精品解析：河南省中州联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷

中州联盟2023~2024学年上学期期末考试 高二英语 考生注意： 1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4. 本卷命题范围：人教版选择性必修第二册~选择性必修第三册 Unit2。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do next? A. Write a list. B. Get the map. C. Wait for the man. 2. What happened to the man? A. He cut his foot. B. He forgot his notes. C. He fought with his friends. 3. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Do housework. B. Collect the kids. C. Drive her to the station. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A A job choice. B. Top companies. C. Work experience. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister. C. Husband and wife. 7. What does the man suggest buying for Lily? A. A pair of shorts. B. A pair of sports shoes. C. A pair of running socks. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. How is the woman feeling these days? A. Excited. B. Stressful. C. Relaxed. 9. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Have regular breaks. B. Keep a healthy diet. C. Do more work. 10. What is the woman's attitude to the man's idea? A. Positive. B. Unconcerned. C. Doubtful. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。 11. What does the man like doing in his free time? A. Observing clouds. B. Watching birds. C. Listening to songs. 12. What is the best way to clear his mind according to the man? A. Singing songs. B. Picking up leaves. C. Walking in nature. 13. What does the woman agree to do with the man? A. Take photos. B. Go hiking. C. Plant trees. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the man? A. A teacher. B. A director. C. A host. 15. Which year of senior high school is Anna in now? A. The first year. B. The second year. C. The third year. 16. What did Anna and her friends discuss with their teacher? A. When to meet for the club. B. Where to run the club. C. How to find films. 17. What is the most interesting thing for Anna? A. Watching films. B. Discussing films. C. Buying films. 听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。 18. In how many days has Erchana run 150 marathons? A. 150. B. 160. C. 320. 19. Why did Erchana run the marathons? A. To increase awareness of the risk of extinction. B. To raise money for homeless animals. C. To win a gold medal for her country. 20. What can we learn about Erchana? A. She is honest. B. She is modest. C. She is determined. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A From Milan to Riyadh, these culture-packed cities offer creative experiences, whether through interesting street arts, innovative exhibitions or award-winning architectures. Milan Milan’s fashion heritage dates back to its days as an important trading center, when rich businessmen would bring luxurious clothes to the city and improve their bartering (以物易物) skills in its streets. The area’s fashion-forward reputation was later strengthened by design masters such as Giorgio Armani, Dolce & Gabbana and Versace, all of whom grew their brands here. Shanghai Shanghai has a long history in the fields of art and architecture, and has long attracted creative professionals both domestically and internationally. But today, the integration of traditional temples into the surrounding modern metropolis (大都市) continues to attract tourists. Begin with a wander through the streets of the original Old City, taking in the 600-year-old City God Temple and the nine-bend Jiu Qu Qiao. Then, make for the Shanghai Museum, where more than a million artifacts — including ancient sculptures, china and calligraphy — are on display. Copenhagen Copenhagen’s architecture has been awarded many honors over the years, including UNESCO World Capital of Architecture 2023. Today, many of the city’s most popular tour routes centre on these eye-catching aspects. The harbour-front Copenhagen Opera House presents a neo-futuristic style while the Black Diamond Royal Library and the Bicycle Bridge dot the skyline with their distinctive designs. Riyadh Saudi Arabia’s largest city Riyadh has actively positioned itself as a global destination for creative travellers and to this end, it has established the Riyadh Art initiative. The first public art project of its kind in the country, Riyadh Art aims to transform the city into a “gallery without walls” through public art installations, festivals and workshops. 1. What is Milan famous for? A. Its festivals. B. Its fashion products. C. Its architecture. D. Its modern art. 2. Where will you go if you want to visit the Bicycle Bridge? A. Copenhagen. B. Shanghai. C. Milan. D. Riyadh. 3. What do we know about Riyadh? A. It is Saudi Arabia’s second largest city. B. It has a lot of galleries without walls. C. It aims to attract creative visitors. D. It plans to set up the Riyadh Art initiative. B Estefanía Rebellón was once a migrant (流动的) child. She was 10 when her family fled Cali, Colombia, because of death threats to her father, who had been forced into hiding. They settled in Miami. Despite the challenges she faced as a migrant child, she was lucky to have teachers who advocated for her and guided her along the way. Rebellón moved from Miami to Los Angeles when she was 21 to pursue an acting career. In 2018, she was so moved after volunteering in migrant camps in Tijuana that she put her career on hold. “There were no schools set up to help these kids. They were walking around the camps barefoot,” she said. Rebellón and her partner Kyle Schmidt used about $1,000 of their savings to buy tents and supplies and set up a makeshift (临时的) school at the border. They enlisted volunteer teachers to provide learning opportunities in the camps. In the months that followed, when those families living in the camps were moved to shelters, Rebellón and Schmidt wanted to continue offering educational services. “I thought, ‘Why don’t we turn a bus into a mobile classroom, and we could take it to all the different shelters?’” Rebellón said. Over the next year, Rebellón and Schmidt bought and transformed a bus, partnered with shelters, and drove the bus over the border. In 2019, she co-founded the Yes We Can World Foundation, a nonprofit organization that believes every child has the right to education and safe spaces regardless of their location, current legal status or economic background. Rebellón’s organization hires professional teachers and tailors their curriculum (课程) to the specific needs of each student. “The program has been officially approved by the education secretary in Mexico and serves children aged 3 to 15 — a crucial period for education,” Rebellón said. Today, the Yes We Can World Foundation educates 250 — 300 kids a day through its four school locations along the border and three mobile school buses. “Since 2019, the group has served more than 3,100 migrant children from 10 countries,” Rebellón said. 4. What can be learned about Rebellón from the first paragraph? A. She received death threats. B. Her teachers helped her a lot. C. She was forced into hiding. D. Her acting career began early. 5. What did Rebellón realize while volunteering in migrant camps? A. She should value her hard-won life. B. Children could be happy in any environment. C Migrant kids lacked opportunities for schooling. D She was lucky to have the ability to help others. 