Unit 2 知识总结讲义＋练习 2024-2025学年人教版（2024）七年级英语上册

七上Unit 2 We’re Family! Unit 2 We’re Family 重点讲练 知识精讲-基础篇 Part 1- Words 单词 初中词汇梳理 名词:1. 丈夫 2. 球棒;球拍 3. 成员;会员 4. 活动 5. 国际象棋 6. 祖父(母);外祖父(母) 7. 小提琴 8. 帽子 9. 膝;膝盖 10. (外)孙子;(外)孙女 11. 儿子 动词:1. 意思是;打算 2. 花(时间、钱等) 副词:1. 在一起;共同 2. 非常;确实;真正地 形容词:1. 好笑的;奇怪的 2. 不同的 3. 英俊的 兼类词:1. (v)笑;发笑(n)笑声 2. (v/n)远足;徒步旅行 小学词汇清单 七上Unit 2 We’re Family! 1. 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 2. _ conj. 或者;也不(用于否定句) 3. _ n. 母亲 4. _n.(pl._) 儿童;小孩 5. _ n. 姐;妹 6. _ n. 兄;弟 7. _ n. 堂兄(弟、姊、妹);表兄(弟、娣、妹) 8. _ n.姑(姨、伯、叔)母 9. _ n. 奶奶;外婆 10. _ v. 来;来到 11. _ n. 乒乓球运动 12. _ pron. 谁的 13. _ interj. 嗯;好吧 adv. 好;令人满意地 adj. 健康的 14. _ n. 爷爷;外公 15. _ adj. 每一;每个 pron. 有些;有的 16. _ n. 一天;白天 17. _ n. 周 18. _ v. 钓鱼 n.鱼;鱼肉 19. _ n. 父亲;爸爸 20. _ n. 钢琴 21. _ n. 篮球 22. _ v. 读;阅读 23. _v.做园艺工作;种植花木 n.园圃;庭院 24. _ n. 教室 25. _ pron. 他(她、它)们的 26. _ adj. 干净的 v. 使干净;打扫 27. _ adj. 小的;年幼的 28. _n.球 29. _n.游乐场;操场 30. _ v 穿;戴 31. _ v. & n. 说话;交谈 32. _ adj. 高的 33. _ adj. 短的;矮的 34. _n.头发 35. _ adj. 长的 36. _ adj. 安静的 37. _ n. 女孩 38. _ conj. 但是 39. _ adj. & pron. 任何(的);任一(的) 40. _ n. 照片 41. _adj.&n.粉红色(的) 42. _ n.左边 adv.向左边 43. _ n. 边 adv. 向右边 44. _ adv. 总是 45. _ n. 故事 46. _ n. 夜晚 47. _ n.中间 adj. 中间的 48. _ v. 思考 49. _ n. 足球 50. _ adj. 快乐的 51. _ n. 眼睛 52. _ adj. 聪明的 53. _ adj. &pron.下一个 54. _ pron.(he的宾格)他 55. _ v. & n. 帮助 初中重点词汇用法 mean /mi n / v. 意思是;打算 The green light means we can cross the road. 绿灯意味着我们可以过马路。 【拓展】mean to do sth. 打算做某事 husband /'h zb nd/ n. 丈夫 This is a photo of my husband and me. 这是我丈夫和我的照片。 【拓展】相关词:wife 妻子 bat /b t/ n. 球棒;球拍 The bat is for baseball. 这个球棒是用来打棒球的。 【拓展】bat n. 蝙蝠 ping-pong bat 乒乓球拍 These ping-pong bats are nice. 这些乒乓球拍很漂亮。 play ping-pong打乒乓球 Do you often play ping-pong together? 你们经常一起打乒乓球吗? every day 每天 We ride bikes to school every day. 我们每天骑自行车去上学。 【拓展】everyday adj. 每天的;日常的;everyday life 日常生活 together /t ' e (r)/ adv. 在一起;共同 Let’s play together. 我们一起玩吧。 fishing rod /r d/ 钓竿 Teng Fei’s father has a fishing rod. 腾飞的爸爸有一个钓竿。 spend /spend/ v. 花(时间、钱等) He spends a lot of /lots of time fishing. 他花很多时间 钓鱼。 【拓展】spend time / money on sth. 在某事上花费 时间/ 金钱;spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事。 a lot of/lots of 大量;许多 I have a lot of/lots of things to do today. 我今天有许多事情要做。 really /'ri li/ adv. 非常;确实;真正地 She can play the piano really well.她弹钢琴弹得很好。 【拓展】not really 不完全是;不见得 member /'memb (r)/ n. 成员;会员 There are eight members in this group. 这个小组有八个成员。 activity / k't v ti/ n. 活动 They all like sports activities. 他们都喜欢体育活动。 【拓展】复数activities chess /t es/ n. 国际象棋 The boy always plays chess with his mother. 这个男孩总是和他妈妈一起下国际象棋。 【拓展】play chess 下国际象棋 Chinese chess 中国象棋 I like playing Chinese chess. 我喜欢下中国象棋。 grandparent /' r npe r nt/ n. 祖父(母);外祖父(母) Our grandparents love us very much.我们的爷爷奶奶非常爱我们。 【拓展】复数grandparents funny /'f ni/ adj. 好笑的;奇怪的 He is really funny. 他真的很有趣。 laugh /l f/ v. 笑;发笑n. 笑声 He often makes us laugh. 他经常逗我们笑。 【拓展】laugh at 嘲笑 different /'d fr nt/ adj. 不同的 The two kinds of fruits are different. 这两种水果不一样。【拓展】① difference n. 不同 ② be different from 和……不同③反义词same 相同的 violin /'va 'l n/ n. 小提琴 She can play the violin well. 她小提琴拉得很好。 【拓展】① play the violin 拉小 提琴② violinist n. 小提琴演奏者 have fun 玩得高兴 We have a lot of fun together. 我们在一起玩得很开心。 hat /h t/ n. 帽子 That’s my uncle’s hat. 那是我叔叔的帽子。 handsome /'h ns m/ adj. 英俊的 He’s handsome and funny. 他英俊又有趣。 knee /ni / n. 膝;膝盖 My knee hurts. 我的膝盖疼。 at night 在夜晚 My mother always reads us a story at night. 我妈妈晚上总是读个故事给我们听。 in the middle 中间;中部 My teacher is in the middle. 我的老师在中间。 grandchild /' r nt a ld/ n.(pl. grandchildren /' r n't ldr n/)(外)孙子;(外)孙女 Grandpa loves his grandchild. 爷爷爱他的孙子。 son /s n/ n. 儿子 She loves her son. 她爱她的儿子。【拓展】相关词daughter n. 女儿 next to 紧邻;在……近旁 The girl sits next to the box. 那个女孩紧邻箱子坐着。 hike /ha k/ v. & n. 远足;徒步旅行 Let’s go for a hike this weekend. 这周末我们去远足吧。 go hiking远足;徒步旅行 She likes to go hiking. 她喜欢去远足。 词汇拓展及变形 1. mean 意思是;打算(v.) (n.)意义;意思 2. real 真正的;确实的(adj.) (adv.)非常;确实;真正地 3. have 具有;持有(v.) (第三人称单数形式) 4. fun 乐趣;娱乐(n.) (adj.)好笑的;奇怪的 5. hike 远足;徒步旅行(v.) (n.)远足;徒步旅行 6. grandchild (外)孙子;(外)孙女(n.) (复数) 【练一练】根据所给的词或首字母提示填空 1.My aunt and her h got married last year. 2.On his ninety-ninth birthday, he gets a big cake from his g . 3.The young men in the photo are my uncles, my grandfather’s two s . 4.My cat enjoys lying on my k on sunny afternoons. 5.People need to be patient when practising tai chi or playing Chinese c . 6.The trip includes all kinds of a , like going boating and having a picnic. 7. (do) Mr. Han have a meeting every Monday? 8.The old man has three (grandchild). 9.My (grandpa) eating habit is very healthy. 10.I like (play) basketball. My father likes it too. 11.Linda always tells jokes, and she often makes us (laugh). 12.Lisa spends an hour (take) a walk with her grandparents at weekends. Part 2- Conversations&Passages 对话&课文 Reading Plus原文 翻译 重难点解析 Unit 2 教材原文 精准译文 Family Ties① in Names Hello! My name is Alan, and I’m from the UK. Here most people have a first, middle, and last name. My full name is Alan Luke Wood. Alan is my first name, Luke is my middle name, and Wood is my last name. We also call the last name a “family name” or “surname②”. My grandfather also has three names. His full name is George Charles Wood. My father’s name is the same as my grandfather's. Can you guess why? It shows great respect③ to my grandfather. People call my father George Charles Wood Junior④, and they call my grandfather George Charles Wood Senior⑤.句式1 My mother’s name was Linda Grant, but now her name is Linda Wood. Why is that? Because in the UK, a woman often changes her family name to her husband’s family name. Sometimes, however, the woman’s last name and the man’s last name are joined together.句式2 This allows both family names to live on. Names show family ties. What do you think? ①Read the text and circle the correct words to complete the sentences. 1. Luke is Alan’s middle name/family name. 2. In the UK, most/all people have three names. 3. Alan’s father’s last name is Junior/Wood. 4. Alan’s mother’s family name is now Grant/Wood. 5. In the UK, women often/never change their family names when they marry. ②Discuss the questions. 1. In English names, which is the surname, the first or the last name? How about Chinese names? 2. How do Chinese parents come up with names for their children? 3. What is the meaning of your name? 名字里的家族关系 你好!我的名字是艾伦,我来自英国。这里大多数人都有名字、中间名和姓氏。我的全名是艾伦 卢克 伍德。艾伦是我的名字,卢克是我的中间名,伍德是我的姓氏。我们也把姓叫做“family name”或“surname”。 我的祖父也有三个名字。他的全名是乔治 查尔斯 伍德。我父亲的名字和我祖父的一样。你能猜出为什么吗?这表达了对我祖父的极大尊敬。人们称呼我的父亲为小乔治 查尔斯 伍德,而称呼我祖父为老乔治 查尔斯 伍德。 我母亲的名字曾经是琳达 格兰特,但现在她的名字是琳达 伍德。这是为什么呢?因为在英国,女性经常会将她们的姓氏改为丈夫的姓氏。但有时候,女性的姓氏和男性的姓氏会结合在一起。这样可以让两个姓氏都得以延续。 名字展示了家族关系。你怎么看呢? ①阅读文本并圈出正确的词语来完成句子。 1. 卢克是艾伦的中间名/姓氏。 2. 在英国,大多数/所有的人都有三个名字。 3. 艾伦父亲的姓氏是小/伍德。 4. 艾伦母亲现在的姓氏是格兰特/伍德。 5. 在英国,女性经常/从不在结婚时更改她们的姓氏。 ②讨论这些问题。 1. 在英文名字中,“the first name”和“the last name”哪一个表示姓氏?中文名字呢? 2. 中国父母是如何给他们的孩子起名字的? 3. 你的名字有什么含义? 词汇: ①tie/ta / n.联系;关系;纽带(常用复数形式) ②surname/'s ne m/ n.姓 ③respect/r 'spekt/ n.[U]尊敬,敬意 [拓展] show respect to sb.表示对某人的尊敬 ④Junior/'d u ni / adj.(置于同名父子中儿子的姓名之后)小的;年少的 ⑤Senior/'si ni / adj.(置于同名父子中父亲的姓名之后)大的﹐年长的 句式: 1.People call my father George Charles Wood Junior, and they call my grandfather George Charles 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 Wood Senior. 【解读】本句为并列句,结构为“分句1+and+分句2”。每个分句均为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。 2.Sometimes, however, the woman’s last name and the man’s last name are joined together. 【解读】本句为被动语态结构,谓语是"are joined together";副词however表转折。 教材问题答案: ①1. middle name 2. most 3. Wood 4. Wood 5. often ②1. the last name; the first name 2. Parents in China may think over many factors when naming their children, such as family traditions, nice meanings, great characteristics(特质)and so on. 3. My name is Li Ming. It means bright and wise. (答案不唯一,仅供参考) Part 3- Phrases短语 单词表后短语 1. 乒乓球拍 2. 打乒乓球 3. 每天 4. 鱼竿 5. 大量,许多 6. 中国象棋 7. 玩得高兴 8. 在夜晚 9. 在中间 10. 去远足 11. 紧邻,在...近旁 课文短语 1. 对某人而言意味着... 2. 家庭成员 3. 进来 4. 花时间做某事 5. 宠物狗 6. 植物和花卉 7. 读书很多 8. 打篮球 9. 喜欢园艺 10. 热爱动物 11. 每周 12. 艾拉和艾玛的教室 13. 弟弟们的球 14. 使我们发笑 15. 留着长长的棕色头发 16. 拉小提琴 17. 打网球 18. 我们的一张照片 19. 戴着粉色帽子的那个 20. 在左边 21. 在他的膝盖上/跪着 22. 在右边 23. 给我读一个故事 24. 跟某人说某事 25. 家庭照片 26. 彼此相爱并互相帮助 27. 家谱 28. 有点安静 短语 例句 1.love sport热爱运动 Do you love sport?你热爱运动吗? 2.spend time doing sth.花时间做某事 You have to spend time doing exercise.你必须花时间锻炼。 3.play the piano弹钢琴 Can you play the piano?你会弹钢琴吗? 4.read a lot读了很多书 You must have read a lot.