精品解析：上海市第二中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试卷

2024学年第一学期市二中学期中考试试卷 高一英语试卷 2024. 10 （考试时间90分钟，总分100分） I. Listening comprehension（本题共13分，每小题1分） Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Fresh. B. Tender. C. Salty. D. Juicy. 2. A. A scarf. B. A wallet. C. Glasses. D. The books. 3. A. At a dentist's. B. At a hospital. C. At a hairdresser's. D. Ata restaurant. 4. A. The boy will return home earlier. B. The boy will never do it again. C. Mom forgives the boy. D. Mom doesn't believe him. 5. A. She doesn't know the meaning of the term either. B. She has no idea of the coin. C. The man is not alone. D. She has no idea of the term coin”. 6. A. The clock didn't ring. B. The girl is almost late for school. C. The girl overslept. D. The girl should have got up 30 minutes earlier. 7. A. 1, 000. B. 1, 100. C. 10, 000. D. 11, 000. 8. A. The woman can ask his uncle to move. B. The man can help the woman. C. He will ask his uncle to move. D. He is unable to move them. 9. A. He doesn't want to show off what he has done. B. He wants to keep the secret between them. C. He wants to have a rest. D. He thinks the matter is between the woman and him. 10. A. There is hot water all day long. B. There isn't any hot water after 10 p. m. C. The man is satisfied with this hotel. D. The man will have a shower before bed. Section B Passage Directions: In Section B, you will hear a passage. After the passage, you will be asked several questions. The passage will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 11. A. To make a list of obvious air leaks. B. To check for indoor and outdoor air leaks. C. To check windows, doors and switches for leaks. D. To get problems corrected after energy checkup. 12. A. Because it can help us do home energy checkup. B. Because it can help us find some of the easier problem areas. C. Because it can help us determine where our house is leaking. D. Because it can help us decide which problem to be dealt first. 13. A. The do- it- yourself home energy checkup. B. The professional energy checkup. C. How to make your home more energy- efficient. D. How to make a list of energy checkup. II. Grammar（本题共15分，Section A 每小题0. 5分，Section B每小题1分） Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1. It ________ many years before people began to know how food miles influenced our environment. A. was B. has been C. is D. will be 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：许多年后，人们才开始了解食物里程如何影响我们的环境。根据句中began可知，此句是一般过去时态。before在……之前，引导时间状语从句，主句和从句时态要一致。故选A项。 2. This is the first time that the organization ________ a colour after a character from a film. A. names B. had named C. has named D. named 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：这是这个组织第一次根据电影中的角色来命名一种颜色。在句型“This/It is the first time that+从句”中，that从句用现在完成时，且主语为第三人称单数。所以谓语动词为has named。故选C项。 3. She ________ to finish her project before the deadline, but unexpected technical problems occurred, causing a delay in her schedule. A. has planned B. had planned C. planned D. would plan 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她原计划在截止日期前完成她的项目，但是发生了意想不到的技术问题，导致她的计划推迟了。根据句意可知，她原计划在截止日期前完成她的项目。had planned to do sth本计划做某事。故选B项。 4. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ________ in the past few years. A. have discovered B. were discovered C. have been discovered D. were being discovered 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在高科技的帮助下，近年来发现了越来越多的新物质。根据该句时间状语in the past few years可知，此处为现在完成时，结合substances和动词discover为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故选C项。 5. The health center which ________ will be open to citizens soon. The work is almost finished. A. is being built B. is built C. is building D. has been built 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：正在兴建的保健中心不久将对市民开放。这工作差不多完成了。由后一句The work is almost finished.可知，这个教堂现在还在建，结合The health center和动词build为被动关系，所以为现在进行时的被动语态结构。故选A项。 6. What ________ by the time I come again five years from now? A. happened B. will happen C. will have happened D. has happened 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：五年后我再来的时候会发生什么？根据时间状语by the time I come again five years from now可知，句子描述到将来的某个时间已经完成的动作，应用将来完成时。故选C项。 7. The Great Wall of China, which ________ over 13, 000 miles, is one of the most famous historical sites in the world. A. extended B. extends C. has extended D. is extended 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态的主谓一致。句意：中国的长城绵延13000多英里，是世界上最著名的历史遗迹之一。分析句子可知，此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句中谓语动词的填入，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，先行词The Great Wall of China为第三人称单数，所以为动词三单形式。故选B项。 8. Jim ______ a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank. A. watched B. had watched C. was watching D. would be watching 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：Jim深夜在家看电视，当剧情到最惊心动魄的时刻时，电视突然没信号了。根据题干中的when可知所填动词构成固定句型be doing sth.…when…，意思是：当……这时……，表示正在做某事，这时发生了另一件事，由后面句子中… went blank可知用过去进行时，故选C。 【点睛】做动词的时态和语态题的时候，切不可脱离实际运用的语言，一味死记硬背语法规则的条条框框。了解了时态的一些常见规则之后，在具体语境中体会动作发生的时间和状态。过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。往往和具体的过去时间搭配，也有的是过去式的时间状语从句。 9. We are confident that the environment ________ by our further efforts to reduce pollution. A. is improved B. was improved C. had been improved D. will be improved 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态语态。句意：我们相信，通过我们进一步努力减少污染，环境会得到改善。根据by our further efforts可知，句子描述将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时，动词improve与其主语the environment构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故选D项。 10. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ________ into the office during the night. A. broke B. had broken C. has broken D. was breaking 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：早晨我们来上班，结果发现有人晚上闯入过办公室。根据上文的arrived和found可知，空格处的动作发生在found之前，表示“过去的过去”的动作，故用过去完成时。故选B。 【点睛】 Section B Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In almost every culture in the world, mothers are thought to be more important than fathers during children’s development and more likely to build strong bonds with their children. This belief ___11___ (exist) for a long time until scientists started asking a new question: What impacts do fathers ___12___ their children lives besides their genes? If they mean nothing, they would have disappeared from children’s lives at an earlier time in evolution. In the past few years, American journalist Paul Raeburn ___13___ (collect) various discoveries. He now put them into his new book. Do Fathers Matter? What Science Is Telling Us About the Parent We’ve Overlooked, hoping to make people better see the numerous ways ___14___ fathers influence their children. For example, Ronold Preston Rohner, a scientist at the University of Connecticut, US, spent several years ___15___ (study) how being accepted or rejected by one’s parents influences children’s personality. He found that children ___16___ are accepted by both parents are usually independent and hold a positive worldview, while those who feel rejected by either parent may ___17___ (prove) hostile (有敌意的) and negative, Another study by Richard Koestner at McGill University, Canada, ___18___ (focus) on how children develop empathy. After looking at various possible factors, Koestner found that one is ___19___ much greater importance than others—how much time their fathers spend with them. “We were amazed to find that how affectionate parents were with their children made a big difference to their empathy,” said Koestner. “And we were astounded at how strong the father’s influence was.” So _____20_____ seems that a father’s company may indeed play a part in a child’s happiness. However, that doesn’t mean children in families without fathers are going to become failures—just look at former US president Barack Obama. 【答案】11. had existed 12. on 13. has collected 14. that 15. studying 16. who##that 17. prove 18. focused 19. of 20. it 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍科学家对父亲在孩子成长过程中影响的研究，向读者普及了关于父亲角色的新知识，并强调了父亲陪伴对孩子幸福的重要性。 