6. Why did Rebellón turn a bus into a classroom? A. To set the scene for her show. B. To realize her childhood dream. C. To give full play to the value of a bus. D. To offer children convenient access to education. 7. What can we say about the impact of the Yes We Can World Foundation? A. It’s far-reaching. B. It’s predictable. C It’s short-lived. D. It’s unidentifiable. C Packaging can play a greater role in keeping produce and other foods fresh, therefore minimizing food waste — especially if consumers can better understand those packaging technologies. That’s among the takeaways of research led by Michigan State University (MSU)’s School of Packaging, detailed in a recently released white paper. In the United States, food waste in landfills doubled from 1990 to 2020, according to data shared by the US Environmental Protection Agency this year. Researchers cited data showing 40% of the food supply is wasted each year, with 43% of that happening at the consumer or household level. Ameripen the only organization exclusively focused on US public policy for the entire packaging industry, and the Environmental Research & Education Foundation funded research that included a survey of more than 1,000 people in the United States. Ameripen said it wanted to know what role packaging could play in reducing household food waste as well as understand consumer awareness of food packaging’s value and functions. The survey asked consumers about their understanding of packaging forms and willingness to pay more for packaging designed to reduce food waste, among other areas. The study found that whole fruits and vegetables, particularly bananas and lettuce, are the foods most wasted by households, with dairy products, prepared packaged foods and leftovers also common culprits (罪魁祸首). “Half-eaten packaged food products and food without packaging that went bad before it was eaten are the two primary reasons for food waste in American households, indicating there is opportunity for improved packaging design to help consumers with extending shelf life, reuse and size,” the white paper states. Researchers reported that while consumers’ current understanding of packaging technologies was “limited”, they indicated “they would pay more for food contained in packaging that extends freshness and shelf life.” “There’s a need to design packaging for produce that is currently not packaged; that most of the produce in this study was wasted is because there is no packaging at all,” MSU’s Korey Fennel said during the webinar (网络研讨会), also noting the importance of “intelligent packaging” that could indicate the shelf life of food products. 8. What does the underlined word “minimizing” in the first paragraph mean? A. Showing. B. Continuing. C. Recovering. D. Reducing. 9. What does the author intend to do in the second paragraph? A. Summarize the previous paragraph. B. Provide some advice for the readers. C. Add some background information. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion. 10. How did the researchers conduct their study? A. By making observations. B. By asking questions. C. By carrying out experiments. D. By referring to former studies. 11. What is the consumers’ attitude to purchasing packaged food according to the study? A. Cautious. B. Unclear. C. Critical. D. Favorable. D Not unlike the wings of airplanes, the blades (叶片) of wind turbines (涡轮机) need to be kept ice-free in order to function properly. Scientists have now developed an inexpensive method of using drones (无人机) to apply an eco-friendly anti-icing coating (涂层) to those blades. If too much ice builds up on wind turbine blades, they will turn more slowly, producing less energy. What’s more, if an equal amount of ice isn’t present on all three blades, the turbine’s balance may be thrown off, leading to increased wear and possibly even disastrous failure. There are anti-icing heating systems that can be built into the blades, but these may be beyond the financial means of many wind farm (风电场) operators. The same can be said for using helicopters to apply ice-prevention chemicals. Seeking a more economical but still effective alternative, scientists from two branches of Germany’s Fraunhofer research group recently started looking to drones. The research project is known as “TURBO: Temporary coating by means of drones — Icing protection of wind turbines as a case study”. In the current version of the resulting system, a hexacopter drone is equipped with a small pump that delivers anti-icing liquid. The liquid is sprayed (喷洒) at high pressure — which is just 0. 3 mm wide — producing tiny droplets with a diameter of 100 micrometers. Using this setup, the drone has successfully been used to apply coatings of the droplets onto the edges of wind turbine blades, even at wind speeds of up to 35 km/h (22 mph). Once solidified (固化/凝固), those coatings prevent ice formation for several weeks before a fresh coating is applied. The scientists are now seeking industry partners to help commercialize (商业化) the TURBO technology. It could also find use in the maintenance (维护) of power lines, the upper levels of tall buildings, or other things that are difficult to reach by conventional means. 12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Problems caused by icing. B. The process of ice formation. C. Disasters brought about by drones. D. The function of wind turbines. 13. Which word can best describe anti-icing heating systems? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Expensive. D. Dangerous. 14. What can we learn about the TURBO technology from the last paragraph? A. It has a wider range of applications. B. It is a relatively traditional approach. C. It can solve the problem once and for all (一劳永逸). D. It is more costly than using ice-prevention chemicals. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Advantages of Using Wind Energy B. Drones Protect Wind Turbines From Icing C. Wind Turbines Remove Ice on Their Own D. A Major Breakthrough in Drone Technology 第二节（共5小题；每小题 2. 5分山，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. ____16____. Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track. ____17____. Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day. Exercise early. ____18____. Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise. Keep moving. Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. ____19____. Think out of the box. The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. ____20____ — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents. A. Plan ahead B. Plan out your route before you go C. Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips D. Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health E. Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations F. Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair G. Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT. She is conducting her research on brain diseases that ____21____ the minds of millions of people worldwide. Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early ____22____. Her courage as a researcher comes from her ____23____, who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by ____24____ to fund her own education. Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father ____25____ her interest in engineering. Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his ____26____, fashioning devices to make home life more ___27___, including an electricity-free washing machine. “That got me very ____28____ in science and technology.” Sarkar says. After ____29____ a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad, Sarkar _____30_____ California to study nanoclectronics. There, she tested new ways to _____31_____ nanodevices that could reduce the amount of _____32_____ consumed by computers and other everyday electronics. _____33_____, she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice. Along the way, Sarkar became fascinated with the _____34_____, which she calls “the lowest energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains. “Our brains are _____35_____, but we could be better than what we are.” she says. 21. A. enrich B. read C. affect D. poison 22. A. birds B. researchers C. failures D. inspirations 23. A. aunt B. mother C. sister D. grandmother 24. A. working B. pretending C. refusing D. waiting 25. A. protected B. switched C. stimulated D. supported 26. A. job B. holiday C. discomfort D. passion 27. A. complex B. convenient C. peaceful D. meaningful 28. A. interested B. honest C. lucky D. disappointed 29. A. starting B. carning C. needing D. introducing 30. A. adapted to B. related to C. headed to D. belonged to 31. A. create B. fix C. operate D. sell 32. A. water B. money C. power D. time 33. A. Unfortunately B. Immediately C. Obviously D. Eventually 34. A. computer B. brain C. exercise D. fashion 35. A. empty B. busy C. relaxed D. remarkable 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The “Understanding Contemporary China” Foreign Language Contests were held in Beijing from December 4 to 8． Nearly one million college students from more than 1,300 universities participated , with about 2,500 ____36____ (enter) the national final. The contests aimed to ____37____ (deep) college students’ understanding of China, enhance their linguistic (语言的) abilities and intercultural communication ____38____ (competent), and provide a platform for them to tell China’s stories well. The champion of the English group ____39____ (determine) through a simulated (模拟的) “Global Youth Summit”. Three contestants discussed ____40____ (topic) including cultural diversity and the future development of mankind with Xinhua News Agency’s reporter Simon Keith Robinson, ____41____ tested their knowledge and ability to handle diverse subjects. Xu Chengcheng, from Beijing Foreign Studies University, won ____42____ national championship of the International Communication Contest. She demonstrated a high-level of English proficiency(熟练)and strong communication skills in the prepared speech ____43____ the Global Youth Summit session(会议). A special session of “Multilingual Champions Showcase” was part ____44____ the closing ceremony, where champions used their foreign language skills _____45_____ (share) stories about their understanding of China and communication with the world, showcasing youthful insights. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 为丰富学生们的课外生活，你校将举办以 “Traditional Chinese Drama” 为主题的展览。请你代表学生会用英语写一则通知，内容包括： 1. 展览时间、地点； 2. 展览内容、意义； 3. 鼓励学生参展。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Once, a small village farmer had the misfortune of owing a large sum of money to a village money lender. The money lender was old, unmarried and fancied of marrying the farmer’s beautiful daughter. One day, the farmer went to the money lender to ask him for some more time to return the loan. The money lender pretended to be angry for a while and then proposed a bargain (交易). The money lender said that if the farmer could not repay his debt, he would be punished or he had an option to let him marry his daughter and all his debt would be forgiven. Both the farmer and his daughter were frightened by the proposal. There was no way the farmer could pay back the money soon but he did not want his beautiful daughter to marry the old and cruel money lender. In an attempt to persuade the farmer to accept his deal, the tricky money lender made an attractive condition in deciding the fate (命运) of the father and daughter. He would keep a black and a white pebble (鹅卵石) in a bag. The girl then had to choose a pebble which would decide her fate. If she picked the black pebble, she would have to marry the money lender and her father’s debt would be forgiven. If she picked the white pebble, she did not need to marry the money lender and her father’s debt would still be forgiven. If she refused to pick the pebble, the farmer would be thrown into prison. They were standing on a path filled with pebbles. The money lender even called the nearby villagers to witness the event, so that no party could walk away from their words. The money lender bent over, picked two pebbles and kept them in a money bag. The sharp-eyed girl noticed that he had picked two black pebbles instead of a black and a white. He then asked the girl to pick a pebble from the bag. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The girl was confused about what to do. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The money lender dared not admit his dishonesty in front of the villagers. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1~5 BABCA 6~10 CBBAC 11~15 ACBCC 16~20 ABAAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 中州联盟2023~2024学年上学期期末考试 高二英语 考生注意： 1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4. 本卷命题范围：人教版选择性必修第二册~选择性必修第三册 Unit2。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do next? A. Write a list. B. Get the map. C. Wait for the man. 2. What happened to the man? A. He cut his foot. B. He forgot his notes. C. He fought with his friends. 3. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Do housework. B. Collect the kids. C. Drive her to the station. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A job choice. B. Top companies. C. Work experience. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister. C. Husband and wife. 7. What does the man suggest buying for Lily? A. A pair of shorts. B. A pair of sports shoes. C. A pair of running socks. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. How is the woman feeling these days? A. Excited. B. Stressful. C. Relaxed. 9. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Have regular breaks. B. Keep a healthy diet. C. Do more work. 10. What is the woman's attitude to the man's idea? A. Positive. B. Unconcerned. C. Doubtful. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。 11. What does the man like doing in his free time? A. Observing clouds. B. Watching birds. C. Listening to songs. 12. What is the best way to clear his mind according to the man? A. Singing songs. B. Picking up leaves. C. Walking in nature. 13. What does the woman agree to do with the man? A. Take photos. B. Go hiking. C. Plant trees. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the man? A. A teacher. B. A director. C. A host. 15. Which year of senior high school is Anna in now? A. The first year. B. The second year. C. The third year. 16. What did Anna and her friends discuss with their teacher? A. When to meet for the club. B. Where to run the club. C. How to find films. 