精品解析：广东省广州市天河中学高中部2023-2024学年高二下学期期中能力考试英语试卷

广州市天河中学高中部2023学年第二学期能力考试 高二英语试卷 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共10页，满分150分 考试用时120分钟 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 45分） 第一节 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A One day in Bronx, a first-grade teacher sat down in a barbershop for a haircut and one of his students walked in, sat down, and started looking restless. He thought to himself that it was a perfect opportunity to practice reading, a thought that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershops around the US with free books to trim back childhood illiteracy (文盲). His non- profit, Barbershop Books, has delivered 50, 000 free books to more than 200 barbershops in mainly black neighborhoods in 24 states, considering the fact that in Black American communities, barbershops are like community centers where people gather naturally. “So many kids associate reading with something you do in or for school,” he said. “If the only place a kid practices the piano is during a lesson, the progress will be slow. Our program is about getting kids to say three words: ‘I’m a reader.’” Irby’s program may seem straightforward but there’s a lot of thought behind it. He puts a colorful, kid-sized bookshelf in each shop, making it inviting to children. The books displayed are all carefully chosen based on recommendations from his target audience. The bookshelves display the covers of the books rather than the spines, helping kids who may be interested in reading seize the opportunity for themselves, whether they’re in the barber’s chair or they’re waiting on their dad or friend. And Irby involves the barbers in his mission — training them to engage kids about reading. “We want them to encourage kids to use the reading spaces,” he said. “Then they can talk to them about how they like reading, how funny a book was or tell them about another book another kid was reading.” Denny Moe was the first barber to work with Irby. Moe had previously offered video games at his Harlem shop, to bring in extra income, but he was willing to quit that to help the community. “I decided to pay it forward by getting rid of the video games, putting books in here, just to get the kids’ minds going,” he said. “You want to make an impact. ” “These books, I would say, have power,” 8-year-old boy Chance said. That’s what keeps Irby motivated. “I’m just excited that we get to create a safe space for boys to do something that’s really life changing,” he said. “That’s what I really believe reading is. It unlocks potential.” 1. Why does the program appeal to children? A. Because it expresses children’s requirements. B. Because it shows children’s characteristics. C. Because it protects children’s security. D. Because it considers children’s preferences. 2. What made Denny Moe give up the video games finally? A. His motive for attract more customers. B. His ambition to make a difference. C. His desire to make a big fortune. D. His hope of meeting different demands. 3. What is the best title for this passage? A. Black Kids, Potential Big Readers B. Free Books, Good Way to Pay Back C. Colourful Covers, Nice Try to Attract Kids D. Small Barbershops, Treasure House to Start Reading B Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to fail. Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child’s hurriedly-made table as “Perfect!” even though it doesn’t stand still. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid. The trouble with failure-prevention methods is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time and that it’s possible to enjoy a game even when we don’t win. A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t make the honor roll on the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation(慰藉), prize or say, “It doesn’t matter,” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment—and be helped to master it. Failure is never pleasant. It hurts grown-ups and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail?” Resist the natural impulse (冲动) to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong and how you can improve. If someone else can help, don’t be shy about asking. Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure that seems total can stimulate fresh thinking, a change of direction. After 12 years of studying ballet, a friend of mine went for a professional company. She was turned down. “Would further training help” she asked. The ballet master shook his head. “You will never be a dancer”, he said, “You haven’t the body for it.” In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock of (估量) the situation courageously, asking, “What have I left? What else can I do?” My friend put away her toe shoes and moved into dance therapy, a field where she’s both able and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there’s less to lose. Often there is recovery of energy—a way to find new possibilities. 4. According to the passage, how does a person usually cover his failure up? A. He refuses to acknowledge that failure will eventually lead to growth. B. He’d rather praise than state the fact despite any apparent deficiency. C. He tries all the possible means to hide the truth from being revealed. D. He will take every opportunity to pronounce his natural right to fail. 5. What could be meant by the underlined “make”? A. produce B. become C. achieve D. draw 6. What’s the author’s assessment of failure vs success? A. Comparatively speaking, success is a much better teacher. B. Failure teaches humans as much as success, if not any less. C. Everyone fails now and then, but they may not succeed at all. D. Success arouses fresh thinking thus leading to further success. 7. By the example of the ballet student, the author tells us ________. A. It is natural for a failure to shift blame onto others. B. Failure enables someone to rethink their potential. C. Success paves the way to find new possibilities. D. In failure lies recovery where one has less to lose. C One long gray ship at the Port of Los Angeles is doing its part to combat climate change. On the ship, which belongs to Captura, a Los Angeles-based startup, is a system that takes into seawater and sucks out CO2, which can be used for various purposes or buried. The decarbonated (不含二氧化碳的) seawater is returned to the ocean, where it absorbs more CO2 from the atmosphere, in a small strike against the massive rise of the greenhouse gas. After a yearlong experiment, Captura is planning to open a 1000-ton-per-year facility that will bury the captured CO2 in rock formations under the North Sea. Equatic, another Los Angeles-based startup, is launching an even larger 3650-ton-per-year ocean CO2 capture plant this year in Singapore. Supporters say capturing CO2 from the ocean should be easier and cheaper than a seemingly more direct approach: extracting it directly from the air. Direct air capture, which relies on fans to sweep air past absorbent chemicals, currently costs between $600 to $1000 per ton of CO2 removed, largely because atmospheric CO2 is so thin, making up less than 0.05% of the air. Earth’s oceans, in contrast, hold the gas at a concentration nearly 150 times higher, and absorb roughly 30% of all CO2 emissions each year. Companies say they should ultimately be able to capture CO2 at $100 per ton, or less. Ocean capture advocates are seeking government support. In the US direct air capture plants earn a $180 tax credit per ton of removed CO2, but Ocean efforts currently don’t qualify. “A similar tax incentive (激励政策) for water-based CO2 removal is absolutely needed,” says Ruben Brands, CEO of Equatic. Even if the technology takes off, it will have to scale up massively to make a meaning contribution in offsetting (抵消) global emissions. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, by 2050 we will need to remove some 5 billion tons of CO2 every year to limit the global temperature increase to 1.5℃. So far, the ocean capture companies are pulling out only thousands of tons. Matthew Eisaman, a chief scientist at Captura, says, “We have an enormous challenge ahead of us.” 8. How does the system in para. 1 work? A. It converts seawater into CO2. B. It releases CO2 into the atmosphere. C It absorbs seawater and extracts CO2. D. It stores decarbonated seawater on the ship. 9. What makes extracting CO2 from the ocean easier and cheaper? A. CO2 in seawater is more absorbent. B. CO2 is stored in solid form in seawater. C. CO2 in the ocean is more readily accessible. D. CO2 is naturally more concentrated in seawater. 10. What is the Ruben Brands’s attitude toward the new form of capturing technology? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Indifferent. 11. What would be the best title of the passage? A. Combining Ocean CO2 Capture with Air Capture B. Setting a New Example of Climate Change Solution C. Analyzing Ocean CO2 Capture against Climate Change D. Exploring Oceanic Solutions for Reducing CO2 Emissions 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中两项为多余选项。 Adele’s new album, “30”, is finally available. Last month, hundreds of millions of us streamed its first single, “Easy On Me.” This song arouses feelings not easily put into words, but we can probably agree it is a sad song. ___12___ Yet sad music does pull us in and lift us up. Let’s start with a biological theory. When we experience real-life loss, or empathize (体会) with another’s pain, certain hormones are released within us. ___13___ They do so by making us feel calmed and supported. Feeling Adele’s pain, or recalling our own, may cause such chemical changes within us. Psychologically, a key reason we enjoy sad songs is that they profoundly move us. Feeling moved can come from us suddenly feeling closer to other people. Indeed, when we have listened to “30”, we may turn to reaction videos to see how others feel. ___14___And it boosts our feeling of being moved and triggers feelings of comfort and belonging. ___15___ Adele’s songs allow us to view the pleasure in terms of the meaning she helps us make. Adele takes hard life experiences and makes sense of them. This is what much sad art does. It takes the pain and suffering of the world and gives it meaning. As philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche once put it, someone who has a why to live can bear almost any how. Ultimately, we listen to Adele’s songs when we want to recall, reflect, or belong. They let us feel her sadness, share our suffering, and connect with others. To all of us, Adele’s songs say: ___16___ A. You are not alone in your pain. B Music speaks louder than words. C. These help us to tackle loss and pain. D. We can also think at the spiritual level. E. Few people are aware sad music makes us feel good. F. This lets us share an emotional experience with others. G. This may make us better prepared for when real loss strikes. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。 On the morning of my Ph. D. qualifying exam. I rolled out of bed. showered, and next came the makeup. I brushed on a layer of foundation and drew thick black lines around my eyes — a ____17____ that signified (表达) the courage I wanted to show during my presentation. Then I looked in the mirror. I felt confident — ____18____ to answer questions that would be thrown at me. It's a way I found thanks to an unlikely ____19____: a famous singer. I've always ____20____ with being confident. As an undergraduate, I felt extremely ____21____ whenever I tried to answer questions from professors. Later, in graduate school, I especially ____22____ giving presentations about my research. ____23____, I could find a solution that could build my confidence. The ____24____ came during the month before my qualifying exam when I appreciated the singer's new song. As a fan, I noticed it sounded completely ____25____. She had switched from her usual dance-pop to soft rock and country. I was ______26______ — why was she doing so? She was taking a huge professional ______27______, but she was ______28______in her music and herself. Her confidence got me thinking: Could I do something similar before I stepped on stage? I ______29______ the image I wanted my professional self to possess. I ______30______ myself wearing professional clothing and appropriate makeup. To me, makeup wasn't a mask. It ______31______ courage and confidence. I first experimented with the______32______during a practice presentation at home. It was a great ______33______ . So I decided to give my new self a(n) ______34______ at my qualifying exam. When I walked into the exam room, I was happy to ______35______ I had newfound confidence. Sure, I was still nervous but 1 was able to answer questions without ______36______. 17. A. prayer B. manner C. look D. greeting 18. A. sorry B. ready C. kind D. shy 19. A. inspiration B. meeting C. coincidence D. incident 20. A. connected B. combined C. compared D. struggled 21. A. excited B. nervous C. angry D. delighted 22. A. feared B. practised C. forbade D. admitted 23. A. Legally B. Immediately C. Hopefully D. Unfortunately 24. A. reward B. dilemma C. outcome D. breakthrough 25. A. different B. professional C. famous D. normal 26 A. relieved B. embarrassed C. curious D. cautious 27. A. action B. side C. risk D. seat 28. A. confident B. interested C. honest D. expert 29. A. laughed at B. gave up C. commented on D. thought about 30. A. avoided B. imagined C. resisted D. missed 31. A. consumed B. represented C. covered D. replaced 32. A. principle B. advice C. hobby D. idea 33. A. start B. challenge C. future D. effort 34. A. meaning B. end C. go D. alternative 35. A. wish B. discover C. predict D. promise 36. A. judging B. speaking C. smiling D. trembling 第二节 语法填空（共10题；每小题1. 5分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is a popular Chinese saying — “Guilin’s landscape is the best under heaven”. A city in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, Guilin is one of the most popular tourism ____37____ (icon) in the country. In 2022, it attracted thousands of theater lovers with ____38____ (it) initial Guilin Festival, which took place from Dec 10 to 18. It is the third time that this annual festival ____39____ (hold) during this period. The festival burst into bloom both indoors and outdoors, ____40____ (feature) live performances and screening of theatrical productions from home and abroad. The festival is co-organized by the Central Academy of Drama. ____41____ (grand), the festival will offer a platform, ____42____ the Central Academy of Drama will play a key role, aiming ____43____ (promote) cultural exchange and the development of theater education. “The Guilin Festival was ____44____ unique success, attracting more than 10, 000 attendees from around the country and staging over 128 performances,” says Liu Xinglin, a professor at the Central Academy of Dram a and the artistic ____45____ (direct) of Guilin Festival. “This year, the festival will continue to serve as a platform for global artists to communicate _____46_____ a destination for theater lovers to enjoy a diversity of programs. ” II 卷 第三部分 基础知识（共四节，满分40分） 选词填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分 10分） 用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次，每空填入一个单词。 