专题41 一般过去时（精讲课件）-备战2025年中考英语语法复习全攻略（全国通用）

时态2（一般过去时） 初中英语语法课件 ENGLISH LESSON 英 英 语 语 堂 堂 课 课 1 定义及标志词 3 一般过去时的用法 2 一般过去时的结构 4 语法过关练 目 录 2 一般过去时指的是一个过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 过去的某段时间发生的动作状态 过去 现在 1. 一般过去时是发生在过去一个时间段的动作状态。 2. 动作一定是习已经发生了的。 将来 定 义 常与一般过去时连用的时间状语 yesterday the day before yesterday last year last week ‌last Saturday ‌ two years ago just now in 1998 in those days   an hour ago  just now  1 2 3 时间 标志 1. 一般过去时的时间标志 When I was a baby I ____ a teddy bear. had 表过去的时间状语 When I was a baby I ______when I was hungry. cried 表过去的时间状语 (1)谓语动词是系动词型： 2. 一般过去时的构成   1. She is a teacher. She ___ a teacher. 2. They are from Japan. They ___ from Japan. I am very tired. I ___ very tired. He is too young to go to school. He ___too young to go to school. 5. You are late for school. You ___ late for school. was were was was were (1)谓语动词是系动词型： 1.He always kept silent at meetings. 他在会议上总是保持沉默。 2. He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 3. This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。 4. He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 5. It turned out to be a good idea. 事实证明这是一个好主意。‌ ‌‌‌‌ 表象系动词 持续系动词 感官系动词 变化系动词 终止系动词 (2)谓语动词是实义动词型： ‌I get up in the morning.‌ I ______ early this morning.  ‌She eats an apple every day.‌ She ______ an apple this morning. ‌He plays football on weekends.‌ He ______football last week. ‌They study hard. ‌ They _______hard when they were young. ‌We watch TV after dinner. ‌ We ________ TV just now. got up ate played studied watched 一般情况词尾加ed 01 02 e结尾直接在词尾加d 辅音加y结尾变y为i加ed 03 04 重读闭音节双写词尾字母加ed 05 特殊情况 I work in this city. I worked in this city last year. They live in Shanghai . They lived in Shanghai last year. I study in Beijing. I studied in Beijing . she stops. she stopped. I go to school by bike every day. I went to school by bike yesterday. am, is—was are—were go—went do—did have—had come—came take—took say—said eat—ate see—saw get—got put—put sleep—slept give—gave write—wrote read—read /red/ 动词不规则变化 buy—bought sit—sat swim —swam make—made feel—felt hear—heard grow—grew tell—told know—knew find—found begin—began bring —brought stand—stood spend—spent catch—caught teach—taught 动词不规则变化 I went fishing. I went shopping. I went camping. I went fishing. 读一读 13 I wrote a letter. I played football. I read a book. I read a book. 读一读 14 I washed the dishes. I cleaned the flat. I baked a cake. I beked a cake. 读一读 15 一般过去时构成的口诀 动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事； be用was或用were, have,has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。 下面，我们来看下 过去式的基本结构 一般过去时否定式（含有be动词） I was a teacher. You were a worker She was a doctor We are friends. I’was not a teacher You weren't a worker She wasn’t a doctor. We weren't friends. 否定 主语+ was / were + not +表语 一般疑问句：was/were +主语+其它 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +was+主语+其它 一般过去时疑问句（含有be动词） Was she in Beijing? Were you friends? When were you born? Who was on duty the day before yesterday? 一般过去时疑问句的回答 含有be 动词的句子 一般疑问句：was/were +主语+其它 Yes, 主语+ was/were No, 主语+ was not =wasn’t were not =weren’t 特殊疑问句:疑问词 +was+主语+其它 主语+was+其它 Was he a doctor five years ago ? Yes, he was. no, he wasn’t Were they teachers before? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t Who was at the park yesterday? Mr. Li was at the park yesterday. 一般过去时否定式（含有实义动词） 主语+did + not+ 动词原型 I like English before. She ate it yesterday. We went to work by bike last week. I didn’t like English before. She didn’t eat it yesterday. We didn’t go to work by bike last week. 否定 一般疑问句: Did +主语+动词其他…? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ did（not）+主语+其它？ 一般过去时疑问句（含有实义动词） Did you go to work by bike last week? What did you do yesterday? Why did you go there the day before yesterday? Why didn’t you clean our classroom yesterday?  一般过去时疑问句的回答 含有是实意动词的句子 一般疑问句: Did +主语+动词其他…? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ did+主语+其它 Yes, 主语+ did No, 主语+ did not =didn’t 主语+动词+其它 Where did your parents live five years ago？ They lived in China five years ago. What did you do last Sunday？ I flied a kite last Sunday. Did you study English last year? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. (1)表示在过去确定的时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 She visited her grandparents last weekend.‌ 她上周末去看望了她的祖父母。 ‌They played football on the beach two days ago.‌ 他们两天前在海滩上踢足球。 Where did you go just now? 刚刚你去哪里啦？ He was ill last night.‌ 昨晚他生病了。‌ 3.一般过去时的用法 (2)表示过去一段时间内经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。 He always took a walk after dinner in the past. 他过去经常在晚饭后散步。 They often played basketball together in the past. 他们过去经常一起打篮球。 When I was in the countryside, I often walked by the riverside. 我在乡下时经常在河边散步。 Last year, he always went to work by bus. 去年他一直乘公共汽车上班。 (3)叙述没有过去具体的时间的动作或状态。 有些情况发生的时间没有清楚表明，但实际上是过去发生的，应该用一般过去时。 I never thought you passed the examination. 我绝没有想到你会通过考试。 She left his book in the library. She has to get it back. 她把书落在图书馆了。她不得不去取回来。 说话之前认为对方不会按时到达，但现在已知道了 leave动作发生在 has to 之前,表示过去 25 (4)在时间、条件等状语从句中代替过去将来时。 She said she would come if I promised to wait for her.‌ 如果她答应等我，她就会来。 ‌He said he would give her the book if he saw her.‌ 如果看到她，他会把书还给她。 ‌He said he would write to me as soon as he got there.‌ 他说他一到那里就会给我写信。 ‌They said they would let me know as soon as they got there.‌ 他们说只要他们一到达那儿就会马上让我知道。‌ 条件状语 从句 时间状语 从句 过 练 关 4.一般过去时的练习 写出下列动词的过去式： is — stop — make — are — drink — come — do — put — tell — go — cut — see — have — run — read — write — say — play — learn — buy — cry — study — swim — walk — was were did went had wrote learned studied stopped drank put cut ran said bought swam made came told saw read played cried walked 1．—How does Mr. Black go to work? —He ________ to work by car, but now he takes a bus there. A．used to go B．used to going C．is used to go D．is used to going 2．When I ________ 12 years old, I often ________ to see movies. A．was; went B．was; go C．am; go D．were; went 3．—Where is Ben? I have good news to tell him. —He ________ to the hospital just now because he had a stomachache. A．rushes B．rushed C．is rushing D．was rushing 4．— What did you do last weekend? — We ________ a family picnic. A．have B．had C．has D．having practice B A A B B 5．Our city is cleaner than it ______. A．used to being B．used to be C．used to have D．used to having 6．It was my grandma’s ______ birthday. My mother ______ her a big cake. A．the ninetieth, bought B．the ninetieth, buys C．ninetieth, buys D．ninetieth, bought 7．—Hi, where ________ Judy? —I don’t know. She ______ here just now. A．is; is B．is; was C．was; is 8．—Jane got high marks in the Chinese exam. —______ big progress she has made! She _____ weak in English. A．What a; used to be B．What; used to be C．How; used to be D．How a; was used to being practice B D B B 9．—When will Betty come to China? —She’ll come here next week. She _____ me that by email. A．tells B．will tell C．told D．is telling 10．—Jack, what did you do in the park yesterday? —I ________ litter there with my friends. A．am collecting B．collected C．am going to collect 11．—How is Bob now? —I hear the company________ him a very good job. A．served B．offered C．helped D．showed 12．We ____ the strongest team in the football match just now, so we ______ first prize this time. A．win; beat B．won; beat C．beat; won D．beat; win practice C B B C 13．—Wow, you’ve made so much progress (进步) in drawing. —Thanks. I ________ two online courses last winter holiday. A．took B．will take C．take D．was taking 14．She was very tired, so she ________down and had a rest. A．lied B．lay C．laid D．lain 15．—How ________ you ________ your summer vacation?     —I visited Xi’an. A．do; spend B．did; spent C．did; spend D．do; spent 16．—Look at the timetable. The last bus ________ 10 minutes ago. —Don’t worry. We can take a taxi. A．leaves B．left C．would leave D．has left practice A B C B THE END $$