内容正文:
初中英语语法-时态6(过去完成时)的用法同步练习过去已经完成
将来
现在
过去
过去完成时(had done)
表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作,对过去的某一点造成的某种概念
影响或是结果。
主语+助动词 had + 动词过去分词结构
l) She had not gone home. 她还没有回家。
2)Had you finished your homework? 你已经完成作业了吗?例句
Yes, I had. 是的,我完成了。 No, I hadn‘t. 不,我没有。
一、单词拼写
写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词
1.see ______ _______
2.send ______ ______
3.be ______ _______
4.make ______ ______
5.go ______ _______
6.have ______ _______
7.travel ______ _______
8.begin ______ _______
9.learn ______ _______
10.dream ______ _______
11.By the time I got to the cinema, all the tickets (卖光了).
12.By the time I got there, the officer had (取消) the costume party.
13.By the time I went into the classroom, the final bell (响了).
14.When I got to the station, I (意识到) I (忘) my ticket at home.
15.When Tim get back home, he started to realize that the thief (come) to his house.
16.By the time I got to class, the teacher (start) teaching.
17.By the time I received the letter, I (tell) the content of it.
18.When he got to the cinema, the movie already (begin).
19.After he (finish) his homework, he went to school.
20.He was so tired that he forgot he had (放置) his books on the teacher’s desk.
二、完成句子
21.By the time she got up, her mother had gone to work. (对画线部分提问)
her mother done by the time she got up?
22.By the time I arrived, Tom had finished doing the work.(对画线部分提问)
What Tom by the time you arrived?
23.发现弄丢了宠物狗,那个男孩立刻向过路人求助。
Finding that he had his pet dog, the boy asked the passers-by for help.
24.我到公交车站牌之前,公交车已经离开了。
Before I the bus stop, the bus already .
25.当我妈妈从市场回来时,我已经冲出门去上钢琴课了。
By the time my mother came back from the market, I already of the door to go to my piano lesson.
26.当我到达学校时,我意识到我把背包落在家里了。
I got to school, I that I my backpack at home.
27.等到警方宣布这个故事是一个恶作剧的时候,数以千计的人已经离开了他们的家园。
By the time police officers that the story was a hoax, people their homes.
28.her new iPhone, because, looked upset, had lost, Angela, she (连词成句)
.
29.that I realized left had at my backpack home I
.
30.we, been, the, sold, there, out, before, had, tickets, got(.)
.
31.eaten, at, a, breakfast, we, huge, hotel, the, had (连词成句)
.
32.Linda had finished homework before I called her. (对画线部分提问)
Linda homework?
33.said, he, Li Ming, written, had, e-mails, three
.
34.By the time I got up, my sister had taken a shower.(就划线部分提问)
your sister done by the time you got up?
35.By the time I got up, my brother had gone to work by taxi.(就划线部分提问)
your brother gone to work by the time you got up?
三、单项选择
36.We were told that Tom’s hometown ________ greatly in the past five years.
A.has changed B.had changed C.will change D.would change
37.By the time Jack was fourteen years old, he ________ a story book on his own.
A.would publish B.has published C.published D.had published
38.Before the astronauts flew up into space, they ________ for thousands of hours to make sure that no mistakes would happen.
A.had trained B.trained C.have trained D.was training
39.Luckily, the rain ________ by the time we reached the foot of the hill.
A.stops B.stopped C.has stopped D.had stopped
40.By the end of last year, we ________ more than 2,000 words.
A.learn B.learned C.have learned D.had learned
41.We got there too late. The old man ________ his bike to others.
A.is selling B.has sold C.sells D.had sold
42.When I got to the train station, the train __________.
A.left B.has left C.had left D.was left
43.When we arrived at theatre, the play ________ for ten minutes.
A.begun B.had started C.had been D.had been on
44.—Did you see Jack at the party?
—No, he ________ by the time I ________ there.
A.was leaving; got B.left; had got C.had left; got
45.—Were you in time for the film yesterday?
—No, we were late. It ________ when I ________ to the cinema.
A.has begun; get B.had begun; got
C.would begin; got D.has been on; get
46.During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________.
A.would recommend B.had recommended
C.have recommended D.were recommending
47.Chris told Stacie that he _________ what he was doing during the vacation.
A.was just asked B.was just asking C.just asked D.had just been asked
48.What bad luck! When I got to school, I realized that I ________ my backpack at home.
A.left B.was left C.have left D.had left
49.By the end of last year, Jenny ________ New Concept English for three years.
A.learned B.has learned C.had learned D.will learn
50.The house ________ at the foot of a hill. When we arrived, the old man had ________ snacks out on the table.
A.lies; laid B.lays; lied C.lies; lay D.lays; lay
51.When I got up, my parents had already gone out and they hadn’t ________ me a note.
A.given B.leave C.shown D.left
52.By the end of last year they ________ thousands of orange trees on the mountains.
