2025年中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件：专题七 形容词

专题七　形容词 中考考点梳理 考点分类突破 考点 1 形容词的句法功能 (1)形容词的用法及位置 ①作定语 　　作名词的定语时，一般置于名词前；作复合不定代词的定语时，位于复合不定代词之后。 He is a tall man.他是一名高个子男士。 There’s nothing new in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么新鲜事。 ②作表语 放在系动词之后，构成系表结构。 The food smells nice.这种食物闻起来不错。 ③作宾语补足语 在keep、make、leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语。 We should keep our classroom clean. 我们应该使我们的教室保持整洁。 The mother makes her baby happy. 这位妈妈让她的宝宝很开心。 (2)常见名词变形容词的方法 名词 构成方法 含义 例词 表示天气的名词 词尾加-y 多……的 cloud—cloudy wind—windy 表示方位的名词 词尾加 -ern ……方位的； 朝……方的 west—western east—eastern 表示时间和称谓的名词 词尾加-ly 每……的； ……般的 week—weekly friend—friendly 表示物质的名词 词尾加-en ……制成的 wood—wooden gold—golden 表示抽象意义的 名词 词尾加-ful；词尾加-less ……的； 无……的 care—careful hope—hopeless ①少数形容词，如little(小的)、live(活的)、elder(年长的)等只能作定语，不能作表语。 That little boy is my brother. 那个小男孩是我弟弟。 My elder brother is 12 years old. 我哥哥12岁。 ②有些形容词在句中只能作表语，不能作定语，如afraid(害怕的)、alive(活着的)、awake(醒着的)、alone(独自；单独)、asleep(睡着的)、well(健康的)、sorry(难过的)、ill(生病的)等。 The old man is alone at home. 那位老人独自在家里。 My mother is ill.I have to look after her. 我妈妈生病了。我必须照顾她。 考点 2 形容词的比较级、最高级变化规则 (1)规则变化 类别 词尾情况 构成 例词 单音节词及少数双音节词　 一般情况 词尾加-er或-est tall—taller—tallest 以不发音的e结尾 词尾加-r或-st nice—nicer—nicest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 先把y变为i，再加-er或-est heavy—heavier— heaviest 重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est big—bigger—biggest hot—hotter—hottest 类别 词尾情况 构成 例词 多音节 词和部 分双音 节词　   在词前加more或most important—more important—most important 形容词比较等级的变化 比较等级有规律，一般词尾-er(-est)加上去。 若遇“哑e”结尾词，直接加-r(-st)就可以。 一辅重读闭音节，末尾辅音字母需双写。 “辅音字母+y”词尾现，i需把y来替换。 部分双、多音节词，前面加more(most)记心里。 最高级前面要加the，这点千万别忘记。 (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 考点 3 形容词比较等级的用法 等级 用法及含义 原级 as+原级+as　和……一样 not+as/so+原级+as　不如…… less+原级+than　不如…… 比较级 比较级+than　一者比另一者…… the+比较级，the+比较级　越……越…… 比较级+and+比较级　越来越…… the+比较级+of the two... 两者中较为……的一个 比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数/ 比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数 比其他任何一个都…… 等级 用法及含义 最高级 the+形容词最高级+名词+in/of短语 ……中最……的一个 疑问词+be+the+最高级 ……是最……的 the+序数词+最高级　第几最…… one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数　最……之一 　　表倍数，如“一半/两倍/三倍……”用half/twice/three times as...as...结构。 This apple is twice as big as that one. 这个苹果是那个苹果的两倍大。 ①修饰比较级的词有much、even、far、a lot、a little、a bit、a little bit等，表示“……很多；甚至……；……一点”等，表程度。 The elephant is a lot bigger than the mouse. 大象比老鼠大很多。 It’s a little longer than the Changjiang River. 它比长江稍长一点。 ②形容词的比较级有时可以和最高级进行转化。 　　“比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数/the other+可数名词复数”可以转化为最高级。 Wang Wei is taller than any other student in his class.=Wang Wei is taller than the other students in his class.=Wang Wei is the tallest student in his class.王伟是他班里最高的学生。 考点 4 -ing形容词和-ed形容词的用法 (1)-ing形容词表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰事物。 (2)-ed形容词表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人，常用于“sb.+be动词+-ed形容词+介词”结构中。 -ing形容词 -ed形容词 surprising令人惊讶的 surprised惊讶的 interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的 exciting令人兴奋的 excited兴奋的 boring令人厌倦的 bored厌倦的 pleasing令人愉悦的 pleased满意的；愉快的 frightening引起恐惧的 frightened害怕的 moving令人感动的 moved感动的 tiring令人疲倦的 tired疲倦的 fascinating迷人的 fascinated入迷的 Ⅰ.单项选择 1.—Camping trips in spring have become very　 　in southern China.  —Exactly.That’s because these areas have warmer weather and an earlier flowering season. A.hot B.safe C.cheap 2.—How amazing ChatGPT is！ —Yes.The new invention makes it quite　 　for people to write papers and stories.  A.late B.simple C.natural 3.—To tell the truth，I am now feeling very　 　.  —Take it easy.You’ll make it. A.peaceful B.nervous C.confident B　 B　 专项能力检测 A　 5.—Mary is　 　about what she eats.She never has junk food.  —A good habit. A.careful B.angry C.nervous 6.Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much 　 　.  A.good B.well C.better 7.—The food in the restaurant is great，isn’t it？ —Yes，it’s fine.I just don’t like the environment.The music is too 　 　.  A.talented B.useful C.noisy C　 C　 4.—Be 　 　，please！Your sister is reading a book.  —All right！I will. A.happy B.crazy C.quiet A　 C　 8.China is one of　 　countries in the world.We are all proud of it.  