精品解析：河南省邓州市春雨国文学校2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷

邓州春雨国文学校高三英语10月月考试卷 (120分钟　150分) 第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Cold rains, icy sidewalks and gray skies can make winter travel a trial. But hot drinks, snowy slopes, frozen lakes and blue skies full of fresh air? That’s the kind of winter we can all have a try. Here are some cities around the world that make for a great cold-weather destination. Prague, Czech Republic With its snow-capped towers and cobbled winding streets, Prague is a fairytale city that remains relatively tourist-free in winter. The unusual and impressive architecture looks even prettier under a sheet of snow. Gas street lamps throughout the city center add a romantic color to evenings. Cafes here are ideal for escaping the bitter cold. The fascinating Estates Theatre, where Mozart conducted the world premiere(首演) of “Don Giovanni” in 1787, is a must. Tromso, Norway Tromso, known as the capital of the Arctic, is great in winter. It’s widely regarded as Norway’s most beautiful city and is a base for spotting the northern lights. There are also fascinating museums, including the Polar Museum, which offers an insight into the history of Arctic expeditions, and the Tromso Museum, famous for its Sami exhibitions. Amsterdam, Netherlands In winter, Amsterdam’s museums are much less crowded, making it the time to visit attractions such as Rijksmuseum or the Anne Frank House. Built originally to house a circus, the Royal Carré Theatre is more than 130 years old. Children will love the spectacular performances. Edinburgh, Scotland Cobbled streets, a beautiful castle and lovely public gardens make Edinburgh a beautiful city any time of year, but in winter it’s breathtaking. Princes Street Gardens is transformed into a wonderland, with ice skating rinks, enormous Christmas trees and a Ferris wheel. On the edge of the city, Arthur’s Seat is the perfect location for a winter walk and the views from the top are second to none. 1. What is one of the attractions of Prague in winter? A. No charge for all tourists. B. Iconic architectures covered by snow. C. Colorful gas lamps for street lighting. D. Mozart’s performance “Don Giovanni”. 2. If you take your 4-year-old kid, which place is the best choice? A. Prague, Czech Republic. B. Tromso, Norway. C. Amsterdam, Netherlands. D. Edinburgh, Scotland. 3. Where is this text probably from? A. A tour blog. B. A travel magazine. C. A geography textbook. D. A government website. B Donatella Flick was the winner of the competition’s 17th part She wanted to find young conductors at the beginning of their careers and make sure they had tools to enable them not to give up until they succeed. “It’s so important to train young talents and give them the opportunities to succeed,” she said, reflecting on founding the Donatella Flick Conducting Competition 33 years ago. That was why, she emphasized, the prize went beyond the cash award — which was a healthy £15,000 — and offered the winner the opportunity to assist the London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) for a year. They could work with some of the world’s finest conductors and lay foundations for a successful conducting career. Flick was born Princess Donatella Missikoff. Since 1917, Flick has successfully built a career and reputation as an artist. She now organizes charitable foundations and project all over the world. With the Competition, she was motivated by finding more talents in unexpected places — before diversity and inclusion spread through different industries as new “buzzwords”. “One way to do this was to broaden the range for applications, so we opened up entries to conductors from Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland in 2018. Since then, I’ve been very pleased to see conductors from those countries reach the list of competitors,” she said. “One of the major changes that I’ve been very happy to see is that more women are applying for the Competition now than when we started in 1990, and I hope this continues in future competitions.” In view of the fact that only four of the 20 conductors — that was 20 percent — who qualified for the 2023 competition were women, it was clear that a gender imbalance persisted. “I think we have a new generation of female conductors emerging, and I would deeply encourage them to apply to the Competition if they’re at the start of their careers,” Flick said, still hopeful. 4. Why did Flick found the Conducting Competition? A To become famous. B. To continue her family tradition. C. To train the future stars of conducting. D. To promote the finest conductors’ careers. 5. How did Flick help young conductors? A. By introducing them to some world-class orchestras. B. By supporting them financially. C. By equipping them with conducting tools. D. By providing more opportunities for them. 6. What major change does the Conducting Competition bring? A. The range for applications is broadened every year. B. More females intend to take part in it now. C. Youths worldwide engage themselves in conducting. D. Males account for 80% of the qualified conductors. 7. Which of the following can best describe Flick? A. Kind and ambitious. B. Generous and brave. C. Sensible and creative. D. Energetic and productive. C In a recent study, researchers burned scented candles (香薰蜡烛) in several rooms — ranging from a small bathroom measuring 6 by 6 by 9 feet to a living room measuring 15 by 15 by 9 feet — and then used special instruments to determine what was released into the air. They found that while some cancer-causing chemicals were produced, the highest levels measured after four hours of continuous burning were less than half as high as the recommended indoor air quality limits set by the World Health Organization. This led the study authors to conclude that under normal conditions, scented candles won’t pose any health risks. It’s important to note that only a small number of studies have looked into the health effects of burning scented candles. And most, including this one, were conducted by researchers sponsored by the candle industry, but health authorities have claimed that the authors findings are solid. “When candles burn, they release chemicals in relatively insignificant concentrations,” said Pamela Dalton, a researcher at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia. “The amount of unpleasant materials produced in general is on the order of a few parts per million or even parts per billion, which is like pouring a teaspoon’s worth of a chemical into an Olympic-sized swimming pool.” “Exposure to chemicals released by scented candles is so low that they pose no significant risk to human health,” said Nikaeta Sadekar, an expert with the nonprofit Research Institute for Fragrance Materials.