A.had planted B.have planted C.were planting D.would plant
53.The match ________ already ________ when we ________ there.
A.has; begun; get B.will; start; get C.had; started; got D.have; get; reach
54.By the time I got to school, Mr. Wang ______ teaching.
A.started B.has started
C.was starting D.had started
55.By the time I got to school, I realized I ________ my key at home.
A.have left B.had left C.would left D.left
56.—What happened to you last night?
—We were stuck in the heavy traffic, and by the time we arrived at the restaurant, it ________.
A.has been closed B.was closed C.is closed D.had been closed
57.—What happened to John this morning?
—By the time he got to school, the teacher _______ the math homework. He missed it .
A.collects B.collected C.had collected
58.By the time I got to the cinema, the film ________ on for half an hour.
A.has been B.had begun C.had been D.has begun
59.I heard great changes ________ in our school.
A.had taken place B.took place C.take place D.have taken place
60.When I got to the airport, I was told that the plane ________ a few minutes before.
A.had taken off B.was taken off C.took off
61.When I got to the bus stop, the bus ________ already ________ for 5 minutes.
A.had, left B.has, been away C.had, been away
62.He told me that he ________ his homework at home.
A.has forgotten B.had forgotten C.has left D.had left
63.By the time of last year, she ________ the French for five years.
A.learnt B.has learnt C.had learnt D.was learnt
64.When they got to the station, the bus ________ already ________.
A.has, left B.left, / C.had, left D.was, leaving
65.Catherine said that she ________ to Guangzhou.
A.has never gone B.had never gone
C.has never been D.had never been
66.When I got home, I realized I ________ my keys in the classroom.
A.left B.leave C.have left D.had left
67.By the end of last month they ________ thousands of apple trees on the mountain.
A.have planted B.had planted C.planted D.would plant
68.Han Mei ________ to the Great Wall twice before she went to university.
A.has been B.had been C.was D.is
69.We ________ to tell Candy the good news, but we found that she wasn’t in.
A.mean B.have meant C.had meant D.meant
70.It was the first time that we ________ for our parents.
A.cooked B.were cooking C.have cooked D.had cooked
71.Li Lei ________ about 1, 500 English words by the end of last term. He is hardworking.
A.learns B.learned C.has learned D.had learned
72.By the time Roy walked into the classroom, the teacher ________ teaching already.
A.started B.would start C.starts D.had started
73.When I got to school, I realized that I ________ my math book at home.
A.left B.were leaving C.had left D.leave
74.The plane ________ when we got to the airport.
A.is taking off B.had taken off C.has taken off D.will take off
75.By the time I rushed into the cinema, the movie ________ for half an hour.
A.had begun B.began C.was on D.had been on
76.The little girl couldn’t help crying because she ________ a nucleic acid testing.
A.has never had B.had never had C.didn’t have D.never had
77.He ________ films in Asia for more than twenty years by the time he arrived in America.
A.had made B.has made C.made D.would make
78.—It’s 10 o’clock now. Why are you so late, Jenny?
—Sorry, Mom. By the time I got to the bus stop, the last bus ________. So I had to walk home.
A.has left B.had left C.will leave D.would leave
79.When we got to the theatre, the play ________ for half an hour.
A.has started B.had started C.had been on D.has been on
80.Suddenly, I realized that I ________ my umbrella on the bus.
A.forgot B.had left C.had forgotten D.left
81.The film “Interstellar” ________ for half an hour when she entered the cinema.
A.has begun B.had begun C.have been on D.had been on
82.Gary was told that the film ________ for a quarter.
A.began B.had begun C.had been on D.has been on
83.The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _______.
A.was booked B.had been booked C.were booked D.have been booked
84.Till this morning, I realized I ________ my key in the car.
A.forget B.had left C.had forgotten D.leave
85.By the end of last week, the student ________ reading two-thirds of the book.
A.finished B.was finishing C.has finished D.had finished
86.The books were in a mess because the librarian ________ them for weeks.
A.doesn’t organize B.didn’t organize C.hasn’t organized D.hadn’t organized
87.By the time I got home, Mom ________ my favorite food out on the table.
A.laid B.is laying C.lays D.had laid
88.After the children ________ the window with the football, they ran away from the scene.
A.break down B.were breaking down
C.had broken down D.have broken down
89.Last weekend I saw my cousin. We ________ each other for 2 years, so we chatted a lot.
A.haven’t met B.didn’t meet
C.wouldn’t meet D.hadn’t met
90.By the end of last year, Kevin ________ in Shanghai for ten years.
A.lived B.lives C.has lived D.had lived
91.By the time he was 12, Edison ________ a living by himself.
A.made B.was making C.have made D.had made
92.By 10 o’clock last night, we ________ over 200 e-mails on the program from the local citizens.
