Unit 4 Growing up 知识点总结讲义-2024-2025学年牛津译林版九年级英语上册

9A Unit 4 Growing up 知识清单 1、 Comic strip and Welcome to the unit. 1.grow up 长大 Eg: grow up into a beautiful girl 长成一个漂亮的姑娘 2.What’s on your mind? 你在想什么? ★on one’s mind 挂在心上；惦念 【in one’s mind 在某人的脑海里】 3.What’s up?= What’s wrong? =What’s the matter? 怎么了? 4.That’s all right. / That’s OK./ Never mind . / It doesn’t matter. 没关系，不要紧。 5. build another one for yourself 为你自己再建一个 【build sth. for sb.为某人建造某物】 6. Don’t wake me up until you finish building it. 【finish doing sth. 做完某事】 直到你建完后再叫醒我。【until引导时间状从，主将从现】 7.do a survey on ..... 做一个关于......的调查 8.in different times 在不同的时代 【time作可数名词：时代；作不可数名词：时间】 二、Reading 1.While (he was) attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team. 在就读初中时，Spud报名参加校队。 ①while/when + doing sth. 当做某事的时候 【when/while引导时间状语】 【区分】I don’t know when to go there. 【when引导不定式作宾语】 = I don’t know when I will go there.【when引导宾语从句】 ②try out for the school team 报名参加校队，参加校队的选拔赛 2.refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 3.lose (one’s) heart 灰心，失去信心 4. score 20 points 得了20分 5.from then on 从那时起 【常用于过去时】 from now on 从现在起 【常用于将来时】 6.sit in the stands because of his height 由于身高坐在看台上 7.practise even harder 训练得更加刻苦 【even + 比较级】 8.get the coach to change his mind 让教练改变了他的想法 ★①get sb. to do sth. = make/have/let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 ★②change one’s mind/idea 改变某人的主意 9.go on to become leader of the team 接着/继续成为了球队的队长 【head,chairperson,leader等表职务时前不加冠词the】 ★①go on doing sth.继续做同一件事= continue doing sth.=continue to do sth.= go on with sth. ★②go on to do sth. 继续做另一件不同的事 10.be named Player of the Year 被命名为年度最佳球员 【拓展】name after…… 以……的名字命名 Eg: The school was named after a hero in the World War II. 11.simple (adj.) 简单的 → simply (adv. )仅仅，简直 【le结尾的形容词变副词：去e加y】 【拓展】comfortable (adj.) → comfortably (adv. ) ; possible (adj.) → possibly (adv. ) 12.lead his team to the national championship 带领他的队伍走向了全国冠军锦标赛 13.This brought him to the attention of North Carolina State University. 这让他引起了北卡罗莱纳州立大学的注意。 ★bring A to the attention of B 让A引起B的注意 14.As a result, he succeeded in getting a scholarship. 结果，他成功地获得了奖学金。 ★① as a result结果，所以； as a result of…… 由于……的结果 ★②succeed in (doing) sth. 成功(做)某事 = be successful in (doing) sth. = do sth. successfully = have success in (doing) sth. ★③have success at work/shcool 在工作/学业方面取得成功 ★④fail to do sth. 做某事失败 15.Although he was a great player at university, the NBA was not interested in him. =He was a great player at university, but the NBA was not interested in him. ★although= though 虽然，与but但是相对应。 二者在句中只能使用其一。 16.graduate from the university 大学毕业 17.He was forced to play in another basketball league. 他被迫在另一个篮球联赛打球。 ★force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 18.remain there for about a year 在那儿逗留了约一年 remain 用法: ①作系动词：保持，仍然是；（后接名词，形容词，过去分词，现在分词或介词短语）   eg: You have the right to remain/keep silent.  你有权保持沉默。 ②作不及物动词：留在某处；剩下  eg: She remained at home to  look  after  the  children.   她留在家里照顾孩子。 19.take notice of …….. 注意到…… 【此处notice为名词】 【回顾】notice感官动词：①notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做某事 ② notice sb. doing sth. 注意某人正在做某事 20.have (get) many great achievements 获得许多伟大的成就 21.his proudest moment 他最引以为豪的一刻 三、Grammar 【语法】A. 用before, after, when and while： ★ before; after; when和while都是用来引导时间状语从句的。时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。连词before; after; when和while引导时间状语从句时，既可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。 (1)before意为“在…之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 Close the window before you leave the room. (2)after意为“在…之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 I went to school after I finished my breakfast. (3)when意为“当(在)…时候”，表示主句动作发生的特定时间。【when + 短动词/长动词】 The days get longer when spring comes. (4)while意为“在…期间”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。【while + 长动词/be】 While I was doing my homework, my father came into my room. 【语法】B. 用since,till and until： ★ 我们也可以用连词since; till和until引导时间状语从句。 (1)since意为“自从…以来”。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动 词用现在完成时。 