Unit 5 Music【速记清单】-2024-2025学年高一英语单元速记•巧练（人教版2019必修第二册）

Unit 5 Music 【01单元引言解读 】 Music is the universal language of mankind. —Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 释义：本单元首页的名言来自美国著名诗人朗费罗(H.W.Longfellow)，意为“音乐是人类通用的语言”，表达了音乐可以超越语言、超越种族，成为全人类沟通交流的工具的深刻含义。 启示：著名指挥大师小泽征尔曾多次强调过：“音乐是没有国界的语言。”音乐虽然是有民族性的，但本土音乐文化也可以供全人类共享。音乐有一种优于语言的表达能力。作为唯一的听觉审美艺术，它把声音(音响)居于艺术表达的核心，挣脱了语言的束缚，使人类思想的表达在音乐空间里释放出新的活力。 【02单元内容】 单元概述 The theme of this unit is music. The relationship between music and modern technology will then be examined.We will also learn about music festivals and also speech giving, expressing opinions on music, its power and influence. Finally, the music of films is introduced as a further example of the power of music. It is hoped that we can use the information in this unit to reflect upon our own lives and build further appreciation for the wonder of music. As the saying goes, “Music is the universal language of mankind”. Let's learn from the great musicians and start an musical life! 【03课标要求】 核心素养 课标要求 语言能力 语言知识 语音 熟悉和掌握不完全爆破的发音规则，能够在日常交流中，利用这些规则听音辨音及自然流畅地进行表达。 词汇 能正确使用与“音乐”主题相关的词和词块来理解和表达。 语法 能够学习和掌握过去分词作表语和状语的用法。 语篇 1.阅读介绍虚拟合唱团及其创始人的说明性文本，理解其文体特征和语言特点，关注人物经历叙述过程中的时间线索及其在文中的作用。 2.阅读和体会公共演讲文本所传递的信息和情感，分析和把握其语言特征，关注常见修辞手法在表达中的重要作用。 语用 1.能够在日常交际中得体恰当地表达自己的偏好和喜爱。 2.能够就音乐在人们生活中的积极作用，写一篇比较有感染力的演讲短文。 语言技能 听 听一名记者对三个学生的采访，“谈论喜欢的音乐”，只要音乐的内容积极向上，学生的爱好都值得尊重和赞赏。 说 通过听一则“音乐节通知”，指导学生根据情境模仿示范对话创编新的对话。 读 1.运用不同的阅读策略阅读“虚拟合唱团”，最终总结出“音乐是人类通用的语言”这一深刻涵义。 2.阅读文章，进一步体会音乐的美-“美好的音乐可以疗伤治病”。 写 1.能正确运用适当的修辞手法写一篇主题为“音乐是我们人生的______”的演讲稿，进一步树立正确的“音乐观”。 看 观看"世界音乐、艺术和舞蹈节"的视频，真正体会“音乐无国界”。 学习能力 1.了解解释的作用和常见方式，能够在听力过程中，利用其理解相关信息。 2.能够运用寻读技巧，快速捕捉日期、数字、人名、地名等重要信息。 文化意识 1.了解中外常见的不同类型的音乐的特点，以及随着互联网等新技术的发展，音乐所呈现出的发展趋势。 2.了解和体会音乐带给人们的不同感受和积极影响。 思维品质 了解在互联网等新技术发展的影响和推动下，音乐在表现形式、发展趋势等方面所呈现出的新特点;理解和体会音乐在日常生活和社会发展过程中的积极作用;培养深层理解和创新思维能力。 【单元目标】 By the end of the unit, we will be able to: 1.express preferences and opinions on music and form healthy aesthetic taste and inclusive attitude. 2.deeply understand the characteristics and the further meaning of The Virtual Choir. 3.talk about the significance contained in the speech and write a speech modelling the material and illustrate the influence and the value of the music . 4.reconstruct the unit as a whole and form overall recognition about importance and meaning of music. 【单元任务】 The Music Festival is coming. All the students can participate in it and show what they are interested in. As the promoter of this music festival, you should give a speech on music festival to the students, leading them to explore interesting aspects about music. In order to make it impressing, please write down the draft and perform it in your class first. 【学习导航&评价预设】 【学时安排】 Period Stage Task Form of targets Criteria 1 period Overall Perception  Express  opinions on  music preferences 1.the theme-related vocabulary in this unit. 2.The background information on music. 3. Different views about the different kinds of music you like in your own words. 1.I can express my opinions about my favorite music. 2. I get some basic information about music. 6 periods Exploration& Construction Understand the difference between a virtual choir and a real choir; Make a speech about the influence of music in our daily life. Make comments on some songs or music 1. The true meaning of the virtual choir. 2.The differences between a virtual choir and a real choir. 3. The basic structure of a speech. 4.A speech made according to requirements. 5.Discussion about the value of music in life. 6.A plan about music festival. 7.Comments on some songs or music. 1.I can speak out my preference. 2.I can tell the meaning of the virtual choir. 3.I understand the differences a virtual choir and a real choir. 4.I can write a speech about the influence of music in my daily life. 5. I know how to plan a music festival. 6. I learn to make comments on music or songs. 