A.received B.have received C.had received D.will receive
93.She began to remember what ________ at the party.
A.has happened B.had happened C.happened D.will happen
94.The student told me that he ________ the exam ________.
A.has had; yesterday B.had; the day before yesterday
C.had had; the day before D.had had; yesterday
95.They ________ in love with each other for five years before they got married at last.
A.fell B.have fallen C.were D.had been
96.When he got to the airport, he found he__________ their passport at home.
A.left B.has left C.had left D.was left
97.When I arrived at the cinema, the movie ________ for thirty minutes.
A.had begun B.had been on C.has begun D.has been on
98.—I was told that Oliver Twist _________ to the orphanage.
—Right. Poor little boy.
A.had been sent B.was sending
C.has sent D.will be sent
99.Adam didn’t join in the summer camp to Australia this time because he ________ there before.
A.has been B.had been C.was D.had gone
100.The man insisted that he ________ the old lady’s money and ________ at once.
A.didn’t steal; set free B.hadn’t stolen; set free C.didn’t steal; be set free D.hadn’t stolen; be set free
试卷第8页,共8页
试卷第8页,共8页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
参考答案:
1.saw,seen 2.sent,sent 3.was/were,been 4.made,made 5.went,gone 6.had,had 7.travelled,travelled 8.began,begun 9.learnt,learnt 10.dreamed,dreamed
【详解】试题分析:要求学生牢记不规则动词的过去式和过去分词。
考点:写出过去式和过去分词
11.had been sold out
【详解】句意:我到电影院时,所有的票都卖完了。固定短语sell out“卖光”;根据“By the time I got to the cinema,”可知“票卖完”发生在“我到达电影院”之前,此处句子应该用过去完成时:had done。再分析句子可知动词和主语之间是被动语态,应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sold out。
12.canceled/cancelled
【详解】句意:我到那儿的时候,官员已经取消了化装舞会。cancel“取消”,空处用过去分词canceled/cancelled与had一起构成过去完成时。故填canceled/cancelled。
13.had rung
【详解】句意:当我走进教室时,最后的铃已经响了。响:ring,动词;由“By the time I went into the classroom”可知,by the time引导时间状语从句,当从句使用一般过去时,主句通常使用过去完成时(had done)。故填had rung。
14. realized had left
【详解】句意:当我到达车站时,我意识到我把车票忘在家里了。意识到:realize;把某物忘在某地:leave sth. sp.;根据“got”可知句子用一般过去时,“意识到”发生在过去,用一般过去时,“把票忘在家”发生在“意识到”之前,此处用过去完成时had done。故填realized;had left。
15.had come
【详解】句意:当蒂姆回到家时,他开始意识到小偷已经来过他家了。主句“he started to realize”是一般过去时,从句描述的是发生在主句之前的动作,因此从句用过去完成时had done,come的过去分词为come。故填had come。
16.had started
【详解】句意:当我到教室的时候,老师已经开始上课了。根据“By the time”及“got”可知,此处表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had started。
17.had been told
【详解】句意:当我收到这封信的时候,我已经知道了它的内容。根据“By the time I received the letter”可知,句子时态是过去完成时,主语I与tell之间是被动关系,应该用过去完成时的被动语态,谓语动词构成是had been done,tell的过去分词形式为told。故填had been told。
18. had begun
【详解】句意:当他到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始了。根据“when he got to the cinema”及“already”可知,主句用过去完成时,其结构是had done的形式。begin的过去分词是begun。故填had;begun。
19.had finished
【详解】句意:他做完作业后,就去上学了。根据句意可知,动作“做完作业”发生在“去上学”之前,应用过去完成时态。finish的过去分词是finished。故填had finished。
20.laid
【详解】句意:他太累了,以至于忘了他把书放在老师的桌子上。放置“lay”,动词,根据“he had...”可知,此处为过去完成时,其构成为主语+had+过去分词,故此处应用lay的过去分词laid。故填laid。
21. What had
【详解】句意:到她起床的时候,她的妈妈已经去上班了。划线部分为动词短语,即做某事,疑问句应用what来提问,句首首字母w需要大写,原句的主句时态为过去完成时,其谓语结构为“had+done”,所以此处特殊疑问词后续had,故填What;had。
22. had done
【详解】句意:我到达的时候,汤姆已经完成了工作。本句划线部分“had finished doing the work”表示的是动作,时态为过去完成时,结构为:had done。特殊疑问词已给出,后面应该是一般疑问句形式,分析空缺处可知,助动词应该用had,动词应该用done。故填had;done
23. lost immediately
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,英文句子第一空意为“丢失”,英文表达是lose,动词,空前的“had”是过去完成时的助动词,其后接动词的过去分词,所以lose要变成过去分词lost;第二空意为“立刻”,英文表达是immediately,副词。故填lost;immediately。
24. got to had left
【详解】get to“到达”,结合语境,此处用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式got;leave“离开”,结合“Before”和“already”,可知此处应用过去完成时“had done”,leave的过去分词是left。故填got;to;had;left。
25. had rushed out
【详解】“冲出门”是发生在“妈妈从市场回来”之前,“妈妈从市场回来”是一般过去时,所以“冲出门”应用过去完成时:had done。rush out of“冲出”是固定表达。故填had;rushed out。
26. When realized had left
【详解】when“当……的时候”表示瞬间动作,到达学校是一个瞬时动作,应该用when; realize“意识到”,而这个动作已经发生,所以应该填写动词的过去式,即 realized;将某物遗留在某处应该用leave,而遗留物品发生在意识之前,所以应该用过去完成时,结构为:主语+had+动词的过去分词,leave的过去分词为left。故填When;realized;had;left。
27. announced thousands of had left
【详解】对照中英文可知缺少“宣布”,“数以千计”和“已经离开”。由by the time可知,从句是一般过去时,主句是过去完成时had done。“宣布”announce,过去式是announced;“数以千计”thousands of;“离开”leave,过去完成时是had left。故填announced;thousands;of;had;left。
28.Angela looked upset because she had lost her new iPhone.