你一定读了很多书。 5.play the erhu really well二胡拉得很好 I play the erhu really well.我二胡拉得很好。 6.like gardening喜欢园艺 Tom's parents like gardening.汤姆的父母喜欢园艺。 7.wear caps戴帽子 The boy sometimes wears caps.这个男孩有时候戴帽子。 8.make sb.laugh使某人发笑 I'll make you laugh.我会让你大笑。 9.long brown hair棕色长发 She has long brown hair.她有一头棕色长发。 10.play tennis打网球 I play tennis every morning.我每天早上打网球。 11.a photo of一张 的照片 I'll take a photo of you.我来拍一张你的照片。 12.on the left/right在左/右边 The bus station is on the left.公共汽车站在左边。 13.read me a story给我读一个故事 Will you read me a story, Alice?爱丽丝,给我读个故事好吗? 14.say sth. to sb.跟某人说某事 What did he say to you?他对你说了些什么? 15.my family photo我的全家福 Look, this is my family photo.看,这是我的全家福。 16.help each other互相帮助 We must all help each other.我们都必须互相帮助。 Part 4- Sentences句型 课文句子梳理 1.Hi, Peter! Come in.嗨,彼得!请进。 2.Thanks. Oh, these ping-pong bats are nice.谢谢。哦,这些乒乓球拍真漂亮。 3.Whose are they?它们是谁的? 4.Well, this is my ping-pong bat, and the black one is my grandpa's.嗯,这是我的乒乓球拍,黑色的是我爷爷的。 5.Do you often play ping-pong together?你们经常在一起打乒乓球吗? 6.Yes, we play every week.是的,我们每周都打。 7.My grandpa loves sport.我爷爷热爱运动。 8.Whose fishing rods are those?那些钓竿是谁的? 9.They're my father's.它们是我爸爸的。 10.He spends a lot of time fishing.他花很多时间钓鱼。 11.Hey, do you play the piano?嘿,你会弹钢琴吗? 12.No, it's my mother's piano.不,它是我妈妈的钢琴。 13.She can play it really well!她弹得很好! 14.Hi, I'm Lily from Ireland.嗨,我是来自爱尔兰的莉莉。 15.I love my big family.我爱我的大家庭。 16.Here's a photo of us.这是我们的一张照片。 17.I'm the one with the pink hat.我是戴粉色帽子的那个。 18.This is my dad, Fred, on the left.左边这位是我爸爸弗雷德。 19.He's very handsome.他很英俊。 20.He often plays tennis with me.他经常和我一起打网球。 21.My little brother, Sam, is on his knee.我的弟弟萨姆在他的膝盖上。 22.Sam is seven and he really likes chess.萨姆七岁,他非常喜欢国际象棋。 23.My mum, Jane, is on the right.我妈妈简在右边。 24.She's beautiful and kind.她既漂亮又善良。 25.She always reads me a story at night.她总是在晚上给我读一个故事。 26.My grandparents, Jack and Sarah, are in the middle.我的祖父母杰克和萨拉在中间。 27.They're my dad's parents.他们是我爸爸的父母。 28.They have a dog.他们养了一条狗。 29.His name is Oscar.他的名字叫奥斯卡。 30.My grandparents have three grandchildren: Sam, my cousin Lucy, and me.我的祖父母有三个孙辈:萨姆、我的表妹露西和我。 31.They often say I'm their favourite grandchild, but I think they say the same thing to all of us! 他们经常说我是他们最喜欢的孙辈,但我想他们对我们所有人都说同样的话! 课文句子重难用法讲解 1. What does family mean to you? 家庭对你来说意味着什么? 【用法详解】mean作动词的用法: 意味着 mean sth. 意味着…… mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 Those clouds mean rain. This new order will mean working overtime. 意思是 What does ... mean? = What’s the meaning of ...? n.意思;含义 ……的意思是什么? What does this word mean? =What’s the meaning of this word? 打算;意欲 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 We mean to visit you tomorrow. 【拓展延伸】mean作形容词的用法: mean 不善良的;刻薄的 吝啬的 Don’t be so mean to her. 别对她这么刻薄。 He is always mean with money. 他在花钱方面一向很吝啬。 【即学即用】 ( )1.I didn’t mean _ you. A. hurt B. to hurt C. hurting D. hurted 2. What is your family like? 你的家庭是什么样的? 【用法详解】“What + be + sth./sb. like?”意为“某物是什么样的?/某人是什么样的人?”,该句型多用来询问某物的特征或某人的性格、品质等。其中,like作介词,意为“像”。 Eg.—What’s your school like? 你的学校是什么样的? —It’s large and beautiful. 它又大又漂亮。 【拓展延伸】“What + be + sb. like?”还可用来询问人的相貌,同义表达为“What does sb. look like?”。 Eg.—What is your maths teacher like? 你的数学老师长什么样? —He is tall and thin. 他又高又瘦。 【即学即用】 ( )1.Many people think Wei Fang _ her mother. A. be like B. look like C. is like D. like ( )2.—What’s your classroom _? —It’s really small. A. like B. look like C. likes D. be like ( )3.—What does your mother _? —She is tall and thin. A. looks like B. like C. look like D. be like 3. He spends a lot of/lots of time fishing. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 【用法详解】知识点1: spend动词,意为“花(时间、钱等)”,过去式为spent。主语通常是人,常用于以下结构:sb. spend + time/money + on sth. 某人花费多少时间/金钱在某物上 sb. spend + time/money +(in)_doing_ sth. 某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事 重点: Eg.We should spend more time on our study. 我们应该花费更多的时间在我们的学习上。 Simon spends 2 hours playing the piano every day. 西蒙每天花两个小时弹钢琴。 【拓展延伸】重点:表示“花费”的其他常见词 单词 用法 结构 pay 花钱,主语是人 sb. pay (some monry) for sth. 某人花多少钱买某物 cost 花钱,主语是物 sth. cost (sb.) some money 某物花了某人多少钱 take 花时间,it作形式主语 It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It took me 20 minutes to get to school. 我花了20分钟到达学校。 We paid 150 yuan for the meal. 这顿饭我们花了150元。 The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan. 这个书包花了我50元。 知识点2: a lot of/lots of意为“大量;许多”,常用于 肯定 句中,既可修饰可数名词复数(相当于 many ),又可修饰不可数名词(相当于 much )。 Eg.There are lots of books in her home. 她家里有很多书。(修饰可数名词复数) We have lots of milk in the fridge. 我们冰箱里有很多牛奶。(修饰不可数名词) 【即学即用】 ( )1.—Do you often read books? —Yes. I _ most of my time on it. It’s a good way to relax myself. A.cost B.spend C.pay D.take ( )2.She spends half an hour _ the piano every day. A. to play B. playing C. play D. played ( )3.Every day I eat _ fruit and vegetables. They are healthy food. A. a lot B.much C. many D. lots of ( )4.It takes him two hours _ his work. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished ( )5.The orange are $12 and the apples $18. So you need to _ $30 for them. A.take B.spend C.pay D.cost ( )6.He gets up early, so he can have _ time for breakfast. A.many B.a lot C.lots of D.lot of 7. My grandpa spends a lot of time _ (play) chess every day. 8. It takes Amy about 40 minutes _ (do) her homework every day. 9.There are quite a lot of _ (sheep) on the farm. 4. They like wearing caps. 它们喜欢戴帽子。 【用法详解】重点:like作动词,意为“喜欢”,其第三人称单数形式为 likes ,反义词为 dislike “不喜欢”。Tip: like作介词,意为“像,相似,类似”。固定短语:be like 像…… look like 看起来像…… like like sb./sth. 喜欢某人/某物 like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事 Eg.I like this nice gift very much. 我非常喜欢这件精致的礼物。 Chinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo. 中国人喜欢画竹子。 【即学即用】 ( )1.Bob _ basketball and he looks _ his fathers. A.likes; like B.like; likes C.likes; likes D.like; like ( )2.—_ do your parents _ on weekends? —They both like go hiking. A.How; look like B.What; like C.What; look like D.How; like ( )3.—What _ your daughter like? —She’s very pretty _ a film(电影)star. A.is; likes B.does; likes C.is; like D.does; like 4.—Would you like _ _ (play) football with us? —Certainly. I like _ _ (play) football very much. 5. He is really funny, and he often makes us laugh. 他非常有趣,经常逗我们大笑。 【用法详解】重点: make sb./sth. do sth. 让某人/某物做某事,其中make为使役动词,意为“让;使”。 Eg.The movie makes me cry. 这部电影使我落泪。 【即学即用】 ( )1.People plant trees in March every year to make our earth _ more beautiful. A.to be B. being C.become D. becomes ( )2.—Do you like your Chinese teacher? —No, she always makes us _ a lot of homework. A.to do B.do C.does D.doing 3.My mother makes me _ (clean) my bedroom every day. 6. I’m the one with the pink hat. 我是那个戴粉色帽子的人。 【易混辨析】知识点1: 指示代词:one与it one 指代前面提到的同类事物中的一个,但并非同一事物,即“ 同类异物 ”。如果指代同类事物中的一些,用ones it 指代前面提到的同一事物,即“ 同类同物 ” 【选词填空】 —Your pen is nice. Where did you buy _? I want to buy _ like yours. 你的钢笔不错。你在哪儿买的?我想买一支跟你一样的。 —There are many similar _ in Uncle’s Store. Uncle’s Store里有很多类似的钢笔。 知识点2: 重点:with的用法 有;具有;带有 She is tall with long curly brown hair. 她个子很高,留着长长的棕色卷发。 Please give me the book with a yellow cover. 请把那本黄色封面的书给我吧。 We all like that house with a small garden. 我们都喜欢那座带有一个小花园的房子。 和……在一起 Do you live with your parents? 你和父母住在一起吗? 使用 What will you buy with the money? 你会用这笔钱买什么? 知识点3: hat与cap辨析 hat 通常指有檐的帽子,如太阳帽、高顶礼帽、圆形礼帽等 cap 指无檐或仅有帽舌的帽子,如棒球帽、鸭舌帽、运动帽等 【即学即用】 ( )1.She is good-looking _ long hair, she is _ red dress. A.has; has B.with; on C.having; wear D.with; wearing ( )2.—Excuse me, I want some books, but I can’t find a bookshop here. —I know _ on my way home. Come with me, please. A.one B. this C. it D. that ( )3.The old man lives _ a house _ a garden. A.in; and B.on; with C.in; with D.with; in 7. go hiking 远足;徒步旅行 【用法详解】“go +动词-ing”意为“去做某事”,表示从事某项活动或运动。类似的短语还有:_go swimming_去游泳 go climbing去爬山 _go fishing_去钓鱼 _go shopping_去购物 _go boating_去划船 go skating去滑冰 【即学即用】 ( )1.—Peter, let’s go _! I need to buy a lot of things. —Well, I want a toy car. Please add it _ the shopping list(清单). A. shopping; with B.shop; with C.shopping; to D.shop; to 知识精讲-语音篇 (一)元音音素/ :/ / / / / / / 1./ :/ / / / / / /的发音要领 (1)/ :/ 为长元音,发音时嘴巴半张,双唇略扁平,向嘴角两边略拉开,舍身平放,舌中部伸向硬腭,但不要接触到硬腭,舌部肌肉紧张,声带振动。 (2)/ / 为短元音,发音时短促有力。发音要领是:嘴巴微张,舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起,双唇扁平,口腔自然放松。 注意:有些单词在弱读时元音会弱化读作/ /,如“a”“an”“and”“as”“at”“from”“the”“them”“to”等,口语中常常读成/ /音,且一带而过。 (3)/ / 为短元音,发此音时短促有力,注意嘴巴半张,舌中部抬起,舌尖抵住下齿,口形扁平。 (4)/ / 为长元音,发音时要拖长一些。