2 periods Application& Transfer Explore different aspects about music 1.The process of making a poster. 2.The poster made after discussion. 3.The tips given by others. I can design a poster about music topics and make a presentation before class. 3 periods Reconstruction & Expansion Reconstruct the mind map of music Theme-based mind map of the whole unit. I can build up a mind map of this unit, including four aspects: knowledge, ability, logic and value and develop the right attitude to music. 【04单元必背词汇篇】 1.energy n.能源；能量；精力 energetic adj.精力充沛的 精力充沛be full of energy 把某人的精力用在……上apply/devote one’s energy to... 2.opportunity n.机会；时机 提供/获得/错过/失去/抓住机会offer /obtain /miss /lose /seize the opportunity 利用这个机会做某事take the opportunity to do sth 3.chance n.机会；可能性 做某事的机会a chance to do sth 做某事的可能性chance of doing sth 不可能/很小的可能会……There is no/little chance that... 冒险take a chance 有没有可能by any chance 4.perform vi.演出，表演vt.履行 performance n.表演，演出；表现 performer n.表演者；演员 做手术/做实验perform an operation/an experiment 履行某人的诺言perform one’s promise 尽某人的职责perform one’s duty 表现得好/差perform well/badly 演出give/put on a performance 在……中起……的作用perform a...role in... 5.ordinary adj.普通的；平凡的 普通人ordinary people 通常地in the ordinary way 6.enable vt.使能够；使可能 使某人能够做某事enable sb to do sth 7.prove vt.证明 prove的过去式是proved，过去分词是proven proof n.证明 向某人证明……prove sth to sb 证明自己是……prove oneself to be... 据证明It is proved that... 8.award vt.授予n.奖品 因……而赢得奖品win an award for... 因……被授予某物be awarded sth for... 把某物颁发给某人award sb sth=award sth to sb 9.stage n. (发展或进展的)时期；阶段；(多指剧场中的)舞台 到达某一阶段reach a stage 经历某一阶段go through a stage 在这个/那个阶段at this/that stage 在初期/后期at an early/a late stage 在舞台上on the stage 10.gradual adj.逐渐的；渐进的 gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 一个循序渐进的过程a gradual process 11.capable adj.有能力的；有才能的 capability n.才能；能力 有能力(做)某事be capable of (doing) sth=be able to do sth 12.relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除 如释重负in relief 令某人欣慰的是to one’s relief 看到/拥有/知道……是件令人宽慰的事It is a relief to see/have/know... 终于放心了！What a relief ! 松了口气breathe a sigh of relief relieve vt. 减轻，缓解 使……免于……relieve...of... 减轻某人的痛苦/压力relieve one's pain/pressure 13.cure n.药物；治疗vt.治愈；治好（疾病）；解决（问题） 治好某人的……病；矫正某人的不良行为cure sb of sth 14.be/get absorbed in sth/sb专注于；被……吸引住 吸引某人的注意力absorb one’s attention=attract one’s attention 15.previous adj.先前的；以往的 previously adv.以前，先前 在……以前previous to (to是介词) precious adj.珍贵的 16.unemployed adj.失业的；待业的 失业者the unemployed 成为失业者become unemployed employ vt. 雇用；使用 雇用某人当……employ sb as... 雇用某人做某事employ sb to do sth 忙于做某事be employed in doing sth = employ oneself in doing sth employment n.就业；工作；使用 失业out of employment=out of work 17.impact n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力v.有影响 对……有影响have an impact/effect/influence on... 18.aim v.瞄准；力求达到；目的是；旨在n.目的；目标 (使某物)针对某人；（用某物）瞄准某物aim...at... 旨在……，目的是……be aimed at（doing）sth 为了……with the aim of... 达到某人的目标achieve one’s aim aimless adj. 漫无目的的 aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地 19.set sth up安装好（设备或机器）；建起，设立；创建，开办 安装设备set up the equipment 成立公司set up a company 着手做某事set about doing sth=set out to do sth=get down to doing sth 把……放到一旁set aside 动身出发set off 出发set out(for) 记下set down 点燃……set fire to 释放某人set sb free 确定日期set a date 树立榜样set an example (for) 20.equipment n.［U］设备；装备 一件设备a piece of equipment equip vt.装备，配备；使能够胜任 过去式和过去分词是equipped 给……配备……equip...with... 装有……；具备……be equipped with 使某人准备好做某事equip sb to do sth 21.try out参加……选拔(或试演) 试穿try on 尽力做某事try to do sth 尝试做某事try doing sth 竭尽全力做某事try one’s best to do sth 试一试have a try = give it a shot 22.talent n.天才；天资；天赋 talented adj.有天赋的=gifted 有……的天赋have a talent/gift for 在……方面有天赋be talented/gifted in 23.assume vt.以为 ；假设 assumption n.假定，假设 假定……是……assume...to be/as... 据推测……It is assumed that... 作出假设make an assumption 假设assuming (that) 假如provided (that) 24.treatment n.治疗；对待；处理 treat vt.治疗；对待；处理 ……的治疗a treatment for... 对待某人好/不好treat sb well/badly 把……当做……来对待treat...as... 