freedom complicated respective superior joint weekly capacity calculate ridiculous whereas Traveling can be a fantastic way for travelers to explore new places and broaden their horizons. Among these travelers, taking trips ____47____ has become increasingly popular. They look forward to weekend trips where they can relax and enrich their lives. However, many find trip planning ____48____ due to the numerous details that need to be considered. From ____49____ the essential budgets to selecting the perfect accommodations and activities, people can feel overwhelmed by the whole process. That's where travel agents prove their worth. These agents have access to a wide range of resources that travelers might not know about, such as special rates at hotels or local unknown ____50____ with delicious food. These can save travelers’ time and money while allowing them to enjoy their trip. The agents offer expertise and convenience, ____51____ there are some concerns. How ____52____ it is when the obligatory (强制性的) shopping is often included in some package deals. Travelers should have the ____53____ to decide whether and where to shop. If encountering this situation, travelers must possess the ____54____ to refuse such practices. Travelers have their ____55____ ideas of the ideal journey, and what matters most is enjoying it. If selecting a travel agent to arrange the trip, please distinguish their persuasive talk and choose the _____56_____ one. 第二节 短语填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整，有两个短语多余。 take over fall away be superior to have an urge to a handful of a flock of turn out 57. She decided that I was the ideal person to ________________ the job. 58. The houses where we lived ________________ as the village suffered from a serious earthquake. 59. Technically this model ________________ its competitors. Therefore, it is well received by customers. 60. She brought ________________ rice out of the bag and showed it to me. 61. The English party which was organized by our class ________________ to be very successful. 第三节 补全句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据中文提示和所给的英文部分完成下列句子。 62. 很多学生站在体育馆前，等待着贵宾的到来。（完全倒装） ________________,________________the arrival of the honored guests. 63. 我们不能获得的东西似乎比我们已拥有的东西要好。（主语从句，宾语从句） ________________ seems better than ________________. 64. 科幻小说被视为一面镜子，通过它，我们可以自由想象我们的未来。（定语从句） Science fiction is ________________, ________________ our future ________________. 65. 北京的标志性国家体育馆，也被称为“鸟巢”，能容纳8万人。 The iconic Beijing National Stadium, ________________, ________________. 66. 据报道，灾区目前正在修建许多房屋。 ________________ many houses ________________ in the disaster area. 第四节 作文默写（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 短文填空 This is a poem written by an Iraqi child. ________67________ Iraq is at war. The child's father has gone to the battlefield for their freedom. Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war. To a small child ________68________. They are longing for peace. ________69________. ________70________ how much peace means to a country and its people. Though ________71________ . They have to be separated at the moment, however, they still share sincere hope in their mind. They believe the victory will belong to them. And they are looking forward to the day. 第四部分 书面表达（满分30分） 72. 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举行唐诗交流会，你打算分享《悯农·其一》，请写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 介绍诗歌内容及思想感情； 2. 自己的劳动经历和感悟。 注意： 1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 广州市天河中学高中部2023学年第二学期能力考试 高二英语试卷 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共10页，满分150分 考试用时120分钟 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 45分） 第一节 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A One day in Bronx, a first-grade teacher sat down in a barbershop for a haircut and one of his students walked in, sat down, and started looking restless. He thought to himself that it was a perfect opportunity to practice reading, a thought that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershops around the US with free books to trim back childhood illiteracy (文盲). His non- profit, Barbershop Books, has delivered 50, 000 free books to more than 200 barbershops in mainly black neighborhoods in 24 states, considering the fact that in Black American communities, barbershops are like community centers where people gather naturally. “So many kids associate reading with something you do in or for school,” he said. “If the only place a kid practices the piano is during a lesson, the progress will be slow. Our program is about getting kids to say three words: ‘I’m a reader.’” Irby’s program may seem straightforward but there’s a lot of thought behind it. He puts a colorful, kid-sized bookshelf in each shop, making it inviting to children. The books displayed are all carefully chosen based on recommendations from his target audience. The bookshelves display the covers of the books rather than the spines, helping kids who may be interested in reading seize the opportunity for themselves, whether they’re in the barber’s chair or they’re waiting on their dad or friend. And Irby involves the barbers in his mission — training them to engage kids about reading. “We want them to encourage kids to use the reading spaces,” he said. “Then they can talk to them about how they like reading, how funny a book was or tell them about another book another kid was reading.” Denny Moe was the first barber to work with Irby. Moe had previously offered video games at his Harlem shop, to bring in extra income, but he was willing to quit that to help the community. “I decided to pay it forward by getting rid of the video games, putting books in here, just to get the kids’ minds going,” he said. “You want to make an impact. ” “These books, I would say, have power,” 8-year-old boy Chance said. That’s what keeps Irby motivated. “I’m just excited that we get to create a safe space for boys to do something that’s really life changing,” he said. “That’s what I really believe reading is. It unlocks potential.” 1. Why does the program appeal to children? A. Because it expresses children’s requirements. B. Because it shows children’s characteristics. C. Because it protects children’s security. D. Because it considers children’s preferences. 2. What made Denny Moe give up the video games finally? A. His motive for attract more customers. B. His ambition to make a difference. C. His desire to make a big fortune. D. His hope of meeting different demands. 3. What is the best title for this passage? A. Black Kids, Potential Big Readers B. Free Books, Good Way to Pay Back C. Colourful Covers, Nice Try to Attract Kids D. Small Barbershops, Treasure House to Start Reading 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章通过讲述Alvin Irby通过他的非营利组织“理发店图书”在理发店内提供免费书籍，旨在减少儿童文盲现象的故事，展现了个人行动对于社区和社会的积极影响。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He puts a colorful, kid-sized bookshelf in each shop, making it inviting to children. The books displayed are all carefully chosen based on recommendations from his target audience. The bookshelves display the covers of the books rather than the spines, helping kids who may be interested in reading seize the opportunity for themselves, whether they’re in the barber’s chair or they’re waiting on their dad or friend.(他在每家理发店都放了一个色彩鲜艳、适合孩子尺寸的书架，以此吸引孩子们。展示的书都是根据他的目标受众的推荐精心挑选的。书架展示的是书的封面而不是书脊，这样可以帮助那些可能对阅读感兴趣的孩子抓住阅读的机会，无论他们是坐在理发椅上，还是在等待爸爸或朋友)”可知，该项目在选择书籍时确实考虑了孩子们的偏好，并且书架展示的是书的封面而不是书脊，从而吸引孩子们注意并激发他们的阅读兴趣。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Denny Moe was the first barber to work with Irby. Moe had previously offered video games at his Harlem shop, to bring in extra income, but he was willing to quit that to help the community. “I decided to pay it forward by getting rid of the video games, putting books in here, just to get the kids’ minds going,” he said. “You want to make an impact. ”(Denny Moe是第一个与艾尔比合作的理发师。