They have been friends since they were in primary school. (2)till和until 意为“到… 为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换，但until可以放在句首或句中，而till通常放于句中。until比till更加正式。 ①We will walk until/till we see a white house. 【主句动词walk长动词，until用肯定式】 ②The children won’t come home until it is dark. 【主句动词come短动词，until用否定式】 【语法】C. 用as soon as, whenever： ★as soon as 和whenever也可以引导时间状语从句。 (1)as soon as意为“一… 就…” It began to rain as soon as I left the house. I will call you as soon as my father comes back. 【主将从现】 (2)whenever意为“每当，任何时候” = no matter when = every time He always wears a smile on her face whenever we see her. 【语法】D. 重点短语句型 1.feel tired out 感到筋疲力尽 2. receive a call from my uncle 收到我舅舅的一个电话 3.come back from work 下班回家 4.be crazy about playing basketball 痴迷于打蓝球 5.become serious about basketball 对待篮球变得认真 ★be/become serious about (doing) sth. 认真对待某事 6.in a game against the Atlanta Hawks 在一场对抗亚特兰大老鹰队的比赛中 ★【重点】against介词： ①靠 eg: stand against the door 靠着门站立 ②迎着 eg: run against the strong wind 迎着大风奔跑 ③对抗 eg: play against the football team from Japan 与来自日本的足球队打比赛 ④反对 eg: I am against his plan. 我反对他的计划。反义词：for赞成 ⑤违反 eg: do something against the law 做了违反法律的事情 7.end his basketball career 结束他的篮球生涯 四、Integrated skills 1.break out （战争）爆发 【没有被动语态】 【回顾】break down 破坏，抛锚，毁掉 2.be translated into 67 languages 被翻译成67种语言 3.a record of that time 那个时代的记录 4.a symbol of the victory of the human spirit 人类精神胜利的象征 【spirit不可数名词】 【回顾】team spirit 团队精神 5.go into hiding in her father’s office 躲藏进了她父亲的办公室里 ★go into hiding 躲藏起来 6.【归纳】German德国人，德国的（非合成词）→复数Germans Walkman（非合成词） → Walkmans Roman → Romans human → humans 7.die of illness 死于疾病 ①die from the earthquake 死于地震 【die from 死于意外原因】 【若死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因)，一般用介词die of 如：die of illness (heart trouble, cancer, a fever, etc) 死于疾病 (心脏病，癌症，发烧等)】 【若死因不是存在人体之内或之上，而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)，一般用介词die from 。如： die from an earthquake (a traffic accident, a lightning, a stroke, etc) 死于地震(交通事故，雷击等) 。】 【若死因是环境影响到体内，即两方面共有的原因，则可用die of, die from 均可。如：die of [from] a drink ( a wound, overwork, starvation, hunger and cold, etc) 死于饮酒(受伤，劳累过度，饥饿，饥寒等)。】 ②die out 灭绝 ③die(vi.) → death(n.) → dead(adj.)死的 → dying (adj.)快要死的 8.Her father had her diary published. 她的父亲找人出版了她的日记。 ★①have sth. done 让某事被干 (请别人做某事） eg: have her diary published 让她的日记被出版（发行） have my shoes washed 让我的鞋子被洗 have my hair cut 让我的头发被剪 ★②类似结构： make sth./sb. done Eg: make myself heard 让他自己被听见 make himself understood 让他自己被理解 9.write down her thoughts, her feelings, her hopes and her dreams for the future. 写下她的想法、她的感受、她的希望和她对未来的梦想 ①thought 名词：想法、看法、主意 【thought也作think的过去式和过去分词】 ② her dreams for the future 她对未来的梦想 10.survive the war with his friends 和他的朋友经历战争后幸存下来 ①survive the war从战争中幸存下来 ② survivor(n.) 幸存者; survival(n.) 幸存 11.I admire these children for their courage. 我佩服这些孩子的勇气。【courage 不可数n.：勇气】 ①admire sb. for sth. 因为某事而敬佩某人 ②encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 【encourage 动词：鼓励】 12.It’s a pity that they couldn’t enjoy a happy life just as we do. 【it为形式主语，that引导主从】 他们不能像我们一样享受幸福的生活是件遗憾的事。 【区分】①as作连词：像......一样 （后接句子） ②like作介词：像......一样 （后接名词或代词或名词性短语，可转化为such as） 13.live in peace 生活在和平时期 14.live in fear of their lives 生活在他们对生命安全的恐惧中 五、Study skills 【A】凭构词方法猜测词义（Guessing the meaning of a word by its formation)。 (1)当我们读到新单词时，我们有时能通过它们的构词方法猜出它们的意思。 (2)有时后缀会更改一个单词的词性，但是单词的含义几乎保持不变。 因此，如果您知道单词 词根的含义，你可以猜出这个词的意思，例如illness, achievement,energetic,dangerous, freedom（自由）. (3)有时前缀或后缀会改变单词的意思，例如:incorrect,dislike, unlucky,homeless. (4)有时两个词结合在一起形成一个合成词，例如:blackboard. 有些合成词有连字符（-）， 例如:hard-working. 【B】重点短语句型 1.become a best-seller 成为一本最畅销的书 2.describe her boredom with being away from the outside world 描述了她与外面世界隔绝时的无聊。 六、Task 1.the person who has influenced me most（定从） 对我影响最大的人 2.in his fifties 在他50多岁的时侯 ★①in one’s teens / forties / fifties 在某人十几岁 / 四十几岁 / 五十几岁 ②in the seventies 在七十年代 ③in the 1980s (1980’s) 在20世纪80年代 3.a family who can’t afford a TV（定从） 买不起电视的一户人家 4.care for the children who have lost their parents（定从） 照顾那些失去父母的孩子 ★care for = look after = take care of 照顾 5.the blood (that) he has donated（定从） 他献的血 6.donate blood cells to people with blood cancer 捐出血细胞给血癌病人 【have a cancer 患癌症】 7.donate his body for medical research 捐出自己的遗体供医学研究 ★research 不可数名词：研究、调查、探索 Eg: The college students need to do some research for the project. 