注意上下齿全部张开,嘴巴放松张大为圆形,舌身后缩,舌后部稍抬高,振动声带,推出气流,由喉部发类似“啊”的音。 2.发音为/ :/ / / / / / /的字母或字母组合 / :/ er her person certain term ear early earth learn ur hurt nurse turn or word world work ir shirt bird skirt / / o today carrot police a China ago panda about i family holiday u upon autumn support e open them er teacher over after driver or doctor actor visitor ar sugar similar / / u us under duck but o mother come love ou cousin young oo blood / / a after father ask plant ar art arm card guitar ear heart au aunt laugh 语音知识 (二)单词重音(1) 英语单词由单音节词、双音节词和多音节词之分。含有一个响亮音素的声音片断叫作一个音节。英语里的元音都是响亮的音素。由一个音节构成的词叫单音节词。由两个或两个以上音节构成的词称为双音节词或多音节词。对于双音节词或多音节词,有的音节须读得重些,叫作重读音节;有的音节要读得轻些,叫作非重读音节。重读音节用重读符号“ ”标出。 (1) 单音节词不需要标重读符号,如:cat/k t/、dad/d d/、desk/desk/。 (2) 双音节词的重音一般落在第一个音节上,如:jacket/ d k t/、carrot/ k r t/、sweater/ swet (r)/。 (3) 少数双音节词的重音落在第二个音节上,如:about/ ba t/、mistake/m ste k/。 知识精讲-语法篇 (一)名词所有格 1.Teng Fei’s grandfather loves sport. 滕飞的爷爷喜欢运动。 2.This is Ella and Emma’s classroom. 这是埃拉和埃玛的教室。 3.These are my little brothers’ balls. 这些是我弟弟们的球。 语法示例 语法概述 表示名词之间的所有或所属关系,译为“……的” 考向1:“名词+’s”所有格 “名词+’s”所有格主要用于表示 有生命 事物的名词的所属关系。 1.单数名词后加“ ’s ”(以-s结尾的人名后加“’”或“’s”均可); My sister’s book 我姐姐的书 Jame’/James’s bike 詹姆斯的自行车 2.以-s结尾的复数名词只加“ ’ ”,不以-s结尾的复数名词通常加“ ’s ”; the three girls’ father 这三个女孩的父亲 the three children’s father 这三个孩子的父亲 3.表示几个人共有,仅在最后一个人的名字后加“ ’s ”;表示各自分别拥有时,应在各个名字后加“ ’s ”; Li Hua and Teng Fei’s car李华和滕飞的汽车(他们共有的汽车) 注意名词要用 单数 (单数/复数)形式 Li Hua’s and Teng Fei’s cars李华和滕飞的汽车(他们各自的汽车) 注意名词要用复数(单/复数)形式 4.’s所有格后的名词为住所、商店或办公场所等时,该名词通常可省略。 —Where are you going? 你要去哪里? —To Tom’s. 去汤姆家。 She is now at the doctor’s. 她现在在诊所。 【发音小助手】 名词后加’s构成所有格形式的发音规则: 在清辅音后读/s/,如Mike’s/ma ks/basketball、your group’s/gru:ps/idea; 在浊辅音和元音后读/z/,如her dad’s/d dz/glasses、Lily’s/ l liz/family; 在/s/、/z/、/ /、/t /、/d /等后读/ z/,如Alice’s/ l s z/vlog、George’s/ d :d z/father。 考向2:of所有格 1.of所有格多用于表示 无生命 事物的名词的所有关系。 a map of China 一幅中国地图 2.of所有格也可以用于表示人和其他有生命事物的名词的所有关系。 What’s the name of her cat? 她的猫叫什么名字? The life of people is becoming better and better. 人们的生活正在变得越来越好。 3.’s所有格和of所有格有时候可以互相转换。一般来说,’s所有格都可以转换成of所有格,但并非所有的of所有格都可以转换成’s所有格。 the girl’s new dress = the new dress of the girl 这个女孩的新连衣裙 【拓展延伸】双重所有格 双重所有格是指既含有’s所有格,又含有of所有格的结构。双重所有格可用来表示整体中的一部分,也可用来表示某种感情色彩。 an old friend of my father’s 我爸爸的一位老朋友(表示我爸爸众多朋友中的“一个”) this lovely son of your sister’s 你姐姐的这个可爱的儿子(表示赞美) 【即学即用】 ( )1.—Is _ mother an English teacher? —Yes, she is. A. Bob and Alice B. Bob and Alice's C. Bob's and Alice's D. Bob's and Alice ( )2.In China, we celebrate _ Day on June lst, _ Day on September 10th. A.Children's; Teacher's B.Children; Teachers C.Children's; Teachers' D.Children's; Teachers ( )3.Mr. Li is a teacher of _. She and her classmates like him very much. A.my sister's B.my sister C.my sisters D.my sisters' ( )4.Thanks _ the photo _ your family. A.for; to B.of; in C.for; of D.of; for 5.A pen of _ (my sister) is on the table. 6.—Who's the woman talking to Mr Lin? —She's _ (Mary and Joe) aunt. (二)含实义动词的一般现在时 1.I have a brother and a sister. 我有一个哥哥和一个妹妹。 2.He often plays tennis with me. 他经常和我一起打网球。 3.They have a dog. 他们养了一只狗。 语法示例 语法概述 一般现在时可以表示现在的状态,还可以表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作,也可以表示主语具备的性格和能力等。本单元主要讲解实义动词在一般现在时中的基本用法。 考向:含实义动词的一般现在时的句式结构 句式 构成形式 例句 肯定句 主语+动词第三人称单数形式/动词原形+其他. He plays basketball every day. 否定句 主语+ _don’t_/_doesn’t_+动词原形+其他. They don’t like to go shopping. 一般疑问句及其简略回答 _Do_/_Does_+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:_Yes_, 主语+_do_/_does_. 否定回答:_No_, 主语+_don’t_/_doesn’t_. —Does his father wear glasses? —Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. 1.一般现在时的时间标志词: always,sometimes,often,usually,every day/ week/ Sunday, never等。 2.动词原形变为动词第三人称单数变化规则: 动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则与可数名词单数变复数的规则大致一致。 当主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it)或者名词单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 温馨提示:have的第三人称单数为_has_ 规 则 例 词 一般在动词词尾加_-s_ play _plays_ like _likes_ read _reads_ come _comes 以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾的动词加_-es_ go _goes_ do _does_ watch watches brush brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变_y_为_i_,再加_-es_ fly _flies_ cry _cries_ study studies carry _carries_ 【特别提醒】 (1)肯定句主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词的词尾要加-s(-es); He/She likes orange. 他/她喜欢橙子。 (2)在否定句和疑问句中,do(does)后面的动词要用原形; He/She doesn’t like oranges. 他/她不喜欢橙子。 (3)简略回答的主语和助动词跟随问句,用什么问,就用什么答(问句中主语为you时,回答用I/we)。 —Does he likes oranges? 他喜欢橙子吗? —Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. 是的,他喜欢。/不,他不喜欢。 【即学即用】 一、用have, has, do, does, don’t,或doesn’t填空 1.I _ a book and he _ a pen. 2.They _ a TV. They _ have a radio. 3.She _ a CD player. It’s on the desk. 4.I _ have a computer, but Tom _ one. 5.—Does he a clock? —No, he _. 6.—Do you a schoolbag? —Yes, I _. 7.—Does Cindy _ a ruler? —Yes, she _. 二、句型转换 1.I have a red notebook.(改为一般疑问句) _ you _ a red notebook? 2.He has a basketball.(改为否定句) He _ _ a basketball. 3.Does he have a ping-pong ball?(做否定回答) No,_ _. 4.My teacher plays tennis well.(改为一般疑问句) _ your teacher _ tennis well? 5.Nancy doesn’t like apples.(改为肯定句) Nancy _ apples. 语法小测 一、单项选择 ( )1.—Where's my computer game? —It's in your _ room. A.grandparent B.grandparents C.grandparent's D.grandparents' ( )2.—Look! A set of keys _ on the floor. Whose is it? —It is my _. A.are; brother B.has; brothers C.is; brother's D.are; brothers' ( )3.I guess _ bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color. A.Lucy's and Lily's B.Lucy and Lily's C.Lucy and Lily D.Lucy's and Lily ( )4.Zhao Lin _ to Beijing by train often. He usually goes by plane. A.isn't going B.doesn't go C.not go D.don't go ( )5.—_ Ed Smith play sports after school? —No, he doesn't. He only _ them on TV. A.Is; watches B.Does; watches C.Do; watch D.Does; watch ( )6.—_ that new car over there? —I think it's _. A.Who's, Charis B.Whose, Charis' C.Whose, Charis's D.Who's, Charis' ( )7.The _ meeting begins at two o'clock in the afternoon. After that, parents _ two of our lessons. A.parents; listen B.parents'; listen C.parents'; watch D.parents; look ( )8.—Many people _ to Wuhan to have fun on weekends. —Yeah! We must work hard to make our city better. A.come B.comes C.coming D.is coming ( )9.Jim with his friends _ to school on foot every day. A.goes B.go C.are going D.going ( )10.It's _ study. The twins do homework or read together after school every day. A.Mike and Jack B.Mike's and Jack C.Mike and Jack's D.Mike's and Jack's ( )11.—Does he have a baseball? —_ And he has a baseball bat. A. Yes, he does. B. Yes, he do. C. No, he doesn't. D. No, he does. ( )12.—Does Jim have a TV at home? —Yes, he often _ football games on TV. A.watch B.watches C.to watch D.watching ( )13.—_ your brother Jim _ a pen? —No, he doesn't .But Jack _ one. A.Does; has, have B.Does; have; has C.Do; has; has D.Do, have; have ( )14.Jane sometimes _ around the city with her parents on weekends. A.travel B.travels C.traveled D.will travel ( )15.We usually have a seven _ holiday every National Day. A.days B.day' C.day's D.days' 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.My father always _ (come) back from work very late. 2.I’ll give my English teacher a card for _ (teacher) Day. 3.A friend of _ (your brother) comes to see him. 4.I like reading books and _ (play) soccer after school. 5.Lucy _ (like) Friday very much because there is a music lesson on that day. 6.My father usually _ (go) out for a walk after supper. 7.How many dancing _ (class) do you have every week? 8.His _ (grandparent) often take care of him when his parents are busy. 9.Sun Hai and Sun Yang _ (have) eight lessons this term. 10.Tom often _ (hear) the girl sing in the music room. Her voice sounds beautiful. 