【详解】句意:安吉拉看起来很沮丧,因为她丢了她的新手机。
根据提示词可知要组合的句子是以because引导的原因状语从句,根据句意主句应为Angela looked upset“安吉拉看起来很沮丧”,从句为she had lost her new iPhone“她丢了她的新手机”,丢失手机的动作发生在沮丧之前,用过去完成时,故答案为Angela looked upset because she had lost her new iPhone.
29.I realized that I had left my backpack at home
【详解】根据标点符号可知,本句是陈述句语序;I“我”,主语;realized“意识到”,动词,后跟that引导的宾语从句;had left“留在”;my backpack“我的背包”;at home“在家”。故填I realized that I had left my backpack at home“我意识到我把背包落在家里了”。
30.The tickets had been sold out before we got there
【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句形式,分析所给单词,the tickets作主语,had been sold out作谓语,before we got there作时间状语,位于句末。故答案为:The tickets had been sold out before we got there“在我们到达那里之前,票已经卖完了”。
31.We had eaten a huge breakfast at the hotel
【详解】由标点可知,该句为陈述句;we作主语,had eaten作谓语,a huge breakfast作宾语,at the hotel作地点状语。故填We had eaten a huge breakfast at the hotel“我们在酒店吃了一顿丰盛的早餐”。
32. When had finished
【详解】句意:在我打电话给琳达之前,她已经完成了作业。划线部分是“before I called her.”,对其提问应用疑问词“when”,句子是过去完成时,疑问句将助动词“had”放在主语“Linda”前,主语后用动词过去分词“finished”。故填When;had;finished。
33.Li Ming said he had written three e-mails
【详解】根据标点符号可知,此句是一个陈述句。分析所给单词可知,是一个含有宾语从句的句子。主句:Li Ming said;从句:he作主语;had written作谓语;three e-mails作宾语。故填Li Ming said he had written three e-mails“李明说他已经写了三封电子邮件”。
34. What had
【详解】句意:我起床时,我姐姐已经洗过澡了。根据划线部分“taken a shower”可知,这里用what来提问,这里是过去完成时,要借助助动词had,其结构是“疑问词+had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?”。根据题意,故填What;had。
35. How had
【详解】根据划线部分by taxi可知这里是提问怎样去工作,用how提问,主句是过去完成时,要借助助动词had。故填How had。
题号
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
答案
B
D
A
D
D
D
C
D
C
B
题号
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
答案
B
D
D
C
A
D
A
C
D
B
题号
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
答案
D
C
C
A
A
C
D
C
C
D
题号
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
答案
D
B
B
C
D
D
D
C
B
D
题号
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
答案
B
A
B
C
B
D
C
B
B
D
题号
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
答案
D
D
C
D
D
D
C
B
C
D
题号
96
97
98
99
100
答案
C
B
A
B
D
36.B
【详解】句意:有人告诉我们,汤姆的家乡在过去五年中发生了很大变化。
考查时态。根据“were told”和“in the past five years”可知,这事发生在过去的过去,使用过去完成时。故选B。
37.D
【详解】句意:到杰克十四岁的时候,他已经独立出版了一本故事书。
考查动词时态。根据“By the time Jack was fourteen years old”可知,此处应用过去完成时,表示在过去时间之前某个事件已完成。故选D。
38.A
【详解】句意:在宇航员飞上太空之前,他们已经训练了数千小时,以确保不会发生失误。
考查动词时态。根据“Before the astronauts flew up into space”可知,设空处的动作发生在过去的某个时间点以前,且已经完成,因此设空处是过去完成时,其结构为“had done”。故选A。
39.D
【详解】句意:幸运的是,当我们到达山脚下时,雨已经停了。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“by the time”可知,表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,时态用过去完成时,其结构为“had+过去分词”。故选D。
40.D
【详解】句意:到去年年底,我们已经学习了2000多个单词。
