如何做句法填空课件-2024-2025学年初高中英语衔接语法复习专项

初升高语法专题--如何做句法填空 1 目 录 设题特点 解题技巧 解题步骤 实战演练 设题特点 第一部分 1.短文特点 短文长度一般在200个词左右。从考题的语法考查内容及题目的设计可以看出，考查的都是最基本的语法知识，设计也比较直接，没有过多的陷阱。 添加您的标题 添加您的标题 添加您的标题 2.设空特点 （1)没有提示：对虚词即冠词、介词、代词和连词等的考查，无须给出提示。主要涉及知识点：冠词、介词、代词、并列主从复合句、特殊句式、固定搭配与词组等的用法。 （2)适当提示：对实词如名词、动词、形容词、副词等的考查要给出提示，即给出该实词的原形。主要涉及知识点：词（单复数）；数词（基数词、序数词）；动词（时态、语态、虚拟语气、情态动词、主谓一致、非谓语动词）；形容词和副词（比较级／最高级）；构词法（词性转换）等。 注意：有提示词时，则空中可以填多个词（但不能 超过3个），无提示词时，则空中只能填一个词。 解题步骤 第二部分 根据语义, 确定词形 分析句子,确定词性 解题四步走 提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据 通读全文,理解大意 总结提升 检查搭配, 前后连贯 解题步骤： 解题技巧 第三部分 Group Work 讨论归纳 句法填空要求根据上下文填入一个动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.) 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 句法填空题—空格设计 纯空格 介词，连词，代词，冠词， 从句引导词，情态动词， 助动词等 有提示词 谓语动词，非谓语动词， 名词，形容词，副词， 形容词或副词的比较级或最高级 9 9 3.The little boy pulled [33]________ right hand out of the pocket … 冠词或(物主)代词 1. There once was a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed [40]__________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]________ shy , nervous perfectionist. the a his 考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词, 物主代词的用法 讨论归纳 ★ 无提示词的解题技巧 归纳总结： 如果句子基本结构完整，空格后面是名词（尤其是单数名词），前面无限定词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词(a/the)、不定代词(any, no, some, all, every….)和形容词性物主代词(my, her, their, its…)，名词所有格等进行修饰。 连词或从句引导词 两个主谓结构连接 1. It was not long [39]_________ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw. 2. Office workers tried to put out the fire, ____ it was impossible to control it. before 讨论归纳 but Teachers should take advantage of the many methods ________ can help them learn about their students. Then he returned to Russia to work with his father and mother, _____ worked on weapons. who which/that 归纳总结： 1从句子结构考虑，如果空格前后都有句子。则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的连词。 表原因：because, for ,since 等 表结果：so, therefore ,hence, thus 等 表递进：further, furthermore, moreover, in addition 等 表转折：but, nevertheless, however,yet, While ,althouhgh,though等 2.如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有分号或句也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从属连词 that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why (引导定语从句) that, whether, if, whose, which, who, what, when, where, how, why (引导名词性从句) when, before, after, until, while, because, so, if, unless, although, as (引导状语从句) and ,or but (连接并列句） 介词 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语,表语等 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语 1. In short, I believe that it is [39]__________ great use to keep a dairy in English… 2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]_________the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. of at 考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配 讨论归纳 归纳总结 介词可位于名词之前 如：at night ,on Sunday 也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in ,be good at 还可位于不及物动词之后，如 listen to ,arrive at ,look for ★ 有提示词的解题技巧 分析句子结构 上下文语境 谓语动词（时态和语态） 非谓语动词 名词，形容词，副词， 形容词或副词的比较级或最高级 有提示词 18 18 　　对于学英语，同学们感到最头痛就是写书面表达。平时有些同学问到，考试时，写出的书面表达要点齐全，表达也正确，可就是不知道为什么打不上高分。是啊，为什么呢？今天，我们就这个问题，谈谈增强书面表达效果的技巧。首先来看2003年高考英语书面表达的评分标准： （第五档的内容） 动词 给出的提示词为动词时，我们应首先分析句子结构，判断该动词在句中是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，或者是否需要转换词性等，然后再具体解题。 谓语动词 有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构 1. I was certain she would like it because I [39] _______ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. 2. His fear of failure [36]__________ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. was told kept 考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致 讨论归纳 技巧1① ：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。 例 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _________(close) my book and walked away. closed 21 21 非谓语动词 有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式 1. We must also consider the reaction of the person [32]__________ (receive) the gift. 2. …I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left ____________ (complete) the rest! 3. My pupils, Donnie [40]__________ (include), adored her. receiving to complete included 考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用 讨论归纳 技巧2 ：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用 doing形式，done形式，还是 to do 形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间 的关系。 23 23 例1. …… but it is not enough only ______________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. to memorize 例2. ……_________(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…… Speaking 注意 ：作主语或宾语时，通常用doing / being done形式表示习惯或一般情况； 用to do / to be done形式表示具体情况或将来；作状语用having done / having been done表示已发生。 24 24 例3.…… ____________(complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. To complete 例5. Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _____________(success.) to succeed 注意 ：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用to do形式。 例4. The young student did all that he could ______ (pass)the examinations. to pass 25 25 词性转换 有提示词 介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词 修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个 句子 1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]__________ (rude). 2. One of the [33]__________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher… 3. As far as I am concerned, my [37] ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. rudely worst suggestion 考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化 讨论归纳 实战演练 第四部分 真题解析 (2019.全国卷II) A 90-year-old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for   1 ____ （be）Britain's oldest full-time employee —still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,   2_____  she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have   3______  （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. being which finally Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene   4____  （declare） she had no plans   5 _____ （retire） from her 3-year-old business. Irene said, "I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I  6_____  （make） over the years. I work not because I have to, 7____  because I want to." declared to retire have made but Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business — said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, "We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call   8____  （say） she was short-listed, we thought it was   9_____  joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 10_____  (wonder）.” saying a wonderful $$