, ______ on the Internet as a result of the advanced technology. A. is found B. are found C. has found D. have found 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，由于先进的技术，大量的信息，无论是真还是假，都可以在互联网上找到。“quantities of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。information与find之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选B。 10. ______ interesting the science fiction novel is, I won’t be able to finish it in a week. A. No matter B. However C. Whatever D. Whichever 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论这部科幻小说多么有趣，我都无法在一周内读完。A. No matter不管怎样；B. However无论到哪种程度；C. Whatever无论什么；D. Whichever无论哪一个。however后加形容词引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter how。故选B。 11. In order to satisfy the needs of the market the electric company has ______ its focus to tablet computers and smart mobile phones. A. switched B. shaped C. directed D. discovered 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：为了满足市场的需求，这家电力公司已将业务重点转向平板电脑和智能手机。switch改变，转变；shape使成为…形状，塑造；direct指导，导演；discover发现， 发现了解到。switch... to...意为“把......转移到......”，根据语境可知A符合题意。 12. _______these big spenders, there are also teens that prove age is no barrier to making good use of money. A. In honor of B. In memory of C. In contrast to D. In control of 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：与这些花钱大手大脚的人相比，还有一些青少年证明，年龄并不是善于理财的障碍。A. In honor of为了纪念；B. In memory of为了纪念；C. In contrast to与……相比较；D. In control of 控制。根据下文“these big spenders, there are also teens”可知，此处是拿花钱大手大脚的人和一些青少年作比较，故选C。 13. The activity, ______ on the theme of “Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life”, will come in 2024. A. basing B. based C. being based D. having based 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项活动，以“滋养地球，生命能源”为主题，将于2024年举行。空处在句中为非谓语，动词base与其逻辑主语The activity构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语。故选B。 14. —What shall I do next? I still have masses of things to do! —Well, come on! ______ your troubles and enjoy the 3D film. A. Put aside B. Tear down C. Hold out D. Give away 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——我接下来该做什么？我还有很多事情要做！——来吧！把你的烦恼放在一边，享受3D电影吧。A. Put aside把……放在一边，撇开；B. Tear down拆除；C. Hold out伸出；D. Give away赠送，泄露。题目中提到“有很多事情要做”，而建议是“享受3D电影”，因此这里应该表达“把你的烦恼放在一边”，用Put aside。故选A。 15. After seven hours’ drive, they reached ______ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of. A. that B. what C. where D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：七个小时的车程之后，他们到达了他们一直梦想的地方。分析句子可知，这里考查宾语从句，they thought为插入语，从句中缺主语，指代物，所以应用连接代词what。故选B项。 三、完形填空 Army SPC Larry Harris was doing community outreach work in Grand Rapids Michigan, when 7- year-old Xzayvier Burchard Mease ___16___ up to him on the sidewalk — only to rush back into his house to collect something to show the soldier. It was a teddy bear dressed in full camouflage (迷彩服), just ___17___ Harris was. Xzayvier’s life dream was to become a (n) ___18___, his parents explained. “They told me that because of his leg condition, he will ___19___ be able to,” Harris said. Xzayvier’s condition is called knee flexion contracture (膝关节屈曲挛缩), in which one’s leg— the right one, in Xzayvier’s case — ___20___ to straighten at the knee. Amputation (截肢) was a real ___21___ in the future, his parents told Harris. Knowing these he started to design a(n) ___22___ plan. A month later, Harris stuck his ___23___ into Xzayvier’s classroom and, in front of his classmates, asked the ___24___ boy, “Do you want to take a ride with me?” Outside the _____25_____, a line of police cars and Army Humvees was waiting to drive him to the Army Reserve Center, where, with family, friends, and soldiers _____26_____, Lt. Col. Melvin Bauman(Ret.) asked Xzayvier to _____27_____ his right hand and “repeat after me.” They _____28_____ the Oath of Enlistment (入伍宣誓). When they were done, Bauman _____29_____: “On this 14th day of October, you are now a(n) _____30_____ soldier.” The room erupted in applause as _____31_____ ran down Xzayvier’s cheeks. Then the new soldier Xzayvier Burchard Mease seated himself in front of the flag, with Army SPC．Larry Harris on his left. “Today I became a soldier,” Xzayvier told WZZM. “It’s something I will _____32_____ for the rest of my life.” The man who made it all _____33_____, SPC. Larry Harris, said that his actions were _____34_____ part of his job description. “When I took the oath, I swore to protect our country and people,” he said. “And that means protecting the _____35_____ of a child.” 