Unit4 Natural Disasters Reading and Thinking 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

B1U4 Natural Disasters ---Reading and thinking THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP Amelia Live to tell: Raising awareness, Reducing mortality. 用生命呼吁 增强减灾意识， 减少人员伤亡。 1 Learning aims： Identify the attributive clause of the text. 1 2 Learn about the key language points of the text. The night the earth didn’t sleep 第一段：Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a.m. on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 井壁上出现了很深的裂缝。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语法精讲：that 引导的是 什么从句？ 为什么用that引导？ 解析： that 引导的是定语从句 依据：that 从句位于名词cracks后,起修饰限定的作用,故为定从 引导词用that的原因：cracks(_____ ) appeared in the well walls. 从句缺主语--指代cracks，指物---因此可用that/which来引导 At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. 至少有一口井里有一些恶臭的气体传出来。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语言积累1： at least 至少 little-less-least at most 至多 many-more-most 语言积累2： smelly [ˈsmeli] adj. 难闻的 smell v. 闻到；察觉到n. 臭味；嗅觉 smell--smelt-smelt-smelling Dinner smells good.饭菜闻起来很香。（续写佳句） Useful expressions in the text. 1 in the countryside of northeastern Hebei 2 rise and fall 3 deep cracks 4 smelly gas 5 come out of sth 6 too nervous to do sth 7 refuse to do sth 8 run out of the fields 9 jump out of the water 10 as usual 11 it seems / appears that 在河北东北部的农村 难闻的气体 深深的裂缝 拒绝做某事 从……中出来 从田野里跑出来 太紧张而不能做某事 起起落落 从水里跳出来 像往常一样 似乎 / 好像 第二段：At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and30 metres wide, cut across houses,roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000 Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. 在城市正下方11公里处，20世纪最致命的地震之一已经开始，这次地震甚至给150多公里外的北京造成了破坏。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语法精讲： that 引导的是什么从句？为什么用that引导该从句？ 语法解析1：quake是名词---that 从句为定语从句 语法解析2：观察a quak___even caused damage more than.....可知 从句缺主语---主语指代先行词quake,为事/物---因此用that/which引导 Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! 全国近三分之一的人都感受到了! 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语法精讲： 1.分数的表达为子基母序（分子用基数词，分母用序数词） eg: one fifth五分之一 two thirds三分之二 three fifths五分之三 2. 分数词of结构+n作主语,谓语v的单复数取决于该n的单复数 eg:Three fifths of the students like studying geography eg:Three fifths of the water has been polluted Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语法精讲： who 引导的是什么从句？为什么用who引导？ 解析1：从句who lived there位于n之后---是定语从句 解析2：people ( __ lived there ) 从句缺主语--且主语指代先行词people,指人--用who引导 定语从句练习题 She is a girl who is beautiful. She, who is our headteacher , is Miss He The people who I met yesterday want to buy the house. Houses which is next to the lake is expensive. His best movie, which wins several awards, is about wildlife. n后-定从--从句缺主/宾--指人--用who n后-定从--从句缺主/宾--指事物--用which 非限制性定语从句，不能用that The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 地震中死亡或重伤的人数超过40万 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语法精讲： who 引导的是什么从句？为什么用who引导？ 解析1：从句位于n之后---是定语从句 解析2：people ( __ were killed..... ) 从句缺主语--且主语指代先行词people,指人--用who引导 基础知识:the number of +n作主语,表示“...的数量”，谓语动词用单数 a number of+ns作主语，表示“大量的...”谓语动词用复数 12 as if 13 come to an end 14 directly below the city 15 one third of 16 eight kilometers long and 30 meters wide 17 cut across 18 hard hills of rock 19 in less than one minute 20 lie in ruins 21 two thirds of 22 be left without parents 仿佛；好像 城市的正下方 三分之一 8公里长，30米宽 冲破；抄近路；穿过 坚硬的岩石山 不到一分钟的时间 结束 沦为废墟 三分之二 失去父母 Useful expressions in the text. 第三段：Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock——and then. later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins. 幸存者们向四周看看，除了废墟什么也没有。