Moe以前在他的哈莱姆区理发店里提供电子游戏，以增加额外收入，但他愿意放弃这些来帮助社区。“我决定通过去掉电子游戏，在这里放上书，来激发孩子们的思维，”他说，“你想产生影响。”)”可知，Denny Moe希望通过提供免费书籍来鼓励孩子们阅读，从而减少文盲现象。这反映了他想要做出积极改变的志向，也是他放弃电子游戏转而专注于阅读推广的原因。故选B。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“He thought to himself that it was a perfect opportunity to practice reading, a thought that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershops around the US with free books to trim back childhood illiteracy(文盲). His non- profit, Barbershop Books, has delivered 50, 000 free books to more than 200 barbershops in mainly black neighborhoods in 24 states, considering the fact that in Black American communities, barbershops are like community centers where people gather naturally.(老师心想，这正是一个练习阅读的好机会，而这个念头改变了Alvin Irby的命运。如今，他正在美国各地的许多理发店里摆放免费书籍，以减少儿童文盲现象。他的非营利组织“理发店图书”已经向24个州主要黑人社区中的200多家理发店赠送了50,000本免费书籍，考虑到在美国黑人社区，理发店就像社区中心一样，是人们自然聚集的地方)”、文章第三段“He puts a colorful, kid- sized bookshelf in each shop, making it inviting to children. The books displayed are all carefully chosen based on recommendations from his target audience. The bookshelves display the covers of the books rather than the spines, helping kids who may be interested in reading seize the opportunity for themselves, whether they’re in the barber’s chair or they’re waiting on their dad or friend.(他在每家理发店都放了一个色彩鲜艳、适合孩子尺寸的书架，以此吸引孩子们。展示的书都是根据他的目标受众的推荐精心挑选的。书架展示的是书的封面而不是书脊，这样可以帮助那些可能对阅读感兴趣的孩子抓住阅读的机会，无论他们是坐在理发椅上，还是在等待爸爸或朋友)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了Alvin Irby通过小型理发店这一平台，为孩子们提供了一个开始阅读的“宝库”。选项D“Small Barbershops, Treasure House to Start Reading(小理发店，阅读的宝藏屋)”很好地捕捉到了文章的核心内容，仅涵盖了Irby在理发店内放置免费书籍的行动，还隐含了这些书籍对于孩子们阅读兴趣和能力的积极影响。故选D。 B Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to fail. Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child’s hurriedly-made table as “Perfect!” even though it doesn’t stand still. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid. The trouble with failure-prevention methods is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time and that it’s possible to enjoy a game even when we don’t win. A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t make the honor roll on the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation(慰藉), prize or say, “It doesn’t matter,” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment—and be helped to master it. Failure is never pleasant. It hurts grown-ups and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail?” Resist the natural impulse (冲动) to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong and how you can improve. If someone else can help, don’t be shy about asking. Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure that seems total can stimulate fresh thinking, a change of direction. After 12 years of studying ballet, a friend of mine went for a professional company. She was turned down. “Would further training help” she asked. The ballet master shook his head. “You will never be a dancer”, he said, “You haven’t the body for it.” In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock of (估量) the situation courageously, asking, “What have I left? What else can I do?” My friend put away her toe shoes and moved into dance therapy, a field where she’s both able and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there’s less to lose. Often there is recovery of energy—a way to find new possibilities. 4. According to the passage how does a person usually cover his failure up? A. He refuses to acknowledge that failure will eventually lead to growth. B. He’d rather praise than state the fact despite any apparent deficiency. C. He tries all the possible means to hide the truth from being revealed. D. He will take every opportunity to pronounce his natural right to fail. 5. What could be meant by the underlined “make”? A. produce B. become C. achieve D. draw 6. What’s the author’s assessment of failure vs success? A. Comparatively speaking, success is a much better teacher. B. Failure teaches humans as much as success, if not any less. C. Everyone fails now and then, but they may not succeed at all. D. Success arouses fresh thinking, thus leading to further success. 7. By the example of the ballet student, the author tells us ________. A. It is natural for a failure to shift blame onto others. B. Failure enables someone to rethink their potential. C. Success paves the way to find new possibilities. D. In failure lies recovery where one has less to lose. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了每个人都会时不时地失败，以及我们应该如何正确地面对失败。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child’s hurriedly-made table as “Perfect!” even though it doesn’t stand still. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.”（大多数父母要么努力防止失败，要么保护孩子不让他们知道自己失败了。一种方法是降低标准。一位母亲形容她的孩子匆忙做的桌子“完美！尽管它并不是站着稳着的。另一种方法是推卸责任。如果约翰理科不及格，他的老师就是不公平或愚蠢的。）故可推知，根据文章，一个人尽管有明显的缺陷，他宁愿赞扬而不愿陈述事实来掩盖他的失败。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t…feels terrible, of course.”（一个没有被邀请参加生日聚会的孩子，一个没有……，当然会感觉很糟糕。）故可猜测，此处make为“达到，成功进入”的意思，结合选项C项achieve“达到，实现”意思一致。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time and that it’s possible to enjoy a game even when we don’t win.”（没有人可以在所有事情上都是最好的，没有人可以一直赢，即使我们没有赢，也可以享受比赛。）故可推知，作者对失败和成功的评价是每个人都会时不时地失败，但他们可能根本不会成功。故选C项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock of the situation courageously, asking, “What have I left? What else can I do?” My friend put away her toe shoes and moved into dance therapy, a field where she’s both able and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there’s less to lose. Often there is recovery of energy—a way to find new possibilities.”（在这种情况下，利用失败的方法是勇敢地评估情况，问自己：“我还剩下什么？”我还能做什么？”我的朋友收起了她的脚趾鞋，开始从事舞蹈治疗，这是一个她既能干又有用的领域。失败让人敢于冒险，因为可以失去的东西更少。通常会有能量的恢复——一种寻找新可能性的方法。）可知，通过芭蕾舞学生的例子，作者告诉我们失败能让人重新思考自己的潜力。故选B项。 C One long gray ship at the Port of Los Angeles is doing its part to combat climate change. On the ship, which belongs to Captura, a Los Angeles-based startup, is a system that takes into seawater and sucks out CO2, which can be used for various purposes or buried. The decarbonated (不含二氧化碳的) seawater is returned to the ocean, where it absorbs more CO2 from the atmosphere, in a small strike against the massive rise of the greenhouse gas. After a yearlong experiment, Captura is planning to open a 1000-ton-per-year facility that will bury the captured CO2 in rock formations under the North Sea. Equatic, another Los Angeles-based startup, is launching an even larger 3650-ton-per-year ocean CO2 capture plant this year in Singapore. Supporters say capturing CO2 from the ocean should be easier and cheaper than a seemingly more direct approach: extracting it directly from the air. Direct air capture, which relies on fans to sweep air past absorbent chemicals, currently costs between $600 to $1000 per ton of CO2 removed, largely because atmospheric CO2 is so thin, making up less than 0.05% of the air. Earth’s oceans, in contrast, hold the gas at a concentration nearly 150 times higher, and absorb roughly 30% of all CO2 emissions each year. Companies say they should ultimately be able to capture CO2 at $100 per ton, or less. Ocean capture advocates are seeking government support. In the US, direct air capture plants earn a $180 tax credit per ton of removed CO2, but Ocean efforts currently don’t qualify. “A similar tax incentive (激励政策) for water-based CO2 removal is absolutely needed,” says Ruben Brands, CEO of Equatic. Even if the technology takes off, it will have to scale up massively to make a meaning contribution in offsetting (抵消) global emissions. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, by 2050 we will need to remove some 5 billion tons of CO2 every year to limit the global temperature increase to 1.5℃. So far, the ocean capture companies are pulling out only thousands of tons. Matthew Eisaman, a chief scientist at Captura, says, “We have an enormous challenge ahead of us.” 8. How does the system in para. 1 work? A. It converts seawater into CO2. B. It releases CO2 into the atmosphere. C. It absorbs seawater and extracts CO2. D. It stores decarbonated seawater on the ship. 9. What makes extracting CO2 from the ocean easier and cheaper? A. CO2 in seawater is more absorbent. B. CO2 is stored in solid form in seawater. C. CO2 in the ocean is more readily accessible. D. CO2 is naturally more concentrated in seawater. 10. What is the Ruben Brands’s attitude toward the new form of capturing technology? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Indifferent. 11. What would be the best title of the passage? A. Combining Ocean CO2 Capture with Air Capture B. Setting a New Example of Climate Change Solution C. Analyzing Ocean CO2 Capture against Climate Change D. Exploring Oceanic Solutions for Reducing CO2 Emissions 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了几家初创企业正在探索利用新技术从海洋中捕获并处理二氧化碳，以减少温室气体排放，对抗气候变化的创新做法。 8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“On the ship, which belongs to Captura, a Los Angeles-based startup, is a system that takes into seawater and sucks out CO2, which can be used for various purposes or buried. The decarbonated (不含二氧化碳的) seawater is returned to the ocean, where it absorbs more CO2 from the atmosphere, in a small strike against the massive rise of the greenhouse gas. (这艘船属于位于洛杉矶的初创公司Captura，船上有一个系统，可以吸收海水并吸收二氧化碳，这些二氧化碳可以用于各种目的或被掩埋。脱碳后的海水被送回海洋，在那里它从大气中吸出更多的二氧化碳，作为对温室气体大规模上升的一次小打击)”可知，这个系统会吸收海水并提取二氧化碳。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Supporters say capturing CO2 from the ocean should be easier and cheaper than a seemingly more direct approach: extracting it directly from the air. Direct air capture, which relies on fans to sweep air past absorbent chemicals, currently costs between $600 to $1000 per ton of CO2 removed, largely because atmospheric CO2 is so thin, making up less than 0.05% of the air. Earth’s oceans, in contrast, hold the gas at a concentration nearly 150 times higher, and absorb roughly 30% of all CO2 emissions each year. (支持者说，从海洋中捕获二氧化碳应该比直接从空气中提取二氧化碳更容易、更便宜。直接空气捕集依靠风扇将空气扫过吸收性化学物质，目前每吨二氧化碳的捕集成本在600到1000美元之间，主要是因为大气中的二氧化碳非常稀薄，占空气的比例不到0.05%。相比之下，地球上的海洋所含的二氧化碳浓度是地球的近150倍，每年吸收大约30%的二氧化碳排放。)”可知，因为二氧化碳在海水中的浓度自然更高，所以从海洋中提取二氧化碳变得更容易、更便宜。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ocean capture advocates are seeking government support. In the US, direct air capture plants earn a $180 tax credit per ton of removed CO2, but Ocean efforts currently don’t qualify. “A similar tax incentive (激励政策) for water-based CO2 removal is absolutely needed,” says Ruben Brands, CEO of Equatic. (海洋捕捞倡导者正在寻求政府的支持。在美国，直接捕集空气的工厂每清除一吨二氧化碳可获得180美元的税收抵免，但海洋项目目前还不符合这一条件。Equatic的首席执行官Ruben Brands表示：“我们绝对需要类似的税收激励措施来促进水基二氧化碳的去除。”)”可知，Ruben Brands认为需要政策来促进水基二氧化碳的去除，所以推知，鲁本品牌对这种新形式的捕捉技术是支持的。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“On the ship, which belongs to Captura, a Los Angeles-based startup, is a system that takes into seawater and sucks out CO2, which can be used for various purposes or buried. The decarbonated (不含二氧化碳的) seawater is returned to the ocean, where it absorbs more CO2 from the atmosphere, in a small strike against the massive rise of the greenhouse gas. (这艘船属于位于洛杉矶的初创公司Captura，船上有一个系统，可以吸收海水并吸出二氧化碳，这些二氧化碳可以用于各种目的或被掩埋。脱碳后的海水被送回海洋，在那里它从大气中吸收更多的二氧化碳，作为对温室气体大规模上升的一次小打击、)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了几家初创企业正在探索利用海洋减少二氧化碳排放的解决方案，因此最适合的标题是D项“Exploring Oceanic Solutions for Reducing CO2 Emissions (探索减少二氧化碳排放的海洋解决方案)”。故选D项。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中两项为多余选项。 Adele’s new album, “30”, is finally available. Last month, hundreds of millions of us streamed its first single, “Easy On Me.” This song arouses feelings not easily put into words, but we can probably agree it is a sad song. ___12___ Yet sad music does pull us in and lift us up. Let’s start with a biological theory. When we experience real-life loss, or empathize (体会) with another’s pain, certain hormones are released within us. ___13___ They do so by making us feel calmed and supported. Feeling Adele’s pain, or recalling our own, may cause such chemical changes within us. Psychologically, a key reason we enjoy sad songs is that they profoundly move us. Feeling moved can come from us suddenly feeling closer to other people. Indeed, when we have listened to “30”, we may turn to reaction videos to see how others feel. ___14___And it boosts our feeling of being moved and triggers feelings of comfort and belonging. ___15___ Adele’s songs allow us to view the pleasure in terms of the meaning she helps us make. Adele takes hard life experiences and makes sense of them. This is what much sad art does. It takes the pain and suffering of the world and gives it meaning. As philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche once put it, someone who has a why to live can bear almost any how. Ultimately, we listen to Adele’s songs when we want to recall, reflect, or belong. They let us feel her sadness, share our suffering, and connect with others. To all of us, Adele’s songs say: ___16___ A. You are not alone in your pain. B. Music speaks louder than words. C. These help us to tackle loss and pain. D. We can also think at the spiritual level. E. Few people are aware sad music makes us feel good. F. This lets us share an emotional experience with others. G. This may make us better prepared for when real loss strikes. 【答案】12. E 13. C 14. F 15. D 16. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从三个角度介绍了悲伤的音乐确实能让我们振作起来的原因。 【12题详解】 根据后文“Yet sad music does pull us in and lift us up.(然而悲伤的音乐确实能让我们振作起来。)”可知，人们没有意识到悲伤的音乐的积极作用。E选项“Few people are aware sad music makes us feel good. (很少有人意识到悲伤的音乐让我们感觉很好。)”符合题意，故选E。 【13题详解】 根据前文“When we experience real-life loss, or empathize with another’s pain, certain hormones are released within us. (当我们经历现实生活中的失落，或同情他人的痛苦时，我们体内会释放某些激素。)”可知，本段介绍的是体内的激素对于我们情感修复的作用。C选项“These help us to tackle loss and pain. (这些帮助我们处理损失和痛苦。)”符合题意，故选C。 【14题详解】 根据前文“Indeed, when we have listened to “30”, we may turn to reaction videos to see how others feel. (事实上，当我们听了《30》，我们可能会转向反应视频，看看其他人是什么感觉。)”和后文“And it boosts our feeling of being moved and triggers feelings of comfort and belonging.(它能激发我们被感动的感觉，激发我们的舒适感和归属感。)”可知，听悲伤的歌曲有助于我们去分享情感。F选项“This lets us share an emotional experience with others. (这让我们与他人分享情感体验。)”符合题意，故选F。 【15题详解】 根据后文“Adele’s songs allow us to view the pleasure in terms of the meaning she helps us make. (阿黛尔的歌曲让我们从她帮助我们创造的意义的角度来看待快乐。)”可知，本段介绍的是悲伤歌曲带给我们精神层面的感悟。D选项“We can also think at the spiritual level. (我们也可以在精神层面上思考。)”符合题意，故选D。 【16题详解】 根据前文“They let us feel her sadness, share our suffering, and connect with others. To all of us, Adele’s songs say: (他们让我们感受她的悲伤，分享我们的痛苦，并与他人联系。对我们所有人来说，阿黛尔的歌中写道：)”可知，本段介绍的是通过听阿黛尔的歌，分享痛苦，悲伤不再是一个人的。A选项“You are not alone in your pain. (你不是一个人在承受痛苦。)”符合题意，故选A。 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。 