16. A. showed B. looked C. jumped D. rushed 17. A. since B. as C. if D. although 18. A. athlete B. teacher C. soldier D. manager 19. A. probably B. finally C. soon D. never 20. A. pretends B. manages C. refuses D. fails 21. A. possibility B. imagination C. situation D. difficulty 22. A. flexible B. remarkable C. ambitious D. crazy 23. A. hand B. head C. leg D. arm 24. A. shy B. frightened C. surprised D. poor 25. A. playground B. house C. school D. town 26. A. stepping out B. coming in C. looking on D. hanging out 27. A. wash B. spread C. wave D. raise 28. A. considered B. recited C. described D. discussed 29. A. announced B. pronounced C. repeated D. read 30. A. honorary B. retired C. delighted D. respectable 31. A. sauces B. liquids C. sweats D. tears 32. A. remember B. learn C. agree D. protect 33. A. happen B. work C. continue D. count 34. A. hardly B. simply C. particularly D. surprisingly 35. A. life B. safety C. dream D. family 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个关于7岁男孩Xzayvier Burchard Mease梦想成为士兵，并在陆军专业军士Larry Harris的帮助下实现了一个特殊形式的“入伍”梦想的故事。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Larry Harris，陆军专业军士，当时正在密歇根州大急流城进行社区服务工作，这时，7岁的Xzayvier Burchard Mease在人行道上向他冲了过来——但又立刻冲回屋里去拿样东西给这位士兵看。A. showed展示；B. looked看；C. jumped跳跃；D. rushed冲。根据下文“only to rush back into his house to collect something to show the soldier.”可知，小男孩看到Harris后激动地冲过来有冲了回去。故选D。 【17题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是一只穿着全套迷彩服的泰迪熊，和Harris穿的一样。A. since自从、既然；B. as当……时、正如；C. if如果；D. although虽然。根据上文“It was a teddy bear dressed in full camouflage (迷彩服)”以及Harris的身份可知，泰迪熊穿的迷彩服和Harris一样。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Xzayvier的父母解释说，他的人生梦想就是成为一名士兵。A. athlete运动员；B. teacher老师；C. soldier士兵；D. manager经理。根据最后一段““Today I became a soldier,” Xzayvier told WZZM.”以及“And that means protecting the ___20___ of a child.”可知，小男孩的梦想是成为一名士兵。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“他们告诉我，因为他的腿有毛病，他永远都不可能成为士兵。” Harris说。A. probably可能；B. finally最终；C. soon不久；D. never从不。根据下文“Amputation (截肢) was a real ___6___ in the future, his parents told Harris.”可知，男孩的腿有问题，将来极有可能会截肢。由此可知，他永远不可能成为一个士兵。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Xzayvier患有一种叫做膝关节屈曲挛缩的病，在这种病中，患者的腿——在Xzayvier的情况下是右腿——无法在膝盖处伸直。A. pretends假装；B. manages经营、管理、设法做到；C. refuses拒绝；D. fails失败、未能。根据“Xzayvier’s condition is called knee flexion contracture (膝关节屈曲挛缩)”以及下文“Amputation (截肢) was a real ___6___ in the future, his parents told Harris.”可知，小男孩的右腿无法在膝盖处伸直。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父母告诉Harris，将来截肢是一个真正的可能。A. possibility可能性；B. imagination想象力；C. situation情况；D. difficulty困难。根据上文“Xzayvier’s condition is called knee flexion contracture (膝关节屈曲挛缩), in which one’s leg— the right one, in Xzayvier’s case — ___5___ to straighten at the knee.”以及常理可知，Xzayvier的腿有问题，极有可能以后会截肢。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：得知这些情况后，他开始制定一个非凡的计划。A. flexible灵活的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. ambitious有雄心的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据下文内容可知，Harris帮助男孩实现了自己成为士兵的梦想。而对于一个孩子而言，这是非常美妙的，令人激动的。由此可知，这是一个非凡的计划。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个月后，Harris把头伸进Xzayvier的教室，当着全班同学的面，问这个惊讶的男孩：“你想和我一起乘车吗？”A. hand手；B. head头；C. leg腿；D. arm胳膊。根据下文“into Xzayvier’s classroom and, in front of his classmates, asked the ___9___ boy, “Do you want to take a ride with me?””可推测，Harris是把头伸进教室，询问男孩。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个月后，Harris把头伸进Xzayvier的教室，当着全班同学的面，问这个惊讶的男孩：“你想和我一起乘车吗？”A. shy害羞的；B. frightened害怕的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. poor贫穷的。根据上文“Knowing these he started to design a(n) ___7___ plan.”可知，这件事是Harris的计划，由此可知，小男孩是不知情的。由此可推测，小男孩此时非常惊讶。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学校外面，一排警车和陆军悍马车正等着带他去陆军预备役中心。在那里，在家人、朋友和士兵们的注视下，退役陆军中校Melvin Bauman让Xzayvier举起右手，“跟我重复。”A. playground操场；B. house房子；C. school学校；D. town城镇。根据下文“a line of police cars and Army Humvees was waiting to drive him to the Army Reserve Center”以及常理可知，这些车是停在了学校的外面。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在学校外面，一排警车和陆军悍马车正等着带他去陆军预备役中心。在那里，在家人、朋友和士兵们的注视下，退役陆军中校Melvin Bauman让Xzayvier举起右手，“跟我重复。”A. stepping out走出来；B. coming in进来；C. looking on旁观、注视；D. hanging out闲逛。根据句意可知，小男孩来到了陆军预备役中心，并宣誓入伍。根据常理可知，这一切都是在家人、朋友和其他士兵的注视下进行的。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校外面，一排警车和陆军悍马车正等着带他去陆军预备役中心。在那里，在家人、朋友和士兵们的注视下，退役陆军中校Melvin Bauman让Xzayvier举起右手，“跟我重复。”A. wash洗；B. spread传播；C. wave挥动；D. raise提高、举起。根据空后的“his right hand”以及常识可知，宣誓入伍需要举起右手。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一起诵读了入伍誓词。A. considered认为、考虑；B. recited背诵、诵读；C. described描述；D. discussed讨论。根据空后的“the Oath of Enlistment”以及常理可知，小男孩和中校一起诵读了入伍誓词。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们念完后，Bauman宣布：“在这个10月14日，你现在是一名荣誉士兵了。”A. announced宣布；B. pronounced发音；C. repeated重复；D. read阅读。根据空后““On this 14th day of October, you are now a(n) ___15___ soldier.””可知，这位中校宣布男孩是个荣誉士兵了。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们念完后，Bauman宣布：“在这个10月14日，你现在是一名荣誉士兵了。”A. honorary荣誉的；B. retired退休的；C. delighted高兴的；D. respectable值得尊敬的。根据常识可知，此时的男孩还是个学生，所以只能是个荣誉士兵。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：房间里掌声雷动，Xzayvier的泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。A. sauces酱汁；B. liquids液体；C. sweats汗水；D. tears眼泪。根据上文“The room erupted in applause”可知，所有人此时都非常激动；而男孩一直都想成为士兵，由此可推测，此时的男孩非常激动，流下了眼泪。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“今天我成为了一名士兵，”Xzayvier告诉WZZM新闻台。“这是我余生都会记住的事情。”A. remember记得；B. learn学习；C. agree同意；D. protect保护。