治疗某人的……treat sb for... 用……招待某人/犒劳自己treat sb/oneself to... 我请客It’s my treat. = It’s on me. 25.lean vt. (过去式和过去分词是leant或leaned)依靠；倾斜 依靠，依赖(……的帮助和支持)lean on =depend on 倾向，偏向(尤指某意见或利益)lean to/towards 26.get through（设法）处理；完成；通过（测试等）；渡过（难关）；设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；使）正式通过，获得采纳 ；消耗掉；用完，耗尽 get 相关短语： 使……被理解get sth across 四处走动；传开get around 克服get over 与……相处get along with 做(坏事)而未受惩罚get away with 开始做某事get down to (doing) sth 经历go through 浏览look through 突破break through 27.satisfaction n.满足；满意 dissatisfaction n.不满意 satisfy vt.使满意 satisfied adj.感到满意的 satisfactory adj.令人满意的 满足地with satisfaction 令人满意的是to one’s satisfaction 28.various adj.各种不同的；各种各样的 vary vi.& vt.变化；使相异 随……而变化vary with 从……到……变化vary from...to... 在……方面相异vary in variety n. 种类，品种；多样性 各种各样的a variety of = varieties of 29.reaction n.反应；回应 对……的反应reaction to react vi. 回应；抗拒；发生反应 对……作出回应react to 影响，起作用react on 与……起化学反应react with 【05单元词汇识别】 【核心词汇短语】 1 absorbed in sth./sb. 被……吸引住；专心致志(教材P54) 归纳 拓展 (1)absorb v. 吸收；吸引；理解 absorb ... into ... 把……吸收进…… absorb/attract/draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 (2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的 be absorbed into ... 被……吸收；被……吞并 absorb oneself in (doing) sth.＝be absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神贯注于(做)某事 ①The cream is easily absorbed_into the skin. 这种护肤霜皮肤易吸收。 ②The surrounding small towns have_been_absorbed_into the city. 周围的小城镇已被并入这座城市。 ③The girl is_absorbing_herself_in painting. ＝The girl is_absorbed_in painting. 这个小女孩正在专心画画。 2 addition n. 添加；加法；增加物(教材P55) 归纳 拓展 in addition 另外；此外(还有) in addition to 除……以外还 ①Addition and division are forms of computation. 加法和除法都是计算方法。 ②You need money and time, in_addition,_you need diligence. 你需要金钱和时间，此外你还需要勤奋。 ③In_addition_to English, he has to study a second foreign language. 除英语外，他还得学第二外语。 名师点津　当主语后跟有in addition to引出的介词短语时，谓语动词仍与其前的主语保持一致。 3 aim n. 目的；目标　vi.& vt. 力求达到；力争做到；瞄准　vi. 目的是；旨在(教材P54) 归纳 拓展 (1)with the aim of 为了…… achieve one's aim 实现目标 take aim (at sb./sth.) 瞄准(……) (2)aim (sth.) at sb./sth. (把……)瞄准…… aim to do sth. 企图/意欲/旨在做某事 aim at (doing) sth. 旨在(做)…… be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在(做)……；目的是(做)…… be aimed at sb. 针对某人；对象是某人(主语一般是物) aim for sth. 力争得到…… ①She visited the school with_the_aim_of seeing the library. 她参观学校的目的是看看图书馆。 ②He aimed_(his_gun)_at the target, fired and missed it. 他(用枪)瞄准目标开火，却未打中。 ③My brother aims_at being a writer. ＝My brother aims_to_be a writer. 我弟弟立志当一名作家。 ④The visit was_aimed_at_deepening the relation between the two countries. 这次访问的目的在于加深两国的关系。 4 assume vt. 以为；假设(教材P55) 归纳 拓展 (1)assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设……为…… It is assumed that ... 一般认为…… (2)assumption n. 假定；假设 make an assumption 认为，假定 (3)assume/assuming (that) ... 假设/假定…… ①I had assumed_him_to_be a Belgian. 我本以为他是比利时人。 ②It_is_generally_assumed_that stress is caused by too much work. 一般认为，压力是工作过多所致。 ③Assuming/Assume that our plan is turned down, what shall we do? 假定我们的计划被拒绝了，我们该怎么办？ 5 award vt. 授予　n. 奖品(教材P52) 归纳 拓展 (1)award sth. to sb. (for sth.)＝ award sb. sth. (for sth.) 把某物颁发给某人 (2)win/receive/get an award for 因……而赢得/得到/获得奖品 win the first/second award 获得一/二等奖 ①The Special Contribution Prize was_awarded_to the professor Zhang. 特殊贡献奖颁给了张教授。 ②The panel of judges awarded_him_first_prize. 评委会授予他一等奖。 ③I won an award at the second run. 第二局我赢得了一个奖品。 6 classical n. 古典的；经典的(教材P50) 归纳 拓展 名词＋后缀－al变为形容词： music→musical 音乐的 origin→original 最初的 person→personal 个人的；私人的 center→central 中央的；中心的 nature→natural 自然的；天生的 form→formal 正式的 nation→national 全国的 ①He plays classical music, as well as pop and jazz. 他既演奏流行音乐和爵士乐，也演奏古典音乐。 ②These buildings are part of our national heritage. 这些建筑是我们民族遗产的一部分。 ③All hire cars are for personal use only. 所有租赁车辆仅供个人使用。 7 cure vt. 治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题)　n. 