【11题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：这种观念存在了很长时间，直到科学家们开始提出一个新问题：除了基因之外，父亲对孩子的生活还有哪些影响？分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词；根据时间状语“for a long time”以及从句的时态可推测，本句时态为过去完成时；主语为“this belief”，单数，和动词“exist”之间为主动关系。故填had existed。 【12题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：这种观念存在了很长时间，直到科学家们开始提出一个新问题：除了基因之外，父亲对孩子的生活还有哪些影响？根据句意可知，空处考查固定搭配：impact on…，意为“对……的影响”，符合句意。故填on。 【13题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，美国记者保罗·雷伯恩收集了各种发现。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词；根据时间状语“In the past few years”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“Paul Raeburn”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has collected。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：现在，他把这些发现写进了他的新书《父亲重要吗？科学告诉我们忽视了哪种父母》中，希望让人们更好地看到父亲以多种方式影响孩子的无数途径。分析句子成分可知，空处考查定语从句中的关系词，先行词为“ways”，在定语从句中担当方式状语，用that引导。故填that。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，美国康涅狄格大学的科学家罗纳德·普雷斯顿·罗纳发现，花了几年时间研究父母对孩子的接纳或拒绝如何影响孩子的性格。分析句子成分可知，空处为非谓语动词担当介词后的宾语，用动名词形式，构成短语：spend…(in) doing，意为“花费……做某事”。故填studying。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他发现，被父母双方接纳的孩子通常更加独立，持有积极的世界观，而那些感到被父母任何一方拒绝的孩子可能会表现出敌意和消极的态度。考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为“children”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：他发现，被父母双方接纳的孩子通常更加独立，持有积极的世界观，而那些感到被父母任何一方拒绝的孩子可能会表现出敌意和消极的态度。分析句子成分可知，空处为情态动词之后，用动词原形。主语为“those”，和动词“prove”之间为主动关系。故填prove。 【18题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：另一项研究由加拿大麦吉尔大学的理查德·科斯特纳进行，该研究关注孩子如何发展同理心。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词；根据下文可知，本句时态为一般过去。故填focused。 【19题详解】 考查介词。句意：在研究了各种可能因素后，科斯特纳发现其中一个因素比其他因素都重要得多，那就是父亲与孩子在一起的时间长短。分析句子成分可知，空处为介词of，构成固定搭配：be of + n，意思相当于，be+该名词的形容词形式。故填of。 【20题详解】 考查代词。句意：因此，看来父亲的陪伴确实可能在孩子的幸福中发挥作用。分析句子成分可知，空处为形式主语“it”，构成句型：it seems that…，意为“似乎……”，符合句意。故填it。 III. Vocabulary（本题共15分，Section A每小题0. 5分，Section B 每小题1 分） Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 21. Reading good books makes our lives better, because it brings us new ________ and knowledge. A. perspectives B. destinations C. celebrations D. initiatives 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：读好书使我们的生活更美好，因为它带给我们新的视角和知识。A. perspectives观点；视角；B. destinations目的地；C. celebrations庆祝；D. initiatives倡议。根据“Reading good books makes our lives better,”可知，读书给我们带来新的观点和知识，从而让生活更美好。故选A。 22. This ability to persevere despite great difficulties is the quality people most ________. A. upload B. matter C. transport D. admire 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种在巨大困难中坚持不懈的能力是人们最钦佩的品质。A. upload上传；B. matter要紧的是；C. transport运输；D. admire钦佩。根据句意可知，此处为动词admire“钦佩”，满足句意要求。故选D项。 23. The term “time machine” is now universally used to ________ a vehicle transporting people into the fur future. A. set out B. belong to C. refer to D. feel like 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“时光机”这个词现在被普遍用来指一种把人送到未来的交通工具。A. set out出发；开始；B. belong to属于；C. refer to指的是；涉及；参考；D. feel like想要；感觉像。根据“a vehicle transporting people into the fur future.”可知，“时间机器”这个术语现在普遍被用来指把人送往遥远未来的交通工具。故选C。 24. The ________ for the talks has been agreed, but the location is still under discussion. A. quality B. defense C. schedule D. court 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：会谈的日程已经商定，但地点仍在讨论中。A. quality质量；B. defense防卫；C. schedule日程；D. court宫廷，法院。根据句意可知，此处为名词schedule“日程”，满足句意要求。故选C项。 25. The start of a new your is a good time to ________ on the gains and losses of the post. A. respond B. contribute C. record D. reflect 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：新工作的开始是反思工作得与失的好时机。A. respond响应；B. contribute贡献；C. record记录；D. reflect反思。根据“on the gains and losses of the post”可知，此处为动词reflect“反思”。故选D项。 26. Places of wreckage were found ten miles away from the ________ of the explosion. A. goal B. statue C. scene D. packaging 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在离爆炸现场十英里远的地方发现了残骸。A. goal目标；B. statue雕像；C. scene事发地，现场；D. packaging包装材料。根据句意可知，残骸是在离爆炸现场十英里远的地方发现的。故选C项。 27. ________ called Lili, she eventually shortened her name to Lee. A. Currently B. Relatively C. Seemingly D. Originally 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她原本叫Lili，最后她把名字缩短成了Lee。A. Currently目前；B. Relatively相对地；C. Seemingly似乎；D. Originally最初，原本。根据句意可知，此处指的是“最初，原本”作状语修饰called。故选D项。 28. Even today, the exceptional architecture of the palace is visible on the ________ of the structures. A. remains B. traditions C. materials D. aspects 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，宫殿的独特建筑仍然可以在建筑物的遗迹上看到。A. remains遗迹，残余；B. traditions传统；C. materials材料；D. aspects方面。根据句意可知，此处为名词remains“遗迹，残余”，满足句意要求。故选A项。 29. Consumption rather than saving has become the central ________ of modern society. A. feature B. destination C. connection D. facility 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：消费而不是储蓄已经成为现代社会的中心特征。A. feature特点，特征；B. destination目的地；C. connection连接；D. facility设备。根据上文“Consumption rather than saving has become the central”指消费成为特征。故选A。 30. Business along this ________ trading road is still going on though it is not as busy as before. A. efficient B. plastic C. historic D. scientific 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这条历史悠久的贸易路上的商业虽然不像以前那么繁忙，但仍然在进行。A. efficient有效的；B. plastic塑料的；C. historic历史的；D. scientific科学的。根据后文“trading road is still going on though it is not as busy as before”可知此处指历史悠久的贸易路。故选C。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. typical B. clear C. focus D. matters E. admires F. reminder G. luckily H. appear I. contribute J. rarely K. reunion The Mid- Autumn Festival is the second most important annual celebration for the Chinese, after Lunar New Year. I myself, however, only began to really appreciate it in recent years. And with COVID-19, what ___31___ even more is its emphasis on family reunion. I grew up in Australia, where the Lunar calendar was ___32___ used. It was sometimes easy to forget the vague time between mid- September and early October when Mid- Autumn would fall. For me, it was really the storefronts of Asian groceries that announced the approaching of the time for moon cakes. Their high piles of brightly colored metallic boxes were hard to miss. It was like seeing the first Christmas tree pop up in shopping centers seemingly earlier and earlier each year: is it that time already? I grew up with the ___33___ sweet moon cakes filled with a salty egg yolk. Its orange circle commanded you to think of the Moon. We would ___34___ the table after dinner, and cut each palm-sized cake into eight pieces. Each of us would have but a piece or two with hot tea. The cake’s sweetness and the festival’s ___35___ on family reunion make it definitely one to share. In the last few years, I have especially loved this time of year because of all of the varieties of moon cakes that ___36___ on social media and in the shops. They’re now to my Cantonese eyes and taste buds and I love learning more about the many tastes of China. As well as loving moon sakes, there’s also loving the natural Moon itself. I only learned recently that the Mid- Autumn Festival actually goes on for three days and rights. One ___37___ the Moon at its brightest and fullest at the exact night of the festival. The night before is for welcome the Moon, and the night aner is for chasing the Moon. The festival, as a time for family ___38___ , of course makes you think of the family who—for whatever reason - can’t be there with you for that family meal. Yet ___39___ , wherever you are in the world, you can look up at night and see the same moon at its fullest, however fleeting this is. And that’s what I love so much about this time of year. It’s _____40_____ that amid all the uncertainty of our everyday lives, we make time for gazing at the Moon, whose light brightens each of our night skies. 【答案】31. D 32. J 33. A 34. C 35. F 36. H 37. E 38. K 39. G 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇散文。文章通过作者个人对中秋节的感悟和体验，探讨了中秋节的文化意义、习俗变迁以及个人情感，融合了个人回忆、文化分析和情感抒发，展现了作者对中国传统节日的深刻理解和情感寄托。 