根据上文内容可知，男孩一直都想成为士兵；再根据空后“for the rest of my life”可推测，这一刻男孩余生都会记住。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：让这一切发生的人，专业军士Larry Harris说，他的行为只是他工作职责的一部分。A. happen发生；B. work工作；C. continue继续；D. count计算、重要。根据全文内容可知，正是军士Larry Harris的计划，男孩才能实现自己的梦想。由此可知，是Harris让这一切得以发生。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：让这一切发生的人，专业军士Larry Harris说，他的行为只是他工作职责的一部分。A. hardly几乎不；B. simply仅仅、只是；C. particularly特别地；D. surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据下文““When I took the oath, I swore to protect our country and people,” he said. “And that means protecting the ___20___ of a child.””可推测，Harris为人低调，认为这只是自己工作的一部分。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当我宣誓时，我发誓要保护我们的国家和人民，”他说。“那就意味着要保护一个孩子的梦想。”A. life生活；B. safety安全；C. dream梦想；D. family家庭。根据上文“Xzayvier’s life dream was to become a (n) ___3___ , his parents explained.”可推测，成为士兵是这个男孩的梦想。故选C。 四、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和 D) 中，选出最佳选项。 A The following are the six- eight- week summer programs for children. Location: Far Rockaway, New York Phone: 718-406-1577 Academic Summer Program is used to help 6th to 8th graders with ADHD (注意缺陷多动障碍). The program uses techniques to teach study strategies, academic support skills, and cooperative (合作的) learning activities in a classroom environment. Two parent education workshops focusing on academic support for young people with ADHD are offered during one evening each week of the program. Location: Durham, North Carolina Phone: 919-416-2096 The Summer Academic Day Program at Eagle Hill School is designed for children experiencing academic difficulties. It is open to boys and girls aged 6 to 12. The Summer Program gives youngsters a total language environment and its specifically tailored (制订) programs to meet their needs. Location: Miami Shores, Florida Phone: 305-895-1123 The Gow School offers a traditional summer school program experience to boys and girls aged 8 to 15．The6- week term offers a specially designed curriculum to students who have experienced academic difficulties or have language- based learning disabilities. Summer Program learners can be day students or live on campus. Students can have chances of traveling across the U. S., Canada and European countries. Location: Austinburg, Ohio Phone: 440-275-2811 The Hill Center’s Academic Summer Program is designed for students with learning disabilities in gradesK (Kindergarten) to 8th. It provides daily instruction in reading, written language, and math in a 4:1 student- teacher ratio. Location: Harrisonburg, Virginia Phone: 540-568-6484 The Kentwood Summer Camp is a program to help children, teens, and their families who are not being successful in the traditional school environments, socially, or at home. It is for teens in 7th to 12th grades. It is the night camp of Kentwood’s summer programs. 36. All the programs referred to are to help ______. A. children who have problems in study B. those talented children C. those active students D. students who dislike studying 37. Parents of children with ADHD may call ______. A. 540-568-6484 B. 305-895-1123 C. 718-406-1577 D. 9440-275-2811 38. The special about the Gow School Summer Program is that ______. A. its learners are all under 15 B. its learners all live in the camp C. it offers a traditional summer camp D. it can let students visit a few countries 39. We can learn from this text that ______. A. at Eagle Hill School a child can learn grammar B. if a kid is under 6 he can go to Austinburg, Ohio C. the Kentwood Summer Camp is the longest of all D. in the Hill Center a child is taught in a one- to- one way 40. If the kids only have time in the evening they can go to ______. A. Miami Shores, Florida B. Harrisonburg, Virginia C. Durham, North Carolina D. Far Rockaway, New York 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个不同地点的暑期项目，每个项目都针对特定的学生群体（如有学习障碍的学生、学业困难的学生等），并提供了项目的具体内容、目标、地点和联系方式等信息。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Location: Far Rockaway, New York”部分中的“Academic Summer Program is used to help 6th to 8th graders with ADHD (注意缺陷多动障碍).(学术暑期项目旨在帮助6至8年级的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）学生。)”、“Location: Durham, North Carolina”部分中的“The Summer Academic Day Program at Eagle Hill School is designed for children experiencing academic difficulties.(鹰山学校的暑期学术日项目旨在为学业困难儿童设计。)”、“Location: Miami Shores, Florida”部分中的“The Gow School offers a traditional summer school program experience to boys and girls aged 8 to 15．The 6-week term offers a specially designed curriculum to students who have experienced academic difficulties or have language-based learning disabilities.( Gow学校为8至15岁的男孩和女孩提供传统的暑期学校项目体验。为期6周的项目为学业困难或有语言学习障碍的学生提供专门设计的课程。)”、“Location: Austinburg, Ohio”中的“The Hill Center’s Academic Summer Program is designed for students with learning disabilities in grades K (Kindergarten) to 8th.(希尔中心的学术暑期项目旨在为K（幼儿园）至8年级的学习障碍学生设计。)”以及“Location: Harrisonburg, Virginia”部分中的“The Kentwood Summer Camp is a program to help children, teens, and their families who are not being successful in the traditional school environments, socially, or at home.