“Even the highest users of scented candles are not putting themselves at any considerable risk of harm.” According to Dr. Dalton, humans can detect a pleasant smell at very low concentrations. “We’ve been told that we’re at the low end of the animal kingdom in terms of being able to detect various smells. That’s just not true,” she said. “Our nose can often smell things in the air even when they are barely there. When we smell something, it just smells strong. We tend to automatically assume that what we’re breathing represents a high concentration. And very often that’s not the case.” 8. What did researchers do after they burned scented candles? A. They removed some cancer-causing chemicals. B. They used instruments to clean the air for hours. C. They checked to see which one lasted the longest. D. They measured air quality in rooms of various sizes 9. What does the author tell us about the study’s conclusion? A. It has been supported by officials. B. It is based on unsponsored research. C It may be misleading for the candle industry. D. It goes against findings from previous studies. 10. Which statement would Dalton and Sadekar agree with? A. It is a bit risky to burn scented candles in small rooms B. Some new types of scented candles are cancer-causing C It is quite safe to use scented candles on a regular basis. D. Burning scented candles won’t produce unpleasant materials 11. What did Dalton say about human sense of smell? A. It needs to be improved. B. It is very sensitive. C. It has been generally poor. D. It is often changeable. D As AI art generators (生成器) take the world by storm some people wonder if their works should count as art at all. The technology is still developing and has some wrinkles to iron out, which means there are indeed flaws to consider alongside the incredible artwork a good artificial intelligence can produce. Art is classed as the product of imagination, skill, experience, and emotion, usually meant to represent something for the public to enjoy. Artists spent time and effort putting their inner worlds onto these works. Machine intelligence also puts a lot of work into sorting through tons of data, linking someone’s prompt to datasets, and trying to represent it as best as possible. The difference is that the AI is driven by commands instead of an emotional desire to express itself. AI painters can produce over 1,000 original works of art with every tap of the enter key on a keyboard. But a mass-produced print of the Mona Lisa is worth less than the actual Leonardo da Vinci’s painting. Why? Scarcity — there’s only one of the original. Should anyone pay for these things? And if an artist puts AI masterpieces up for sale, what should the price be? AI art involves a program mimicking (模仿) the work of existing artists to create a new piece according to the request of a human. But who made the artwork, the machine or its user? And can the original artists sue for copyright (版权) violation? Such questions complicate the merging of artificial intelligence and the art industry, while fueling arguments against recognizing AI-generated art as marketable artistic products. Once we’ve answered those questions, we can tackle the really big one: When an AI-generated painting wins an award, who gets the prize? 12. What does the underlined word “flaws” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Benefits. B. Advances. C. Weaknesses. D. Standards. 13. How is AI art different from human art? A. It is the product of experience. B. It costs less money to produce. C. It combines different styles of work. D. It is not a mirror of humans’ emotions. 14. Why does the writer mention Mona Lisa in the third paragraph? A. To prove the popularity of classic artworks. B. To present the potential trouble with the value of AI art. C. To show the advantages of AI painters over human artists. D. To introduce a new way of preserving art masterpieces. 15. What can we infer from paragraph 4? A. AI art promotes the sale of artistic products. B. AI art makes copyright issues more complicated. C. Artists can create more works with the help of AI. D. There will be fierce competition in the art industry. 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy. ____16____. You probably are wondering why you are shy. It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now. ____17____ Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons. One of the negative sides of being shy is having the tendency to be passive. Most of the time shy people can’t stand up for themselves and what they believe is right. ____18____This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life. While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides. Shy people are usually good observers and do not get themselves into too much trouble because they try to observe their environment or any situation before they act. ____19____ They can also make great friends. Since they have difficulties in social scenes, making friends seems to be a must. Therefore, they value their friends wholeheartedly and have proven to be loyal and thoughtful friends. ____20____ Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments. A. But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic. B. They are sensitive and accustomed to getting suspicious. C. Because some people are born to be shy, they let it go hang. D. So if you’re feeling shy, don’t worry because you are not alone. E. They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions. F. Although shyness is something from birth, it can be improved over time. G. They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) The history of human beings is naturally a process to pursue happiness, which is the ultimate purpose of life. Happiness makes us cope with our careers energetically and harmonise life ____21____. However, the word “pursue” evidences that happiness is like a horizon (地平线), when we move further, it ____22____ away. Obviously, defining happiness has ____23____ mankind for thousands of years because individuals all have their own ____24____ and, more critically, human desires are almost limitless. ____25____ is the common standard for happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilments of the dreams of being millionaires. The process of struggling for may-be happiness always ends in must-be ____26____. Thus, the definition of happiness can hardly be ____27____. Nevertheless, although happiness is indefinable, it is still easy for us to find the ____28____ examples of happy people, who, in