考查动词时态。根据“By the end of last year”可知,句子时态应用过去完成时。故选D。
41.D
【详解】句意:我们到那里的时候太晚了。那个老人已经把他的自行车卖给别人了。
考查时态。根据“We got there too late.”可知,我们“到达”那里的动作发生在过去,老人把车“卖”给别人的动作发生在过去的过去,是在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作,应该用过去完成时。故选D。
42.C
【详解】句意:当我到火车站的时候,火车已经开了。
考查过去完成时。根据句意可知,火车在我到达火车站之前就开了, 而got to是过去时, leave“离开”这一动作在got to之前已经发生, 所以要用过去完成时,过去完成时的结构是had+过去分词,leave的过去分词是left。故选C。
43.D
【详解】句意:当我们到达剧院时,这出戏已经上演了十分钟。
考查时态及延续性动词。begun开始,瞬间动词;started开始,瞬间动词;been“是”;been on上映;根据“for ten minutes”以及“When we arrived at theatre”可知,此处表示过去的过去,用过去完成时,且用延续性动词,be on“上映”符合,此处用过去分词形式,构成过去完成时。故选D。
44.C
【详解】句意:——你在聚会上看到杰克了吗?——没有,我到那里的时候他已经走了。
考查时态。根据“No, he ... by the time I ... there.”可知,“我到那里”发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,“他离开”发生在“我到那里”之前,应该用过去完成时。故选C。
45.B
【详解】句意:——你昨天准时去看电影了吗?——不,我们迟到了。当我到达电影院时,电影已经开始了。
考查过去完成时和一般过去时。根据“yesterday”可知,“到达电影院”发生在过去,故“when I ... to the cinema”是一般过去时,第二空用动词过去式got;根据“we were late”可知,我迟到了,到达时电影已经开始,故“开始”发生在got之前,即“过去的过去”用过去完成时had done,第一空用had begun。故选B。
46.B
【详解】句意:在西安期间,杰瑞几乎尝遍了朋友们推荐的所有当地美食。
考查时态。根据“During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends...”可知,“推荐”这一动作发生在“尝试”之前,是“过去的过去”,用过去完成时。故选B。
47.D
【详解】句意:克里斯告诉斯泰西,他刚刚被问到假期打算做什么。
考查过去完成时的被动语态。根据“Chris told Stacie that he…what he was doing during the vacation.”可知,he和谓语动词之前是被动关系,因此此处谓语动词用被动形式,排除B、C选项;又因为句子是表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或者完成了的动作,因此此处用过去完成时,其被动语态形式为“had been done”。故选D。
48.D
【详解】句意:真倒霉!当我到达学校时,我意识到我把背包忘在家里了。
考查时态。分析句子可知,“把包忘家”发生在“意识到”之前,表示“过去的过去”用过去完成时had done。故选D。
49.C
【详解】句意:到去年年底,Jenny已经学习《新概念英语》有三年之久了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the end of last year”可知,句子应用过去完成时,其谓语结构为:had+过去分词。故选C。
50.A
【详解】句意:这所房子坐落在山脚下。当我们到达时,这个老人已经在桌子上放好了零食。
考查时态和动词辨析。lies位于,坐落在;laid放(过去式);lay放。根据“The house…at the foot of a hill.”可知,房子坐落在山脚下,应该用lie,且陈述客观事实,应该用一般现在时,主语The house是第三人称单数,故第一空填lies。根据“the old man…snacks out on the table.”可知,老人放好了零食,应该用lay,根据“had”可知,此处句子时态为过去完成时时,lay的过去分词是laid。故选A。
51.D
【详解】句意:当我起床时,我的父母已经出去了,他们没有给我留下一张纸条。
考查动词辨析。given给;leave离开/留下,原形;shown展示;left离开/留下,过去分词。此空前用的hadn’t,可知时态为过去完成时,结构had+动词过去分词,leave“离开,留下”的过去分词为left。故选D。
52.A
【详解】句意:到去年年底为止,他们已经在山上种了成千上万棵橘子树。
考查过去完成时。根据时间状语“By the end of last year (到去年年底为止)”可知,句子的时态是过去完成时,其谓语动词构成是had done,所以空处应是had planted。故选A。
53.C
【详解】句意:当我们到达那儿,比赛已经开始了。
考查动词时态。has/have+动词过去分词,现在完成时;had+动词过去分词,过去完成时;will+动词原形,将来时;begun开始,过去分词;start开始,原形;started开始,过去分词;get得到,原形;got得到,过去式;reach到达,原形。从句应用一般过去时,而主句表示在过去的动作之前已经发生了的动作,应用过去完成时。故选C。
54.D
【详解】句意:我到学校的时候,王老师已经开始教学了。
考查动词时态。根据从句“By the time I got to school”是一般过去时可知,主句的动作“开始教学”发生在从句动作之前,即过去的过去,所以用过去完成时,其构成是had+过去分词。故选D。
55.B
【详解】句意:当我到达学校时,我意识到我把钥匙忘在家里了。