(肯特伍德夏令营是一个帮助在传统学校环境、社交环境或家庭中表现不佳的儿童、青少年及其家庭的项目。)”可知，这些项目都是为在学习上有困难或有特殊需求的学生设计的。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Location: Far Rockaway, New York”部分中的“Academic Summer Program is used to help 6th to 8th graders with ADHD (注意缺陷多动障碍).(学术暑期项目旨在帮助6至8年级的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）学生。)”可知，患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）孩子的家长可联系该项目。也就是“Phone: 718-406-1577(电话：718-406-1577)”。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Location: Miami Shores, Florida”部分中的“The Gow School offers a traditional summer school program experience to boys and girls aged 8 to 15．The6- week term offers a specially designed curriculum to students who have experienced academic difficulties or have language- based learning disabilities. Summer Program learners can be day students or live on campus. Students can have chances of traveling across the U. S., Canada and European countries.( Gow学校为8至15岁的男孩和女孩提供传统的暑期学校项目体验。为期6周的项目为学业困难或有语言学习障碍的学生提供专门设计的课程。暑期项目的学习者可以是走读生，也可以住在校内。学生有机会前往美国、加拿大和欧洲国家旅行。)”可知，这个项目的特别之处在于它可以让学生前往美国、加拿大和欧洲国家旅行。故选D。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中“Location: Durham, North Carolina”部分中的“It is open to boys and girls aged 6 to 12. The Summer Program gives youngsters a total language environment and its specifically tailored(制订) programs to meet their needs.(该项目面向6至12岁的男孩和女孩开放。暑期项目为孩子们提供了一个全面的语言环境，并制定了专门满足他们需求的课程。)”可知，该项目制定了专门满足他们需求的课程。由此可推测，在鹰山学校，一个孩子是可以学习语法的。故选A。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Location: Harrisonburg, Virginia”部分中的“It is the night camp of Kentwood’s summer programs.(它是肯特伍德暑期项目的夜间营地。)”可知，如果孩子只有晚上有时间，可以参加肯特伍德暑期项目，因为这是个夜间营地。故选B。 B For most farm boys, plowing the family field only inspires them with boredom. But for 14-year-old electronics talent Philo Farnsworth, going up and down the rows gave him the idea to project a recorded image by scanning (扫描) electrons back and forth across a glass screen. When he consulted his high school chemistry teacher about the idea, it was so complex that he had to draw a picture on the blackboard, which the teacher quickly copied down to study later. Encouraged by his teacher, Farnsworth continued his concept and, in 1927, at the age of 21, he developed and patented (申请专利) the world’s first working fully- electronic television. But like many other inventions, there were other people developing related ideas at the same time. One such man, Vladimir Zworykin, filed a patent for a similar concept in 1923, but couldn’t make it actually work. In1933, he got a patent on televisions. However, due to a mistake, the original filing date read 1923, making his patent earlier than Farnsworth’s. When his patent was approved, Zworykin was working for Radio Corporation of America (RCA), who planned to produce television s using his design. Believing that his 1927 patent was better than the 1933 patent, Farnsworth charged for royalties (特许使用权费) by law. Of course RCA insisted their employee had the patent before Farnsworth, so they refused to pay him any money. Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve — his chemistry teacher. The teacher in court showed the original picture of 14-year-old Farnsworth’s blackboard explanation, proving he had been working on the invention well before Zworykin had even applied for his patent. Farnsworth received payments from RCA, but as America entered World War II, the government stopped the production of television sets. Shortly after the ban was removed, Farnsworth’s patent expired (期满), allowing RCA to make televisions free. This meant that, as television sales exploded in the 1950s and 60s, Farnsworth lost the most profitable years of his own invention. 41. Farnsworth’s TV-related idea was inspired by ______. A. other farm boys B. his farm work C. his chemistry teacher D. the image of a glass screen 42. Like Farnsworth, the man named Zworykin ______. A. invented many things B. was also a young talent C. patented his idea in 1923 D. worked on the TV-related idea 43. We can know that ______. A. Farnsworth confused his chemistry teacher by asking a hard question B. Zworykin came up with the same idea as Farnsworth’s 4 years later C. in Farnsworth’s opinion, his design was better than Zworykin’s D. RCA awarded Zworykin much money for his useful invention 44. By saying “Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve”, the author means that ______. A. Farnsworth had a strong proof from his teacher B. Farnsworth refused to pay his chemistry teacher money C. Farnsworth was clever enough to leave the evidence D. Farnsworth thanked his chemistry teacher very much 45. It can be inferred from the text that ______. A. Zworykin applied for his patent after World War II B. Farnsworth’s teacher helped him apply for the patent C. Farnsworth failed to get much benefit from his invention D. Farnsworth was once employed by RCA for several months 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Philo Farnsworth如何从农场劳动中获得灵感，发明了世界上第一台全电子电视，并与Vladimir Zworykin之间的专利纠纷及其后续影响。