药物；治疗；(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)方法(教材P54) 归纳 拓展 (1)cure sb./a disease 治疗好某人/治疗(治愈)某种疾病 cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的疾病；改掉某人的恶习等 (2)a cure for 针对……的治疗(法) ①Will you be able to cure_him,_doctor? 医生，你能把他治好吗？ ②His parents tried to cure_him_of_bad_habits. 他的父母试图改掉他的恶习。 ③This is a_new_cure_for SARS. 这是一种新的SARS治疗方法。 8 enable vt. 使能够；使可能(教材P52) 归纳 拓展 (1)enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 (2)able adj. 能；能够 be able to do sth. 能够做某事 ①The software enables_you_to_access the Internet in seconds. 这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。 ②You must be_able_to_speak French for this job. 做这项工作你必须会说法语。 9 feel like 觉得好像……(教材P50) 归纳 拓展 (1)feel like＋(that)从句　觉得好像是…… (2)feel like＋doing 想做…… (3)feel like＋物质名词　摸上去像是…… (4)feel like＋名词/代词　觉得/像是要…… (5)feel like＋反身代词　感觉(身体/精神情况)正常 ①He feels_like_that he has never been to such a place. 他感觉好像从未到过这样一个地方。 ②Sometimes when I look into the sky, I feel_like_making a trip somewhere. 当我看天空时，我很想到某个地方旅行。 ③I'm holding something that feels_like_a_potato. 我拿的东西摸上去像个土豆。 ④It feels_like_rain soon. 好像马上就要下雨了。 ⑤I'm surprised that he feels_like_that. 我奇怪他会有这种感觉。 ⑥I'm not feeling_like_myself today. 我今天感觉不舒服。 10 get through (设法)处理；完成(教材P56) 归纳 拓展 get across 被接受；使理解 get away with 被放过；逃脱惩罚 get down to sth. 着手认真做某事 get over 克服；恢复 get on 继续；进展；关系良好 get in 当选；收割 ①I think you can get_through the first two chapters. 我想你能完成前两章。 ②Officers felt their point of view was not getting_across to the generals. 军官们觉得将军们还没有理解他们的观点。 ③Jane got_on with her work. 简继续做她的工作。 11 lean vt. (leant/leaned; leant/leaned) 依靠；倾斜(教材P56) 归纳 拓展 lean on sb./sth. 依靠，依赖……(的帮助和支持) lean to/towards/toward sth. 倾向，偏向(尤指某意见或利益) lean against/on sth. 倚靠；靠在；靠置 lean sth. against/on sth. 把……靠在…… ①He had to lean_on Dan to keep from falling. 他不得不靠在丹身上以免摔倒。 ②Most scientists would probably lean_toward this viewpoint. 大多数科学家可能会倾向于这个观点。 ③She was feeling tired and was glad to lean_against him. 她正感到有些疲倦，因此很高兴可以靠在他身上。 ④Can I lean my bike against the wall? 我能把自行车靠在这墙上吗？ 12 original adj. 原来的；独创的；原作的 n. 原件；原作(教材P52) 归纳 拓展 (1)in the original 以(未经翻译的)原语言 (2)origin n. 起源；源头；起因 originality n. 独创性；创意；独特构思 ①This house has been returned to the original owner. 这幢房子已经归还给了原主。 ②They are studying English in order to read Shakespeare in_the_original. 他们在攻读英语，以便能阅读莎士比亚原著。 ③This particular custom has its origins in Wales. 这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。 ④This latest collection lacks style and originality. 这本最新选集既无风格，又无创意。 13 perform vi.& vt. 表演；履行；执行(教材P52) 归纳 拓展 (1)perform a(n) ... role in 在……中起……作用 perform an operation/a play 进行手术/演一场戏 perform one's duty/promise 履某人的义务/职责/履行某人的承诺 (2)performance n. 表演；演技；表现 live performance 现场表演 put on/give a performance 表演 (3)performer n. 表演者；演员 ①As everyone knows, she performs_an_important_role_in our organization. 大家都知道，她在我们组织中发挥着重要的作用。 ②The doctor decided to perform_an_operation on the patient at once. 医生们决定，立即对病人施行手术。 ③The Festival of Asian Arts & Music will include two days of live performances. 亚洲艺术音乐节将安排两天的现场表演。 ④The performer promised that he would perform the next day. 表演者答应第二天他会进行表演。 14 previous adj. 先前的；以往的(教材P54) 归纳 拓展 (1)previous to (to为介词) 先于；在……之前 (2)previously adv. 先前地；以往地 ①I was unable to attend because of a previous engagement. 我因有约在先，无法出席。 ②It happened previous_to his arrival here. 事情发生在他到这儿之前。 ③The building had previously been used as a hotel. 这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。 15 prove vt. 证明；展现(教材P52) 归纳 拓展 prove to be 最终显现为 prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事 prove sb./sth. (to be) adj./n. 证明……是…… prove oneself＋to be sth. 显示(自己)是；向人证明(自己)是 prove＋宾语从句　证明…… ①She has proved_her_innocence_to_us. 她已向我们证明她是无罪的。 ②The fingerprints on the knife proved_him_(to_be)_the_murderer. 刀上的指纹证明他是凶手。 ③Margaret proved_herself_to_be a good mother. 玛格丽特证明了自己是个好妈妈。 ④This_just_proves_what I have been saying for some time. 这恰好证实了我长久以来所说的。 16 reaction n. 