考查时态。根据“By the time I got to school”可知,钥匙忘在家里的时间发生在“过去的过去”,即我到达学校之前,所以该句应用过去完成时态,构成是“had+过去分词”,故选B。
56.D
【详解】句意:——你昨晚发生了什么事?——我们被困在拥挤的交通中,当我们到达餐厅时,已经关门了。
考查过去完成时。by the time表示“到……时候”,引导从句的时态为一般过去时,则主句的时态要用过去完成时,体现“过去的过去”。故选D。
57.C
【详解】句意:——今天早上约翰发生了什么事?——当他到达学校时,老师已经收完了数学作业。他错过了。
考查动词时态。根据空前的“By the time he got to school”可知,收作业发生在他到校之前,此处应用过去完成时。故选C。
58.C
【详解】句意:我到电影院的时候,电影已经开始半个小时了。
考查动词时态。begin开始;be on上映。根据“By the time I got to the cinema”可知,主句时态是过去完成时,结构为“had+过去分词”;“for half an hour”是时间段,和延续性动词be连用。 故选C。
59.A
【详解】句意:我听说我们学校发生了很大的变化。
考查过去完成时态。根据“I heard great changes...in our school”可知,“发生变化”发生在“听说”之前,此处动作表示“过去的过去”,用过去完成时had done。故选A。
60.A
【详解】句意:当我到机场时,我被告知飞机几分钟前已经起飞了。
考查过去完成时。根据“When I got to the airport...the plane...a few minutes before.”可知主句的动作“飞机起飞”发生在过去的过去,时态是用过去完成时。故选A。
61.C
【详解】句意:当我到达公共汽车站时,公共汽车已经开走了5分钟。
考查动词时态和延续性动词。leave离开,过去分词是left,短暂性动词;be away离开,延续性动词。根据“already”和“When I got to the bus stop”可知,应是在到车站前车就离开了,所以是强调过去的过去,所以用过去完成时,结合“for 5 minutes”是时间段可知,空处需用延续性动词。故选C。
62.D
【详解】句意:他告诉我他把作业忘在家里了。
考查动词时态。根据“He told me that he”可知,句子是过去时态,后面的宾语从句也要用过去时的某种形式,这里表示在告诉之前,作业就已经忘记在家了,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时:had done。故选D。
63.C
【详解】句意:到去年为止,她已经学了五年法语了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time of last year”可知句子应用过去完成时,其谓语结构为:had+过去分词。故选C。
64.C
【详解】句意:当他们到达车站时,公共汽车已经开走了。
考查动词时态。has left离开,现在完成时;left过去式;had left过去完成时;was leaving过去进行时。根据“already”可知是完成时,表示“已经开走了”;且从句“When they got to the station”使用的是过去时,而主句的动作“离开”发生在他们“到达”之前,应是“过去的过去”,即使用过去完成时,故选C。
65.D
【详解】句意:凯瑟琳说她从未去过广州。
考查宾语从句和动词时态。has gone to去了,人未回;has been to去过,人已回。主句谓语动词said是一般过去时,宾语从句也应该使用过去的某一种时态,排除A、C两个选项;根据“Catherine said”可知凯瑟琳已经回来了,排除B。故选D。
66.D
【详解】句意:当我到家时,我意识到我把钥匙忘在教室里了。
考查过去完成时。根据“When I got home”和“I realized”可知,钥匙忘在教室里的时间发生在到家和意识到之前,即过去的过去,用过去完成时,其结构是“had+过去分词”。故选D。
67.B
【详解】句意:截至上月底,他们已经在山上种了成千上万棵苹果树。
考查过去完成时。根据时间状语“By the end of last month”可知,句子的时态是过去完成时,其谓语动词构成是had done,所以空处应是had planted。故选B。
68.B
【详解】句意:韩梅在上大学之前去过两次长城。
考查动词时态。根据“before she went to university”可知,上大学发生在过去,去长城是发生在上大学前,所以主句动作是发生在“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时“had+动词过去分词”,故选B。
69.C
【详解】句意:我们本想告诉坎蒂这个好消息,但我们发现她不在。
考查动词时态。根据“but we found that she wasn’t in”可知,发现坎蒂不在发生在过去,想告诉坎蒂这个好消息发现坎蒂不在,所以空格处动作表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时“had+动词过去分词”,故选C。
70.D
【详解】句意:这是我们第一次为父母做饭。
考查动词时态。“It is the first time +从句”的结构中,从句用现在完成时,此处为“It was the first time that+从句”结构,从句应用过去完成时“had+动词过去分词”,故选D。
71.D
【详解】句意:到上学期末,李磊已经学会了大约1500个英语单词。他学习很努力。
考查动词时态。“by+过去的时间段”意为“到……为止”,表示句中的动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时的“had+动词过去分词”,故选D。
72.D
【详解】句意:当罗伊走进教室时,老师已经开始上课了。
考查动词时态。根据“Roy walked into the classroom”可知,走进教室发生在过去,所以老师开始讲课发生在走进教室之前,动作表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时“had+动词的过去分词”,故选D。