8.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 【surprise作不可数名词：惊讶，惊喜】 ①surprise 可作动词 eg: surprise sb. 使某人惊讶 ②surprised (adj.): 惊讶的 【修人】；surprising (adj.): 令人惊讶的 【修物】 9.seem to be kinder to others than to his own family 似乎对别人比对他的家人更好 ①seem用法：seem + 形； seem to do sth. ； It seems that + 从句 ②be kind to sb. 对某人友好 10.have a heart full of love 有一颗充满爱的心 My father has a heart full of love. = My father has a heart filled with love. （后置定语） =My father has a heart which/that is full of love.(定从） 单项选择 1. China’s panda Ya Ya finished ________ 30-day stay in Shanghai after landing in China and then was sent to ________ Beijing Zoo in May. A. a; a B. a; the C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：中国熊猫丫丫在抵达中国后，在上海待了30天，然后于5月被送往北京动物园。 考查冠词。a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。根据“...30-day stay”泛指“一段30天的停留”，thirty是以辅音音素开头的单词，此空应用不定冠词a；Beijing Zoo是地名，它的前面不用冠词。故选C。 2. —Millie, I can’t solve the problems by myself. What should I do? —Maybe working in groups is a good ________. A. challenge B. standard C. method D. therapy 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——米莉，我自己解决不了这些问题。我该怎么办？——也许小组合作是个好方法。 考查名词辨析。challenge挑战；standard标准；method方法；therapy治疗。根据“What should I do?”和“Maybe working in groups is a good...”可知，问句询问该怎么办，“小组合作”是给出的解决问题的方法，method符合题意。故选C。 3. While reading newspapers, we usually ________ the headlines to get the general information. A. look at B. look after C. look out D. look through 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在阅读报纸时，我们通常浏览标题来了解大体上的信息。 考查动词短语。look at看；look after照顾；look out当心；look through浏览。根据“While reading newspapers, we usually ... the headlines to get the general information.”可知，浏览标题就可以大体知道新闻的内容了。故选D。 4. Don’t be afraid of difficulties. Remember that kites rise highest ________ the wind, not with it. A. against B. above C. across D. along 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：不要害怕困难。记住，风筝逆着风才能飞得最高，而不是顺着风。 考查介词辨析。against违反，反对；above在……之上；across穿过；along沿着。根据“Remember that kites rise highest...the wind, not with it.”可知，风筝要逆风才能飞得最高，against the wind“逆风”。故选A。 5. —Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day? —For your health, you ________ be too careful. A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——妈妈，为什么我一天要洗手这么多次？——为了你的健康，你越小心越好。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必。根据“For your health, you...be too careful.”可知，为了健康，再小心也为不过，can’t be too+形容词表示“越……越好，再……也不为过”。故选A。 6. —Why is the Belt and Road Initiative（一带一路）________ by the rest of the world? —Because it has helped improve lives of 30 percent of the world’s population. A. forced B. praised C. reminded D. doubted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——为什么“一带一路”受到世界其他国家的赞扬？——因为它帮助改善了世界上30%人口的生活。 考查动词辨析。forced强迫；praised表扬；reminded提醒；doubted怀疑。根据“Because it has helped improve lives of 30 percent of the world's population.”可知，一带一路是有益处的，所以是被表扬。故选B。 7. —Peter, what difficulty have you had ________ English so far? —I’m weak in listening. Luckily, I often get some advice that is worth ________ from Mr. Wu. A. to learn; to take B. to learn; taking C. learning; taking D. learning; to take 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——彼得，到目前为止，你学习英语有什么困难吗？——我的英语听力不好。幸运的是，我经常从吴老师那里得到一些值得借鉴的建议。 考查非谓语动词。have difficulty doing sth“做某事有困难”，第一空是动名词learning；be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，第二空是动名词taking。故选C。 8. ________ she couldn’t afford to buy a flat for herself, she went back to live with her mother. A. If B. Though C. Unless D. Since 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：由于她买不起自己的公寓，她回去和母亲住在一起。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Though虽然；Unless除非；Since由于，因为。分析句子，可知“she couldn’t afford to buy a flat for herself”是“she went back to live with her mother (她回去和母亲住在一起)”的原因，空处应是since。故选D。 