新概念英语第三册 Lesson 27 Nothing to Sell and Nothing to buy 课堂笔记

Lesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing to buy不卖也不买 1、It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. 据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。 · 非谓语动词to sell 和to buy （动词不定式），作定语修饰名词 eg. 我是第一个到的人。 I am the first person to arrive. · It is/was said that… 据说…（主语从句） · It is reported/ estimated/ known that… 据报道 / 据估计 / 据了解 · In the light of 根据，鉴于 = Considering sth. eg. 照以往的经验解决这个问题。 Solve the problem in the light of the past experience. eg. 鉴于这次事故，我们取消了这次旅行。 We cancelled this trip in the light of this accident. = In the light of this accident, we cancelled this trip. · state (n.) 国家，洲 （v.） 陈述，说明 statement (n.) 陈述，说明 · philosopher (n.) 哲学家 philosophy (n.) 哲学 · wisdom (n.) 智慧 wise(adj.) 智慧的 · spiritual (adj.) 精神的 spirit(n.) 精神 · comfort (n.) 舒适，安慰 comfortable (adj.) 舒适的 2、Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. 虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。 · Though (conj.) 尽管，虽然 （引导让步状语从句） = Although = Even if = Even though = While · goods (n.) 货品，货物（n.）（集合名词）= product(s) 产品 eg. imported goods 进口产品 goods and service 产品与服务 eg. 这个商店卖各种各样的货物。 This shop sells a rich variety of goods. = This shop sells all kinds of goods. = This shop sells various goods. · term (1)n. 学期 eg. the autumn/spring/summer term the end of term examinations 期终考试 (2)n.术语 eg. legal terms 法律术语 scientific terms 科学术语 · in terms of 从…方面来说 eg. 从GDP方面来说，中国是个强大的国家。 In terms of GDP, China is a powerful country. eg. 从画面来说，这个游戏值得一玩。 In terms of the game scene, the game is worth playing. eg. 从服务来说，我们不要买这个产品。 In terms of service, we decide not to buy this product. · estimate (v.) 预估，估计 eg. overestimate 高估 underestimate 低估 eg. 你能估计下它值多少钱吗？ Can you estimate how much it cost? eg. 她估计这项工作需要三个月。 She estimated that this task would cost 3 months. · extremely (adv.) 极度地，非常地 extreme (adj.) 极度的，极端的 （n.） 极端 extremely difficult = very difficult 非常难 · perform (v.) 表演，执行 = do performance (n.) 表演 eg. perform task 执行任务 perform the duty 履行职责 perform the operation 动手术 3、There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell. 有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。 · willingly (adv.) 愿意地 反：unwillingly/reluctantly 不愿意地 · be (un)willing to do （不）愿意做某事 · grudge (v.) 不愿意，吝惜 eg. 她从不吝惜花在衣服上的钱。 She never grudges the money which she spends on clothes. · surgeon (n.) 外科医生 · precisely (adv.) 准确地 = exactly · such that + 同位语从句 eg. 幸福就是如此，每一个人都平静地生活。 Happiness is such that everyone lives peacefully. 4、Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human being to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. 在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。 · beggar 乞丐 （n.） —— beg (v.) 乞求 · tramp 流浪汉（n.）—— trump(n.) 王牌 · exception (n.) 例外 —— except (prep.) 除了 · arouse (v.) 激起，引起，唤起 · 激起同情/愤怒，引起注意/好奇 arouse the pity/sympathy/anger/attention/curiosity · passer-by 过路人（单数）—— passers-by （复数） · seek (vt.) 寻找（+ 抽象名词） look for 寻找（+ 具体名词） eg. 寻找独立/快乐/知识/自由 seek independence/ happiness/knowledge /freedom · independence (n.) 独立—— dependence (n.) 依靠 independent (adj.)独立的—— dependent (adj.) 依靠的 · depend (v.) 依靠，依赖 · depend on sb. 依靠某人 = depend upon sb. · sacrifice A for B 为了B，牺牲A · dignity (n.)[U] 尊严 eg. lose dignity 失去尊严 preserve dignity 保持尊严 possess dignity 拥有尊严 destroy dignity 践踏尊严 5、A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. 游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。 · deliberately (adv.)故意地 = on purpose eg. 你故意这么做的。 You did it deliberately. = You did it on purpose. · lead one’s life 过着…的生活 · be/become aware(adj.) of 意识到 = realize (v.) eg. 意识到危险/风险/危机 be aware of danger / risk / crisis · consequence (n.) 后果 （贬）—— result (n.) 结果 （中性） cause (n.) 起因 （贬）—— reason(n.) 原因（中性） · cause and consequences 因果 · be free from 免除 · anxiety (n.) 焦虑（单数） anxieties (n.) 焦虑（复数） · afflict (v.) 折磨 6、His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. 他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。 · far closer 近得很（far用来修饰比较级closer） much closer 近得多 a little closer 一点儿近 · occasionally(adv.) = sometimes 有时候 · in times of 在…的重要时刻 eg. 在危机关头 in times of crisis eg. 在真正需要的时候 in times of real need eg. 在庆祝的重要时刻 in times of celebration 7、We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care? 说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？ · contempt (n.) 蔑视，轻视 · have/feel contempt for sb. 看不起某人 eg. 我看不起那些考试作弊的同学。 I feel contempt for those classmates who cheats in the examination. eg. 我看不起那些失去尊严的人。 I have contempt for those people who lose their dignity. · feel/be envious of 羡慕（褒）（envious: adj. 羡慕的） feel/be jealous of 嫉妒（贬）（jealous: adj. 嫉妒的） · freedom from care 无忧无虑，自由自在 Supplementary exercises: · The Radcliffe college is with Harvard university. The Harvard faculty provides all instruction, and Radcliffe graduate receive Harvard degrees. A. affiliated B. connected C.linked D. attached 解析：正确答案 A 雷德克雷夫学院附属于哈佛大学，哈佛教授提供其所有课程，其毕业生获得哈佛所授学位。 A. be affiliated with/to 隶属于，附属于； B. connect with 连接； C. link with 连接，链接； D. attach to 附着。 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$