Unit4 The Earth 单元主题阅读20篇-2024-2025学年七年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版2024）

2024-2025学年一线教师制作精品新教材系列资料，已编校！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作精品新教材系列资料，已编校！ Unit4 The Earth 单元主题阅读20篇 In September of 2021, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature reported some plants and animals are in danger. Some of these worrying animals are giraffes, sharks and Komodo dragons.       Giraffes      Over the last 30 years, the number of giraffes has dropped by 40 percent. There are now fewer than 100, 000 giraffes in the world today. Giraffes are in danger because of human activities such as hunting (捕猎).      Sharks       A study found that 36 percent of the 536 shark species are threatened (生存遭威胁). Sharks are often killed for their meat, skin and fins (鱼翅). What’s more, they also grow very slowly and don’t have many babies.      Komodo dragons      Komodo dragons are the largest lizards (蜥蜴) in the world. They can grow to three meters long and as heavy as 70 kilograms! Komodo dragons live on only five islands in Indonesia, but they are now in danger of extinction. They have lost a lot of their habitat (栖息地) because of human activities and climate change. 1．How many giraffes are there in the world today? A．More than 100, 000. B．Fewer than 100, 000. C．More than 200, 000. D．Fewer than 10, 000. 2．What are sharks often killed for? A．Electricity and water. B．Meat and diamond. C．Fins, salt and disease. D．Meat, fins and skin. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Fins. B．Sharks. C．Giraffes. D．Animals. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Over the last 30 years, the number of giraffes has dropped by 36 percent. B．Sharks grow very fast and have many babies. C．Komodo dragons are the smallest lizards in the world. D．Komodo have lost lots of habitat because of human activities and climate change. 5．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To ask readers to know about sharks. B．To talk about the International Union. C．To tell us some animals in danger. D．To give advice on animal studying. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些因人类活动和气候变化而面临濒危的动植物，包括长颈鹿，鲨鱼和科莫多巨蜥。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“There are now fewer than 100, 000 giraffes in the world today.”可知，如今世界上长颈鹿数量少于10万。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sharks are often killed for their meat, skin and fins.”可知鲨鱼经常因为它们的肉，皮和鱼翅而被捕杀。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Sharks...they also...”可知，此处的they指的是前文提到的鲨鱼。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“They have lost a lot of their habitat because of human activities and climate change.”可知，由于人类活动和气候变化, 科莫多龙已经失去了许多栖息地。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In September of 2021, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature reported some plants and animals are in danger.”可知，本文的目的主要是介绍濒危动物。故选C。 The area of the Yinchuan Wetland (湿地) Park was once a place that people disliked: waste water caused terrible smells and almost no grass could grow on the land. Now, it not only becomes a popular place for people to take a walk, but also a good place for birds and other animals.     Li Zhijun is a member of the bird protecting organization. He saw the great changes at the park. According to him, the Yinchuan Wetland Park has become a famous place for bird photographers. More birds would like to stay here in winter.     Besides Ningxia, many cities in China make great efforts to protect wetlands. Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province, is known as a “city of a hundred lakes”. The city has five large wetland reserves (保护区). Tens of thousands of birds come to stay in winter.     Panjin in Liaoning province is another surprising wetland city. In the past, the city has a lot of environmental problems because of oil production. But now in the wetlands by the sea, seagrass turns red every autumn, creating beautiful “red beaches”.     Chen Zhihai, a local fishery worker, said, “In the past, there were almost no wild fish. Thanks to the efforts of Panjin people, now the wetland is back again!” 1．How was the Yinchuan Wetland Park like in the past? A．No grass could grow on the land. B．People liked to go there for a walk. C．Migratory birds stayed there in winter. D．It was a good place for bird photographer. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Waste water. B．Wetland park. C．Grass. D．Land. 3．Which city is called “city of a hundred lakes”? A．Yinchuan B．Shenzhen C．Panjin D．Wuhan 4．Why did Panjin have many environmental problems in the past? A．Because people put waste water in the rivers. B．Because migratory birds didn’t come here in winter. C．Because people caused pollution during oil production. D．Because the government didn’t build any wetland reserves. 5．Where can you read this passage? A．Nature magazine B．Story book C．History poem D．People around us 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的几个湿地公园，包括银川湿地公园、武汉湿地保护区和辽宁盘锦的湿地公园，以及这些地方在环保方面的努力和成就。 1．细节理解题。根据“The area of the Yinchuan Wetland (湿地) Park was once a place that people disliked: waste water caused terrible smells and almost no grass could grow on the land.”可知，过去的银川湿地公园是一个人们不喜欢的地方，废水造成了恶臭，几乎没有草能在土地上生长。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“The area of the Yinchuan Wetland (湿地) Park was once a place that people disliked: waste water caused terrible smells and almost no grass could grow on the land.”可知，过去的银川湿地公园是一个人们不喜欢的地方；根据“Now, it not only becomes a popular place for people to take a walk, but also a good place for birds and other animals.”可知，现在不仅成为人们散步的好地方，也是鸟类和其他动物栖息的好地方。联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词it代指银川湿地公园。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province, is known as a ‘city of a hundred lakes’.” 可知，武汉被称为“百湖之城”。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“In the past, the city has a lot of environmental problems because of oil production.”可知，盘锦过去有许多环境问题是因为石油生产造成的。故选C。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国的几个湿地公园，包括银川湿地公园、武汉湿地保护区和辽宁盘锦的湿地公园，以及这些地方在环保方面的努力和成就。因此这篇文章更像是自然杂志中的一篇文章。故选A。 We make all kinds of rubbish every day. Some artists have new ideas on how to recycle (回收) rubbish. Let’s have a look. What’s this? This is a model of Bumblebee. An Indonesian man called Yusuf made it at home. He used recycled waste such as plastic bottles. Look at this! Canadian artist Benjamin made it. When the tap is on, there is no water but it’s full of plastic waste. It wants to ask people to end plastic (塑料) pollution. Is it a walking robot? No, this is a big statue (雕塑). A German artist, HA Schult, used wasted washing machines to make it. This is a “panda” made of recycled shoes. All the things are collected from beaches in Kenya. This panda wants to tell people to take care of animals in danger. 1．Who made the model of Bumblebee? A．A German artist. B．An Indonesian man. C．A Canadian artist. D．Some Chinese. 2．What can we know about Benjamin’s artwork? A．There is a lot of water in the tap. B．There is no plastic waste in the tap. C．German artist Benjamin made it. D．Benjamin hopes we can stop plastic pollution. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．A walking robot. B．A big statue. C．A German artist. D．A panda. 4．Why did someone make the “panda” according to the last paragraph? A．Because people often throw old shoes away. B．Because there is much rubbish in Kenya. C．Because people should look after animals in danger. D．Because people should learn to recycle rubbish. 5．What is the article mainly about? A．Use rubbish to make artwork. B．Why we should protect the Earth. C．Pandas are our cute friends. D．Say no to plastic pollution. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了一些艺术家运用垃圾制作的艺术品。 1．细节理解题。根据“This is a model of Bumblebee. An Indonesian man called Yusuf made it at home.”可知，是一个名叫Yusuf的印度尼西亚人制作的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It wants to ask people to end plastic (塑料) pollution.”可知，从Benjamin的艺术作品可以看出，他希望我们停止塑料污染。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Is it a walking robot? No, this is a big statue (雕塑). A German artist, HA Schult, used wasted washing machines to make it.”可知，一个德国的艺术家用废弃的洗衣机制作了这个大雕塑，“it”指“大雕塑”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“This panda wants to tell people to take care of animals in danger.”可知，制作这只“熊猫”是想告诉人们要照顾处于危险中的动物。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一些艺术家运用垃圾制作的艺术品，所以本文是关于用垃圾做艺术品。故选A。 People around the world work together to help our planet on Earth Day, April 22. But in fact, lots of people protect the Earth all year long. They are Earth heroes (英雄). And some kids do, too. We have four kids here, telling you that you can help even if you are a child. Saving the frogs John is from the USA．He always loves frogs. When John was 5, he leaned their living places were in danger. So John started a group, For the Love of Frogs. They sold toy frogs to collect money to help frogs. John is now 10 and the group has more than $ 20,000 to protect frogs! Growing right Mandy lives in a city in India. She saw a wasteland near her house at 15. She turned it into a garden. She used native plants that lived or grew around her city. Native plants could make insects like butterflies and animals come to her area. Mandy is now 18. She is teaching people about native plants. “The way to reuse the wasteland is not just to plant any tree,” she said. “It is to make sure that you grow the right plants in the area.” Cleaning up Zhang Min, 13, and Zhang Jie, 15, live in a city in China. To fight plastic pollution, they made a plan. They wanted to clean up plastic waste in the Pearl River. Zhang Min and Zhang Jie put up posters at school to make people care more about plastic waste. “You need to have people talk to one another,” Zhang Jie said, “Everyone can do something to help.” 1．Why does John want to save frogs? A．Because he joined the Saving-frog Group. B．Because he wants to make money. C．Because people are catching frogs. D．Because frogs’ homes were in danger. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A．a house B．a wasteland C．a city D．a native plant 3．What did Zhang Min and Zhang Jie plan to do? A．To put up posters near their house. B．To ask people not to use plastic. C．To help people make friends with each other. D．To help make the Pearl River clean and tidy. 4．What’s the best title (标题) of the article? A．Earth Day: a day for the planet B．Four kid heroes for the planet C．Work together to fight pollution D．New ways to protect the Earth 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍世界地球日几个孩子做的事。 1．细节理解题。根据“When John was 5, he leaned their living places were in danger. So John started a group, For the Love of Frogs.”可知，约翰了解到青蛙处于危险之中，所以想要拯救它们，故选D。 2．代词指代题。根据“Mandy lives in a city in India. She saw a wasteland near her house at 15. She turned it into a garden.”可知，曼迪住在印度的一个城市。15岁时，她看到她家附近有一片荒地。她把它变成了一个花园。此处it指的是“荒地”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“They wanted to clean up plastic waste in the Pearl River.”可知，他们想清理珠江里的塑料垃圾。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。本文介绍世界地球日几个孩子做的事，选项B“四个地球上的小英雄”符合主题，故选B。 When people started using plastic (塑料) in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness. But we find something bad after over-using it. Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems. A whale died in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Very little plastic is almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use plastic we do not need. Don't use straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without straws. Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and need less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 1．According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help discover many new things A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 2．Why using too much plastic makes an environmental problem? A．Animals like eating plastic things. B．Plastic is hard to break down in the nature. C．Plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. D．Sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph mean? A．Sea birds. B．Plastic things. C．Animals. D．Chicks. 4．Which of the following is good for the environment? A．Drink with a straw while in the restaurant. B．Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C．Use bamboo to replace single-use plastic. D．Throw away the single-use plastic. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Plastic, dangerous or useful B．Turn the waste into money C．Buy what you really need D．Different uses of plastic 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲了塑料给人们带来便利，但过度使用带来污染和健康问题。减少使用塑料，停止使用一次性塑料、用其他材料替代塑料、回收利用塑料。 1．细节理解题。根据“It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness.”可知，①②③均有提及，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems.”可知，塑料很难分解，其中有毒的东西会污染水和土壤，造成环境问题。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them.”可知，此处“them”指的是“little plastic things”，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil.”可知，可以用竹子取代塑料，故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据“When people started using plastic...But we find something bad after over-using it.”及全文可知，本文主要讲了塑料给人们带来便利，但过度使用带来污染和健康问题。所以A选项“塑料，危险还是有用”最符合，故选A。 As we all know, too much trash is a big problem for our earth. A woman in Indonesia has a great idea. Raden, nearly 50 years old, started a “trash library”. She hopes to make children read more and make them know the importance of earth protection. Every weekday, Raden puts all kinds of books on the back of her three-wheeler (三轮车) and rides to Muntang village. As soon as she comes, children will run to her trash library with bottles, paper cups and other trash. They give Raden the trash and get her books without money. Raden’s three-wheeler is quickly full of the trash as the books fly out. After that, Raden carries back all the trash. Raden collects about 100 kg of trash every week. Then she puts it into different groups for people to use it again or sell it. She is happy that children spend less time on computer games because of the books. Raden plans to ride the library to more people. She says, “We all should take care of our earth.” 1．What does the underlined word “trash” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Cups. B．Rubbish. C．Paper. D．Bottles. 2．Which of the following shows how Raden’s idea works?  　   　 a. She rides to Muntang village. b. She carries back all the trash. c. She puts books on her three-wheeler. d. Children run to get books with their trash. A．c-a-d-b B．c-a-b-d C．a-d-c-b D．a-b-d-c 3．How much trash can Raden collect every month? A．About 100 kg. B．About 200 kg. C．About 300 kg. D．About 400 kg. 4．What’s Raden going to do next? A．To ask more people for help. B．To collect trash from more people. C．To sell more books to the village people. D．To stop children from playing computer games. 5．What can we know about Raden from the article? A．Raden likes collecting trash. B．Raden wants to become famous. C．Raden sells books to make money. D．Raden cares about the Earth very much. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍印尼一位妇女开设了“垃圾图书馆”，希望通过阅读让孩子们了解地球保护的重要性。她每周收集约100公斤的垃圾，并将其分类再利用或出售。她计划将图书馆推广给更多人，呼吁大家共同保护地球。 1．词义猜测题。根据第一段“As we all know, too much trash is a big problem for our earth. A woman in Indonesia has a great idea.”可知太多的垃圾对于地球来说是个很大的问题，可推测“trash”的意思是“垃圾”，与rubbish意思相近。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Every weekday, Raden puts all kinds of books on the back of her three-wheeler (三轮车) and rides to Muntang village. As soon as she comes, children will run to her trash library with bottles, paper cups and other trash. They give Raden the trash and get her books without money. Raden’s three-wheeler is quickly full of the trash as the books fly out. After that, Raden carries back all the trash. ”可知，以下显示了拉登的想法是如何运作的：她把书放在她的三轮车上；她乘车前往孟塘村；孩子们带着垃圾跑去拿书；她把所有的垃圾都背了回来。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Raden collects about 100 kg of trash every week.”可知，每周收集100公斤，100乘以4为400，故拉登每个月能收集大约400公斤垃圾。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Raden plans to ride the library to more people. She says, ‘We all should take care of our earth.’”可知，拉登下一步要收集更多人的垃圾。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Raden plans to ride the library to more people. She says, ‘We all should take care of our earth.’”可知，从这篇文章中我们能了解到拉登非常关心地球。故选D。 In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go? People usually burn or bury (埋) it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the use less part? Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way? Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment; we should leave ocean water and green mountains to our next generation (一代). China is getting really serious about waste now. We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases (气) or water will get into the environment. The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting (分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion. More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste. 1．What does the underlined word “sustainable” mean? A．Missing. B．Exciting. C．Lasting. D．Moving. 2．The example of the waste electricity factories show us ________. A．waste pollutes the environment B．China also tries to put waste into good use C．we are taking less waste from developed countries D．the Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting 3．When did China start to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country? A．From January 2018. B．From July 2018. C．From January 2019. D．From February 2018. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．How to do waste sorting. B．How to deal with waste. C．What is waste pollution. D．Why to do waste sorting. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国对垃圾处理所采取的措施。 1．词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.”和最后一句“we should leave ocean water and green mountains to our next generation”可知，垃圾会阻碍环境保护和可持续的发展。由此可推知，划线词应意为“可持续的”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories.”可知，举例是为了说明中国也在努力把废物利用好。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country.”可知，是从2018年1月开始，故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据“China is getting really serious about waste now.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国对垃圾处理所采取的措施，故选B。 Do you know why the Earth is called the “Blue Planet”? Because up to 70% of its surface is covered by water! However, there are still millions of people who have to walk for over half an hour to get clean water. Why is it so difficult for them to get clean water? Will we run out of water one day? Most of the water on Earth is too salty for us to use. In fact, only 2.5% of the water on our planet is fresh water. However, we are not able to use all of it. For example, we can’t get the fresh water in rocks deep underground. In the end, the fresh water that we can use is only about 0.007% of the water on Earth! Luckily, our planet is very good at holding on water. When water turns into water vapour, it doesn’t run off into space. Since the atmosphere (大气层) is very cold, the water vapour freezes and falls back to the ground. The amount of fresh water on Earth stays about the same. However, the number of people on this planet is growing quickly. So, more and more people won’t get clean water. If we don’t change the way we use water, this problem will become even worse in the future. 1．Water covers about ________ of the Earth according to the passage. A．one half B．one third C．two thirds D．two fifths 2．Why is it difficult for people to get clean water? A．Because we are able to use salty water. B．Because clean water turns into water vapour. C．Because fresh water on the ground is hard to get. D．Because there is not much fresh water in the world. 3．The underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refers to ______. A．the way we use water B．the growing number of people C．more people can’t get clean water D．fresh water remaining as much as always 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To explain what water cycle is. B．To call on people to save water. C．To share interesting facts about water. D．To introduce new ways to get fresh water. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文通过介绍地球上有限的淡水资源，号召人们节约用水。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Because up to 70% of its surface is covered by water!”可知，水大约占地球的三分之二，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact, only 2.5% of the water on our planet is fresh water.”可知，人类很难得到清洁的水是因为世界上的淡水并不多，故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“So, more and more people won’t get clean water.”可知，这里的“this”指的是，越来越多的人得不到干净的水。故选C。 4．推理判断题。阅读全文并根据“If we don’t change the way we use water, this problem will become even worse in the future.”可知，文章的目的是号召人们节约用水，故选B。 Nowadays, the water pollution is more and more serious. There are many reasons for water pollution. First, the factories pour the waste products into the river. Second, people throw the rubbish to the river. Third, the use of chemical substances (物质) in the farm also causes the water pollution. The water pollution is harmful to human beings. The polluted water causes many kinds of diseases such as diarrihea (腹泻), enteritis (肠炎), etc. And sometimes these diseases even can take man’s life. It also makes our rivers fishless, because many fish are killed by the dirty water. What’s more, we’ll lose a lot of beautiful scenery because of the water pollution. Finally, with the water pollution more and more serious, we’ll face the shortage of the fresh water and our living standards will decline largely. Even it can threat our life. The water pollution is a common phenomenon (现象). It is not only a social problem, but also an international problem. To make our world more beautiful, people should take many methods to stop the water pollution. Firstly, the government should set up many useful rules to protect the water. Secondly, we should take an active part in protecting water in our daily life, for example, planting trees, and collecting rubbish from the river. 1．How many reasons are there in the passage for the water pollution? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5 2．What does the underlined word “fishless” probably mean in Chinese? A．鱼类的灭亡 B．鱼类的繁殖 C．鱼类的变迁 D．鱼类的退化 3．The water pollution is a _______ problem. A．only social B．small C．social and international D．only international 4．Which is the correct order for the passage? ①The bad things that the polluted water causes. ②The reasons for water pollution. ③The ways to protect water. ④Water pollution is more and more serious. A．①②③④ B．④②①③ C．④③②① D． ③④②① 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文揭示了造成水污染的原因，并呼吁大家一起保护水资源。 1．细节理解题。根据“First,...Second, ...Third,...”可知，文中给出造成水污染的三点原因。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“It also makes our rivers fishless, because many fish are killed by the dirty water.”可知，许多鱼被脏水杀死，因此水里没有鱼了。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The water pollution is a common phenomenon (现象). It is not only a social problem, but also an international problem.”可知，水污染是一种普遍现象，不仅是一个社会问题，也是一个国际问题。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays, the water pollution is more and more serious.”可知，文章首先介绍如今，水污染越来越严重。即④排第一，可排除AD选项；再根据“There are many reasons for water pollution.”可知，接着介绍了造成水污染的原因，即②排第二。故选B。 A bottle of water may not be so important to you, but it can save the day for people who live in drought-hit (遭受旱灾) areas in China.     Some places in southwest China have gone through a serious drought for the past few months. Rice and vegetables are dying, the ground is cracked, and wells and rivers are drying up. More than 20 million people are having difficulty finding safe drinking water.     However, many people are helping out by giving water, money, and other things to those in need. For example, 900 students in Xi’an bought over 1, 000 bottles of water with their pocket money and wrote wishes on the bottles like “I hope you get more rain there. I hope you are happy.”     The drought has made some students realize how important it is to save water. Students in Huizhou went on the street to encourage others to take part in water-saving activities. One student said, “I heard that some children in drought-hit areas don’t have enough drinking water. They have to drink dirty water. I feel really sad about that.” That’s why he decided to take shorter showers only twice a week to save water.    Water is valuable. We should all do our parts to save water by turning off the tap when we don’t use it, fixing broken taps, and taking shorter showers. Every little bit helps! 