9. —Why did you buy such a small shelf? ________ books ________ shoes can be put on it. —But my blind boxes can, I guess. A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but also 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你为什么买这么小的架子？书和鞋子都不能放在上面。——但我想我的盲盒可以。 考查短语辨析。either...or...或者……或者……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；both...and...……和……都；not only...but also...不但……而且……。根据“Why did you buy such a small shelf?”可知，架子太小，书和鞋子都放不上去。故选B。 10. —When shall we go back to Rugao? I’m really not used to the food here. —________. A. Until the work will be done B. Until the work is done C. Not until the work is done D. Not until the work will be done 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们什么时候回如皋？我真的不习惯这里的食物。——直到工作完成（才回去）。 考查时间状语从句。until引导的是时间状语从句，从句遵循主将从现的原则，因此从句用一般现在时，所以A选项、D选项错误；根据题意“直到工作完成才回去”可知，not…until意为“直到……才”，故选C。 11. —No one can succeed without hard work. —Exactly. So ________ you work, ________ you will be to your dream. A. the harder; the closer B. the harder; the more closely C. the more hardly; the closer D. the more hardly; the more closely 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意——没有人不努力就能成功。——没错。所以，你越努力，你就会离梦想越近。 考查形容词比较级和副词比较级的用法。the harder越努力（the+副词比较级）；the closer越近（the+形容词比较级）；the more closely越近（the+副词比较级）；the more hardly（错误表达）。根据“...you work, ...you will be to your dream”和选项可知，此处表示“越努力，离梦想就越近”。此处应是“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，就越……”，第一空是副词比较级harder，修饰动词work；第二空是形容词比较级closer，作表语。故选A。 12. —Cindy, can I have a look at your notebook? It looks special. —Sorry. I usually write down something ________ in it. A. perfect B. practical C. pleasant D. personal 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——Cindy，我能看看你的笔记本吗？它看起来很特别。——对不起。我通常在里面写一些私人的东西。 考查形容词辨析。perfect完美的；practical真实的；pleasant开心的；personal个人的。根据“Sorry. I usually write down something...in it.”可知，拒绝对方看自己笔记本的原因是里面写了一些私人的东西。故选D。 13. —Do you think she can win the singing competition? —Sure. You can easily ________ her excellent singing skills. A. take notice of B. come up with C. try out for D. think twice about 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你认为她能赢得歌唱比赛吗？——当然。你可以很容易地注意到她出色的歌唱技巧。 考查动词短语。take notice of注意；come up with提出；try out for参加……的选拔；think twice about三思而后行。根据“Do you think she can win the singing competition?”和“Sure”可知，能很容易注意到她出色的歌唱技巧，所以认为她能赢得唱歌比赛。故选A。 14. —Are there any questions for you about the TV play Meet yourself? —Yes, I want to know ________ in the next episode（集）. A. who will the actor go camping with B. if the actor will go camping with the actress C. that the actor will go camping with the actress D. when the actor would go camping with the actress 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——关于电视剧《去有风地方》，你有要问的问题吗？ ——是的，我想知道下一集那个男演员是否会和那个女演员一起去露营。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知空格处填宾语从句，根据宾语从句疑问词后面跟陈述语序，可以排除选项A；C选项内容是已经明确或知道的内容，与语境不符；D选项中“would”时态不对。故选B。 15. —Good news! Another new member in the Beidou family was sent into space. —Scientists tried their best to pay attention to every detail. To them, ________. A. it never rains but it pours B. a miss is as good as a mile C. a friend in need is a friend indeed D. the grass is always greener on the other side 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——好消息！北斗大家庭的又一个新成员被送入太空了。——科学家们尽力注意每一个细节。对他们来说，失之毫厘，谬以千里。 考查谚语。it never rains but it pours不鸣则已，一鸣惊人；a miss is as good as a mile失之毫厘，谬以千里；a friend in need is a friend indeed患难见真情；the grass is always greener on the other side这山望着那山高。根据“Scientists tried their best to pay attention to every detail.”可知，科学家们尽力注意每一个细节，所以对他们来说，应是“失之毫厘，谬以千里”。故选B。 完形填空 Amy Purdy is a world-class player, model, and actress. She has achieved amazing success in her life and hasn’t let ____16____ slow her down—even the loss of both legs! Amy started snowboarding（滑雪）when she was 15. She moved to the mountains where she could ____17____ snowboard after finishing high school. She felt she can totally ____18____ her life. But at 19, she got a terrible disease that left her with only a two-percent chance of survival. Luckily, Amy survived, ____19____ she lost a kidney (肾), the hearing of her left ear, and both legs below the knees. For a long time, Amy felt depressed（沮丧的） and had no ____20____ for life. But when she closed her eyes, she could still see herself snowboarding. She decided not to let this ____21____ take over（接管）her life. By the time she was 21, she was back on her board, wearing artificial（人造的）____22____ she had built by herself. The first time she tried to use them, she fell off, but the legs kept going ____23____ the hill without her! After a few years of hard training using her new legs, Amy was able to ____24____ her best performance level（水平）．