17. What is the most interesting thing for Anna? A. Watching films. B. Discussing films. C. Buying films. 听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。 18. In how many days has Erchana run 150 marathons? A. 150. B. 160. C. 320. 19. Why did Erchana run the marathons? A. To increase awareness of the risk of extinction. B. To raise money for homeless animals. C. To win a gold medal for her country. 20. What can we learn about Erchana? A. She is honest. B. She is modest. C. She is determined. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A From Milan to Riyadh, these culture-packed cities offer creative experiences, whether through interesting street arts, innovative exhibitions or award-winning architectures. Milan Milan’s fashion heritage dates back to its days as an important trading center, when rich businessmen would bring luxurious clothes to the city and improve their bartering (以物易物) skills in its streets. The area’s fashion-forward reputation was later strengthened by design masters such as Giorgio Armani, Dolce & Gabbana and Versace, all of whom grew their brands here. Shanghai Shanghai has a long history in the fields of art and architecture, and has long attracted creative professionals both domestically and internationally. But today, the integration of traditional temples into the surrounding modern metropolis (大都市) continues to attract tourists. Begin with a wander through the streets of the original Old City, taking in the 600-year-old City God Temple and the nine-bend Jiu Qu Qiao. Then, make for the Shanghai Museum, where more than a million artifacts — including ancient sculptures, china and calligraphy — are on display. Copenhagen Copenhagen’s architecture has been awarded many honors over the years, including UNESCO World Capital of Architecture 2023. Today, many of the city’s most popular tour routes centre on these eye-catching aspects. The harbour-front Copenhagen Opera House presents a neo-futuristic style while the Black Diamond Royal Library and the Bicycle Bridge dot the skyline with their distinctive designs. Riyadh Saudi Arabia’s largest city Riyadh has actively positioned itself as a global destination for creative travellers and to this end, it has established the Riyadh Art initiative. The first public art project of its kind in the country, Riyadh Art aims to transform the city into a “gallery without walls” through public art installations, festivals and workshops. 1. What is Milan famous for? A. Its festivals. B. Its fashion products. C. Its architecture. D. Its modern art. 2. Where will you go if you want to visit the Bicycle Bridge? A. Copenhagen. B. Shanghai. C. Milan. D. Riyadh. 3. What do we know about Riyadh? A It is Saudi Arabia’s second largest city. B. It has a lot of galleries without walls. C. It aims to attract creative visitors. D. It plans to set up the Riyadh Art initiative. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个独具特色建筑的城市。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Milan”下文中的“Milan’s fashion heritage dates back to its days as an important trading center, when rich businessmen would bring luxurious clothes to the city and improve their bartering (以物易物) skills in its streets. The area’s fashion-forward reputation was later strengthened by design masters such as Giorgio Armani, Dolce & Gabbana and Versace, all of whom grew their brands here.”（米兰的时尚遗产可以追溯到它作为一个重要的贸易中心的时代，当时富有的商人会把奢侈的衣服带到这座城市，并在街头提高他们的物物交换技能。后来，乔治·阿玛尼（Giorgio Armani）、杜嘉班纳（Dolce & Gabbana）和范思哲（Dolce & Gabbana）等设计大师在这里创立了自己的品牌，进一步巩固了该地区的时尚前沿声誉。）可知，Milan以其时尚产业而闻名，许多设计大师在这里创立了自己的品牌，进一步巩固了该地区的时尚前沿声誉。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Copenhagen”下文中“The harbour-front Copenhagen Opera House presents a neo-futuristic style while the Black Diamond Royal Library and the Bicycle Bridge dot the skyline with their distinctive designs.”（海港前的哥本哈根歌剧院呈现出新未来主义风格，而黑钻石皇家图书馆（Black Diamond Royal Library）和自行车桥（Bicycle Bridge）则以其独特的设计点缀在天际线上。）可知，如果想要参观Bicycle Bridge可以去Copenhagen。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Riyadh”下文中“Saudi Arabia’s largest city Riyadh has actively positioned itself as a global destination for creative travellers and to this end, it has established the Riyadh Art initiative.”（沙特阿拉伯最大的城市利雅得积极地将自己定位为创意旅行者的全球目的地，为此，它建立了利雅得艺术倡议。）可推知，利雅得希望能吸引全球的创意旅行者。故选C。 B Estefanía Rebellón was once a migrant (流动的) child. She was 10 when her family fled Cali, Colombia, because of death threats to her father, who had been forced into hiding. They settled in Miami. Despite the challenges she faced as a migrant child, she was lucky to have teachers who advocated for her and guided her along the way. Rebellón moved from Miami to Los Angeles when she was 21 to pursue an acting career. In 2018, she was so moved after volunteering in migrant camps in Tijuana that she put her career on hold. “There were no schools set up to help these kids. They were walking around the camps barefoot,” she said. Rebellón and her partner Kyle Schmidt used about $1,000 of their savings to buy tents and supplies and set up a makeshift (临时的) school at the border. They enlisted volunteer teachers to provide learning opportunities in the camps. In the months that followed, when those families living in the camps were moved to shelters, Rebellón and Schmidt wanted to continue offering educational services. “I thought, ‘Why don’t we turn a bus into a mobile classroom, and we could take it to all the different shelters?’” Rebellón said. Over the next year, Rebellón and Schmidt bought and transformed a bus, partnered with shelters, and drove the bus over the border. In 2019, she co-founded the Yes We Can World Foundation, a nonprofit organization that believes every child has the right to education and safe spaces regardless of their location, current legal status or economic background. Rebellón’s organization hires professional teachers and tailors their curriculum (课程) to the specific needs of each student. “The program has been officially approved by the education secretary in Mexico and serves children aged 3 to 15 — a crucial period for education,” Rebellón said. Today, the Yes We Can World Foundation educates 250 — 300 kids a day through its four school locations along the border and three mobile school buses. “Since 2019, the group has served more than 3,100 migrant children from 10 countries,” Rebellón said. 4. What can be learned about Rebellón from the first paragraph? A. She received death threats. B. Her teachers helped her a lot. C. She was forced into hiding. D. Her acting career began early. 5. What did Rebellón realize while volunteering in migrant camps? A. She should value her hard-won life. B. Children could be happy in any environment. C. Migrant kids lacked opportunities for schooling. D. She was lucky to have the ability to help others. 6. Why did Rebellón turn a bus into a classroom? A. To set the scene for her show. B. To realize her childhood dream. C. To give full play to the value of a bus. D. To offer children convenient access to education. 7. What can we say about the impact of the Yes We Can World Foundation? A. It’s far-reaching. B. It’s predictable. C. It’s short-lived. D. It’s unidentifiable. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Estefanía Rebellón如何从一位移民儿童成长为一个致力于帮助其他移民儿童获得教育机会的慈善组织创始人。她通过创立Yes We Can World Foundation，为移民儿童提供教育和安全的空间，无论他们的位置、法律地位或经济背景如何。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Despite the challenges she faced as a migrant child, she was lucky to have teachers who advocated for her and guided her along the way.(尽管作为一名流动儿童，她面临着诸多挑战，但幸运的是，她有老师支持她，并一路指导她。)”可知，Rebellón的老师们给了她很大帮助。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In 2018, she was so moved after volunteering in migrant camps in Tijuana that she put her career on hold. “There were no schools set up to help these kids. They were walking around the camps barefoot,” she said.( 2018年，在Tijuana的移民营地做志愿者后，她非常感动，以至于暂停了自己的职业生涯。“没有学校来帮助这些孩子。他们光着脚在营地里走来走去。”)”可知，Rebellón在难民营做义工时意识到流动儿童缺乏上学的机会。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“In the months that followed, when those families living in the camps were moved to shelters, Rebellón and Schmidt wanted to continue offering educational services.( 在接下来的几个月里，当那些住在难民营的家庭被转移到避难所时，Rebellón 和Schmidt想继续提供教育服务。)”及第四段““I thought, ‘Why don’t we turn a bus into a mobile classroom, and we could take it to all the different shelters?’” Rebellón said. (“我想，‘为什么我们不把一辆公共汽车变成一个移动教室，我们可以把它带到所有不同的避难所?’” Rebellón说。)”可知，Rebellón把公共汽车改成教室是为了给孩子们提供受教育的便利。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today, the Yes We Can World Foundation educates 250—300 kids a day through its four school locations along the border and three mobile school buses.(今天，Yes We Can世界基金会通过在边境的四所学校和三辆流动校车，每天教育250-300名儿童。)”可推断，the Yes We Can World Foundation 通过在边境的四所学校和三辆流动校车，每天教育250-300名儿童，由此带来的影响是深远的。故选A。 C Packaging can play a greater role in keeping produce and other foods fresh, therefore minimizing food waste — especially if consumers can better understand those packaging technologies. That’s among the takeaways of research led by Michigan State University (MSU)’s School of Packaging, detailed in a recently released white paper. In the United States, food waste in landfills doubled from 1990 to 2020, according to data shared by the US Environmental Protection Agency this year. Researchers cited data showing 40% of the food supply is wasted each year, with 43% of that happening at the consumer or household level. Ameripen, the only organization exclusively focused on US public policy for the entire packaging industry, and the Environmental Research & Education Foundation funded research that included a survey of more than 1,000 people in the United States. Ameripen said it wanted to know what role packaging could play in reducing household food waste as well as understand consumer awareness of food packaging’s value and functions. The survey asked consumers about their understanding of packaging forms and willingness to pay more for packaging designed to reduce food waste, among other areas. The study found that whole fruits and vegetables, particularly bananas and lettuce, are the foods most wasted by households, with dairy products, prepared packaged foods and leftovers also common culprits (罪魁祸首). “Half-eaten packaged food products and food without packaging that went bad before it was eaten are the two primary reasons for food waste in American households, indicating there is opportunity for improved packaging design to help consumers with extending shelf life, reuse and size,” the white paper states. Researchers reported that while consumers’ current understanding of packaging technologies was “limited”, they indicated “they would pay more for food contained in packaging that extends freshness and shelf life.” “There’s a need to design packaging for produce that is currently not packaged; that most of the produce in this study was wasted is because there is no packaging at all,” MSU’s Korey Fennel said during the webinar (网络研讨会), also noting the importance of “intelligent packaging” that could indicate the shelf life of food products. 8. What does the underlined word “minimizing” in the first paragraph mean? A. Showing. B. Continuing. C. Recovering. D. Reducing. 9. What does the author intend to do in the second paragraph? A. Summarize the previous paragraph. B. Provide some advice for the readers. C. Add some background information. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion. 10. How did the researchers conduct their study? A. By making observations. B. By asking questions. C. By carrying out experiments. D. By referring to former studies. 11. What is the consumers’ attitude to purchasing packaged food according to the study? A Cautious. B. Unclear. C. Critical. D. Favorable. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了包装技术在减少食物浪费方面的重要性。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Packaging can play a greater role in keeping produce and other foods fresh…(包装在保持农产品和其他食品新鲜方面可以发挥更大的作用……)”以及“food waste(食物浪费)”可知，包装在保持农产品和其他食品新鲜方面发挥着更大的作用，因此包装能够减少食物浪费。由此可知，划线词与D选项“Reducing.(减少)”为同义词。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“In the United States, food waste in landfills doubled from 1990 to 2020, according to data shared by the US Environmental Protection Agency this year. Researchers cited data showing 40% of the food supply is wasted each year, with 43% of that happening at the consumer or household level.( 根据美国环境保护署今年分享的数据，在美国，从1990年到2020年，垃圾填埋场的食物垃圾翻了一番。研究人员引用的数据显示，每年有40%的食物被浪费，其中43%发生在消费者或家庭层面)”可知，第二段通过数据表明美国人浪费食物，即添加一些背景信息。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The survey asked consumers about their understanding of packaging forms and willingness to pay more for packaging designed to reduce food waste, among other areas.(该调查询问了消费者对包装形式的理解，以及他们是否愿意为减少食物浪费的包装支付更多费用)”可知，研究者是通过问消费者问题的方式进行研究的。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Researchers reported that while consumers’ current understanding of packaging technologies was “limited”, they indicated “they would pay more for food contained in packaging that extends freshness and shelf life.”(研究人员报告称，尽管消费者目前对包装技术的了解“有限”，但他们表示，“他们愿意花更多的钱购买包装中能延长食品新鲜度和保质期的食品。”)”可推知，研究中消费者对购买带包装的食品持有的是肯定的态度。故选D。 D Not unlike the wings of airplanes, the blades (叶片) of wind turbines (涡轮机) need to be kept ice-free in order to function properly. Scientists have now developed an inexpensive method of using drones (无人机) to apply an eco-friendly anti-icing coating (涂层) to those blades. If too much ice builds up on wind turbine blades, they will turn more slowly, producing less energy. What’s more, if an equal amount of ice isn’t present on all three blades, the turbine’s balance may be thrown off, leading to increased wear and possibly even disastrous failure. There are anti-icing heating systems that can be built into the blades, but these may be beyond the financial means of many wind farm (风电场) operators. The same can be said for using helicopters to apply ice-prevention chemicals. Seeking a more economical but still effective alternative, scientists from two branches of Germany’s Fraunhofer research group recently started looking to drones. The research project is known as “TURBO: Temporary coating by means of drones — Icing protection of wind turbines as a case study”. In the current version of the resulting system, a hexacopter drone is equipped with a small pump that delivers anti-icing liquid. The liquid is sprayed (喷洒) at high pressure — which is just 0. 