fact, share three features in common: optimistic mentality, ____29____ body, and stable income. It is apparent that most of the sufferings are ____30____ by external surroundings and they are nearly unavoidable. Thus, one can only change his mentality to ____31____ them. Meanwhile, without health one cannot sustain happiness to enjoy the ____32____ of life. Furthermore, to be realistic, a beggar, while struggling in poverty, can never be as peaceful as a millionaire ____33____ on the Pacific ocean. Hence, stable income is also significant for achieving happiness. To summarise, to define happiness will not be so hard if humans can understand happiness in a standard way and eliminate (消灭) their ____34____ totally. However, before the realisation of this ____35____, being optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness. 21. A. instantly B. optimistically C. permanently D. definitely 22. A. gives B. breaks C. backs D. puts 23. A. helped B. changed C. confused D. interrupted 24. A. interpretations B. compositions C. solutions D. options 25. A. Fame B. Health C. Liberty D. Wealth 26. A. dissatisfaction B. sacrifice C. motivation D. success 27. A. copied B. settled C. expected D. expanded 28. A. unique B. walking C. rare D. running 29. A. weak B. slim C. sound D. large 30. A. brought about B. held back C. cut down D. pulled up 31. A. find B. grasp C. test D. clear 32. A. luxury B. cycle C. outcome D. sunshine 33. A. singing B. living C. sailing D. flying 34. A. greed B. fear C. dream D. poverty 35. A. value B. goal C. cause D. potential 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 50-minute drive northwest of downtown, Beijing, a village pops up. It____36____(house) a shadow puppetry troupe (皮影戏剧团) and Beijing Long zaitian Shadow Puppet Theater. Shadow puppetry is seen____37____the prequel (先行篇) to film and animation in China. Besides performances____38____ (create) by light and shadow, performers must master a____39____(vary) skill set as the plays combine painting, carving, opera and literature. But due to low revenue and a small market, young people are unwilling ____40____(learn) shadow puppetry. ____41____, this particular troupe stands out from the crowd. Average performer age is only 25. Moreover, of the 300 performers____42____has trained over the years, many are under 1.4 m in____43____(high). In 2021, the team created Winter Olympics-themed shadow pupets. The troupe also staged different plays____44____(introduce) ice and snow sports through fairy tales. “____45____(fortunate), we have these people. They have been devoted to the inheritance of shadow puppetry for over a decade,”said Wang Xi, inheritor of Beijing Western School Shadow Puppetry. 第四部分　写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，作为交换生在英国某中学就读。你很想参加Bolton教授的团队组织的2023年人工智能大会 (AI Conference 2023)。请你给Bolton教授写封信，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 询问参会要求； 3. 想参会的原因。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Prof. Bolton, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jane was waiting in the corridor outside her class. She had two exams that day and physics was the first. She really hated physics. Her friend Terry looked at her from the front of the line, and then looked away quickly. Jane thought she looked guilty. She didn’t have a problem with physics. She didn’t have a problem with anything… Miss Perfect! “Hi, Jane, it’s your favorite exam today,” said Maya, laughing as she joined the line. Terry was looking at Jane again. “So what’s wrong with her?” asked Maya. “I thought you were friends.” “Yes, so did I,” said Jane. “but she hasn’t spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me review for the physics exam too, but then she ignored all my calls and texts. She seemed to have forgotten who her friends are!” said Jane angrily. “Are you listening to me?” Mr. Richard was talking to the class and the other students were going into the exam room. Jane gave Maya a worried look and followed them. Jane couldn’t answer question number five. She looked up and saw Terry sitting two rows in front of her. Jane couldn’t believe it! Terry was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Is that how Terry always got such good grades? She felt really angry at Terry, but she didn’t know what to do. She thought about telling the teacher, but what would everyone else think of her? “Stop writing and put your pens down,” said Mr. Richard as he started as he started to collect the exam papers. Jane wanted to talk to Terry at lunch time, but she couldn’t find her anywhere. The next exam was history. That was Jane’s favorite subject but she wasn’t feeling good. She didn’t know what to do about Terry. “It wasn’t fair!” she thought. “Terry was getting good grades by cheating all the time.” thought Jane. Just then, Mr. Richard walked past her table. “Mr. Richard…” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1： Jane was sitting behind Tom again in the history exam that afternoon. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Jane was walking towards the school gate, when she heard footsteps behind her. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 邓州春雨国文学校高三英语10月月考试卷 (120分钟　150分) 第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Cold rains, icy sidewalks and gray skies can make winter travel a trial. But hot drinks, snowy slopes, frozen lakes and blue skies full of fresh air? That’s the kind of winter we can all have a try. Here are some cities around the world that make for a great cold-weather destination. Prague, Czech Republic With its snow-capped towers and cobbled winding streets, Prague is a fairytale city that remains relatively tourist-free in winter. The unusual and impressive architecture looks even prettier under a sheet of snow. Gas street lamps throughout the city center add a romantic color to evenings. Cafes here are ideal for escaping the bitter cold. The fascinating Estates Theatre, where Mozart conducted the world premiere(首演) of “Don Giovanni” in 1787, is a must. Tromso, Norway Tromso, known as the capital of the Arctic, is great in winter. It’s widely regarded as Norway’s most beautiful city and is a base for spotting the northern lights. There are also fascinating museums, including the Polar Museum, which offers an insight into the history of Arctic expeditions, and the Tromso Museum, famous for its Sami exhibitions. Amsterdam, Netherlands In winter, Amsterdam’s museums are much less crowded, making it the time to visit attractions such as Rijksmuseum or the Anne Frank House. Built originally to house a circus, the Royal Carré Theatre is more than 130 years old. Children will love the spectacular performances. Edinburgh, Scotland Cobbled streets, a beautiful castle and lovely public gardens make Edinburgh a beautiful city any time of year, but in winter it’s breathtaking. Princes Street Gardens is transformed into a wonderland, with ice skating rinks, enormous Christmas trees and a Ferris wheel. On the edge of the city, Arthur’s Seat is the perfect location for a winter walk and the views from the top are second to none. 1. What is one of the attractions of Prague in winter? A. No charge for all tourists. B. Iconic architectures covered by snow. C. Colorful gas lamps for street lighting. D. Mozart’s performance “Don Giovanni”. 