A.the oldest B.the older C.oldest 9.Mind health is as　 　as body health.  A.important B.more important C.the most important 10.I opened the door and all my friends shouted，“Happy birthday！” I had no idea they were coming.I was so 　 　.  A.interested B.surprised C.surprising 11.—It’s a long way from our school to the museum！ —You mean it’s　 　to take a taxi？  A.popular B.necessary C.important B　 B　 A　 A　 12.The grapes are very　 　and they also taste good.  A.easy B.lazy C.fresh 13.—I like your teapot.It has a very funny but interesting shape. —Thank you.It’s a work of art，but it is also　 　for tea making.  A.natural B.practical C.general 14.—Last month，thirteen Chinese scientists successfully reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma which is　 　mountain in the world.  —Wow！It’s really fantastic.I am so proud of them. A.the highest B.higher C.highest 15.Remember this，kids.The harder you work，the　 　you will be.  A.worse B.luckier C.easier B　 A　 B　 C　 16.As far as we know，China is　 　the Great Wall.  A.famous for B.popular with C.regarded as 17.Cindy felt　 　in her new school，so she joined some clubs to make new friends.  A.lonely B.sleepy C.cold 18.—Jim and I share　 　tastes and hobbies.  —No wonder you take part in lots of meaningful social activities together. A.separate B.weak C.similar 19.—Uncle Wang，could you tell me the secret of your good health？ —In my view，　 　vegetables and　 　meat.  A.less；less B.more；more C.more；less C　 C　 C　 A　 A　 20.Hurry up，Su Mei！The graduation ceremony begins in a second.We have　 　time left.  A.a little B.a few C.little 21.We are　 　that the Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world.  A.friendly B.brave C.proud 22.The earlier we take action to protect our environment，the　 　it will be for our future.  A.better B.best C.worse 23.With the development of 5G technology，our daily life has become　 　.  A.more and more convenient B.convenienter and convenienter C.the more convenient A　 A　 C　 C　 25.(2024·广西)Put on more clothes.It is　 　outside in winter.  A.hot B.cold C.warm 26.(2024·黑龙江龙东地区)Li Lei is the　 　of the three boys.He always helps us.  A.friendly B.more friendly C.most friendly 27.(2024·山东菏泽)—Hi，Claire，are you free next week？ —Hmm...sorry，next week is quite　 　for me，Jack.  A.full B.fine C.easy A　 C　 24.(2024·福建)David is really　 　after the 1，000-meter race，so he has to take a rest.  A.worried B.bored C.tired B　 C　 28.(2024·四川乐山)—Hi，you look　 　.Why are you so happy today？  —Can you believe it？I have just met Miss Zhou，my first teacher！ A.excited B.exciting C.excite 29.(2024·四川乐山)—Dear，put the knives out of the kids’ touch！ —OK.I’ll do it right away.It’s quite necessary to keep　 　.  A.quiet B.warm C.safe 30.(2024·四川达州)The　 　you are，the　 　mistakes you’ll make.  A.more careful；more B.less careful；fewer C.more careful；fewer C　 C　 C　 A　 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式或汉语提示完成句子。每空—词 1.Peter is　 　(young) than his sister May.  2.As far as we know，the Sahara is the　 　(big) desert in the world.  3.It is reported that a blind man has made a living by repairing　 　(break) bikes for 30 years.  4.Most people like to wear red on important days because red is a　 　(luck) color.  5.Life in a spaceship is hard，so an astronaut must have a　 　(health) body and mind.  6.It is very　 　(use) to be able to speak a foreign language.  7.The new flight from Dazhou to Kunming makes it more　 　(便利的) for us to travel.  convenient　 useful　 healthy　 lucky　 broken　 biggest　 younger　 8.—Dad，could I go swimming if I’m　 　(空闲的) tomorrow？  —OK.Be careful！Safety must come first. 9.Clear waters and　 　(绿色的) mountains are as important as gold and silver.  10.I’m proud of being Chinese because China is one of the　 　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  11.She’s not a　 　(严格的) mother with rules for every little thing.  12.She was very　 　(骄傲的) to be chosen as a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games.  13.You’ve told me the truth.Thank you for being so　 　(诚实的) with me.  14.Tom is much　 　(忙的) than usual because the final exam is coming.  15.Hanfu，a kind of ancient Chinese clothes，is getting more and more_________　 　(受欢迎的) among Chinese young people now.  popular　 busier　 honest/truthful　 proud　 strict　 greatest　 green　 free/available　 $$