She became the Para-Snow-boarding World Champion in 2012, and she later ____25____ the third place in the 2014 Paralympic Games（残奥会）． Amy’s new life was beyond（超越）what she ____26____. Surprisingly, she became a celebrity, a fashion model and an actress. Most ____27____, she started helping people like her to do the sports they love. She started a company that made artificial legs and ____28____ an organization that introduced people with physical disabilities to action sports. Now, if you ask Amy, “Would you want to ____29____ your present life?” she would say no. Losing her legs has not made her ____30____. According to Amy, “Facing our fears allows us to live beyond our borders（边界）. ” 16. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 17. A. closely B. quickly C. widely D. easily 18. A. need B. fear C. control D. search 19. A. and B. but C. so D. or 20. A. sense B. care C. hope D. doubt 21. A. expression B. decision C. competition D. situation 22. A. legs B. arms C. hands D. feet 23. A. around B. over C. up D. down 24. A. reach B. accept C. drop D. imagine 25. A. lost B. won C. missed D. named 26. A discussed B. regretted C. expected D. suggested 27. A. recently B. properly C. luckily D. importantly 28. A. saved B. created C. checked D. received 29. A. change B. choose C. stand D. manage 30. A. lucky B. disabled C. successful D. powerful 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一位残疾人艾米·珀迪的故事，虽然身体残疾，但是却很成功。 【16题详解】 句意：她在生活中取得了惊人的成功，没有让任何事放慢她的脚步——甚至失去了双腿！ anything任何事，用于疑问句或否定句；something一些事；everything所有事；nothing没什么。根据“...hasn’t let...slow her down—even the loss of both legs!”可知是没有让任何事放慢她的脚步，且是否定句。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：高中毕业后，她搬到了山区，在那里她可以容易地滑雪。 closely紧紧地；quickly快速地；widely广泛地；easily容易地。根据“She moved to the mountains”可知搬去山区是为了更容易滑雪。故选D。 【18题详解】 句意：她感觉她可以完全掌控她的生活。 need需要；fear害怕；control控制；search搜寻。根据“She felt she can totally...her life.”可知是完全掌控生活。故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：幸运的是，艾米活了下来，但是她失去了一个肾脏，失去了左耳的听力以及双腿膝盖以下。 and和；but但是；so因此；or或者。前后句表转折，应用but，故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：在很长一段时间里，艾米感到沮丧，对于生活没有了希望。 sense感知；care关心；hope希望；doubt怀疑。根据“For a long time, Amy felt depressed（沮丧的） and had no...for life.”可知是对生活没有了希望。故选C。 【21题详解】 句意：她决定不让这种状况接管她的生活。 expression表情；decision决定；competition比赛；situation状况。根据“She decided not to let this...take over（接管）her life.”可知是让这种消极的状况接管她的生活。故选D。 【22题详解】 句意：到她21岁时，她又回到了滑雪板上，穿着自己制作的人造腿。 legs腿；arms手臂；hands手；feet脚。根据“she lost a kidney (肾), the hearing of her left ear, and both legs below the knees.”可知她失去了腿，所以穿着的是人造腿。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：当她第一次试着使用它们时，她掉了下来，但这个腿在没有她的情况继续自己下山！ around周围；over超过；up向上；down向下。根据文章内容她做的是滑雪运动，因此此空是下山符合情景。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：在用她的新腿进行了几年的艰苦训练后，艾米能够达到她最好的表现水平。 reach到达；accept接受；drop滴落；imagine想象。根据“Amy was able to...her best performance level”可知是达到最好的水平，故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：她在2012年成为残奥会单板滑雪世界冠军，后来在2014年残奥会上获得第三名。 lost丢失；won赢得；missed错过；named命名。根据“she later...the third place in the 2014 Paralympic Games（残奥会）．” 可知是赢得第三名。故选B。 【26题详解】 句意：艾米的新生活超出了她的期望。 discussed讨论；regretted后悔；expected期望；suggested建议。根据“Surprisingly, she became a celebrity, a fashion model and an actress.”可知她很惊讶她现在都成了名人，因此是超出了期望。故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：最重要的是，她开始帮助像她这样的人做他们喜欢的运动。 recently最近；properly合适地；luckily幸运地；importantly重要地。根据“she started helping people like her to do the sports they love.”可知是最重要的是，她开始帮助其他人。故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：她创办了一家制造假腿的公司，以及创造了一家向肢体残疾人士介绍动作运动的组织。 