2. If you take your 4-year-old kid, which place is the best choice? A. Prague, Czech Republic. B. Tromso, Norway. C. Amsterdam, Netherlands. D. Edinburgh, Scotland. 3. Where is this text probably from? A. A tour blog. B. A travel magazine. C. A geography textbook. D. A government website. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些适合在冬季寒冷天气旅游的城市。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“With its snow-capped towers and cobbled winding streets, Prague is a fairytale city that remains relatively tourist-free in winter. The unusual and impressive architecture looks even prettier under a sheet of snow.(白雪覆盖的塔楼和蜿蜒的鹅卵石街道，布拉格是一座童话般的城市，冬天游客相对较少。这座独特而令人印象深刻的建筑在一层雪下显得更加美丽。)”可知，在布拉格，游客可以欣赏到被雪覆盖的建筑。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Built originally to house a circus, the Royal Carré Theatre is more than 130 years old. Children will love the spectacular performances.(皇家歌剧院最初是为马戏团而建，至今已有130多年的历史。孩子们会喜欢这些精彩的表演。)”可判断，Amsterdam是最适合孩子去的城市。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cold rains, icy sidewalks and gray skies can make winter travel a trial. But hot drinks, snowy slopes, frozen lakes and blue skies full of fresh air? That’s the kind of winter we can all have a try. Here are some cities around the world that make for a great cold-weather destination.(寒冷的雨、冰冷的人行道和灰色的天空会让冬季旅行变得很艰难。但是热饮、雪坡、冰冻的湖泊和充满新鲜空气的蓝天呢？这样的冬天我们都可以试一试。这里有一些世界各地的城市是寒冷天气的好去处。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些适合冬季寒冷天气里旅游的城市，所以这篇文章是一篇旅游指南，最有可能摘自旅游杂志。故选B。 B Donatella Flick was the winner of the competition’s 17th part. She wanted to find young conductors at the beginning of their careers and make sure they had tools to enable them not to give up until they succeed. “It’s so important to train young talents and give them the opportunities to succeed,” she said, reflecting on founding the Donatella Flick Conducting Competition 33 years ago. That was why, she emphasized, the prize went beyond the cash award — which was a healthy £15,000 — and offered the winner the opportunity to assist the London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) for a year. They could work with some of the world’s finest conductors and lay foundations for a successful conducting career. Flick was born Princess Donatella Missikoff. Since 1917, Flick has successfully built a career and reputation as an artist. She now organizes charitable foundations and project all over the world. With the Competition, she was motivated by finding more talents in unexpected places — before diversity and inclusion spread through different industries as new “buzzwords”. “One way to do this was to broaden the range for applications, so we opened up entries to conductors from Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland in 2018. Since then, I’ve been very pleased to see conductors from those countries reach the list of competitors,” she said. “One of the major changes that I’ve been very happy to see is that more women are applying for the Competition now than when we started in 1990, and I hope this continues in future competitions.” In view of the fact that only four of the 20 conductors — that was 20 percent — who qualified for the 2023 competition were women, it was clear that a gender imbalance persisted. “I think we have a new generation of female conductors emerging, and I would deeply encourage them to apply to the Competition if they’re at the start of their careers,” Flick said, still hopeful. 4. Why did Flick found the Conducting Competition? A. To become famous. B. To continue her family tradition. C. To train the future stars of conducting. D. To promote the finest conductors’ careers. 5. How did Flick help young conductors? A. By introducing them to some world-class orchestras. B. By supporting them financially. C. By equipping them with conducting tools. D. By providing more opportunities for them. 6. What major change does the Conducting Competition bring? A. The range for applications is broadened every year. B. More females intend to take part in it now. C. Youths worldwide engage themselves in conducting. D. Males account for 80% of the qualified conductors. 7. Which of the following can best describe Flick? A. Kind and ambitious. B. Generous and brave. C. Sensible and creative. D. Energetic and productive. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Donatella Flick指挥大赛的创始人Donatella Flick创办比赛的故事，包括她的初衷和想法，以及比赛提倡的理念、带来的变化等。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““It’s so important to train young talents and give them the opportunities to succeed,” she said, reflecting on founding the Donatella Flick Conducting Competition 33 years ago. (“培养年轻人才，给他们成功的机会是非常重要的，”她回忆起33年前创办Donatella Flick指挥大赛的经历。)”可知，Flick创办指挥大赛是为了培养未来的指挥之星。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“That was why, she emphasized, the prize went beyond the cash award — which was a healthy £15,000 — and offered the winner the opportunity to assist the London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) for a year. They could work with some of the world’s finest conductors and lay foundations for a successful conducting career. (她强调，这就是为什么奖金不仅限于现金奖励——可观的1.5万英镑，还为获奖者提供了协助伦敦交响乐团一年的机会。他们可以与一些世界上最优秀的指挥家合作，为成功的指挥生涯奠定基础。)”可知，Flick通过为年轻指挥家提供了更多的机会去帮助他们获得成功。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“One of the major changes that I’ve been very happy to see is that more women are applying for the Competition now than when we started in 1990, and I hope this continues in future competitions. (我很高兴看到的一个主要变化是，与1990年比赛开始时相比，现在有更多的女性申请参加比赛，我希望这种情况在未来的比赛中继续下去。)”可知，这项指挥比赛带来的一个主要变化是现在有更多的女性打算参与其中。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“She wanted to find young conductors at the beginning of their careers and make sure they had tools to enable them not to give up until they succeed. (她希望在年轻指挥家的职业生涯开始时就找到他们，并确保他们有手段使他们在成功之前不会放弃。)”和第四段中“She now organizes charitable foundations and project all over the world. (她现在在世界各地组织慈善基金会和项目。)”可知，Flick创办了指挥大赛，希望帮助年轻指挥家取得职业成功，而且她积极投身慈善活动。由此可知，她为人善良而且富有抱负。故选A项。 