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“But for 14-year-old electronics talent Philo Farnsworth, going up and down the rows gave him the idea to project a recorded image by scanning (扫描) electrons back and forth across a glass screen. (但对于14岁的电子天才Philo Farnsworth来说，上下翻耕给了他一个通过电子在玻璃屏幕上扫描来回投射记录图像的想法。)”可知，Philo Farnsworth关于电视的想法是受到农场工作启发的。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“But like many other inventions, there were other people developing related ideas at the same time. One such man, Vladimir Zworykin, filed a patent for a similar concept in 1923, but couldn’t make it actually work. In1933, he got a patent on televisions. (但就像许多其他的发明一样，也有其他人在同一时间提出了相关的想法。Vladimir Zworykin就是这样一个人，他在1923年为一个类似的概念申请了专利，但没能让它真正发挥作用。1933年，他获得了电视专利。)”可知，和Farnsworth一样，兹沃里金也在研究电视相关的想法。故选D。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Believing that his 1927 patent was better than the 1933 patent, Farnsworth charged for royalties (特许使用权费) by law. (Farnsworth认为他1927年的专利比1933年的专利好，因此依法收取特许使用权费。)”可知，Farnsworth认为他的设计比Zworykin的好。故选C。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第四段“Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve — his chemistry teacher. The teacher in court showed the original picture of 14-year-old Farnsworth’s blackboard explanation, proving he had been working on the invention well before Zworykin had even applied for his patent. (Farnsworth有一张王牌——他的化学老师。法庭上的老师展示了14岁的Farnsworth在黑板上解释的原始图片，证明他在Zworykin申请专利之前就已经在研究这项发明了。)”可知，作者说“Farnsworth手里有一张王牌”，意思是Farnsworth有来自他的化学老师的强有力的证据。故选A。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Farnsworth received payments from RCA, but as America entered World War II, the government stopped the production of television sets. Shortly after the ban was removed, Farnsworth’s patent expired (期满), allowing RCA to make televisions free. This meant that, as television sales exploded in the 1950s and 60s, Farnsworth lost the most profitable years of his own invention. (Farnsworth收到了RCA的付款，但随着美国进入第二次世界大战，政府停止了电视机的生产。禁令解除后不久，Farnsworth的专利到期，允许RCA免费生产电视。这意味着，随着电视销售在20世纪50年代和60年代的爆炸式增长，Farnsworth失去了他自己发明的最赚钱的年份。)”可知，Farnsworth没有从他的发明中获得多少利益。故选C。 C A friend and I were exiting a meeting and caught some cigarette smoke from a passer-by. “You know,” I said, “I still crave cigarettes, even though I quit three decades ago.” He nodded and said, “I started smoking when I was 12. When I finally quit it 15 years ago, I’d turned 40. It looked so glamorous in those old Hollywood movies that we youth followed suit. It still does now. And like you, I still want to smoke, too.” The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a report about tobacco use in the top-grossing (票房收入最高的) movies. “Reducing tobacco use in youth-related movies could help prevent the initiation (开始) of tobacco use among young persons, especially those not suitable for children to watch without an adult,” said the report. And, although it found less smoking in G and PG movie s since 2010, tobacco use in PG-13-rated top-grossing films has increased by 43% since 2010. Those films are labeled “Parents strongly cautioned esp. for children under age 13”. The Surgeon General (SG) website states, “The youth who are exposed to images of smoking in movies are more likely to smoke. Those who get the most exposure to onscreen smoking are about twice as likely to begin smoking as those who get the least exposure.” The SG has concluded that there is a causal relationship between smoking in the movies and “the initiation of smoking among young people”. America’s leading health organizations are now demanding that all movie producers and distributors slap (强制实行) an R rating on films that show smoking onscreen. Interestingly, they’ve indicated a possible exception for movies based on historical figures. Really, it would be strange to watch a film about Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, or Lyndon B. Johnson without showing a single cigarette. And can you imagine Winston Churchill without a cigar? But who will decide when it’s necessary to include smoking in order to show history accurately? When will it matter enough for those in the entertainment business to risk receiving an R rating and losing millions at the box office? 46. The underlined word “crave” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______. A. desire B. smoke C. hate D. carry 47. We can know that the author’s friend ______. A. still smokes now and then B. is now forty years old or more C. quit smoking earlier than the author D. began to smoke after seeing some films 48. PG movies refer to ______. A perfect grade movies B. parental guidance movies C. program guidance movies D. public grade movies 49. The author thinks the exception for movies based on historical figures is ______. A. inefficient B. unfair C. understandable D. absurd 50. In the last paragraph the author indicates that ______. A. cleaning films is a good idea B. historical movies are no exception C. the entertainment movie should be an exception D. smoking scenes in movies are not easily forbidden 【答案】46. A 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕电影中烟草使用的情况及其对社会，特别是青少年吸烟行为的影响进行了讨论，并提到了相关组织和机构的看法与要求。 