2025年中考英语三大从句--宾语从句，状语从句，定语从句

复合句 宾语从句 状语从句 定语从句 时间状语从句 条件状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 让步状语从句 复合句：由一个主句和一个或者一个以上从句所构成的句子,中间用从属连词连接。主句是一个完整的句子,它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。 一、宾语从句 1、宾语从句的引导词 2、宾语从句的语序 在复合句中起 宾语作用的从句 1、宾语从句的引导词 双无连词（无意义且不作成分）：that 有无连词（有意义但不作成分）：whether, if, as if/though 双有连词（有意义且作成分） 连接代词:what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), whose 连接副词:when, where, why, how It is true that I like English. I don’t know whether/if he will come. What he wants is a bag. 2、宾语从句的语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，不管充当宾语从句的句子原来是什么语序，构成宾语从句时一定要用陈述语序。 I don't know where she comes from. Practice: --Jenny, do you know ( ) ? -- She is from China. where the woman in red is from where is the woman in red from? What the woman in red likes? A 二、状语从句 在复合句中状语的从句 1、时间状语从句 2、条件状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、让步状语从句 1、时间状语从句 引导词有when, as, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等 （1）when引导的从句,表示主句和从句的动作同时发生或从句的动作先于主句的动作发生。 When he opened the door, he (see) the bird. 当他打开门时，他看到了这只鸟。 saw （2）while引导的从句，主从句谓语动词所表示的动作在同一时间发生。 She was watching TV while he (cook). 当他做饭时她正在看电视。 （3）as引导的时间状语从句，主从句谓语动词所表示的动作一般也在同一时间发生 She sang as she (go) along. 她边走边唱。。 was cooking went （5）After则表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 After they had finished the work, they (go) home. 他们完成工作之后就回家了。 （4）before表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 Before he reached the station, the train (go). 他赶到车站之前火车已经开走了。 had gone went （6）since引导的时间状语从句，表示“自……以来”，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 It is ten years since I (begin) to study English. 自从我开始学英语以来有10年了。 （7）as soon as引导的时间状语从句，表示“一……就”，从句经常用一般现在时表将来。 As soon as the rain (stop), we will go home. 雨一停我们就回家。 began stops 引导词有if, as/so long as, unless等，在条件状语从句中主句与从句的时态遵循“主将从现”的原则。 Tomorrow we will go to the city park if it (be) sunny. 如果明天晴天，我们就去城市公园。 is 2、条件状语从句 引导词有because, since, as. 由why提出的问题用because回答。 He didn't come to school because he was ill. 他没有来上学，因为他生病了。 引导词有so that, in order that, in case等 We used the computer in order that we might save time. 我们使用电脑是为了节省时间。 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 引导词有so (that), so…that …, such…that …等 We have so much time that we can finish the work very well. 我们有如此多的时间，以至于我们能很好地完成工作。 引导词有though/although, even though, whoever/no matter who, however/no matter how, whatever/ no matter what 和as等 Though he was very tired, he didn't stop working. 尽管他很累，但是他没有停止工作。 6、让步状语从句 5、结果状语从句 三、定语从句 1、关系词的选择 2、只用that不用which的情况 1、关系词的选择 相关概念 主句：在含有定语从句的复合句中，除去定语从句后的部分是句子的主句。 定语从句：修饰主句中的一个名词或代词的句子是定语从句。 先行词：先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词等，它总是出现在定语从句的前面。 关系词：关系词指用来引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 This is the boy who owned the first prize in the English Speech Competition. 关系 代词 who 人 The boy who eats the apple is my brother. which 物 I like visiting places which are not far away. that 人、物 I like visiting places that are not far away. The boy that eats the apple is my brother. whose 人、物 （所属） He was a painter whose pictures were famous in his life time. The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year. whom 人（作宾语） The professor whom you are waiting for has come. \ (省略） 作宾语时 I like the meal we had last night. 关系 副词 when(时间） where（地点） why（原因） 只能作状语 That is no reason why you should leave. He has reached the point where a change is needed. 关系词 关系词的作用 He works in a factory, which is not far from his home. 本句中，关系词是which，在定语从句中作主语，指代先行词factory的意思，起着连接两个分句的作用. (1).作定语从句的一个句子成分 (2).起着连接主句和从句的作用 (3).指代先行词的意思 1、断（断主从句，关系词划分在从句里） 2、找（找先行词） 3、辨（辨别先行词指人还是物） 4、还原（将定语从句还原成完整的一句话，判断其所缺成分，若是主语和宾语，则用代词；若是状语，则用副词） 关系词的选择技巧 This is the school I once started. 练习大通关 （ ） 一断（ ） 二找 三辨 物、地点 四还原 I once studied at the school. at the school作地点状语，因此这里要填关系副词where。 He worked in the factory produces TV sets. He worked in the factory his father had worked. I like the school is near to my home. I like the school my sister studies. where which\that which\that where 选用关系词的关键：看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。 NOTE I will never forget the days when we spent together. 易错题 This is the museum where we visited last week. 修改： I will never forget the days that/which/不填 we spent together. 修改： This is the museum that/which/不填 we visited last week. 2、只用that不用which的情况 1、先行词是anything，something，nothing，everything等不定代词 2、先行词是all, much, little, none或先行词被all, much, little, no, any修饰 He never reads anything it's not worth reading. You can take any seat is free that that 3、先行词被最高级、序数词以及the first，the last，the very the only, the same修饰 4、先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词用that The most important thing we should pay attention to is the first thing I have said. He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school. that that that 5、当先行词前面有which, who等疑问代词时，为避免重复,用关系代词that NOTE: 关系副词不受这些规则的影响 Who is the person is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower? This is the same house her grandfather was born. that where $$