Unit5不定式课件2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册

①形式 动词不定式Infinitives 带to的不定式，即to+动词原形； [ask sb. to do sth.] 2. 不带to的不定式，即动词原形。 【make sb. do sth.】 Grammar 否定：其否定式是not to do 特征：动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，没有人称和数的变化 含义：去…（做某事） [ask sb. not to do sth.] 1. 不定式：to+动词原形（无人称和数的变化） 2. 宾语（动作的承受者I love you.） 词性：名词，动词，形容词，副词，介词，连词等。 句子成分：根据单词在句子中所做的成分：主语，谓语，宾语，定语，表语，状语等。 宾语由什么词来充当？ 动词不定式做宾语的用法 宾语由名词，代词，v-ing，to do，从句来充当。（当代词是人称代词时，用宾格） 3. 宾语分类： a. 动词宾语（动词为及物动词）：放在动词后面的宾语（名词，代词，v-ing，to do，从句） I want apples. b. 介词宾语：放在介词后面的宾语 动词不定式做宾语的用法 介词：at/in/on/about/for/with/of/by… in China at Chengwu 4. to do（不定式）可以做动词的宾语（want to do, decide to do…）,一般不直接做介词的宾语，是否任何一个动词后面都可以跟to do做宾语？ 常见跟动词不定式（to do）做宾语的动词： 想要 ______ 期望 ______ 希望 _______ 计划 ______ 决定 ______ 开始 _______ 开始 ______ 尝试 ______like/love want expect hope plan decide begin start try to do与动词关系：to do做动词宾语 想要 ______ 期望 ______ 希望 _______ 计划 ______ 决定 ______ 开始 _______ 喜欢/爱_____ 尝试 ______ 选择 _______ 学习/学会_____ 需要 _____ 忘记 ______ 记得______ want would like expect hope plan decide begin/start like/love try 常见的跟动词不定式（to do）做宾语的动词： choose learn need forget remember 计划做某事 plan to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 常见的跟sb. to do的动词： want sb. to do sth. would like sb. to do sth. need sb. to do sth. ask sb. to do sth. tell sb. to do sth. expect sb. to do sth. want sb. not to do sth. would like sb. not to do sth. need sb. not to do sth. ask sb. not to do sth. tell sb. not to do sth. expect sb. not to do sth. 省略to的不定式 有些动词后面跟动词不定式时, 应将不定式符号to省去。这样的动词可以归纳为： 一感(feel)，二听(hear, listen to)，三让(let, make, have)，四看(see, watch, look at, notice)，半帮助(help) 听到某人做某事 hear sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 let/make sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 感觉到某人正在做某事 feel sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事 hear/listen to sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 see/watch/look at/notice sb. doing sth. The funny joke makes us laugh. I saw her clean the classroom. I hear him sing every night. We saw her play the piano last night. It made me feel sad. 6. Let him go, please. 省略“to”的动词不定式 What do you want to do this weekend? Mary likes to play the piano after school. Jenny decided to make a dress for herself. 找一找：宾语（动词和介词/名词，代词，to do, ving…) e.g. Jack wants to buy some flowers for Mr. Wu. 杰克想给吴老师买些花。 动词不定式做宾语的用法 有些动词后面既可以跟动词不定式做宾语，又可以跟ving做宾语，意义区别不大。 like to do/like doing love to do/love doing start to do/start doing 动词不定式做宾语的用法 stop，forget，remember，try等动词后面既可接to do，也可接doing形式作宾语，但所表达的意思不同。 记得要做某事（事情还没做） 记得做过某事（事情已经做了） 忘记要做某事（事情还没做） 忘记做过某事（事情已经做了） 努力做某事 尝试做某事 停下来去做某事（另外一件事） 停下正在做的事（同一件事） remember to do sth. remember doing sth. forget to do sth. forget doing sth. try to do sth. try doing sth. stop to do sth. stop doing sth. 动词stop,remeber,forget,try等既可接动词不定式又可接动词的­ing形式作宾语，意义差别较大 He stops to study. 他停下来，去学习。 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 有些动词既可接动词不定式作宾语，也可接动词-ing作宾语，但两者的意思大不相同。 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 Let’s stop to help the old man. 我们停下来帮助这位老人吧。 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 The bell rang and the students stopped talking. 铃响了，学生们停止了交谈。 remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 Please remember to post the letters. 请记得寄这几封信。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 I remember posting your letters. 我记得寄出了你的信。 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 I forgot to go to the post office. 我忘了去邮局。 forget doing sth. 记忆做过某事 I forgot going to the post office. 我忘了去过邮局了。 try to do sth. 设法做某事； 努力做某事 Try to be nice to him. 要尽量对他友好。 try doing sth. 试着做某事 Try being nice to him. 试着对他友好。 1. Please stop_______and go out for a walk. Remember _____ warm clothes. A.to study;wearing B.studying;to wear C.to study;to wear D.studying;wearing 2.The baby stopped _____ and _____the music. A. crying; to listen B. to cry; listened to C. crying; to listen to D. to cry; listen to 3. Lisa often forgets _____ the door, but she remembered _____ it when she left yesterday. A. closing; close        B. to close; close C. closing; to close      D. to close; closing B C D 有些动词后面既可以跟动词不定式做宾语，又可以跟ving做宾语，但意义有明显不同。 forget to do/forget doing remember to do/remember doing try to do/try doing 动词不定式做宾语的用法 跟doing的动词 practice doing enjoy doing mind doing stand doing finish doing keep doing等 To do/Doing做主语 Walking is good for us. To walk is good for us. =It is good for us to walk. It is+形容词for sb. to do sth. 疑问词+to do I know where to find the boy. The question is how to learn English well. be+形容词(表情绪)+to do(表原因) I am happy to see you. I am sorry to hear that. to do作目的状语 To get there, I… They make rules to help us. to do作结果状语 He is too excited to say a word. He is old enough to dress himself. 主语+be+to do The most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. My dream is to be a doctor. to do作后置定语 something to eat a good place/way to do sth. the best way to do sth. the best place to do sth. 1. She expects ________ (arrive) tomorrow. 2. Let’s _______ (watch) talk shows tonight. 3. They hope _______ (visit) the Great Wall next year. 4. Do you plan ______ (find) a part-time job? 5. When do you want _____ (go) swimming? 6. My uncle often helps me _____ (learn) English. to find to go to visit watch learn 用动词的适当形式填空。 to arrive $$