1．Why may a bottle of water be so important to people in drought-hit areas?   A．Because it may help people there out of hard life. B．Because it may give people there to take a bath or a shower. C．Because it may save the plants and rivers from drying up. D．Because it may let poor people taste sweet bottled water. 2．How did the students in Xi’an support people in drought-hit areas? A．By collecting money on the street and sending wishes to them. B．By calling on others to take part in water-saving activities. C．By buying bottles of water with written wishes for them. D．By joining in water-saving activities to send clean drinking water. 3．What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Less shower, more water B．The drought-hit areas in China C．Save water, save lives D．Living with no water 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要写了中国干旱地区的人们面临的困境以及人们为他们提供帮助的事情。干旱导致农作物死亡、土地开裂、井水和河流枯竭，超过2000万人难以找到安全饮用水。然而，许多人通过提供水、钱和其他物品来帮助那些需要帮助的人。一些学生意识到了节约用水的重要性，并通过购买水和在瓶子上写下祝福的方式来表达关心。一位学生决定每周只洗两次澡来节约水。水是宝贵的，我们应该尽自己的一份力量来节约水资源。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A bottle of water may not be so important to you, but it can save the day for people who live in drought-hit (遭受旱灾) areas in China.”可知一瓶水对干旱地区的人们如此重要，是因为它可以帮助那里的人们摆脱艰难的生活。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, 900 students in Xi’an bought over 1, 000 bottles of water with their pocket money and wrote wishes on the bottles like ‘I hope you get more rain there. I hope you are happy.’”可知西安的学生是通过买瓶装水，并写上祝福的方式去帮助干旱地区的人们。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。根据第一段“A bottle of water may not be so important to you, but it can save the day for people who live in drought-hit (遭受旱灾) areas in China.”可知第一段引出主题——水的重要；第二段到第四段在介绍干旱造成的不好影响以及一些学生认识到水的重要；以及最后一段“Water is valuable. We should all do our parts to save water by turning off the tap when we don’t use it, fixing broken taps, and taking shorter showers. Every little bit helps!”可知最后一段在总结全文——珍惜水资源。可知文章结构为总分总。故选B。 4．标题归纳题。根据第四段“That’s why he decided to take shorter showers only twice a week to save water. Water is valuable. We should all do our parts to save water by turning off the tap when we don't use it, fixing broken taps, and taking shorter showers. Every little bit helps!”结合上文，可知本文主要告诉我们要节约用水，可知本文的标题应为“节约用水，拯救生命”。 故选C。 The Earth is a beautiful place. It provides us with food, water, air and the place to live. But we humans (人类) are slowly destroying (破坏) it. Humans have destroyed one tenth of the Earth’s forests in the last 25 years according to a new study. Humans have been cutting down trees for different reasons (原因), such as building houses or farming. These forests clean the air and provide rain for the world. If we don’t stop cutting down them, all the forests on the Earth will be destroyed badly in less than 100 years. Also, we are putting our rubbish into rivers and lakes. Some of the rubbish is bad for plants and animals in the water. Factories pour their dirty water into the rivers before it is cleaned. As a result, there is less and less clean water for people to drink. What’s worse, a lot of animals are killed by humans. Some people kill them for food or clothes. Others hunt them for money. Many animals lose their homes because of human activities. Since humans came to the Earth,1,000 species (物种) have gone. Nearly 20,000 plants and animals are in danger of dying out. Today our Earth is in great danger. So it is time that we humans should realize our mistakes (错误) and do some things to protect the Earth. 1．What do Paragraphs 2—4 mainly talk about? A．When humans began to destroy the Earth. B．How humans are destroying the Earth. C．What humans can do to protect the Earth. D．What the Earth will be like in the future. 2．Which reason for hunting animals is NOT mentioned? A．To eat their meat. B．To make clothes. C．To sell them for money. D．To show hunters are good at hunting. 3．What does the underlined word “realize” mean? A．know B．throw C．practice D．plan 4．What will the writer talk about following the last paragraph? A．Where we humans can go if we leave the Earth. B．Why we humans need to protect the Earth. C．How we humans live a healthier life. D．What we humans can do to protect the Earth. 5．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A．History and culture. B．Life and science. C．Humans and environment. D．Food and health. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了地球为人类提供食物、水、空气等，但是我们正在破坏它，现在是时候意识到我们的错误，为保护地球做一些事情。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Humans have destroyed one tenth of the Earth’s forests in the last 25 years”“Also, we are putting our rubbish into rivers and lakes”以及“What’s worse, a lot of animals are killed by humans.”可知这三段主要介绍了人们是如何破坏地球的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some people kill them for food or clothes. Others hunt them for money”可知有些人为了食物或衣服杀死他们，其他人为了钱而猎杀它们。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“So it is time that we humans should realize our mistakes (错误) and do some things to protect the Earth”可知是意识到自己的错误，做一些事情保护地球，故此处划线部分和know意义相近。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“So it is time that we humans should realize our mistakes (错误) and do some things to protect the Earth”可知是意识到自己的错误，做一些事情保护地球，故接下来会介绍应如何保护地球。故选D。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了地球为人类提供食物、水、空气等，但是我们正在破坏它，现在是时候意识到我们的错误，为保护地球做一些事情，故文章可能出现在杂志的“人类和环境”版面。故选C。 Poyang Lake is China’s largest fresh-water lake. According to the news on China Youth Network on October 9, 2019, the lake came to its dry season, much earlier than before. Fishermen could no longer make a living and people living nearby faced water shortage (短缺). You are wrong if you think this will not happen again. Two-thirds of China’s cities now face water shortages. And about 300 million people living in the countryside drink unhealthy water. The water shortage in the world looks even sadder. By 2030, about half of the world population could be facing water shortages, said Ban Ki-moon at the Budapest Water Summit in Hungary. Think about our children and our children’s children. We should try to make the world a better place. To deal with the problem, Ban calls on people to use water in a sustainable way.” Farmers should learn to get more ‘crop per drop’ by using good irrigation technologies (灌溉技术). And also, governments should deal with the problem with all other players, including everyone,” Ban said. How can we help? It’s simple: do not waste even a drop of water! For example, turn off the tap while you are brushing your teeth, drink up bottled water before you throw the bottle away, and don’t pour out water that can be reused. If we can remember and follow this, we will make a difference. 1．Which of the following can show the structure (结构) of the passage?________ A． B． C． D． 2．People living near the Poyang Lake faced ________ shortages. A．food B．electricity C．water D．gas 3．What’s the population of the world could be facing water shortages by 2030 according to Ban Ki-moon?________ A．About 300 million people. B．About 50% of the world population. C．About 40% of the world population. D．Two-thirds of the world population. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of this article?________ A．To call on people to save water. B．To talk about some water problems. C．To tell us why water shortages happen. D．To show the importance of Poyang Lake. 5．What’s the best title of the passage?________ A．A Way to Poyang Lake B．Water Shortages C．Irrigation Technologies D．Unhealthy Water 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲了中国的水资源短缺问题，并且呼吁大家节约用水。 1．篇章结构题。第一段主要讲述了鄱阳湖水资源短缺的现象；第二、三段介绍了中国其他城市和世界的水资源短缺问题；第四、五段介绍了解决这个问题的办法。故文章结构如C图。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Fishermen could no longer make a living and people living nearby faced water shortage (短缺).”可知，鄱阳湖附近的居民面临水资源短缺。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“By 2030, about half of the world population could be facing water shortages”可知，到2030年，世界上大约一半的人口将面临缺水问题。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲了中国的水资源短缺问题，并且呼吁大家节约用水。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲了中国的水资源短缺问题，并且呼吁大家节约用水，B选项“缺水问题”为最佳标题。故选B。 The world is a lot greener thanks to a young man named Felix. Ever since he was 9 years old, he has been trying to save the planet. In 2007, Felix started an environmental organization called Plant-for-the-Planet. It encourages and teaches children from around the world to plant trees. The first tree for Plant-for-the-Planet was planted in Germany, Felix’s home country, in March, 2007. The organization has made great progress in saving the trees with the help of over 100, 000 children between the ages of 9 and 12. Within one year since it was set up, 150, 000 trees had been planted in different regions of the world. And four years after it started, it had reached its goal of planting a total of 1 million trees around the world. Restoring (恢复) lost trees is important to preventing the climate crisis (气候危机). Trees capture CO₂ from the atmosphere (大气层) and store the carbon in their leaves, stems, and roots, eventually increasing the carbon stored in soil. The world currently (目前) has three trillion trees and can host a trillion more. Trees are one of the most powerful tools that buy us time in the fight against the climate crisis. “Forests are not only the livelihood (生计) of the people, but for us children, forests are our future”, Felix once said.Plant-for-the-Planet has called on outstanding children and young people from over 90 countries. He believes that Plant-for-the-Planet will continue to serve as an important global movement (运动) to save the forests and protect the Earth. 1．The man beginning Plant-for-the-Planet is a (an) ________ . A．German B．African C．Chinese D．American 2．Plant-for-the-planet reached its goal of planting one million trees in ________. A．2007 B．2009 C．2011 D．2017 3．What are the advantages of planting trees? a.Bring us more time to fight against climate crisis. b.Make less carbon in leaves, stems, roots and soil. c.Capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. d.Many things in our daily life come from trees. A．bc B．ac C．ad D．bd 4．What does Felix think of the future of Plant-for-the-Planet? A．Afraid. B．Hopeful. C．Worried. D．Surprised. 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Team-up-planting activities for children B．Come and join Plant-for-the-Planet C．Tree-planting movements to save the forest D．A young man and Plant-for-the-Planet 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了Felix以及他创立的环保组织。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“In 2007, Felix started an environmental organization called Plant-for-the-Planet…The first tree for Plant-for-the-Planet was planted in Germany, Felix’s home country, in March, 2007.”可知，“植物保护地球”的环境组织是德国人创办的，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“The first tree for Plant-for-the-Planet was planted in Germany, Felix’s home country, in March, 2007.”和“And four years after it started, it had reached its goal of planting a total of 1 million trees around the world.”可知，“植物保护地球组织”在2011年实现了种植100万棵树的目标，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“Restoring (恢复) lost trees is important to preventing the climate crisis (气候危机). Trees capture CO₂ from the atmosphere (大气层) and store the carbon in their leaves, stems, and roots, eventually increasing the carbon stored in soil.”可知，种树给我们更多的时间来应对气候危机，还可以从大气中捕获二氧化碳，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“He believes that Plant-for-the-Planet will continue to serve as an important global movement (运动) to save the forests and protect the Earth.”可知，Felix对“植物保护地球”的环境组织充满了希望，故选B。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍Felix以及他创立的环保组织，他通过他的组织号召全世界的儿童参与到植树运动中，D项最符合文意，故选D。 阅读短文及文后 A～E 选项，选出可以填入1-5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 How We Can Protect Our Environment The environment is very important to us. It provides clean air, water, and food. However, human activities are harming the environment. Factories and cars can produce pollution. 1 We need to take action to protect our environment. One way to help is by recycling. 2 We can recycle paper,glass,and plastic. Another way to help is by saving energy. 