C In a recent study, researchers burned scented candles (香薰蜡烛) in several rooms — ranging from a small bathroom measuring 6 by 6 by 9 feet to a living room measuring 15 by 15 by 9 feet — and then used special instruments to determine what was released into the air. They found that while some cancer-causing chemicals were produced, the highest levels measured after four hours of continuous burning were less than half as high as the recommended indoor air quality limits set by the World Health Organization. This led the study authors to conclude that under normal conditions, scented candles won’t pose any health risks. It’s important to note that only a small number of studies have looked into the health effects of burning scented candles. And most, including this one, were conducted by researchers sponsored by the candle industry, but health authorities have claimed that the authors findings are solid. “When candles burn, they release chemicals in relatively insignificant concentrations,” said Pamela Dalton, a researcher at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia. “The amount of unpleasant materials produced in general is on the order of a few parts per million or even parts per billion, which is like pouring a teaspoon’s worth of a chemical into an Olympic-sized swimming pool.” “Exposure to chemicals released by scented candles is so low that they pose no significant risk to human health,” said Nikaeta Sadekar, an expert with the nonprofit Research Institute for Fragrance Materials.“Even the highest users of scented candles are not putting themselves at any considerable risk of harm.” According to Dr. Dalton, humans can detect a pleasant smell at very low concentrations. “We’ve been told that we’re at the low end of the animal kingdom in terms of being able to detect various smells. That’s just not true,” she said. “Our nose can often smell things in the air even when they are barely there. When we smell something, it just smells strong. We tend to automatically assume that what we’re breathing represents a high concentration. And very often that’s not the case.” 8. What did researchers do after they burned scented candles? A. They removed some cancer-causing chemicals. B. They used instruments to clean the air for hours. C. They checked to see which one lasted the longest. D. They measured air quality in rooms of various sizes 9. What does the author tell us about the study’s conclusion? A. It has been supported by officials. B. It is based on unsponsored research. C. It may be misleading for the candle industry. D. It goes against findings from previous studies. 10. Which statement would Dalton and Sadekar agree with? A. It is a bit risky to burn scented candles in small rooms B. Some new types of scented candles are cancer-causing C. It is quite safe to use scented candles on a regular basis. D. Burning scented candles won’t produce unpleasant materials 11. What did Dalton say about human sense of smell? A. It needs to be improved. B. It is very sensitive. C. It has been generally poor. D. It is often changeable. 【答案】8 D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究证明，香薰蜡烛虽然会产生一些致癌化学物质，但连续燃烧四小时后测得的最高水平还不到世界卫生组织建议的室内空气质量限值的一半，因此在正常情况下，香薰蜡烛不会造成任何健康风险。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In a recent study, researchers burned scented candles (香薰蜡烛) in several rooms — ranging from a small bathroom measuring 6 by 6 by 9 feet to a living room measuring 15 by 15 by 9 feet — and then used special instruments to determine what was released into the air.(在最近的一项研究中，研究人员在几个房间里燃烧有香味的蜡烛——从6×6×9英尺的小浴室到15×15×9英尺的客厅——然后用特殊的仪器来确定释放到空气中的是什么)”和“They found that while some cancer-causing chemicals were produced, the highest levels measured after four hours of continuous burning were less than half as high as the recommended indoor air quality limits set by the World Health Organization.(他们发现，虽然会产生一些致癌化学物质，但连续燃烧四小时后测得的最高水平还不到世界卫生组织建议的室内空气质量限值的一半)”可知，研究者们在不同尺寸的房间点燃蜡烛后，测量了各房间的空气质量。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“And most, including this one, were conducted by researchers sponsored by the candle industry, but health authorities have claimed that the authors findings are solid.(大多数，包括这一项，都是由蜡烛行业赞助的研究人员进行的，但卫生当局声称，作者的发现是可靠的)”可知，卫生局认为研究结果是可靠的，说明这一结论得到了官方支持。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段Dalton说的话“When candles burn, they release chemicals in relatively insignificant concentrations,(当蜡烛燃烧时，它们释放的化学物质浓度相对较小)”和“The amount of unpleasant materials produced in general is on the order of a few parts per million or even parts per billion, which is like pouring a teaspoon’s worth of a chemical into an Olympic-sized swimming pool.(总的来说，产生的令人不快的物质的数量大约是百万分之几，甚至是十亿分之一，这就像把一茶匙的化学物质倒进奥运会规模的游泳池一样)”及第四段Sadekar说的话“Exposure to chemicals released by scented candles is so low that they pose no significant risk to human health,(香薰蜡烛释放的化学物质的暴露量非常低，不会对人体健康构成重大风险)”和“Even the highest users of scented candles are not putting themselves at any considerable risk of harm.(即使是香薰蜡烛的重度使用者也不会将自己置于任何相当大的伤害风险之中)”可推知，Dalton和Sadekar认为常规使用香薰蜡烛对人体健康没有危害，是非常安全的。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to Dr. Dalton, humans can detect a pleasant smell at very low concentrations.(Dalton博士认为，人类可以在非常低的浓度下闻到令人愉快的气味)”和Dalton所说的话中“Our nose can often smell things in the air even when they are barely there. When we smell something, it just smells strong.(我们的鼻子经常能闻到空气中的东西，即使它们几乎不存在，当我们闻到某种气味时，它闻起来就很强烈了)”可知，Dalton提到了人类的嗅觉是非常敏感的。故选B。 D As AI art generators (生成器) take the world by storm, some people wonder if their works should count as art at all. The technology is still developing and has some wrinkles to iron out, which means there are indeed flaws to consider alongside the incredible artwork a good artificial intelligence can produce. Art is classed as the product of imagination, skill, experience, and emotion, usually meant to represent something for the public to enjoy. Artists spent time and effort putting their inner worlds onto these works. Machine intelligence also puts a lot of work into sorting through tons of data, linking someone’s prompt to datasets, and trying to represent it as best as possible. The difference is that the AI is driven by commands instead of an emotional desire to express itself. AI painters can produce over 1,000 original works of art with every tap of the enter key on a keyboard. But a mass-produced print of the Mona Lisa is worth less than the actual Leonardo da Vinci’s painting. Why? Scarcity — there’s only one of the original. Should anyone pay for these things? And if an artist puts AI masterpieces up for sale, what should the price be? AI art involves a program mimicking (模仿) the work of existing artists to create a new piece according to the request of a human. But who made the artwork, the machine or its user? And can the original artists sue for copyright (版权) violation? Such questions complicate the merging of artificial intelligence and the art industry, while fueling arguments against recognizing AI-generated art as marketable artistic products. Once we’ve answered those questions, we can tackle the really big one: When an AI-generated painting wins an award, who gets the prize? 