反应；回应(教材P58) 归纳 拓展 (1)reaction to sb./sth. 对……的反应/回应 reaction against sth. 对(旧观念等)的抗拒 (2)react v. (对……)作出反应；回应 react to sb./sth. 对……作出反应/回应 react against sb./sth. 反对/反抗…… ①What was his reaction_to the news? 他对这消息有何反应？ ②All new fashion starts out as a reaction_against existing convention. 所有新时尚都是从打破现有常规开始的。 ③There'd be no telling how John would react_to such news as this. 还不知道约翰听到这样的消息会作何反应。 ④Children sometimes react_against the thing their parents believe in. 孩子们有时会反对他们父母相信的事情。 17 relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱(教材P54) 归纳 拓展 (1)in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气 to one's relief 使某人欣慰的是；令某人安心的是 It is a relief to ... ……是让人欣慰/轻松的事。 relief from ... ……的减轻/消除 (2)relieve v. 减轻，缓和 relieve sb. of sth. 帮助某人减轻……的负担，解除某人的……职务 relieve one's pain/pressure 减轻某人的痛苦/压力 ①When he heard he had passed the examination, he smiled in_relief. 听说他通过了考试，他如释重负地笑了。 ②Much_to_our_relief/To_our_great_relief,_the children all arrived home safely. 使我们非常欣慰的是，孩子们都安全到家了。 ③It_was_a_relief_to_be able to talk to someone about it. 能和别人谈谈这件事，(我)感到舒心多了。 ④In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purpose is to relieve worldwide starvation. 在1963年，联合国设立了世界粮食计划署，它的目的之一是缓解全球饥荒。 ⑤Let me relieve_you_of_some_of_your_bags. 我来帮你拿几个袋子吧。 18 remind me of home/people I love 让我想起我爱的家/人(教材P51) 归纳 拓展 remind vt. 使记住；提醒；使(某人)想起 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that/what/how ... 提醒某人……；使某人想起…… ①My secretary reminded_me_of the important meeting to be held this afternoon. 我的秘书提醒我参加将于今天下午召开的重要会议。 ②You must remind_him_to_take his medicine, in case he forgets. 你必须提醒他吃药，以防他忘了。 ③Passengers_are_reminded_that no smoking is allowed on this train. 旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。 19 satisfaction n. 满足；满意；欣慰(教材P56) 归纳 拓展 (1)with satisfaction 满意地 to sb.'s satisfaction 令某人满意的是 (2)satisfy vt. 使满意；使满足 (3)satisfied adj. (感到)满意的，满足的 be satisfied with 对……感到满意 (4)satisfying adj. 令人满意的 ①She looked back on her career with_great_satisfaction. 回顾自己的事业，她深感欣慰。 ②I told myself I would be_satisfied_with whatever I could get. 我告诉自己，不管得到什么我都会心满意足的。 ③In order to find a satisfying job, we must have some talents that can benefit the company. 为了找到一份令人满意的工作，我们必须具备一些才能，能够为公司创造利益。 20 thus adv. 如此；因此(教材P52) 归纳 拓展 as thus 这样，因此，这样一来 thus and thus/so 如此这般 thus far 至今，迄今，到现在为止，到此为止 ①The text runs thus. 原文如此。 ②She forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the programme. 她忘了打开收音机，因此错过了那个节目。 ③What do you think of the show thus_far? 到目前为止你觉得这场演出怎么样？ 21 treatment n. 治疗；对待；处理(教材P56) 归纳 拓展 (1)get/receive treatment 得到/接受治疗 special treatment 特殊待遇/处理 AIDS treatment 艾滋病治疗 (2)treat v. 治疗；对待；处理 treat sth./sb. with ... 用……处理某物；以……态度对待某人 treat ... as ... 把……当作 treat sb. to sth. 用……款待某人 ①Many patients are not getting_the_medical_treatment they need. 很多病人没有得到他们需要的医治。 ②He treated_her_with indifference. 他很冷漠地对待她。 ③He was treated_as a hero on his release from prison. 他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待。 ④They treated_us_to lunch. 他们招待我们吃午饭。 22 various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的(教材P56) 归纳 拓展 (1)for various reasons 由于种种原因 (2)variety n. 不同种类，多种样式；变化；多样化 a variety of＝varieties of＝all kinds of 种类繁多的，各种各样的 the variety of ……的品种 (3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变化 vary from ... to .../between ... and ... 从……到……之间变化；在……到……之间变动 ①For_various_reasons I'd prefer not to meet him. 由于种种原因，我不愿见他。 ②One of the advantages is that we can find a_variety_of topics such as science, culture and history. 其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种话题，如：科学、文化、历史等。 【核心句型】 1 Moved_by_this_music,_he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”(教材P52) 他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。” 剖析 句中Moved by this music，是过去分词作状语，表示原因。可转换为as，since或because引导的状语从句。 归纳 拓展 过去分词作状语： (1)表示时间，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句。 (2)表示条件，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。 (3)表示让步，可转换为although，though或even if等引导的状语从句。 (4)表示方式或伴随，如有连词as if, 就可转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则可转换为并列从句。 ①Encouraged_by_the_progress he has made, he works harder. ＝As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. 由于受到所取得的进步的鼓舞，他更努力工作了。 ②Deeply_moved_by_the_story,_the children began to cry. ＝Because they were deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. 由于被这个故事深深地感动，孩子们开始哭了起来。 2 Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone.（教材 P52） 想象一下你有机会和数百人合唱，然而你其实是独自在家的。 剖析 本句是一个并列句，while 连接两个并列分句。 归纳拓展 while在此是并列连词，意为"而，然而"。 while 作从属连词的用法 （1）引导时间状语从句，意为"当……的时候"，从句谓语必须用延续性动词。 （2）引导让步状语从句，意为"虽然;尽管"。while 引导让步状语从句时，从句往往位于主句之前。 ①He likes playing basketball, while I like listening to music. 他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。 ②She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact, I was talking about my daughter. 她认为我在说她女儿，但事实上我在说我女儿。 ③The telephone rang while I was walking in the garden. 我在花园里散步时电话响了。 ④While I admit it's very difficult, I can solve it. 虽然我承认这很难，但我能解决它。 名师点津　在使用when和 while引导时间状语从句时，注意从句中的谓语动词，如果是延续性动词，两者均可，如果是短暂性动词，则只能用when。 [易混辨析：while, but, however] 易混词 区别 例句 while 并列连词。着重强调前后两者的对比 Tom is reading while Jim is playing football. 汤姆在读书，而吉姆在踢足球。 but 并列连词。总是位于它所引出的分句之首，之后一般不使用逗号。着重强调前后意思的转折，转折意味较however要强 I really want to go shopping with you, but I do have no money. 我真的很想和你一起购物，但是我确实没钱。 however 连接副词。可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。表示前后意思的转折 You should finish your work before nine o'clock; however, you can have a break before you start. 你应该在9点之前完成你的工作，不过在开始之前你可以休息一下。 3 He fell in love with Mozart's classical music when he sang for the university choir.（教材 P52) 当他在大学合唱团唱歌的时候，他就爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。 归纳拓展 fall in love 是固定短语，意为"相爱，爱上"。 后接宾语时必须加介词 with，构成 fall in love with...（爱上……）。 ①The prince and Cinderella fall_in_love. 王子与灰姑娘坠入情网。 ②In the film, a beautiful girl fell_in_love_with a beast. 在这部电影中，美女爱上了野兽。 [易混辨析：fall in love (with ...), be in love (with ...)] 4 Altogether，2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre's song"What If". （教材 P52） 总共有来自 80 个国家的 2，292名青年参与演唱惠塔克的歌曲《假如》。 剖析 What if …..?为常用句型，What if后面跟一个完整的句子，且句子通常用现在时或过去时。 归纳拓展 （1）用于提出假设时，意思是"假若……""假若……怎么办""要是……将会怎么样"（尤指令人不愉快的事情发生时）。 （2）表示邀请或建议时，意思是"如果……怎么样?""如果……如何?"（用于表示提出有益的建议）。 ①What_if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? 假如他们对你不那么感兴趣的画谈论了很长时间怎么办？ ②What_if we go and see a film tomorrow night? 我们明晚去看一场电影如何？ 【06单元语法】 【学习目标&重难点】 1.掌握非谓语动词作状语的用法(重点) 2.掌握非谓语动词作表语的用法(重点) 3.能在具体语境中完成非谓语动词作表语和状语的习题(难点) 【关键能力】语法学习能力&语法运用能力 【核心素养】合作学习的能力&思维品质（分析和解决问题的能力） 一、知识链接 1. 非谓语动词思维导图： 2.表语 概念：用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态 Kaiping/ Zhouxian/Luochun/Tiantian...is the king of dancers. 结构：系表结构 系动词+表语 ①　 Be动词：am/ is /are ②　感官动词：feel/sound/smell/look/ ③　表示变得的动词：become/grow/turn/get ④　表示保持的动词：keep/stay/remain 3.状语 概念：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分 类别：时间状语，地点状语，原因状语，目的状语，条件状语，伴随状语等。 （分别用来表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，条件，伴随动作等） 二、自主探究 探究一：(观察下列句子，并总结非谓语作表语的用法) 1. Everyone was excited.每个人都是感到兴奋的。 2. Everything was exciting.每件事都是令人激动的。 3. Li Dinghua’s homework is satisfying and Miss Luo is satisfied with her homework. 李顶华的作业是令人满意的并且罗老师对她的作业感到满意。 4. The cup is broken. 杯子是破碎的。 5. The store is now closed. 门是关着的。 6. My dream is to be a singer.我的梦想是成为一个歌手。 7.My hobby is going fishing.我的爱好是钓鱼。 例句1+3: V-ed (译为_________)/(ed指人或人的表情) 非谓语作表语的用法 例句2+3:V-ing (译为_________)/(ing指物) 例句4+5：过去分词作__________,表示状态 例句6：不定式作_____语,表将来 例句7：动名词作______语 用所给单词完成句子： 1. I never thought I was very ____________(talent) at anything to do with music. 2. My cousin is very ____________ (interest) in painting. 3. _________(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” 4. ___________ (know) as an expert, Mr. Wang shows great talents in this field. 