3 Planting trees is also important. 4 Telling others about environmental protection is very important too. Everyone can do something to help the environment. 5 Remember, every small action counts. Let’s start making a difference today! A．Recycling reduces waste and saves natural resources. B．Trees clean the air and give homes to animals. C．They put harmful gases into the air and pour dirty water to rivers. D．If we all work together, we can make our planet a cleaner and healthier place to live. E．Turning off lights when not in use and using public transportation can save a lot of energy. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了应该如何保护我们的环境。 1．根据“Factories and cars can produce pollution”可知，此处是说工厂和汽车对环境造成的破坏。C项“他们把有害气体排放到空气中，把脏水倒进河里”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“One way to help is by recycling”可知，此处是说回收利用的好处。A项“回收利用可以减少浪费，节约自然资源”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“Another way to help is by saving energy”可知，此处内容与节约能源有关。E项“不用的时候关灯和乘坐公共交通工具可以节省很多能源”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“Planting trees is also important.”可知，此处是说树木的好处。B项“树木净化空气，给动物提供家园”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据“Everyone can do something to help the environment.”可知，此处是说每个人都应该为保护环境努力。D项“如果我们大家共同努力，我们可以使我们的地球成为一个更清洁、更健康的居住地。”符合语境，故选D。 Enid lives in a village called Rwibale Moja in Uganda, a country in East Africa. Since her husband died three years ago, she’s brought up six children on her own. She grows bananas, beans and corn on her farm. Enid and her children walk four miles to collect water from a natural spring (泉水), and it can take them over three hours. When the spring dries up each year, they walk even farther. They spend the daylight hours walking the same dirt path to fill their containers with unsafe drinking water. All six children are attending school. When Enid needs help with the water during the dry season, her children miss up to three days of school every week to collect water from faraway ponds. “They have big dreams. I can see them in their eyes, so I keep them in school as much as I can,” Enid said. “They give me so much hope.” The money Enid can make from her farm is only $21.29 every harvest season, and the cost of treatment (治疗) for water-related diseases is always more. The doctor at the local clinic treats her children on credit (赊账), knowing that Enid will pay as soon as her next harvest is ready. The medical costs from the polluted water have put Enid in mounting debt (债台高筑). Safe water can change everything for her family. 1．What does Enid grow on her farm? A．Bananas, beans and corn. B．Bananas, corn and coconuts. C．Bananas, beans and coconuts. D．Bananas, corn and pineapples. 2．What happens when the natural spring dries up each year? A．Enid and her children collect water from a nearby pond. B．Enid and her children spend three hours collecting water. C．Enid and her children walk over four miles to collect water. D．Enid and her children walk a different path to collect water. 3．How many days of school do Enid’s children miss every month during the dry season? A．Up to 3 days. B．Up to 6 days. C．Up t o 9 days. D．Up to 12 days. 4．Why does Enid keep her children in school as much as she can? A．Because her children are not old enough to work on the farm. B．Because her children have big dreams and they give her hope. C．Because her children don’t like farming and they are not helpful. D．Because her children are so young that they can’t find the ponds. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了伊妮德和她的三个孩子在乌干达的一个村庄生活的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“She grows bananas, beans and corn on her farm.”可知，她在农场种植香蕉、豆类和玉米。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Enid and her children walk four miles to collect water from a natural spring, and it can take them over three hours. When the spring dries up each year, they walk even farther.” 可知，每年天然泉水干涸时，伊妮德和她的孩子们走了四英里多的路去打水。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“When Enid needs help with the water during the dry season, her children miss up to three days of school every week to collect water from faraway ponds.”可推断出在旱季，伊妮德的孩子每个月缺课12天。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“They have big dreams. I can see them in their eyes, so I keep them in school as much as I can. They give me so much hope.”可知，伊妮德尽可能让她的孩子留在学校，因为她的孩子有伟大的梦想，他们给了她希望。故选B。 Dirty water can be dangerous to drink and make people get ill. It is harmful to the environment and it may hurt the animals. So where is the dirty water from?     Sewage (污水) is a big part of dirty water. In many places, it goes straight into rivers, lakes or seas. Too much sewage will kill fish and other water lives. It makes the water unsafe for animals to drink, wash or swim. So we must let the sewage go into rivers in a right way.     Oil is important, but it may be bad for the environment. If a truck or a ship leaks (泄漏) oil, plants and animals may die. For example, when the birds’ bodies are full of oil, they aren’t able to fly. Their feathers may no longer protect them from the cold weather.     Factories often pour waste water into rivers. This may do harm to plants, animals and humans. Some factories filter the waste water before it goes into rivers. In this way, the waste water won’t pollute the river and this helps to keep the environment clean.     Smoke and gases from factories and cars in the air may pollute the environment. When it rains, the chemicals in smoke and gases fall down together with the rain. They can kill plants and animals.     As we all know, water is an important part of human life. And the water resources (资源) are not enough on Earth. So we should try our best to save water and protect the valuable water resources in our daily lives. At the same time, we can also encourage more people to join us. 1．Why do we need to make the sewage go into the rivers rightly? A．The sewage will look dirty. B．The sewage will pollute the air. C．The sewage will kill some animals. D．The sewage will make the drinking water taste bad. 2．What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Sewage. B．Oil. C．Truck. D．Bird. 3．What does the underlined word “filter” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Clean. B．Add. C．Throw. D．Produce. 4．According to the passage, which is NOT the dirty water from? A．Smoke and gases from factories and cars. B．Water from seas. C．Waste water from factories. D．Sewage and oil. 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To show the importance of gases. B．To teach people to produce dirty water. C．To tell people to save animals and plants. D．To ask people to protect water resources. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了脏水对人类和环境的危害和以及脏水的来源。我们应该正确处理污水、减少石油泄漏、过滤工厂废水和减少烟雾和气体排放，以保护环境和水资源。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Too much sewage will kill fish and other water lives. It makes the water unsafe for animals to drink, wash or swim. So we must let the sewage go into rivers in a right way.”可知，我们需要让污水正确地流入河流，因为污水会杀死一些动物。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Oil is important, but it may be bad for the environment.”可知，石油很重要，但也能对环境有害；据此可知，划线单词“it”指代上文中的“oil”。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Some factories filter the waste water before it goes into rivers. In this way, the waste water won’t pollute the river and this helps to keep the environment clean.”可知，从一些工厂流出的废水流入河流而没有污染河流，说明这些工厂对这些废水进行了处理，过滤了有害的物质，使其变得干净了；据此可以推断划线单词“filter”意为“过滤”，与“clean”同义。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Sewage is a big part of dirty water. In many places, it goes straight into rivers, lakes or seas.”可知，污水是脏水的重要组成部分；根据第三段“Oil is important, but it may be bad for the environment. If a truck or a ship leaks oil, plants and animals may die.”可知，石油很重要，但它可能对环境有害；根据第四段“Factories often pour waste water into rivers.”可知，工厂经常将废水倒入河流；根据第五段“Smoke and gases from factories and cars in the air may pollute the environment. When it rains, the chemicals in smoke and gases fall down together with the rain.”可知，空气中来自工厂和汽车的烟雾和气体可能会污染环境，下雨时，烟雾和气体中的化学物质会随着雨水一起降落；文中没有提到脏水来自海洋里的水。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。综合全文尤其是最后一段“So we should try our best to save water and protect the valuable water resources in our daily lives. At the same time, we can also encourage more people to join us.”可知，本文主要介绍了污水对环境的危害，呼吁人们保护环境、保护水资源。故选D。 Many places in our world are becoming hotter and the weather is becoming more surprising. More and more ice is melting (融化) at the North Pole and South Pole of our Earth. Unluckily, we may not be able to stop these changes. Why? Because the weather of our Earth is so difficult to control (控制)! I will tell you something about our world’s surprising weather: one Roman man wrote about frogs raining from the sky almost 2,000 years ago. Can this really happen? Yes, it can! What’s more, fish and other small animals can also “rain”. They sometimes happen when a storm (暴风雨) brings very strong winds. The winds blow over the surface of oceans or lakes. Small frogs and fish aren’t very heavy, so the winds take them to the sky and then they come back down with the rain. The frog rain isn’t new in many places. In 2005, people in Serbia walked outside their homes after a storm and couldn’t believe their eyes. Hundreds of frogs were trying to jump back to water. If you’re interested to see what “frog rain”, looks like, you can go to watch the 1999 movie Magnolia. Bad weather may cause many problems to people’s lives. It’s not easy to control the weather. However, everyone should do something to protect our Earth. 1．How does the writer make us know the surprising weather well? A．By answering some questions. B．By making a study. C．By using some numbers. D．By giving us some examples. 2．Why does the writer write the second paragraph? A．To tell us that only frogs can “rain”. B．To tell us about a kind of strange weather. C．To ask us to protect frogs and other animals. D．To tell us something about the danger near the sea. 3．How did people in Serbia feel when they walked out of the door? A．Happy. B．Tired. C．Angry. D．Surprised. 4．What’s the purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To make us love science. B．To let us care about animals. C．To ask us to protect our Earth. D．To ask us to watch Magnolia. 5．Where may the passage be from? A．A storybook. B．A cartoon book. C．A geography magazine. D．A travel magazine. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了地球上的天气变化得让人无法控制，同时呼吁人们保护环境。 1．细节理解题。根据“I will tell you something about our world’s surprising weather: one Roman man wrote about frogs raining from the sky almost 2,000 years ago. Can this really happen? Yes, it can...”可知，作者通过给我们一些例子让我们很好地了解令人惊讶的天气的。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“What’s more, fish and other small animals can also ‘rain’. They sometimes happen when a storm (暴风雨) brings very strong winds. The winds blow over the surface of oceans or lakes. Small frogs and fish aren’t very heavy, so the winds take them to the sky and then they come back down with the rain.”可推知，作者通过写第二段告诉我们一种奇怪的天气。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“In 2005, people in Serbia walked outside their homes after a storm and couldn’t believe their eyes.”可推知，塞尔维亚人走出大门的时候感到很惊讶。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Bad weather may cause many problems to people’s lives. It’s not easy to control the weather. However, everyone should do something to protect our earth.”可知，作者呼吁我们要保护环境。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“Many places in our world are becoming hotter and the weather is becoming more surprising.”和阅读全文可推知，文章主要是介绍天气的，可以到地理杂志上看见这篇文章。故选C。 