【31题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：而在新冠疫情的背景下，中秋节所强调的家庭团聚显得尤为重要。根据下文“its emphasis on family reunion”可知，中秋节所强调的家庭团聚很重要；选项D“matters”，意为“重要”，符合句意。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查副词。句意：我在澳大利亚长大，那里很少使用农历。根据下文“It was sometimes easy to forget the vague time between mid- September and early October when Mid- Autumn would fall.”以及常识可知，澳大利亚很少使用农历，所以中秋节经常被遗忘。选项J“rarely”，意为“几乎不”，符合句意。故选J。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我从小吃都是典型的甜月饼，里面包着一个咸蛋黄。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰空后的名词“moon cakes”；根据下文“moon cakes filled with a salty egg yolk”以及常识可知，这是典型的甜月饼。选项A“typical”，意为“典型的”，符合句意。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：晚饭后，我们会围坐在桌旁，把每块手掌大小的月饼切成八份。根据空后的“the table”可知，人们是围坐在桌子旁吃月饼。选项C“focus”，意为“围坐”，符合句意。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：月饼的甜味和节日对家庭团聚的提醒，使它成为一道适合分享的佳肴。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据常识可知，月饼提醒我们中秋节是对家庭团聚的提醒。选项F“reminder”，名词，意为“提醒”，符合句意。故选F。 【36题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：近几年，我特别喜欢这个时候，因为社交媒体和商店里出现了各种各样的月饼。根据主语“all of the varieties of moon cakes”以及空后的“on social media and in the shops”可知，空处指的是“出现”。选项H“appear”，意为“出现”，符合句意。故选H。 【37题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：人们在节日当晚欣赏最明亮、最圆满的月亮。根据空后的“the Moon at its brightest and fullest at the exact night of the festival.”可知，人们在这一天欣赏月亮。选项E“admires”，意为“欣赏”，符合句意。故选E。 38题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为家庭团聚的时刻，这个节日当然会让你想起那些由于各种原因无法与你共进家宴的家人。根据上文内容以及常识可知，中秋节是家庭团聚的时刻。选项K“reunion”，名词，意为“团聚”，符合句意。故选K。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，幸运的是，无论你身在世界的哪个角落，你都可以抬头仰望夜空，看到同样圆满的月亮，尽管这份圆满转瞬即逝。根据下文“wherever you are in the world, you can look up at night and see the same moon at its fullest, however fleeting this is.”可知，无论身在何地都可以赏月，这是一件幸运的事。选项G“luckily”，意为“幸运地”，符合句意。故选G。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它清楚地表明，在我们日常生活的种种不确定之中，我们仍然会抽出时间来赏月，让月光照亮我们每个人的夜空。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式担当表语；根据下文“amid all the uncertainty of our everyday lives, we make time for gazing at the Moon, whose light brightens each of our night skies.”可知，这是显而易见的，明显的。选项B“clear”，形容词，意为“明显的”，符合句意。故选B。 IV. Reading Comprehension（本题共30分，Section A每小题1分，其余每小题2分） Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. What to Do With the Trash Mountain? I could count on one hand the number of times I ordered takeout or delivery in the pre-COVID-19 era. What a ___41___ a pandemic makes. Since the end of the COVID-19, I’ve ordered more takeout than before. Want to see my trash bin? For three weeks this summer, I saved every piece of takeout packaging. The stream of paper, plastic, and glass that came through my door from roughly 30 orders shocked and depressed me. I ___42___ enough waste to fill two recycling containers—not to mention a torrent of guilt. My friends, my problem is our problem. National Geographic last year highlighted the problem in ___43___ terms: The United States uses more than 36 billion disposable utensils(一次性餐具)a year. Laid end to end, they could wrap around the globe 139 times. Blame the global health crisis for our Godzilla- sized appetite for takeout. Few of us tend to cook three meals a day for ourselves. Takeout and delivery have come to our rescue ___44___ . Market research company NPD Group reports a 127 percent increase in digital orders compared with the same time last year. The problem is literally knocking at our door. We have to answer it. “Disposable may be convenient and inexpensive but it is highly ___45___ , ” says Matt Prindiville, CEO of Upstream. The nonprofit organization is dedicated to closing the chapter on our single- use culture. “ ___46___ , they cost whales and sea lions heavily, ” he says, referring to plastic and other materials that have hurt ocean life. Consider this a call to ___47___ plastic utensils and use your own cutlery(餐具) instead when you get takeout. Last month, Rose’s at Home in Washington ___48___ from using cardboard boxes to nylon bags. A note with the food delivery asks ___49___ to reuse or recycle that and other packaging. One of the smartest ideas I’ve encountered during seven months of takeout is the metal pan used to convey paella(海鲜饭) from Jaleo. I’m keeping the implement, but I’d get $10 off my next meal at the Spanish restaurant if I were to return it. My conscience tells me to reward restaurants that have the greater good in mind when it comes to ____50____ . 41. A. difference B. routine C. memory D. position 42. A. belonged B. labeled C. established D. gathered 43. A. senior B. unique C. alarming D. inspiring 44. A. in a limited capacity B. in advance C. on a large scale D. on occasion 45. A. inefficient B. illegal C. irregular D. incomplete 46. A. Hence B. Moreover C. Nevertheless D. Afterwards 47. A. hang on to B. get rid of C. put up with D. run out of 48. A. ranged B. expanded C. shifted D. reflected 49. A. customers B. delivery men C. shop owners D. visitors 50. A. trash B. crisis C. organization D. packaging 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是一次性塑料虽然给我们的生活带来很大的方便，但却对环境有害处，因此文章呼吁我们在叫外卖的时候，应尽量使用自己的餐具而不是一次性餐具。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：疫情带来了多么大的变化啊。A. difference不同；差异；B. routine常规；惯例；C. memory记忆力，回忆；D. position位置，职位，立场。make a difference“有影响；起作用”，固定搭配，故选A项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我收集的垃圾足够装满两个回收箱——更不用说我内心的负罪感了。A. belonged属于；B. labeled贴标签于……，把……称为；C. established建立，设立；D. gathered集中，聚集。根据上文“For three weeks this summer, I saved every piece of takeout packaging. The stream of paper, plastic, and glass that came through my door from roughly 30 orders shocked and depressed me.”可知此处指的是作者将外卖的包装都收集了起来，故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：《国家地理》去年以令人担忧的措辞强调了这个问题：美国每年使用超过360亿个一次性餐具。A. senior年长的，高级的；B. unique独特的，独一无二的；C. alarming令人担忧的，令人惊慌的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据后文“The United States uses more than 36 billion disposable utensils(一次性餐具)a year. Laid end to end, they could wrap around the globe 139 times.”可知一次性餐具的问题比较严重，所以可以推测《国家地理》的措辞应该是令人担忧的，故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：外卖和快递在很大规模上帮助了我们。A. in a limited capacity以有限的能力；B. in advance提前，预先；C. on a large scale在很大规模上；D. on occasion偶尔，有时候。根据空前“Few of us tend to cook three meals a day for ourselves.”及空后“Market research company NPD Group reports a 127 percent increase in digital orders compared with the same time last year.”可知外卖和快递的增长幅度很大，因此可以推测外卖和快递在很大规模上帮了我们的忙，故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Upstream公司的首席执行官马特•普林迪维尔表示：“一次性使用可能很方便，也不贵，但使用效率非常低。”A. inefficient不充分的，效率低的；B. illegal不合法的；C. irregular不定期的，无规律的；D. incomplete不完整的，不完善的。根据前文“ I ___2___ enough waste to fill two recycling containers”可知一次性材料虽然既方便又便宜，但使用效率低，很浪费，不能被很好使用。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“此外，它们让鲸鱼和海狮付出了沉重的代价，”他说，他指的是伤害海洋生物的塑料和其他材料。A. Hence因此；B. Moreover而且，此外；C. Nevertheless然而，不过；D. Afterwards过后，后来。根据空前“but it is highly ___5___ ,”以及空后“they cost whales and sea lions heavily,”可知，空处引出一次性产品另外的坏处，为递进关系。故选B项。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：把这看作是一个号召，让你在叫外卖的时候扔掉塑料餐具，用自己的餐具代替。A. hang on to紧握，保留；B. get rid of摆脱，丢弃；C. put up with忍受，容忍；D. run out of用完。根据空后“plastic utensils and use your own cutlery(餐具) instead when you get takeout.”可知此处指的是在叫外卖时我们应该用自己的餐具，即舍弃一次性餐具，故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，华盛顿的Rose’s at Home从使用硬纸板箱改为使用尼龙袋。A. ranged排列，变化；B. expanded扩大，膨胀；C. shifted转移，转换；D. reflected反射，反映。根据空后“from using cardboard boxes to nylon bags.”可知此处指的是从纸板箱改为使用尼龙袋，shift from…to…“从……转变到……”，故选C项。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：外卖上的一张纸条要求顾客重复使用或回收这种包装和其他包装。A. customers顾客；B. delivery men快递员，送货员；C. shop owners商店老板；D. visitors游客。根据空前“A note with the food delivery asks”以及空后“to reuse or recycle that and other packaging. ”可知此处指的是针对订外卖的顾客，故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：说到包装，我的良知告诉我应该奖励那些考虑到更大利益的餐馆。A. trash垃圾；B. crisis危机；C. organization组织，机构；D. packaging包装材料，外包装。