内容正文:
专题四 冠词
中考考点梳理
考点分类突破
考点 1 不定冠词
不定冠词用来表示“一”的意思,一般用于单数名词前。其常见用法如下:
(1)用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前。
I saw a boy over there.
我看见那边有一个男孩。
(2)用来指一类人或事物中的任何一个。
I want to buy an English book.
我想买一本英语书。
(3)表示数量,相当于one。
I have a mouth,a nose and two eyes.
我有一张嘴、一个鼻子和两只眼睛。
(4)指某人或某物,但不具体指明哪个人或物。
A man is waiting for you at the gate.
有位男士正在门口等你。
(5)表示类别,泛指某一类人或物。
A horse is bigger than a rabbit.马比兔子大。
(6)表示“每一”的意思,相当于every。
once a week一周一次
200 kilometers an hour每小时200千米
a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,判断的依据是发音而不是字母。有些单词,如useful、university、European等,虽然是以元音字母开头,但发音却是以辅音音素开头,所以前面要用a;有些单词,如hour、honest等,虽然是以辅音字母开头,但发音却是以元音音素开头,所以前面要用an。
考点 2 定冠词
定冠词表示特指,指特定的人或事物,常用于普通名词前。其常见用法如下:
(1)用在说话双方都清楚的名词前。
(2)用在再次被提到的人或事物的名词前。
(3)和一些名词连用,表示类别。
(4)用在被形容词、介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前。
(5)用在形容词的最高级或序数词前。
(6)用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
(7)用在乐器类名词前。
(8)用在姓氏的复数前,表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。
(9)用在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等地理名词前。
(10)与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。
(11)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
(12)用在表示方向、方位的名词前。
(13)用在“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构中,表示“越……越……”。
(14)用在某些固定短语中。
定冠词the的用法
特指、重提、双方都知道,
最高级、海洋、世上独一无二,
岛屿、海峡和海湾,
沙漠、河流与群山,
形容词前表“一类”,
顺序、乐器与方位,
姓氏复数莫忘记,
固定短语记心里。
考点 3 零冠词
某些名词前不需要用冠词,这种情况称为零冠词。不用冠词的常见情况有:
(1)在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏等名词前。
(2)在某些固定短语中。
(3)在与by连用的交通工具名称前。
(4)在人名、地名、街道名、城市名、洲、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前。
(5)在季节、月份、星期前。
(6)名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时。
(7)不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时。
(8)在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。
(9)在公共节假日、节日名称前。
零冠词的用法
下列情况应免冠,
球类学科和三餐,
专有名词不可数,
星期月份季节前,
复数名词表泛指,
代词限定名词前,
交通手段和节日,
习俗称谓和头衔。
有定冠词与无定冠词的区别:
1.Chinese tea culture started about 5,000 years ago.Nowadays drinking tea has become daily habit in China.
A.a B.an C.the
2.Hangzhou held 19th Asian Games in 2023.
A.a B.an C.the
3.The 31st Summer World University Games is big event for Chengdu.
A.a B.an C.the
4.My mother is making apple pie and I want to try piece.
A.a;an B.a;/ C.an;a
C
C
A
C
单项选择
A
专项能力检测
5.China is country with a history of more than 5,000 years.
A.the B.a C.an
6.The C919 is large plane made by China.
A.a B.an C.the
7.There are 60 minutes in hour.
A.a B.an C.the
8.—Hi,Lily,have you ever heard that Zibo, city in center of Shandong Province,is known for its barbecue?
—Sure.I expect to visit it and have a taste of the special food.
A.a;a B.a;the C.the;the
B
B
B
A
B
9.Yangzhou is city full of history,culture and mouth-watering food.
A.a;/ B.a;a C.the;the
10.—What do you think of the guidebook Lonely Planet?
—Oh,it is really useful one.You can always find information you need while traveling.
A.a;a B.an;an C.a;the
11.My brother often plays football with his classmates after school.
A.a B.an C./
12.After school,I bought present for my mother.
A./;a B.a;/ C.a;the
A
A
C
C
C
A
A
13.I just bought a new shirt. shirt was pretty expensive.
A.A B.An C.The
14.—What’s the most important tradition in a Chinese family?
—We must care for old.
A.an B.the C./
15.Me and My Winter Games is interesting film.It’s a gift for Beijing Olympic Winter Games.
A.a B.an C.the
16.(2024·四川达州)Mike is honest boy.We all trust him.
A.a B.an C.the
B
B
B
C
17.(2024·黑龙江龙东地区)—Shenzhou-18 with three astronauts was sent up on April 25th,2024.It’s such exciting event.
—Yes.And the astronauts are our heroes.I want to be useful person like them.
A.a;an B.an;a C.a;the
18.(2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)It’s reported that it’ll be rainy today.Remember to take____ umbrella with you,Cindy.
A.a B.an C.the
19.(2024·山东菏泽)—What interesting book!
—Yes, book is really amazing.
A.a;an B.an;the C.an;a
B
B
B
B
B
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