3 mm wide — producing tiny droplets with a diameter of 100 micrometers. Using this setup, the drone has successfully been used to apply coatings of the droplets onto the edges of wind turbine blades, even at wind speeds of up to 35 km/h (22 mph). Once solidified (固化/凝固), those coatings prevent ice formation for several weeks before a fresh coating is applied. The scientists are now seeking industry partners to help commercialize (商业化) the TURBO technology. It could also find use in the maintenance (维护) of power lines, the upper levels of tall buildings, or other things that are difficult to reach by conventional means. 12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Problems caused by icing. B. The process of ice formation. C. Disasters brought about by drones. D. The function of wind turbines. 13. Which word can best describe anti-icing heating systems? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Expensive. D. Dangerous. 14. What can we learn about the TURBO technology from the last paragraph? A. It has a wider range of applications. B. It is a relatively traditional approach. C. It can solve the problem once and for all (一劳永逸). D. It is more costly than using ice-prevention chemicals. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Advantages of Using Wind Energy B. Drones Protect Wind Turbines From Icing C. Wind Turbines Remove Ice on Their Own D. A Major Breakthrough in Drone Technology 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家开发了一种使用无人机为风力涡轮机叶片涂抹环保防冰涂层方法。该方法经济有效，可以防止叶片结冰以保证风力涡轮机正常运行。科学家现在正寻求行业合作伙伴帮助商业化该技术，该技术也可用于电力线路、高层建筑顶部或其他难以用传统方式触及的物体的维护。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“If too much ice builds up on wind turbine blades, they will turn more slowly, producing less energy. What’s more, if an equal amount of ice isn’t present on all three blades, the turbine’s balance may be thrown off, leading to increased wear and possibly even disastrous failure.(如果太多的冰积聚在风力涡轮机叶片上，它们就会转得更慢，产生更少的能量。更重要的是，如果三片叶片上没有等量的冰，涡轮机的平衡可能会被打破，导致磨损加剧，甚至可能出现灾难性的故障)”可知，本段主要介绍了风力涡轮机叶片上结冰引发的问题。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“There are anti-icing heating systems that can be built into the blades, but these may be beyond the financial means of many wind farm (风电场) operators.(可以在叶片中安装防冰加热系统，但这可能超出了许多风电场运营商的经济能力)”可知，防冰加热系统太过昂贵(expensive)，许多风电场运营商无法承受，故。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The scientists are now seeking industry partners to help commercialize (商业化) the TURBO technology. It could also find use in the maintenance (维护) of power lines, the upper levels of tall buildings, or other things that are difficult to reach by conventional means.(科学家们现在正在寻找行业合作伙伴，以帮助将TURBO技术商业化。它还可以用于维护电力线、高层建筑的上层，或其他传统手段难以到达的地方)”可知，TURBO技术具有更广泛的应用范围，还可以用于维护电力线、高层建筑的上层，或其他传统手段难以到达的地方。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第段中“Not unlike the wings of airplanes, the blades (叶片) of wind turbines (涡轮机) need to be kept ice-free in order to function properly. Scientists have now developed an inexpensive method of using drones (无人机) to apply an eco-friendly anti-icing coating (涂层) to those blades.(与飞机的机翼不同，风力涡轮机的叶片需要保持无冰状态才能正常工作。科学家们现在已经开发出一种廉价的方法，利用无人机在这些叶片上涂上环保的防冰涂层)”可知，文章介绍了科学家开发了一种使用无人机为风力涡轮机叶片涂抹环保防冰涂层的方法。该方法经济有效，可以防止叶片结冰以保证风力涡轮机正常运行。故“Drones Protect Wind Turbines From Icing(无人机保护风力涡轮机不结冰)”是最佳标题。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题 2. 5分山，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. ____16____. Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track. ____17____. Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day. Exercise early. ____18____. Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise. Keep moving. Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. ____19____. Think out of the box. The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. ____20____ — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents. A. Plan ahead B. Plan out your route before you go C. Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips D. Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health E. Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations F. Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair G. Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了就算在假期很难坚持自己健身计划时，也能帮助自己保持状态的四个方法。 【16题详解】 前文提到“The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals.”（假期可能是一段很难坚持健身目标的时间。）以及后文提到“Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. ”（即使是最自律的人也很难在假期坚持自己的健身计划。）由此判断，该段提到在假期期间坚持健身计划很难，E项“Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations”（你的日程表将被家庭聚会和庆祝活动填满。）该项提到了假期会因为一些活动而影响自己的健身计划。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 【17题详解】 该空处需选择段落小标题。该段提到“Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals.”（计划是确保你不会迷失目标的最好方法。）该段提到如果做好计划的话就可以保证假期内能够正常进行健身锻炼。A项“Plan ahead”（提前计划）该项提到了提前做好计划，引出后文中提前做好计划的好处。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选A。 【18题详解】 该段小标题提到“Exercise early”（早点锻炼）以及后文提到“Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day.”（确保在早上锻炼，这样你就会为高效的一天做好准备。）由此判断，该段提到了在早上锻炼的好处，因此该段段首句应该提到早上锻炼是非常重要的。C项“Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips”（早上锻炼是最重要的建议之一。）该项提到了早上锻炼是这几项建议中最重要的。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。 【19题详解】 前文提到“In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating.”（除了保持活跃，尽量避免长时间坐着，比如在看足球比赛或吃饭的时候。）该段提到了如果要保持健身计划的话就要避免长期坐着。D项提到“Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health”（记住：久坐对你的健康有害。）该项提到了长时间坐着对于健康的伤害。该项符合文意，起到总结上文的作用。故选D。 【20题详解】 前文提到“The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity.”（假期是忙碌的，但当涉及到体育锻炼时，你要尽你最大的努力避免“要么全部要么没有”的心态。），以及后文提到“—like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.”（比如在打开圣诞礼物前全家在附近散步。）该段提到可以抓住一切机会来进行运动，F项“Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair”（创造性地锻炼身体，让体育活动成为一项家庭活动）该项提到哪怕只是家庭一起进行的活动也能成为锻炼身体的好机会，同时该项也满足该段小标题“Think out of the box”（跳出思维定式）的段落大意。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT. She is conducting her research on brain diseases that ____21____ the minds of millions of people worldwide. Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early ____22____. Her courage as a researcher comes from her ____23____, who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by ____24____ to fund her own education. Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father ____25____ her interest in engineering. Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his ____26____, fashioning devices to make home life more ___27___, including an electricity-free washing machine. “That got me very ____28____ in science and technology.” Sarkar says. After ____29____ a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad, Sarkar _____30_____ California to study nanoclectronics. There, she tested new ways to _____31_____ nanodevices that could reduce the amount of _____32_____ consumed by computers and other everyday electronics. _____33_____, she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice. Along the way, Sarkar became fascinated with the _____34_____, which she calls “the lowest energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains. “Our brains are _____35_____, but we could be better than what we are.” she says. 21. A. enrich B. read C. affect D. poison 22. A. birds B. researchers C. failures D. inspirations 23. A. aunt B. mother C. sister D. grandmother 24. A. working B. pretending C. refusing D. waiting 25. A. protected B. switched C. stimulated D. supported 26. A. job B. holiday C. discomfort D. passion 27. A. complex B. convenient C. peaceful D. meaningful 28. A. interested B. honest C. lucky D. disappointed 29. A. starting B. carning C. needing D. introducing 30. A. adapted to B. related to C. headed to D. belonged to 31. A. create B. fix C. operate D. sell 32. A. water B. money C. power D. time 33. A. Unfortunately B. Immediately C. Obviously D. Eventually 34. A. computer B. brain C. exercise D. fashion 35. A. empty B. busy C. relaxed D. remarkable 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是纳米技术专家萨卡尔的成长经历以及所取得的成就。