【46题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“He nodded and said, “I started smoking when I was 12. When I finally quit it 15 years ago, I’d turned 40. It looked so glamorous in those old Hollywood movies that we youth followed suit. It still does now. And like you, I still want to smoke, too.”(他点了点头说：“我十二岁就开始抽烟了。十五年前我终于戒烟时，已经四十岁了。在那些老好莱坞电影里，抽烟看起来很酷，所以我们这些年轻人就跟着学了。现在仍然如此。和你一样，我还是想抽烟。”)”中的“And like you, I still want to smoke, too.”可推测，作者的朋友和作者一样还是想要抽烟。再根据划线单词所在句“I said, “I still crave cigarettes, even though I quit three decades ago.”(尽管我已经戒烟三十年了，但我还是_____香烟。)”可知，作者30年前就戒烟了，但仍然渴望吸烟。划线词crave为“渴望”之意。选项A“desire (渴望)”；选项B“smoke (吸烟)”；选项C“hate (厌恶)”；选项D“carry (携带)”。故选A。 47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“It looked so glamorous in those old Hollywood movies that we youth followed suit. It still does now.(在那些老好莱坞电影中，它看起来如此迷人，以至于我们年轻人也效仿。现在依然如此。)”可知，作者的朋友看了一些电影后开始吸烟。故选D。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“And, although it found less smoking in G and PG movie s since 2010, tobacco use in PG-13-rated top-grossing films has increased by 43% since 2010. Those films are labeled “Parents strongly cautioned esp. for children under age 13”.(此外，虽然自2010年以来，G级和PG级电影中的吸烟镜头有所减少，但自2010年以来，PG-13级票房最高电影中的烟草使用却增加了43%。这些电影被标记为“尤其提醒家长注意，不适合13岁以下儿童观看”)”可知，这些电影需要家长进行指导，再结合常识可知，PG级电影指的是“Parental Guidance”，意为“家长指导级”。故选B。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“America’s leading health organizations are now demanding that all movie producers and distributors slap(强制实行) an R rating on films that show smoking onscreen. Interestingly, they’ve indicated a possible exception for movies based on historical figures.(美国主要的卫生组织现在要求所有电影制片人和发行商，对在屏幕上展示吸烟镜头的电影实行R级评定。有趣的是，他们表示，基于历史人物的电影可能是一个例外。)”以及第四段“Really, it would be strange to watch a film about Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, or Lyndon B. Johnson without showing a single cigarette. And can you imagine Winston Churchill without a cigar?(确实，如果在一部关于富兰克林·D·罗斯福、德怀特·D·艾森豪威尔或林登·B·约翰逊的电影中，没有展示他们抽一根烟，那将很奇怪。你能想象没有雪茄的温斯顿·丘吉尔吗？)”可知，作者认为基于历史人物的电影允许吸烟是可以理解的。故选C。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But who will decide when it’s necessary to include smoking in order to show history accurately? When will it matter enough for those in the entertainment business to risk receiving an R rating and losing millions at the box office?(但是，谁来决定什么时候为了准确反映历史而有必要包含吸烟场景？娱乐行业的人什么时候才会觉得为了包含吸烟场景而冒R级评定和票房损失数百万的风险足够重要？)”可知，尽管有要求禁止电影中吸烟镜头的呼声，但实际操作中由于各种原因（如历史准确性、票房等），电影中的吸烟场景并不容易被完全禁止。故选D。 D Since Hurricane Florence, news reports have turned to focus on the storm’s destructive power and the survivors’ efforts to restore their ruined lives and communities. But there’s another side to the story that goes mostly unnoticed: disasters can set the stage for deep personal growth. When we started to explore the long-term effects of disasters after Hurricane Katrina, the possibility of growth was far from our minds. We had focused our eyes so tightly on the negative consequences of trauma (创伤；痛苦经历) — like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) — that we had neither the mindset nor the tools to detect (发现) growth. But our students suggested that we pay attention to post-traumatic growth (PTG). Stories of gaining strength through misfortune exist in large numbers in religion, philosophy, poetry and literature. Yet, it is only within the past 20 years that researchers Richard Tedeschi and Lawrence Calhoun developed the vocabulary and measures to measure PTG. As our study expanded, we discovered that more than a third of the survivors reported growth. Particularly when given support and opportunities to deeply deal with their traumatic experiences of losing loved ones, homes and neighborhoods, many of the survivors we studied showed an astonishing ability to set their lives in more meaningful directions. They took professional risks and got out of bad habits and relationships and lost their attachment to material things. They valued relationships, experienced deeper spirituality and felt a sense of gratefulness in their everyday lives. How does post- traumatic growth work? Essentially, trauma violates the assumptions that many of us carry — that the world is controllable and that, if we live our lives well, bad things won’t happen to us or our loved ones. We are blind to the randomness of events and rarely consider life’s unpredictability and impermanence. Such mindsets help us to automatically distance ourselves from others’ suffering and trauma when we witness it and to vastly underestimate our own risk of experiencing such misfortune. After a trauma, many survivors struggle to reconstruct these assumptions and to neatly fit their changed-lives back into old realities. This approach prevents growth and has been compared to trying to restore a broken vase (花瓶) — it will never be as seamless (无缝的) as it once was. But those who can struggle to deal with and reconcile (调解) the difference between pre- and post-trauma goals and beliefs stand to grow stronger and wiser. Such psychological growth requires an emotional distance from new traumas and an ability to step back and think deeply that not everyone possesses. 