In modern society, people’s living conditions have improved greatly. However, some problems follow. For example, pollution is a big one in many large cities all over the world. Then how do some cities deal with the problem? Hyderabad, India (more than ten million people) Hyderabad plants more trees. The city also builds “greener” buildings. These buildings need less water and power. Adding green to a city has a number of advantages (好处). For example, trees make the air cleaner. In Hyderabad, streets were grey and ugly a few years ago. Today, they are filled with trees and flowers, making the city cleaner and more colourful. Green areas also provide space for people to relax and exercise. Also, a study in the US shows something interesting: the greener a city is, the less crime (犯罪活动) there is. São Paulo, Brazil (more than twenty-two million people) Many people work in the centre of São Paulo, but they don’t live there. They live in neighbourhoods outside the city because the houses are cheaper there. Every day, those people drive to the city to work. As a result, the traffic is heavier and the air is dirtier. The city uses different ways to change. First, it provides better public transport. It also begins to build some houses with lower prices so that people can afford them and choose to live in the city. It hopes these will reduce (减少) heavy traffic and air pollution in the city. 1．The underlined phrase “deal with” probably means “________”. A．care about something B．find more about something C．do something about a problem D．take the place of something 2．Which reason for making a city greener is NOT talked about in the passage? A．Reducing crime. B．Making the environment better. C．Helping people find jobs more easily. D．Providing space for people to relax and exercise. 3．What problem does São Paulo have? A．Rubbish can be seen everywhere. B．A lot of people don’t have jobs there. C．Too many people live in the city centre. D．The traffic is bad in the city every day. 4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．The buildings in Hyderabad can produce power. B．It is cheaper for people to live outside São Paulo. C．The streets in Hyderabad were clean and beautiful. D．São Paulo starts to ask people to stop driving to work. 5．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．The life in some big cities. B．The advantages of smaller cities. C．Why more people are moving into cities. D．How two cities protect their environment. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的海德巴拉和巴西的圣保罗是如何处理城市的污染问题，保护环境的。 1．词句猜测题。根据“For example, pollution is a big one in many large cities all over the world.”可知，污染是世界上许多大城市的一个大问题；再根据下文海得拉巴种植更多的树和圣保罗改善其公共交通来处理城市的污染问题可知，deal with表示“处理，解决”，与C选项同义。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“making the city cleaner and more colourful ... provide space for people to relax and exercise ... the greener a city is, the less crime (犯罪活动) there is.”可知，没有提到帮助人们更容易找到工作。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“As a result, the traffic is heavier and the air is dirtier.”可知，圣保罗的问题是交通拥挤和空气污染。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“They live in neighbourhoods outside the city because the houses are cheaper there.”可知，人们住在圣保罗城外是因为那里的房子更便宜。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“For example, pollution is a big one in many large cities all over the world. Then how do some cities deal with the problem?”及全文可知，污染是许多大城市面临的问题，本文具体介绍了印度的海德巴拉和巴西的圣保罗是如何处理城市的污染问题，以保护环境的。故选D。 Thirteen years ago, the BBC’s Planet Earth wildlife documentary（纪录片）took us on an amazing journey from the rainforest to the sea. It celebrated the beauty of our planet. Now, a new series made by the US entertainment company Netflix called Our Planet is doing even more than that. It calls on us to save the earth before it’s too late. “What we do in the next 20 years will determine the future for all life on Earth,” Alastair Fothergill, one of the show’s producers, told the Guardian. Our Planet has eight episodes（集）. It came out on April 5th. The series covers 50 countries and regions. More than 600 people spent over four years working on it. Every episode of the series opens with a picture of Earth taken from the moon. The narrator（旁白者）says that the human population has doubled in the last 50 years alone. In one sad scene, hundreds of walruses（海象）fall down a cliff to suffer a painful death on a beach below. Man-made global warming has destroyed their home— the sea ice. They were forced to find home on the rocks as the ice retreated（后退）away to the north. In another scene, a coral reef（珊瑚礁）under the sea has turned into a wasteland. But the series also has some successful stories. Populations of many animals, including Siberian tigers and blue whales, are recovering（恢复）with the help of international agreements. They remind us that as long as we work together, it will never be too late to save our planet. 1．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Decide. B．Hurt. C．Succeed. D．Rescue. 2．Which of the following about the documentary Our Planet is WRONG? A．It covers 50 countries and regions. B．It takes over four years to finish the work. C．It takes more than four years to complete it. D．It has 10 episodes. 3．What kind of picture does every episode begin with? A．A picture of hundreds of walruses falling down a cliff. B．A picture of the earth taken from the moon. C．A picture of a coral reef turning into a wasteland. D．A picture showing the beauty of our planet. 4．What do some successful stories remind us? A．Our planet is still a lively one. B．Our planet is recovering. C．It is never too late to save our planet. D．Humans should stop polluting the earth. 5．What does the series call on people to do? A．To make more valuable documentaries. B．To save the earth before it is too late. C．To work together to stop global warming. D．To watch the world of wildlife. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一部纪录片，这部纪录片呼吁我们在为时已晚之前拯救地球。 1．词义猜测题。根据“What we do in the next 20 years ”和“the future for all life on Earth”可知我们在未来20年所做的将决定地球上所有生命的未来，A选项符合，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Our Planet has eight episodes（集）”可知这个纪录片有八集。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Every episode of the series opens with a picture of Earth taken from the moon”可知该系列的每一集都以从月球拍摄的地球照片开始。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“They remind us that as long as we work together, it will never be too late to save our planet.”可知这些成功的故事提醒我们拯救我们的星球永远不会太晚。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“It calls on us to save the earth before it's too late.”可知它呼吁我们在为时已晚之前拯救地球。故选B。 China has a good story to tell about forests: Forests covered only 8.6% of China’s land area when the new China was founded in 1949. Till now, 24.02% of China has been covered with forests. It is planting forests of the same size of a Belgium (比利时) every year.     What happened in these past years in China? The reforestation of Saihanba is one of the stories that have made history.     Along the Mongolian Desert (蒙古沙漠), Saihanba was once a large area of forests, but after years of tree felling, it became a wasteland in the late Qing Dynasty. In the 1960s, China decided to regreen the desert. Hundreds of foresters went to this wild place. They fought against long cold winters, terrible droughts (干旱) and sandstorms. The hard work lasted over 50 years, but it finally paid off. Saihanba now stands as a great green wall against the Hunshandake Desert (浑善达克沙漠).     Forests can be seen in China’s cities, too. Take a walk around Shenzhen, Chongqing, or Kunming. Everywhere you go, you see the cities covered with trees. Being close to nature makes us healthier and happier. City forests do much good to human society: they beautify the land, clean the air, reduce the noise, and protect the soil. They also decrease the risk of flooding, provide home for all kinds of creatures and store carbon dioxide. 1．What do the numbers in Paragraph 1 tell us? A．Today’s China has twice as many forests as in 1949. B．Few changes have taken place in China in the past few years. C．China’s forests today are nearly three times as many as in 1949. D．New China was covered with many forests when it was founded in 1949. 2．Why does the writer tell the story of Saihanba in the passage? A．To give an example of China’s planting forests in the past years. B．To show how hard the foresters worked to turn it into forests. C．To tell others how New China helped Belgium plant forests. D．To help people understand how to fight against the bad weather. 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2? A．Cutting down forests. B．Planting forests again. C．Living in the forests. D．Studying the forests. 4．How can the city forests keep people healthier and happier?  　    　 ①By making the city beautiful. ②By providing homes for animals. ③By producing carbon dioxide. ④By protecting the soil. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．China’s city forests. B．China’s foresters. C．China’s plan for future. D．China’s story about forests. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述新中国成立以来在植树造林方面取得的成绩。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Forests covered only 8.6% of China’s land area when the new China was founded in 1949. Till now, 24.02% of China has been covered with forests. ”可知，数据告诉我们中国如今的森林面积几乎是1949年时的三倍。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“What happened in these past years in China? The reforestation of Saihanba is one of the stories that have made history. ”可知，作者讲述塞罕坝的故事是举一个中国过去几年种植森林的例子。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Saihanba was once a large area of forests, but after years of tree felling, it became a wasteland in the late Qing Dynasty. In the 1960s, China decided to regreen the desert. ”可知，第三段是在讲塞罕坝重新开垦森林的故事，故推断第二段中划线单词指的是“重新种植森林”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“City forests do much good to human society: they beautify the land, clean the air, reduce the noise, and protect the soil. They also decrease the risk of flooding, provide home for all kinds of creatures and store carbon dioxide. ”可知，城市森林不会产生二氧化碳，选项中应排除③。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“China has a good story to tell about forests”可知，本文主要讲述中国关于森林的故事。故选D。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 7 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作精品新教材系列资料，已编校！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作精品新教材系列资料，已编校！ Unit4 The Earth 单元主题阅读20篇 In September of 2021, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature reported some plants and animals are in danger. Some of these worrying animals are giraffes, sharks and Komodo dragons.       Giraffes      Over the last 30 years, the number of giraffes has dropped by 40 percent. There are now fewer than 100, 000 giraffes in the world today. Giraffes are in danger because of human activities such as hunting (捕猎).      Sharks       A study found that 36 percent of the 536 shark species are threatened (生存遭威胁). Sharks are often killed for their meat, skin and fins (鱼翅). What’s more, they also grow very slowly and don’t have many babies.      Komodo dragons      Komodo dragons are the largest lizards (蜥蜴) in the world. They can grow to three meters long and as heavy as 70 kilograms! Komodo dragons live on only five islands in Indonesia, but they are now in danger of extinction. They have lost a lot of their habitat (栖息地) because of human activities and climate change. 1．How many giraffes are there in the world today? A．More than 100, 000. B．Fewer than 100, 000. C．More than 200, 000. D．Fewer than 10, 000. 2．What are sharks often killed for? A．Electricity and water. B．Meat and diamond. C．Fins, salt and disease. D．Meat, fins and skin. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Fins. B．Sharks. C．Giraffes. D．Animals. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Over the last 30 years, the number of giraffes has dropped by 36 percent. B．Sharks grow very fast and have many babies. C．Komodo dragons are the smallest lizards in the world. D．Komodo have lost lots of habitat because of human activities and climate change. 5．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To ask readers to know about sharks. B．To talk about the International Union. C．To tell us some animals in danger. D．To give advice on animal studying. The area of the Yinchuan Wetland (湿地) Park was once a place that people disliked: waste water caused terrible smells and almost no grass could grow on the land. Now, it not only becomes a popular place for people to take a walk, but also a good place for birds and other animals.     Li Zhijun is a member of the bird protecting organization. He saw the great changes at the park. According to him, the Yinchuan Wetland Park has become a famous place for bird photographers. More birds would like to stay here in winter.     Besides Ningxia, many cities in China make great efforts to protect wetlands. Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province, is known as a “city of a hundred lakes”. The city has five large wetland reserves (保护区). Tens of thousands of birds come to stay in winter.     Panjin in Liaoning province is another surprising wetland city. In the past, the city has a lot of environmental problems because of oil production. But now in the wetlands by the sea, seagrass turns red every autumn, creating beautiful “red beaches”.     Chen Zhihai, a local fishery worker, said, “In the past, there were almost no wild fish. Thanks to the efforts of Panjin people, now the wetland is back again!” 1．How was the Yinchuan Wetland Park like in the past? A．No grass could grow on the land. B．People liked to go there for a walk. C．Migratory birds stayed there in winter. D．It was a good place for bird photographer. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Waste water. B．Wetland park. C．Grass. D．Land. 3．Which city is called “city of a hundred lakes”? A．Yinchuan B．Shenzhen C．Panjin D．Wuhan 4．Why did Panjin have many environmental problems in the past? A．Because people put waste water in the rivers. B．Because migratory birds didn’t come here in winter. C．Because people caused pollution during oil production. D．Because the government didn’t build any wetland reserves. 5．Where can you read this passage? A．Nature magazine B．Story book C．History poem D．People around us We make all kinds of rubbish every day. Some artists have new ideas on how to recycle (回收) rubbish. Let’s have a look. What’s this? This is a model of Bumblebee. An Indonesian man called Yusuf made it at home. He used recycled waste such as plastic bottles. Look at this! Canadian artist Benjamin made it. When the tap is on, there is no water but it’s full of plastic waste. It wants to ask people to end plastic (塑料) pollution. Is it a walking robot? No, this is a big statue (雕塑). A German artist, HA Schult, used wasted washing machines to make it. This is a “panda” made of recycled shoes. All the things are collected from beaches in Kenya. This panda wants to tell people to take care of animals in danger. 1．Who made the model of Bumblebee? A．A German artist. B．An Indonesian man. C．A Canadian artist. D．Some Chinese. 2．What can we know about Benjamin’s artwork? A．There is a lot of water in the tap. B．There is no plastic waste in the tap. C．German artist Benjamin made it. D．Benjamin hopes we can stop plastic pollution. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．A walking robot. B．A big statue. C．A German artist. D．A panda. 4．Why did someone make the “panda” according to the last paragraph? A．Because people often throw old shoes away. B．Because there is much rubbish in Kenya. C．Because people should look after animals in danger. D．Because people should learn to recycle rubbish. 5．What is the article mainly about? A．Use rubbish to make artwork. B．Why we should protect the Earth. C．Pandas are our cute friends. D．Say no to plastic pollution. People around the world work together to help our planet on Earth Day, April 22. But in fact, lots of people protect the Earth all year long. They are Earth heroes (英雄). And some kids do, too. We have four kids here, telling you that you can help even if you are a child. Saving the frogs John is from the USA．He always loves frogs. When John was 5, he leaned their living places were in danger. So John started a group, For the Love of Frogs. They sold toy frogs to collect money to help frogs. John is now 10 and the group has more than $ 20,000 to protect frogs! Growing right Mandy lives in a city in India. She saw a wasteland near her house at 15. She turned it into a garden. She used native plants that lived or grew around her city. Native plants could make insects like butterflies and animals come to her area. Mandy is now 18. She is teaching people about native plants. “The way to reuse the wasteland is not just to plant any tree,” she said. “It is to make sure that you grow the right plants in the area.” Cleaning up Zhang Min, 13, and Zhang Jie, 15, live in a city in China. To fight plastic pollution, they made a plan. They wanted to clean up plastic waste in the Pearl River. Zhang Min and Zhang Jie put up posters at school to make people care more about plastic waste. “You need to have people talk to one another,” Zhang Jie said, “Everyone can do something to help.” 1．Why does John want to save frogs? A．Because he joined the Saving-frog Group. B．Because he wants to make money. C．Because people are catching frogs. D．Because frogs’ homes were in danger. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A．a house B．a wasteland C．a city D．a native plant 3．What did Zhang Min and Zhang Jie plan to do? A．To put up posters near their house. B．To ask people not to use plastic. C．To help people make friends with each other. D．To help make the Pearl River clean and tidy. 4．What’s the best title (标题) of the article? A．Earth Day: a day for the planet B．Four kid heroes for the planet C．Work together to fight pollution D．New ways to protect the Earth When people started using plastic (塑料) in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness. But we find something bad after over-using it. Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems. A whale died in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Very little plastic is almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use plastic we do not need. Don't use straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without straws. Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and need less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 1．According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help discover many new things A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 2．Why using too much plastic makes an environmental problem? A．Animals like eating plastic things. B．Plastic is hard to break down in the nature. C．Plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. D．Sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph mean? A．Sea birds. B．Plastic things. C．Animals. D．Chicks. 4．Which of the following is good for the environment? A．Drink with a straw while in the restaurant. B．Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C．Use bamboo to replace single-use plastic. D．Throw away the single-use plastic. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Plastic, dangerous or useful B．Turn the waste into money C．Buy what you really need D．Different uses of plastic As we all know, too much trash is a big problem for our earth. A woman in Indonesia has a great idea. Raden, nearly 50 years old, started a “trash library”. She hopes to make children read more and make them know the importance of earth protection. Every weekday, Raden puts all kinds of books on the back of her three-wheeler (三轮车) and rides to Muntang village. As soon as she comes, children will run to her trash library with bottles, paper cups and other trash. They give Raden the trash and get her books without money. Raden’s three-wheeler is quickly full of the trash as the books fly out. After that, Raden carries back all the trash. Raden collects about 100 kg of trash every week. Then she puts it into different groups for people to use it again or sell it. She is happy that children spend less time on computer games because of the books. Raden plans to ride the library to more people. She says, “We all should take care of our earth.” 1．What does the underlined word “trash” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Cups. B．Rubbish. C．Paper. D．Bottles. 2．Which of the following shows how Raden’s idea works?  　   　 a. She rides to Muntang village. b. She carries back all the trash. c. She puts books on her three-wheeler. d. Children run to get books with their trash. A．c-a-d-b B．c-a-b-d C．a-d-c-b D．a-b-d-c 3．How much trash can Raden collect every month? A．About 100 kg. B．About 200 kg. C．About 300 kg. D．About 400 kg. 4．What’s Raden going to do next? A．To ask more people for help. B．To collect trash from more people. C．To sell more books to the village people. D．To stop children from playing computer games. 5．What can we know about Raden from the article? A．Raden likes collecting trash. B．Raden wants to become famous. C．Raden sells books to make money. D．Raden cares about the Earth very much. In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go? People usually burn or bury (埋) it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the use less part? Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way? Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment; we should leave ocean water and green mountains to our next generation (一代). China is getting really serious about waste now. We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases (气) or water will get into the environment. The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting (分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion. More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste. 1．What does the underlined word “sustainable” mean? A．Missing. B．Exciting. C．Lasting. D．Moving. 2．The example of the waste electricity factories show us ________. A．waste pollutes the environment B．China also tries to put waste into good use C．we are taking less waste from developed countries D．the Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting 3．When did China start to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country? A．From January 2018. B．From July 2018. C．From January 2019. D．From February 2018. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．How to do waste sorting. B．How to deal with waste. C．What is waste pollution. D．Why to do waste sorting. Do you know why the Earth is called the “Blue Planet”? Because up to 70% of its surface is covered by water! However, there are still millions of people who have to walk for over half an hour to get clean water. Why is it so difficult for them to get clean water? Will we run out of water one day? Most of the water on Earth is too salty for us to use. In fact, only 2.5% of the water on our planet is fresh water. However, we are not able to use all of it. For example, we can’t get the fresh water in rocks deep underground. In the end, the fresh water that we can use is only about 0.007% of the water on Earth! Luckily, our planet is very good at holding on water. When water turns into water vapour, it doesn’t run off into space. Since the atmosphere (大气层) is very cold, the water vapour freezes and falls back to the ground. The amount of fresh water on Earth stays about the same. However, the number of people on this planet is growing quickly. So, more and more people won’t get clean water. If we don’t change the way we use water, this problem will become even worse in the future. 1．Water covers about ________ of the Earth according to the passage. A．one half B．one third C．two thirds D．two fifths 2．Why is it difficult for people to get clean water? A．Because we are able to use salty water. B．Because clean water turns into water vapour. C．Because fresh water on the ground is hard to get. D．Because there is not much fresh water in the world. 3．The underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refers to ______. A．the way we use water B．the growing number of people C．more people can’t get clean water D．fresh water remaining as much as always 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To explain what water cycle is. B．To call on people to save water. C．To share interesting facts about water. D．To introduce new ways to get fresh water. Nowadays, the water pollution is more and more serious. There are many reasons for water pollution. First, the factories pour the waste products into the river. Second, people throw the rubbish to the river. Third, the use of chemical substances (物质) in the farm also causes the water pollution. The water pollution is harmful to human beings. The polluted water causes many kinds of diseases such as diarrihea (腹泻), enteritis (肠炎), etc. And sometimes these diseases even can take man’s life. It also makes our rivers fishless, because many fish are killed by the dirty water. What’s more, we’ll lose a lot of beautiful scenery because of the water pollution. Finally, with the water pollution more and more serious, we’ll face the shortage of the fresh water and our living standards will decline largely. Even it can threat our life. The water pollution is a common phenomenon (现象). It is not only a social problem, but also an international problem. To make our world more beautiful, people should take many methods to stop the water pollution. Firstly, the government should set up many useful rules to protect the water. Secondly, we should take an active part in protecting water in our daily life, for example, planting trees, and collecting rubbish from the river. 