Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 导学案-2024-2025学年高一上学期英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

年 级： 高三 课时数： 3 辅导科目： 英语 课 题 定语从句一、知识点梳理 教学目的 熟练掌握定语从句的定义、分类、用法并能进行综合运用。 教学内容 Step1：Greetings & Free talk （请老师选择学生感兴趣的话题进行口语练习） Step2：Assignments checking &Revision I、错题重现 (请老师根据学生具体情况添加) II、重点知识回顾 Step3: Warming up— A cunning thief. One night a hotel caught fire， and the people who were staying in it ran out in their night clothes． Two men stood outside and looked at the fire． “Before I came out，” said one，“I ran into some of the rooms and found a lot of money． People don't think of money when they're afraid． When anyone leaves paper money in a fire， the fire burns it． So I took all the bills that I could find．No one will be poorer because I took them．” “You don't know my work，” said the other． “What is your work？” “I'm a policeman． “Oh！” cried the first man． He thought quickly and said，“And do you know my work？”“No，”said the policeman． “I'm a writer． I'm always telling stories about things that never happened．” Step4：Diagnostic test ( )1.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest. A. once they grew                        B. they grew once  C. they once grew                        D. once grew ( )2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _____ many people have gone home. A. that                                         B. which C. whose time                              D. by which time ( )3. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained                             B. what he explained C. how he explained                      D. why he explained ( )4. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way. A. it                                            B. that C. this                                         D. which ( )5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers. A. which                                     B. that C. whose                                     D. what ( )6. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family. A. when                                       B. where C. that                                          D. which ( )7. We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer. A. which                                       B. that C. whose                                       D. when ( )8. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _____ they faced many years ago. A. that                                           B. which C. that which                                 D. it ( )9. The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work. A. that, the place                            B. it, the place C. which, where                            D. what, where ( )10. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go. A. what                                         B. which C. where                                       D. when ( )11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united. A. when                                        B. if C. since                                         D. until ( )12 When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _______ she had arranged with James. A. the which was what                    B. what was that C. which was what                         D. that was that ( )13. You could see the runners very well from ______ we stood. A. which                                        B. where C. that                                           D. when ( )14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable. A. which price                                B. the price of which C. its price                                     D. the price of whose ( )15. What have you got _____ will help a cold? A. what                                         B. that C. it                                              D. who ( )16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me. A. how                                          B. that C. what                                         D. which ( )17. Do you know the man from ________ house the pictures were stolen? A. which                                       B. that C. what                                         D. whose ( )18. I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay. A. why                                          B. which C. as                                             D. where ( )19. Is this all that you need? If you married me, I’d give you everything you _____. A. want                                         B. wanted C. had wanted                                D. are wanting ( )20. I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ago. A. which                                       B. when C. where                                       D. who Step5：Grammar focus -- Attributive Clauses 一、概念： 修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句(Attributive Clause） The man （who lives next to us ）sells vegetable. You must do everything （that I can do）. 二、要点 ：跟定语从句相关的最关键的最两个词： ① 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 ② 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系代词：who/whom (指代人), which（指代物），that（指代人/物），as, whose等 关系词的分类: 关系副词：when （指代时间），where (指代地点)，why (指代原因) 1. 引导定语从句 关系词的功能: 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个句法成分 三、基础知识学习： I. 关系代词that, which, who(whom)引导的定语从句 1.指人的关系代词: who / whom / that 先行词在从句中作主语 ：A doctor is a person who / that looks after people’s health. 