51. The passage infers that PTG ______. A. all has a religious origin B. is hard to measure C. is a comparatively new subject in science D. is the necessity for personal growth 52. The effect of traumatic experiences on survivors is that ______. A. they start to live their lives more wisely B. they no longer ignore material things in life C. they attach less importance to valued relationships D. they become more experienced in dealing with disasters 53. After witnessing others’ suffering and trauma, many people ______. A. show deep sympathy for the victims B. fail to relate the situation to themselves C. imagine experiencing the same thing themselves D. are reminded to prepare themselves for potential risks 54. Survivors’ attempt to reconstruct their pre-trauma mindsets and lives is usually ______. A. unfavorable and in vain B. worthwhile, though unsuccessful C. reasonable and respectable D. meaningless but determined 55 The best title for the text is ______. A. Does Misfortune Make Us Better or Worse? B. What does Hurricane Florence Teach Us about Life? C. How to Get Over Trauma and Reconstruct Life? D. Have You Heard about Post- Traumatic Growth? 【答案】51. C 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了灾难后个人成长的概念，即创伤后成长(PTG)，以及它如何在科学研究中被逐渐认识和测量的。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Yet, it is only within the past 20 years that researchers Richard Tedeschi and Lawrence Calhoun developed the vocabulary and measures to measure PTG.(然而，只有在过去20年里，研究人员理查德·泰德斯基和劳伦斯·卡尔霍恩才开发出了描述和测量PTG的词汇和工具)”可知，PTG是一个相对较新的科学课题。故选C。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Particularly when given support and opportunities to deeply deal with their traumatic experiences of losing loved ones, homes and neighborhoods, many of the survivors we studied showed an astonishing ability to set their lives in more meaningful directions. They took professional risks and got out of bad habits and relationships and lost their attachment to material things. They valued relationships, experienced deeper spirituality and felt a sense of gratefulness in their everyday lives.(特别是在得到支持和有机会深入处理失去亲人、家园和社区的创伤经历时，许多我们研究的幸存者展现出了惊人的能力，将他们的生活导向更有意义的方向。他们敢于职业冒险，摆脱了不良习惯和关系，不再执着于物质东西。他们更加重视人际关系，体验到了更深的精神生活，并在日常生活中感受到了感恩)”可知，创伤经历使幸存者更加明智地生活。故选A。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段“We are blind to the randomness of events and rarely consider life’s unpredictability and impermanence. Such mindsets help us to automatically distance ourselves from others’ suffering and trauma when we witness it and to vastly underestimate our own risk of experiencing such misfortune.(我们对事件的随机性视而不见，很少考虑生活的不可预测性和无常。这样的思维模式使我们在目睹他人的苦难和创伤时自动与之保持距离，并大大低估了自己遭遇类似不幸的风险)”可知，许多人在目睹他人的苦难和创伤时，不会将情况与自己联系起来。故选B。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第六段中“After a trauma, many survivors struggle to reconstruct these assumptions and to neatly fit their changed-lives back into old realities. This approach prevents growth and has been compared to trying to restore a broken vase — it will never be as seamless as it once was.(在经历创伤后，许多幸存者努力重建这些假设，试图将他们改变后的生活重新融入旧有的现实。这种方法阻碍了成长，被比喻为试图修复一个破碎的花瓶——它永远不会像以前那样完美无缺)”可以推断出，幸存者试图重建他们灾前的心态和生活通常是不利且徒劳的。故选A。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第二段“But our students suggested that we pay attention to post-traumatic growth (PTG).(但我们的学生建议我们关注创伤后成长(PTG) )”可知，文章主要讨论了灾难后个人成长的概念，即创伤后成长(PTG)，以及它如何在科学研究中被逐渐认识和测量的。故D项“你听说过创伤后成长吗？”适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 五、阅读表达 阅读下列短文，并按题目要求用英文回答问题。 阅读表达 26-year-old Ste Burke had just gotten back to his Liverpool home from the gym earlier this week when he was approached by three men asking if he wanted to buy a bike. Burke was immediately suspicious of its origins since they were trying to sell the £1350 bike for £100. Besides that, he noticed there was a bike lock still attached to the rear wheel (后轮). After Burke bought the bike, he posted a photo of it on social media in hopes of finding the original owner. “Has anyone had his bike stolen? Just bought this for £80 and there is a bike lock still attached to the rear wheel. Obviously it’s from the Crosby area. Bought it so I can get it back to the right owner. I know it’s a£1350 bike and the owner would be heartbroken. Please send me a message,” Burke wrote. Within hours, Burke was contacted by a woman who knew the bike’s owner; it belonged to a man whose house had been stolen earlier that very same week. Since the man had saved up more than £ 1350 to buy the bike the previous year, he was overwhelmed (受宠若惊的) with appreciation for its return. The man tried to reimburse Burke for £ 80, but he refused, telling reporters that he “didn’t feel right taking money off a man who has just had his house stolen.” Burke has since been given social media praise for his honesty, although he says that he did not return the bike for media attention. However, Burke is delighted to receive praise from his rapper “hero” Stormzy, and a British bicycle factory has also offered to give Burke a free bike as a reward for his honesty. 