2025年中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件：专题五介词

专题五　介词 中考考点梳理 考点分类突破 考点 1 时间介词 以下是初中阶段需要掌握的时间介词。 介词 用法 示例 at 用在某个时刻或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。 at noon在正午 on 用在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间前。 on a cold day 在寒冷的一天 in 表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后)。 in three days三天后 介词 用法 示例 after 后跟具体时刻，表示“在……时刻之后”，常用于将来时；后跟时间段，多用于过去时。 after 6：00六点之后 for 后跟一段时间，表示“(延续)……之久”。 for two years 两年了 since 后加时间点或过去时的句子，表示“自从(过去某时)以来”。 since 2021 自2021年以来 before 表示“在……之前”。 before dinner 晚饭前 by 表示“到……为止”。 by six o’clock 到6点为止 (1)方位介词in、on与to的区别 　　包含在整体内部的用介词in，接壤用介词on，相邻用介词to。如图所示： B is in the east of A. C is on the east of A. D is to the east of C.　 (2)“上下”介词on、above、over、below、under的区别 ①on意为“在……上面”，表示两者接触。 ②above意为“在……的上方”，表示两者不接触，其反义词为below(在……的下方)。 ③over意为“在……正上方”，表示两者不接触，其反义词为under(在……正下方)。 考点 2 方位介词 考点 3 方式介词 介词 用法 by by+表示交通工具的名词 “by+动词-ing形式”表示“通过……方式” in in+语言类名词或工具的具体类型 on on TV/the radio表示“通过电视/收音机” with 表示“用”某种工具、身体的某一部位或器官 考点 4 介词的常见固定搭配 (1)介词+名词 介词 短语 at at home在家；at night在晚上；at sea在海上；at the same time同时；at school在上学；at the beginning of在……的开端；at the end of在……的尽头 by by hand手工，亲手交付；by the way顺便说一下；by accident/chance偶然；by bike骑自行车；by mistake错误地 in in a hurry匆忙，急忙；in a low voice小声地；in fact事实上；in a word总而言之；in life一生中；in(the)front of在……前面；in public当众；in the end最后；in time及时；in trouble处于困境；in a row连续几次地；in common共有；in order to为了；in silence沉默地；in surprise吃惊地；in the future在将来；in person亲自 介词 短语 on on business出差；on duty值日；on foot步行；on one’s way to在某人去……的路上；on show展出；on the left/right在左/右边；on time准时；on the top of在……的顶部；on earth究竟 out out of breath上气不接下气；out of work失业 其他 as a result因此；for example例如；to one’s surprise令某人吃惊的是；with a smile带着微笑；without breakfast没吃早餐 (2)be+形容词或分词+介词 be afraid of害怕…… be angry with sb.生某人的气 be bad for对……有害处 be born in出生于…… be busy with忙于…… be different from与……不同 be famous for因……而出名 be filled with充满…… be full of充满…… be good at擅长…… be harmful to对……有害 be interested in对……感兴趣 be late for迟到 be pleased with sb.对某人感到满意 be proud of为……骄傲；感到自豪 be ready for为……做好准备 be satisfied with sth.对某事感到满意 be serious about对……认真 be short of短缺 be sorry for为……感到惭愧/难过 be sure of/about确信；对……有把握 be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 be strict in sth.对某事要求严格 be surprised at对……感到惊奇、诧异 be thankful to对……感激 be tired of对……感到厌烦 be used to习惯于…… be worried about为……担心 be covered with被……覆盖 be friendly to对……友好 (3)动词+介词 ask for请求　　　　　 　get to到达 get on/off上/下车 fall off从……落下 pay for付钱 point at指向 talk about谈论 wait for等候 write to给……写信 worry about担心 fall behind落在……后面 Ⅰ.单项选择 1.—I’m thirsty.I’d like a glass of orange juice.What about you，Betty？ —I prefer a cup of tea　 　nothing in it.  A.to B.for C.with 2.—The new Chengdu-Kunming Railway was opened to traffic in December，2022. —Yes，it’s very convenient now.It takes us about three hours　 　Chengdu to Xichang on a high-speed train.  A.between B.from C.in 3.The earthquake in Türkiye(土耳其) happened　 　February 6，2023.  A.on B.in C.at 4.Many thanks　 　your gift.I love it.  A.in B.of C.for C　 A　 B　 专项能力检测 C　 5.Deng Qingming，an astronaut of Shenzhou-15，achieved his dream　 　many years’ hard work.  