12. What does the underlined word “flaws” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Benefits. B. Advances. C. Weaknesses. D. Standards. 13. How is AI art different from human art? A. It is the product of experience. B. It costs less money to produce. C. It combines different styles of work. D. It is not a mirror of humans’ emotions. 14. Why does the writer mention Mona Lisa in the third paragraph? A. To prove the popularity of classic artworks. B. To present the potential trouble with the value of AI art. C. To show the advantages of AI painters over human artists. D. To introduce a new way of preserving art masterpieces. 15. What can we infer from paragraph 4? A. AI art promotes the sale of artistic products. B. AI art makes copyright issues more complicated. C. Artists can create more works with the help of AI. D. There will be fierce competition in the art industry. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着人工智能艺术生成器席卷全球，有些人怀疑他们的作品是否应该算作艺术，文章介绍了这项技术尚存在的一些问题。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“The technology is still developing and has some wrinkles to iron out(这项技术仍在发展中，还有一些问题需要解决)”可知，此处是指这项技术有一些缺陷，所以flaws意为“缺陷”。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The difference is that the AI is driven by commands instead of an emotional desire to express itself.(不同之处在于，AI是由命令驱动的，而不是由表达自己的情感欲望驱动的。)”可知，人工智能艺术与人类艺术的不同之处是人工智能艺术不是人类情绪的反映。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“AI painters can produce over 1,000 original works of art with every tap of the enter key on a keyboard.(只要敲击键盘上的回车键，人工智能画家就能创作出1000多幅原创艺术作品。)”和最后四句“Why? Scarcity — there’s only one of the original. Should anyone pay for these things? And if an artist puts AI masterpieces up for sale, what should the price be?(为什么？稀缺性——只有一个原物。有人应该为这些东西买单吗？如果一位艺术家要出售人工智能杰作，价格应该是多少？)”可知，作者在第三段提到了蒙娜丽莎是为了呈现AI艺术价值的潜在问题。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段前两句“AI art involves a program mimicking (模仿) the work of existing artists to create a new piece according to the request of a human. But who made the artwork, the machine or its user?(人工智能艺术是模仿现有艺术家的作品，根据人类的要求创作新作品的程序。但是是谁创造了艺术品，机器还是它的使用者？)”和最后一句“Such questions complicate the merging of artificial intelligence and the art industry, while fueling arguments against recognizing AI-generated art as marketable artistic products.(这些问题使人工智能和艺术产业的融合变得复杂，同时也加剧了反对将人工智能生成的艺术视为可销售的艺术产品的争论。)”可知，从第四段可以推断出人工智能艺术让版权问题变得更加复杂。故选B。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy. ____16____. You probably are wondering why you are shy. It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now. ____17____ Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons. One of the negative sides of being shy is having the tendency to be passive. Most of the time shy people can’t stand up for themselves and what they believe is right. ____18____This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life. While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides. Shy people are usually good observers and do not get themselves into too much trouble because they try to observe their environment or any situation before they act. ____19____ They can also make great friends. Since they have difficulties in social scenes, making friends seems to be a must. Therefore, they value their friends wholeheartedly and have proven to be loyal and thoughtful friends. ____20____ Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments. A. But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic. B. They are sensitive and accustomed to getting suspicious. C. Because some people are born to be shy, they let it go hang. D. So if you’re feeling shy, don’t worry because you are not alone. E They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions. F. Although shyness is something from birth, it can be improved over time. G. They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。文章分析了人们会害羞的原因、介绍了害羞的弊端和益处以及害羞是可以慢慢克服的这一事实。 【16题详解】 第一段是全文的开篇，前三句话“Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy. (害羞是正常的，它不被认为是一种精神问题。所有的人都曾有过害羞的时候。即使是最自信的人也会感到害羞) ”讲到害羞是正常现象，所有人，包括最自信的人，都曾害羞过，D项“So if you’re feeling shy, don’t worry because you are not alone.(所以，如果你感到害羞，不要担心，因为你不是一个人)”是本段的结论，正因为人人都会害羞，所以不用担心，与上文构成因果关系。故选D项。 【17题详解】 上文“It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now.(这可能是因为你所习惯的环境或者你被抚养长大的方式。过去的某些事情或事件也可能是导致你现在害羞的原因) ”讲感到害羞可能与成长环境和特定事件等外部因素有关，而下文“Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.(大多数害羞的人都有害羞的父母和亲戚，所以不难发现他们也成了害羞的人)”讲害羞可能来自父母亲戚的遗传、基因，是内部因素，上下文之间有转折对比关系，A项 “But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.(但在大多数情况下，害羞是遗传的)”起到承上启下的作用。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life.(这显然影响了他们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面)”中指示代词this可知，上文中应出现其指代内容，而且该内容会影响到人们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面，G 项“They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.(他们天生避开人群，远离群体和社会交往)”中所描述害羞的人会“避开人群，远离群体和社会交往”这一行为，会对人们的方方面面造成极大的影响，正是下文代词this指代的 对象，与下文构成逻辑上的顺承关系。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据段首中心句“While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides.(虽然害羞有消极的方面，但它也有积极的方面)”可知，本段主要介绍“害羞”的积极意义，E项“They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions.(他们不会头脑发热，在做任何决定之前都会再三考虑)”讲害羞的人做事情会深思熟虑，这是对中心句中“positive sides”的举例说明，同时，与其上文和下文构成并列关系，都是对中心句的举例说明。故选E项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.(一些人出生时父母就很害羞，但他们成功地战胜了害羞。这有助于他们不断自我完善，发展自尊，尝试接触新环境) ”可知，本段主要讲了害羞是可以战胜的，F项“Although shyness is something from birth, it can be improved over time.(虽然害羞是与生俱来的，但它可以随着时间的推移而改善)”讲害羞可以改善，作为段首中心句，是对全段内容的准确概括，且句中“it can be improved ”与下文“their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem”相照应。故选F项。