分层提分-基础&拔高练习 基础练习 一、选出四个选项中划线字母与其他三个选项读音不同的选项 ( )1. A. sun B. run C. bus D. ruler ( )2. A. star B. warm C. farm D. park ( )3. A. much B. us C. excuse D. cup ( )4. A. work B. world C. doctor D. word ( )5. A. want B. fat C. wash D. what ( )6. A. her B. term C. person D. after ( )7. A. duck B. but C. jump D. support ( )8. A. mother B. come C. love D. today ( )9. A. China B. after C. father D. ask ( )10. A. art B. arm C. sugar D. guitar 二、根据单词划线部分的读音,将单词归类 much them dark hurt her turn summer doctor duck watch heart sister family under teacher bird panda laugh 1. / :/_ 2. / /_ 3. / :/_ 4. / /_ 3、 语法填空 Mr. Li comes from Zibo. He is 1 English teacher in a middle school. His wife (妻子), Mrs. Wang, 2 (teach) math in a primary school. They have three children—two girls, Lisa and Sally, and a boy, Peter. Peter has a very 3 (interest) job. He is a police artist (艺术家). Mr. Li is 45 years old. He is not thin 4 fat. He is of medium build (中等身材). After school, he enjoys cooking for his family. He is good at 5 (make) noodles and dumplings. Mrs. Wang likes 6 (run). She has a healthy eating habit. She eats fruit every day. She likes 7 (strawberry) best. Last Sunday was Peter’s 20th birthday. All members in the family had a birthday party for him. Lisa and Sally made a birthday cake for him. Mrs. Wang 8 (buy) her son a new football, because he is 9 (interest) in playing it. Mr. Li made a bowl 10 beef noodles for Peter. Peter had a happy birthday with his family. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.My grandpa spends a lot of time (play) chess every day. 2.Nick sometimes has a lot of (tomato) in summer. 3.Suzy likes sports very much and she can play tennis very (good). 4.The birthday party is (real) good, and we had lots of fun at the party. 5.Do you like (speak) English with me this afternoon? 6.Do they have great fun (fly) kites in the beautiful park? 7.Many (people) come to the island because of its beautiful beach. 8.Here (be) two nice photos of my family. 9.Betty (have) a busy weekend. She did lots of work at home! 10.Mr. Wang often makes me (laugh) in the class. 五、从下面方框中选出10个单词,并将其正确形式填写在相应位置,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。 ask be but I teacher friend she that they three we you Hello, I am a little pig. My name's Peppa. Many people know my name because they can see1._. on TV. This is my room. Here are some nice photos on the wall. Look at the first one.2. _ are my parents Dad Pig and Mum Pig and that is my little brother George. I read books every day and he always 3. _ me for help. My 4. _ and I are in the next photo.5. _ names are Danny Dog and Suzy Sheep. The two hats in my hands(手) are ours. On the desk 6. _ a radio and a clock. I lost the radio 7. _George helped me find it in the classroom. In the bookcase are some books and 8. _ tapes. The tapes are my English 9. _ . She is Linda. We like10. _very much. And she always helps us with English. 拔高练习 一、完形填空 Hi, I'm Tom Green. Here is a photo of my family. The girl in a red skirt is my sister. 1 name is Alice Green. She is in Groton School. The girl in a blue jacket is my 2 . She is my aunt's daughter. She is in my school. She 3 a pencil box in the school library. Is it yours? You can call her at 654-5748. 4 is the boy(男孩) in a brown jacket? Aha, it's me, I like 5 . My schoolbag, pencil box, and 6 pencils are all brown.But I lost my schoolbag this morning.I must find 7 .My pencil box, an English book, a 8 and a computer game are in it.My three brown pencils are in the pencil box.On the dictionary, you can see my 9 name—Tom. The computer game is not 10 . It's my good friend Jack's. If you find my schoolbag, please call me. My phone number is 548-2456. ( )1. A. My B. His C. Her D. Its ( )2. A. sister B. cousin C. aunt D. mother ( )3. A. found B. lost C. had D. bought ( )4. A. How B. What C. Who D. Where ( )5. A. brown B. green C. red D. yellow ( )6. A. one B. two C. three D. four ( )7. A. it B. them C. her D. you ( )8. A. ID card B. football C. pen D. dictionary ( )9. A. last B. first C. second D. family ( )10. A. his B. yours C. mine D. hers 二、阅读理解 A Hello, everyone. My name’s John. Here is the picture of my family tree. Let’s have a look. 1._ may be (可能是) Gina. A. B. C. D. 2.Bill is Eric’s _. A.father B.uncle C.cousin D.grandpa 3.Which of the following words can be put in (能被放在) the ? A.parent B.cousin C.sister D.aunt 4.Frank has _ sons. A.two B.three C.four D.five 5.Which of the following is TRUE? A.Mary is Anna’s aunt. B.Kate is Jane’s mother. C.Paul is Eric’s uncle. D.Peter is Eric’s cousin. B I am Grace. Here is my family. My mother, Jessica, is a doctor. She is 38 years old. She is kind and beautiful. She likes going hiking. Here is my father, Scott Black. He is 40 years old. He is handsome and funny. He likes playing basketball. He plays it every week. My brother, Tony Black. He is 9 years old. He has short hair and big eyes. He is a student. He likes reading. This is me. I am Grace Black. I am 12 years old. I’m tall and I’m always happy. I have a pet cat. Its name is Mimi. It is very clever. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1.Where does Grace’s mother work? A. B. C. D. 2.What does Scott Black like? A.Going hiking. B.Playing basketball. C.Reading. D.Animals. 3.Who is Tony Black? A.Grace’s friend. B.Grace’s father. C.Grace’s cousin. D.Grace’s brother. 4.From the passage we know _. A.Jessica is Tony’s teacher B.Tony is 40 years old C.Jessica is Grace’s mother D.Scott is Tony’s uncle 5.The main idea (主旨大意) of this passage is about _. A.Grace’s parents B.Grace’s school C.Grace’s family D.Grace’s day 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$七上Unit 2 We’re Family! Unit 2 We’re Family 重点讲练 知识精讲-基础篇 Part 1- Words 单词 · 初中词汇梳理 名词：1. husband 丈夫 2. bat 球棒；球拍 3. member 成员；会员 4. activity 活动 5. chess 国际象棋 6. grandparent 祖父（母）；外祖父（母） 7. violin 小提琴 8. hat 帽子 9. knee 膝；膝盖 10. grandchild （外）孙子；（外）孙女 11. son 儿子 动词：1. mean 意思是；打算 2. spend 花（时间、钱等） 副词：1. together 在一起；共同 2. really 非常；确实；真正地 形容词：1. funny 好笑的；奇怪的 2. different 不同的 3. handsome 英俊的 兼类词：1. laugh （v）笑；发笑（n）笑声 2. hike （v/n）远足；徒步旅行 · 小学词汇清单 七上Unit 2 We’re Family! 1. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. _____________ conj. 或者；也不（用于否定句） 3. _____________ n. 母亲 4. _____________n.(pl.___________) 儿童；小孩 5. _____________ n. 姐；妹 6. _____________ n. 兄；弟 7. _____________ n. 堂兄（弟、姊、妹）；表兄（弟、娣、妹） 8. _____________ n.姑(姨、伯、叔)母 9. _____________ n. 奶奶；外婆 10. _____________ v. 来；来到 11. _____________ n. 乒乓球运动 12. _____________ pron. 谁的 13. _____________ interj. 嗯；好吧 adv. 好；令人满意地 adj. 健康的 14. _____________ n. 爷爷；外公 15. _____________ adj. 每一；每个 pron. 有些；有的 16. _____________ n. 一天；白天 17. _____________ n. 周 18. _____________ v. 钓鱼 n.鱼；鱼肉 19. _____________ n. 父亲；爸爸 20. _____________ n. 钢琴 21. _____________ n. 篮球 22. _____________ v. 读；阅读 23. _____________v.做园艺工作；种植花木 n.园圃；庭院 24. _____________ n. 教室 25. _____________ pron. 他（她、它）们的 26. _____________ adj. 干净的 v. 使干净；打扫 27. _____________ adj. 小的；年幼的 28. _____________n.球 29. _____________n.游乐场；操场 30. _____________ v 穿；戴 31. _____________ v. & n. 说话；交谈 32. _____________ adj. 高的 33. _____________ adj. 短的；矮的 34. _____________n.头发 35. _____________ adj. 长的 36. _____________ adj. 安静的 37. _____________ n. 女孩 38. _____________ conj. 但是 39. _____________ adj. & pron. 任何（的）；任一（的） 40. _____________ n. 照片 41. _____________adj.&n.粉红色（的） 42. _____________ n.左边 adv.向左边 43. _____________ n. 边 adv. 向右边 44. _____________ adv. 总是 45. _____________ n. 故事 46. _____________ n. 夜晚 47. _____________ n.中间 adj. 中间的 48. _____________ v. 思考 49. _____________ n. 足球 50. _____________ adj. 快乐的 51. _____________ n. 眼睛 52. _____________ adj. 聪明的 53. _____________ adj. &pron.下一个 54. _____________ pron.（he的宾格）他 55. _____________ v. & n. 帮助 · 初中重点词汇用法 mean /miːn / v. 意思是；打算 The green light means we can cross the road. 绿灯意味着我们可以过马路。 【拓展】mean to do sth. 打算做某事 husband /'hʌzbənd/ n. 丈夫 This is a photo of my husband and me. 这是我丈夫和我的照片。 【拓展】相关词：wife 妻子 bat /bæt/ n. 球棒；球拍 The bat is for baseball. 这个球棒是用来打棒球的。 【拓展】bat n. 蝙蝠 ping-pong bat 乒乓球拍 These ping-pong bats are nice. 这些乒乓球拍很漂亮。 play ping-pong打乒乓球 Do you often play ping-pong together? 你们经常一起打乒乓球吗？ every day 每天 We ride bikes to school every day. 我们每天骑自行车去上学。 【拓展】everyday adj. 每天的；日常的；everyday life 日常生活 together /tə'ɡeðə(r)/ adv. 在一起；共同 Let’s play together. 我们一起玩吧。 fishing rod /rɒd/ 钓竿 Teng Fei’s father has a fishing rod. 腾飞的爸爸有一个钓竿。 spend /spend/ v. 花（时间、钱等） He spends a lot of /lots of time fishing. 他花很多时间 钓鱼。 【拓展】spend time ／ money on sth. 在某事上花费 时间/ 金钱；spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事。 a lot of/lots of 大量；许多 I have a lot of/lots of things to do today. 我今天有许多事情要做。 really /'riːəli/ adv. 非常；确实；真正地 She can play the piano really well.她弹钢琴弹得很好。 【拓展】not really 不完全是；不见得 member /'membə(r)/ n. 成员；会员 There are eight members in this group. 这个小组有八个成员。 activity /æk'tɪvəti/ n. 活动 They all like sports activities. 他们都喜欢体育活动。 【拓展】复数activities chess /tʃes/ n. 国际象棋 The boy always plays chess with his mother. 这个男孩总是和他妈妈一起下国际象棋。 【拓展】play chess 下国际象棋 Chinese chess 中国象棋 I like playing Chinese chess. 我喜欢下中国象棋。 grandparent /'ɡrænpeərənt/ n. 祖父（母）；外祖父（母） Our grandparents love us very much.