根据前文“I’m keeping the implement, but I’d get $10 off my next meal at the Spanish restaurant if I were to return it.”以及空前“reward restaurants that have the greater good in mind”可知此处指的是我们应该奖励那些心中装有环保意识所以在外卖包装材料方面使用环保材料的餐馆，故选D项。 Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） For years, caffeine has been the “drug” of choice in many cultures. Caffeine has been considered socially acceptable because it is found in drinks like tea or coffee. People who consume a lot of caffeine- based drinks may think they are addicted because they depend heavily on the substance. But if they stop using such drinks, they will experience slightly uncomfortable symptoms for a few days. The real addiction may be emotional. Many people claim they cannot start their day unless they get their “fix”, which is, in many cases, a cup or two cups of coffee. Even young people who may not touch tea or coffee are still putting caffeine into their bodies when they have energy drinks, which have high amounts of caffeine. Caffeine is a bitter substance found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolate, kola nuts, and some medicines. It has many effects on the body, including helping to activate the central nervous system. This can make you more awake and give you increased energy. America's National Institutes of Health (NIH) says drinking two to four cups of coffee a day is not harmful to most people. But it warns that too much caffeine can make people irritable and worried. It may also cause headaches, abnormal heartbeats and other problems. The NIH says women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should limit their consumption of caffeine. And it says caffeine may affect how the body reacts to some drugs and vitamins. It suggests talking with a doctor if you have questions. Would you like a drink of coffee or tea? A mathematical study showed that few people have Type 2 diabetes in countries where people drink a lot of tea. It showed that tea - especially black tea - might be the best choice. It found black tea is better for your health than coffee. However, coffee is one of the world's most popular drinks - perhaps the most popular. Results of a large American study may help to make it even more popular. The study showed that drinking coffee might help reduce the risk of oral or pharyngeal cancer, a deadly form of cancer. 51. What does the author mainly intend to express in the first paragraph? A. Caffeine withdrawal (戒断, 脱瘾) symptoms are incredibly serious. B. Energy drinks also contain large amounts of caffeine. C. Caffeine is socially accepted and emotionally addictive. D. Drinking tea or coffee is bad for health. 52. The underlined word “irritable” in paragraph 3 probably means _________. A. energetic B. angry C. calm D. ashamed 53. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Drinking coffee can help cure oral cancer. B. Caffeine can help the body absorb the vitamins. C. Drinking coffee all day has no effect on most people. D. Pregnant women should avoid drinking coffee. 【答案】51. C 52. B 53. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了咖啡因对身体的影响以及几份科学研究表明茶或咖啡对身体的好处。 【51题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Caffeine has been considered socially acceptable because it is found in drinks like tea or coffee. People who consume a lot of caffeine- based drinks may think they are addicted because they depend heavily on the substance. But if they stop using such drinks, they will experience slightly uncomfortable symptoms for a few days. The real addiction may be emotional. (咖啡因被认为是社会可以接受的，因为它存在于茶或咖啡等饮料中。饮用大量含咖啡因饮料的人可能会认为他们上瘾了，因为他们严重依赖这种物质。但如果他们停止使用这些饮料，他们会在几天内经历轻微的不适症状。真正的上瘾可能是情感上的。)”可知，第一段主要介绍咖啡因在社会上被接受，在情感上容易上瘾。故选C。 【52题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词前面的“too much caffeine (太多的咖啡因) ”和and后面的“worried (焦虑的)”可知，太多的咖啡因会让人暴躁和焦虑。所以划线词irritable的意思为“生气的，暴躁的”。故选B。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The NIH says women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should limit their consumption of caffeine. (国家卫生研究院说，怀孕或哺乳期的妇女应该限制咖啡因的摄入。)”可知，怀孕的妇女应该限制咖啡因的摄入。故选D。 （B） LONDON is a city made for walking. Unlike, for instance, Los Angeles, its centre is easily accessible on foot. Outer boroughs (行政区) are no more than an hour or two away. Its curved streets, in contrast to the rigid grid (刚性网格) of New York, welcome lazy wanderers and busy commuters alike. But despite traffic queues and crowded underground carriages, most preferred to drive or to squeeze on to the Tube to get around the city. This is starting to change. Between 2001 and 2011, the number of trips made daily on foot in London increased by 12%. Nearly a third of the Londoners sampled made a continuous walk of 30 minutes once a week to get from place to place, rather than for exercise. One of the largest changes in the city over the past decade is the number of pedestrians, says Michele Dix of Transport for London (TfL), which runs the city’s transport networks. It launched the Roads Task Force, with plans to improve pavements. Several reasons account for the walking boom. The number of Londoners increased by 12% from 7.3 million in 2001 to 8.2 million in 2011, and Tube trains are getting old- fashioned and overcrowded. But other factors also encourage pedestrians. In 2004 Ken Livingstone, then mayor of London, swore to make London a “walkable city”. Some of his plans were carried on by Boris Johnson, the mayor. These include a scheme to create clearly-marked maps for use across the city. Of 33 boroughs in London, 22 now have the typical yellow- branded signs on their streets. All TfL-owned property (such as Tube stations and bicycle- hi re points) is covered by the scheme. This prevents tourists from popping on the Tube to travel one stop from Covent Garden to Leicester Square, a distance of 0.3 mile. Streets are also becoming more pedestrian- friendly. Exhibition Road in South Kensington was redeveloped in 2011. Pavements were replaced by better- quality bricks. Fewer cars now go down the road, which stretches from Hyde Park to the museums and restaurants around the station, encouraging moving crowds of pedestrians. Londoners may also be more aware of the advantages of walking. Health campaigns like the NHS’s ‘LiveWell’ emphasize that walking is the easiest form of exercise. Rubber wrist band pedometers (计步器), such as ‘FitBit’ and ‘FuelBand’, are also increasingly popular. 54. From the first paragraph, it can be learned that _________. A. It’s within walking distance for Londoners to go between different boroughs B. You can see many people rushing or walking round you along the London streets C. Londoners enjoy taking the crowded subway to travel through the city D. It is not allowed gradually to drive or take the tube in the city center of London 55. Which of the following statements about TfL (Transport for London) is NOT true? A. It launched the Roads Task Force. B. It runs the city’s transport networks. C. It owns properties such as Tube stations. D. It aims to create clearly-marked maps for use. 56. This passage mainly talks about _________. A. Londoners’ healthy lifestyle B. the encouragement for people to walk C. a city which is suitable for walking D. London’s walking boom and its reasons 【答案】54. A 55. D 56. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了伦敦适合步行且步行热潮上升的现象及其原因。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Unlike, for instance, Los Angeles, its centre is easily accessible on foot. Outer boroughs (行政区) are no more than an hour or two away.(不像洛杉矶，它的中心很容易步行到达。行政区离这里不超过一两个小时的路程。)”可知，伦敦人可以在不同的行政区之间步行，故选A。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Some of his plans were carried on by Boris Johnson, the mayor. These include a scheme to create clearly-marked maps for use across the city.(他的一些计划由市长鲍里斯·约翰逊执行。其中包括为整个城市创建清晰标记地图的计划。)”可知，创建清晰的地图以供使用是伦敦市长的计划，而不是伦敦交通局的目的，D选项“它的目的是创建清晰标记的地图供使用”不正确。故选D。 【56题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“LONDON is a city made for walking.