归纳: 一、过去分词作表语 1．意义 ① She looked very _____________________. 她看上去很失望。 ② We were ______________ at the news. 听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。 ③ Your younger sister seems _____________ to video games. 你小妹妹仿佛迷上了电子游戏。 总结：位于系动词(如be，get，become，look，feel，seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。 2. 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 The cup is ____________. 杯子碎了。(系表结构) The cup _________________ by Tom. 杯子是被汤姆打碎的。(被动语态) 总结：过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。 3. 过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别 They became ______________________ they stayed awake all night. 他们如此担心，以至于一整晚都没有睡觉。 The situation became ______________________ something should be done at once. 形势变得令人担忧，应该立刻采取措施。 总结：过去分词: 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的” 现在分词: 表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的” 二、过去分词作状语 1．过去分词作状语，表示被动或完成的动作，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 (1) __________________________________，the dictionary will be very popular. 一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。 总结：过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个when，while，after，once等引导的时间状语从句。 (2) ________________________________，John didn't notice evening approaching. 由于专心读书，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。 总结：过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。 (3) ______________________________________，I can also work out this problem. 如果再给我一个小时，我也能把这道题算出来。 总结：过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。 (4) _______________________________________________________________，we didn't lose heart and encouraged each other. 虽然被对方的队打败了，但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。 总结：过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个though，although，even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。 (5) The old man got on the bus，__________________________________________. 在一位姑娘的搀扶下，老人上了公共汽车。 总结：过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。 注意: ①过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when，though，although，as if，as though，if，unless，until，once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。 ____________________________，I will attend the wedding of my friend. 如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。 ②过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。 ______________ (catch)，the thief will be punished by the police. (翻译) ③ 有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。 常见的有：satisfied，surprised，interested，moved，worried，pleased，disappointed等。 ____________ (dissatisfy) at the examination results，the girl stood there without _________ (say) a word. (翻译) 2．过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 __________(ask) why he was late，he cried. (翻译) ___________(play) out of the window，I saw some students _________ (play) there. 总结：过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。 巩固练习 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. Ladies and gentlemen，please remain __________(seat)until the plane has come to a complete stop. 2._____________(give)the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars. 3. We went to the cinema,_____________(fill) with excitement. 4. Once _____________(pour)，water cannot be taken back. 5. _____________(see) those pictures，he couldn't help thinking of those days in his hometown. 6. The news was _____________ and they were all ___________ at it.(excite) 7. We all felt _______________ at the ________________ news.(encourage) 8. I became ___________ (interest)in playing football thanks to a small accident. 9. One reason was that I was ___________(amaze) at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor. 10. ___________(face) with challenges，I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”． Ⅱ.