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) The history of human beings is naturally a process to pursue happiness, which is the ultimate purpose of life. Happiness makes us cope with our careers energetically and harmonise life ____21____. However, the word “pursue” evidences that happiness is like a horizon (地平线), when we move further, it ____22____ away. Obviously, defining happiness has ____23____ mankind for thousands of years because individuals all have their own ____24____ and, more critically, human desires are almost limitless. ____25____ is the common standard for happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilments of the dreams of being millionaires. The process of struggling for may-be happiness always ends in must-be ____26____. Thus, the definition of happiness can hardly be ____27____. Nevertheless, although happiness is indefinable, it is still easy for us to find the ____28____ examples of happy people, who, in fact, share three features in common: optimistic mentality, ____29____ body, and stable income. It is apparent that most of the sufferings are ____30____ by external surroundings and they are nearly unavoidable. Thus, one can only change his mentality to ____31____ them. Meanwhile, without health one cannot sustain happiness to enjoy the ____32____ of life. Furthermore, to be realistic, a beggar, while struggling in poverty, can never be as peaceful as a millionaire ____33____ on the Pacific ocean. Hence, stable income is also significant for achieving happiness. To summarise, to define happiness will not be so hard if humans can understand happiness in a standard way and eliminate (消灭) their ____34____ totally. However, before the realisation of this ____35____, being optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness. 21. A. instantly B. optimistically C. permanently D. definitely 22. A. gives B. breaks C. backs D. puts 23. A. helped B. changed C. confused D. interrupted 24. A. interpretations B. compositions C. solutions D. options 25. A. Fame B. Health C. Liberty D. Wealth 26. A. dissatisfaction B. sacrifice C. motivation D. success 27. A. copied B. settled C. expected D. expanded 28. A. unique B. walking C. rare D. running 29. A. weak B. slim C. sound D. large 30. A. brought about B. held back C. cut down D. pulled up 31. A. find B. grasp C. test D. clear 32. A. luxury B. cycle C. outcome D. sunshine 33. A. singing B. living C. sailing D. flying 34. A. greed B. fear C. dream D. poverty 35. A. value B. goal C. cause D. potential 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对幸福的定义每个人都有自己的理解，如果人类能够以标准的方式理解幸福，并完全消除他们的贪婪，那么定义幸福就不会那么难了。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸福使我们精力充沛地应对事业，乐观地协调生活。A. instantly立刻；B. optimistically乐观地；C. permanently永久地；D. definitely肯定地。根据上文的Happiness可知，此处指“乐观地”协调生活。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，“追求”这个词证明了幸福就像一个地平线，当我们走得更远时，它就会后退。A. gives给；B. breaks破坏；C. backs后退；D. puts放。分析句意再根据上文的horizon可知，此处指像地平线一样“后退”符合语境。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，几千年来，幸福的定义一直困扰着人类，因为每个人都有自己的解释，更重要的是，人类的欲望几乎是无限的。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. confused困扰；D. interrupted打断。根据下文“Nevertheless, although happiness is indefinable(然而，虽然幸福是难以定义的)”可知，此处指幸福的定义“困扰着人类”。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. interpretations解释；B. compositions成分；C. solutions解决方法；D. options选择。根据上文第3题的分析可知，幸福的定义是困扰人的，所以此处指每个人都有自己的“解释”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：财富是商人幸福的共同标准，但他们成为亿万富翁的梦想总是伴随着成为百万富翁的梦想的实现。A. Fame名誉；B. Health健康；C. Liberty自由；D. Wealth财富。根据下文的merchants可知，此处指“财富”是商人的标准。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为可能的幸福而奋斗的过程，总是以必然的不满而告终。A. dissatisfaction不满；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. motivation动机；D. success成功。根据上文“more critically, human desires are almost limitless.(更重要的是，人类的欲望几乎是无限的)”可知，此处指必然以“不满”而告终。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，幸福的定义很难确定。A. copied复制；B. settled确定；C. expected期待；D. expanded扩大。根据上文第4题的分析可知，关于幸福每个人都有自己的解释，所以此处指幸福的定义很难“确定”。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，虽然幸福是不可定义的，但我们仍然很容易找到幸福的人的活生生的例子，他们实际上有三个共同的特征：乐观的心态，健康的身体和稳定的收入。A. unique独特的；B. walking活的；C. rare罕见的；D. running流动的。根据下文“examples of happy people(幸福的人的例子)”可知，此处指“活生生的”人的例子。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. weak虚弱的；B. slim苗条的；C. sound健康的；D. large大的。分析句意再根据“stable income”可知，此处指“健康的”身体，符合语境。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：很明显，大多数痛苦都是由外部环境引起的，而且几乎是不可避免的。A. brought about引起；B. held back退缩；C. cut down削减；D. pulled up突然停止，停车。根据下文“they are nearly unavoidable(它们几乎是不可避免的)”可知，此处是指痛苦由外部环境“引起”的符合语境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，一个人只能改变自己心态来清除它们。A. find发现；B. grasp抓住；C. test测试；D. clear清理。分析句意可知，空格后的them指代上文的“痛苦”，所以此处指“清楚”痛苦，符合语境。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，没有健康，人们就无法维持幸福，享受生活的阳光。A. luxury奢华；B. cycle循环；C. outcome结果；D. sunshine阳光。根据上文的without health可知，没有健康就不能享受生活的“阳光”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：此外，实事求是地说，一个在贫穷中挣扎的乞丐永远不可能像一个在太平洋上航行的百万富翁那样平静。A. singing唱歌；B. living居住；C. sailing航行；D. flying飞行。根据下文“on the Pacific ocean(在太平洋上)”可知，此处指在太平洋上“航行”符合语境。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：总而言之，如果人类能够以标准的方式理解幸福，并完全消除他们的贪婪，那么定义幸福就不会那么难了。A. greed贪婪；B. fear害怕；C. dream梦想；D. poverty贫穷。根据上文“more critically, human desires are almost limitless.”和“to define happiness will not be so hard(定义幸福就不会那么难了)”可知，此处指消灭“贪婪”符合语境。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在实现这个目标之前，乐观、健康和经济独立可能是幸福的“关键”。A. value价值；B. goal目标；C. cause原因；D. potential潜力。分析句意再根据上文的realisation可知，此处指实现“目标”。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 50-minute drive northwest of downtown, Beijing, a village pops up. It____36____(house) a shadow puppetry troupe (皮影戏剧团) and Beijing Long zaitian Shadow Puppet Theater. Shadow puppetry is seen____37____the prequel (先行篇) to film and animation in China. Besides performances____38____ (create) by light and shadow, performers must master a____39____(vary) skill set as the plays combine painting, carving, opera and literature. But due to low revenue and a small market, young people are unwilling ____40____(learn) shadow puppetry. ____41____, this particular troupe stands out from the crowd. Average performer age is only 25. Moreover, of the 300 performers____42____has trained over the years, many are under 1.4 m in____43____(high). In 2021, the team created Winter Olympics-themed shadow pupets. The troupe also staged different plays____44____(introduce) ice and snow sports through fairy tales. “____45____(fortunate), we have these people. They have been devoted to the inheritance of shadow puppetry for over a decade,”said Wang Xi, inheritor of Beijing Western School Shadow Puppetry. 【答案】36. houses 37. as 38. created 39. various##varied 40. to learn 41. However 42. it 43. height 44. introducing 45. Fortunately 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了中国民间古老的传统艺术——皮影戏。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：这里有皮影戏剧团和北京龙在天皮影戏剧院。分析句子成分可知，空格处是本句的谓语动词；house，实义动词，意为“给……提供住所”；又根据前句可知，此句用一般现在时，故填houses。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：皮影戏在中国被视为电影和动画的前传。see...as...意为“把……看作”，是固定搭配。故填as。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了由光影创造的表演，演员必须掌握各种技能，因为戏剧结合了绘画、雕刻、歌剧和文学。