我们的爷爷奶奶非常爱我们。 【拓展】复数grandparents funny /'fʌni/ adj. 好笑的；奇怪的 He is really funny. 他真的很有趣。 laugh /lɑːf/ v. 笑；发笑n. 笑声 He often makes us laugh. 他经常逗我们笑。 【拓展】laugh at 嘲笑 different /'dɪfrənt/ adj. 不同的 The two kinds of fruits are different. 这两种水果不一样。【拓展】① difference n. 不同 ② be different from 和……不同③反义词same 相同的 violin /'vaɪə'lɪn/ n. 小提琴 She can play the violin well. 她小提琴拉得很好。 【拓展】① play the violin 拉小 提琴② violinist n. 小提琴演奏者 have fun 玩得高兴 We have a lot of fun together. 我们在一起玩得很开心。 hat /hæt/ n. 帽子 That’s my uncle’s hat. 那是我叔叔的帽子。 handsome /'hænsəm/ adj. 英俊的 He’s handsome and funny. 他英俊又有趣。 knee /niː/ n. 膝；膝盖 My knee hurts. 我的膝盖疼。 at night 在夜晚 My mother always reads us a story at night. 我妈妈晚上总是读个故事给我们听。 in the middle 中间；中部 My teacher is in the middle. 我的老师在中间。 grandchild /'ɡræntʃaɪld/ n.(pl. grandchildren /'ɡræn'tʃɪldrən/)（外）孙子；（外）孙女 Grandpa loves his grandchild. 爷爷爱他的孙子。 son /sʌn/ n. 儿子 She loves her son. 她爱她的儿子。【拓展】相关词daughter n. 女儿 next to 紧邻；在……近旁 The girl sits next to the box. 那个女孩紧邻箱子坐着。 hike /haɪk/ v. & n. 远足；徒步旅行 Let’s go for a hike this weekend. 这周末我们去远足吧。 go hiking远足；徒步旅行 She likes to go hiking. 她喜欢去远足。 · 词汇拓展及变形 1. mean 意思是；打算(v.) →   meaning (n.)意义；意思 2. real 真正的；确实的(adj.) →   really (adv.)非常；确实；真正地 3. have 具有；持有(v.) →   has (第三人称单数形式) 4. fun 乐趣；娱乐(n.) →   funny (adj.)好笑的；奇怪的 5. hike 远足；徒步旅行(v.) →   hiking (n.)远足；徒步旅行 6. grandchild （外）孙子；（外）孙女(n.) →   grandchildren (复数) 【练一练】根据所给的词或首字母提示填空 1．My aunt and her h got married last year. 【答案】(h)usband 【详解】句意：我姨妈和她丈夫去年结婚了。根据“got married”及首字母可知，此处是指“丈夫”，其英文为husband。故填(h)usband。 2．On his ninety-ninth birthday, he gets a big cake from his g . 【答案】(g)randson/(g)randdaughter/(g)randchildren/(g)randchild 【详解】句意：在他九十九岁生日那天，他从孙子/孙女那里得到了一个大蛋糕。根据“On his ninety-ninth birthday, he gets a big cake from his…”以及首字母提示可知，此处指在他九十九岁生日那天，他从孙子那里得到了一个大蛋糕，空处指孙辈亲属，应填grandson/granddaughter/grandchildren/grandchild。故填(g)randson/(g)randdaughter/(g)randchildren/(g)randchild。 3．The young men in the photo are my uncles, my grandfather’s two s . 【答案】(s)ons 【详解】句意：照片中的年轻人是我的叔叔，我祖父的两个儿子。根据“The young men in the photo are my uncles, my grandfather’s two…”以及首字母提示可知，此处指照片上的年轻人是“我”祖父的两个儿子，是“我”叔叔；son“儿子”，可数名词，空前为two“两个”，空处应用复数名词sons。故填(s)ons。 4．My cat enjoys lying on my k on sunny afternoons. 【答案】(k)nees 【详解】句意：我的猫喜欢在阳光明媚的下午躺在我的膝盖上。根据“My cat enjoys lying on my…on sunny afternoons.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指猫喜欢躺在“我”的膝盖上，knee“膝盖”，可数名词，空处应填复数名词knees。故填(k)nees。 5．People need to be patient when practising tai chi or playing Chinese c . 【答案】(c)hess 【详解】句意：人们在练习太极拳或下中国象棋时需要有耐心。根据“People need to be patient when practising tai chi or playing Chinese”和首字母提示可知，此处指“下中国象棋”，play chess“下象棋”，故填(c)hess。 6．The trip includes all kinds of a , like going boating and having a picnic. 【答案】(a)ctivities 【详解】句意：这次旅行包括各种各样的活动，如划船和野餐。根据后文“like going boating and having a picnic”可知是谈论活动，由于首字母a，及all kinds of修饰，所以是activities。故填(a)ctivities。 7． (do) Mr. Han have a meeting every Monday? 【答案】Does 【详解】句意：韩先生每周一有会议吗？句中含有实义动词have，句子用一般现在时，主语是Mr. Han，疑问句时借助助动词does。故填Does。 8．The old man has three (grandchild). 【答案】grandchildren 【详解】句意：这个老人有三个孙辈。grandchild“孙子/孙女”，是可数名词，被“three”修饰时需用复数形式。故填grandchildren。 9．My (grandpa) eating habit is very healthy. 【答案】grandpa’s 【详解】句意：我爷爷的饮食习惯很健康。空处作定语修饰名词短语eating habit，所以用所给词grandpa的所有格形式。故填grandpa’s。 10．I like (play) basketball. My father likes it too. 【答案】playing/to play 【详解】句意：我喜欢打篮球。我爸爸也喜欢。like doing/to do sth意为“喜欢做某事”，故填playing/to play。 11．Linda always tells jokes, and she often makes us (laugh). 【答案】laugh 【详解】句意：琳达总是讲笑话，她经常逗我们笑。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，所以空格处应填动词原形。故填laugh。 12．Lisa spends an hour (take) a walk with her grandparents at weekends. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：Lisa在周末花费一个小时和她的祖父母散步。根据“Lisa spends an hour...a walk”可知，指的是花费时间散步，spend some time doing sth. 表示 “花费多长时间做某事”。故填taking。 Part 2- Conversations&Passages 对话&课文 Reading Plus原文 翻译 重难点解析 Unit 2 教材原文 精准译文 Family Ties① in Names Hello! My name is Alan, and I’m from the UK. Here most people have a first, middle, and last name. My full name is Alan Luke Wood. Alan is my first name, Luke is my middle name, and Wood is my last name. We also call the last name a “family name” or “surname②”. My grandfather also has three names. His full name is George Charles Wood. My father’s name is the same as my grandfather's. Can you guess why? It shows great respect③ to my grandfather. People call my father George Charles Wood Junior④, and they call my grandfather George Charles Wood Senior⑤.句式1 My mother’s name was Linda Grant, but now her name is Linda Wood. Why is that? Because in the UK, a woman often changes her family name to her husband’s family name. Sometimes, however, the woman’s last name and the man’s last name are joined together.句式2 This allows both family names to live on. Names show family ties. What do you think? ①Read the text and circle the correct words to complete the sentences. 1. Luke is Alan’s middle name/family name. 2. In the UK, most/all people have three names. 3. Alan’s father’s last name is Junior/Wood. 4. Alan’s mother’s family name is now Grant/Wood. 5. In the UK, women often/never change their family names when they marry. ②Discuss the questions. 1. In English names, which is the surname, the first or the last name? How about Chinese names? 2. How do Chinese parents come up with names for their children? 3. What is the meaning of your name? 名字里的家族关系 你好！我的名字是艾伦，我来自英国。这里大多数人都有名字、中间名和姓氏。我的全名是艾伦·卢克·伍德。艾伦是我的名字，卢克是我的中间名，伍德是我的姓氏。我们也把姓叫做“family name”或“surname”。 我的祖父也有三个名字。他的全名是乔治·查尔斯·伍德。我父亲的名字和我祖父的一样。你能猜出为什么吗？这表达了对我祖父的极大尊敬。人们称呼我的父亲为小乔治·查尔斯·伍德，而称呼我祖父为老乔治·查尔斯·伍德。 我母亲的名字曾经是琳达·格兰特，但现在她的名字是琳达·伍德。这是为什么呢？因为在英国，女性经常会将她们的姓氏改为丈夫的姓氏。但有时候，女性的姓氏和男性的姓氏会结合在一起。这样可以让两个姓氏都得以延续。 名字展示了家族关系。你怎么看呢？ ①阅读文本并圈出正确的词语来完成句子。 1. 卢克是艾伦的中间名/姓氏。 2. 在英国，大多数/所有的人都有三个名字。 3. 艾伦父亲的姓氏是小/伍德。 4. 艾伦母亲现在的姓氏是格兰特/伍德。 5. 在英国，女性经常/从不在结婚时更改她们的姓氏。 ②讨论这些问题。 1. 在英文名字中，“the first name”和“the last name”哪一个表示姓氏？中文名字呢？ 2. 中国父母是如何给他们的孩子起名字的？ 3. 你的名字有什么含义？ 词汇： ①tie/taɪ/ n.联系；关系；纽带（常用复数形式） ②surname/'sɜːneɪm/ n.姓 ③respect/rɪ'spekt/ n.[U]尊敬，敬意 [拓展] show respect to sb.表示对某人的尊敬 ④Junior/'dʒuːniə/ adj.（置于同名父子中儿子的姓名之后）小的；年少的 ⑤Senior/'siːniə/ adj.（置于同名父子中父亲的姓名之后）大的﹐年长的 句式： 1.People call my father George Charles Wood Junior, and they call my grandfather George Charles 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 Wood Senior. 【解读】本句为并列句，结构为“分句1+and+分句2”。每个分句均为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。 2.Sometimes, however, the woman’s last name and the man’s last name are joined together. 【解读】本句为被动语态结构，谓语是"are joined together"；副词however表转折。 教材问题答案： ①1. middle name 2. most 3. Wood 4. Wood 5. often ②1. the last name; the first name 2. Parents in China may think over many factors when naming their children, such as family traditions, nice meanings, great characteristics（特质）and so on. 3. My name is Li Ming. It means bright and wise. (答案不唯一，仅供参考) Part 3- Phrases短语 · 单词表后短语 1. ping-pong bats 乒乓球拍 2. play ping-pong 打乒乓球 3. every day 每天 4. fishing rod 鱼竿 5. a lot of/lots of 大量，许多 6. Chinese chess 中国象棋 7. have fun 玩得高兴 8. at night 在夜晚 9. in the middle 在中间 10. go hiking 去远足 11. next to 紧邻，在...近旁 · 课文短语 1. mean sth. to sb. 对某人而言意味着... 2. family members 家庭成员 3. come in进来 4. spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事 5. pet dog 宠物狗 6. plants and flowers 植物和花卉 7. read a lot 读书很多 8. play basketball 打篮球 9. like gardening 喜欢园艺 10. love animals 热爱动物 11. every week 每周 12. Ella and Emma’s classroom 艾拉和艾玛的教室 13. little brothers’ balls 弟弟们的球 14. make us laugh 使我们发笑 15. have long brown hair 留着长长的棕色头发 16. play the violin 拉小提琴 17. play tennis 打网球 18. a photo of us 我们的一张照片 19. the one with the pink hat 戴着粉色帽子的那个 20. on the left 在左边 21. on his knee 在他的膝盖上/跪着 22. on the right 在右边 23. read me a story 给我读一个故事 24. say sth. to sb. 跟某人说某事 25. family photo 家庭照片 26. love and help each other 彼此相爱并互相帮助 27. family tree 家谱 28. a bit quiet 有点安静 短语 例句 1.love sport热爱运动 Do you love sport?你热爱运动吗？ 2.spend time doing sth.花时间做某事 You have to spend time doing exercise.你必须花时间锻炼。 3.play the piano弹钢琴 Can you play the piano?你会弹钢琴吗？ 4.read a lot读了很多书 You must have read a lot.你一定读了很多书。 5.play the erhu really well二胡拉得很好 I play the erhu really well.我二胡拉得很好。 6.like gardening喜欢园艺 Tom's parents like gardening.汤姆的父母喜欢园艺。 7.wear caps戴帽子 The boy sometimes wears caps.这个男孩有时候戴帽子。 8.make sb.laugh使某人发笑 I'll make you laugh.我会让你大笑。 9.long brown hair棕色长发 She has long brown hair.她有一头棕色长发。 