语篇填空 Song Qingling, 1__________(bear) on 27th January 1893 in Shanghai，one of the greatest 2__________(leader) of China, was a well­known stateswoman.When she was young，she was much 3__________(concern) about the future of China.Later she took part 4__________ many activities to fight for the freedom of Chinese people. After the 5_____________ (found) of the PRC，she was 6_____________(complete) devoted to the 7.______________(develop) of new China and played an important part in many activities. On 8th May 1981，she died in Beijing at the age of 88，8.which brought great sorrow to the Chinese people.9__________(honor) as one of the greatest women of the 20th century，she 10_______________(remember) by the Chinese people forever. 答案： 用所给单词完成句子： 1. talented 2. interested 3. Moved 4. Known [归纳用法] 1. disappointed ; encouraged ; addicted 2. broken; was broken 3. so worried that; so worrying that 二. 1. (1) Once published(＝Once it is published) (2) Buried /Absorbed in reading(＝Because he was absorbed / buried in reading) (3) Given another hour(＝If I am given another hour) (4) Beaten by the opposite team(＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team) (5) supported by a girl(＝and he was supported by a girl)． 注意: ① If (I am) invited ② Caught = If caught 小偷如果被抓，就会受到警方的处罚。 ③ Dissatisfied; saying 由于对考试结果不满意，那女孩站在那儿一下不吭。 2. Asked问他为什么迟到时，他哭了。 Looking; playing 朝窗外望去，我看见一些学生在那边玩耍。 巩固练习 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.seated 2. Given 3. filled 4. poured 5. Seeing 6. exciting; excited 7. encouraged; encouraging 8. interested 9. amazed 10. Faced II. 语篇填空 1.born 2.leaders 3.concerned 4.in 5.foundation 6.completely 7.development 8.which 9.Honored 10.is remembered 【07单元写作】 How to write a speech 写一篇演讲稿 写作点拨 演讲稿包括发言稿、致辞等。演讲稿在语言使用上一定要准确简明、通俗易懂、层次清楚、条理分明。 具体写作结构为： 首段点明演讲主题；中间段陈述演讲的具体内容；尾段总结演讲。 （一）演讲稿的基本结构 1.首段——简短介绍（*欢迎听众 *介绍主题/自我介绍 *说明演讲结构） 2.主体——演讲正文（分要点陈述主题） 3.尾段——概括总结（*总结演讲 *致谢听众） （二）演讲稿的写作步骤 1.对听众的称呼语 最常用的是Ladies ad gentlemen，也可以根据不同情况，选用Fellow students, Distinguished guests, Mr Chairman, Honourable judges等。 2.提出论题 由于演讲有时间限制，所以必须开门见山，提出论题。提出论题的方法多种多样，但最生动、最能引起注意的举例法。 3.论证 对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等。 4.结论 结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。不要受汉语影响，说些类似”准备不足，请见谅”等的话语。 最常见的结尾是：Thank you very much for your attention. （三）常用句式 1.我非常荣幸今天能站在这里和大家讲话。 It’s a great honour for me to stand here and talk to you. / I am honored to stand here to have a chance to speak to you today. 2.我演讲的目的是介绍…… The purpose of my presentation is to introduce... 3.在我的演讲中，我将谈论三个方面的问题。第一，…… 第二，…… 第三，…… During my talk, I’ll be looking at three areas. Firstly,... Secondly,... Thirdly,... 4.最后，我想重复一下我在开头所说的观点。 Finally, I’d like to repeat the points I made at the beginning. 5.感谢各位观众的倾听。 Thank you all for being such an attentive audience. 6.祝大家万事如意！ I wish you the best of luck in everything you do! （四）范例 在成长的过程中，我们总是对未来的职业非常憧憬。近期你班将以“My dream career”为题举行一场英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下要求写一篇英语演讲稿，内容包括： 1、你的理想职业 2、选择它的理由 3、实现的途径 注意：1.词数80左右 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 My dream career Good morning, everyone! It’s my honor to be here to deliver a brief speech on my future career— to be a tour guide. Since my early age, I have been admiring tour guides who travel worldwide, enjoying the fascinating scenery, appreciating different cultures and, meanwhile, enriching their life experience. Besides, this career is financially rewarding as well so that I can live a well-off life. Additionally, I will have more opportunities to meet people from all walks of life, which is both challenging and interesting. To be a good guide is no easy job. Actually, it is the wide range of knowledge, professionalism and dedication that shape a highly qualified tour guide. Therefore, my dream cannot be fulfilled without industrious work to pave the way. Thank you for listening! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$