saved拯救；created创造；checked检查；received接收。根据“...an organization that introduced people with physical disabilities to action sports.”可知是创造了这样一个组织。故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：你想过改变你现在的生活吗？ change改变；choose选择；stand站立；manage管理。根据“she would say no...Facing our fears allows us to live beyond our borders.”可知艾米说不，要直面害怕，因此此空是问艾米是否想改变失去腿的生活，故选A。 【30题详解】 句意：失去双腿并没有让她残疾。 lucky幸运；disabled残疾的；successful成功的；powerful有能量的。根据“Facing our fears allows us to live beyond our borders”可知艾米认为直面害怕可以让自己更好，所以她虽然身体残疾，但是心理未残疾。故选B。 阅读理解 A Flying Fish Drones(无人机)are common these days. This one is known as TJ-Flying Fish. It was developed by Tongji University. Unlike most other drones, it can not only fly in the air but also swim in the water. The drone weighs 1.63 kg. The battery charge(电量) lasts for six minutes of flight or about 40 minutes of movement in the water. Talking Glasses Researchers from Cornell University, US, made a pair of glasses. It looks nothing special, but it can actually read lips! There are sensors(传感器)on the frame. They can understand silent speech based on lip and mouth movements. Then it can send the text toa smart phone. For people who cannot speak, the eyeglasses will give them a voice. It is correct 95 percent of the time. Subway Tickets in the Palm of Your Hand Beijing Subway has introduced a new technology which can be used to pay for a ticket—a system for scanning (扫描) people’s palms. Palm print scanners can be seen installed at ticket gates along the Daxing International Airport Line. Compared with other technologies such as the QR code, palm print payment can help people to get on the train in case their mobile phones run out of battery. 31. From all the above news, readers can know that A. people can see palm print scanners at Daxing Airport. B. the smart glasses can offer exactly correct information. C. TJ-Flying Fish was invented by teachers in Tongji University. D. TJ-Flying Fish can fly for 40 minutes in the sky with one battery. 32. What do all the new inventions have in common? A. To take less battery power. B. To be used with smart phones. C. To help the disabled live a better life. D. To bring more possibilities to people’s lives. 33. In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A. Star Stories. B. Amazing Inventions. C. Reading Fun. D. Imagine the Future. 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了三种神奇的发明。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Palm print scanners can be seen installed at ticket gates along the Daxing International Airport Line.”可知人们可以在大兴机场看到掌纹扫描仪。故选A。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了三种神奇的发明，都是科技的革新，都给人们的生活带来了更多可能和便利。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍的是三种神奇的发明，最可能出现在报纸中与“发明”相关的部分。故选B。 B For many girls from villages in China, a dream job could be anything, except working in a village. But Zhang Guifang, a 24-year-old college graduate, returned to her village instead of continuing running her business in Tianjin. As a young member of the Communist Party of China, she was chosen as the Party secretary (书记) of Sanjia village in December, 2021. She once raised many ideas to develop her village, but they weren’t put into practice because of lacking money. The “rainbow village” idea was accepted because it didn’t cost a lot of money. Zhang hoped to bring in many tourists through this project and develop the local economy. She spent five months planning the creation of wall paintings of colorful sunflowers, wings and balloons to make the houses and walls of the village beautiful. For the first time, Sanjia has become famous, with pictures of the village spreading widely on the Internet. As a young village head, Zhang’s job isn’t easy. There are endless things to do, and there are no days off. She often cried at first and once wanted to give up. However, she told herself that no matter how hard things were, she would hold on for another month. Slowly, she was approved by many villagers, which improved her confidence and led her to set bigger goals. Zhang hoped that as long as she was there, Sanjia would go in a better direction toward a bright future. 