(伦敦是一座适合步行的城市)”以及第二段“Between 2001 and 2011, the number of trips made daily on foot in London increased by 12%.(2001年至2011年间，伦敦每天步行出行的人数增加了12%。)”结合本文介绍了伦敦适合步行且步行热潮上升的现象及其原因。可知，这篇文章主要谈论的是伦敦的步行热潮及其原因，故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The most universal facial expression is the smile — its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. A smile says, “I like you. You make me happy.” That’s why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins. ___57___ A baby’s smile has the same effect. Have you ever been in a doctor’s waiting room and looked around at all the sad faces waiting impatiently to be seen? There were six or seven patients waiting when a young woman came in with a nine-month-old baby. She sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little impatient about the long wait for service. The baby just looked up at him with that great big smile that is so characteristic of babies. ___58___ Soon he struck up a conversation with the woman about her baby and his grand-children and then the entire reception room joined in, and the boredom and tension were changed into a pleasant and enjoyable experience. ___59___ Telephone companies throughout the US have a program called “phone power” which is offered to employees who use the telephone for selling their services or products. In this program they suggest that you smile when talking on the phone. Your “smile” comes through in your voice. You don’t feel like smiling? Well, force yourself to smile. If you are alone, force yourself to whistle or hum a tune or sing. Act as if you were already happy, and that will tend to make you happy. Your smile is a messenger of your goodwill. ___60___ To someone who has seen a dozen people frown or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds. Especially when someone is under pressure from his bosses, his customers, his teachers or parents of children, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless — that there is joy in the world. A. He smiled back at the baby. B. We should give others a real smile, a smile that comes from within. C. Smile gets much easier with practice. D. So, naturally, we are glad to see them. E. Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it. F. The effect of a smile is powerful, even when it is unseen. 【答案】57. D 58. A 59. F 60. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微笑的巨大力量。 【57题详解】 上文“That’s why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins.(这就是为什么狗如此受欢迎。它们见到我们太高兴了，几乎要跳出来了)”提到狗看到我们如此高兴以至于它们欣喜若狂，空处承接上文，D项“所以很自然地，我们很高兴看到它们”提到我们的反应，与上文相呼应，them指代前文的dogs，符合语境。故选D。 【58题详解】 上文“She sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little impatient about the long wait for service. The baby just looked up at him with that great big smile that is so characteristic of babies.(她坐在一位先生旁边，这位先生对漫长的等待服务有点不耐烦。婴儿只是抬头看着他，脸上带着婴儿特有的灿烂笑容)”提到婴儿看着不耐烦的病人，下文“Soon he struck up a conversation with the woman about her baby and his grand- children and then the entire reception room joined in, and the boredom and tension were changed into a pleasant and enjoyable experience.(很快，他和这位女士聊起了她的孩子和他的孙子，然后整个接待室都加入了进来，无聊和紧张变成了愉快的经历)”指出他和婴儿的妈妈交谈了起来，A项“他也对婴儿报以微笑”谈到这位先生看到婴儿笑容之后的最初反应，承上启下，符合语境，其中选项中的smiled back与上文的with that great big smile相呼应。故选A项。 【59题详解】 下文“Telephone companies throughout the US have a program called “phone power” which is offered to employees who use the telephone for selling their services or products. In this program they suggest that you smile when talking on the phone. Your “smile” comes through in your voice.(美国各地的电话公司都有一个名为“电话力量”的项目，该项目面向使用电话销售服务或产品的员工。在这个项目中，他们建议你在打电话时微笑。你的“微笑”会通过声音传达出来)”以“phone power”为例，建议人们在打电话的时候微笑，你的微笑可以通过你的声音传递出去。空处位于段首，应该对下面的例子从理论上进行说明，F项“微笑的效果是强大的，即使它是看不见的”表明在看不见对方的时候微笑也会起作用，承接下文，符合语境。故选F。 【60题详解】 上文“Your smile is a messenger of your goodwill.(你的微笑是你善意的使者)”指出微笑表达出善意，下文“To someone who has seen a dozen people frown or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds.(对于一个见过十几个人皱眉或转过脸去的人来说，你的微笑就像太阳冲破云层)”用比喻的方式说明微笑的力量，E项“你的微笑照亮了所有看到它的人的生活”表达出微笑的作用，与上下文逻辑一致，符合语境。故选E项。 V. Summary Writing（本题共7分） 61. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Tired of walling in end loss lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. However, online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to remember when browsing various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Another problem is the appearance of Items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Some even argue that online shopping indirectly causes global warning. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Online shopping can free you of the trouble you meet when buying things in store. However, it has challenges. Firstly, you should bear in mind that you must use sites which deserve trusting. Secondly, you shouldn’t believe all the descriptions because they may be untrue. Lastly, you should know although the delivery may be late, it may cause global warming. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了网购的优势及需要注意的几个问题。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①However, online shopping brings its own challenges. ②The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. ③Another problem is the appearance of Items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen ④Some even argue that online shopping indirectly causes global warning. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 First of all, you should remember that you must use trustworthy websites. Secondly, you should not believe all the descriptions, because they may not be true. Finally, you should know that while delivery may be late, this could contribute to global warming. 【点睛】 [高分句型1] Online shopping can free you of the trouble you meet when buying things in store.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句以及从句的省略用法） [高分句型2] Firstly, you should bear in mind that you must use sites which deserve trusting.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及which引导的定语从句） VI. Translation（本题共10分，前2句每题2分，后两句每题3分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 62. 这所学校因小镇的自然特征而得名。（name v. ）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This school is named after the natural features of the town. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。“这所学校”翻译为this school；“因……而得名”用短语be named after；“自然特征”翻译为natural features。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为This school is named after the natural features of the town. 63. 重要的是你对财富和健康的态度。（matter）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What matters is your attitude towards wealth and health. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句、动词和名词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，该句为连接代词What引导的主语从句，What在从句中作主语成分，意为“一些事情”；从句中，表示“重要的是”为动词matters；表示“你对财富和健康的态度”为名词短语your attitude towards wealth and health，作句子的表语成分。故翻译为：What matters is your attitude towards wealth and health. 64. 尽管两地的文化和历史差异很大，但都为世界贡献了伟大的艺术作品。（contribute）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite their cultural and historical differences, both places have contributed great works of art to the world. 【解析】 【详解】考查介词、名词短语、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“尽管”为介词Despite；表示“两地的文化和历史差异很大”应为名词短语their cultural and historical differences；表示“对……做出贡献”应为动词短语contribute to…；表示“伟大的艺术作品”应为名词短语great works of art；结合句意可知，该句应为现在完成时。故翻译为：Despite their cultural and historical differences, both have contributed great works of art to the world. 65. 毫无疑问，回收那些被丢弃的包装是减少碳足迹的有效方法之一。（doubt）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is no doubt that recycling the discarded packaging is one of the effective ways to reduce carbon footprint. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句子陈述事实，时态为一般现在时。表示“毫无疑问”句型为There is no doubt that，that引导同位语从句；表示“回收那些被丢弃的包装”应用动名词短语recycling the discarded packaging，作主语，谓语用单数；表示“是……之一”短语为be one of+形容词最高级+复数名词；表示“有效方法”应用the effective ways；表示“减少碳足迹”应用不定式短语to reduce carbon footprint，作后置定语修饰ways。