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她正在研究影响全世界数百万人思想脑部疾病。A. enrich使丰富；B. read阅读；C. affect影响；D. poison毒害。根据常识和下文中的“She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains.”可知，她希望把纳米装置放在人类神经元之间，以提高我们大脑处理器的计算速度，由此可推断，她现在从事的研究应该会“影响”全世界数百万人思维的大脑疾病。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔出生于印度加尔各答，她认为父母是她早年的灵感来源。A. birds鸟；B. researchers研究者；C. failures失败；D. inspirations灵感。根据下文中的“Her courage as a researcher comes from her ____3____ , who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by ____4____ to fund her own education.”以及“Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father ____5____ her interest in engineering.”可知，她母亲打破常规为她提供教育基金，而她的父亲让她对工程学产生兴趣，由此可推断，此处指的是她认为她早年的“灵感”源自于父母。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她作为研究人员的勇气来自于她的母亲，她年轻时违背了她所在村庄的社会规范，努力为自己的教育提供资金。A. aunt姑妈；B. mother母亲；C. sister姐妹；D. grandmother祖母。根据上文中的“Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early ____2____ .” 可知，她认为她早年的灵感源自于父母，结合下文中的“who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by ____4____ to fund her own education.”可知，此处介绍的是意为女性，由此可知，此处指的是她作为研究人员的勇气来与她的“母亲”符合语境。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她作为研究人员的勇气来自于她的母亲，她年轻时违背了她所在村庄的社会规范，努力为自己的教育提供资金。A. working工作；B. pretending假装；C. refusing拒绝；D. waiting等待。根据下文中的“to fund her own education.”可知，母亲要为她获取教育基金，所以此处指的是“工作”符合语境。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，萨卡尔的父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣。A. protected保护；B. switched改变，转变；C. stimulated刺激；D. supported支持。根据上文中的“Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early ____2____ .”可知，她认为她早年的灵感源自于父母，所以此处应指的是她的父亲“激发”了她对工程学的兴趣。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔回忆说，她的父亲为自己的爱好腾出时间，设计各种设备，使家庭生活更方便，包括一台无电洗衣机。A. job工作；B. holiday假期；C. discomfort不适；D. passion激情。根据上文中的“Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father ____5____ her interest in engineering.”可知，父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣，所以此处指的是萨卡尔回忆父亲是如何让她对工程学产生兴趣的，所以此处指的是“爱好”符合语境。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔回忆说，她的父亲为自己的激情找时间，设计各种设备，使家庭生活更方便，包括一台无电洗衣机。A. complex复杂的；B. convenient方便的；C. peaceful平静的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据下文中的“including an electricity-free washing machine.”可知，父亲设计了很多设备，包括一台误点洗衣机，由此可推断，此处指的是设计的这些设备能是家庭生活“方便”。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这让我对科学技术产生了浓厚的兴趣。”Sarkar说。A. interested感兴趣的；B. honest诚实的；C. lucky幸运的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文中的“Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father ____5____ her interest in engineering.”可知，父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣，所以此处指的是萨卡尔回忆父亲是如何让她对工程学 “感兴趣的”。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔从印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，前往加州学习纳米电子学。A. starting开始；B. earning获得；C. needing需要；D. introducing介绍。根据常识和下文中的“Sarkar ____10____ California to study nanoclectronics.”可知，萨卡尔去加州学习纳米电子学，由此可推断，萨卡尔应该是从印度理工学院“获得”电气工程学士学位后。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔从印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，前往加州学习纳米电子学。A. adapted to适应；B. related to相关；C. headed to朝……前进；D. belonged to属于。根据上文中的“After ____9____ a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad,”可知，萨卡尔在印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，结合下文中的“California to study nanoclectronics.”可知，她去了加州学习纳米电子学，所以此处应为“前往”符合语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她测试了制造纳米器件的新方法，这些纳米器件可以减少计算机和其它日常电子产品的耗电量。A. create创造；B. fix修理；C. operate操作；D. sell售卖。根据上文中的“There, she tested new ways”可知，萨卡尔在加州测试新方法，由此可推断，此处应为“制造”纳米器件，符合语境。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她测试了制造纳米器件的新方法，这些纳米器件可以减少计算机和其它日常电子产品的耗电量。A. water水；B. money金钱；C. power电；D. time时间。根据常识和下文中的“consumed by computers and other everyday electronics.”可知，电脑和其他的电子产品应该是耗电的，所以此处指的是制造出可以减少计算机和其他日常电子产品的消耗的“电”量。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她通过开发一种出色的纳米器件取得了突破。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Immediately立刻；C. Obviously显而易见地；D. Eventually最终。根据语境以及下文中的“she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice.”可知，她开发了一种出色的纳米器件取得了突破，由此可知，此处应是经过不懈努力后，“最终”取得突破。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此过程中，萨卡尔开始对大脑着迷，她称之为“最低能量的计算机”。A. computer电脑；B. brain大脑；C. exercise练习；D. fashion时尚。根据下文中的“She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains.”可知，她希望把纳米装置放在人类神经元之间，以提高我们大脑处理器的计算速度，以及空后的“which she calls “the lowest energy computer””可知，被成为“最低能量的计算机”应该是大脑，所以，此处指的是她开始对“大脑”感兴趣。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们的大脑是非凡的，但我们可以做得更好。”她说。A. empty空的；B. busy忙的；C. relaxed放松的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据常识和下文中的“but we could be better than what we are.”可知，我们可以比我们现在做的更好，由此可知，我们的大脑应是“非凡的”符合语境。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The “Understanding Contemporary China” Foreign Language Contests were held in Beijing from December 4 to 8． Nearly one million college students from more than 1,300 universities participated , with about 2,500 ____36____ (enter) the national final. The contests aimed to ____37____ (deep) college students’ understanding of China, enhance their linguistic (语言的) abilities and intercultural communication ____38____ (competent), and provide a platform for them to tell China’s stories well. The champion of the English group ____39____ (determine) through a simulated (模拟的) “Global Youth Summit”. Three contestants discussed ____40____ (topic) including cultural diversity and the future development of mankind with Xinhua News Agency’s reporter Simon Keith Robinson, ____41____ tested their knowledge and ability to handle diverse subjects. Xu Chengcheng, from Beijing Foreign Studies University, won ____42____ national championship of the International Communication Contest. She demonstrated a high-level of English proficiency(熟练)and strong communication skills in the prepared speech ____43____ the Global Youth Summit session(会议). A special session of “Multilingual Champions Showcase” was part ____44____ the closing ceremony, where champions used their foreign language skills _____45_____ (share) stories about their understanding of China and communication with the world, showcasing youthful insights. 【答案】36. entering 37. deepen 38. competence 39. was determined 40. topics 41. which 42. the 43. and 44. of 45. to share 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了“理解当代中国”外语比赛于12月4日至8日在北京举行。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：来自1300多所大学的近100万名大学生参加了比赛，其中约2500人进入了全国决赛。