A.without B.through C.about 6.Please bring Ms.Steen to the welcome party　 　telling her so that she can be surprised.  A.about B.from C.without 7.The toy is　 　my little brother.I bought it yesterday.  A.for B.from C.by 8.Do whatever you can for the community，　 　 looking after the old or teaching kids art.  A.with B.under C.like C　 A　 C　 B　 9.—Congratulations！Can you share your secret to learning？ —If you work hard enough，you will succeed　 　achieving your goal.  A.on B.about C.in 10.It is impolite to speak loudly 　 　.  A.in danger B.in public C.in person 11.Bill is　 　all the other runners.It seems that he will be the winner.  A.next to B.far from C.ahead of 12.Poems influence people a lot.　 　，the poems of Bai Juyi are still meaningful today.  A.In the end B.From now on C.For example C　 C　 B　 C　 13.—Ms.Huang，what would you like　 　your afternoon tea？  —Just a cup of coffee　 　any sugar or milk.  A.for；without B.to；without C.for；with 14.—I’m going to Disneyland　 　two weeks.  —Wow，sounds like fun！ A.to B.in C.at 15.Mingming will have a class meeting　 　3：30 this afternoon.  A.on B.in C.at 16.—How do you relax in your free time？ —　 　doing sports and listening to music.  A.By B.On C.In A　 C　 B　 A　 A　 17.Place names often have interesting connections　 　the local landscape and people.  A.in B.to C.at 18.Cathy always makes good use of her time to study，even　 　her lunch break.  A.around B.during C.from 19.In summer evenings，many people enjoy taking walks 　 　the river.  A.on B.along C.in 20.(2024·福建)—May I take your order，Mr.Chen？ —I’d like a cup of coffee and a cake　 　.  A.by mistake B.at times C.as usual C　 B　 B　 B　 21.(2024·黑龙江龙东地区)Hainan is famous　 　its beautiful beaches.Many tourists visit it every year.  A.for B.to C.as 22.(2024·福建)A special festival was held　 　September 23rd last year to honor the hard work of Chinese farmers.  A.in B.for C.on 23.(2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)—It’s time to graduate.We should say “Thanks” to our teachers. —I think so.We have made great progress　 　the teachers’ help.  A.with B.through C.under 24.(2024·四川成都)China Daily named“Growth”　 　its “Word of the Year 2023”.  A.as B.after C.for A　 A　 C　 A　 Ⅱ.根据句意和所给汉语完成句子。每空一词 1.She won many competitions，　 　(包括) four gold medals in the Olympics.  2.I’m crazy about the folk stories　 　(像) Yu Gong Moves the Mountains and Hou Yi Shoots the Suns.  3.When the little boy saw his mother，he ran　 　(朝向) her with joy.  4.It is our duty to protect the forest　 　(对抗) fires.  5.Tom made lots of friends　 　(在……期间) his life as a student.  6.　 　(没有) doubt，the Chinese are the ones who best understand the beauty of Beijing Opera.  7.There was a playground　 　(在……的后面) the classroom building in my school ten years ago.  behind　 Without　 during　 against　 towards　 like　 including　 8.I usually go to bed at half　 　(过) ten.  9.The little boy was excited while flying　 　(在……之上) the clouds for the first time.  10.　 　(在……中) the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature，my favorite is Journey to the West.  11.Everyone is here　 　(除了) Jane，because she has gone to Yunnan.  except　 Among　 above　 past　 $$