故翻译为There is no doubt that recycling the discarded packaging is one of the effective ways to reduce carbon footprint. VII. Guided Writing（本题共10分） 66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学的学生李华，刚刚步入高中生活两个月，请写一封信给你的初中班主任Ms Yang，谈谈你对高中校园生活的看法。你的信必须包括如下内容： 1. 你的高中校园生活是怎样的； 2. 校园生活中有哪些是你喜欢的，并陈述原因； 3. 你会以怎样的态度来适应校园生活。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Ms. Yang, I hope this letter finds you in the best of health and spirits. It’s been a little over two months since I started my high school journey at Ming qi High School, and I wanted to share with you my thoughts on this new chapter of my life. The high school campus is a vibrant place with a diverse range of activities and a bustling atmosphere. The academic workload is much heavier than that in middle school, with more advanced courses and a greater emphasis on independent learning. One aspect of high school life that I particularly enjoy is the variety of extracurricular activities available. I have joined the school’s debate club, which not only hones my public speaking skills but also allows me to meet peers with similar interests. To adapt to this new environment, I am adopting a proactive approach. I will manage my time strictly and effectively and make sure to balance my academic and personal interests. Warm regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于刚刚步入高中生活两个月这一情况，写一封信给你的初中班主任Ms Yang，谈谈你对高中校园生活的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 充满活力的：vibrant→ dynamic 各种各样的：variety of → all kinds of 强调：emphasis→ stress 显著地：significantly→ prominently 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I will manage my time strictly and effectively and make sure to balance my academic and personal interests. 拓展句：I will manage my time strictly and effectively so that I can make sure to balance my academic and personal interests. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I have joined the school’s debate club, which not only hones my public speaking skills but also allows me to meet peers with similar interests.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】To adapt to this new environment, I am adopting a proactive approach.（动词不定式作目的状语。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期市二中学期中考试试卷 高一英语试卷 2024. 10 （考试时间90分钟，总分100分） I. Listening comprehension（本题共13分，每小题1分） Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Fresh. B. Tender. C. Salty. D. Juicy. 2. A. A scarf. B. A wallet. C. Glasses. D. The books. 3. A. At a dentist's. B. At a hospital. C. At a hairdresser's. D. Ata restaurant. 4. A. The boy will return home earlier. B. The boy will never do it again. C. Mom forgives the boy. D. Mom doesn't believe him. 5. A. She doesn't know the meaning of the term either. B. She has no idea of the coin. C. The man is not alone. D. She has no idea of the term coin”. 6. A. The clock didn't ring. B. The girl is almost late for school. C. The girl overslept. D. The girl should have got up 30 minutes earlier. 7. A. 1, 000. B. 1, 100. C. 10, 000. D. 11, 000. 8. A. The woman can ask his uncle to move. B. The man can help the woman. C. He will ask his uncle to move. D. He is unable to move them. 9. A. He doesn't want to show off what he has done. B. He wants to keep the secret between them. C. He wants to have a rest. D. He thinks the matter is between the woman and him. 10. A. There is hot water all day long. B. There isn't any hot water after 10 p. m. C. The man is satisfied with this hotel. D. The man will have a shower before bed. Section B Passage Directions: In Section B, you will hear a passage. After the passage, you will be asked several questions. The passage will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 11. A. To make a list of obvious air leaks. B. To check for indoor and outdoor air leaks. C. To check windows, doors and switches for leaks. D. To get problems corrected after energy checkup. 12. A. Because it can help us do home energy checkup. B. Because it can help us find some of the easier problem areas. C. Because it can help us determine where our house is leaking. D. Because it can help us decide which problem to be dealt first. 13. A. The do- it- yourself home energy checkup. B. The professional energy checkup. C. How to make your home more energy- efficient. D. How to make a list of energy checkup. II. Grammar（本题共15分，Section A 每小题0. 5分，Section B每小题1分） Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1. It ________ many years before people began to know how food miles influenced our environment. A. was B. has been C. is D. will be 2. This is the first time that the organization ________ a colour after a character from a film. A. names B. had named C. has named D. named 3. She ________ to finish her project before the deadline, but unexpected technical problems occurred, causing a delay in her schedule. A. has planned B. had planned C. planned D. would plan 4. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ________ in the past few years. A. have discovered B. were discovered C. have been discovered D. were being discovered 5 The health center which ________ will be open to citizens soon. The work is almost finished. A. is being built B. is built C. is building D. has been built 6. What ________ by the time I come again five years from now? A. happened B. will happen C. will have happened D. has happened 7. The Great Wall of China, which ________ over 13, 000 miles, is one of the most famous historical sites in the world. A. extended B. extends C. has extended D. is extended 8. Jim ______ a late night film at home when right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank. A. watched B. had watched C. was watching D. would be watching 9. We are confident that the environment ________ by our further efforts to reduce pollution. A. is improved B. was improved C. had been improved D. will be improved 10. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ________ into the office during the night. A. broke B. had broken C. has broken D. was breaking Section B Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In almost every culture in the world, mothers are thought to be more important than fathers during children’s development and more likely to build strong bonds with their children. This belief ___11___ (exist) for a long time until scientists started asking a new question: What impacts do fathers ___12___ their children lives besides their genes? If they mean nothing, they would have disappeared from children’s lives at an earlier time in evolution. In the past few years, American journalist Paul Raeburn ___13___ (collect) various discoveries. He now put them into his new book. Do Fathers Matter? What Science Is Telling Us About the Parent We’ve Overlooked, hoping to make people better see the numerous ways ___14___ fathers influence their children. For example, Ronold Preston Rohner, a scientist at the University of Connecticut, US, spent several years ___15___ (study) how being accepted or rejected by one’s parents influences children’s personality. He found that children ___16___ are accepted by both parents are usually independent and hold a positive worldview, while those who feel rejected by either parent may ___17___ (prove) hostile (有敌意的) and negative, Another study, by Richard Koestner at McGill University, Canada, ___18___ (focus) on how children develop empathy. After looking at various possible factors, Koestner found that one is ___19___ much greater importance than others—how much time their fathers spend with them. “We were amazed to find that how affectionate parents were with their children made a big difference to their empathy,” said Koestner. “And we were astounded at how strong the father’s influence was.” So _____20_____ seems that a father’s company may indeed play a part in a child’s happiness. However, that doesn’t mean children in families without fathers are going to become failures—just look at former US president Barack Obama. III. Vocabulary（本题共15分，Section A每小题0. 