先行词在从句中作宾语 ：Mr White invited many friends to his party (who / whom / that) he respected much. 关系代词前有介词：Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend. 2.指物的关系代词: which / that 先行词在从句中作主语：The river which / that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure. 先行词在从句中作宾语：The book (which / that) you just laid on the shelf is mine. 关系代词前有介词： Here is the money with which I will buy a piano. 总结：⑴关系代词中在从句中充当主语的是which、that、who且在句中不可以省略。 ⑵关系代词中在从句中充当宾语的是which、that、who、whom且可以省略。 ⑶当关系代词前有介词时，指人只能用 whom， 指物只能用which。 ⑷which 只能指物，who\whom 只能指人，that既可指人又可指物。 3.表示所有格：whose (既表示人的所有也表示物的所有) 表示人的所有： The girl whose father is a model worker is our monitor. 表示物的所有： I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea. ★the + 名词+of + whom (which) 的结构= whose + 名词，下面三句意思相同，例如： 1. The river whose banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. 2. The river of which the banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. 3. The river the banks of which are covered with trees flows to the sea. 1） There are twenty students, whose backgrounds are different. 2） There are twenty students, the backgrounds of whom are different. 3） There are twenty students, of whom the backgrounds are different. 活学活用：The classroom whose door is broken will be repaired soon. ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 4.as作关系代词的用法 as引导的定语从句常出现于the same…as…,such…as…,as…as…和so…as…结构中。 当定语从句的先行词被the same，such，as 或so修饰时，关系代词可选as，且不能省略。 Let’s meet at the same place as we did yesterday. 注意：★ the same…as… vs the same…that… 指代相似的人或物 指同一人或物 This is the same watch as I lost. Where did you buy it? This is the same watch that I lost. Please return it to me. ★ such…as… vs such…that… It is such a difficult problem as no one can work out. It is such a difficult problem that no one can work it out. 区别: as引导定语从句，指代的先行词在从句中充当成分，翻译成“像…那样”. that引导状语从句，只起连接作用，翻译成“如此…以至于…”. · as 和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整句话的内容， 区别： which 不能置于句首，翻译成“这，这件事” as 可以放在句首，翻译成“正如…” 谓语动词经常为know, see, suggest, turn out As is known to all, the earth goes around the sun. As was expected beforehand, the concert was very successful. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very high. 记住下列表格 关系代词 指人 指物 主格 who、that、 that、which、 宾格 whom 、who、that、 that、which、 所有格 of whom 、whose of which、whose、 II. 关系副词where when why引导的定语从句 Do you remember the teahouse where we used to play chess? (where=at which) There was a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema. (when=during which) The days are gone when he was an ignorant boy. (when=in which) They didn’t explain the reason why they had canceled the rehearsal. (why=for which) （定语从句中关系副词可以换成介词 + 关系代词） 注意：有些先行词后面既可以用关系代词，也可以用关系副词。判断的重点在于分析先行词在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。 以the city 为例 (1) This is the city that/which I visited last year. 分析：主句：This is the city. 从句：I visited the city last year. visit：vt.，the city充当的成分：宾语 (2) This is the city where I lived last year. 分析：主句：This is the city. 从句：I lived in the city last year. live：vi.，the city 充当的成分：状语，表地点。 活学活用一： 用适当的关系代词和关系副词填空 1) The house ____________ lies in the back of our classroom is the teachers’ office. 2) The house___________ door faces north is our teachers’ office. 3) I always remember the days __________are my family’s birthday. 4) I always remember the days __________I lived with my grandparents. 5) Xiamen ____________ lies in the south east of China is a beautiful city. 6) Xiamen ____________we live in is a beautiful city. 7) Xiamen _____________ many foreigners come to visit is a beautiful city. 8) This is the reason______________ caused me late for school today. 9) I quite agree with the reason_____________ you told me. 10) I don’t believe the reason ____________ you were late this morning. 四、考点梳理 I. 关系代词只能用that，而不能用which的情况： 1) 当先行词被为不定代词。如： There is nothing (that) I can say about it. 2）先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best basketball match that I have ever seen. 3）先行词被the only 或the very修饰时。如： The only thing that we can do is to ask our teachers’ help. Is this the very museum that you visited the other day? 4) 先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。如： The first English film that I saw was “Oliver Twist”. When foreigners talk about China, the first that comes to mind is the Great Wall. 5）被修饰的先行词被any, all, much, no, little, few等修饰时。如： I am interested in all that you have told me. There isn’t much that I can do. He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes. 6）先行词既包含人又包含物时。例如： They talked about the factories and workers that they had visited. 7）先行词是疑问代词时。如： Which is the book that he bought yesterday? Who that you have ever seen can beat him in the game? 8）先行词在逻辑上充当定语从句的表语时。如： This is no longer the place that it used to be. He is not the man that he was. II. 关系代词只能用which不用that 的情况 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时,例如: She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart to her mouth. 2. 当关系代词做介词宾语时,例如: He wrote a book in which he could learn about his life. 在上一例句中,引导词 “which”作了介词 “in”的宾语,所以不可以用 “that”代替. 活学活用二、 1) There are many teachers in that school ___ I want to visit. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 2) This factory will not take anyone____ eyesight is weak. A. of whom B. whom C. of that D. whose 3) This is the last time___ I’ll give you a piece of advice. A. when B. that C. which D. as 4) The doctor _________ is going to Europe next year. A. which the manager is talking to B. who the manager is talking C. the manager is talking to him D. the manager is talking to 5) We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句只对主句中先行词作附加说明，关系不密切，如果省去从句，主句所表达的概念依然明确、完整。非限制性定语从句要用逗号与主句分开，不能用that连接. 如：Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. I decided to write about Chaplin, one of whose films I had seen several years before. 2. 必须使用非限制性定语从句的情况： 1) 当先行词为专有名词或球类、疾病、学科等独一无二的事物时。如： He caught SARS, which threatened people a lot. Basketball, which is now played in over 100 countries, is the most popular game in the world. 2) 当定语从句由“代词/数词/名词/形容词比较级、最高级等+of+which/whom”引导时。如： China has hundreds of islands off its southeast coast, the largest of which is Taiwan. 3) 当定语从句修饰整个主句时。如： They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them. They moved the fallen tree, which took them a long time. 活学活用四、 1) We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __________ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 2) I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is 3) He has two sons, __________ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. neither of whom D. one of whom 4) He must be from Africa, __________ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. which C. who D. what 5) The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, __________ much help for knowing space. A. which we think it is B. which we think are of C. of which we think is D. I think which is of 四、其他情况： 1. 定语从句一般是修饰名词或代词，which, as 可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分。 They have invited me to dinner, which is very kind of them. He disliked the girl, as was expected . 2. 偶尔也用but引导定语从句，这种情况已经比较少见了。 There is not one of us but wishes (= who does not wish) to improve our English. 我们没有一个人不想提高英语水平。 3. 关系代词在从句中主语时，从句中的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。 The students who are in Grade 3 are going to climb the hill. 4. 分隔定语从句，定语从句有时不直接紧靠着先行词，中间有其他的成分隔开如定语，状语或谓语。 There is an expression in his eyes that I cant understand. 他的眼中有一种我不能理解的神情。 This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about. He was the only person in this country who was invited. 5. 定语从句时态的简化。 如果主句动词是将来时，从句动词表示的动作与主句动作发生在同一时间，从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过去时表示过去将来时。 但是如果从句动作是指不同于主句动作的将来时间，则两部分都要用将来时。 There will be a special price for anybody who orders a suit in the next two weeks. 任何人在下两周内定做衣服都将享受优待价格。 Those who will go to tomorrow’s show will have to come this afternoon to get their tickets. 明天去看演出的人今天下午来取票。 6. 引导定语从句的关系副词可以用“介词+ which” 来代替。 This is the room in which (= where) Lu Xun once lived. 7． 以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导，也可以省略。 (1) The way in which/ that/ / he answered the question was surprising. 8．具体的地点名词后可以接where从句，但其他如case, point, situation, condition, job等表示“情况，方面”的名词也同样加where从句，这种用法源于“in this case, at this point, in this situation, under the condition”等短语，例： There are many cases where this rule does not hold good. 在很多情况下，这条规则都不适用。 He had to face the conditions where pressure was heavy. I will show you the point where you fail. This is a job where you can learn something. He left his hometown in 2002 since when he has never come back. Step 6、 解题步骤总结： 1、找出先行词，划出定语从句 2、判断选择关系代词还是关系副词,（缺主、宾、表语用关系代词，不缺成分用关系副词） 3、根据语境选择合适的关系词 （让学生根据上述的方法对诊断性练习中的题目进行总结归类，巩固解题思路） Step7：Consolidation exercise. 第一部分：基础题 1. This museum is ______ you visited the other day.   A. that         B. which         C. where         D. the one 2. This is the museum ______ you saw the other day.   A. that             B. where          C. in which        D. in that 3. It is the third time ______ late this month.   A. that you arrived             B. when you arrived   C. that you’ve arrived            D. when you’ve arrived 4. We often think of the days ______ we spent together on the island.   A. when            B. which         C. in which        D. during which 5. Have you ever been to Shanghai, ______ I left ten years ago?   A. where           B. which          C. that         D. when 6. He has left Beijing, ______ a meeting is to be held.   A. when           B. where         C. as           D. which 7. This is the very place ______ I’m wishing to live in.   A. where           B. which         C. that           D. in which 8. I have bought the same dress ______ she is wearing.   A. as             B. that          C. which          D. than 9. The reason ______ he didn’t come was ______ he was injured.   A. that, because      B. why, that       C. why, because    D. that, that 10. He must be from Africa, ______ can be seen from his skin. A. that             B. as            C. it             D. what 11. What surprised me was not what he said but________ he said it.       A. the way             B. in the way that   C. in the way          D. the way which      12. There was ________ time ________ I hated to go to school.        A. a; that          B. a; when      C. the; that       D. the; when       13. ________ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.           A. It          B. As            C. That       D. What 14. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.            A. Which      B. When   C. What         D. As 15. The English play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.           