On the morning of my Ph. D. qualifying exam. I rolled out of bed. showered, and next came the makeup. I brushed on a layer of foundation and drew thick black lines around my eyes — a ____17____ that signified (表达) the courage I wanted to show during my presentation. Then I looked in the mirror. I felt confident — ____18____ to answer questions that would be thrown at me. It's a way I found thanks to an unlikely ____19____: a famous singer. I've always ____20____ with being confident. As an undergraduate, I felt extremely ____21____ whenever I tried to answer questions from professors. Later, in graduate school, I especially ____22____ giving presentations about my research. ____23____, I could find a solution that could build my confidence. The ____24____ came during the month before my qualifying exam when I appreciated the singer's new song. As a fan, I noticed it sounded completely ____25____. She had switched from her usual dance-pop to soft rock and country. I was ______26______ — why was she doing so? She was taking a huge professional ______27______, but she was ______28______in her music and herself. Her confidence got me thinking: Could I do something similar before I stepped on stage? I ______29______ the image I wanted my professional self to possess. I ______30______ myself wearing professional clothing and appropriate makeup. To me, makeup wasn't a mask. It ______31______ courage and confidence. I first experimented with the______32______during a practice presentation at home. It was a great ______33______ . So I decided to give my new self a(n) ______34______ at my qualifying exam. When I walked into the exam room, I was happy to ______35______ I had newfound confidence. Sure, I was still nervous but 1 was able to answer questions without ______36______. 17. A. prayer B. manner C. look D. greeting 18. A. sorry B. ready C. kind D. shy 19. A. inspiration B. meeting C. coincidence D. incident 20. A. connected B. combined C. compared D. struggled 21. A. excited B. nervous C. angry D. delighted 22. A. feared B. practised C. forbade D. admitted 23. A. Legally B. Immediately C. Hopefully D. Unfortunately 24 A. reward B. dilemma C. outcome D. breakthrough 25. A. different B. professional C. famous D. normal 26. A. relieved B. embarrassed C. curious D. cautious 27. A. action B. side C. risk D. seat 28. A. confident B. interested C. honest D. expert 29. A. laughed at B. gave up C. commented on D. thought about 30. A. avoided B. imagined C. resisted D. missed 31. A. consumed B. represented C. covered D. replaced 32. A. principle B. advice C. hobby D. idea 33. A. start B. challenge C. future D. effort 34. A. meaning B. end C. go D. alternative 35. A. wish B. discover C. predict D. promise 36. A. judging B. speaking C. smiling D. trembling 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者从一位歌手处得到启示，试着做出改变，从而建立自信心。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我刷了一层粉底，在我的眼睛周围画了厚厚的黑色线条，这表示我在演讲时要展示的勇气。A. prayer祈祷；B. manner举止C. look表情，外表；D. greeting问候。根据前文“I brushed on a layer of foundation and drew thick black lines around my eyes”作者的行动和后文“that signified (表达) the courage I wanted to show during my presentation”定语从句的修饰可知，这是作者要表达勇气的外表“妆容”。故选C项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得很自信——准备好回答那些可能向我抛出的问题。A. sorry遗憾的；B. ready准备好的；C. kind善良的；D. shy腼腆的。根据前文“I felt confident”可知，作者准备好了。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我找到的一种方式，多亏了一个不太可能的灵感：一位著名的歌手。A. inspiration灵感；B. meeting会议；C. coincidence巧合；D. incident事件。根据前文“It's a way I found”可知，作者通过一个“灵感”地激发才想到的这种方式。故选A项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在为保持自信而奋斗。A. connected连接；B. combined联合；C. compared比较；D. struggled奋斗。根据后文“____7____, I could find a solution that could build my confidence.”可以推知，作者在找到一个能建立我信心的解决方案之前一直在为自信而奋斗。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名本科生，每当我试图回答教授的问题时，我都感到非常紧张。A. excited激动的；B. nervous紧张的；C. angry生气的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“____7____, I could find a solution that could build my confidence.”可以推知，作者在建立自信之前，回答教授问题就感到非常紧张。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，在研究生院，我特别害怕进行关于我研究的报告。A. feared害怕；B. practised练习；C. forbade禁止；D. admitted承认。根据后文“____7____, I could find a solution that could build my confidence.”可以推知，作者在建立自信之前，作者没有自信，害怕就自己的研究进行报告。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：希望我能找到一个能建立我信心的解决方案。A. Legally法律上地；B. Immediately立即；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据语境以及前文“It's a way I found thanks to an unlikely ____3____：a famous singer.”可知，建立自信是作者的希望。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在资格考试前一个月，我欣赏了这位歌手的新歌，取得了突破。A. reward奖励；B. dilemma困境；C. outcome效果；D. breakthrough突破。根据语境以及前文“It's a way I found thanks to an unlikely ____3____: a famous singer.”可知，作者通过一名歌手，取得了突破。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个粉丝，我注意到它听起来完全不同。A. different不同的；B. professional专业的；C. famous著名的；D. normal正常的。根据后文“She had switched from her usual dance-pop to soft rock and country.”可知，这名歌手的演唱前后不同。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很好奇——她为什么这么做？A. relieved感到宽慰的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. curious好奇的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据后文“why was she doing so”可知，作者对歌手的做法不理解，故而好奇。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她冒着巨大的职业风险，但她对自己的音乐和自己充满信心。A. action行动；B. side侧面；C. risk风险；D. seat座位。根据常识以及前文“She had switched from her usual dance-pop to soft rock and country.”可知，一个已经成功的歌手转变风格，观众有可能不接受，所以说是“冒着职业风险”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她冒着巨大的职业风险，但她对自己的音乐和自己充满信心。A. confident自信的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. honest诚实的；D. expert内行的。根据句中转折连词but以及后文“Her confidence got me thinking”可知，这名歌手非常有自信。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想到了我需要的让我的职业自我拥有的形象。A. laughed at嘲笑；B. gave up放弃；C. commented on评论；D. thought about思考。根据前文“Her confidence got me thinking”可知，作者通过思考，想到自己的职业自我应有的形象。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想象自己穿着职业装，化着合适的妆。A. avoided避免；B. imagined想象；C. resisted抵制；D. missed错过。根据前文“Her confidence got me thinking”和“I ____13____ the image I wanted my professional self to possess.”以及后文“wearing professional clothing and appropriate makeup”可知，作者是在想象自己的形象。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它代表着勇气和信心。A. consumed消耗；B. represented代表；C. covered覆盖；D. replaced替换。根据前文“To me, makeup wasn't a mask.”可知，此处指化妆“代表着”勇气和信心。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我第一次尝试这个想法是在家里的一次实践演示中。A. principle原则；B. advice建议；C. hobby爱好；D. idea想法。基于前文的分析可知，作者在思考，在想象自己的职业形象，这是一个想法，此处指，在家里先尝试这个想法。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个很好的开始。A. start开始，开端；B. challenge挑战；C. future未来；D. effort努力。根据前文“I first experimented with the____16____during a practice presentation at home.”和后文“So I decided to give my new self a(n) ____18____ at my qualifying exam.”可知，对于作者来说，这是个好的开始。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定在我的资格考试中试试我的新自我。A. meaning意义；B. end终止；C. go尝试；D. alternative可供选择的事物。根据前文“So I decided”以及后文“When I walked into the exam room, I was happy to ____19____ I had newfound confidence.”可知，作者决定在考试中尝试新的自我（充满自信的自我）。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走进考场时，我高兴地发现我有了新的自信。A. wish希望；B. discover发现；C. predict预测；D. promise承诺。根据前文“So I decided to give my new self a(n) ____18____ at my qualifying exam.”以及本句句意可知，作者决定尝试新的自我，并高兴的发现有了充满自信的新自我。故选B项。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然。我仍然很紧张，但我能毫不颤抖地回答问题。A. judging判断；B. speaking讲话；C. smiling微笑；D. trembling颤抖。根据前文“I was happy to ____19____ I had newfound confidence”可知，作者有了自信，根据常识以及句中“Sure, I was still nervous but”的转折可知，作者虽然紧张但是没有紧张到颤抖。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空（共10题；每小题1. 