1．How many reasons are there in the passage for the water pollution? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5 2．What does the underlined word “fishless” probably mean in Chinese? A．鱼类的灭亡 B．鱼类的繁殖 C．鱼类的变迁 D．鱼类的退化 3．The water pollution is a _______ problem. A．only social B．small C．social and international D．only international 4．Which is the correct order for the passage? ①The bad things that the polluted water causes. ②The reasons for water pollution. ③The ways to protect water. ④Water pollution is more and more serious. A．①②③④ B．④②①③ C．④③②① D． ③④②① A bottle of water may not be so important to you, but it can save the day for people who live in drought-hit (遭受旱灾) areas in China.     Some places in southwest China have gone through a serious drought for the past few months. Rice and vegetables are dying, the ground is cracked, and wells and rivers are drying up. More than 20 million people are having difficulty finding safe drinking water.     However, many people are helping out by giving water, money, and other things to those in need. For example, 900 students in Xi’an bought over 1, 000 bottles of water with their pocket money and wrote wishes on the bottles like “I hope you get more rain there. I hope you are happy.”     The drought has made some students realize how important it is to save water. Students in Huizhou went on the street to encourage others to take part in water-saving activities. One student said, “I heard that some children in drought-hit areas don’t have enough drinking water. They have to drink dirty water. I feel really sad about that.” That’s why he decided to take shorter showers only twice a week to save water.    Water is valuable. We should all do our parts to save water by turning off the tap when we don’t use it, fixing broken taps, and taking shorter showers. Every little bit helps! 1．Why may a bottle of water be so important to people in drought-hit areas?   A．Because it may help people there out of hard life. B．Because it may give people there to take a bath or a shower. C．Because it may save the plants and rivers from drying up. D．Because it may let poor people taste sweet bottled water. 2．How did the students in Xi’an support people in drought-hit areas? A．By collecting money on the street and sending wishes to them. B．By calling on others to take part in water-saving activities. C．By buying bottles of water with written wishes for them. D．By joining in water-saving activities to send clean drinking water. 3．What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Less shower, more water B．The drought-hit areas in China C．Save water, save lives D．Living with no water The Earth is a beautiful place. It provides us with food, water, air and the place to live. But we humans (人类) are slowly destroying (破坏) it. Humans have destroyed one tenth of the Earth’s forests in the last 25 years according to a new study. Humans have been cutting down trees for different reasons (原因), such as building houses or farming. These forests clean the air and provide rain for the world. If we don’t stop cutting down them, all the forests on the Earth will be destroyed badly in less than 100 years. Also, we are putting our rubbish into rivers and lakes. Some of the rubbish is bad for plants and animals in the water. Factories pour their dirty water into the rivers before it is cleaned. As a result, there is less and less clean water for people to drink. What’s worse, a lot of animals are killed by humans. Some people kill them for food or clothes. Others hunt them for money. Many animals lose their homes because of human activities. Since humans came to the Earth,1,000 species (物种) have gone. Nearly 20,000 plants and animals are in danger of dying out. Today our Earth is in great danger. So it is time that we humans should realize our mistakes (错误) and do some things to protect the Earth. 1．What do Paragraphs 2—4 mainly talk about? A．When humans began to destroy the Earth. B．How humans are destroying the Earth. C．What humans can do to protect the Earth. D．What the Earth will be like in the future. 2．Which reason for hunting animals is NOT mentioned? A．To eat their meat. B．To make clothes. C．To sell them for money. D．To show hunters are good at hunting. 3．What does the underlined word “realize” mean? A．know B．throw C．practice D．plan 4．What will the writer talk about following the last paragraph? A．Where we humans can go if we leave the Earth. B．Why we humans need to protect the Earth. C．How we humans live a healthier life. D．What we humans can do to protect the Earth. 5．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A．History and culture. B．Life and science. C．Humans and environment. D．Food and health. Poyang Lake is China’s largest fresh-water lake. According to the news on China Youth Network on October 9, 2019, the lake came to its dry season, much earlier than before. Fishermen could no longer make a living and people living nearby faced water shortage (短缺). You are wrong if you think this will not happen again. Two-thirds of China’s cities now face water shortages. And about 300 million people living in the countryside drink unhealthy water. The water shortage in the world looks even sadder. By 2030, about half of the world population could be facing water shortages, said Ban Ki-moon at the Budapest Water Summit in Hungary. Think about our children and our children’s children. We should try to make the world a better place. To deal with the problem, Ban calls on people to use water in a sustainable way.” Farmers should learn to get more ‘crop per drop’ by using good irrigation technologies (灌溉技术). And also, governments should deal with the problem with all other players, including everyone,” Ban said. How can we help? It’s simple: do not waste even a drop of water! For example, turn off the tap while you are brushing your teeth, drink up bottled water before you throw the bottle away, and don’t pour out water that can be reused. If we can remember and follow this, we will make a difference. 1．Which of the following can show the structure (结构) of the passage?________ A． B． C． D． 2．People living near the Poyang Lake faced ________ shortages. A．food B．electricity C．water D．gas 3．What’s the population of the world could be facing water shortages by 2030 according to Ban Ki-moon?________ A．About 300 million people. B．About 50% of the world population. C．About 40% of the world population. D．Two-thirds of the world population. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of this article?________ A．To call on people to save water. B．To talk about some water problems. C．To tell us why water shortages happen. D．To show the importance of Poyang Lake. 5．What’s the best title of the passage?________ A．A Way to Poyang Lake B．Water Shortages C．Irrigation Technologies D．Unhealthy Water The world is a lot greener thanks to a young man named Felix. Ever since he was 9 years old, he has been trying to save the planet. In 2007, Felix started an environmental organization called Plant-for-the-Planet. It encourages and teaches children from around the world to plant trees. The first tree for Plant-for-the-Planet was planted in Germany, Felix’s home country, in March, 2007. The organization has made great progress in saving the trees with the help of over 100, 000 children between the ages of 9 and 12. Within one year since it was set up, 150, 000 trees had been planted in different regions of the world. And four years after it started, it had reached its goal of planting a total of 1 million trees around the world. Restoring (恢复) lost trees is important to preventing the climate crisis (气候危机). Trees capture CO₂ from the atmosphere (大气层) and store the carbon in their leaves, stems, and roots, eventually increasing the carbon stored in soil. The world currently (目前) has three trillion trees and can host a trillion more. Trees are one of the most powerful tools that buy us time in the fight against the climate crisis. “Forests are not only the livelihood (生计) of the people, but for us children, forests are our future”, Felix once said.Plant-for-the-Planet has called on outstanding children and young people from over 90 countries. He believes that Plant-for-the-Planet will continue to serve as an important global movement (运动) to save the forests and protect the Earth. 1．The man beginning Plant-for-the-Planet is a (an) ________ . A．German B．African C．Chinese D．American 2．Plant-for-the-planet reached its goal of planting one million trees in ________. A．2007 B．2009 C．2011 D．2017 3．What are the advantages of planting trees? a.Bring us more time to fight against climate crisis. b.Make less carbon in leaves, stems, roots and soil. c.Capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. d.Many things in our daily life come from trees. A．bc B．ac C．ad D．bd 4．What does Felix think of the future of Plant-for-the-Planet? A．Afraid. B．Hopeful. C．Worried. D．Surprised. 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Team-up-planting activities for children B．Come and join Plant-for-the-Planet C．Tree-planting movements to save the forest D．A young man and Plant-for-the-Planet 阅读短文及文后 A～E 选项，选出可以填入1-5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 How We Can Protect Our Environment The environment is very important to us. It provides clean air, water, and food. However, human activities are harming the environment. Factories and cars can produce pollution. 1 We need to take action to protect our environment. One way to help is by recycling. 2 We can recycle paper,glass,and plastic. Another way to help is by saving energy. 3 Planting trees is also important. 4 Telling others about environmental protection is very important too. Everyone can do something to help the environment. 5 Remember, every small action counts. Let’s start making a difference today! A．Recycling reduces waste and saves natural resources. B．Trees clean the air and give homes to animals. C．They put harmful gases into the air and pour dirty water to rivers. D．If we all work together, we can make our planet a cleaner and healthier place to live. E．Turning off lights when not in use and using public transportation can save a lot of energy. Enid lives in a village called Rwibale Moja in Uganda, a country in East Africa. Since her husband died three years ago, she’s brought up six children on her own. She grows bananas, beans and corn on her farm. Enid and her children walk four miles to collect water from a natural spring (泉水), and it can take them over three hours. When the spring dries up each year, they walk even farther. They spend the daylight hours walking the same dirt path to fill their containers with unsafe drinking water. All six children are attending school. When Enid needs help with the water during the dry season, her children miss up to three days of school every week to collect water from faraway ponds. “They have big dreams. I can see them in their eyes, so I keep them in school as much as I can,” Enid said. “They give me so much hope.” The money Enid can make from her farm is only $21.29 every harvest season, and the cost of treatment (治疗) for water-related diseases is always more. The doctor at the local clinic treats her children on credit (赊账), knowing that Enid will pay as soon as her next harvest is ready. The medical costs from the polluted water have put Enid in mounting debt (债台高筑). Safe water can change everything for her family. 1．What does Enid grow on her farm? A．Bananas, beans and corn. B．Bananas, corn and coconuts. C．Bananas, beans and coconuts. D．Bananas, corn and pineapples. 2．What happens when the natural spring dries up each year? A．Enid and her children collect water from a nearby pond. B．Enid and her children spend three hours collecting water. C．