A. for which          B. at which       C. in which          D. on which 16. There are two buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.         A. the large          B. the large of them   C. the larger one that   D. the larger of which 17. Anyway, that evening, ________ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.                        A. when    B. where    C. what    D. which 18. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China.   A. works        B. is working       C. are working     D. has been working 19 . Tom is the only one of the students who ______ to Shanghai.   A. have gone      B. have been       C. has been        D. had gone 20. I, ______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.   A. who is         B. who am         C. that is          D. which am ****************************************************************************************************** Keys: 1— 5 DACBB 6—10 BCABB 11-15 A BBDC 16—20 DDCCB 第二部分：强化题 1. He has lost the key to the drawer __________ the papers are kept. A. where B. in which C. under which D. which 2. Is this the store ____ sells all kinds of fresh flowers? A. which B. where C. in which D. the one 3. The only language ____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. whose D. what 4. Everything _____ I touched seemed to be full of life. A. that B. what C. all which D. all that 5. Who produced all _____ you eat and wear? A. which B. that C. what D. this 6. They come from the place _____ it is cold and ____ it often snows. A. which...which B. where...where C. in that...in that D. how...how 7. Do you still remember the school _____ can frighten the Chinese people? A. which B. as C. at which D. that 8. This is the place _____ I spent my childhood. A. which B. that C. where D. / 9. This is the place ____ I visited last summer. A. that B. where C. what D. in which 10. The aunt ____ came to see me the other day is my father's sister. A. that B. whom C. which D. who 11. The man _____ talked to you just now is an engineer. A. who B. whose C. who's D. whom 12. Last week our mathematics teacher set so difficult an examination problem ____ none of us worked out. A. that B. which C. as D. so that 13. I will talk about a newly-opened market ____ you may get all _____ need. A. in which; which B. where; that C. where; what D. which; that 14. The Greens will move into the new house next Monday, ____ it will be completely finished. A. by the time B. by which time C. by that time D. by this time 15. ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It 16. We had to delay the party till next week, ____________ we would have something important to do. A. when B. which C. at which D. in that 17. I don’t believe the reason ___ he has given for his being late. A. why B. that C. how D. what 18. Next winter ____ you’ll spend in Harbin, I’m sure, will be another exciting holiday. A. which B. when C. in which D. where 19. There is a mountain___________ the top is always covered with snow. A. whose B. of which C. it’s D. that 20. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place ____ you may spend your weekend. A. which B. that C. when D. where 21. The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village. A. that B. until C. when D. where 22. I’ll never forget the years _________ I lived in the country with the farmers _______has a great effect on my life. A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who 23. We traveled together as far as Chicago, _________we said goodbye to each other. A. which B. when C. why D. where 24. The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what ******************************************************************************************************* Keys: Step7：能力拓展—Reading comprehension. A “Old wives tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another, For example, most of us remember our patents’ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic（蒜）is good for you, too。It can kill the type of virus that causes colds. Unfortunately, not all of Mom’s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars. Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales, After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated （积累） from thousands of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water should respect this body of knowledge even as research for clear scientific support to proven it true or false 48. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？ A, Eating garlic is good for our eyes B, Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth C, Swimming after a meal is dangerous。 D, Carrots prevent people from catching colds 49.The author develops the third paragraph mainly--------。 