5分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is a popular Chinese saying — “Guilin’s landscape is the best under heaven”. A city in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, Guilin is one of the most popular tourism ____37____ (icon) in the country. In 2022, it attracted thousands of theater lovers with ____38____ (it) initial Guilin Festival, which took place from Dec 10 to 18. It is the third time that this annual festival ____39____ (hold) during this period. The festival burst into bloom both indoors and outdoors, ____40____ (feature) live performances and screening of theatrical productions from home and abroad. The festival is co-organized by the Central Academy of Drama. ____41____ (grand), the festival will offer a platform, ____42____ the Central Academy of Drama will play a key role, aiming ____43____ (promote) cultural exchange and the development of theater education. “The Guilin Festival was ____44____ unique success, attracting more than 10, 000 attendees from around the country and staging over 128 performances,” says Liu Xinglin, a professor at the Central Academy of Dram a and the artistic ____45____ (direct) of Guilin Festival. “This year, the festival will continue to serve as a platform for global artists to communicate _____46_____ a destination for theater lovers to enjoy a diversity of programs. ” 【答案】37. icons 38. its 39. has been held 40. featuring 41. Grandly 42. where 43. to promote 44. a 45. director 46. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了桂林戏剧节的举办情况，包括时间、地点、活动内容、主办方以及活动的影响和意义等。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：桂林是广西壮族自治区的一座城市，也是国内最受欢迎的旅游标志之一。空处考查名词的复数形式，构成固定搭配：one of+名词的复数，意为“……之一”。故填icons。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：2022年12月10日至18日，桂林首次举办桂林戏剧节，吸引了成千上万的戏剧爱好者空处为形容词性物主代词，修饰空后的名词“festival”。故填its。 【39题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：这是该年度戏剧节第三次在此期间举办。空处为从句谓语动词，本句为固定句型：it is the+序数词+that…，从句的时态为现在完成时；主语为“this annual festival”，单数，和动词“hold”之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been held。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：戏剧节室内外活动丰富多彩，既有现场表演，也有国内外戏剧作品的放映。句子谓语动词是burst，空处用非谓语动词担当状语，主语“the festival”，和动词“feature”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填featuring。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：戏剧节将隆重地搭建一个平台，中央戏剧学院将在此发挥关键作用，旨在促进文化交流，推动戏剧教育的发展。空处考查副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母大写。故填Grandly。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“a platform”，在非限制性定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词“where”引导。故填where。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处考查非谓语动词担当动词“aim”后的宾语，aim to do sth，意为“旨在/目的是……”，所以用动词不定式形式。故填to promote。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中央戏剧学院教授、桂林戏剧节艺术总监刘杏林表示：“桂林戏剧节是独特的成功，吸引了来自全国各地的1万多名观众，上演了128场以上的剧目。”此处的“success”是抽象名词具体化的用法，意为“一件成功的事”，其前用不定冠词修饰，unique是辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。结合空格前的the和空格后的of，可知空处为名词形式，意为“总监”结合句意可知作Liu Xinglin的同位语，用单数形式。故填director。 46题详解】 考查连词。句意：“今年，戏剧节将继续作为全球艺术家交流的平台，成为戏剧爱好者享受多元化节目的目的地。”空处为连词连接“a platform for global artists to communicate”和“a destination for theater lovers to enjoy a diversity of programs”，表并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 II 卷 第三部分 基础知识（共四节，满分40分） 选词填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分 10分） 用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次，每空填入一个单词。 freedom complicated respective superior joint weekly capacity calculate ridiculous whereas Traveling can be a fantastic way for travelers to explore new places and broaden their horizons. Among these travelers, taking trips ____47____ has become increasingly popular. They look forward to weekend trips where they can relax and enrich their lives. However, many find trip planning ____48____ due to the numerous details that need to be considered. From ____49____ the essential budgets to selecting the perfect accommodations and activities, people can feel overwhelmed by the whole process. That's where travel agents prove their worth. These agents have access to a wide range of resources that travelers might not know about, such as special rates at hotels or local unknown ____50____ with delicious food. These can save travelers’ time and money while allowing them to enjoy their trip. The agents offer expertise and convenience, ____51____ there are some concerns. How ____52____ it is when the obligatory (强制性的) shopping is often included in some package deals. Travelers should have the ____53____ to decide whether and where to shop. If encountering this situation, travelers must possess the ____54____ to refuse such practices. Travelers have their ____55____ ideas of the ideal journey, and what matters most is enjoying it. If selecting a travel agent to arrange the trip, please distinguish their persuasive talk and choose the _____56_____ one. 【答案】47. weekly 48. complicated 49. calculating 50. joints 51. whereas 52. ridiculous 53. freedom 54. capacity 55. respective 56. superior 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旅行对于旅行者的意义、旅行计划的复杂性、旅行代理人的作用以及旅行者如何选择旅行代理人等内容，说明了旅行代理人在旅行计划中的价值和重要性，以及如何更好地选择和使用他们的服务。 【47题详解】 考查副词。句意：在这些旅行者中，每周出游变得越来越流行。根据下文“They look forward to weekend trips where they can relax and enrich their lives.”可知，空处指的是“每周”出游；单词“weekly”，副词，意为“每周地”，符合句意。故填weekly。 48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，许多人发现旅行计划相当复杂，因为要考虑众多细节。空处为形容词形式担当宾语补足语；根据空后的“due to the numerous details that need to be considered”可推测，空处指的是“复杂的”。单词“complicated”，形容词，意为“复杂的”，符合句意。故填complicated。 【49题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从计算基本预算到选择理想的住宿和活动，整个过程可能会让人感到不知所措。根据空后的“the essential budgets”可推测，空处指的是“计算”；再根据句子成分可知，空处为非谓语动词担当介词后的宾语，用动名词形式。单词“calculate”，意为“计算”，符合句意。故填calculating。 【50题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：这些代理人能够接触到旅行者可能不了解的广泛资源，比如酒店的特别优惠或当地不为人知但美食众多的餐馆。根据上文的“hotels”可推测，空处为名词的复数形式，意思和“餐馆”意思相似。单词“joint”，名词，意为“公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所）”，符合句意。故填joints。 【51题详解】 考查连词。句意：代理人提供专业知识和便利，但也有一些令人担忧的地方。分析句子成分可知，空处为连词形式；空前“The agents offer expertise and convenience”和空后“there are some concerns”之间存在转折关系。单词“whereas”，连词，意为“然而、但是”，符合句意。故填whereas。 【52题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在一些套餐交易中，强制性购物往往被包含在内，这多么荒谬啊。分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词担当表语；根据下文“when the obligatory (强制性的) shopping is often included in some package deals”可知，这件事很荒谬、荒唐。单词“ridiculous”，形容词，意为“荒谬的”，符合句意。故填ridiculous。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：旅行者应该有权自由决定是否购物以及在哪里购物。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当宾语。根据上文可知，上文提到了强制性购物，作者认为这件事很荒谬。由此可知，作者认为旅行者有购物的自由。单词“freedom”，名词，意为“自由”，符合句意。故填freedom。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果遇到这种情况，旅行者必须具备拒绝这种做法的能力。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当宾语。根据空后的“to refuse such practices”，可知，作者认为旅行者应该具备拒绝强制购物的能力。单词“capacity”，名词，意为“能力”，符合句意。故填capacity。 【55题详解】 考查形容词。句意：旅行者对于理想旅程各有想法，而最重要的是享受旅程。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰空后的名词“ideas”，根据上文内容可知，作者认为每个人对旅程都有各自的想法；单词“respective”，形容词，意为“独自的”，符合句意。故填respective。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果选择旅行代理人来安排行程，请辨别他们的说服性言辞，并选择一个更优秀的代理人。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰空后的“one”。根据上文“distinguish their persuasive talk”可推测，我们可以辨别旅行代理人的言辞，并选择更好的一个。单词“superior”，形容词，意为“更好的”，符合句意。故填superior。 第二节 短语填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整，有两个短语多余。 take over fall away be superior to have an urge to a handful of a flock of turn out 57. She decided that I was the ideal person to ________________ the job. 58. The houses where we lived ________________ as the village suffered from a serious earthquake. 59. Technically this model ________________ its competitors. Therefore, it is well received by customers. 60. She brought ________________ rice out of the bag and showed it to me. 61. The English party which was organized by our class ________________ to be very successful. 【答案】57. take over 58. fell away 59. is superior to 60. a handful of 61. turned out 【解析】 【57题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：她认为我是接任这项工作的理想人选。由句意以及空前的不定式符号to可知应填动词短语take over“接任”，不定式作后置定语，故填take over。 【58题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：村子遭受了严重的地震，我们住的房子都倒塌了。由句意及空后的“as the village suffered from a serious earthquake.”