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词，about 2,500和enter为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填entering。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些比赛旨在加深大学生对中国的了解，提高他们的语言能力和跨文化交际能力，并为他们提供一个讲好中国故事的平台。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“打算做某事”。故填deepen。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处需填不可数名词competence，作宾语。故填competence。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：英语组的冠军是通过模拟“全球青年峰会”决出的。结合下文的“discussed”可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语The champion of the English group，是单数形式，且与determine为被动关系，需用被动语态，be动词用was。故填was determined。 【40题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：三位选手与新华社记者西蒙·基思·罗宾逊讨论了文化多样性和人类未来发展等话题，测试了他们处理不同话题的知识和能力。空处需填名词topic，作宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填topics。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：来自北京外国语大学的徐成成同学获得了国际交流大赛的全国冠军。此处对“national championship of the International Communication Contest”进行特指，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：在准备好的演讲和全球青年峰会上，她展示了高水平的英语水平和良好的沟通能力。the prepared speech和the Global Youth Summit session为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：闭幕式上还有一个特别的“多语种冠军展示”环节，冠军们用他们的外语技能分享了他们对中国的了解以及与世界交流的故事，展示了他们年轻的见解。part of为固定搭配，意为“部分的”。故填of。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”。故填to share。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 为丰富学生们的课外生活，你校将举办以 “Traditional Chinese Drama” 为主题的展览。请你代表学生会用英语写一则通知，内容包括： 1. 展览时间、地点； 2. 展览内容、意义； 3. 鼓励学生参展。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 【答案】One possible version: Notice To enrich our extra-curricular activities, our school will hold an exhibition themed on “Traditional Chinese Drama” in the dining hall from 8: 00 am to 5: 00 pm this Saturday. As scheduled, it covers various exhibits concerning Peking Opera, Kunqu and Yu Opera, etc, which represent the unique charm of Chinese drama. Through the exhibition, not only can we know more about diverse performances of drama, but we can also gain a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture, thus spreading it to the world. Looking forward to your coming. The Student Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一则书面通知，告知同学们学校将举办以 “Traditional Chinese Drama”为主题的展览。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样的：various→all kinds of/a variety of 获得：gain→obtain 魅力：charm→glamour→fascination 因此：thus→therefore→as a result 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To enrich our extra-curricular activities, our school will hold an exhibition themed on “Traditional Chinese Drama” in the dining hall from 8: 00 am to 5: 00 pm this Saturday. 拓展句：To enrich our extra-curricular activities, our school will hold an exhibition which is themed on “Traditional Chinese Drama” in the dining hall from 8: 00 am to 5: 00 pm this Saturday. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As scheduled, it covers various exhibits concerning Peking Opera, Kunqu and Yu Opera, etc, which represent the unique charm of Chinese drama. (运用了状语从句的省略和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Through the exhibition, not only can we know more about diverse performances of drama, but we can also gain a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture, thus spreading it to the world. (运用了部分倒装和现在分词短语作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Once, a small village farmer had the misfortune of owing a large sum of money to a village money lender. The money lender was old, unmarried and fancied of marrying the farmer’s beautiful daughter. One day, the farmer went to the money lender to ask him for some more time to return the loan. The money lender pretended to be angry for a while and then proposed a bargain (交易). The money lender said that if the farmer could not repay his debt, he would be punished or he had an option to let him marry his daughter and all his debt would be forgiven. Both the farmer and his daughter were frightened by the proposal. There was no way the farmer could pay back the money soon but he did not want his beautiful daughter to marry the old and cruel money lender. In an attempt to persuade the farmer to accept his deal, the tricky money lender made an attractive condition in deciding the fate (命运) of the father and daughter. He would keep a black and a white pebble (鹅卵石) in a bag. The girl then had to choose a pebble which would decide her fate. If she picked the black pebble, she would have to marry the money lender and her father’s debt would be forgiven. If she picked the white pebble, she did not need to marry the money lender and her father’s debt would still be forgiven. If she refused to pick the pebble, the farmer would be thrown into prison. They were standing on a path filled with pebbles. The money lender even called the nearby villagers to witness the event, so that no party could walk away from their words. The money lender bent over, picked two pebbles and kept them in a money bag. The sharp-eyed girl noticed that he had picked two black pebbles instead of a black and a white. He then asked the girl to pick a pebble from the bag. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The girl was confused about what to do. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The money lender dared not admit his dishonesty in front of the villagers. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The girl was confused about what to do. She knew that she was being cheated by the money lender. She thought for a while and then put her hand into the money bag and drew out a pebble. Without looking or showing it to anyone, she fumbled and let it fall into the pebble-strewn path where it got lost among the other pebbles. “Oh, I am sorry, how clumsy of me,” she said sadly. “But never mind, if you look into the bag for the one that is left, we will know which pebble I picked.” The money lender dared not admit his dishonesty in front of the villagers. The black pebble in the bag made it look like the girl had chosen the white pebble. She did not have to marry the old money lender and her father’s debt was waived. The villagers were there to witness the whole event, which forced the money lender to keep his word. The girl changed a seemingly impossible situation into an extremely advantageous and positive one. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了农夫因欠钱庄主一大笔钱而面临困境，钱庄主提出让农夫的女儿嫁给他以抵消债务的无理要求，并设计了一个通过选择鹅卵石来决定命运的游戏，但农夫的女儿发现钱庄主作弊，放了两颗黑鹅卵石在袋子里的故事。幸运的是，农夫的女儿非常机智，发现了钱庄主的阴谋，并巧妙地应对了这个局面。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“女孩不知道该怎么办。”可知，第一段可描写农夫的女儿非常机智，识破查钱庄主的阴谋，拿出一块鹅卵石并故意弄掉鹅卵石。 ②由第二段首句内容“放债人不敢在村民面前承认自己的不诚实。”可知，第二段可描写钱庄主被迫信守诺言，女孩巧妙化解危机。 2.续写线索：女孩思考怎么办——拿出一块鹅卵石并弄掉鹅卵石——破解查钱庄主的阴谋——钱庄主被迫信守诺言——化解危机 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①欺骗：cheat/trick/fool ②选择：choose/select ③信守诺言：keep one’s word/keep one’s promise 情绪类 ①伤心地：sadly/sorrowfully/unhappily ②积极的：positive/constructive 【点睛】[高分句型1]She knew that she was being cheated by the money lender. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]The villagers were there to witness the whole event, which forced the money lender to keep his word. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 听力1~5 BABCA 6~10 CBBAC 11~15 ACBCC 16~20 ABAAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$