A. by cause and effects B. by order in space C. by order in time D. by examples 50.The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“ ” A. to be believable B. to be valuable C. to be admirable D. to be smtable 51 What is the author’s attitude toward “old wives’ tales” in the text? A. So objective B. Objective C. Dissatisfied D. Curious Keys: 48.B 49.D 50.A 51.B B Photographs are everywhere. They decorate (装饰) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. The news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. Photos record the beauties of nature. They can also bring things close that are far away. Through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. Photos also tell stories. Reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. At times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. At other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. Each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. It can also be a strong force for social change. Jacob Riis was among the first photojournalists. He took pictures of parts of New York City where the poor lived. Riis believed that poverty(贫穷)　caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. A few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by Lewis Hine shocked the public. Hine’s pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children. Hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. It takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. Photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. A photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. It can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture. As historical and artistic documents(文献) ,photos can become more important over time. Today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. They also publish(发表) them in books and on the Internet. 45. The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to . A. beauties B. photos C. goods D. events 46. The photos of the small children by Hine show us that photos . A. are also works of art B. are popular ways of reporting news C. often shock the public D. can serve as a force for social change 47. What can we learn from the passage? A. News with pictures is encouraging. B. Photos help people improve their life. C. News photos mean history in a sense. D. People prefer reading news with pictures. 48. The text is mainly about . A. telling the story through pictures B. decorating the walls of homes C. publishing historical papers D. expressing feeling through pictures Keys: 45.B 46.D 47.C 48.A C This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry”. This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students? What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field? The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thing—the importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didn’t write anything on the board. The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers (层次)　of meaning . Some layers are simple, clear, and on the surface; other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn’t happen much in undergraduate(本科)　science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文科学). Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students.” But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this:All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better. 49. What do we know about this unusual class? A. The teachers did lots of writing on the board. B. The teacher were invited to attend several lectures. C. The students were professors from a university. D. The students were studying science and humanities. 50. The experiment was designed to find out . A. how to teach the students in the science class B. whether poetry is difficult for science students C. what to be taught in the humanities class D. why many humanities students find science hard 51. Finding levels of meaning is . A. important for graduate students in humanities B. difficult for graduate students in humanities C. common for undergraduate students in science D. easy for undergraduate students in science 52. What did the science professors learn after the experiment? A. They should change the way they teach. B. A poem could be explained in clear definitions. C. A poetry class could be more informative. D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience. Keys: 49.C 50.D 51.A 52.A Step8：To have a summary 1、 What have you got from in this period? 2、 What would you like to learn next period? Step9: Assignments 1． 复习巩固本单元重要知识点，整理完善笔记 2． 完成课后作业。 Section A. Choose the right answer 1. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor. A. of whom　     B. whom　       C. of whose　  D. whose　 2. She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it　　         B. which　        C. this        D. that　　 3. In the dark street ,  there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A. that　　       B. who　          C. from whom　D. to whom　 4. The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect. A. what　        B. which　　       C. that　      D. it　 5.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.　 A. which　       B. where           C. that　      D. when　　 6．Carol said the work would be done by October, ＿＿＿＿＿personally I doubt very much.　 A. it　          B. that　            C. when      D. which　 7．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy. A．who    　   B．which　         C．this　    D．what 　 8. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable. A. which price　   B. the price of which　 C. its price　D. the price of whose 9._____ has already been pointed out ,  grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. As　　　      B. It　　　          C. That　       D. Which 10. He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English. A. this　　      B. which　         C. that　　      D. same 11. I will invite _______ my daughter loves.     A. whoever        B. whomever        C. whichever         D. whatever 12.You can buy as many copies of this book ________ you wants.     