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语法精讲1： everywhere作连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导状语从句 [仿写] 无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎。 Everywhere she goes，she receives a warm welcome. 语法精讲2： nothing but=only 仅仅 eg:Nothing but a miracle can save her now. 只有奇迹才能救她。 Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. 大多数桥梁已经垮塌或无法安全通过。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 词汇精讲：bridge n.桥梁；纽带 v.在…上架桥 bridge the ˈgap between A and B 消除A和B的隔阂; 将A和B结合起来 The artist bridged the gap between eastern and western culture. 这位艺术家 将东西方文化结合了起来。 句式学习：主语 be adj to do 主语是...去做某事的 我很容易相处 I am easy to get along with 这些问题难以解决 These problems are difficult to solve 23 the number of 24 be gone 25 blow away 26 tens of thousands of 27 hundreds of thousands of 28 millions of 29 instead of 30 be in shock 31 later that afternoon 32 fall down 33 dig out ……的数量 消失不见 吹散；吹走 成千上万的 数十万的 数以百万的 而不是 处于一片震惊之中 那天下午晚些时候 倒下；摔倒；倒塌 挖掘；挖出；探索 Useful expressions in the text. 第四段： But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150.000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train,truck,and plane. Slowly. the city began to breathe again. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150.000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 地震发生后不久,军队派遣了15万士兵到唐山挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 基础知识积累： soon after 不久以后 army 军队 dig out 挖出 be trapped 被困 bury 埋葬 the dead 死者 语法知识：....to dig out those who were trapped...... who引导的是定语从句 依据：名词或代词后起修饰限定作用的从句是定语从句。 More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. 超过1万名医生和护士前来提供医疗服务 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 知识拓展： more than + 数词 表示“超过” more than +名词 表示“不仅仅” She is more our English teacher她不仅仅是我们的英语老师。 more than +adj 表示“非常” I am more than delighted to invite you to participate in a lecture. 我非常高兴地邀请你参加一个讲座。（应用文--邀请信高分句） 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。 语法学习：survivors whose homes had been destroyed whose引导的是定语从句 依据：位于名词后，起修饰限定的作用的是定语从句。 思考：为什么用whose引导从句？ 解析：survivors (_____) homes had been destroyed 先行词 ? 主语 谓语 （被动语态不需宾语） 定语从句不缺主语/宾语--缺定语，意为“...的”, 从句与先行词是所属关系,用whose 语法练习： The lecture (whose theme is Reading) will be of great benefit to us. 这个主题为“阅读”的讲座将对我们大有裨益。 解析：从句位于名词后，起修饰限定的作用，是定语从句 定语从句--缺定语（从句与先行词是所属关系）--用whose引导 It's the house whose door is painted red. 这就是那所门涂成红色的房 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 第五段： Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. 唐山开始自我复苏，重新站起来。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 词汇拓展： revive v.（使）复原，（使）复苏 随着春天的到来，万物复苏了。 With the advent of spring, everything begins to revive n.revival 复苏 economic revival经济复苏 Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，展现出保持积极和重建光明未来的智慧 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语言积累： prove to sb that 向某人证明..... in times of disaster 在灾难时期 unify v.团结 unified 团结的 wisdom n.智慧 stay positive保持积极 rebuild 重建 a bright future一个光明的未来 34 bury the dead 35 provide medical care 36 get back up on its feet again 37 the tireless efforts 38 be built upon the earthquake ruins 39 a home to sb 40 with great improvements in transportation, industry and environment 41 the rest of the world 42 in times of disaster 43 show the wisdom to 埋葬逝者 提供医疗服务 再次站了起来 不懈的努力 在地震的废墟上重建 某人的家 在交通、工业和环境上的巨大改善 世界上的其他地方 在灾难时刻 向……展现智慧 Useful expressions in the text. 44 stay positive 45 rebuild a brighter future 46 look up a word in a dictionary 47 be trapped under the ruins 48 be found alive 49 suffer from terrible injuries 50 be afraid to do sth 51 the revival of Tangshan city 52 go through similar changes 53 learn lessons from 重建一个更美好的未来 在字典中查单词 身负重伤 被困在废墟中 被发现还活着 害怕做某事 保持乐观 唐山的复兴 从……中吸取教训 经历类似的变化 Useful expressions in the text. That’s all! Thank you! $$