73.C
【详解】句意:当我到达学校时,我意识到我把数学书忘在家里了。
考查时态。根据“When I got to school, I realized...”可知,包忘在家里的时间发生在“过去的过去”,即到达学校之前,所以应用过去完成时“had+动词过去分词”,故选C。
74.B
【详解】句意:当我们到达机场时,飞机已经起飞了。
考查动词时态。根据“The plane ... when we got to the airport.”可知,此处是指飞机在我们到达机场时已经起飞了,强调“过去的过去”,时态应用过去完成时had done。故选B。
75.D
【详解】句意:当我冲进电影院时,电影已经开始半个小时了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I rushed into the cinema”以及“for half an hour”可知,时态为过去完成时,其谓语动词构成为had done,此处表示延续性动作,begin为非延续性动词不符合,应用“had been on”。故选D。
76.B
【详解】句意:这个小女孩忍不住哭了因为她从来没有做过核酸检测。
考查动词时态。has never had从来没有,用于现在完成时;had never had从来没有,用于过去完成时;didn’t have没有,用于一般过去时;never had从来没有,用于一般过去时。“The little girl couldn’t help crying”发生在过去,而没有做过核酸发生在这之前,即过去的过去,用过去完成时。故选B。
77.A
【详解】句意:到美国时,他已经在亚洲拍了二十多年电影。
考查时态。根据语境可知,“拍电影”的动作发生在“到达美国”之前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时had done。故选A。
78.B
【详解】句意:——现在10点了。Jenny你为什么迟到了?——对不起妈妈。当我到达公交车站时,公交车已经开走了。因此我必须走回家。
考查过去完成时。has left现在完成时态;had left过去完成时态;will leave将来时;would leave过去将来时。结合语境“我到达公交车站时”,got过去式,可知过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生,描述的动作表示过去的过去,因此用过去完成时态,结构是had+动词的过去分词。故选B。
79.C
【详解】句意:当我们到达剧院的时候,这出戏已经演了半个小时。
考查过去完成时。根据“When we got to the theatre”可知,这出戏开始在到达那里之前,应用过去完成时态,start“开始”,短暂性动词,应变为延续性动词be on。故选C。
80.B
【详解】句意:我意识到我在公共汽车上落下了我的雨伞。
考查动词时态及动词辨析。forgot忘记,为过去式;had left已经落下,为过去完成时;had forgotten已忘记,为过去完成时;left离开,为过去式。根据“I realized that I...my umbrella on the bus.”可知,我在公交车上落下了雨伞,故排除选项A和C。再根据“realized”可知,空处的动作是发生在realized之前,故空处需用过去完成时,其结构为:had done。故选B。
81.D
【详解】句意:她走进电影院时,电影《星际穿越》已经上映半小时了。
考查动词。begin开始,为非延续性动词;be on上映,演出,为延续性动词。根据“when she entered the cinema.”可知,该句是过去完成时,且设空处后是一段时间,要用延续性动词。故选D。
82.C
【详解】句意:加里被告知电影已经放映了一刻钟。
考查动词时态和延续性动词。begin开始,非延续性动词;be on上映,演出,延续性动词。根据“for a quarter.”可知,后为一段时间,结合“Gary was told that the film”可知,该句是过去完成时,且只能用延续性动词。故选C。
83.B
【详解】句意:经理走进办公室,高兴地得知五分之四的票已经被预定了。
考查过去完成时的被动语态。book预定,was/were booked一般过去时的被动语态;had been booked过去完成时的被动语态;have been booked现在完成时的被动语态。根据语境可知,空格处的动作发生在“The manager entered the office and was happy to learn”之前,是过去的过去,要用过去完成时。宾语从句的主语four-fifths of the tickets与谓语动词book二者是被动关系,票是被订购,要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B。
84.B
【详解】句意:直到今天早上,我才意识到我把钥匙忘在车里了。
考查动词时态。根据“Till this morning”可知,时态用过去完成时“had done”,排除选项A、D;leave sth.+地点,表示“把某物落在某地”,固定搭配,故选B。
85.D
【详解】句意:直到上周末为止,这个学生已经读完了这本书的三分之二。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the end of last week”可知,此处指的是直到上周末为止,动作发生在过去的过去,故时态为过去完成时,其结构为:had+过去分词。故选D。
86.D
【详解】句意:这些书乱成一团,因为图书管理员好几个星期没有整理它们了。
考查动词时态。根据“The books were in a mess”可知,此处指在乱成一团前已经好几个星期没有整理了,强调过去的过去,所以用过去完成时(had done),故选D。
87.D