A. that            B. which           C. as               D. for which 13. Tom ate more food _______ was good for his health.     A. that            B. as              C. than            D. which 14. He was hiding behind the door _________ he could see what was happening.     A. which          B. from where      C from which       D. where 15. She wore, _______ was very uncommon in the country, a red garment.     A. what           B. that            C. which           D. it  16. The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success. A. for which     B. at which     C. in which      D. on which 17. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.     A. It      B. As          C. That      D. What 18. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which     B. during which   C. from which   D. for which 19. I work in a business          almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how          B. which        C. where              D. that     20. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.     A. where        B. which         C. when              D. that Keys: 1-5 DBDBB 6-10 DBBAB 11-15 BCCBC Section B. Reading Heroes of Our Time A good heart Dikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease. He came to Georgetown University on a scholarship(奖学金) to study medicine—but Coach(教练) John Thompson got a look at Dikembe and had a different idea. Dikembe became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of the United States. But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to share his fortune with others. He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo. A friend has said of this good-hearted man: “Mutombo believes that God has given him this chance to do great things.” Success and kindness After her daughter was born, Julie Aigner-Clark searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming children’s videos(录像) in her own house. The Baby Einstein Company was born, and in just five years her business grew to more than $20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others—producing child safety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Julie says of her new program: “I believe it’s the most important thing that I have ever done. I believe that children have the right to live in a world that is safe.” Bravery and courage A few weeks ago, Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subway station with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the path of a train. With seconds to act, Wesley jumped onto the tracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails(铁轨), and held him as the train passed right above their heads. He insists he’s not a hero. He says: “We have got to show each other some love.” 60. What was Mutombo praised for? A. Being a star in the NBA. B. Being a student of medicine. C. His work in the church. D. His willingness to help the needy. 61. Mutombo believes that building the new hospital is ______. A. helpful to his personal development B. something he should do for his homeland C. a chance for his friends to share his money D. a way of showing his respect to the NBA 62. What did the Baby Einstein Company do at its beginning? A. Produce safety equipment for children. B. Make videos to help protect children. C. Sell children’s music and artwork. D. Look for missing and exploited children. 63. Why was Wesley Autrey praised as a hero? A. He helped a man get across the rails. B. He stopped a man from destroying the rails. C. He protected two little girls from getting hurt. D. He saved a person without considering his own safety. Keys: 60.D 61.B 62.C 63.D B Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value．The concept dates back to 1623,when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed．IP rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another．For example, if somebody generates an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights．If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use．Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing, but today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literature． In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the Internet．Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book store．In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it．However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet．This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights． 68．According to the writer, in the beginning, IP rights were mainly of use to ____ __． A．those creating music, art and literature B．novelists C．engineers and inventors D．those not receiving financial reward for their work 69．What do we know about the Internet according to the passage? A．It makes IP rights harder to protect． B．It sells songs and films． C．It does not affect the way we understand IP rights． D．It prevents the production of artwork． 70．According to Paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”? A．Intellectual property rights． B．The Internet． C．Free downloading． D．The large number of songs, films and books． 71．A possible title for this passage could be _____ _． A．A History of IP Rights B．Ways to Protect Your IP Rights C．The Present and the Future of IP D．IP Rights and Our Attitudes Keys: 68.C 69.A 70.C 71.D 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$