10.play tennis打网球 I play tennis every morning.我每天早上打网球。 11.a photo of一张···的照片 I'll take a photo of you.我来拍一张你的照片。 12.on the left/right在左/右边 The bus station is on the left.公共汽车站在左边。 13.read me a story给我读一个故事 Will you read me a story, Alice?爱丽丝，给我读个故事好吗？ 14.say sth. to sb.跟某人说某事 What did he say to you?他对你说了些什么？ 15.my family photo我的全家福 Look, this is my family photo.看，这是我的全家福。 16.help each other互相帮助 We must all help each other.我们都必须互相帮助。 Part 4- Sentences句型 · 课文句子梳理 1.Hi, Peter! Come in.嗨，彼得！请进。 2.Thanks. Oh, these ping-pong bats are nice.谢谢。哦，这些乒乓球拍真漂亮。 3.Whose are they?它们是谁的？ 4.Well, this is my ping-pong bat, and the black one is my grandpa's.嗯，这是我的乒乓球拍，黑色的是我爷爷的。 5.Do you often play ping-pong together?你们经常在一起打乒乓球吗？ 6.Yes, we play every week.是的，我们每周都打。 7.My grandpa loves sport.我爷爷热爱运动。 8.Whose fishing rods are those?那些钓竿是谁的？ 9.They're my father's.它们是我爸爸的。 10.He spends a lot of time fishing.他花很多时间钓鱼。 11.Hey, do you play the piano?嘿，你会弹钢琴吗？ 12.No, it's my mother's piano.不，它是我妈妈的钢琴。 13.She can play it really well!她弹得很好！ 14.Hi, I'm Lily from Ireland.嗨，我是来自爱尔兰的莉莉。 15.I love my big family.我爱我的大家庭。 16.Here's a photo of us.这是我们的一张照片。 17.I'm the one with the pink hat.我是戴粉色帽子的那个。 18.This is my dad, Fred, on the left.左边这位是我爸爸弗雷德。 19.He's very handsome.他很英俊。 20.He often plays tennis with me.他经常和我一起打网球。 21.My little brother, Sam, is on his knee.我的弟弟萨姆在他的膝盖上。 22.Sam is seven and he really likes chess.萨姆七岁，他非常喜欢国际象棋。 23.My mum, Jane, is on the right.我妈妈简在右边。 24.She's beautiful and kind.她既漂亮又善良。 25.She always reads me a story at night.她总是在晚上给我读一个故事。 26.My grandparents, Jack and Sarah, are in the middle.我的祖父母杰克和萨拉在中间。 27.They're my dad's parents.他们是我爸爸的父母。 28.They have a dog.他们养了一条狗。 29.His name is Oscar.他的名字叫奥斯卡。 30.My grandparents have three grandchildren: Sam, my cousin Lucy, and me.我的祖父母有三个孙辈：萨姆、我的表妹露西和我。 31.They often say I'm their favourite grandchild, but I think they say the same thing to all of us! 他们经常说我是他们最喜欢的孙辈，但我想他们对我们所有人都说同样的话！ · 课文句子重难用法讲解 1. What does family mean to you? 家庭对你来说意味着什么？ 【用法详解】mean作动词的用法： 意味着 mean sth. 意味着…… mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 Those clouds mean rain. This new order will mean working overtime. 意思是 What does ... mean? = What’s the meaning of ...? n.意思；含义 ……的意思是什么？ What does this word mean? =What’s the meaning of this word? 打算；意欲 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 We mean to visit you tomorrow. 【拓展延伸】mean作形容词的用法： mean 不善良的；刻薄的 吝啬的 Don’t be so mean to her. 别对她这么刻薄。 He is always mean with money. 他在花钱方面一向很吝啬。 【即学即用】 （ B ）1.I didn’t mean ________ you. A. hurt B. to hurt C. hurting D. hurted 2. What is your family like? 你的家庭是什么样的？ 【用法详解】“What + be + sth./sb. like?”意为“某物是什么样的？/某人是什么样的人？”，该句型多用来询问某物的特征或某人的性格、品质等。其中，like作介词，意为“像”。 Eg.—What’s your school like? 你的学校是什么样的？ —It’s large and beautiful. 它又大又漂亮。 【拓展延伸】“What + be + sb. like?”还可用来询问人的相貌，同义表达为“What does sb. look like?”。 Eg.—What is your maths teacher like? 你的数学老师长什么样？ —He is tall and thin. 他又高又瘦。 【即学即用】 （ C ）1.Many people think Wei Fang ________ her mother. A. be like B. look like C. is like D. like （ A ）2.—What’s your classroom ________? —It’s really small. A. like B. look like C. likes D. be like （ C ）3.—What does your mother ________? —She is tall and thin. A. looks like B. like C. look like D. be like 3. He spends a lot of/lots of time fishing. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 【用法详解】知识点1： spend动词，意为“花（时间、钱等）”，过去式为spent。主语通常是人，常用于以下结构：sb. spend + time/money + on sth. 某人花费多少时间/金钱在某物上 sb. spend + time/money +（in）__doing__ sth. 某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事 重点： Eg.We should spend more time on our study. 我们应该花费更多的时间在我们的学习上。 Simon spends 2 hours playing the piano every day. 西蒙每天花两个小时弹钢琴。 【拓展延伸】重点：表示“花费”的其他常见词 单词 用法 结构 pay 花钱，主语是人 sb. pay (some monry) for sth. 某人花多少钱买某物 cost 花钱，主语是物 sth. cost (sb.) some money 某物花了某人多少钱 take 花时间，it作形式主语 It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 ►It took me 20 minutes to get to school. 我花了20分钟到达学校。 ►We paid 150 yuan for the meal. 这顿饭我们花了150元。 ►The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan. 这个书包花了我50元。 知识点2： a lot of/lots of意为“大量；许多”，常用于 肯定 句中，既可修饰可数名词复数（相当于 many ），又可修饰不可数名词（相当于 much ）。 Eg.There are lots of books in her home. 她家里有很多书。（修饰可数名词复数） We have lots of milk in the fridge. 我们冰箱里有很多牛奶。（修饰不可数名词） 【即学即用】 （ B ）1.—Do you often read books? —Yes. I ________ most of my time on it. It’s a good way to relax myself. A.cost B.spend C.pay D.take （ B ）2.She spends half an hour ________ the piano every day. A. to play B. playing C. play D. played （ D ）3.Every day I eat ________ fruit and vegetables. They are healthy food. A. a lot B.much C. many D. lots of （ B ）4.It takes him two hours ________ his work. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished （ C ）5.The orange are $12 and the apples $18. So you need to ________ $30 for them. A.take B.spend C.pay D.cost （ C ）6.He gets up early, so he can have ________ time for breakfast. A.many B.a lot C.lots of D.lot of 7.My grandpa spends a lot of time __playing_ (play) chess every day. 8.It takes Amy about 40 minutes __to do___ (do) her homework every day. 9.There are quite a lot of __sheep___ (sheep) on the farm. 4. They like wearing caps. 它们喜欢戴帽子。 【用法详解】重点：like作动词，意为“喜欢”，其第三人称单数形式为 likes ，反义词为 dislike “不喜欢”。Tip: like作介词，意为“像，相似，类似”。固定短语：be like 像…… look like 看起来像…… like like sb./sth. 喜欢某人/某物 like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事 Eg.I like this nice gift very much. 我非常喜欢这件精致的礼物。 Chinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo. 中国人喜欢画竹子。 【即学即用】 （ A ）1.Bob ________ basketball and he looks ________ his fathers. A.likes; like B.like; likes C.likes; likes D.like; like （ B ）2.—________ do your parents ________ on weekends? —They both like go hiking. A.How; look like B.What; like C.What; look like D.How; like （ C ）3.—What ________ your daughter like? —She’s very pretty ________ a film（电影）star. A.is; likes B.does; likes C.is; like D.does; like 4.—Would you like _playing_ (play) football with us? —Certainly. I like _playing_ (play) football very much. 5. He is really funny, and he often makes us laugh. 他非常有趣，经常逗我们大笑。 【用法详解】重点： make sb./sth. do sth. 让某人/某物做某事，其中make为使役动词，意为“让；使”。 Eg.The movie makes me cry. 这部电影使我落泪。 【即学即用】 （ C ）1.People plant trees in March every year to make our earth ________ more beautiful. A.to be B. being C.become D. becomes （ B ）2.—Do you like your Chinese teacher? —No, she always makes us ________ a lot of homework. A.to do B.do C.does D.doing 3.My mother makes me __clean___ (clean) my bedroom every day. 6. I’m the one with the pink hat. 我是那个戴粉色帽子的人。 【易混辨析】知识点1： 指示代词：one与it one 指代前面提到的同类事物中的一个，但并非同一事物，即“ 同类异物 ”。如果指代同类事物中的一些，用ones it 指代前面提到的同一事物，即“ 同类同物 ” 【选词填空】 —Your pen is nice. Where did you buy ___it____? I want to buy __one___ like yours. 你的钢笔不错。你在哪儿买的？我想买一支跟你一样的。 —There are many similar __ones___ in Uncle’s Store. Uncle’s Store里有很多类似的钢笔。 知识点2： 重点：with的用法 有；具有；带有 ►She is tall with long curly brown hair. 她个子很高，留着长长的棕色卷发。 ►Please give me the book with a yellow cover. 请把那本黄色封面的书给我吧。 ►We all like that house with a small garden. 我们都喜欢那座带有一个小花园的房子。 和……在一起 ►Do you live with your parents? 你和父母住在一起吗？ 使用 ►What will you buy with the money? 你会用这笔钱买什么？ 知识点3： hat与cap辨析 hat 通常指有檐的帽子，如太阳帽、高顶礼帽、圆形礼帽等 cap 指无檐或仅有帽舌的帽子，如棒球帽、鸭舌帽、运动帽等 【即学即用】 （ D ）1.She is good-looking ________ long hair, she is ________ red dress. A.has; has B.with; on C.having; wear D.with; wearing （ A ）2.—Excuse me, I want some books, but I can’t find a bookshop here. —I know ________ on my way home. Come with me, please. A.one B. this C. it D. that （ C ）3.The old man lives ________ a house ________ a garden. A.in; and B.on; with C.in; with D.with; in 7. go hiking 远足；徒步旅行 【用法详解】“go +动词-ing”意为“去做某事”，表示从事某项活动或运动。类似的短语还有：_go swimming___去游泳 go climbing去爬山 __go fishing____去钓鱼 __go shopping__去购物 __go boating____去划船 go skating去滑冰 【即学即用】 （ C ）1.—Peter, let’s go ________! I need to buy a lot of things. —Well, I want a toy car. Please add it ________ the shopping list(清单). A. shopping; with B.shop; with C.shopping; to D.shop; to 知识精讲-语音篇 （一）元音音素/ɜ:/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɑː/ 1./ɜ:/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɑː/的发音要领 （1）/ɜ:/ 为长元音，发音时嘴巴半张，双唇略扁平，向嘴角两边略拉开，舍身平放，舌中部伸向硬腭，但不要接触到硬腭，舌部肌肉紧张，声带振动。 （2）/ə/ 为短元音，发音时短促有力。发音要领是：嘴巴微张，舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起，双唇扁平，口腔自然放松。 注意：有些单词在弱读时元音会弱化读作/ə/，如“a”“an”“and”“as”“at”“from”“the”“them”“to”等，口语中常常读成/ə/音，且一带而过。 （3）/ʌ/ 为短元音，发此音时短促有力，注意嘴巴半张，舌中部抬起，舌尖抵住下齿，口形扁平。 （4）/ɑː/ 为长元音，发音时要拖长一些。注意上下齿全部张开，嘴巴放松张大为圆形，舌身后缩，舌后部稍抬高，振动声带，推出气流，由喉部发类似“啊”的音。 2.发音为/ɜ:/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɑː/的字母或字母组合 /ɜ:/ er her person certain term ear early earth learn ur hurt nurse turn or word world work ir shirt bird skirt /ə/ o today carrot police a China ago panda about i family holiday u upon autumn support e open them er teacher over after driver or doctor actor visitor ar sugar similar /ʌ/ u us under duck but o mother come love ou cousin young oo blood /ɑː/ a after father ask plant ar art arm card guitar ear heart au aunt laugh 语音知识 （二）单词重音（1） 英语单词由单音节词、双音节词和多音节词之分。含有一个响亮音素的声音片断叫作一个音节。英语里的元音都是响亮的音素。由一个音节构成的词叫单音节词。由两个或两个以上音节构成的词称为双音节词或多音节词。对于双音节词或多音节词，有的音节须读得重些，叫作重读音节；有的音节要读得轻些，叫作非重读音节。重读音节用重读符号“´”标出。 （1） 单音节词不需要标重读符号，如：cat/kæt/、dad/dæd/、desk/desk/。 （2） 双音节词的重音一般落在第一个音节上，如：jacket/´dʒækɪt/、carrot/´kærət/、sweater/´swetə(r)/。 （3） 少数双音节词的重音落在第二个音节上，如：about/ə´baʊt/、mistake/mɪ´steɪk/。 知识精讲-语法篇 （一）名词所有格 1.Teng Fei’s grandfather loves sport. 滕飞的爷爷喜欢运动。 2.This is Ella and Emma’s classroom. 这是埃拉和埃玛的教室。 3.These are my little brothers’ balls. 这些是我弟弟们的球。 语法示例 语法概述 表示名词之间的所有或所属关系，译为“……的” 考向1：“名词+’s”所有格 “名词+’s”所有格主要用于表示 有生命 事物的名词的所属关系。 1.单数名词后加“ ’s ”（以-s结尾的人名后加“’”或“’s”均可）； ►My sister’s book 我姐姐的书 ►Jame’/James’s bike 詹姆斯的自行车 2.以-s结尾的复数名词只加“ ’ ”，不以-s结尾的复数名词通常加“ ’s ”； ►the three girls’ father 这三个女孩的父亲 ►the three children’s father 这三个孩子的父亲 3.表示几个人共有，仅在最后一个人的名字后加“ ’s ”；表示各自分别拥有时，应在各个名字后加“ ’s ”； ►Li Hua and Teng Fei’s car李华和滕飞的汽车（他们共有的汽车）→注意名词要用 单数 （单数/复数）形式 ►Li Hua’s and Teng Fei’s cars李华和滕飞的汽车（他们各自的汽车）→注意名词要用复数（单/复数）形式 4.’s所有格后的名词为住所、商店或办公场所等时，该名词通常可省略。 ►—Where are you going? 你要去哪里？ —To Tom’s. 去汤姆家。 ►She is now at the doctor’s. 她现在在诊所。 【发音小助手】 名词后加’s构成所有格形式的发音规则： 在清辅音后读/s/，如Mike’s/maɪks/basketball、your group’s/gru:ps/idea； 在浊辅音和元音后读/z/，如her dad’s/dædz/glasses、Lily’s/´lɪliz/family； 在/s/、/z/、/ʃ/、/tʃ/、/dʒ/等后读/ɪz/，如Alice’s/´ælɪsɪz/vlog、George’s/´dʒɔ:dʒɪz/father。 考向2：of所有格 1.of所有格多用于表示 无生命 事物的名词的所有关系。 ►a map of China 一幅中国地图 2.of所有格也可以用于表示人和其他有生命事物的名词的所有关系。 ►What’s the name of her cat? 她的猫叫什么名字？ ►The life of people is becoming better and better. 人们的生活正在变得越来越好。 3.’s所有格和of所有格有时候可以互相转换。一般来说，’s所有格都可以转换成of所有格，但并非所有的of所有格都可以转换成’s所有格。 ►the girl’s new dress = the new dress of the girl 这个女孩的新连衣裙 【拓展延伸】双重所有格 双重所有格是指既含有’s所有格，又含有of所有格的结构。双重所有格可用来表示整体中的一部分，也可用来表示某种感情色彩。 ►an old friend of my father’s 我爸爸的一位老朋友（表示我爸爸众多朋友中的“一个”） ►this lovely son of your sister’s 你姐姐的这个可爱的儿子（表示赞美） 【即学即用】 （ B ）1.—Is ________ mother an English teacher? —Yes, she is. A. Bob and Alice B. Bob and Alice's C. Bob's and Alice's D. Bob's and Alice （ C ）2.In China, we celebrate ________ Day on June lst, ________ Day on September 10th. A.Children's; Teacher's B.Children; Teachers C.Children's; Teachers' D.Children's; Teachers （ A ）3.Mr. Li is a teacher of ________. She and her classmates like him very much. A.my sister's B.my sister C.my sisters D.my sisters' （ C ）4.Thanks _______ the photo ________ your family. A.for; to B.of; in C.for; of D.of; for 5.A pen of __my sister’s__ (my sister) is on the table. 6.—Who's the woman talking to Mr Lin? —She's _Mary and Joe’s_ (Mary and Joe) aunt. （二）含实义动词的一般现在时 1.I have a brother and a sister. 我有一个哥哥和一个妹妹。 2.He often plays tennis with me. 他经常和我一起打网球。 3.They have a dog. 他们养了一只狗。 语法示例 语法概述 一般现在时可以表示现在的状态，还可以表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作，也可以表示主语具备的性格和能力等。本单元主要讲解实义动词在一般现在时中的基本用法。 考向：含实义动词的一般现在时的句式结构 句式 构成形式 例句 肯定句 主语+动词第三人称单数形式/动词原形+其他. He plays basketball every day. 否定句 主语+ __don’t___/__doesn’t__+动词原形+其他. They don’t like to go shopping. 一般疑问句及其简略回答 ___Do___/__Does___+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：__Yes___, 主语+___do___/__does__. 否定回答：___No___, 主语+_don’t__/_doesn’t_. —Does his father wear glasses? —Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. 1.一般现在时的时间标志词： always，sometimes，often，usually，every day/ week/ Sunday, never等。 2.动词原形变为动词第三人称单数变化规则： 动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则与可数名词单数变复数的规则大致一致。 ★当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it）或者名词单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 温馨提示：have的第三人称单数为___has___ 规 则 例 词 一般在动词词尾加__-s___ play→_plays__ like→__likes_ read→_reads_ come→_comes 以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾的动词加__-es__ go→__goes_ do→__does__ watch→watches brush→brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变__y___为___i___，再加__-es__ fly→_flies__ cry→_cries__ study→studies carry→_carries_ 【特别提醒】 （1）肯定句主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词的词尾要加-s（-es）； ►He/She likes orange. 他/她喜欢橙子。 （2）在否定句和疑问句中，do（does）后面的动词要用原形； ►He/She doesn’t like oranges. 他/她不喜欢橙子。 （3）简略回答的主语和助动词跟随问句，用什么问，就用什么答（问句中主语为you时，回答用I/we）。 ►—Does he likes oranges? 他喜欢橙子吗？ —Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. 是的，他喜欢。/不，他不喜欢。 【即学即用】 一、用have, has, do, does, don’t,或doesn’t填空 1.I __have___ a book and he ___has__ a pen. 2.They __have__ a TV. They __don’t__ have a radio. 3.She ___has___ a CD player. It’s on the desk. 4.I __don’t___ have a computer, but Tom ___has___ one. 5.—Does he a clock? —No, he _doesn’t_. 6.—Do you a schoolbag? —Yes, I ___do___. 7.—Does Cindy ___have___ a ruler? —Yes, she __does___. 二、句型转换 1.I have a red notebook.（改为一般疑问句） ___Do___ you ___have___ a red notebook? 2.He has a basketball.（改为否定句） He __doesn’t__ ___have___ a basketball. 3.Does he have a ping-pong ball?（做否定回答） No,___he____ __doesn’t__. 4.My teacher plays tennis well.（改为一般疑问句） ___Does___ your teacher ___have___ tennis well? 5.Nancy doesn’t like apples.（改为肯定句） Nancy ___likes___ apples. 语法小测 一、单项选择 （ D ）1.—Where's my computer game? —It's in your ________ room. A.grandparent B.grandparents C.grandparent's D.grandparents' （ C ）2.—Look! A set of keys ________ on the floor. Whose is it? —It is my ________. A.are; brother B.has; brothers C.is; brother's D.are; brothers' （ A ）3.I guess ________ bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color. A.Lucy's and Lily's B.Lucy and Lily's C.Lucy and Lily D.Lucy's and Lily （ B ）4.Zhao Lin ________ to Beijing by train often. He usually goes by plane. A.isn't going B.doesn't go C.not go D.don't go （ B ）5.—________ Ed Smith play sports after school? —No, he doesn't. He only ________ them on TV. A.Is; watches B.Does; watches C.Do; watch D.Does; watch （ B ）6.—________ that new car over there? —I think it's ________. A.Who's, Charis B.Whose, Charis' C.Whose, Charis's D.Who's, Charis' （ C ）7.The ________ meeting begins at two o'clock in the afternoon. After that, parents ________ two of our lessons. A.parents; listen B.parents'; listen C.parents'; watch D.parents; look （ A ）8.—Many people ________ to Wuhan to have fun on weekends. —Yeah! We must work hard to make our city better. A.come B.comes C.coming D.is coming （ A ）9.Jim with his friends ________ to school on foot every day. A.goes B.go C.are going D.going （ C ）10.It's ________ study. The twins do homework or read together after school every day. A.Mike and Jack B.Mike's and Jack C.Mike and Jack's D.Mike's and Jack's （ A ）11.—Does he have a baseball? —________ And he has a baseball bat. A. Yes, he does. B. Yes, he do. C. No, he doesn't. D. No, he does. （ B ）12.—Does Jim have a TV at home? —Yes, he often ________ football games on TV. A.watch B.watches C.to watch D.watching （ B ）13.—________ your brother Jim ________ a pen? —No, he doesn't .But Jack ________ one. A.Does; has, have B.Does; have; has C.Do; has; has D.Do, have; have （ B ）14.Jane sometimes ________ around the city with her parents on weekends. A.travel B.travels C.traveled D.will travel （ D ）15.We usually have a seven ________ holiday every National Day. A.days B.day' C.day's D.days' 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.My father always ___comes____ (come) back from work very late. 2.I’ll give my English teacher a card for __Teachers’___ (teacher) Day. 3.A friend of _your brother’s_ (your brother) comes to see him. 4.I like reading books and __playing____ (play) soccer after school. 5.Lucy ___likes____ (like) Friday very much because there is a music lesson on that day. 6.My father usually ___goes___ (go) out for a walk after supper. 7.How many dancing ___classes___ (class) do you have every week? 8.His __grandparents__ (grandparent) often take care of him when his parents are busy. 9.Sun Hai and Sun Yang ___have____ (have) eight lessons this term. 10.Tom often ___hears____ (hear) the girl sing in the music room. Her voice sounds beautiful. 