Enid and her children walk over four miles to collect water. D．Enid and her children walk a different path to collect water. 3．How many days of school do Enid’s children miss every month during the dry season? A．Up to 3 days. B．Up to 6 days. C．Up t o 9 days. D．Up to 12 days. 4．Why does Enid keep her children in school as much as she can? A．Because her children are not old enough to work on the farm. B．Because her children have big dreams and they give her hope. C．Because her children don’t like farming and they are not helpful. D．Because her children are so young that they can’t find the ponds. Dirty water can be dangerous to drink and make people get ill. It is harmful to the environment and it may hurt the animals. So where is the dirty water from?     Sewage (污水) is a big part of dirty water. In many places, it goes straight into rivers, lakes or seas. Too much sewage will kill fish and other water lives. It makes the water unsafe for animals to drink, wash or swim. So we must let the sewage go into rivers in a right way.     Oil is important, but it may be bad for the environment. If a truck or a ship leaks (泄漏) oil, plants and animals may die. For example, when the birds’ bodies are full of oil, they aren’t able to fly. Their feathers may no longer protect them from the cold weather.     Factories often pour waste water into rivers. This may do harm to plants, animals and humans. Some factories filter the waste water before it goes into rivers. In this way, the waste water won’t pollute the river and this helps to keep the environment clean.     Smoke and gases from factories and cars in the air may pollute the environment. When it rains, the chemicals in smoke and gases fall down together with the rain. They can kill plants and animals.     As we all know, water is an important part of human life. And the water resources (资源) are not enough on Earth. So we should try our best to save water and protect the valuable water resources in our daily lives. At the same time, we can also encourage more people to join us. 1．Why do we need to make the sewage go into the rivers rightly? A．The sewage will look dirty. B．The sewage will pollute the air. C．The sewage will kill some animals. D．The sewage will make the drinking water taste bad. 2．What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Sewage. B．Oil. C．Truck. D．Bird. 3．What does the underlined word “filter” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Clean. B．Add. C．Throw. D．Produce. 4．According to the passage, which is NOT the dirty water from? A．Smoke and gases from factories and cars. B．Water from seas. C．Waste water from factories. D．Sewage and oil. 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To show the importance of gases. B．To teach people to produce dirty water. C．To tell people to save animals and plants. D．To ask people to protect water resources. Many places in our world are becoming hotter and the weather is becoming more surprising. More and more ice is melting (融化) at the North Pole and South Pole of our Earth. Unluckily, we may not be able to stop these changes. Why? Because the weather of our Earth is so difficult to control (控制)! I will tell you something about our world’s surprising weather: one Roman man wrote about frogs raining from the sky almost 2,000 years ago. Can this really happen? Yes, it can! What’s more, fish and other small animals can also “rain”. They sometimes happen when a storm (暴风雨) brings very strong winds. The winds blow over the surface of oceans or lakes. Small frogs and fish aren’t very heavy, so the winds take them to the sky and then they come back down with the rain. The frog rain isn’t new in many places. In 2005, people in Serbia walked outside their homes after a storm and couldn’t believe their eyes. Hundreds of frogs were trying to jump back to water. If you’re interested to see what “frog rain”, looks like, you can go to watch the 1999 movie Magnolia. Bad weather may cause many problems to people’s lives. It’s not easy to control the weather. However, everyone should do something to protect our Earth. 1．How does the writer make us know the surprising weather well? A．By answering some questions. B．By making a study. C．By using some numbers. D．By giving us some examples. 2．Why does the writer write the second paragraph? A．To tell us that only frogs can “rain”. B．To tell us about a kind of strange weather. C．To ask us to protect frogs and other animals. D．To tell us something about the danger near the sea. 3．How did people in Serbia feel when they walked out of the door? A．Happy. B．Tired. C．Angry. D．Surprised. 4．What’s the purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To make us love science. B．To let us care about animals. C．To ask us to protect our Earth. D．To ask us to watch Magnolia. 5．Where may the passage be from? A．A storybook. B．A cartoon book. C．A geography magazine. D．A travel magazine. In modern society, people’s living conditions have improved greatly. However, some problems follow. For example, pollution is a big one in many large cities all over the world. Then how do some cities deal with the problem? Hyderabad, India (more than ten million people) Hyderabad plants more trees. The city also builds “greener” buildings. These buildings need less water and power. Adding green to a city has a number of advantages (好处). For example, trees make the air cleaner. In Hyderabad, streets were grey and ugly a few years ago. Today, they are filled with trees and flowers, making the city cleaner and more colourful. Green areas also provide space for people to relax and exercise. Also, a study in the US shows something interesting: the greener a city is, the less crime (犯罪活动) there is. São Paulo, Brazil (more than twenty-two million people) Many people work in the centre of São Paulo, but they don’t live there. They live in neighbourhoods outside the city because the houses are cheaper there. Every day, those people drive to the city to work. As a result, the traffic is heavier and the air is dirtier. The city uses different ways to change. First, it provides better public transport. It also begins to build some houses with lower prices so that people can afford them and choose to live in the city. It hopes these will reduce (减少) heavy traffic and air pollution in the city. 1．The underlined phrase “deal with” probably means “________”. A．care about something B．find more about something C．do something about a problem D．take the place of something 2．Which reason for making a city greener is NOT talked about in the passage? A．Reducing crime. B．Making the environment better. C．Helping people find jobs more easily. D．Providing space for people to relax and exercise. 3．What problem does São Paulo have? A．Rubbish can be seen everywhere. B．A lot of people don’t have jobs there. C．Too many people live in the city centre. D．The traffic is bad in the city every day. 4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．The buildings in Hyderabad can produce power. B．It is cheaper for people to live outside São Paulo. C．The streets in Hyderabad were clean and beautiful. D．São Paulo starts to ask people to stop driving to work. 5．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．The life in some big cities. B．The advantages of smaller cities. C．Why more people are moving into cities. D．How two cities protect their environment. Thirteen years ago, the BBC’s Planet Earth wildlife documentary（纪录片）took us on an amazing journey from the rainforest to the sea. It celebrated the beauty of our planet. Now, a new series made by the US entertainment company Netflix called Our Planet is doing even more than that. It calls on us to save the earth before it’s too late. “What we do in the next 20 years will determine the future for all life on Earth,” Alastair Fothergill, one of the show’s producers, told the Guardian. Our Planet has eight episodes（集）. It came out on April 5th. The series covers 50 countries and regions. More than 600 people spent over four years working on it. Every episode of the series opens with a picture of Earth taken from the moon. The narrator（旁白者）says that the human population has doubled in the last 50 years alone. In one sad scene, hundreds of walruses（海象）fall down a cliff to suffer a painful death on a beach below. Man-made global warming has destroyed their home— the sea ice. They were forced to find home on the rocks as the ice retreated（后退）away to the north. In another scene, a coral reef（珊瑚礁）under the sea has turned into a wasteland. But the series also has some successful stories. Populations of many animals, including Siberian tigers and blue whales, are recovering（恢复）with the help of international agreements. They remind us that as long as we work together, it will never be too late to save our planet. 1．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Decide. B．Hurt. C．Succeed. D．Rescue. 2．Which of the following about the documentary Our Planet is WRONG? A．It covers 50 countries and regions. B．It takes over four years to finish the work. C．It takes more than four years to complete it. D．It has 10 episodes. 3．What kind of picture does every episode begin with? A．A picture of hundreds of walruses falling down a cliff. B．A picture of the earth taken from the moon. C．A picture of a coral reef turning into a wasteland. D．A picture showing the beauty of our planet. 4．What do some successful stories remind us? A．Our planet is still a lively one. B．Our planet is recovering. C．It is never too late to save our planet. D．Humans should stop polluting the earth. 5．What does the series call on people to do? A．To make more valuable documentaries. B．To save the earth before it is too late. C．To work together to stop global warming. D．To watch the world of wildlife. China has a good story to tell about forests: Forests covered only 8.6% of China’s land area when the new China was founded in 1949. Till now, 24.02% of China has been covered with forests. It is planting forests of the same size of a Belgium (比利时) every year.     What happened in these past years in China? The reforestation of Saihanba is one of the stories that have made history.     Along the Mongolian Desert (蒙古沙漠), Saihanba was once a large area of forests, but after years of tree felling, it became a wasteland in the late Qing Dynasty. In the 1960s, China decided to regreen the desert. Hundreds of foresters went to this wild place. They fought against long cold winters, terrible droughts (干旱) and sandstorms. The hard work lasted over 50 years, but it finally paid off. Saihanba now stands as a great green wall against the Hunshandake Desert (浑善达克沙漠).     Forests can be seen in China’s cities, too. Take a walk around Shenzhen, Chongqing, or Kunming. Everywhere you go, you see the cities covered with trees. Being close to nature makes us healthier and happier. City forests do much good to human society: they beautify the land, clean the air, reduce the noise, and protect the soil. They also decrease the risk of flooding, provide home for all kinds of creatures and store carbon dioxide. 1．What do the numbers in Paragraph 1 tell us? A．Today’s China has twice as many forests as in 1949. B．Few changes have taken place in China in the past few years. C．China’s forests today are nearly three times as many as in 1949. D．New China was covered with many forests when it was founded in 1949. 2．Why does the writer tell the story of Saihanba in the passage? A．To give an example of China’s planting forests in the past years. B．To show how hard the foresters worked to turn it into forests. C．To tell others how New China helped Belgium plant forests. D．To help people understand how to fight against the bad weather. 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2? A．Cutting down forests. B．Planting forests again. C．Living in the forests. D．Studying the forests. 4．How can the city forests keep people healthier and happier?  　    　 ①By making the city beautiful. ②By providing homes for animals. ③By producing carbon dioxide. ④By protecting the soil. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．China’s city forests. B．China’s foresters. C．China’s plan for future. D．China’s story about forests. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 7 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$