专题46 过去完成时（精讲课件）-备战2025年中考英语语法复习全攻略（全国通用）

时态7-过去完成时 初中英语语法课件 英 英 语 语 堂 堂 课 课 ENGLISH LESSON 过去完成时表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果。 过去完成时描述过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。 过去已经完成 或持续到将来 过去 现在 1. 过去完成时是发生在过去的一个时间段里。 2. 动作一定是过去某个时间前已经完成了的。 将来 常与过去完成时连用的时间状语 ‌when+时间状语从句 before+时间状语从句 after+时间状语从句 since+时间状语从句 过去完成时的时间标志 by that time Long before ‌by the end of last week ‌before that year Tips 过去完成时与现在完成时用法相同， 只是时间的衡量标准不同。现在完成时是以现在这个时刻作衡量标准，而过去完成时则以过去某个时间作衡量标准。 过去完成时的构成 肯定句：主语 + had + 动词的过去分词 + 其他成分。 She had left by the time I arrived. 我到达的时候她已经离开了。 She had finished her homework before her friends arrived. 她在朋友到达之前已经完成了她的作业。 They had already left when we got to the party. 当我们到达派对时，他们已经离开了。 6 过去完成时的构成 否定句：主语 + had+ not + 动词的现在分词 + 其他成分。 She had not gone home. 她还没有回家。‌ They hadn't finished the work when we got there.‌ 当我们到那儿时，他们还没有完成工作。 ‌I hadn't finished my homework when my parents came back. ‌当我父母到家的时候，我还没完成家庭作业。 过去完成时的构成 一般疑问句：Had+ 主语 + 动词的现在分词 + 其他成分？ ‌Had he told you to go there earlier yesterday?‌ 他昨天告诉过你早点儿到那儿吗？‌ Yes, he had.‌ 是的，他告诉了。 No, he hadn‘t.‌ 不，他没有‌。 Had you finished your homework when you watched TV? 你看电视前已经完成作业了吗？ Yes, I had.‌ 是的，我完成了。 No, I hadn‘t.‌ 不，我没有‌。 过去完成时的构成 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + had+一般疑问句 + 其他成分？ What had her mother done by the time she got up? 她妈妈在她起床前做了什么？ What had Tom done by the time you arrived? 你到达之前汤姆做了什么？ In my life, there have been several occasions where I have used the past perfect tense. One such instance was when I had visited my grandparents in the countryside. We had planned this trip for a long time and I was really excited to see them. When I arrived at their house, I realized that they had already prepared a delicious meal for me. They had cooked all my favorite dishes, including roast chicken and apple pie. I was so happy and grateful for their thoughtfulness. We sat down to eat and had a wonderful time together. 过去完成时的用法 (1)表示在过去之前已经发生的动作，一般需有过去的某一时间作参照。 When I telephoned Sue, she had gone out. 我给苏打电话时，她已经出去了。 更早的过去 过去 现在 将来 过去时间参照点 she had gone out By the time I arrived at the station, the train had already left.‌ 我到车站的时候，火车已经离开了。 ‌Before she went to sleep, she had finished her homework.‌ 在她睡觉之前，她已经完成了作业。 When the police arrived, the thief had run away. 警察赶到时，小偷已经逃跑了。 注意：要有过去时间参照点 过去完成时的用法 (2)表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态。 He had learned English for five years before he moved to Australia. 他移居澳大利亚之前已经学了5年英语了。 更早的过去 过去 现在 将来 He moved to Australia. He had learned English for five years He began to learn English 过去完成时的用法 (2)表示在过去某一段时间内一直在进行的动作。 昨晚我一直在看电视。 ‌I was watching TV at home last night.‌ 过去 last night today 现在 将来 ‌He had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.‌ 自从25年前学校开业以来，他一直在那里工作‌。 She found she had left her handbag on the bus. 她发现自己的手提包落在公交车上了。 I had been waiting at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.‌ 当公共汽车最终来的时候，我已经在公共汽车站等了20分钟了。 (3)表示“意愿、打算”的动词如 hope, mean, want, think, expect, plan, intend等的过去完成时表示“原本想……(但事实上并没有完成)”之意。 They had planned to see us off at the airport. 他们本打算去机场给我们送行的。 I had expected to see you yesterday, but I was too busy. 我昨天本想去看你，可太忙了。 当两个动作按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或有 then， and, but等词连接时,多用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。 That afternoon, I went to the market, bought some fruit and visited my English teacher. 那天下午，我去市场买了些水果，然后 去看望了我的英语老师。 tip practice 1．We were told that Tom’s hometown ________ greatly in the past five years. A．has changed B．had changed C．will change D．would change 2．By the time Jack was fourteen years old, he _____ a story book on his own. A．would publish B．has published C．published D．had published 3．Before the astronauts flew up into space, they _______ for thousands of hours to make sure that no mistakes would happen. A．had trained B．trained C．have trained D．was training 4．Luckily, the rain ________ by the time we reached the foot of the hill. A．stops B．stopped C．has stopped D．had stopped B D A D practice 5．By the end of last year, we ________ more than 2,000 words. A．learn B．learned C．have learned D．had learned 6．We got there too late. The old man ________ his bike to others. A．is selling B．has sold C．sells D．had sold 7．When I got to the train station, the train __________. A．left B．has left C．had left D．was left 8．When we arrived at theatre, the play ________ for ten minutes. A．begun B．had started C．had been D．had been on 9．By the time I got to school, I realized I ________ my key at home. A．have left B．had left C．would left D．left D D C D B practice 10．—What happened to you last night? —We were stuck in the heavy traffic, and by the time we arrived at the restaurant, it ________. A．has been closed B．was closed C．is closed D．had been closed 11．—What happened to John this morning? —By the time he got to school, the teacher _______ the math homework. He missed it . A．collects B．collected C．had collected 12．By the time I got to the cinema, the film ________ on for half an hour. A．has been B．had begun C．had been D．has begun D C C THE END $$