5分，Section B 每小题1 分） Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 21. Reading good books makes our lives better, because it brings us new ________ and knowledge. A. perspectives B. destinations C. celebrations D. initiatives 22. This ability to persevere despite great difficulties is the quality people most ________. A. upload B. matter C. transport D. admire 23. The term “time machine”, is now universally used to ________ a vehicle transporting people into the fur future. A. set out B. belong to C. refer to D. feel like 24. The ________ for the talks has been agreed, but the location is still under discussion. A. quality B. defense C. schedule D. court 25. The start of a new your is a good time to ________ on the gains and losses of the post. A. respond B. contribute C. record D. reflect 26. Places of wreckage were found ten miles away from the ________ of the explosion. A. goal B. statue C. scene D. packaging 27. ________ called Lili, she eventually shortened her name to Lee. A. Currently B. Relatively C. Seemingly D. Originally 28. Even today, the exceptional architecture of the palace is visible on the ________ of the structures. A remains B. traditions C. materials D. aspects 29. Consumption rather than saving has become the central ________ of modern society. A. feature B. destination C. connection D. facility 30. Business along this ________ trading road is still going on though it is not as busy as before. A. efficient B. plastic C. historic D. scientific Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. typical B. clear C. focus D. matters E. admires F. reminder G. luckily H. appear I. contribute J. rarely K. reunion The Mid- Autumn Festival is the second most important annual celebration for the Chinese, after Lunar New Year. I myself, however, only began to really appreciate it in recent years. And with COVID-19, what ___31___ even more is its emphasis on family reunion. I grew up in Australia, where the Lunar calendar was ___32___ used. It was sometimes easy to forget the vague time between mid- September and early October when Mid- Autumn would fall. For me, it was really the storefronts of Asian groceries that announced the approaching of the time for moon cakes. Their high piles of brightly colored metallic boxes were hard to miss. It was like seeing the first Christmas tree pop up in shopping centers seemingly earlier and earlier each year: is it that time already? I grew up with the ___33___ sweet moon cakes filled with a salty egg yolk. Its orange circle commanded you to think of the Moon. We would ___34___ the table after dinner, and cut each palm-sized cake into eight pieces. Each of us would have but a piece or two with hot tea. The cake’s sweetness and the festival’s ___35___ on family reunion make it definitely one to share. In the last few years, I have especially loved this time of year because of all of the varieties of moon cakes that ___36___ on social media and in the shops. They’re now to my Cantonese eyes and taste buds and I love learning more about the many tastes of China. As well as loving moon sakes, there’s also loving the natural Moon itself. I only learned recently that the Mid- Autumn Festival actually goes on for three days and rights. One ___37___ the Moon at its brightest and fullest at the exact night of the festival. The night before is for welcome the Moon, and the night aner is for chasing the Moon. The festival, as a time for family ___38___ , of course makes you think of the family who—for whatever reason - can’t be there with you for that family meal. Yet ___39___ , wherever you are in the world, you can look up at night and see the same moon at its fullest, however fleeting this is. And that’s what I love so much about this time of year. It’s _____40_____ that amid all the uncertainty of our everyday lives, we make time for gazing at the Moon, whose light brightens each of our night skies. IV. Reading Comprehension（本题共30分，Section A每小题1分，其余每小题2分） Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. What to Do With the Trash Mountain? I could count on one hand the number of times I ordered takeout or delivery in the pre-COVID-19 era. What a ___41___ a pandemic makes. Since the end of the COVID-19, I’ve ordered more takeout than before. Want to see my trash bin? For three weeks this summer, I saved every piece of takeout packaging. The stream of paper, plastic, and glass that came through my door from roughly 30 orders shocked and depressed me. I ___42___ enough waste to fill two recycling containers—not to mention a torrent of guilt. My friends, my problem is our problem. National Geographic last year highlighted the problem in ___43___ terms: The United States uses more than 36 billion disposable utensils(一次性餐具)a year. Laid end to end, they could wrap around the globe 139 times. Blame the global health crisis for our Godzilla- sized appetite for takeout. Few of us tend to cook three meals a day for ourselves. Takeout and delivery have come to our rescue ___44___ . Market research company NPD Group reports a 127 percent increase in digital orders compared with the same time last year. The problem is literally knocking at our door. We have to answer it. “Disposable may be convenient and inexpensive but it is highly ___45___ , ” says Matt Prindiville, CEO of Upstream. The nonprofit organization is dedicated to closing the chapter on our single- use culture. “ ___46___ , they cost whales and sea lions heavily, ” he says, referring to plastic and other materials that have hurt ocean life. Consider this a call to ___47___ plastic utensils and use your own cutlery(餐具) instead when you get takeout. Last month, Rose’s at Home in Washington ___48___ from using cardboard boxes to nylon bags. A note with the food delivery asks ___49___ to reuse or recycle that and other packaging. One of the smartest ideas I’ve encountered during seven months of takeout is the metal pan used to convey paella(海鲜饭) from Jaleo. I’m keeping the implement, but I’d get $10 off my next meal at the Spanish restaurant if I were to return it. My conscience tells me to reward restaurants that have the greater good in mind when it comes to ____50____ . 41. A. difference B. routine C. memory D. position 42. A. belonged B. labeled C. established D. gathered 43. A. senior B. unique C. alarming D. inspiring 44. A. in a limited capacity B. in advance C. on a large scale D. on occasion 45. A. inefficient B. illegal C. irregular D. incomplete 46. A. Hence B. Moreover C. Nevertheless D. Afterwards 47. A. hang on to B. get rid of C. put up with D. run out of 48. A. ranged B. expanded C. shifted D. reflected 49. A. customers B. delivery men C. shop owners D. visitors 50. A. trash B. crisis C. organization D. packaging Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） For years, caffeine has been the “drug” of choice in many cultures. Caffeine has been considered socially acceptable because it is found in drinks like tea or coffee. People who consume a lot of caffeine- based drinks may think they are addicted because they depend heavily on the substance. But if they stop using such drinks, they will experience slightly uncomfortable symptoms for a few days. The real addiction may be emotional. Many people claim they cannot start their day unless they get their “fix”, which is, in many cases, a cup or two cups of coffee. Even young people who may not touch tea or coffee are still putting caffeine into their bodies when they have energy drinks, which have high amounts of caffeine. Caffeine is a bitter substance found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolate, kola nuts, and some medicines. It has many effects on the body, including helping to activate the central nervous system. This can make you more awake and give you increased energy. America's National Institutes of Health (NIH) says drinking two to four cups of coffee a day is not harmful to most people. But it warns that too much caffeine can make people irritable and worried. It may also cause headaches, abnormal heartbeats and other problems. The NIH says women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should limit their consumption of caffeine. And it says caffeine may affect how the body reacts to some drugs and vitamins. It suggests talking with a doctor if you have questions. Would you like a drink of coffee or tea? A mathematical study showed that few people have Type 2 diabetes in countries where people drink a lot of tea. It showed that tea - especially black tea - might be the best choice. It found black tea is better for your health than coffee. However, coffee is one of the world's most popular drinks - perhaps the most popular. Results of a large American study may help to make it even more popular. The study showed that drinking coffee might help reduce the risk of oral or pharyngeal cancer, a deadly form of cancer. 