56. What made Burke suspect the bike’s origin? (no more than 15 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. Why did Burke buy that bike? (no more than 10 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. What does the underlined word “reimburse” in Para.3 probably mean? (2 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does Burke get from his behaviour? (no more than 5 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What can you learn from Burke’s story? (no more than 20 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. The bike’s low price and lock on rear wheel. 57. To return the bike to the right owner 58. Pay back. 59. Praise and a free bike. 60. Honesty and kindness bring unexpected rewards and recognition. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Burke以低价购买了一辆疑似被盗的自行车并成功归还给失主的故事，展现了他诚实善良的一面。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Burke was immediately suspicious of its origins since they were trying to sell the £1350 bike for £100. Besides that, he noticed there was a bike lock still attached to the rear wheel (后轮). (Burke立刻对这辆价值1350英镑的自行车的来源产生了怀疑，因为他们试图将这辆自行车以100英镑的价格出售。除此之外，他还注意到后轮上还有一把自行车锁。)”可知，Burke怀疑自行车来源的原因是售价过低且后轮仍挂着锁。故答案为：The bike’s low price and lock on rear wheel. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“After Burke bought the bike, he posted a photo of it on social media in hopes of finding the original owner. (Burke买下这辆自行车后，在社交媒体上发布了一张照片，希望能找到原来的主人。)”和“Bought it so I can get it back to the right owner.(买了它，这样我就可以把它还给正确的主人)”可知，Burke买下那辆自行车是为了找到原主人，把车还给主人。故答案为：To return the bike to the right owner. 【58题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据第三段中“but he refused, telling reporters that he “didn’t feel right taking money off a man who has just had his house stolen.” (但伯克拒绝了，他告诉记者，他“觉得不应该从一个房子刚刚被偷的人那里拿钱。”)”可知，这名男子试图赔偿伯克80英镑，但伯克拒绝了，reimburse意为“偿还”。故答案为：Pay back. 【59题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Burke has since been given social media praise for his honesty, although he says that he did not return the bike for media attention. However, Burke is delighted to receive praise from his rapper “hero” Stormzy, and a British bicycle factory has also offered to give Burke a free bike as a reward for his honesty. (自那以后，Burke因他的诚实行为在社交媒体上受到了赞誉，尽管他说自己归还自行车并不是为了吸引媒体注意。然而，Burke对于能够得到他心目中的说唱歌手Stormzy的“英雄”的赞扬感到非常高兴，同时，一家英国自行车工厂也提出要送给他一辆免费的自行车，以此作为对他诚实行为的奖励。)”可知，Burke因为他的行为获得了赞扬和一辆免费自行车。故答案为：Praise and a free bike. 【60题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：你能从伯克的故事中学到什么？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：诚实和善良会带来意想不到的回报和认可。故答案为：Honesty and kindness bring unexpected rewards and recognition. 六、书面表达 61. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Let’s Promote Ecotourism”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 当前趋势； 2. 你的观点； 3. 你的倡议。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Let’s Promote Ecotourism Commonly regarded as low impact travel to undisturbed places, ecotourism has become increasingly popular these years. As for me, ecotourism is a true eco-friendly trip. With the aim of sustainable development, ecotourism calls on tourists to enjoy the scenery without damaging the natural environment. Therefore, it does little harm to the environment. By being exposed to natural areas, tourists can have a pleasant experience to get close to nature. Meanwhile, ecotourism benefits the economic development of local communities. Ecotourism means responsible and sustainable travel. We have only one planet. To protect our planet, I do hope we can live in harmony with nature and make sure ecotourism can provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就提倡生态旅游主题写一篇演讲稿参加学校即将举办的英语演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 影响：impact→influence 为了：with the aim of→ for the sake of 呼吁：call on→appeal to 2.句式拓展 简单句变主从复合句 原句：To protect our planet, I do hope we can live in harmony with nature and make sure ecotourism can provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. 复合句：To protect our planet, I do hope we can live in harmony with nature which can provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Commonly regarded as low impact travel to undisturbed places, ecotourism has become increasing1y popular these years. (运用了过去分词短语作原因状语) 【高分句型2】To protect our planet, I do hope we can live in harmony with nature and make sure ecotourism can provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. (运用不定式作目的状语和省略连词的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$