【详解】句意:我到家的时候,妈妈已经把我最喜欢吃的东西摆在桌子上了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I got home”可知,此处是指在过去的时间点之前发生的事情,应用过去完成时had done。故选D。
88.C
【详解】句意:孩子们用足球打破窗户后,便逃离了现场。
考查时态。break down“打碎”。根据ran可知,孩子们用足球打破窗户这一动作发生在ran away之前,ran away是一般过去时,所以break down应该发生在过去的过去,所以时态应该为过去完成时,故选C。
89.D
【详解】句意:上周末我见到了我的表弟。我们已经2年没有见面了,所以我们聊了很多。
考查时态。haven’t met还没见过,现在完成时;didn’t meet没有见过,一般过去时;wouldn’t meet将不见,过去将来时;hadn’t met没有见过,过去完成时。根据“We...each other for 2 years, so we chatted a lot.”可知,此空指“聊天前12年没见了”,所以用过去完成时,故选D。
90.D
【详解】句意:到去年底,Kevin已经在上海住了十年了。
考查动词时态。根据“By the end of last year”和“for ten years.”可知是表示动作从过去持续到去年,应用过去完成时had done。故选D。
91.D
【详解】句意:爱迪生12岁时就已经靠自己谋生了。
考查时态。分析句子可知,“他自己谋生”发生在“他12岁”前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时had done。故选D。
92.C
【详解】句意:到昨晚10点,我们已经收到了200多封来自当地居民的关于这个项目的电子邮件。
考查动词时态。根据“By 10 o’clock last night”可知,“by+时间”作状语,与完成时连用,此处是到过去某个时间为止,因此用过去完成时。故选C。
93.B
【详解】句意:她开始回忆起在派对上发生的事情。
考查动词时态。根据“She began to remember what...at the party”可知,句子用过去完成时,表示在过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作或状态,故选B。
94.C
【详解】句意:那个学生告诉我,他前一天已经考试了。
考查动词时态。yesterday昨天;the day before yesterday前天;the day before前一天。结合“The student told me that”可知考试是在告诉以前发生的,故用过去完成时,结构为had done,与它连用的时间状语可以是the day before。yesterday一般与过去时连用。故选C。
95.D
【详解】句意:他们彼此相爱了五年后,终于结了婚。
考查时态。fall in love为非延续性动词短语,不能与for five years连用,故排除A、B项;be in love为表示状态的动词短语,可以与for five years连用,且这个动作发生在“got married”之前,故用过去完成时had done。故选D。
96.C
【详解】句意:当他到达机场时,他发现他把护照忘在家里了。
考查动词时态。left离开,留下,动词过去式;has left现在完成时;had left过去完成时;was left被动结构。根据“When he got to the airport”可知,到达机场是过去的动作,而“把护照忘在家里”发生在过去的动作之前,用过去完成时,结构为had + done,故选C。
97.B
【详解】句意:当我到达电影院时,电影已经上映了三十分钟。
考查动词时态。根据“when I arrived at the cinema”可知,此处应用过去完成时“had+动词过去分词”,表示过去的过去;结合“for thirty minutes”可知,动词应用延续性动词,begin“开始”,是短暂性动词,不能与一段时间连用,应该转换为be on(延续性动词)。故选B。
98.A
【详解】句意:——有人告诉我Oliver Twist被送进了孤儿院。——对。可怜的小男孩。
考查过去完成时的被动语态。根据“I was told that Oliver Twist...to the orphanage.”可知,“Oliver Twist...to the orphanage”是宾语从句,应是表示Oliver Twist被送进孤儿院,用被动语态,且“被送进孤儿院”发生在was told“被告知”之前,所以宾语从句用过去完成时,此处用过去完成时的被动语态,谓语结构是had been done。故选A。
99.B
【详解】句意:亚当这次没有参加去澳大利亚的夏令营,因为他以前去过那里。
考查过去完成时。由“Adam didn’t join in the summer camp to Australia this time because he … there before”可知,此处指亚当过去去过,过去的过去应用过去完成时,去过已回来用been。故选B。
100.D
【详解】句意:那人坚持说他没有偷老太太的钱,要马上释放他。
考查过去完成时和虚拟语气。insist意为“坚持认为”时,用陈述语气;意为“坚持要求”时,用虚拟语气,其后宾语从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省去。第一空,insist意为“坚持认为”,且“偷”发生在主句谓语动词“insisted”之前,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时,其结构为had done,排除A、C;第二空,insist意为“坚持要求”,主语“he”与set free“释放”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,即be set free,排除B。故选D。
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