34. What did Zhang do in Tianjin? A. She ran her own business. B. She drew pictures for Sanjia village. C. She opened a countryside study base. D. She sold bottles of water on the street. 35. Why was the “rainbow village” idea accepted? A. Because it could bring many tourists. B. Because it didn’t require a lot of money. C. Because it could get paid in five months. D. Because it could be put into practice quickly. 36. The underlined word “approved” in Para. 4 means “________”. A. disagreed B. accepted C. impressed D. refused 37. Which of the words can describe Zhang? A. Humorous and energetic. B. Confident and modest. C. Organized and curious. D. Creative and hard-working. 【答案】34. A 35. B 36. B 37. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作为一名年轻有为的中国共产党党员，24岁的大学毕业生张桂芳放弃在天津经营的生意回到农村，决心带领全村人脱贫致富的故事。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But Zhang Guifang, a 24-year-old college graduate, returned to her village instead of continuing running her business in Tianjin.”可知，之前在天津做生意。故选A。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“because it didn't cost a lot of money.”可知，因为这个想法不需要花费太多钱，所以被采纳。故选B。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Slowly, she was approved by many villagers, which improved her confidence and led her to set bigger goals.”可知，她慢慢地被村民们认可，得到村民的支持。此处approved与accepted意思相近，意为“接受，认可”。故选B。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，她通过打造“彩虹村”的方法来带领全村人脱贫致富，可见她很有创造力；结合“There are endless things to do, and there are no days off. She often cried at first and once wanted to give up.”可知，她也很努力。故选D。 C Among all the pen productions, writing brush(máo bǐ) is a kind of special writing tool made in China mainly. Archaeologists(考古学家) said that writing brush or some pens like brush first appeared more than 5000 years ago. It wasn’t widely used until the Warring States Period(476 BC-221 BC). Hengshui, Xuancheng and Huzhou were three centers for making writing brushes in Chinese history. People in the hometown of writing brush, Hengshui, still celebrate the invention of brush every year. A writing brush includes two important parts and materials used to make each part are quite different. Materials for the head part includes rabbit hair, horse hair, pig hair and so on. If you want to buy a Chinese brush as a gift for your friends, you can choose the one with soft hairs, mixed hairs or hard hairs according to their writing styles. Chinese people like to make a writing brush from the first haircut a baby gets. It’s believed that a writing brush made from the hair of newborn babies will bring good luck while taking exams. As for stalks(笔杆), normal materials are usually wood, but we can also see some special ones made from ivory, gold and some other expensive materials. It is considered that writing brush is the most important one among Four Treasures of Chinese Study. The other three are ink stick, paper, and ink stone. In Chinese calligraphy(书法) and Chinese painting, writing brush is widely used. In old China, children had to learn calligraphy and try to write a good handwriting. Even the emperors(皇帝) themselves were good at calligraphy. Nowadays, Chinese people still practice calligraphy with writing brush from a very young age. When writing, many people will forget all worries and even themselves, turning all thoughts into the beauty of art. People think it helps improve a person’s temper(脾气). Writing brush is not only a means of communication, but also a means of expressing a person’s inner world. 38. According to the article, the hometown of writing brush is ________. A. Hengshui B. Xuancheng C. Huzhou D. Changzhou 39. In the underlined sentence in Para. 4, the writer mentions “the emperors” to show ________. A. calligraphy is difficult for emperors to learn B. the Chinese emperors were all good at calligraphy C. the emperors improved their temper with calligraphy D. people paid great attention to calligraphy in ancient China 40. We may know from the passage that ________. A. people started to use the writing brush 4000 years ago B. Chinese people now still use writing brush in many fields C. writing brush made from the human hair will help you get good grades D. writing brush is the most important one among Four Inventions in China 41. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】38. A 39. D 40. B 41. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了毛笔的历史、制作毛笔的材料以及毛笔的重要性。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“People in the hometown of writing brush, Hengshui, still celebrate the invention of brush every year.”可知，毛笔的故乡是衡水。故选A。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段第三句和第四句“ In old China, children had to learn calligraphy and try to write a good handwriting.Even the emperors(皇帝) themselves were good at calligraphy.”可推测，古时候中国人民很重视书法，就连皇帝都要擅长书法。故选D。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后三句“Nowadays, Chinese people still practice calligraphy with writing brush from a very young age. When writing, many people will forget all worries and even themselves, turning all thoughts into the beauty of art. People think it helps improve a person’s temper(脾气).”可推测，中国人现今仍然在很多领域使用毛笔。故选B。 【41题详解】 篇章结构题。文章第一段先引出主题，第二、三、四段分别阐述了毛笔的历史、制作毛笔的材料以及毛笔的重要性，最后一段总结全文。因此篇章结构应是“总——分——总”的结构。故选D。 D “Welcome to our new ‘classroom’! ” said Chen Dong, one of the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission. They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on October 12. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module (实验舱) since its launch in July. The former two classes were held in the Tianhe core module (核心舱). What does the new “classroom” look like? Chen, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, showed us around. “The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally (横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity (重力) in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling or upside down! The astronauts also showed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat, thale cress (拟南芥) and rice are grown. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample (样本). “I’ll put it into a fridge at -80℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth, ” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants. “Can you see the water drops coming from the leaves? This is called ‘guttation’ (植物吐水现象),” said Liu, holding the well-grown rice. In space, the water drops are much bigger than those on Earth. So people can clearly see the guttation. “We hope in the near future, we can harvest the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can harvest food on the other planets like the moon or even Mars!” 42. How do astronauts in the Wentian module sleep? A. B. C. D. 43. How do scientists on Earth study the plants in the space station? A. By growing the plants in space themselves. B. By taking and collecting pictures themselves. C. By studying the samples astronauts bring back. D. By watching them through real-time (实时) video cameras. 44. What does the underlined word “it” in Para. 4 refer to? A. A picture. B. A pack of rice. C. A piece of lettuce. D. A piece of thale cress. 45. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Farmers can get crops on the moon soon. B. “Guttation” can be seen from leaves of rice. C. Scientists will try to grow food on the moon or even Mars. D. Lettuce, wheat, thale cress will be grown on other planets, too. 【答案】42. C 43. C 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在10月12日，“太空教师”陈冬在中国空间站给广大青少年上太空科普课的事情。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up!”可知，航天员在问天实验舱需要站着睡觉，选项C图片符合描述。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I’ll put it into a fridge...how the environment of space affects the growth of plants.”可知，航天员会将样品放进冰箱然后交给地球上的科学家，所以科学家是通过航天员带回来的样品来研究太空植物的。故选C。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample (样本).”可知，这里指剪下一片拟南芥作为样品送到地球，因此“it”指代“一片拟南芥”，故选D。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Maybe one day, we can harvest food on the other planets like the moon or even Mars!”可知，或许有一天，科学家们将尝试在月球或火星等其他星球上种植植物。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$