可知应填动词短语fall away“倒塌”，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填fell away。 【59题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：这种型号在技术上优于它的竞争对手。因此深受客户好评。由句意及空后的“its competitors. Therefore, it is well received by customers.”可知应填动词短语be superior to“优越于”，主语为this model，此处为客观陈述，故填is superior to。 【60题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她从袋子里拿出一把米给我看。由句意及空后“rice out of the bag and showed it to me.”可知应填固定短语a handful of“一把”，故填a handful of。 【61题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：我们班组织的英语晚会开得很成功。由句意及空后的“to be very successful.”可知应填动词短语 turn out“证明是；结果是”，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填turned out。 第三节 补全句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据中文提示和所给的英文部分完成下列句子。 62. 很多学生站在体育馆前，等待着贵宾的到来。（完全倒装） ________________,________________the arrival of the honored guests. 【答案】 ①. In front of the stadium stood many students ②. waiting for 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和完全倒装。表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且句子的谓语是表示存在意义的动词(lie、stand 、exist 、live 、sit等)、要用完全倒装。“在……前”用介词短语in front of；“体育馆”翻译为stadium；“站”用动词stand；“许多学生”翻译为many students；陈述过去事情，用一般过去时，所以“很多学生站在体育馆前”用倒装结构为In front of the stadium stood many students；“等待”用短语wait for，与逻辑主语many students之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填①In front of the stadium stood many students；②waiting for。 63. 我们不能获得的东西似乎比我们已拥有的东西要好。（主语从句，宾语从句） ________________ seems better than ________________. 【答案】 ①. What we can’t get ②. what we have had 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知，空一应填“我们得不到的东西”，可用what引导的主语从句表示，表示“得到”可用动词get，“不能”译为can’t，所以①处填What we can’t get，空二应填“我们已拥有的东西”than后是宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“东西”可用what，根据句意表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的结果，用现在完成时时态，“拥有”译为have。所以②处应填what we have had。故填①What we can’t get；②what we have had。 64. 科幻小说被视为一面镜子，通过它，我们可以自由想象我们的未来。（定语从句） Science fiction is ________________, ________________ our future ________________. 【答案】 ①. regarded as a mirror ②. through which ③. can be freely imagined 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。第一空表示“被视为”短语为be regarded as，后跟单数名词mirror表示“镜子”；后跟“介词+关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mirror，表示“通过”用介词through，指物应用which；表示“自由想象”与future构成被动关系，情态动词“可以”can后跟动词原形，应用be freely imagined。故填①regarded as a mirror；②through which；③can be freely imagined。 65. 北京的标志性国家体育馆，也被称为“鸟巢”，能容纳8万人。 The iconic Beijing National Stadium, ________________, ________________. 【答案】 ①. also known as the “Bird Nest” ②. has a capacity of 80,000 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句子陈述事实，时态为一般现在时。第一空中“也”应用副词also；表示“被称为”短语为be known as，此处过去分词短语作后置定语；表示“鸟巢”应用Bird Nest；第二空中表示“容纳8万人”短语为have a capacity of 80,000。故填①also known as the “Bird Nest”；②has a capacity of 80,000。 66. 据报道，灾区目前正在修建许多房屋。 ________________ many houses ________________ in the disaster area. 【答案】 ①. It is reported that ②. are being built at present 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和主语从句。“据报道”用It is reported that...，其中it作形式主语。真正的主语为that从句；“目前”用短语at present，表示正在进行，所以用现在进行时；many houses与build之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填It is reported that；are being built at present。 第四节 作文默写（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 短文填空 This is a poem written by an Iraqi child. ________67________ Iraq is at war. The child's father has gone to the battlefield for their freedom. Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war. To a small child ________68________. They are longing for peace. ________69________. ________70________ how much peace means to a country and its people. Though ________71________ . They have to be separated at the moment, however, they still share sincere hope in their mind. They believe the victory will belong to them. And they are looking forward to the day. 【答案】67. We are shown rather than told that 68. war seems meaningless, but father means much to him and the family 69. The poem touches my heart, which truly brings tears to my eyes 70. One obvious meaning of the description is that 71. the description is simple and to the point, the meaning conveyed in the poem is rich 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一首诗的读后感，简述了这首诗的内容并表达了作者的感受。 【67题详解】 考查时态、语态和宾语从句。句意：我们看到而不是被告知的是伊拉克处于战争状态。结合句意以及上文语境可知，此处指“我们看到而不是被告知的是”，描述客观事实，使用一般现在时的被动语态，为We are shown rather than told，空后是宾语从句，从句结构、意义完整，使用连接词that引导，故填We are shown rather than told that。 【68题详解】 考查动词和形容词。句意：对一个小孩子来说，战争似乎毫无意义，但父亲对他和这个家庭来说意义重大。“战争”使用名词war，作主语，指“似乎”使用动词seem，seem是连系动词，后接形容词meaningless“毫无意义的”作表语，“但是”使用连词but，“父亲”使用名词father，作主语，“对某人来说意义重大”使用动词短语mean much to sb，“他和这个家庭”译为him and the family，此处是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，主语表示单数意义，谓语动词使用单数，故填war seems meaningless, but father means much to him and the family。 【69题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这首诗触动了我的心，真的让我热泪盈眶。“这首诗”表示特指，译为the poem，“触动我的心”使用动词短语touch my heart，表示“真的让我热泪盈眶”译为一个非限制性定语从句，“真的”使用副词truly，“让我热烈盈眶”译为bring tears to my eyes，先行词是poem，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导，句子使用一般现在时，主句主语poem表示单数意义，从句主语which指代poem也表示单数意义，故谓语动词均使用单数，故填The poem touches my heart, which truly brings tears to my eyes。 【70题详解】 考查表语从句连接词。句意：这一描述的一个明显含义是和平对一个国家及其人民意味着多少。表示“这一描述的一个明显含义”译为one obvious meaning of the description，句子使用一般现在时，主语meaning表示单数意义，be动词使用is，空后是表语从句，从句结构、意义完整，使用连接词that引导，故填One obvious meaning of the description is that。 【71题详解】 考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：虽然这首诗的描写简单而切中要害，但所表达的意思却很丰富。表示“描述”使用名词description，作从句主语，表示“简单而切中要害”使用形容词simple和固定短语to the point，表示“意思”使用名词meaning，作主句主语，“表达”使用动词convey，和meaning之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，表示“在这首诗中”使用介词短语in the poem，“丰富的”使用形容词rich，故填the description is simple and to the point, the meaning conveyed in the poem is rich。 第四部分 书面表达（满分30分） 72. 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举行唐诗交流会，你打算分享《悯农·其一》，请写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 介绍诗歌内容及思想感情； 2. 自己的劳动经历和感悟。 注意： 1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear friends, Today I’d like to share with you a Tang poem, “Sympathy for the Peasants (I)”. In this poem, the farmer works under the burning midday sun, with beads of sweat constantly dripping onto the soil. Who knows that every single grain in the plate is the result of such arduous toil? This poem profoundly expresses the poet’s deep sympathy for the farmers and powerfully reminds us to cherish and value food. I once helped in the fields and experienced the hardship of farm work. It made me truly understand the value of labor and the importance of treasuring the fruits of labor. Let’s always keep in mind the painstaking efforts behind our food and resolutely avoid any form of waste. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的发言稿。要求考生用英文介绍《悯农·其一》这首诗的内容和感情，并在校英语俱乐部举办的唐诗交流会上分享。 【详解】1.词汇积累 同情：sympathy→ pity 体验：experience→ taste 重要性：importance→ significance 坚决地：resolutely→ firmly/with firmness 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I once helped in the fields and experienced the hardship of farm work. It made me truly understand the value of labor and the importance of treasuring the fruits of labor. 拓展句：I once helped in the fields and experienced the hardship of farm work, which made me truly understand the value of labor and the importance of treasuring the fruits of labor. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In this poem, the farmer works under the burning midday sun, with beads of sweat constantly dripping onto the soil.（运用了with引导的独立结构） 【高分句型2】Who knows that every single grain in the plate is the result of such arduous toil?（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$