51. What does the author mainly intend to express in the first paragraph? A. Caffeine withdrawal (戒断, 脱瘾) symptoms are incredibly serious. B. Energy drinks also contain large amounts of caffeine. C. Caffeine is socially accepted and emotionally addictive. D. Drinking tea or coffee is bad for health. 52. The underlined word “irritable” in paragraph 3 probably means _________. A. energetic B. angry C. calm D. ashamed 53. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Drinking coffee can help cure oral cancer. B. Caffeine can help the body absorb the vitamins. C. Drinking coffee all day has no effect on most people. D. Pregnant women should avoid drinking coffee. （B） LONDON is a city made for walking. Unlike, for instance, Los Angeles, its centre is easily accessible on foot. Outer boroughs (行政区) are no more than an hour or two away. Its curved streets, in contrast to the rigid grid (刚性网格) of New York, welcome lazy wanderers and busy commuters alike. But despite traffic queues and crowded underground carriages, most preferred to drive or to squeeze on to the Tube to get around the city. This is starting to change. Between 2001 and 2011, the number of trips made daily on foot in London increased by 12%. Nearly a third of the Londoners sampled made a continuous walk of 30 minutes once a week to get from place to place, rather than for exercise. One of the largest changes in the city over the past decade is the number of pedestrians, says Michele Dix of Transport for London (TfL), which runs the city’s transport networks. It launched the Roads Task Force, with plans to improve pavements. Several reasons account for the walking boom. The number of Londoners increased by 12% from 7.3 million in 2001 to 8.2 million in 2011, and Tube trains are getting old- fashioned and overcrowded. But other factors also encourage pedestrians. In 2004 Ken Livingstone, then mayor of London, swore to make London a “walkable city”. Some of his plans were carried on by Boris Johnson, the mayor. These include a scheme to create clearly-marked maps for use across the city. Of 33 boroughs in London, 22 now have the typical yellow- branded signs on their streets. All TfL-owned property (such as Tube stations and bicycle- hi re points) is covered by the scheme. This prevents tourists from popping on the Tube to travel one stop from Covent Garden to Leicester Square, a distance of 0.3 mile. Streets are also becoming more pedestrian- friendly. Exhibition Road in South Kensington was redeveloped in 2011. Pavements were replaced by better- quality bricks. Fewer cars now go down the road, which stretches from Hyde Park to the museums and restaurants around the station, encouraging moving crowds of pedestrians. Londoners may also be more aware of the advantages of walking. Health campaigns like the NHS’s ‘LiveWell’ emphasize that walking is the easiest form of exercise. Rubber wrist band pedometers (计步器), such as ‘FitBit’ and ‘FuelBand’, are also increasingly popular. 54. From the first paragraph, it can be learned that _________. A. It’s within walking distance for Londoners to go between different boroughs B. You can see many people rushing or walking round you along the London streets C. Londoners enjoy taking the crowded subway to travel through the city D. It is not allowed gradually to drive or take the tube in the city center of London 55. Which of the following statements about TfL (Transport for London) is NOT true? A. It launched the Roads Task Force. B. It runs the city’s transport networks. C. It owns properties such as Tube stations. D. It aims to create clearly-marked maps for use. 56. This passage mainly talks about _________. A. Londoners’ healthy lifestyle B. the encouragement for people to walk C. a city which is suitable for walking D. London’s walking boom and its reasons Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The most universal facial expression is the smile — its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. A smile says, “I like you. You make me happy.” That’s why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins. ___57___ A baby’s smile has the same effect. Have you ever been in a doctor’s waiting room and looked around at all the sad faces waiting impatiently to be seen? There were six or seven patients waiting when a young woman came in with a nine-month-old baby. She sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little impatient about the long wait for service. The baby just looked up at him with that great big smile that is so characteristic of babies. ___58___ Soon he struck up a conversation with the woman about her baby and his grand-children and then the entire reception room joined in and the boredom and tension were changed into a pleasant and enjoyable experience. ___59___ Telephone companies throughout the US have a program called “phone power” which is offered to employees who use the telephone for selling their services or products. In this program they suggest that you smile when talking on the phone. Your “smile” comes through in your voice. You don’t feel like smiling? Well, force yourself to smile. If you are alone, force yourself to whistle or hum a tune or sing. Act as if you were already happy, and that will tend to make you happy. Your smile is a messenger of your goodwill. ___60___ To someone who has seen a dozen people frown or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds. Especially when someone is under pressure from his bosses, his customers, his teachers or parents of children, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless — that there is joy in the world. A. He smiled back at the baby. B. We should give others a real smile a smile that comes from within. C. Smile gets much easier with practice. D. So, naturally, we are glad to see them. E. Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it. F. The effect of a smile is powerful, even when it is unseen. V. Summary Writing（本题共7分） 61. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Tired of walling in end loss lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. However, online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to remember when browsing various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Another problem is the appearance of Items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Some even argue that online shopping indirectly causes global warning. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ VI. Translation（本题共10分，前2句每题2分，后两句每题3分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 62. 这所学校因小镇的自然特征而得名。（name v. ）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 63. 重要的是你对财富和健康的态度。（matter）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 64. 尽管两地的文化和历史差异很大，但都为世界贡献了伟大的艺术作品。（contribute）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 65. 毫无疑问，回收那些被丢弃的包装是减少碳足迹的有效方法之一。（doubt）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ VII. Guided Writing（本题共10分） 66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学的学生李华，刚刚步入高中生活两个月，请写一封信给你的初中班主任Ms Yang，谈谈你对高中校园生活的看法。你的信必须包括如下内容： 1. 你的高中校园生活是怎样的； 2. 校园生活中有哪些是你喜欢的，并陈述原因； 3. 你会以怎样的态度来适应校园生活。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$