分层提分-基础&拔高练习 基础练习 一、选出四个选项中划线字母与其他三个选项读音不同的选项 （ D ）1. A. sun B. run C. bus D. ruler （ B ）2. A. star B. warm C. farm D. park （ C ）3. A. much B. us C. excuse D. cup （ C ）4. A. work B. world C. doctor D. word （ B ）5. A. want B. fat C. wash D. what （ D ）6. A. her B. term C. person D. after （ D ）7. A. duck B. but C. jump D. support （ D ）8. A. mother B. come C. love D. today （ A ）9. A. China B. after C. father D. ask （ C ）10. A. art B. arm C. sugar D. guitar 二、根据单词划线部分的读音，将单词归类 much them dark hurt her turn summer doctor duck watch heart sister family under teacher bird panda laugh 1. /ɜ :/__hurt, her, turn, bird_____________________________________ 2. / ə/___them, summer, doctor, sister, family, teacher________________ 3. /ɑ:/__much, dark, heart, laugh_________________________________ 4. /Λ/__duck, watch, under, panda_______________________________ 3、 语法填空 Mr. Li comes from Zibo. He is 1 English teacher in a middle school. His wife (妻子), Mrs. Wang, 2 (teach) math in a primary school. They have three children—two girls, Lisa and Sally, and a boy, Peter. Peter has a very 3 (interest) job. He is a police artist (艺术家). Mr. Li is 45 years old. He is not thin 4 fat. He is of medium build (中等身材). After school, he enjoys cooking for his family. He is good at 5 (make) noodles and dumplings. Mrs. Wang likes 6 (run). She has a healthy eating habit. She eats fruit every day. She likes 7 (strawberry) best. Last Sunday was Peter’s 20th birthday. All members in the family had a birthday party for him. Lisa and Sally made a birthday cake for him. Mrs. Wang 8 (buy) her son a new football, because he is 9 (interest) in playing it. Mr. Li made a bowl 10   beef noodles for Peter. Peter had a happy birthday with his family. 【参考答案】 1. an 2. teaches 3. interesting 4. or 5. making 6. running 7. strawberries 8. bought 9. interested 10. of 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了来自淄博的李先生一家的相关内容，包括其家庭成员、外貌、爱好以及举办生日聚会的事情。 【详情解析】 1. 句意：他是一位中学英语老师。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指的一名英语老师，空后的“English”为元音音素开头的单词，所以此处填写不定冠词an。故填an。 2. 句意：他的妻子王太太在一所小学教数学。本句时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数的“His wife (妻子), Mrs. Wang”，所以动词用三单形式。故填teaches。 3. 句意：Peter有一份有趣的工作。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词形式，作定语，修饰job。故填interesting。 4. 句意：他不瘦也不胖。根据下文“He is of medium build”可知，李先生不瘦也不胖，or“也不”，用于否定句。故填or。 5. 句意：他擅长做面条和饺子。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”，固定词组。故填making。 6. 句意：王太太喜欢跑步。like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定词组。故填running。 7. 句意：她最喜欢草莓。此处应用复数形式，表示概数概念。故填strawberries。 8. 句意：王太太给她儿子买了一个新足球，因为他对踢足球感兴趣。根据上文“Last Sunday”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式形式。故填bought。 9. 句意：王太太给她儿子买了一个新足球，因为他对踢足球感兴趣。be interested in…“对……感兴趣”，固定词组。故填interested。 10. 句意：李先生给Peter做了一碗牛肉面。a bowl of…“一碗……”，固定词组。故填of。 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.My grandpa spends a lot of time 　 playing (play) chess every day. 2.Nick sometimes has a lot of 　 tomatoes 　 (tomato) in summer. 3.Suzy likes sports very much and she can play tennis very 　 well 　 (good). 4.The birthday party is 　 really 　 (real) good, and we had lots of fun at the party. 5.Do you like 　 speaking 　 (speak) English with me this afternoon? 6.Do they have great fun 　 flying 　 (fly) kites in the beautiful park? 7.Many 　 people 　 (people) come to the island because of its beautiful beach. 8.Here 　 are 　 (be) two nice photos of my family. 9.Betty 　 had 　 (have) a busy weekend. She did lots of work at home! 10.Mr. Wang often makes me 　 laugh 　 (laugh) in the class. 五、从下面方框中选出10个单词，并将其正确形式填写在相应位置，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。 ask be but I teacher friend she that they three we you Hello, I am a little pig. My name's Peppa. Many people know my name because they can see1.___me___. on TV. This is my room. Here are some nice photos on the wall. Look at the first one.2. _Those__ are my parents Dad Pig and Mum Pig and that is my little brother George. I read books every day and he always 3. ___asks___ me for help. My 4. _friends_ and I are in the next photo.5. __Their__ names are Danny Dog and Suzy Sheep. The two hats in my hands(手) are ours. On the desk 6. ___are___ a radio and a clock. I lost the radio 7. ___but___George helped me find it in the classroom. In the bookcase are some books and 8. __three___ tapes. The tapes are my English 9. _teacher’s__ . She is Linda. We like10. ___her____very much. And she always helps us with English. 拔高练习 一、完形填空 Hi, I'm Tom Green. Here is a photo of my family. The girl in a red skirt is my sister. 1 name is Alice Green. She is in Groton School. The girl in a blue jacket is my 2 . She is my aunt's daughter. She is in my school. She 3 a pencil box in the school library. Is it yours? You can call her at 654-5748. 4 is the boy(男孩) in a brown jacket? Aha, it's me, I like 5 . My schoolbag, pencil box, and 6 pencils are all brown.But I lost my schoolbag this morning.I must find 7 .My pencil box, an English book, a 8 and a computer game are in it.My three brown pencils are in the pencil box.On the dictionary, you can see my 9 name—Tom. The computer game is not 10 . It's my good friend Jack's. If you find my schoolbag, please call me. My phone number is 548-2456. （ C ）1. A. My B. His C. Her D. Its （ B ）2. A. sister B. cousin C. aunt D. mother （ A ）3. A. found B. lost C. had D. bought （ C ）4. A. How B. What C. Who D. Where （ A ）5. A. brown B. green C. red D. yellow （ C ）6. A. one B. two C. three D. four （ A ）7. A. it B. them C. her D. you （ D ）8. A. ID card B. football C. pen D. dictionary （ B ）9. A. last B. first C. second D. family （ C ）10. A. his B. yours C. mine D. hers 二、阅读理解 A Hello, everyone. My name’s John. Here is the picture of my family tree. Let’s have a look. 1．________ may be (可能是) Gina. A． B． C． D． 2．Bill is Eric’s ________. A．father B．uncle C．cousin D．grandpa 3．Which of the following words can be put in (能被放在) the ▲ ? A．parent B．cousin C．sister D．aunt 4．Frank has ________ sons. A．two B．three C．four D．five 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Mary is Anna’s aunt. B．Kate is Jane’s mother. C．Paul is Eric’s uncle. D．Peter is Eric’s cousin. 【参考答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了约翰的家谱。 【详情解析】 1．推理判断题。根据家谱信息可知，吉娜是约翰的奶奶，照片应是年龄比较大的女性。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据家谱信息可知，比尔和保罗是兄弟关系，因此保罗的孩子埃里克应叫比尔叔叔或伯伯。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据家谱信息可知，“我”、埃里克和简都是保罗和萨莉的孩子，因此“我”和简是姐弟或兄妹关系，在简姓名下应填sister。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据家谱信息可知，弗兰克和吉娜有两个儿子，分别是比尔和保罗。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据家谱信息可知，莎莉和珍妮是姐妹，因此莎莉的儿子埃里克与珍妮的儿子彼得是表兄弟，因此选项D描述正确。故选D。 B I am Grace. Here is my family. My mother, Jessica, is a doctor. She is 38 years old. She is kind and beautiful. She likes going hiking. Here is my father, Scott Black. He is 40 years old. He is handsome and funny. He likes playing basketball. He plays it every week. My brother, Tony Black. He is 9 years old. He has short hair and big eyes. He is a student. He likes reading. This is me. I am Grace Black. I am 12 years old. I’m tall and I’m always happy. I have a pet cat. Its name is Mimi. It is very clever. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Where does Grace’s mother work? A． B． C． D． 2．What does Scott Black like? A．Going hiking. B．Playing basketball. C．Reading. D．Animals. 3．Who is Tony Black? A．Grace’s friend. B．Grace’s father. C．Grace’s cousin. D．Grace’s brother. 4．From the passage we know ________. A．Jessica is Tony’s teacher B．Tony is 40 years old C．Jessica is Grace’s mother D．Scott is Tony’s uncle 5．The main idea (主旨大意) of this passage is about ________. A．Grace’s parents B．Grace’s school C．Grace’s family D．Grace’s day 【参考答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了Grace的家庭成员。 【详情解析】 1．推理判断题。根据“My mother, Jessica, is a doctor.”可推知，医生在医院工作，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“He likes playing basketball. He plays it every week.”可知，Scott Black喜欢打篮球，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“My brother, Tony Black.”可知，Tony Black是Grace的兄弟，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“My mother, Jessica”可知，Jessica是Grace的母亲，故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“I am Grace. Here is my family.”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了Grace的家庭成员，故选C。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$