定语从句基本用法（关系代词）课件-2025届高三英语一轮复习

Attributive clause 定语从句基本用法 Learning goals: 1. Review the foundamentals about Attributive Clause, especially the Restrictive Attributive Clause. 2. Pay much attention to some differences in Attributive Clause. 3. Do some exercises to put what’s reviewed into practice. Listen and fill in the blank: _____________________________ ____________ _______________________ _______ 定语从句 Step 1 Lead in 1.He is an honest boy. 2.We love our country. 3.Where is your bag? 4.I have something to do . 定语作用：修饰、 限定名词或代词 一，定语的概念 Step 2 Presentation 二，定语从句的概念 1.句子分类 简单句：① He is a student. ②He likes English. 并列句：He is a student and he likes English. 复合句（从句）：He is a student who likes English. 2.定语从句的概念 在一个复合句中，对一个名词或代词起修饰限定作用的从句就是定语从句。 3.定语从句的构成 关系词：引导从句的词 从句：由关系词所引导的句子，就是从句。 先行词：定语从句所修饰限定的词。 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 关系代词 which, that, whose, who, whom, as 关 系 词 的 作 用 A. 引导定语从句 B.替代先行词 C.在定语从句中作成分 三，定语从句判定练习 1.This is the bag that my mother bought yesterday. 2. The man who lives next to us is my English teacher. 3. The girl who you saw in the street is Mary. 4.This is the factory which the students visited yesterday. 通过上面的练习，同学们是否能够总结出定语从句 划分与判定的方法呢？ 从句划分方法：从关系词开始，到第二个谓语动词 之前结束，若只有一个谓语动词，到句末结束。 四，关系代词的用法 1. 关系代词的选择 that 1. He is a brilliant scientist that is respected by people. 2. This is the suitcase that she is looking for. that既可以指 ，也可以指 ,在定语从句中常作___________。作宾语时可省略。 主语或宾语 人 物 1. He has a good quality which contributes to his development. 2. She bought a special gift which she decided to give to her friend. which指___, 在定语从句作___________ 。作宾语时可省略。 物 主语或宾语 1. 关系代词的选择 which 1. Sam who is addicted to playing games hasn't completed his work. 2. The boy who I talked with just now is extremely hardworking. who指_____，在定语从句中作___________，作宾语时可省略。 人 主语或宾语 who 1. 关系代词的选择 1. The boy whom I talked with just now is extremely hardworking. 2. The assistants who I have are very careful and responsible. whom指____,作_____,可省略。作宾语时，可与who互换。 人 宾语 whom 1. 关系代词的选择 1. The store whose design is very unique attracts many customers. 2. The little baby whose smile is sweet is very popular. whose 通常指____，也可指____，在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，不可省略。 人 物 1. 关系代词的选择 whose 1. 关系代词的选择 as 常见的固定表达： As we all know:________________ As is well known:___________________ As we expect:________________ As is often the case:______________ As we can all see:_______________________ 众所周知 众所周知 正如我们预料的那样 像常规那样 正如我们都能看到的那样 1) The plane is a machine _______________can fly. 2) The fish ________________ he bought this morning is fresh. 3) The boy ______________ is handsome is my student. 4) The room ______________ window faces south is mine. 5) I know the girl _______________ mother is a teacher. 6). He is the lawyer ___________________ I met yesterday. that/which/省略 whose that/which that/who whose that/who/whom/省略 只用that,不用which的情况： 1.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时； This is the most delicious food _____ I have ever eaten. 2. 当先行词是all, much, little, few, everything, anything等不定代词时； Tell me everything _______ you know. 3. 当先行词被the only, the last, the very等修饰时； The only thing _____ you can do is to be careful next time. 4. 当先行词既包含人，又包含物时； Sometimes, we should ignore the people and things _____ upset us. 关系代词的选择（特殊情况） that that that that 5. 当主句是以which, who, what开头的特殊疑问句时； Which of the book ______ are on the desk belongs to your elder sister? that 只用which，不用that的情况： 1.引导非限定性定语从句(人: who; 物: which)； Football, _______ is an interesting game, is popular around the world. 2. 当关系词前面有介词时(人: whom; 物: which)； This is the house in _____ Mr. Wu once lived. You should make eye contact with the person to ______ you’re talking. which which whom 只用who,不用that的情况： 当先行词（指人）为he, she, they, anybody, anyone, nobody等不定代词时； Is there anyone in our class ____ is good at singing? who 关系代词 指人/物 在定语从句中充当什么成分 that which who whom whose 宾语 定语 人/物 人 主语/宾语 物 主语/宾语 人/物 主语/宾语 人 做题方法——如何选择关系词： 1. 先行词是人还是物； 2. 定语从句缺主语、宾语或者定语； 3. 对号入座，选择正确的关系代词 Step3 Summary 1.(2020 新高考Ⅱ,60) The Digital World is a set of volumes ______________aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. 2.(2020 新高考I,39)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ______________opened in 1759. 3.(2020 课标全国Ⅲ,61)In ancient China lived an artist ____________ paintings were almost lifelike. that/which that/which Step4 链接高考 —— Exercise whose 4.(2019 北京,9) The students benefitting most from college are those_______are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resource. 5.(2019 课标全国Ⅲ,64)They were well trained by their masters____________had great experience with caring for these animals. 6.(2023 全国乙卷) But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place _____________ welcomes the fast-development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. who who/that which/that 7. (2021·浙江1月) BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ____________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 8. (2024·陕西省宝鸡市高三模考) Another nominee was Su Bingtian, the first Chinese athlete ____________ competed in the men’s 100-meter sprint final at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. which/that who/that Thanks null 19513.447 $$