分析句子成分可知，空格处是作名词performances的后置定语，且与动词create成被动关系。故填created。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：除了由光影创造的表演，演员必须掌握各种技能，因为戏剧结合了绘画、雕刻、歌剧和文学。分析句子可知，空格处是用来形容名词skill；vary动词，意为“变化”,various/varied为形容词，意为“各种各样的”。故填various/varied。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但由于皮影戏收入低，市场小，年轻人不愿意学习皮影戏。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某事”，故填to learn。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，这个特殊的剧团在人群中脱颖而出。演员的平均年龄只有25岁。根据句意可知，上文讲年轻人不愿意学习皮影戏。后文讲这个剧团的平均年龄是25岁，前后句意思相反，且用副词连接。故填However。 【42题详解】 考查代词。句意：此外，在多年来训练的300名表演者中，许多人的身高不到1.4米。分析句子成分可知，空格处引导的句子是定语从句，修饰先行词performers，空格处是定语从句的主语，指代上文中的troupe；先行词在从句中作宾语，省略关系代词。故填it。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，在多年来训练的300名表演者中，许多人的身高不到1.4米。分析句子可知，介词后接名词；height，名词，意为“高度”。故填height。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：剧团还上演了不同的戏剧，通过童话故事介绍冰雪运动。分析句子可知，空格处是非谓语作后置定语修饰名词plays且呈主动关系。故填introducing。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：幸运地是，我们有这些人。根据句意可知，空格处用副词。故填Fortunately。 第四部分　写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，作为交换生在英国某中学就读。你很想参加Bolton教授的团队组织的2023年人工智能大会 (AI Conference 2023)。请你给Bolton教授写封信，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 询问参会要求； 3. 想参会的原因。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Prof. Bolton, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Prof. Bolton, I’m Li Hua, an exchange student studying in London. Knowing that the AI Conference 2023 will be held, I am writing to apply for a chance to take part in it. Could you please inform me of some details concerning the conference? To begin with, I wonder whether I need any experience before. In addition, I would like to know if there is an age restriction. The reasons why I want to attend the meeting is that I have a preference for AI. Hopefully, you can give me the opportunity. Expect to hear from you soon. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇申请信。要求考生以李华身份给Bolton教授写信，表示想参加Bolton教授的团队组织的2023年人工智能大会(AI Conference 2023)。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in→participate in 告知：inform sb. of sth→tell sb. sth. 喜欢：have a preference for→be fond of 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Hopefully, you can give me the opportunity. 拓展句：I hope that you can give me the opportunity. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that the AI Conference 2023 will be held, I am writing to apply for a chance to take part in it. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] The reasons why I want to attend the meeting is that I have a preference for AI. (运用了why引导的定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jane was waiting in the corridor outside her class. She had two exams that day and physics was the first. She really hated physics. Her friend Terry looked at her from the front of the line, and then looked away quickly. Jane thought she looked guilty. She didn’t have a problem with physics. She didn’t have a problem with anything… Miss Perfect! “Hi, Jane, it’s your favorite exam today,” said Maya, laughing as she joined the line. Terry was looking at Jane again. “So what’s wrong with her?” asked Maya. “I thought you were friends.” “Yes, so did I,” said Jane. “but she hasn’t spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me review for the physics exam too, but then she ignored all my calls and texts. She seemed to have forgotten who her friends are!” said Jane angrily. “Are you listening to me?” Mr. Richard was talking to the class and the other students were going into the exam room. Jane gave Maya a worried look and followed them. Jane couldn’t answer question number five. She looked up and saw Terry sitting two rows in front of her. Jane couldn’t believe it! Terry was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Is that how Terry always got such good grades? She felt really angry at Terry, but she didn’t know what to do. She thought about telling the teacher, but what would everyone else think of her? “Stop writing and put your pens down,” said Mr. Richard as he started as he started to collect the exam papers. Jane wanted to talk to Terry at lunch time, but she couldn’t find her anywhere. The next exam was history. That was Jane’s favorite subject but she wasn’t feeling good. She didn’t know what to do about Terry. “It wasn’t fair!” she thought. “Terry was getting good grades by cheating all the time.” thought Jane. Just then, Mr. Richard walked past her table. “Mr. Richard…” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1： Jane was sitting behind Tom again in the history exam that afternoon. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Jane was walking towards the school gate, when she heard footsteps behind her. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Jane was sitting behind Tom again in the history exam that afternoon. Jane was feeling terrible. Mr. Richard wanted her to nod at him if she saw Terry cheating in the exam. When she saw Terry had her phone under the table, Jane looked up and nodded to Mr. Richard. Terry was too busy looking at her phone to notice Mr. Richard coming near. Mr. Richard picked up her exam paper, tore it in half and told Terry to leave the classroom. Paragraph 2: Jane was walking towards the school gate, when she heard footsteps behind her. It was Terry. “Jane, please wait,” said Terry. “I’m really sorry I didn’t answer your calls. My dad has been in hospital for two weeks. He had a big heart operation today. I was reading texts from my mum to see how the operation was going. But Mr. Richard caught me. He thought I was cheating. He believes me now. I’m sorry I didn’t tell you what was happening but I haven’t forgotten that we’re friends. Will you forgive me?” 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。两周前，Terry就没有回复过Jane的电话和短信了。Jane在考试的时候无意间发现了Terry在考试中使用了手机，所以Jane认为Terry的好成绩都是在考试中作弊得来的。于是Jane就告诉Richard老师Terry作弊一事，并在历史考试中发现了Terry使用手机。最后才发现Terry在考试中使用手机是因为要关注父亲的情况，两人最后和好的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“那天下午的历史考试，Jane又坐在Terry后面”可知，第一段描写Terry在考试中使用手机并被发现的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“Jane正朝校门走去，这时她听到身后有脚步声”可知，第二段可描写考试结束之后，Jerry来找Jane并向她解释其中缘由，两人将误会解开。 2. 续写线索：历史考试——Jerry使用手机——被老师发现——向Jane解释——两人和好 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：saw/spot ②认为：think/suppose ③相信：believe/trust ④感到：feel/sense 情绪类 ①糟糕的：terrible/awful ②抱歉的：sorry/regrettable 【点睛】[高分句型1] When she saw Terry had her phone under the table, Jane looked up and nodded to Mr. Richard. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] I was reading texts from my mum to see how the operation was going. (运用了how引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$